Escolar Documentos
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SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED VOLUME 191 11/10/2019, 12(54 PM
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* EN BANC.
453
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454
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MELENCIO-HERRERA, J.:
457
larly Section 55, of the General Appropriation Bill of 1989 (H.B. No.
19186) and For Other Purposes.‰
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460
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461
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462
Judicial Determination
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464
„Sec. 27. (1) Every bill passed by the Congress shall, before it
becomes a law, be presented to the President. If he approves the
same, he shall sign it; otherwise, he shall veto it and return the
same with his objections to the House where it originated, which
shall enter the objections at large in its Journal and proceed to
reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of all the
Members of such House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent,
together with the objections, to the other House by which it shall
likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of all the
Members of that House, it shall become a law. In all such cases, the
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„Section 20 (2). The Prime Minister shall have the power to veto
any particular item or items in an appropriation, revenue, or tariff
bill, but the veto shall not affect the item or items to which he does
not object.‰
466
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467
(FY Â89) and Section 16 (FY Â90) are not provisions in the
budgetary sense of the term. Article VI, Section 25 (2) of
the 1987 Constitution provides:
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„Conditions/Restrictions‰
469
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470
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471
„Sec. 44. x x x
„The President shall, likewise, have the authority to augment
any appropriation of the Executive Department in the General
Appropriations Act, from savings in the appropriations of another
department, bureau, office or agency within the Executive Branch,
pursuant to the provisions of Art. VIII, Sec. 16 (5) of the
Constitution (now Sec. 25 (5), Art. VI)‰ (Emphasis ours), (N.B.: The
first paragraph declared void in Demetria v. Alba, supra, has been
deleted).
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472
473
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475
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477
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478
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She cannot select provisions and sections she does not like
and veto them while approving the rest of the statute. The
Constitution allows a limited power of veto only when it
comes to appropriation, revenue or tariff bills. The power is
limited to items. It should not be interpreted by this Court
to mean the expanded power to also veto „provisions.‰
To state it in another way, the President may veto a
distinct and severable part of a bill only·(1) if that
severable part is an item and not a provision, and (2) if that
severable part belongs to an appropriation, revenue or
tariff bill. All other bills must be vetoed in their entirety.
Regarding the citation from Bengzon v. Secretary of
Justice (299 U.S. 410, 414 [1936]) for a liberal construction,
the veto power is interpreted in favor of validity only when
it is limited to the items it covers. No amount of liberal
interpretation, for instance, can allow the President to veto
any item, part, or section of a bill which has nothing to do
with appropriations, revenues, or tariffs.
I must emphasize that the provisions vetoed by the
President are not inappropriate and definitely are not
riders.
There can be no dispute that Congress has the power to
reduce the budgetary proposals prepared by the Executive.
If Congress abolishes, removes, or reduces a project,
function,
479
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480
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481
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482
Although House Bill No. 727 had been vetoed by the President and
did not thereby become a regular statute, it may at least be
considered as a concurrent resolution of the Congress formally
declaring the termination of the emergency powers. To contend that
the Bill needed presidential acquiescence to produce effect would
lead to the anomalous, if not absurd, situation that, while Congress
might delegate its powers by a simple majority, it might not be able
to recall them except by two-thirds vote. In other words, it would be
easier for Congress to delegate its powers than to take them back.
This is not right and is not, and ought not, to be the law.
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483
„Sec. 27. (1) Every bill passed by the Congress shall, before it
becomes a law, be presented to the President. If he approves the
same, he shall sign it; otherwise, he shall veto it and return the
same with his objections to the House where it originated, which
shall enter the objections at large in its Journal and proceed to
reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of all the
Members of such House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent,
together with the objections, to the other House by which it shall
likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of all the
Members of that House, it shall become a law. In all such cases, the
votes of each House shall be determined by yeas or nays, and the
names of the Members voting for or against shall be entered in its
Journals. The President shall communicate his veto of any bill to
the House where it originated within thirty days after the date of
receipt thereof; otherwise, it shall become a law as if he had signed
it.
(2) The President shall have the power to veto any particular
item or items in an appropriation, revenue, or tariff bill, but the
veto shall not affect the item or items to which he does not object.‰
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484
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485
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