GENERAL SCIENCE & ABILITY CSS 2017

2Q.
No. 2.(A)What are the factors responsible for environmental pollution?
(B)Briefly explain the main reasons of water-logging in Pakistan.
(C)What do you mean by Ozone depletion and how we can prevent its depletion?
(D)What is an Acid Rain and how it is produced. Briefly describe the dangersassociated with it

Q. No. 3.(A)Explain in detail the common causes of Heart Attack.

(B)Differentiate between drug addiction and drug abuse.
(C)Draw the structure of human ear and briefly explain its functions.
(D)What is the significance of Vitamins? Describe the sources, uses and deficiencysymptoms of fat soluble vitamins

Q.No. 4.
(A)What is a mirage? Describe in detail the creation of mirage.
(B)Differentiate between the occurrence of Lunar and Solar Eclipse?
(C)Briefly explain what effects are produced due to Rotation & Revolution of Earth?
(D)Most of the household appliances utilize ‘DC’ then why we generate ‘AC’ at power stations

Q. No. 5
A)Differentiate between RAM and ROM.
(B)Name three basic buses employed in a computer and explain what each is used for.
(C)Draw a basic computer block diagram and briefly explain the function of eachpart.
(D)Describe various types of computers classified on the basis of size, memory,capacity and speed

Q. No. 2.(A).Describe different methods to estimate the ageof the Universe.

(B).Explain the formation of Lunar Eclipse.
(C). Explain the terms D ark Energy and Dark Matter.
(D). Define the term Black Hole. What’s expected inside it?

Q. No. 3.(A).Describe different causes and preventionsof ‘Polio’(B). Define the term ‘Bio-Fuel’. How is it helpful to promote clean energy?
(C).Define ‘Carbohydrates’.Describe different steps to digest these in the human body.(D).Describe the ‘Cell Structure’.Write down at least three
differences between an animal cell and plant cell.

Q. No. 4.(A).What is ‘Acid Rain’.Describe its causes and how it can be prevented?
(B).What is ‘Water Pollution’. Discuss its causes and measurement methods. Name the countries with the highest and lowest percentage of it.
(C).Write a comprehensive note on ‘Smog’.
(D). Describe different causes of ‘Tsunami’.Is there any difference between a Tsunami and a tidal wave? Name the worst Tsunami ever recorded.

Q. No. 5.
(A).Write a note, how data is stored on a ‘Hard Disk’.
(B).How an ‘Optical Fiber’ is constructed? How is it helpful in transmitting the electromagnetic radiations?
(C).Write a comprehensive note on ‘Balanced Diet’
.(D).What is ‘Artificial Intelligence’? How is it helpful for humanity?

Q. 2.(a)Deficiency of vitamins causes different human diseases some of which are given in the table below. Choose the correct type of vitamin
from the box and write in frontof each disease: Disease caused due to lack of Vitamin Name of the Vitamin1.Poor night Vision2.Bleeding
Gums3.Rickets in Children4.Beri-Beri5.AnaemiaVit. AVit. B1Vit. CVit. DVit.EVit.K(5)
(b)People suffering from cardiovascular diseases have a high level of cholesterol in their blood. This often leads to a build up of fats on the
internal arterial walls. Suggest how this might be harmful to the heart.(5)
(c)Why the excessive use of chemical fertilizers should be avoided?(5)
(d)Why are scientists worried about the increase of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere?(5) (20)

Q. 3.
(a)Differentiate between the Renewable and Non-Renewable sources of energy giving examples of each one of them.(5)
(b)Give a brief account of Optic Fibres. What is their importance in present day telecom system?(5)
(c)Whatis the most dangerous part of a hurricane and how do cyclones affect humans?(5)
(d)What's the difference between vaccines and antibiotics? How do antibiotics and vaccines contribute to health?(5) (20)

Q. 4.(a)What is the importance of forests in the economy of a country?(5)(b)Give a brief account of Biotechnology.
(c)Do the mammals also lay eggs? If yes, where in the world do they live? Write the name of some of them.(5)
(d)How can the Sun have such a strong gravitational field if it's made of gases?(5) (20)

Q. 5.(a)What does Ozone depletion mean and how can we protect the ozone layer?(5)(b)What are the different types of a network? Explain each
briefly.(5)(c)Why an indiscriminate/casual use of Antibiotics may prove dangerous?(5)(d)Why do atoms form bonds? Name three major types of
chemical bonds.

EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Muslim Scientists

 Ibne Rushd - 1987

 Al Farabi - 1991
 Ibn e Nafis - 1991
 Al Kinidi - 1991
 Ibn Hayyan - 1987, 2001, 2011
 Ibn al Baitar - 1995, 2001
 Abu Ali Sina - 1991, 2001, 2008, 2011
 Biruni - 1995, 2005, 2010
 Ibn Al-Haitham -1987, 1995, 2005, 2010, 2012
 Muhammad bin Musa Al-Khawarizmi - 2008, 2012
 Umer Al Khayam - 1991, 2001, 2009
 Zakariya Al Razi - 1987, 2001, 2009

Balanced Diet

 Balanced diet – 1993, 1994, 2002, 2007, 2008,2012

 Pasteurization – 1987, 1995, 2001, 2008
 Disease caused by deficiency – 1987
 Sources of Vitamins – 1990
 Vitamin A - 2012
 Vitamin C - 2012
 Iron - 2012
 Calcium - 2012
 Iodine - 2012

Computers

 Software – 1991, 2000, 2002

 Registers – 1998, 2000
 Computers – 1991
 Microcomputers – 1991
 Peripheral – uses – 1991
 Hardware – 1991
 CPU – 1996
 RAM – 2000
 Byte – 2000
 Mouse – 2000
 Icons – 2000
 Control Unit – 2000
 LAN – 2000
 Modem – 2000
 ALU – 2000
 Computer Viruses – 2008
 Millennium Bug - 2009
 Internet - 2010, 2011

Energy

 Renewable energy resources – 1996, 2001, 2008, 2011, 2013,2014

 Geothermal energy – 2005, 2008
 Non conventional source of energy – 1994
 Magnetic resonance Imaging – 2006
 Tide energy – 2006
 Dam and barrage – 2006
 Voltage Stabilizer - 2010
 Forms of energy - 2011
 Types of energy- 2011
 Nuclear energy - 2013
 Non-renewable energy resources -2014

Universe

 Solar System - 1999, 2002, 2003, 2008

 Planets – 1986, 2002
 Lunar Eclipse – 1994, 1999,2014
 Solar Eclipse – 1999,2014
 Hovering Satellite – 1994
 Steroid – 2002
 Mercury – 2004
 Plato – 2004, 2011
 Communication satellite – 2005
 Satellites – 2007
 Artificial Satellite - 2011
 Supernova – 2008
 Synchronous satellite - 2009
 Big Dipper - 2009
 Nebula - 2009
 Big Bang Theory - 2011
 Galaxy - 2011

Hazards of Sciences

 Water pollution – 1995, 2000, 2001, 2005

 Global warming – 1998, 2004, 2006, 2010, 2013,2014
 Green house effect – 1998, 2001, 2009
 Acid rain – 1990, 2002
 Environmental pollution – 1988
 Reclaim a saline soil – 1989
 Water logging – 1989
 Salinity – 1989
 Ozone depletion - 1996
 Environmental effects of the fertilizer use – 2014
 Smog and smoke -2014

Geography

 Earthquake – 1989, 1998, 2008, 2012

 Heavy water – 1989, 1985, 2013
 Structure of earth – 1997, 2003
 Minerals – 2002, 2009
 Lightening – 1985
 Seasonal variation – 1991, 2010, 2012
 Movements of the earth and its atmosphere – 2000
 Earth hour movement - 2013
 Seismograph – 2004
 Tsunami – 2005, 2012
 Sedimentary rocks – 2007, 2012
 Days and nights – 1991
 Volcanoes – 1999, 2012
 International Date Line – 1998
 Deforestation – 1995
 Igneous rocks - 2009
 Typhoons - 2011
 Tornadoes - 2011
 Physical characteristics of earth - 2012
 Ocean Tides - 2012
 Floods - 2012
 Metamorphic rocks - 2012
 Lava - 2014
 Magma - 2014
 Mist and Fog - 2014

Biology

 Pollination (cross) – 1988, 1991, 2001, 2003

 Photosynthesis – 1987, 1988, 1998, 2001, 2012
 Ecosystem – 1994, 2000, 2001, 2002
 Positively and negatively phototropic parts of plant – 1987
 Nitrogen cycle – 1992, 2012
 Structure of animal cell – 1994
 Cellulose – 1992
 Viruses – 1994
 Osmosis – 1997
 Transpiration – 1997
 Important parts of flower – 2001
 Fertilization – 2001
 Animal cell – 2008
 Producers and consumers of ecosystem – 1989
 Balance of nitrogen in atmosphere – 1985
 Glycolysis – 1997
 Phototaxis – 1997
 Root tubers – 1987, 1992
 Food chain – 1987
 Symbiosis – 1987
 Biochemical cycle – 1992
 Diffusion – 1994
 Catabolism – 1995
 Epiphytes – 2007
 Similarities and differences between animals and plants - 2009
 Amphibian - 2009
 Vertebrates - 2010
 Invertebrates - 2010
 Flying mammal – 2010
 Bird – 2010
 Ribosome - 2011
 Mitochondria - 2011
 Lysosomes - 2011
 Chloroplasts - 2011
 Golgi apparatus - 2011
 Nucleic acids - 2011
 Diastolic and systolic pressure - 2011

Human Biology

 Endocrine glands – 1990, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2007

 Human eye – 1985, 1990, 2002
 Hemophilia – 1987, 1989, 1992
 Excretory system – 1995, 2000
 Human brain – 1990, 1994
 Principle of immunization – 1987, 1995
 Chromosomes – 1988, 1989
 Composition of blood – 1995, 1999
 Hormones – 2001, 2008
 Human kidney – 1988, 2014
 Human blood – 1988
 Clotting – 1988
 Heredity – 1989, 2010
 Hereditary disease transferred from parents to offsprings - 2010
 DNA – 1990, 2012
 Digestion – 1991
 Feedback mechanism of human system – 2000
 Characters transmitted from parents to offsprings – 2007
 Blood pressure – 1987
 Immunity – 1987
 Blood groups – 1998
 Ovulation – 2003
 Gene – 2006
 Biotechnology – 2003, 2013
 Receptors and receptor organs in human body - 2009
 Genetic Engineering - 2009
 Coronary artery - 2010
 Sino- Auricular Node - 2010
 Aortic valve - 2010
 Auricle - 2010
 Reflex Action - 2010
 mRNA - 2012
 Proteins - 2012
 Lymphatic System - 2014
 Thyroid Gland- 2014
 Pituitary Gland - 2014

Chemistry

 Polymer (synthetic) – 1994, 2001, 2002

 Heavy water - 2011
 Soft water
 Hard Water - 2011
 Carbon cycle – 1992, 1998, 2000
 Suplhide Cynnabar (Hgs) – 2003
 Catalyst – 1992
 Fermentation - 2009
 Aqua Regia - 2009
 Enrichment of Uranium - 2009
 Allotropy - 2009
 Isomers - 2010, 2011
 Isotopes - 2010, 2011

Diseases

 Virus –1987, 1994

 Meningistis – 2000
 Pollen allergy – 2006
 Bird flu – 2006
 Short sightedness – 1998
 Dengue Virus - 2009
 Swine flu - 2010
 Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia - 2014
 Infection and Allergy - 2014

Physics

 Nuclear fission – 1986, 1987, 1998, 2001

 Fusion – 1986, 1998, 2001
 Radioactivity – 1989, 2008
 Law of gravitation – 1992
 Conductor – 1998, 2012
 Resistor – 1998
 Transistor – 1998
 Escape velocity – 1999
 Optic fiber – 2003, 2013
 Insulator - 2012,2014
 Semiconductor - 1990, 1998, 2000, 2008, 2011, 2012
 Superconductor - 2012
 Conductors - 2014

Inventions of Science

 Laser – 1986, 2001, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2012, 2013

 Pesticides – 1990, 1995, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2010, 2012, 2013
 Antibiotics – 1989, 1996, 2001, 2002, 2011, 2012, 2013
 Antibody – 1998, 2011
 Ceramics – 1996, 2001, 2007, 2008
 Telephone – 1990, 1994, 2000
 RADAR – 1986, 2001,2014
 Vaccine – 1990, 1996, 2001, 2011, 2012
 Television – 1999, 2001
 Plastics – 1986, 2008, 2011
 Fertilizers – 2002, 2004, 2011,2014
 Microwave oven – 2001, 2008, 2010, 2011,2014
 Immunization – 1995
 Transmistor – 1998
 Escape velocity – 1999
 Photovoltaic Cell – 2001, 2012
 Tape recorder – 2001
 Camera – 2008
 Tele printer- 2009
 Vacuum Cleaner - 2009
 Microwave oven – 2001, 2008
 Pace Maker – 2010
 Antiviral Drug - 2012
 MMR Vaccine - 2012

Miscellaneous

 Ultrasonic waves – 1986, 2005

 Plaster of Paris – 1998, 2006, 2010
 Radio waves – 1990
 Scavenger – 1998
 Superconductivity – 2004
 Night Vision Technology – 2004
 Supersonics – 2006
 Short circuit – 1998
 Shockwaves – 2005
 Second barrier – 2005
 Solar cell – 2005
 Reaction time – 1998
 Quartz – 2003
 Allele – 2002
 Pressure cooker – 2001
 Para magnetism and diamagnetism – 2001
 CNG – 2001
 Super fluid – 2005
 Photovoltaic cell – 2005
 Theodolite – 2006
 Hygrometer – 2005, 2010
 Role of Nitrogen and phosphorous in plant – 1990
 Modulation – 1995
 Saponification – 1997
 Nuclear reactor – 2007
 Hydrometer – 2010
 Plaster of Paris – 2010
 Perimeter – 2010
 Telemeter – 2010
 Microscope - 2011
 Telescope - 2011
 Ultrasonics - 2011
 Infrasonics - 2011
 Antigens - 2011
 Nanotechnology – 2013
 Chemotherapy – 2013,2014
 Radiotherapy – 2013
 Porifera - 2013
 Radiotherapy- 2014