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Presentado por:
Grupo
100104_273
UNAD
ABRIL DE 2017
INTRODUCCION
OBJETIVOS
matrices.
DESARROLLO
25 = (𝟐 − 𝛌)𝟐
√𝟐𝟓 = 2 – λ
5–2=–λ
3= –λ
Λ = -3
Y
73 = ( −𝟑) 𝟐 + (λ +5) 𝟐
73 -9 = (λ +5) 𝟐
√𝟔𝟒 = λ +5
𝟖−𝟓 =λ
𝟑= 𝛌
Y
Ejercicio 2
⃗ = (−3, 6)
a. u
𝐛
⃗ | = √𝐚𝟐 + 𝐛 𝟐 y 𝛂 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝐚
Fórmulas: |𝐮
Punto a
(-3,6)
Orientación N26.6E
(0, 0)
Magnitud 6.7 u
⃗ = (−3, 6)
u
⃗ | = √(−3)2 + 62
|u
|u
⃗ | = √9 + 36
⃗ | = √45
|u
⃗ | = √45
|u
|u
⃗ | = 6.7
−3
α = tan−1
6
α = tan−1 0.5
α = 26.56
Punto b
A = (4, 1)
B = (-3, 5)
(-3,5)
Orientación N60.25W
(4, 1)
Magnitud 8.06 u
⃗ = B(−3, 5) − A(4, 1)
v
⃗ = ⟨−3 − 4,
v 5 − 1⟩
⃗ = ⟨−7,
v 4⟩
⃗ = −7 → 4 →
v
i j
⃗ | = √(−7)2 + 42
|v
|v
⃗ | = √49 + 16
⃗ | = √65
|v
|v
⃗ | = 8.06
−7
α = tan−1
4
α = tan−1 −1.75
α = 60.25
Ejercicio 3
a. u y v sean ortogonales.
b. u y v sean paralelos.
π
c. El ángulo entre u y v sea 4
a) u.v = 0
u.v = ʠ - 6 = 0
ʠ=6
U=i+3j
R/ 6 – 6 = 0 si es ortogonal
b) ʠ = U y V ----Paralelas
U = i + 3j
V=ʠi–2j ʠ=?
U = ( 𝐔𝟏, 𝐔𝟐, )
V= ( 𝐕𝟏, 𝐕𝟐, )
𝐔𝟐 𝐕𝟐
=
𝐔𝟏 𝐕𝟏
𝟑/𝟐 = 𝟐/ʠ
3ʠ=2
ʠ = 𝟐/𝟑
V = (𝟐/𝟑i -2j)
𝐔𝟐 𝐕𝟐
=
𝐔𝟏 𝐕𝟏
𝟔/𝟐 = 𝟐/𝟐/𝟑
𝟐
𝟏
3= 𝟐
𝟑
3 = 𝟔/𝟐
𝐮.𝐯
c) Cos ʠ = |𝐔||𝐕|
U = (1,3)
V = (ʠ,- 2) U.V = ʠ - 6
| U | = √𝟏 + 𝟗 = √𝟏𝟎
| V | = √ʠ𝟐 + 𝟒 = √ʠ𝟐 + 𝟒
ʠ − 𝟔 𝛑
=
√𝟏𝟎. √ʠ𝟐 + 𝟒 𝟒
𝛑
ʠ - 6 = {(𝟒 . √𝟏𝟎 . √ʠ𝟐 + 𝟒) }
𝛑
(ʠ − 𝟔 )𝟐 = {( 𝟒 . √𝟏𝟎 . √ʠ𝟐 + 𝟒)}𝟐
ʠ𝟐 - 12ʠ + 36 = 5(ʠ𝟐 + 𝟒)
ʠ𝟐 - 12ʠ + 36 = 5ʠ𝟐 + 20
ʠ𝟐 - 5ʠ𝟐 - 12ʠ + 36 – 20 = 0
ʠ𝟐 + 3ʠ - 4 = 0
Ejercicio 4
Proyección vectorial
u∗v
proyu v = [ ] ∗→
|u|2 u
u. v = (1,2) ∗ (−2,2) = −2 + 4 = 2
2
proyu v = ∗ (1, 2)
5
2 4
proyu v = ( , )
5 5
Proyección escalar:
2 2 4 2
√
|proyu v| = ( ) + ( )
5 5
4 16
|proyu v| = √ +
25 25
20 4
|proyu v| = √ = √
25 5
b. u = −5i + 3j v = 3i − 2j
Proyección vectorial
v∗u
proyv u = [ ] ∗→
|v|2 v
21
proyv u = − ∗ (3, − 2)
13
63 42
proyv u = (− , )
13 13
Proyección escalar
63 2 42 2
|proyv u| = √(− ) +( )
13 13
Ejercicio 5
i + j si i ≠ j
Matriz 3 × 4, B = [aij ] para la cual aij = {
0 si i = j
Solución
Sea A = [aij ]
Donde [aij ] = i + j − 2
α11 = 1 + 1 − 2 = 0
α21 = 2 + 1 − 2 = 1
α12 = 1 + 2 − 2 = 1
α22 = 2 + 2 − 2 = 2
Matriz
0 1
A=[ ]
1 2
i + j si i ≠ j
Matriz 3 × 4, B = [aij ] para la cual aij = {
0 si i = j
Solución
Sea B = [aij ]
i + j si i = j
Donde aij = { }
0 si i = j
Matriz
0 3 4 5
B = [3 0 5 6]
4 5 0 7
Ejercicio 6
a. 3AB
b. C2 B
3 1 2 3
2 3 1
A=| | B = |1| C = |4 5 6|
−1 2 3
2 7 8 9
6+3+2
3AB = 3 x | |
−3 + 2 + 6
11
3AB = 3 x | |
5
11x3
3AB = | |
5x3
33
3AB = | |
15
Punto b C2 B
1 2 3 3
C2 B = |4 5 6| 2 x |1|
7 8 9 2
1 2 3 1 2 3 3
C2 B = |4 5 6| x |4 5 6| x |1|
7 8 9 7 8 9 2
C2 B
1 + 8 + 21 2 + 10 + 24 3 + 12 + 27 3
2
C B = |4 + 20 + 42 8 + 25 + 48 12 + 30 + 54| x |1|
7 + 32 + 63 14 + 40 + 72 21 + 48 + 81 2
30 36 42 3
2
C B = |66 81 96 | x |1|
92 126 150 2
90 + 36 + 84
2
C B = | 132 + 81 + 192 |
276 + 126 + 300
210
C2 B = |405|
702
Ejercicio 7
1 1 −1 8 −2
X − [4 −3] = [ 1 6]
3
3 12 −5 15
1 1 −1 8 −2
X + [4 −3] = [ 1 6]
5
3 12 −5 15
Solución
1 1 −1 8 −2 1 9 −3
X = [4 −3] + [ 1 6 ]→ X=[ 5 3]
3 3
3 12 −5 15 −2 27
9 3
− 3 −1
3 3 5
5 3 1
X= =X= 3
3 3 2
2 27 − 9]
[ 3
[− 3 3 ]
1 1 −1 8 −2
b. X + [4 −3] = [ 1 6]
5
3 12 −5 15
1 8 −2 −1 1 1 7 −1
X= [ 1 6 ] + [−4 3 ] = X = [−3 9 ]
5 5
−5 15 −3 −12 −8 3
7 1
−
5 5
3 9
X= −
5 5
8 3
−
[ 5 5 ]
Ejercicio 8
inversa de
1 1 2 1
A = [2 3 6 3]
1 2 5 3
1 1 2 2
1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0
A = [2 3 6 3 ⋮ 0 1 0 0
]
1 2 5 3 0 0 1 0
1 1 2 2 0 0 0 1
F2 = −2 F1 + F2
F2 → −2 F1 + F2
1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0
A = [0 1 2 1 ⋮ −2 1 0 0
]
1 2 5 3 0 0 1 0
1 1 2 2 0 0 0 1
F3 = −1 F1 + F3
1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0
A = [0 1 2 1 ⋮ −2 1 0 0
]
0 1 3 2 −1 0 1 0
1 1 2 2 0 0 0 1
F4 = −1 F1 + F4
1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0
A = [0 1 2 1 ⋮ −2 1 0 0
]
0 1 3 2 −1 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 −1 0 0 1
F3 = −1 F2 + F3
1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0
−2 1 0 0
A = [0 1 2 1 ⋮ ]
0 0 1 1 1 −1 1 0
0 0 0 1 −1 0 0 1
F3 = −1 F4 + F3
1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0
A = [0 1 2 1 ⋮ −2 1 0 0 ]
0 0 1 0 2 −1 1 −1
0 0 0 1 −1 0 0 1
F1 = −1 F2 + F1
1 0 0 0 3 −1 0 0
A = [0 1 2 1 ⋮ −2 1 0 0 ]
0 0 1 0 2 −1 1 −1
0 0 0 1 −1 0 0 1
F2 = −2 F3 + F2
1 0 0 0 3 −1 0 0
−6 3 2 2
A = [0 1 0 1 ⋮ ]
0 0 1 0 2 −1 1 −1
0 0 0 1 −1 0 0 1
F2 = −1 F4 + F2
1 0 0 0 3 −1 0 0
A = [0 1 0 1 ⋮ −5 3 −2 1 ]
0 0 1 0 2 −1 1 −1
0 0 0 1 −1 0 0 1
RESPUESTA
3 −1 0 0
−5 3 −2 1
A=[ ]
2 −1 1 −1
−1 0 0 1
Ejercicio 9
−1 2 −4 6
A=[ 3 0 1 4]
4 6 2 1
2 −2 6 −6
−1 2 −4 6
( 3 0 1 4 ) F2−(−3)×F1→F2 multiplicamos la fila 2 x-3 y
4 6 2 1
2 −2 6 −6
la restamos a la fila 2
−1 2 −4 6
( 0 6 −11 22 ) F3−(−4)×F1→F3 luego multiplicamos la fila
4 6 2 1
2 −2 6 −6
1 x -4 y la restamos a la fila 3
−1 2 −4 6
( 0 6 −11 22 ) F4−(−2)×F1→F4 multiplicamos la fila 4 x
0 14 −14 25
2 −2 6 −6
−1 2 −4 6
(0 6 −11 22) F3-(−7)×F2→F3 multiplicamos la fila 3 x
0 14 −14 25 3
0 2 −2 6
7
(−3) y la restamos a la fila 3
−1 2 −4 6
0 6 −11 22 1
( 35 79 ) F4−(− )×F2→F4 multiplicamos la fila 2 x
0 0 −3 3
3
0 2 −2 6
y lo restamos a la fila 4
matriz principal
−1 2 −4 6
0 6 −11 22
35 79 35 17
=−6× 3 × 7 = −170
0 0 3 −3
0 0 0 17
( − )
7
Ejercicio 10
cofactores:
1 −1 2 0 2
3 1 4 3 0
||2 −1 0 0 0 ||
0 4 0 0 3
2 0 0 −1 4
3 1 3 0 1 -1 0 2
2* 2 -1 0 0 + -4 2 -1 0 0
0 4 0 3 0 4 0 3
2 0 -1 4 2 0 -1 4
2 -1 0 3 1 0 1 -1 2
-3 0 -1 0 + (-1) 2 -1 0 -1 2 -1 0
2 0 4 0 4 3 0 4 3
2 -1 0 3 1 0 1 -1 2
2* 3 0 -1 0 + (-1) 2 -1 0 + (-4) (-1) 2 -1 0
2 0 4 0 4 3 0 4 3
2 -1 0 2 -1 3 1 0 3 1 1 -1 2 1 -1
0 -1 0 0 -1 2 -1 0 2 -1 2 -1 0 2 -1
2 0 4 2 0 0 4 3 0 4 0 4 3 0 4
26 -15 19
|𝐀| = 262
CONCLUSIONES
matrices t determinantes.
WEBGRAFIA
https://es.symbolab.com/solver/matrix-vectores
http://hdl.handle.net/10596/7200
http://hdl.handle.net/10596/7193
http://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co:2077/lib/unadsp/detail.acti
on?docID=10584265&p00=algebra+lineal
http://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co:2077/lib/unadsp/detail.acti
on?docID=11013215&p00=lgebra+lineal