DEPARTMENT OF MILITARY SCIENCE AND TACTICS

MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY BATAC ROTC UNIT

101 COMMUNITY DEFENSE CENTER, 1RCDG, ARESCOM
City of Batac, Ilocos Norte 2906

LESSON HANDOUT

Subject: Military Courtesy And Discipline

MILITARY COURTESY – pertains to the wholesome relationships between juniors and seniors, between young and old, with all persons. It
includes an essential element of a full and proper appreciation of the rights of others. It also includes special acts and ceremonial procedures, which are
prescribed in official regulations.

MILITARY DISCIPLINE – is a state of order and obedience existing within a command. It involves the ready subordination of the will of the
individual for the good of the group. It is an extension and specialized application of the discipline that demands habitual but reasoned obedience that
preserves initiative and functions unfalteringly even in the absence of the commander.

II. CORRECT USE OF TITLES

Titles of Commissioned Officers

1. Lieutenants are addressed officially as lieutenants

2. Other officers are addressed or referred to by their titles
3. Ma’am will be used in addressing a female officer
4. All chaplains are officially addressed as chaplain regardless of their military grade
5. Women officers of the Technical service as well with those WAC are addressed by their titles.

Titles of Cadets
 Cadets are addressed as “cadet”
Titles to Non Commissioned Officers
 Sergeant Majors are addressed as “Sgt Major”
 A First Sergeant is addressed as “F/Sgt”
 Sergeants are addressed as “Sgt”
 Corporals are addressed as “Cpl”
Use of titles by retired personnel
 Individuals who retire from the armed forces and not active on duty are authorized to use their titles socially, and in connection with
commercial enterprises, subject to prescribed limitations.

III. MILITARY SALUTE

When to use the hand salute and the salute with arms

Salute will be exchanged between officers and enlisted personnel. Military personnel under arms will render the salute prescribed for the
weapon with which they are armed. Military personnel in civilian clothes will render salute with each other upon recognition. Covered or uncovered, salute
is rendered in the usual manner. A person running will come to a walk before saluting. Organization and detachment commanders salute officers of higher
grades by bringing the organization to attention before saluting except when in the field. The smartness with which the officer or soldier gives the salute is
held to indicate the degree of pride he has in his military responsibilities.

When not to salute

1. An enlisted man in ranks and not in attention comes to attention when addressed by an officer.
2. Individuals at work do not salute
3. When actively involved in games
4. In churches, theaters or public assemblies
5. When on the march in combat and other combat conditions
6. Sentinel armed with pistol does not salute after challenging.
7. Driver of a vehicle in motion is not required to salute
8. When indoors, except when reporting to an officer

IV. COURTESIES RENDERED BY JUNIORS TO SENIORS

Reporting to a superior officer in his office

When reporting to a superior officer, the junior (unless under arms) removes his headdress, knocks and enters when told to do so. Upon
entering, he marches up to within about 2 paces of the officer’s desk, halts, salutes and reports.

Courtesies exchanged when an officer addresses a soldier

During conversations, salutes are exchanged, conversation is completed, salutes are again exchanged
 Procedure when an officer enters a squadron of tent
 In a squadron of tent, uncover and stand at attention when an officer enters.
Entering automobiles and small boats
 The senior enters a boat of automobile first and leaves last.

V. COURTESIES TO THE NATIONAL FLAG AND TO THE NATIONAL ANTHEM

 Reveille and retreat  Courtesies to the national anthem

 The flag at the half-staff  Dipping the flag or colors
 Salute to passing colors  Display and use of the flag

VI. GENERAL COURTESY AND DISCIPLINE

1. Being late for any engagement is the height of bad manners.

2. An officer of the Armed Forces is expected to behave and conduct himself with dignity and restraint.
3. It is bad taste to address a woman by her first name or nickname unless she has indicated otherwise.
4. An officer always asks to be permitted to smoke in the presence of a woman especially in a room of automobile.
5. If an officer invites a friend to his club, he should be out of sight only when necessary.
6. An officer always stands when introduced to a woman, a clergyman, an official or an old man.
7. It is not polite to compliment a person in a company because the others might feel slighted.
8. An officer must be careful in speaking about his wife. To people who have not met her socially, she is referred to as my wife or her
first name.

TABOOS

1.
Uniform must not be defamed 7. Old man to be spoken with care
2. Never slink under cover to avoid retreat 8. Avoid going over the officer’s head
3. Offer no excuses 9. Harsh remarks are to be avoided
4. Use of third person by an officer is of poor taste 10. Avoid vulgarity and profanity
5. Servility is scorned 11. Excessive indebtedness to be avoided
6. Avoid praising your commander to his face

LESSON HANDOUT

Subject: AFP ORGANIZATION

Executive Order No. 292, s. 1987
Instituting the Administrative Code of 1987
ARTICLE XVI

GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 1. The flag of the Philippines shall be red, white, and blue, with a sun and three stars, as consecrated and honored by the people and
recognized by law.

Section 2. The Congress may, by law, adopt a new name for the country, a national anthem, or a national seal, which shall all be truly reflective
and symbolic of the ideals, history, and traditions of the people. Such law shall take effect only upon its ratification by the people in a national referendum.

Section 3. The State may not be sued without its consent.

Section 4. The Armed Forces of the Philippines shall be composed of a citizen armed force which shall undergo military training and serve as may
be provided by law. It shall keep a regular force necessary for the security of the State.

Section 5. (1) All members of the armed forces shall take an oath or affirmation to uphold and defend this Constitution.
(2) The State shall strengthen the patriotic spirit and nationalist consciousness of the military, and respect for people’s rights in the
performance of their duty.
(3) Professionalism in the armed forces and adequate remuneration and benefits of its members shall be a prime concern of the State. The
armed forces shall be insulated from partisan politics. No member of the military shall engage, directly or indirectly, in any partisan political activity,
except to vote.
(4) No member of the armed forces in the active service shall, at any time, be appointed or designated in any capacity to a civilian position in the
Government, including government-owned or controlled corporations or any of their subsidiaries.
(5) Laws on retirement of military officers shall not allow extension of their service.
(6) The officers and men of the regular force of the armed forces shall be recruited proportionately from all provinces and cities as far as
practicable.
(7) The tour of duty of the Chief of Staff of the armed forces shall not exceed three years. However, in times of war or other national emergency
declared by the Congress, the President may extend such tour of duty.

Section 6. The State shall establish and maintain one police force, which shall be national in scope and civilian in character, to be administered
and controlled by a national police commission. The authority of local executives over the police units in their jurisdiction shall be provided by law.
 Section 7. The State shall provide immediate and adequate care, benefits, and other forms of assistance to war veterans and veterans of military
campaigns, their surviving spouses and orphans. Funds shall be provided therefor and due consideration shall be given them in the disposition of
agricultural lands of the public domain and, in appropriate cases, in the utilization of natural resources.

Section 8. The State shall, from time to time, review to increase the pensions and other benefits due to retirees of both the government and the
private sectors.
Section 9. The State shall protect consumers from trade malpractices and from substandard or hazardous products.
Section 10. The State shall provide the policy environment for the full development of Filipino capability and the emergence of communication
structures suitable to the needs and aspirations of the nation and the balanced flow of information into, out of, and across the country, in accordance with
a policy that respects the freedom of speech and of the press.

Section 11. (1) The ownership and management of mass media shall be limited to citizens of the Philippines, or to corporations, cooperatives or
associations, wholly-owned and managed by such citizens.
The Congress shall regulate or prohibit monopolies in commercial mass media when the public interest so requires. No combinations in restraint of trade
or unfair competition therein shall be allowed.
(2) The advertising industry is impressed with public interest, and shall be regulated by law for the protection of consumers and the promotion
of the general welfare.
Only Filipino citizens or corporations or associations at least seventy per centum of the capital of which is owned by such citizens shall be allowed to
engage in the advertising industry.
The participation of foreign investors in the governing body of entities in such industry shall be limited to their proportionate share in the capital thereof,
and all the executive and managing officers of such entities must be citizens of the Philippines.

Section 12. The Congress may create a consultative body to advise the President on policies affecting indigenous cultural communities, the
majority of the members of which shall come from such communities.

CHAPTER 6
Armed Forces of the Philippines

SECTION 33. Functions.—The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) shall:

(1) Uphold the sovereignty, support the Constitution, and defend the territory of the Republic of the Philippines against all enemies, foreign and
domestic;
(2) Promote and advance the national aims, goals, interests and policies;
(3) Plan, organize, maintain, develop and deploy its regular and citizen reserve forces for national security; and
(4) Perform such other functions as may be provided by law or assigned by higher authorities.

SECTION 34. Composition.—

(1) The AFP shall be composed of a citizen armed force which shall undergo military training and serve, as may be provided by law. It shall be
organized and maintained in a manner that shall render it capable of rapid expansion from a peacetime organization to a wartime or emergency
organization. The AFP shall keep a regular force necessary for the security of the State. The officers and men of the regular force shall be recruited
proportionately from all provinces and cities as far as practicable.
(2) The Standing Force shall be composed of regular officers and enlisted personnel; reservists called to active duty; draftees; trainees and
government-sponsored Filipino cadets enrolled in local or foreign military schools. In time of peace, the size and composition of the Standing Force shall be
prescribed by the Secretary of National Defense, upon recommendation of the Chief of Staff.
(3) The Citizen Armed Force shall be composed of all reservists, and officers and enlisted men on inactive status. All able-bodied citizens shall
undergo military training, after which they shall become reservists with appropriate ranks. All reservists in a particular locality shall be organized into
reserve geographical units subject to call and mobilization as the need arises, individually or as a unit. The Secretary of National Defense shall prescribe
and implement a continuing program of recruitment and training for the Citizen Armed Force to enable it to respond to all types of threats to national
security.

SECTION 35. Organizational Structure.—The AFP shall consist of the General Headquarters; the Major Services namely: the Philippine Army, the
Philippine Air Force, the Philippine Navy and, until otherwise provided by law, the Philippine Constabulary; and other existing units, services and commands
of the AFP. The Secretary of National Defense may, in accordance with the policies or directives of the President, create additional units, services and
commands, or reorganize the AFP in response to any situation or in pursuance of operational or contingency plans. No Major Service may be unfilled,
inactivated or merged with another Major Service, without the approval of the Congress.

SECTION 36. Basic, Technical and Administrative Service.—

(1) The basic services of the AFP shall be composed of the major services. Enlisted personnel of the standing force and the reserve force must
belong to one of the basic services.
(2) The technical services of the AFP shall be composed of Medical Corps, Dental Service, Nurse Corps, Veterinary Corps and the Judge Advocate
General Service.
(3) The administrative service shall consist of the Chaplain Service, Women Auxiliary Corps, Medical Administrative Corps and the Corps of
Professors.
(4) Appropriate military occupational specialties may be prescribed by the Chief of Staff for each of the basic, technical and administrative
services.
(5) Appointment of officers to the basic, technical and administrative services, and enlisted in the basic service shall be governed by rules and
regulations prescribed by the Secretary of National Defense.

SECTION 37. The Citizen Armed Force.—(1) The Secretary of National Defense shall cause the organization of the Citizen Armed Force into
Geographical Units throughout the country. The Citizen Armed Force Geographical Units shall consist of cadre of officers and men in the Standing Force and
all qualified reservists residing in a particular locality. The cadre may, however, be assigned to another unit in the active force while the Geographical Units
to which they are assigned are on inactive status.
 (2) Whenever dictated by military necessity, and upon the recommendation of the Secretary of National Defense and approved by the President,
the Citizen Armed Force may be called or mobilized to complement the operations of the regular force of the AFP or to support the regular force
formations or units. For this purpose, Active Auxiliary Units which shall be part of the Citizen Armed Force Geographical Units, may be utilized, to be
constituted out of volunteers to be screened in consultations with the local executives and civic business leaders. The status of Active Auxiliary Units shall
be of a degree of activation of military reservists short of full active duty status. They shall not be vested with law-enforcement or police functions.
(3) All members of the Citizen Armed Force on training or service shall be subject to military law and the Articles of War.

SECTION 38. Tactical and Territorial Organization.—Unless otherwise prescribed by law, the major services and other units of the AFP may be
organized into such commands, forces and organizations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of National Defense. For this purpose, the territory of the
Philippines may be divided into such tactical and geographical areas and zones or regions and districts as the Secretary of National Defense may direct.
SECTION 39. Organizational Principles.—The organizational structure of the AFP shall provide for:
(1) Centralized direction and control of General Headquarters to insure unity and coordination of efforts throughout the military establishment;
(2) Decentralized execution of operations to the Major Services and other separate units to achieve maximum operational efficiency within the
military establishment;
(3) Common doctrine, standardized procedures and techniques throughout the military
establishment to assure common understanding among all its forces and elements, facilitating
thereby the attainment of maximum operational efficiency and effectiveness;
(4) Development of self-reliance concepts for each Major Service to insure national defense and security and maximum utilization of resources;
and
(5) Development of the capability to participate in the infrastructure projects of the government.

CHAPTER 7
General Headquarters

SECTION 40. Functions.—The General Headquarters, AFP, shall:

(1) Serve as military advisor and staff to the Secretary of National Defense;
(2) Prepare strategic plans and provide for the strategic direction of the AFP, including the direction of operations of unified or specified
commands;
(3) Prepare integrated logistic responsibilities in accordance with those plans;
(4) Prepare integrated plans for military mobilization;
(5) Provide adequate, timely and reliable joint intelligence for use within the Department;
(6) Review major personnel, material and logistic requirements of the AFP in relation to strategic and logistic plans;
(7) Review plans and programs of the Major Services and separate units to determine their adequacy, feasibility and suitability for the
performance of their respective detailed plans;
(8) Participate in the preparation of combined plans or military action in conjunction with the armed forces of other nations;
(9) Recommend to the Secretary of National Defense the establishment and force structure of unified or specified commands;
(10) Determine the headquarters support, such as facilities, personnel and communications required by unified or specified commands, and
assign the responsibility of providing that support to appropriate Major Services;
(11) Prepare and submit to the Secretary of National Defense for his consideration in the preparation of budgets and statements of military
requirements based upon strategic war plans, tasks, priority of tasks, force requirements, and general strategic guidance for the development of military
force;
(12) Advise and assist the Secretary of National Defense on research and engineering matters by submitting periodic reports on board strategic
guidance, overall military requirements, and relative military importance of development activities to meet the needs of the AFP;
(13) Prepare and submit to the Secretary of National Defense recommendations to appropriate agencies concerning general strategic guidance
for the development of industrial mobilization programs;
(14) Formulate policies and guidelines on the organization of the Major Services and other elements of the military establishment, the training of
military forces, the employment of forces in the prosecution of tasks required by law, and the employment of forces to assist government agencies in the
implementation of laws and regulations when so directed by higher authorities; and
(15) Perform such other functions as may be provided by law or assigned by higher authorities.

SECTION 41. Composition.—The General Headquarters shall be the command and control element of the AFP. It shall be composed of the Office of
the Chief of Staff, Office of the ViceChief of Staff, the AFP General Staff, and other staff offices and units necessary for effective command and control of
the AFP.

SECTION 42. The Chief of Staff.—(1) The Chief of Staff, under the authority and direction of the President and the Secretary of National Defense
shall be responsible for the development and execution of the national defense programs and armed forces mission; and prescribe, in accordance with
policies of the Secretary of National Defense, the organization, powers, functions and duties of the various staffs, services, installations and other units of
the AFP.
(2) The President shall nominate and with the consent of the Commission on Appointments, appoint the Chief of Staff from among the general and
flag officers of the basic services. He shall hold the grade of general (Four-Star) and shall if eligible be retired in such a grade, upon relief from his
assignment.
(3) The tour of duty of the Chief of Staff shall not exceed three (3) years. However, in times of war or other national emergency declared by the
Congress, the President may extend such tour of duty.

SECTION 43. Vice-Chief of Staff.—The Vice-Chief of Staff shall be the principal assistant of the Chief of Staff and shall perform the functions of
the Chief of Staff during the latter’s absence or disability. He shall be appointed in the same manner as the Chief of Staff and shall hold the grade of
Lieutenant General (Three-Star). He shall be retired in that grade if eligible for retirement after his relief from his assignment, unless appointed as Chief of
Staff.

SECTION 44. The AFP General Staff.—The AFP General Staff shall advise and assist the Chief of Staff in the performance of his functions and in
the accomplishment of the tasks of the General Headquarters. It shall be headed by the Deputy Chief of Staff, who shall be appointed by the Chief of Staff.
The AFP General Staff shall be a joint staff. The various General Staff Offices shall each be headed by a Deputy Chief of Staff whose appointment and tenure
shall be determined by the Chief of Staff. The organization, functions and duties of the General Staff shall be prescribed by the Chief of Staff.

SECTION 45. Authority to Reorganize the General Headquarters.—(1) The Secretary of National Defense, upon recommendation of the Chief of
Staff in the interest of efficiency and economy, may:
(a) Establish and organize staffs, offices and units in the General Headquarters in addition to the Armed Forces General Staff, and prescribe the
titles, functions and duties of their members;
(b) Abolish existing staffs, offices and units in the General Headquarters not specifically provided in this Chapter or by any other provision of law,
or transfer or consolidate their functions and duties with other staffs, offices or units; and
(c) Abolish the position of any Deputy Chief of Staff or any general staff office and transfer or consolidate its functions and duties with those of
another Deputy Chief of Staff or General Staff Office.
(2) If the President does not prescribe otherwise, the organization, functions, and duties of various staffs, offices and units in the General
Headquarters shall continue as provided under existing laws and regulations not in conflict with provisions of this Chapter.

CHAPTER 8
Major Services
SECTION 46. Organization.—The Major Services shall be organized by the Chief of Staff in accordance with the policies laid down by the
Secretary of National Defense. The commanders of the Major Services shall hold such grade as provided by law, and shall be appointed by the President
upon the recommendation of the Secretary of National Defense.

SECTION 47. General Provisions.—The Secretary of National Defense, upon recommendation of the Chief of Staff, AFP, shall assign to the Major
Services specific functions in support of the overall responsibilities of the AFP and the Department.

SECTION 48. The Philippine Army.—The Philippine Army shall be responsible for the conduct of operations on land, in coordination with the other
Major Services. It shall be organized as prescribed by the Secretary of National Defense, upon recommendation of the Chief of Staff.

SECTION 49. Functions.—The Philippine Army shall:

(1) Organize, train and equip forces for the conduct of prompt and sustained operations
on land;
(2) Prepare such units as may be necessary for the effective prosecution of the national defense plans and programs and armed forces
missions, including the expansion of the peacetime army component to meet any emergency;
(3) Develop, in coordination with the other Major Services, tactics, techniques and equipment of interest to the army for field operations;
(4) Organize, train and equip all army reserve units; and
(5) Perform such other functions as may be provided by law or assigned by higher authorities.

SECTION 50. The Philippine Air Force.—The Philippine Air Force shall be responsible for the air defense of the Philippines. It shall be organized as
prescribed by the Secretary of National Defense, upon recommendation of the Chief of Staff.

SECTION 51. Functions.—The Philippine Air Force shall:

(1) Organize, train, and equip forces for prompt and sustained air operations for the defense of the Philippines;
(2) Organize, train, and equip for airlift, airborne and tactical air operations unilaterally or in coordination with surface forces;
(3) Formulate and develop doctrines, concepts, systems, policies, procedures, strategies, tactics and techniques for operations peculiar to the
Air Force;
(4) Organize, train, and equip all air force reserve units; and
(5) Perform such other functions as may be provided by law or assigned by higher authorities.

SECTION 52. The Philippine Navy.—The Philippine Navy shall be responsible for the naval
defense of the Philippines. It shall be organized as prescribed by the Secretary of National Defense, upon recommendation of the Chief of Staff.

SECTION 53. Functions.—The Philippine Navy shall:

(1) Organize, train and equip forces for prompt and sustained naval operations;
(2) Prepare the necessary naval units for the effective enforcement of all applicable laws upon the Philippine seas and waters, the prosecution of
national defense plans and programs and armed forces missions, including the expansion of a peacetime navy component to meet any emergency;
(3) Formulate and develop doctrines, concepts, systems, policies, procedures, strategies, tactics and techniques for operations peculiar to the
Navy;
(4) Enforce laws and regulations pertaining to navigation safety of life at sea, immigration, customs revenues, narcotics, quarantine, fishing and
neutrality of the territorial contiguous waters of the Philippines;
(5) Organize, train and equip all naval reserve units; and
(6) Perform such other functions as may be provided by law of assigned by higher authorities.

SECTION 54. The Philippine Coast Guard.—The Philippine Coast Guard shall remain as a major subordinate unit of the Philippine Navy and
assigned functions pertaining to safety of life at sea as vested in it by law.

SECTION 55. The Philippine Constabulary.—Unless otherwise provided by law, the Philippine Constabulary, as the national police force, shall be
primarily responsible for the preservation of peace and order and the enforcement of laws throughout the Philippines. It shall be organized, trained and
equipped primarily as a law enforcement agency. It shall be organized as prescribed by the Secretary of National Defense upon recommendation of the
Chief of Staff.

SECTION 56. Functions.—(1) The Philippine Constabulary shall:

(a) Prevent and suppress lawless violence, rebellion, insurrection, riots, brigandage, breaches of the peace and other disturbances, and see to it
that perpetrators of those offenses are brought to justice;
 (b) Organize, train, equip and prepare its forces for effective law enforcement operations and police duties;
(c) Organize, train and equip constabulary draftees, reservists and reserve units;
(d) Develop tactics, techniques, organization, weapons, equipment and supplies essential to the accomplishment of its missions; and
(e) Perform such other functions as may be provided by law or assigned by higher authorities.

(2) In times of war or national emergency, the Philippine Constabulary or any of its subordinate units may be employed jointly with, or in support
of the operations of, the other Major Services, as the President may direct.

SECTION 57. Authority of Constabulary Officers and Enlisted Personnel.—(1) Commissioned officers and enlisted personnel of the Philippine
Constabulary, as peace officers, shall execute lawful warrants and orders of arrest issued against any person for any violation of law.

(2) The Philippine Constabulary shall have police jurisdiction throughout the Philippines.
(3) When the constabulary forces in any area are unable to cope effectively with violations of law, the Secretary of National Defense in
accordance with the policies or directives of the President, may assign or detail commissioned officers and enlisted personnel of the Army, Air Force, or
Navy, to the Philippine Constabulary or any of its subordinate units. The officers and enlisted personnel so assigned or detailed shall have the authority and
duties of peace officers and shall be governed by the provisions of this section for the duration of their assignment or detail.

AFP ORGANIZATION
The National Defense act, as amended, is the statutory basis for the organization and the administration of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
The President is the Commander In-Chief of the AFP. He exercises supervision over the Armed Forces through the Secretary of National Defense, who also
represents him in the executive function and in the supervision of the Defense Program of the country.

The Chief of Staff, AFP, executes the command functions of the President in relation to strategy, tactics and operations. The Chief of Staff is also
the immediate adviser of the Secretary of National Defense and is responsible for the development and the execution of the Secretary of National Defense
Program as prescribe by the Secretary of National Defense. The Chief of Staff has command and control over all the elements of the AFP. The Vice Chief of
Staff who is designated by the President, assist the Chief of Staff in the performance of his functions and take over his duties during his absence or
inability. On the other hand, the Deputy Chief of Staff, exercises general supervision over the general Special Administrative and Technical Staff and Major
Services.

A. MISSION OF THE AFP

Following are the mission of the Armed Forces of the Philippines:

1. To uphold the sovereignty, support the constitution and employment of its regular and citizen reserve forces for national
defend the territory of the Republic of the Philippines security.
against all enemies foreign and domestic. 4. To perform such other functions as the President may
2. To advance the national aims and policies. direct.
3. To effectively plan for the organization, maintenance,
development and

THE COMMANDER AND STAFF

B. COMPONENT OF THE COMMANDER

The commander alone is responsible for all that his unit does or fails to do. He cannot delegate this responsibility. The final responsibility
remains with the commander the successful commander will delegate authority and foster an organizational climate of mutual trust. Cooperation and team
work. He also will promote an understanding of procedures and a common basis for action at all levels of his command.
The commander discharge his responsibilities through an established organization of command delegations called a chain, the commander holds
each subordinate commander responsible for all that the subordinate unit does or fails to do.
All orders from a higher commander to a subordinate unit are issued by the commander or the highest unit to the commander of the next
subordinate unit.
Intermediate commander are by passed only as an exception in urgent situation. In such instances, both the commander receiving the order
should notify intermediate commanders of its content as possible.
When a superior in the chain of command assigns a subordinate a mission. He also delegates the necessary authority for the subordinate to
accomplish the mission. Command responsibility works In two direction. While the commander is responsibility to his subordinates. Having delegated
authority to his subordinates, the commander must provide them with the necessary guidance, resources (including time) and support needed to
accomplish their mission. However, the superior retains overall responsibility for the accomplishment of the mission.

COMPONENT OF THE AFP

As provided for in the National Defense Act, as amended, the Armed Forces of the Philippines shall be composed of the Regular Force and
Reserve Force components.

1. The Regular Force is the permanent military organization which is

maintained in the time of peace and war. IN time of peace, the authorized active commissioned officer and enlisted personnel of the Regular Force is
determined every year by the annual general and special. Appropriation Act. This strength however, does not only include those officers and EP who are
permanently commissioned or serving under voluntary enlistment in the Regular Force, but also those officer and reservist assigned for duty with the
different services of the Regular Force.

2. The Reservist Force is the military organization that will come to physical
existence only upon mobilization as may be called upon by the Commander-in-Chief due to state of national emergency such as war or widespread
disorder. Units of the Reserved Force are “paper” organizations which come to being to augment the Regular Force in comforting the threat to the Nation.
The Reserved Force Organization includes the commissioned Reserved Officers and all citizens who have completed the prescribed trainee instructions as
provided by the National Defense Act and who are assigned as reservists to the organizations of the Reserved Force.

C. THE ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES

The Armed Forces includes the General Headquarter, a number of AFP-Wide Support and separate Units and the Major Services namely the
Philippine Army, the Philippine Air Force and the Philippine Navy. IN line the accepted concept of the civilian authority over the military and as provided in
our Constitution, the President is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. The President exercises strategic direction through the
Minister of Defense and exercises command through the chief of staff, AFP who directly represents him.

D. THE GENERAL HEADQUARTERS

1. The Chief of Staff AFP. The CSAFP is the highest military officer in the AFP. Being the Commanding General of the AFP, he exercises
command over all element of the organization. He executes the Presidents command functions in relation to military strategy, tactics and operations and
acts as the immediate adviser of the Secretary of National Defense on national defense programs.

2. The Vice Chief of Staff, AFP. The Deputy Commanding General of the AFP is known and designated as the Vice Chief of Staff, AFP (VSCAFP)
and He assist the Chief of Staff and performs his functions in his absence.

3. The Deputy Chief of Staff, AFP. The DCSAFP is designated by the CSAFP and he exercises general supervision over the Joint Staff and
Special Staff (Administrative and Technical). The executive officer of the CSAFP, VCSAFP and DSCAFP is the Secretary to the Joint Staff, AFP (SJSAFP).

4. The Joint Staff, AFP. The general staff of the AFP is known as the Joint Staff, AFP (JSAFP). It is composed of CSAFP, the VCSAFP, and the heads
of the Joint Staff Divisions. Following are heads of the different Joint Staff Divisions:
a. The Deputy Chief of Staff for personnel and g. The Deputy Chief of Staff for Civil Military
Administration, J-1. Operations, J-7.
b. The Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence,J-2. h. The Deputy Chief of Staff for Education and
c. The Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations, Training Training, J-8.
or Organization, J-3. i. The Deputy Chief of Staff for Material
d. The Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistic, J-4. Development, J-9.
e. The Deputy of Staff for Plans, J-5. j. The Deputy Chief of Staff for Retiree and Reservist
f. The Deputy Chief of Staff for Comptrollership,J-6. Affairs, J-10.

5. The Special Staff. The special Staff of the AFP is consisting of two staff groups which advise the CSAFP on matters pertaining to their specialized
field of service or activity.
a. The Administrative Staff:
1. The Inspector General (TIG) 6. The Chief Provost Marshall General (TCPMG)
2. The Adjutant General (TAG) 7. The Chief Special Service (TCSPS)
3. The Judge Advocate General (TJAG) 8. The Chief Historical Activities (TCHA)
4. The Chief Chaplain Service (TCCHS) 9. The Chief Doctrines Development (TCDD)
5. The Chief Finance Service (TCFS)
b. The Technical Staff:

1. The Chief of Engineers (TCE) 4. The Chief Communication Electronics Service (TCC-ES)
2. The Chief Ordnance Service and Chemical Service 5. The Surgeon General (TSG)
(TCOCS) 6. The Chief Dental Service (TCDS)
3. The Quartermaster General (TQMG) 7. The Chief Nurse (TCN)

E .THE AFP WIDE SUPPORT AND SEPARATE UNITS:

1. AFP Logistics Command (AFPLC) 10. AFP Dental Center (AFPDC)
2. Intelligence Service AFP (ISAFP) 11. AFP Composite Military Police Brigade (AFPCMPB)
3. AFP Medical Center (AFPMC) 12. AFP Commissary and Exchange Service (AFPCES)
4. Philippine Military Academy (PMA) 13. AFP Mapping Center (AFPMC)
5. AFP Command and General Staff College (AFPCGSC) 14. Civil Relation Service AFP (AFPCRS)
6. AFP Communications Electronic Group (AFPCEG) 15. AFP Computer System command (AFPCSC)
7. AFP Centralized Construction Center (AFPCCC) 16. AFP Training Command (AFPTRACOM)
8. AFP Research and Development Center (AFPRDC)
9. AFP Finance Center (AFPFC)
F. THE AFP AREA COMMANDS:
1. Northern Luzon Command (NOLCOM) 4. Western Command (WESCOM)
2. Southern Luzon Command (SOLCOM) 5. East Mindanao Command (EASTMINCOM)
3. Central Command CENTCOM 6. Western Mindanao Command (WESMINCOM)

G. THE THREE (3) MAJOR SERVICES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS:

1. THE PHILIPPINE ARMY:

Is responsible for the preparation of land forces necessary for the effective
prosecution of war except as otherwise assigned and in accordance with integrated mobilization plans for expansion of the peace time components of the
Army to meet the needs of war. The Philippine Army has the following functions:
a. To organize, train and equip army forces for the conduct of prompt and
sustained combat operations on land – especially forces to defeat enemy land forces and to seize, occupy and defend land areas.
b. To develop doctrine, procedures, tactics and techniques, organization
and equipment peculiar to the Army for un-service operations.
c. To develop in coordination with other major services, doctrines,
procedures, tactics, and techniques and equipment of interest to the Army for joint operations.
d. To provide and organization capable of furnishing adequate, timely and
reliable intelligence for the Army.
e. To organize, train, and equip all Army reserve units.
f. To perform such other task functions as the President may direct.

2. PHILIPPINE AIR FORCE:

Is responsible for the preparation of air forces necessary for the effective
prosecution of war except as otherwise assigned in accordance with integrated mobilization plans, for the expansion of the peacetime components of the
Air Force to meet the needs of war. The Philippine Air Force’s primary functions are:
a. To organize, train and equip air forces for prompt and sustained operations in the
air, especially forces to defend the Philippines against air attacks, to gain and maintain air superiority and to control vital air areas.
b. To organize, train and equip Air Forces, forces for close support of surface forces.
c. To develop doctrines, procedures, tactics and techniques, organization and
equipment peculiar to the Air Forces for un-service operation.
d. To develop in coordination with the other major services, doctrines, procedures,
tactics and techniques and equipment of interest to the Air Forces for joint operation.
e. To provide an organization capable of furnishing adequate, timely and reliable
intelligence for the Air Forces,

3. THE PHILIPPINE NAVY

The Philippine navy is responsible for the preparation of Navy Forces effective for
prosecution of war except as otherwise assigned, in accordance with integration mobilization plans for the expansion for the peacetime components of the
Navy to meet the needs of war.

a. Function of the Philippine Navy:

1. To organize, train, equip, maintain and operate naval air crafts, necessary to
provide water borne support to assistance required of the AFP in the accomplishment of its mission.
2. To assist the proper government agencies in the enforcement of the Laws and
regulation pertaining to navigation, immigration, custom revenue, opium, quarantine, fishing and neutrality in the territorial and contiguous waters of the
Philippines Archipelago.
3. To develop doctrine, procedure, tactics and techniques, organization and
equipment peculiar to the Navy for unit-service operations.
4. To develop, in coordination with the other major service, doctrines procedure,
tactics and techniques and equipment and interest to the reconnaissance, anti submarine welfare and protection of shipping.
5. To perform such as other function the President may direct.

b. Operation of the Philippine Navy. The Philippine Fleet, the Philippine Coast guard
and the Philippine Marines are the operating forces of the Philippine Navy. These forces are the vital components of the Navy to accomplished its function
for naval defense, law enforcement and maintenance of peace and order, national development and country insurgency.
1. The Philippine Fleet. The core of Philippine Navy is the Philippine Navy fleet,
since the ships are assembled into a completely prepared and integrated systems to composed the fleet that is thoroughly and collective trained as the
naval fighting force. Its mission is to man, train and maintain operationally ready sub-surface, air and amphibious forces in order that they can be deployed
to conduct prompt operations, support of the National Interest.
2. The Philippine Coast Guard – The mission of the Philippine Coast Guard is to
enforce or assist in to the enforcement of maritime laws, to promulgate and administered regulation for the safety of life and property at sea, and to
develop, ,establish, maintain and operate, with due to requirements of National Defense, aids to maritime navigation and sea rescue facilities.
3. The Philippine Maritime – The Philippine Maritime has the following mission:
a. To provides force of combined arms and to serve with the naval forces in the
conduct of such amphibious or special operations as may be essential to the prosecution of naval campaign.
b. To provides security abroad naval bases, vessels, stations and other
government installation.
c. To develop in coordination with other services of doctrine, tactics, techniques
and equipment by landing forces in amphibious operation.
d. To maintain a force in readiness for internal contingencies and fulfillment
commitments of the country.
e. To participate in socio –economic development and assist in time of national
calamities and disasters.
f. To perform such other duties as the Flag Officer in Command, Philippine
Navy may direct
 LESSON HANDOUT

Subject: CODE OF ETHICS

DEFINITION OF TERMS:

1. Code of Ethics – is systematic and collections or digest of all the morale, ethical and legal principles and with members of an institutions,
communism as profession freely and publicly live themselves in achieve their common role duty or purpose to society.
2. Value – is a quality of a person subject or action which as individual consistently considers professes in words and reflects in his life style
fulfilment of response to an Inner image/dream aspiration.
3. Preamble – The introduction that state the reason and intent of the code.
4. Professionalism – Expert application of knowledge and skills based on the scientific body of principles and knowledge governed by this code
ethics for accomplishment of the AFP mission.
5. Public Trust and Respect – Confidence and credibility.
6. National Territory – Geographical area belonging to our under jurisdiction of the republic of the Philippines.
7. Constitutional Mandate – Refers to the power and role specified by the constitution for AFP.
8. Sovereignty – Power autonomy and independence of a state.
9. National Authority – The completeness or individuals use and oneness of the nation.
10. Civilian Authority – The power and authority of the elected president to exercise command and control over all armed forces as commander in
chief.
11. Chain of Command – The flow of authority from the commander in chief down to the chief of staff AFP and to the lowest rank in the hierarchy
for effect control, supervision and authority of command as mandate by the constitution.
12. Tradition – are inherited principles, standard and practices that serve as the established guides for individuals or group. It is also accumulated
experience and deeds passed on from generation to generation both in memory and reality.
13. Custom – are accepted practice realized though continued usage that take the forces and effect of a command law.

PREAMBLE

We the members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, imploring enlightenment from Almighty God. In order to achieve and maintain a
professional organization, worthy of public trust and respect faithful to its constitutional mandate as the protector of the people the sovereignty of the
state, the democratic institutions and the integrity of the national territory freely and collectively commit ourselves as our way of life to abide by and
adhere to the provision of this of ethics which we hereby do ordain and promulgate.

ARTICLE I – IDENTITY

Section 1. Constitutional Mandate – The AFP recognizes the Constitution of the Republic as the legitimate expression of the people’s will. It is
mandated to serve and protect the people and secure the sovereignty of state and the integrity of its national territory from internal and external threats.
In view thereof, the AFP pledges allegiance to the Filipino People, adheres to the principle of supremacy and civilian authority over the military at all times
and vows to uphold and defend the constitution.

Section 2. Organization and Chain of Command – The AFP duty created by law as integral part of the Executive Branch of the Government. It is
well organized and disciplined body composed of a citizen arm forces necessary for the defense and security of the state. It is headed by the President as
the Commander – in – chief who exercise control, supervision and authority through a Chain of command headed by the Chief of Staff.

Section 3. Commitment, Measures and Standards – The AFP shall maintain a high level of credibility to gain the trust confidence and respect
of the Filipino People. It shall manifest a high level of competence and standard of performance in all its undertakings.

ARTICLE II – AFP HISTORY

Section 1. Historical Perspective – The AFP identities itself with the Filipino people’s historical struggle for freedom and justice and their
vigilance against any attempt to violate the country’s integrity and sovereignty. In retrospect, it recognizes the role of our forefathers as freedom fighters
and honors them for their democratic and nationalistic aspiration.

Section 2. Lesson Learned from the Dark Pages of AFP History – The AFP recognizes the resolves to correct, misdeeds of some of its
members who sacrificed national interest for individual gains, committed graft and corruption, perpetuated the III effects of martial law, including the
deteriorating effect of the AFP and national economy cause by the unsuccessful coup attempts which betrayed the AFP’S tradition of ethical and
professional conduct. These misdeeds tainted the good image of the organization. Therefore, the AFP recognizing these shortcomings and misdeeds vows to
evoke from its solidarity, to promote professionalism and to inculcate vigilance and preparedness against all threats to the Republic.

ARTICLE III – AFP CREED AND STAND ON BASIC ISSUES

Section 1. The AFP Core Values – the profession of arms, as noble calling, demands from its members not only specialized knowledge and skill but
also a distinct lifestyle governed by commonly held belief-system containing non-negotiable enduring core values of honor, loyalty, valor duty and solidarity.

WE THEREFORE EXPRESS THE FOLLOWING CREED:

1-1. We believe in honor as our crowning value as it is more precious than life itself. It hallmark of our military conduct which implies our clear
consciousness of personnel dignity and worth. To us honor means truthfulness, sincerity, honesty, uprightness, credibility and avoidance of deception, so
that out written word may be accepted without question.
 1-2. We believe in inflicting loyalty – our oath of office requires us to be loyal to our nation and to obey the mandate to support and defend
the constitution, we shall be obedient to the duly constituted political order. We shall support the Chain of Command and obey lawful orders of those legally
appointed over us.

1-3. We believe in valor as the power of strength, courage and ability to overcome fear to carry-our our mission and to accomplish what
seemingly impossible. To us, valor goes beyond the physical dimension of boldness and endurance to pain and hardships.

1-4. We believe in duty as the value of obedience and disciplined performance despite difficulty and danger. To us duty is personal act of
responsibility by accomplishing all assigned task to the fullest one’s capabilities, meeting all our willingness to sacrifice event it means giving up lives in
defense of our country.

1-5. We believe in solidarity for it is consolidating and integrating value to which all of us bind ourselves with the rest comrades-in-arms.
With it, we reject divisive fraternal organizations with the AFP.

Section 2. The AFP stand on basic Issues – The employment of the AFP in may areas of national concern which lie beyond the traditional
martial role of the organization in the country and abroad has ushered in a lot of misunderstandings and confusions not only in the mind of the soldier but
also in that ordinary citizens. It is therefore very necessary and important for the AFP to clearly define its stand on the following issues.

2.1. The AFP organization – shall be so designed, structured, staffed and manned as to be able to carry out its missions and functions
effectively though the optimum use of resources. It shall allow development and equipage of both active and reserve forces and greater involvement of the
citizenry not the defense of the state but also in civil assistance activities during disaster, calamities, and national emergencies.

2.2. Supremacy of Civilian Authority – The AFP shall uphold the supremacy of the civilian authority over the mil. The President as
Commander-in-Chief of all the armed forces shall exercise command and control over the armed forces. The AFP shall respect laws enacted by Congress,
enforce writs issued by the judiciary, carry out directives of the comelec under circumstances provided by law and subscribe to regulations enacted by the
Commission on Audit concerning the management of funds.

2.3. Chain of Command – The AFP shall follow the chain of command. Every officer and soldier shall obey the lawful orders of his
immediate officers. Anyone who shall refuse or fail to carry out a lawful order from the military chain of command shall be subjected to military discipline.

2.4. Military Leadership – The mil. Leadership shall have ability to influence members of the organization in the fulfillment of is roles,
obligations and functions, it shall a sincere concern towards the morale and welfare of the members. It shall also be credible and able to promote
opportunities for genuine reconciliation and solidarity for the sake of peace.

2.5. People’s support – The AFP firmly acknowledges people’s support as vital to achieving peace and order. Thus, it shall respect living
conditions, beliefs, way of life and totality of the environment of all sectors to ensure their acceptance of the AFP as their own.

2.6. National Development – The AFP shall be the people’s partner in development and progress.

2.7. Spiritual Life – AFP shall encourage the practice of one’s religious faith for the good of the service. The constitutional of the separation of
church and the state shall not only allow.

2.8. Social Justice – AFP shall subscribe to the promotion of social justice. It shall understand that the humanizations of laws, adoption of
legal measures towards equalization of social economic forces are means to maintain equilibrium of relationship in the community.

2.9. Human Rights – The AFP shall respect the inherent dignity of human being and his inalienable rights as contained in the “Universal
Declaration of Human Rights” and other declarations to which our country is a signatory. As such the AFP shall pledge itself to protect and promote these
rights.

2.10. Enemies of the State – The AFP shall consider as enemies of the state those who shall violate the sovereignty of the Philippines as an
independent and democratic state; those who shall subscribe the violence as means to achieve their ends and those who do not or adhere to the
internationally accepted principles of peace, equality, justice, freedom and friendship those who shall accept the supremacy of civilian authority over the
mil, those who shall dismember the country or any part thereof, those who shall foment chaos and disorder and obstruct the achievement of the common
good; those who shall engage in organized crimes that threaten the security of the state; and those who shall organize the populace for the purpose of
alienating their allegiants from the state.

2.11. Partisan Politics – The AFP recognizes the sanctity of its insulation from partisan politics.

2.12. Mass Media – The mass media is an effective vehicle of change and progress. The AFP shall maintain an “open-media policy”

2.13. Family Life – The AFP shall recognize that its members are human beings with the same family obligations as other people.

2.14. Democracy – The AFP adheres to the principle of democracy that the government is of the people, by the people and for the people.
The real power and authority in the government is of the people, by the people and for the people. The real power and authority in the governance of the
nation emanates from its citizens.

2.15. National Interest – Foremost in the mind of the AFP shall be realization that national interest serves the common good of the
citizenry.
 2.16. Peace – Peace is priceless gift to mankind which connotes freedom from any hostilities such as political, social and economic ills. It is
the tranquility. Orderliness and harmony among people base on justice.

2.17. War – War is defined as the use of organized military force by a state to achieve its ends against the physical opposition of a hostile
state or states.

2.18. Use of Armed Force – The AFP shall exercise the utmost restraint and precaution in the use of armed force to implement policies.
Honesty, uprightness, credibility and avoidance of deception, so that out written word may be accepted without question.

2.19. Principled Critiques/Cause-Oriented Groups – The AFP shall not stifle dissent or label the principled critiques and/or cause-
oriented groups as threats to national security and/or enemies of the state as dissent and opposition are important features to ensure a healthy and
dynamic democracy.

2.20 – Research and Technology – The AFP shall be the prime mover of research and technology in the manufacture of armaments and
electronic hardware, in aircraft and shipbuilding and full utilization of indigenous defense material based on our belief, a care and attitude in the
preservation, development protection of our natural resources.

ARTICLE IV – AFP MEMBERSHIP

Section 1. General Statement – The AFP members make the most important asset of all the organizations’ resources. Efforts shall, therefore,
be exerted to attract only the best qualified and most deserving in order to maintain high standards set forth in this code.

The AFP membership is composed of the Commissioned Officers and the Enlisted Personnel.

Section 2. Procurement System – The AFP shall adopt an efficient system of procurement that shall ensure uniform and strict
implementation of established policies and procedures in order to upgrade the quality of its members.

Section 3. Membership Qualifications the following shall be the minimum criteria in the selection of applications.

Sec. 3-1. Commissioned Officer – Grand by the President of the Philippines of commission and rank appropriate to his/her line and expertise
after meeting all the following requirements.

3-1.1 Must be a natural born citizen of good moral character, physically and mentally fit and within the age brackets by AFP regulations.
3-1.2 Must at least be a Baccalaureate Degree holder.
3-1.3 Must have gone thorough at least the basic commissioned officer’s training in any of the service schools here and abroad.
3-1.4 Must have attained an above-average IQ rating in the general military classification test prepared and administered in accordance
with AFP regulations.

Sec. 3-2. Enlisted Personnel

3-2.1 Must be natural born citizen of good moral character, physically and mentally fit, single and within the age bracket of from 18 – 26
years of age.
3-2.2 Must be at least a high school graduate
3-2.3 Must be attained an average IQ rating in the general military classifications test prepared and administered in accordance with AFP
regulations.
3-2.4 Must be of minimum height as set forth in AFP regulations.

ARTICLE V – MILITARY PROFESSIONALISM

Section 1. General Statement – The members of the AFP are public servants who are oath-bound to fulfill the lofty mandate of the constitution.
The peculiarity of military service, which requires the right to bear arms, calls for a corresponding assurance of professionalism from every military man.

Section 2. Professionalism – The expert application of specialized skills based on a organized body of knowledge and in accordance with laws
and Code of Ethics with the highest degree of excellence in the accomplishment of mission.

Section 3. Standard of Military Professionalism – every member of the AFP shall observe the following as guidelines of the discharge of their
official duties.

3.1. Standard of Loyalty – All military personnel shall be loyal and true to the Republic of the Philippines Constitution, the AFP and to the people at all
times. They shall obey the authorities and abide by laws, legal orders good morals, good costumes and promote order and public safety.

3.2. Standard of Competence – All military personnel must posses the knowledge, skill, physical attributes and character traits necessary for the
adequate performance of duty and accomplishment of mission.

3.3. Standard of Ethics – The military community is a part of a larger society – the Filipino society. Hence, every soldier must observe and conformed to
the accepted principles of right conduct being observed in the society of which is a part. Among these principles if right behaviour expected in the
Philippine society and other civilized societies are honesty, justice, truthfulness and concern to others.
3.4. Standard of Morals – Man is rational being. Man is also a moral being who is given the capacity to determine what is right and do it and what is wrong
and avoid it.

Section 4 – Unprofessional Acts – Behaviours that fall short of the professional standard set forth in this code are considered unprofessional acts,
especially the following constitute offences felling under this category.

4.1. Act of Disloyalty – acts or omissions betraying one’s faith, duty and commitment to God, country, people constitutional government, AFP chain of
command, unit and office of its mission, the following are examples:

4.1-1. Any form of cowardice, desertion, or abandonment of post, duty assignment without leave, and with the intent not to return for any reason or advising
or aiding to commit such acts.

4.1-2. Contempt or desertion by words or deeds towards the Commander in Chief and appropriate civilian authorities, one’s superior or non-commissioned
officer, neglects customary salute, displays other rudeness in the presence of a superior officer, draws or lifts any weapon against superior, wilfully
disobeys the lawful order of an NCO, uses threatening or insulting language.

4.1-3. Any attempt to create, or participate in any violent action against the duly constituted government, or its subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities,
or engaging in any mutiny or sedition of any company, party, post, camp, detachment.

4.1-4. Giving or attempting to give aid, protection, comport, information or any form of support to the enemy or his allies or fronts, such as when one
relieves the enemy with arms, ammunitions, supplies, money or other things.

4.1-5. Refusal executes duty or takes appropriate action during times of crisis such as siege uprising, mutiny.

4.2. Acts of Incompetence – Refer to the lack of the required knowledge skills, special attributes, and character traits necessary for the adequate
performance of the duty and accomplishment of mission. The following are the examples:
4.2-1 Failure to attain the minimum passing grade in any AFP training and education program.
4.2-2 Inability to meet the physical, mental, medical, and moral fitness test requirements of the service.
4.2-3 Apathy, indifference or half-heartedness towards duty and to the imprudent or negligent execution thereof.

Section 4.3 – United Acts – Refer to all acts of omissions which deviate from established and accepted ethical and moral standards of behaviour and
performance as sort forth in this code.

Ex: Arrogance words, allowing any wrong doing or irregularity in the military service, fornication-adultery,
concubenage, homosexuality, engaging in vices including but not limited executed gambling excessive drinking of liquor, use of prohibited drugs.

Section 4.4 – Corrupt Act – All acts or omissions described and characterized as crimes against public interest, public moral, property, chastity, civil
status of persons, and honor under the pertinent provision of the Revised Penal Code and those specifically mentioned in Republic Acts Nos. 3019 and 6713
and other special penal laws, including the Article of War.

Section 5. Penalties and Administrative Sanctions – The penalties for the foregoing disloyal, incompetent, unethical and corrupt acts mentioned in this
Code shall be those which are provided in the Revised Penal Code, the Articles of War.

ARTICLES VI – AFP CUSTOM AND TRADITION

Section 1. General Statement – the importance of customs and traditions to the AFP cannot over emphasized.

Section 2. Definition of Terms

2.1. Traditions – are inherited principles, standards and practices that serve as guide for individuals or groups.

2.2. Customs – are accepted practices realized through continued usage that the take force and effect of a common law.

Section 3. Military Traditions – The following are the significant military traditions:

3.1. Tradition of Valor – The Filipino soldiers have epitomized valor during their gallant defense of Tirad Pass, Battan, Corrigedor, and other
countless battles against foreign enemy forces.

3.2. Tradition of Duty – The Filipino soldier has exemplified himself throughout history as a dedicated public servant who performed his tasks
with a deep sense of responsibility and self-sacrifice by making himself if available at all times whenever situation demands.

3.3. Tradition of Honor – General Artemio Ricarte, the firs recognized Captain General, as well as the other founding fathers of the AFP during
those difficult times have exemplified the value of Honor by leading a life of personal dignity and self-worthy in time of peace or in war.

3.4. Tradition of Solidarity – The strongest, most enduring and powerful military tradition that bound the soldiers in oneness to the people they
serve.

3.5. Tradition of Loyalty – The Filipino soldier has held the respect of the nation by shedding blood and offering the supreme sacrifice in defense
of the country.
Section 4. Military Customs – The following are some of the significant customs in the AFP:

4.1. Salute – Men of arm have used some form of military salute as an exchange of greeting since the earliest times.

4.2 Rank has its privileges – Whenever a choice is to be made, such as selection of billets of quarters or electing means of transportation the
option of selection follows rank with senior given the privilege to select first.

4.3. Place of Honor – the place of honor is on the right. Accordingly, when a junior walks, rides, or sit with a senior he takes position abreast
and to the left of the senior.

4.4. Use of the word Sir – the word “SIR” is used in military conversation by the junior walks, rides, or sit with a senior he takes position
abreast and to the left of the senior.

ARTICLE VII – GENERAL PROVISIONS

Section 1. Legal Force – This code of ethics shall be guided by the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, article of War, Revised
Penal Code. R.A 6713 (Ethical Standards of Public Officials and Employees) R.A 3019 (Anti –Graft Practices Act), R.A. 6869 (Anti-Coup d’etat Act) and other
special laws.

Section 2. Moral Force – All members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines in the implementation of this code shall morally bound by the Divine Laws,
Oath of Office, AFP Customs and Traditions, AFP Code of Conduct.

Section. 3. Compliance - In order to ensure compliance with the provisions of this Code, the following shall be observed:

3.1. All members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines shall take upon themselves that the intent and spirit of this Code is upheld at all times.

3.2. Commanders shall set the example and' be responsible in the implementation of the Code.

3.3. There shall be an OESPA created to be headed by the Vice Commanders for the Maj Svcs, Dep Comdrs for the Area Comds and AFPWSSUs,
Asst Div Comdrs for the Inf Div, Bde Dep and Ex-O for the Inf Bdes, and Bn Ex-O for the Inf Bns or its equivalent in the Navy and Air Force to spearhead the
effective promotion of the program of action for the institutionalization of the Code.

3.4. The Chaplains, as advisers of Commanders on matters of morality and religious life, while setting the example, shall actively participate and
assist in the internalization of the Code.

3.5. All members of the AFP should take oath that they will abide by this Code and it shall form part of their military personnel file (MPF).

Section 4. Dissemination - The following shall be followed to ensure effective dissemination and inculcate awareness:

4.1. This Code shall be included in the curricula of all AFP courses and training programs including CAT and CMT/ROTC.

4.2. It shall be incorporated in the Constitution and by-laws of associations recognized within the AFP.
4.3. The entrance examination for prospective applicants of AFP membership, as well as, the AFP promotional examinations shall include
questions that shall enhance knowledge and appreciation of this Code to ensure sustained dissemination and promotion.

4.4. The provisions of this Code shall be taken up during TI & E sessions. Every member of the AFP shall sign a certification that he/she has read
and understood the provision of this Code every 11th day of October, which is AFPCOE Day. The certification will form part of his/her MPF.

4.5. Before any officer will be designated to occupy a key position, he/she should have undergone a seminar on the Code of Ethics.

4.6. Knowledge of the Code should be a requirement for promotion to the next higher grade for all officers and enlisted personnel.

Section 5. Functional Creed derived from this Code shall serve as a mode for implementation and better appreciation in respective fields of interest.

Section 6. Investigation Procedure - The following shall be followed to expedite the disposition of cases against violators of this Code:

6.1. All offenses committed by any person subject to military law shall be investigated and tried/proceeded against in accordance with the
provisions of A W 71, Sec. 35 (a) of the Manual for Courts-Martial and PDs 77 and 911.

6.2. If the offense referred to in the preceding paragraph is committed by any person subject to military law in conspiracy with any civilian, the
case of the civilian shall be segregated from his correspondent in accordance with the procedure prescribed in PD Nr. 1850, as amended, and its
implementing rules and regulations; provided, however, that if the civilian co-respondent waives the civil court jurisdiction, the Chief of Staff, AFP at his
own initiative or upon recommendation of the pre-trial investigating officer or by the court itself, shall secure the necessary Presidential waiver so that
the case of the civilian can be investigated and tried by the proper military court;
6.3. If the offense consists of acts and omissions which can be disposed administratively without the need of court-martial intervention, the
conduct of the investigation shall be that which is prescribed in AW 105, as amended, or in EO Nr. 337 dated 13 September 1988 or in the other pertinent
AFP rules and regulations whichever is applicable;
 6.4. f in the course of the investigation of the corrupt and unethical practice committed by any person subject to military law, it appears that his
commission of the offense resulted to his acquisition of property considered to have been unlawfully acquired as specified in RA 1379, the disposition of the
unlawfully acquired property shall be that which is prescribed in said law;

6.5. Notwithstanding the provision of the preceding paragraphs, in all cases filed with the Office of the Military Ombudsman, the conduct of
investigation shall be that which is prescribed in the Rules of Procedure of the Office of the Ombudsman.

6.6. Duty and Obligation of the Commanding Officer - If the offensemcommitted is punishable by not less than six (6) months imprisonment, it is
mandatory upon the Commanding Officer or in his absence his duly authorized representative to place the erring personnel of his command under arrest
or confinement for such period of time as may be deemed necessary but not to exceed the imposable penalty. In other cases, the Commanding Officer or
his duly authorized representative must be responsible for the appearance of the erring personnel before any authorities whenever his presence is
required. Failure on the part of the officer concerned to comply with his mandatory duty and obligation shall constitute either corrupt unethical practice or
obligation shall constitute either' corrupt unethical practice or act of incompetence for which he shall be dealt with accordingly.

6.7. Disposition of the Accused Awaiting Trial- Upon receipt by the convening authority of the written charges against the accused and to ensure
his appearance in court, it is mandatory for the said convening authority to assign to or place in confinement said accused in the place where the trial is to
be conducted, otherwise his non-compliance herewith shall be considered and dealt with in accordance with the preceding paragraph;

Section 7. Penalties and Administrative Sanctions - The penalties for the commission of acts/practices mentioned in this Code shall be that which is
provided for in the Revised Penal Code or in the Articles of War. If the offense is not punishable either under the Revised Penal Code or in the Articles of
War, then the penalties prescribed by the law violated shall be applied. For acts or omissions which merely require administrative sanctions, the applicable
punishments as provided for in A W 105, as amended, and the provisions of EO Nr 337, s-‘88 shall be applied.

Section 8. Amnesty or Compromise - In order to instill discipline and to serve as deterrence to would-be violators, commission of the acts/practices
mentioned in this Code are not subject to compromise, amicable settlement or amnesty. All defenders shall be investigated, prosecuted and punished if
found guilty in accordance with existing rules and regulations.

Section 9. Amendment - Any amendment to or revision of this code maybe proposed in a convention or committee formed for the purpose, the
representation or membership of which shall be taken from various branches of service or sectors of the AFP. No amendment shall be valid unless it is
ratified by the majority of the members of the AFP.

Section 10. Appropriations - The fund allocation necessary for the effective implementation of this Code shall be taken from appropriations of the Office
of Ethical Standards and Public Accountability (OESPA). Thereafter, such fund allocation as may be needed for its continued implementation shall be
included in the annual operating program and budget (OPB) of the Major Services.

Section 11. Public Accountability - A military member, aware of his responsibility to render just and fair service to the people and the state, shall adhere
to the Rule of Conscience and policy of transparency.

Section 12. Miscellaneous - There shall be a sustained effort to improve this Code of Ethics in the following functional areas of concern:

12.1. Research on alternative culture based on signs, symbols indigenous to the AFP customs and traditions.

12.2. Strengthen and reorient activities on historical recordings and interpretations of contemporary events.

12.3. A human resource development program shall be undertaken by the AFP to ensure strict compliance of values and standards of the AFP
among the members.

12.4. The organizational structures of the AFP shall reinforce values and standards of this Code.

12.5. Effective monitoring system shall be designed and institutionalized to improve personnel behavioural development and creed/core value
formation.

12.6. Research and development of ethical standards consistent to performance standards and professionalism shall be vigorously pursued.
12.7. In case of conflict in the execution of customs and traditions, the principle of functionality shall supersede formality and formality shall be
supportive of functionality.

12.8. The AFP shall continuously upgrade the criteria in the procurement of commissioned officers and maintain a single Seniority Lineal List by
major services and/or technical and administrative services as basis for promotion, schooling and assignment. Graduating students/cadets of
military/civilian training institutions preparing to apply for commission and other aspirants in the Armed Forces of the Philippines shall be required to take
the revised AFP Aptitude Test Battery to determine their suitability for commission.

12.9 The AFP Modernization Program shall be implemented consistent with the appropriate provisions of the AFP Code of Ethics.

Section 13. Separability Clauses - If any provision of this Code or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance is declared invalid. The
remainder of the Code or the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such declaration.

Section 14. Rescission - Existing rule: and regulations, procedures and policies shall be updated and harmonized with the spirit and intent of this Code.

Section 15. Effectivity - This Code shall be effective thirty (30) days after the ratification by the majority of all members of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines in a referendum called for this purpose, except provisions that will require relevant legislation.
 LESSON HANDOUT

Subject: INTERIOR GUARD DUTY

I. DEFINITION OF TERMS:

GUARD - A term used when referring to:

1. A special unit responsibilities to the Officer of the Day for the protection and security of an installation or area. This unit includes a
Commander of the Guard, Sergeant of the Guard, Commander of the Relief and the Guard.
2. An individual responsible to keep watch over, protect, shield, defend, warn or any duties prescribed by general orders. Also referred
to as Sentinel, Sentry or lookout.
3. SENTRY - A guard Sentinel or Lookout.
4. SENTINEL - An individual of the guards whose duties are prescribed by general or special orders. Also referred to as guard, sentry or
lookout.
5. OFFICERS OF THE DAY - An Officer acting directly under the commanding officer who is responsible on a given day for the execution
of all orders of the commanding officer relating to interior guard duty and other as maybe assigned.
6. COMMANDER OF THE GUARD - The senior officer or non-commissioned officer who is responsible for the instruction, discipline and
performance of duty of the guard. He is the member of the guard next junior to the Officer of the Day.
7. SERGEANT OF THE GUARD - The senior of non-commissioned officer of guard. He supervise the enlisted members of the guard and
responsible to the Commander of the Guard for the execution of all orders relating to the guard duties.
8. COMPANY - Includes battery, or any other similarly organized unit.
10. GUARD HOUSE - A building occupied by men detailed for interior guard duty. It might guard tent or any other designated location for
the headquarters for the guard.
11. CHALLENGE - The command “HALT” WHO IS THERE? Is used to cause an unidentified. If secret challenge is used, it follows the original
challenge and consists of a word or distinctive sound. Any process carries-out by one unit or person with the objects of ascertaining the friendly or hostile
character or identify of another.
12. PASSWORD - A word, or distinctive sound, used to answer a challenge identifies the person or party desiring to enter or pass and is
always secret.
13. COUNTERSSIGN - A countersign consist of a secret challenge and password. The words comprising the countersign are issued from
the principal headquarters of a command to aid guards and sentinels in their security of person who applies to pass the lines.
14. FIXED POST - A specific post with defined limits.
15. SENTINEL POST - An area for which the sentinel is responsible. Within his post a sentinel performs the duties required by general and
special order.
16. CONFINEMENT OFFICER - A Military police assigned to a stockade and charge with the security, administration, care, and custody of
all prison confined in the local stockade or hospital prisoner ward.
17. RELIEF - is the procedure whereby members of the post are relieved and members are posted in place.
18. RELEIVED – is to direct any members of the guard to cease performance of duty.

19. SENTRY - enlisted personnel assigned to duty as member of the guard to keep watch, maintain order, and protect property and given
alarm of any attack or disorders.
20. WATCH - is a period of time during which member of the guard performed the prescribed duties beginning when he is posted and
terminated his duties.
21. STOCKADE - A confinement facility under the jurisdiction of an installation commander, used for the confinement of the military
prisoners.

II. THE ORGANIZATION OF INTERIOR GUARDS

1. Officer of the Day (OD). 4.Corporal of the Guard COG)
2.Commander of the relief or Junior Officer of the Day (JOOD) 5.Sentries of Sentinel
3.Sergeant of the Guard (SOG)
NOTE: The strength of the interior guard varies the number of the post at a certain installation.

ARMS AND EQUIPMENT VARIES ACCORDING TO THEIR PARTICULAR DUTIES

Rifles (M16)
Carbines
Pistols
Shot Gun
Motor Vehicles

III. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBLITIES OF INTERIOR GUARD

Commanding Officer
1. Provide sentinel for security 3 .Received the report of the Officer of the Day.
2. Prescribe regulation and special order of the guard. 4. Supervise and inspect stockade prisoners.

Field Officer of the Day

1. Representative of the Commanding Office. 3. Conduct inspection for details.
2. Supervise the interior guard duties.

Officer of the Day

1. Responsible for the performance of the guard. 3. Signature of the guard report.
2. Protect life and properties in case of alarm. 4. Responsible for guard.
 Commander of the Relief
1. Responsible for instruction performance and discipline of the guard. Prepare the daily report card.
2. Responsible for the posting of relief at the proper time.
3. Form the reserve in case of alarm.

Sergeant of the Guard

1. Supervise the non-commissioned officer of the guard 3. Responsible for the posting of relief at the proper time.
2. Responsible for the cleanliness of the guard house and 4.From the guard in case of emergency
surroundings.
.

Corporal of the Guard

1. Assigned members of the guard to their post.
2. Report to the Sergeant of the guard all violation of orders and unusual incidents.
3. Post him at the guardhouse.
4. Awaken the next relief on time of relieving.
5. Examine persons halted or determined by the sentinel.

Sentinels
1. Memorize, understand and complied with the general order.
2. Memorize, understand and complied with special orders.

III. TYPE OF ORDERS FOR INTERIOR GUARD

1. General Orders - are orders applied to all sentries to the main and special guard.
2. Special Orders - are orders promulgated by the Commanding Officer prescribed the special Duties for the main and special guards.

IV. THE ELEVEN (11) GENERAL ORDERS

1. To take charge of this post all government properties and view.
2. To walk my post in a military manner keeping always on alert and observing everything that takes place within sight or hearing.
3. To report all violation of orders I am instructed to enforce.
4. To repeat all calls from post more distance from the guardhouse then my own.
5. To quit my post only when properly relieved.
6. To receive, obey and pass on the sentinel who relieved me all order from the Commanding Officer of the day and non-commissioned
Officer of the guard only.
7. To talk to no one except in line of duty.
8. To give the alarm in case of fire or disorder.
9. To call the commander of the relief in any case not covered by instruction.
10. To salute all officers and all colors and standard not case.
11. To be especially watchful at night and during the time for challenge all persons or near my post and to allow no one to pass without
proper authority.

IV. GUARD COMPOSITION

a. Interior Guard - An interior guard is detailed by the commanders of the military installation to preserve orders protect property and
enforce military regulation. The installation commander is responsible for the interior guard of the installation and he prescribed the composition of the
guard. When brigade and separate units are responsible for an interior guard with their own areas, their composition, duties and responsibilities are
similar to those outlined in this manual, Commanders’ of Unit furnishing personnel for guards are responsible to insure that these men are qualified or
familiar with the weapons they use on guard.

The interior guards may consist of the following elements;

1. The main guard, which is a combination of patrols and fixed post
2. The Special Guard which are used to protect parks, trains, boats, aircraft and other special purposes.

b. Exterior Guard - Are those guards whose duties and responsibilities are different from those set down for interior guard Exterior
guard is not as formal and restricted as interior guard. Classified as exterior guards lookout, listening post outpost specially designated patrols and other
guard in combat zone. Field training alerts, and guard outside the limits of military installation. The exterior guard performs their duties as prescribed by
special orders and instruction.

V. PROCEDURES FOR CHALLENGING AND REPLY WITH THE PASSWORD

When you are posted as sentry, you should report the situation on your post when you are inspected by officers or non –commissioned officers
of the guard. Likewise, you should know the proper procedure for challenging and reply for the password.

Reporting a sentry post – Report to your superior in this manner

“Sir, private _______ report in post number ______ is secure (Or you report anything that is not ordinary).
 Challenging one person.
MARINE SENTRY

a. To a person about to enter his post: “HALT, WHO GOES THERE?

b. The sentry orders the person forward: “ADVANCED, LT ROMAN TO BE RECOGNIZED”

c. When person are closed enough to be identified. The sentry commands: “HALT” (He does not recognized LT ROMAN)
d. The sentry will give the challenge in low voice: “PEPSI”
e. When the sentry has identified the person, he will permit him to proceed: “PASS SIR”

Person Challenged
a. Person halts immediately and answer: “LT ROMAN, THE OPERATION OFFICER”
b. The person will advance without giving any reply.
c. Person will halt on command and wait for further instructions.
d. The person challenge will give the reply in low voice: “SARSI”
e. Person will proceed when told to proceed.

Challenging a group.
SENTRY GROUP CHALLENGED
To a group of person about to enter, his Group will immediately halt and
Post “HALT, WHO GOES THERE” most senior will answer “LT LUCERO WITH PATROL”
Sentry will order the senior forward Person will advance without any reply.
Come forward to be recognized
“ADVANCE LT LUCERO TO BE RECOGNIZED” LT LUCERO will come forward then, he will be directed to
identify other members of his group
When LT LUCERO is close enough to The patrol will pass through post
Be identified, sentry will command
“ADVANCE THE PATROL TO
RECOGNIZED”
The sentry will halt, identify or control
the patrol as the situation demand.

VI. GUARD MOUNTING (INFORMAL)

SEQUENCE OF ACTIVITIES

A. The Sergeant of the Guard forms the guard by commanding HUMANAY. The relief commander Falls in so that the guard is there steps
in front and centered on the sergeant of the guard. Each relief forms at normal interval to the left of each respective commander, sentinels forms in the
order of their assigned post (one, two, three, etc) the sergeant of the guard orders inspection of arms by the commands SIYASAT TA, AGAP TA, BABA TA.

B. If an officer has been detailed as commander of the guard, the sergeant of the guard faces about and reports “Nandito na pong
lahat”. Salutes are exchange. After completing the report, the sergeant of the guard faces about, faces half right in marching a marches by the most
direct route to position directly behind the commander of their relief a normal distance.

C. If an officer has not been detailed as commander of the guard, the sergeant of the guard takes three (3) steps forward and assumes
the position of the commander of the guard.

D. When the officer of the day arrives, the commander of the guard reports: Nandito Na po lahat”. They exchange salutes.

E. Marching to center - The officer of the day commands PINUNO AT MGA KAWAL PUMAGITNA NA, KAD. On the command PUMAGITNA the
non-commissioned Officers (NCO) farthest to the rear commands the other NCOs SA KANANG BALIKAT, TA. On the command KAD the commander of the
guard. The NCO in the rear commands the other NCOs to halt and face to the right (at right shoulder arms) when they are centered on the commander of
the guard.

F. After the commander of the guard and the NCOs halt and are in position, the officer of the day Marches forward, halt at normal
distance in front of the commander of the guard and designate PINUNO NG TANOD. He then faces half right in marching and marches around and to the
near to the commander of the guard. He halts at normal distance in front of the right flank NCO and designated SARHENTO NG TANOD. He then faces half
right in marching takes two-step, halts, executes a left face, and designates PINUNO PANGALAWANG PAMALIT and PINUNO UNANG PAMALIT. He then faces
about, marches by most direct route to his post halts and faces about again. If an officer is not present as commander of the guard the officer of the day
designates the right flank NCO, PINUNO NG TANOD.

G. Return to post - the officer of the day commands SUMALUNAN. At this command, the commander of the guard and NCO face about,
march to their designated post, and halt without command. The sergeant of the guard commands the relief commander to BABA TA and HARAP SALIKOD,
NA. If an officer has not been detailed as commander of the guard the first relief commander gives these commands.

Inspection of Guards

1. The Officer of the day commands HUMANDA SA PAGSISIYASAT. At this command the commander of the guard without saluting faces about and
commands BUKANG TALUDTOD NA Ranks are opened and dressed. When the commander of the guard has taken his post, the officer of the day inspects the
guard.
 2. The officer of the day orders sentinel who are not presentable for guard to fall out and return to quarters, supernumeraries. If any, replace
the men who have fallen out.

3. After inspecting the guard, the officer of the day resumes his original position and commands DALHIN ANG MGA, TANOD SA BAHAY TANURAN.
Salutes are exchange. The commander of the guard faces to the left and commands LAPIT TALUDTOD, NA. He then moves to his position six steps in front of
and centered on the guard, faces the guard and commands HARAP SA KANAN, NA; KANANG balikat, ta. He positions himself at the head of the left file at
normal distance and marches the guard to the guardhouse.

4. Relieving the Old Guard - before the new guard arrives at the guardhouse, the old guard is formed in a line formation with two or
more relief. The commander of the guard position himself six steps in front of an centered on the guard. When the new guard six step from the left flank of
the old guard the commander of the new guard commands KANAN, TINGIN, TA. He faces back to the front and renders proper salutes. When the new guard
has cleared the right flank of the old guard, the commander of the new guard commands HANDA, HARAP. The commander of the old guard faces about,
commands BABA, TA. and faces back to the front.

5. Formation of the old Guard and New Guard at the Guardhouse - after the new guard executes HANDA, HARAP, and the commander of
the guard command KANANG PANIG, NA he position himself six steps in the rear of and centered on his guard. He halts the new guard when it is on line with
six steps to the right of the old guard. Then he command BABA, TA; HARAP SALIKOD, NA. The left flank man, first relief, verifies six steps interval; dress. He
aligns his guard.

6. Presenting New and Old Guard - when the new guard is in position, the commanders of both guards face about and command
TANGHAL, TA. Then the face each other and exchange salutes, face toward their respective guards, command BABA, TA, and face back to the front.

Presenting the Guards to the Officer of the Day;

1. After the new guard has been presented to the old guard, the new guard and old officers of the day take their position 18 steps in front
of and centered on their respective guards. Commanders both guards face about, command TANGHAL, TA; face back to the front and salute their
respective officers of the day.

2. After exchanging salute, both commanders face about, command BABA, TA. And face back to the front. When both have face back to
the front the officer of the day face each other and the new officer of the day salutes the old officer of the day. After saluting each other , both officers of
the day face their respective guards.

Disposition of the New and Old Guards

1. After both officers of the day have faced their guards, the new officer of the day commands ISALUNAN AND UNANG PAMALIT. The new
commander salutes the officer of the day, faces about and command TIWALAG. The guards reports to the guardhouse and commander of the guard for
instruction on posting his relief.

2. The old officer of the day commands TIWALAG, AND MGA TAN OD. The commander salutes the old officer of the day. Faces about and
commands PAHINGA. He then contacts the new commander and conveys any instruction.

a) If the old guard was finished from one company, the commander of the old guard marches the guard to the company area
and dismisses it by commanding SIYASAT, TA; AGAP, TA; TIWALAG.

b) If the guard was furnished from one company, the commander of the old guard marches the guard detail to the company
area and dismisses it, in accordance with the above.

c) After relieving the third of the old guard, the commander of the relief reports to commander of the guard. The commander
of the new guard inspects the relief order commander to march the relief to the company area and dismiss it. Salutes are exchanged.

VII. FORMAL GUARD MOUNTING

SEQUENCE OF THE ACTIVITIES

A. Assembly of Band - the band takes its place on the parade ground at a point where its left flanks is 12 steps to the right where of the
guard will be. When the adjutant is ensure that the guard is ready to march unto the parade ground, he signals the band to sound the adjutant call.

Assembly and forming the Guard:

1) The guard detail are formed as prescribed of informal guard mounting. When assembly Sounds, each guard detail is marched to the
point of assembly of the parade ground and is reported to the Sergeant of the Guard.

The Guard Details are assembled and formed into a platoon. If there are more than 14 men per rank the guard is divided into two
platoons.

2) The assistant sergeant of the guard takes his post three steps and centered on the second. The remaining NCOs if any, form on the
left flank to equalize the number of men in each rank. After the platoons are formed, the sergeant of the guards faces the guard to the right.
 Marching the Guard to the Parade Ground:

1) Upon the Adjutant’s Call the band plays march music. The Adjutant will the Sergeant major on his, marches forward on the first note of
the music.

2) The Sergeant of the Guard takes his post three steps to the left and centered on the Guard. He commands KANANG, BALIKAT, TA at the
first note of the Adjutant call and marches the guard in column unto the parade ground. He approaches the parade ground from direction near to the final
line, which the guard will form. He halts the guard when the head of column is 12 steps from the left flank of the band and centered on the Sergeant Major.
At this time the band stop playing. The sergeant of the guard faces to the right and, if appropriate commands BABA, TA; HARAP SA KALIWA, RAP.

Dressing of the Guard - The sergeant of the guard and the assistant of the guard, if there are two platoons dress the guard.

Sergeant of the Guard:

When the Sergeant of the Guard commands, HANDA, HARAP, the Commander of the guards takes a position six steps in the near in the right flank
man of the rear flank. (if there are two platoons, the assistant commander of the guard takes his post behind the second platoon in the same position as
prescribed for the commander of the guard). The Sergeant of the Guard faces about and reports the Sergeant Major Lahat po'’ SUMALUNAN. The Sergeant
of the Guard faces about, faces halt right in marching, and march to his post. He halts at normal distance directly behind the commander of the relief.
If an assistant sergeant of the guard is presented, he executes the movements cited above at the command SUMALUNAN and posts himself directly the
commander of the relief. The Sergeant of the Guard positions himself behind the assistant sergeant of the guard at a normal distance.

Sergeant Major’s Report

1) After commanding SUMALUNAN, the Sergeant Major faces about and reports to the Adjutant “Lahat, Po’y Narito “or”
___________________ and wala” They exchange salutes. The Sergeant Major faces about marches to his post and halts at normal interval to the left the left
flank men of the first rank of the second platoon.

2) When the Sergeant major has finished his report and has faced about, the commander of the guard marches his position in the rear of
the guard around its right flank to his six steps in front of and centered on the guard. If there are two platoons, the assistant commander of the guard if
present takes his post in front of the second platoon.

Marching

The Adjutant commands PINUNO (OR) MGA PINUNO) AT PINUNONG HINDI HIRANG, NA. The procedures for marching to center is the same as in
parade of informal Guard Mounting except that when there are two commanders of the guard, the senior is designated “Punong Tanod” and the junior
“Pangalawang Punong Tanod

LESSON HANDOUT

Subject: ROTC Legal Basis

1. RA 9163 – An act establishing the National Service Training Program (NSTP) for tertiary level student amending for the purpose RA
7077 and presidential decree 1706 and for other purposes, known as the National Service Training program (NSTP) act of 2001.

Sec. 2. Declaration of Policy

It is hereby affirmed the prime duty of the government to serve and protect its citizens. In turn, it shall be the responsibility of all the
citizens to defend the security of the State and in fulfillment thereof, the government may require each citizen to render personal, military or civic service.

Recognizing the youth’s vital role in nation-building, the State shall promote civic consciousness among the youth and shall develop
their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism, nationalism, and advance their involvement in
public and service affairs.

In pursuit of these goals, the youth, the most valuable source of the nation, shall be motivated, trained, organized and mobilized in
military training, literacy, civic welfare and other similar endeavors in the service of the nation. Sec. 3. Definition of Terms

a. “National Service training Program” (NSTP) is a program aimed at enhancing civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the
youth by developing the ethics of service patriotism while undergoing training in any of its three (3) program components. Its various components are
especially designed to enhance the youth’s active contribution to the general welfare.

b. Reserve Officers Training Corps” (ROTC) is a program institutionalized under Sec 38 and 39 of Rep Act No. 7077 designed to provide
military training to tertiary level students in order to motivate, train, organize and mobilize them for national defense preparedness.

c. “Literacy Training Service” is a program designed to train students to become teachers of literacy and numeric skill to school
children, out of school youth and other segments of society in need of their service.

d. “ Civic Welfare Training Service” refers to programs or activities contributory to the general welfare and to the betterment of life
for the members of the community or the enhancement of its facilities, especially those devoted to improving health, education, environment,
entrepreneurships, safety, recreation and morals of the citizenry.
“Program component” shall refer to the service components of the NSTP as enumerated in section 4 of this Act.
Sec. 4 Establishment of the National Service Training Program

There is herby established a National Service Training program (NSTP which shall form part of the curricula of all baccalaureate
degree courses of at least two (2) year technical-vocational courses and is a requisite for graduation, consisting of the following service component:

1. The Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) which is hereby made optional and voluntary upon the affectively of this Act.

2. The Literacy Training services and

3. Civic Welfare Training Service

The ROTC under the NSTP shall instill patriotism, moral, virtues, respect for rights for civilians and adherence to the
constitution among others. Citizenship training shall be given emphasis in all three (3) program components.

The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) in
consultation with the Department of National Defense (DND). Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUG). Coordinating Council of
Private Educational Associations of the Philippines (COCOPEA) and other concerned government agencies may design and implement such other program
and components as may be necessary in consonance with the provision of this Act.

Sec. 5 Coverage
Students, male and female of any baccalaureate degree course or at lest two year technical – vocational in public and private
educational institutions shall be required to complete one (1) of the STP components as requisite for graduation.

Sec. 6. Duration and Equivalent Courses Unit

Each of the aforementioned NSTP Program components shall be undertaken for an academic period of two (2) semesters.

In lieu of the two (2) semester program for any of the components of NSTP, a one (1) summer program may be designed, formulated
and adopted by the DND, CHED and TESDA.

1. Historical Mandate

ROTC Program was enacted under Commonwealth Act No. 1, otherwise known as the national Defense act of 1935.

<< Requires a compulsory military training for all college students

<< Implementing by the executive order no. 27 issued by president Manuel L. Quezon to prepare the youth for the defense of the State.

<< National Defense Act of 1935 was amended in 1990 by PD 1706 (National Service Law) which directs that military service will no longer be compulsory but
leaving the national service or training to be in effect.

<< Three components of National Service Program Military Service (MS) Civic Welfare Service (CWS) and Law enforcement Service (LES)

<< However, concerned agencies were not prepared to implement the CWS an LES components thus MS Program was the only program pursuant in colleges
and universities.

<< 1991, RA 7077 (AFP Reservist Act was enforced prescribing for a two 2) year ROTC Program as requirement for graduation to all tertiary level students.

<< 1994,tripartite committee was formed among DND, CHED, and DILG representatives modifying the traditional two (2) year ROTC Program into Expanded
ROTC Program which provide for a mandatory military training for the first curriculum year an option to pursue Military Service (MS) Civic Welfare Service
(CWS) or Law Enforcement Service (LES) on the second year.

<< SY 2000-2001 – the ardent clamor by some section to abolish the ROTC Program (NSTP) amending RA 7077 and PD 1706.

<< RA 9163 – National Service Training Program Act of 2001 was signed and approved by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on 23 January 2002 and
promulgated on 23 March 2002.

Legal Basis
Article ll of Philippines Constitution Declaration of Principles and State Policies

Section 4 – The prime duty of the government is to serve and protect the
People. The government may call upon the people to depend the state, and in the fulfillment thereof all citizens may be required under condition provided by
law, to render personal military or civil service.

Commonwealth Act No. 1 As Amended

 Section 5 – (Liability of Military Service) Title III (Military Service) Commonwealth Act No.1 as amended Provides that all Filipinos are liable to military
training.

Section 52 – (Military Training) Commonwealth Act. No. 1 As Amended provides that the obligation to undergo military training shall begin with
youth in school, commencing the age of 10 and shall extend through his schooling until he reaches the age of 21 years of age when he shall become subject
to service with the colors.If at 16 to 21 year of age, the youth is not attending any school or college he shall enter the junior reserve subject to the
exemption prescribed in Sec 87 of this Act. The training that he may undergo prior to the calendar year in which he attains 21 years of age shall be termed
“Preparatory military training”

Section 38 Article VII (Citizen Military Training) of Republic Act 7077 Provides:
ROTC – Military training for student in colleges, universities and similar institutions of learning is mandatory pursuant to the provisions of
National Defense Act and 1987 Constitution.

Section 39 Article II (Citizen Military Training) of Republic Act 7077 provides “Establishment of ROTC Unit In Schools. At such colleges,
universities and similar institutions of learning that request for the conduct of military training in their institutions, there shall be establishment and
maintained ROTC until as the Secretary of National Defense may approved which shall conduct military training for the students of such institutions for the
purpose of producing enlisted and officer reservist. The program of instruction shall be prescribed by the Secretary of National Defense may include
instruction to prepare female students for military service. Provided> that such course of institution shall not exceed two (2) academic years in case of
officer reservist which shall include as necessary summer or probationary training of not more than sixty (60) consecutive days.

The first two (2) years of training which is mandatory shall hereafter to, as basic ROTC the second two (2) years after said basic ROTC which is
voluntary, shall hereafter be referred to as advance ROTC. The allocation of ROTC until to the various major services of the AFP shall conform to the
projected manpower need of their respective reserve components.

Section 12. Implementing Rules – The DND,CHED and TESDA shall have the joint responsibility for the adoption of the implementing rules of this
act.
These three (3) agencies shall consult with other concerned government agencies, the PASUC, and COCOPEA, NGOs and recognized student
organization in drafting the implementing rules.

Broad Objective of ROTC Program Component

1. To prepare the college student for possible service in the defense

establishment in the event of emergency.
2. To train and develop ROTC cadets as future enlisted reservist for the
reserve component of the AFP.
3. To inculcate in the youth the spirit of patriotism and nationalism.
4. To develop and promote the physical, moral and spiritual, intellectual and social well being of the youth.
5. To train and develop the youth as potential community leaders.
6. To develop civic consciousness and good citizenship among the youth.

Implementing Guidelines on NSTP, ROTC Component HARESCOM addressed to all RCDG Commanders

1. Enrollment and Registration

a. Effective on 1st semester of academic year 2002-2203, all
freshmen male and female students enrolled in baccalaureate degree and at least two (2) years vocational technical for associate courses shall be
encourage to take and complete the ROTC within the 1st academic year especially those in two (2) curriculum courses.
b. Students shall be required to submit to the commandant a
medical certification that he/she is fit for the military training. Only the physically fit students shall be accepted in the ROTC Program.
c.Students enrolled in the ROTC unit are covered by insurance of
health and accident provided by the school administration concerned during the duration of the training per sec 8 of RA 9163.
` d. Students below 18 years old shall be covered by health accident
insurance provided by the school administration concerned per sec 8 of RA 9163.

e. Students enrolled in basic ROTC shall provide for their own uniform.

“The prescribe uniform for the incoming 1st year basic ROTC Cadets shall be fatigue suit, combat boots, cap, name cloth with fatigue background and
embroidered yellow lettering.

Implementing Rules and Regulations of the National Service Training Program (NSTP)

Pursuant in sec 12 of Republic Act No. 9163 otherwise known as the National Service training Program (NSTP) act of 2001. The Commission on
Higher Education (CHED) Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) and Department of National Defense (DND) in consultation with
concerned government agencies, The Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC) Coordinating Council of Private Educational
Association of the Philippines (COCOPEA), Non Government Organizations (NGOs) and recognized student organizations. Hereby jointly issue, adopt and
promulgate the following implementing rules and regulations to implement the Provisions of the Act.
 Section 1. Guiding principle. While it is the prime duly of the government to serve and protect its citizens, in turn it shall be the responsibility of all
the citizens to defend the security of the State, and in fulfillment thereof, the government may require each citizen to render personal, military or civil
service

Section 2. Role of the Youth

a. In recognition of the vital role of the youth in nation building, the State shall promote civic consciousness among them and
shall develop their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well- being. It shall inculcate the ideals of patriotism, nationalism and advance their
involvement in public and civil affairs.
b. As the most valuable resource of the nation, they shall be
motivated, trained, organizes and involved in military, literacy, civic welfare programs and other similar endeavors in the service of the nation.

Implementing Rules and Regulations of NSTP Rule III (Program Implementation)

Section 4. Coverage
a. All in coming freshmen students male and female, starting School Year (SY) 2002-2003, enrolled in any baccalaureate and at least two (2)
year technical-vocational, or associate courses, are required to complete one (1) NSTP component of their choice, as a graduation requirement.
b. All higher and technical- vocational education institutions must offer at least one (1) of the NSTP components.
c. State Universities and College (SUCs) shall alter the ROTC component and at least one (1) other NSTP component.
d. The Philippine Military Academy (PMA), Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PPMA), Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) and other SUCs
at similar nature, in any of the special character of these institutions, are exempted from the NSTP.
e. Private, higher and technical-vocational education institutions with at least 350 students/cadets may offer the ROTC component and
consequently establish/maintain a Department of Military Science and Tactics 9DSMTC subject in the existing rules and regulations of the Armed Forces of
the Philippines.

Section 5. Program Components

a. The NSTP shall have the following components which the students can choose from as defined in Rules II Section 3 hereof. The Resrve Officers
Training Corps (ROTC), Literacy Training Services (LTS), and Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS).
b. All program components, the ROTC in particular, shall give emphasis on citizenship and shall install patriotism, moral values, respect for the
rights of civilians and adherence to the Constitution.
c. The CHED and TESDA, in consultation with the DND, PASUC, COCOPEA and other concerned government agencies may design and implemented
such other non-military training as he may be necessary in consonance with the provisions of RA 9163.
d. Within thirty (#)) days from the approval of this IRR, the
CHED, TESDA and the DND shall issue the minimum standards for the three (3) NSTP Components which shall form part of these three guidelines.

RULE V
Section 11. Organization of NSTP Graduates

a. Graduates of the non-ROTC components of the NSTP shall belong to the National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC) and could be tapped by the
state of Literacy and civic welfare activities through the joint efforts of DND, CHED and TESDA, in coordination with DILG, DSWD and other concerned
agencies/associations.
b. The CHED, TESDA and DND in consultation with the other concerned government non-government agencies, shall issue the necessary guidelines
for the establishment, organization, maintenance and utilization of the National Service Reserve Corps.
c. Graduates of the ROTC program shall form part of the Citizen Armed Force pursuant in RA 7077, subject to line requirements of DND.

RULE VI. Transitory Provisions

Section 12

Suspension of the ROTC requirement. The completion of ROTC training as a requisite for graduation set-aside for students have completed all their
academic requirements for their respective courses as certified by the school on or before the affectivity of the NSTP Act of 2001, which is March 23,
2002. The school concerned students may apply for graduation with their respective schools.

Section 13

a. Male students who are not covered by section 12 of this rule and are currently but have not taken any of the Military Service (MS), Civic Welfare
Service (CWS), Law Enforcement Services (LES) shall be covered by NSTP Law.
b. Male students who have completed of the expanded ROTC (E-ROTC) National Service Program (NSP) are deemed to have complied with the
NSTP requirement.
c. Male students who have not covered by Section 12 of this Rules and have taken only one (1) semester of Basic ROTC of E-ROTC NSP shall take
one more semester of any of the NSTP components to qualify for graduation.
d. Students who want to qualify for enlistment in the Reserve or attend the advance ROTC programs shall undertake a special program for the
purpose.

Enrollment and Registration

 a. Effective on the 1st semester of Academic Year 2002-2003, all freshmen male and female enrolled in any baccalaureate and at least two
(2) vocational0technical or associate course shall be encourage to take and complete the ROTC within the first academic year, especially those in the two
(20 year curriculum course.
b. Students shall be required to submit to the Commandant a medical certification that he/she is fit for the military training. Only the
physically fit students shall be accepted in the ROTC program.

c. Students enrolled in the ROTC must be covered by insurance for health and accident provided by the school administration
concerned during the duration of the training per section of RA 9163.
d. Students below 18 years old shall be covered by health and accident insurance provided by the school administration concerned
per Section8 RA 9163.
e. Students enrolled in Basic ROTC shall provide for their own uniform.

The prescribe uniform for the incoming 1st year basic ROTC Cadets shall be fatigue suit, combat boots, cap, name cloth with fatigue background
and embroidered yellow lettering.

f. Cross enrollment

f.1 The minimum number of enrollees in the ROTC program is 350 male and female. Schools with enrollees lower than
350 may cross enroll their cadets with the nearest activated ROTC units.
f.2 ROTC Commandants shall allow the students to cross enroll with any other ROTC units most accessible to them
regardless of branch of service provided that the students concerned shall seek a written permission from the School Registrar and ROTC Commandant
for the record purposes.

Training

a. Training Period. The Basic ROTC as two (2) semester program shall consist of a maximum of ninety (90) training
hours per semester. This will be credited three (3) units per semester for a total of six (6) unit for the whole year. The training shall be conducted once a
week at six (6) hours per week for fifteen (15) consecutive weekends. However, ROTC Commandants may exercise flexibility in the conduct of training
provided that the approval OPI is strictly implemented.
b. Summer Training. RCDG through the CDCs conduct a summer training of thirty (30) days in lieu of the regular two
(2) semester program for the ROTC components went requested by the school authorities, subject to the capability that CDC to conduct such training.

Attendance

1. Attendance of cadet shall be checked twice: before the start of training and before dismissed. Checking of attendance
shall no exceed five (5) so as not to consume the time for instruction proper.
2. Absence from instructions due to sickness, injury or other exceptional circumstances may be excused. The cadets
however have to attend make-up classes as designated by the Commandant to comprehensive for the training periods and subject missed.
3. Cadet who has incurred more than twenty percent (20%) or eighteen (18) hours of unexcused absences of the
required ninety (90) training hours shall be reported dropped from the roster of the active cadets and shall no longer be allowed to continue the training
during the same school year. He will be given a failing grade of five (5) in the ROTC for that particular MS.

Grading System

1. Cadets shall be given a final grade for every semester, such grade be computed base on the following weights.

Attendance -------------------30 pts

MII Aptitude -----------------30 pts
Subject Proficiency----------40 pts

2. Cadets must obtain a minimum of twenty eight (28) points in subject proficiency and twenty four (24) points in attendance in the above points
distribution, in order to pass the s semester work.
3. Each cadet shall be given one hundred (100) merits at the beginning of every semester. Additional merits awarded to attending special
formations, parades or other school activities outside the prescribed training hours. For every infractions of regulation, he shall be penalize by demerits as
prescribed in Appendix 11 of AAFR G 310-021 did 27 Aug 85.
4. Grades shall be by percentage but should the institution use a different system of grading the ROTC Commandant shall convert grades in the
accordance with the following equivalent.

95 % or higher ------------------------------------- 1. 00 - A
Less than 95% down to 90 % --------------------- 1. 50 - A
Less than 90% down to 85% ---------------------- 2. 00 - B
Less than 85 % down to 80 % ----------------------2. 50 - B
Less than 80 % down to 75 % -----------------------3.00- C
Less than 75 % (Failure) -----------------------------5.00

5. Computation of Grades- the grade for attendance, Military aptitude and subject proficiency shall be computed separately and the result to
determine the final grade.
 (1) Attendance

Nr of Hrs presents
-------------------------------------------------------------------------30%
Total Nr of Hrs Master Schedule

(2) Military Aptitude

- (100 merits less total demerits received)

------------------------------------------------------------------------ x 30%
100
Note: Military Aptitude grade shall not exceed 30%

(3) Subject proficiency – The Subject proficiency is 40% apportioned to the different of a course depending on the relative importance of the subject
and the number to hours devoted to it. The grade on subject proficiency is the sum of the weighted grades of all examination is computed as follows.

Weighted grade – Percent value of correct answer x pt of subject

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x 40%
total point of value of the examination

Assignment of Ranks and AFPN:

1. ROTC graduates from different province shall be issued rank and serial numbers based on respective places of origin (provinces)
and assigned mobilization centers. The ranks shall be based on his latest position in the organization of the Corps of Cadets as indicated.

Coy F/Sgt ------------------- Sergeant (Sgt)

Platoon Sergeant ------------------- Corporal (Cpt)
Squad Leader ------------------- Private First class (PFC)
Squad Element------------------- Private (Pvt)

Section 6. Duration and Equipment Course Unit

a. Each pf the aforementioned NSTP components shall be undertaken from an academic period of two (2) semesters. It shall be credited for three
(3) units per semester, for fifty-four (54) to nunnery (90) hours per semester.
b. A one (1) summer program is at the two (2) semester program may be designed, formulated and adopted by the DND, CHED, and TESDA, subject
to the capability of the school and the AFP to handle the same.

Sec 4 – Objectives

a. To prepared college students for possible service in the defense establishment ion the event of emergency;
b. To train and develop the ROTC cadets as future enlisted reservists for the Reserve Component of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines;
c. To inculcate in the youth the spirit of patriotism and nationalism;
d. To prepare the youth for the vital role in nation building;
e. To develop and promote the youth as potential community leaders;
and
f. To develop civic consciousness and good citizenship among the youth.

Sec. 6. Policies

a. The basic ROTC shall be a one (1) or two (2) semester program which consists of a minimum of ninety (90) training hours per
semester equivalent to three (3) units for a total of sex (6) units. It will be conducted once a week (six hours per week) for fifteen (15) consecutive
weekends.
b. All male and female students enrolled in any baccalaureate degree and at least two (2) years vocational/ technical or associate
courses can take and complete the ROTC component of the NSTP Program.
c. Implementation of the NSTP will start in the SY 2002-2003
d. In lieu of the regular two (2) semester program for any of the NSTP components a one summer (30 days) may also be conducted.
e. Enrollment fee per semester shall be collected from each students exclusively for the maintenance of office and training expenses
and to be managed by the school. One (1) semester of ROTC training shall be equivalent to three (3) units.
f. Clustering and cross enrollment will be allowed for the convenience of the students taking into the account logistics, branch of
services and geographical consideration. It will be managed by the school that has the preponderance of the students.
 g. All activated ROTC units will still be called ROTC Units the second semester shall be Military Science (MS) 2.
h. Students below 18 years old will be required to secure parental consent.
a. Students must be covered by an insurance during the duration of training.

j. Each student enrolled in Basic ROTC shall provide for their own uniform. The prescribed uniform for the incoming 1 st year Basic ROTC
student shall be fatigue uniform with combat boots and fatigue cap, while for the cadets lacking MS 21 and MS 22 or MS 22 only taking the Special Program
shall be allowed to wear their Major service GOA uniform.
k. Only graduates of ROTC components shall be qualified to enroll the ROTC Advance Course.
l. The minimum number of enrollees in ROTC program is 350 male and female students/trainees. School with enrollees lower than 350
may coordinate with nearest ROTC activated units for the accommodation of their cross enrollees.
m. Each Major Service Reserve Command shall conduct Special Program for one (1) semester equivalent to ninety (90) training hours
to cadets/students lacking MS 21 and 22 or MS 22 only to qualify them as AFP reservist and to take the ROTC advance course using the POI module of the
second semester of the basic ROTC Program.
n. Maximize utilization of qualified AFP reservists as ROTC instructors placing them on Annual Active Duty Training (AADT).
o. The ROTC Commandant is also the department head or member of the faculty of the school. As such, the school may extend to him
the normal privileges and sanctions due to a faculty member or department head.
p. The ROTC Commandant in his capacity as department head shall be subject to evaluation of his performance by the school
authorities in the same frequency as other department heads. If relieved, his performances shall also be evaluated.
q. The ROTC Commandant and ROTC Unit are in the front line in the development of the AFP Reserve Force, hence their actions reflect
in whole on the AFP. Therefore, they should conduct them selves professionally in order to maintain the goodwill, credibility and honor that have been
painstakingly gained in other fields of endeavor including the battlefront.

6. Procedures:

a. The POI for the ROTC component includes lectures, practical exercises, conferences and field works or practical exercising focusing
on the organization of the AFP, basic military principles and theories, customs and traditions in the military service, human rights, disaster relief
operations, environmental protection, anti/counter terrorism, drills and ceremonies etc.
b. ROTC component graduates shall be incorporated with the AFP Reserve Force. As such, they shall be given ranks, serial numbers an
further assigned to their respective mobilization centers.
c. Major Service Commanders, Commanders of Major Service Reserve commands and ROTC Unit Commandants are responsible to the
Chief of Staff, AFP for the strict implementation of ROTC component of the NSTP.

d. Commandants of ROTC Units in their capacity as Head of MS Department of the educational institution shall be responsible to his
Major Service Commander for the strict implementation of ROTC Program.
e. The Secretary of National Defense through the Chief of Staff, AFP shall create monitoring teams that shall conduct inspections and
oversee the ROTC program implementation.
f. The ROTC Commandant shall be required to submit a program of Expenditure (POE) of his unit per year broken semesters to the
school concerned for conclusion in the annual budget. Said POE shall be presented by the ROTC Commandant before a panel composed of representatives
of the school concerned if required.
g. Periodic audit to be conducted by the school, all ROTC Commandants are q\required to submit a report of utilization of the ROTC fee
to their respective Reserve Unit Commanders at the end of every semester.
h. Major ROTC related cases should be investigated Major Service Command Provost Marshall or Inspector General.
i. Final grades shall be submitted by the ROTC Commandant to the school registrar through the appropriate form prescribed by the
school not later than fifteen (15) days after the end of semester. Further, the school registrar and the ROTC Commandant shall be designed signatories on
the ROTC cadet graduation certificate
j. The school certifies the completion of the Basic ROTC Program based on the overall performance of the students/ trainees

Requirement of a Student

1. Medical Certificate (he/she is fit for the military training, only the physically fit students shall be accepted in ROTC Program. (Implementing
Guidelines in NSTP-ROTC Component, HARESCOM, COMRESCOM).

2. Students below 18 years old will be required to secure parental consent (Guidelines for the Implementation of the Basic ROTC Program, CS,
AFP, GOQ, dtd 07 May 2002).

Who Are Considered Reservist

a. Graduates of Citizen Military Training (CMT) basic and advance courses and issued order is reservist.
b. Graduates of the authorized basic military training who are issued order as such.
c. Honorably discharged ex-servicemen and retired officers of the AFP and the other armed forces who are Filipino citizen who volunteer.
d. Recognized World War II Guerillas who were honorably discharged from the service.
e. Commissioned and non-commissioned officer sunder Affiliated Reserve Category and NDCP graduates. (Sec. 3, Exec # 264 dtd 25 July 1987,
Subject Citizen Armed Force)

Disqualification as Reserved:

1. Those who are residing abroad 4. Those convicted of criminal offenses

2. Those in the active service of the AFP and PNP 5. Those who have derogatory record
3. Those who are physically and mentally unfit.