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BIOLOGY - Year 11
UNIT 1 TRIAL EXAM 2007
Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes
Structure of booklet
Directions to students
Materials
Question and answer booklet of 24 pages.
Answer sheet for multiple choice items
The Task
Pleasure ensure that you write your name on the multiple choice answer sheet and this
answer booklet.
Answer all items from Section A, which should be answered on the sheet provided.
Answer all questions from Section B, which should be answered in this booklet in the
spaces provided.
There are a total of 73 marks available.
All answers should be written in English.
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SECTION A
Specific instructions for Section A
Section A consists of 25 multiple-choice questions. Section A is worth approximately 33% of the
marks available. You should spend about 30 minutes on this section.
Choose the response that is correct or best answers the question, and mark your choice on
the multiple choice answer sheet provided.
No credit will be given for an item if two or more letters are marked for that item. Marks will not
be deducted for incorrect answers and you should attempt every item.
Question 1
Which of the following is the function of mitochondria?
Question 2
Which of the following describes osmosis?
A. I only
B. II only
C. I and II
D. I and III
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Question 3
Which of the following comparisons is correct for surface area to volume ratio?
Question 4
What process is illustrated?
A. formation of bacteria
B. production of viruses
C. fertilization of egg cells
D. production of sperm cells
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Question 5
Which of the following characteristics indicates the organism is plant-like?
A. It has a nucleus.
B. It has a cell wall.
C. It uses cilia to move.
D. It needs water to live.
Question 6
Which of the following characteristics indicates the organism is animal-like?
A. It has a nucleus.
B. It has a cell wall.
C. It has a centriole.
D. It needs water to live.
Question 7
How could scientists determine if chloroplasts were the organism’s only
energy source?
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Question 8
Which one of the following describes the products of mitosis?
A. gametes
B. mutation
C. identical cells
D. different cells
Question 9
Four sperm cells are produced with the sex chromosomes distributed as shown.
Which of the following is the most likely explanation?
Question 10
Why did the egg become green?
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Question 11
In reference to the above diagram, which is the correct alternative.
A. Salt ions move by osmosis into an area of low solute concentration from an
area of high solute concentration.
B. Salt ions move by diffusion from an area of high solute concentration to an
area of low solute concentration.
C. Water molecules move by diffusion from an area of high solute concentration
to an area of low solute concentration.
D. Water molecules move by osmosis from an area of low solute concentration
to an area of high solute concentration.
Question 12
Which one of the following statements best describes one difference between
prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
A Prokaryotic cells do not have the cellular components for autotrophic nutrition.
B. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nuclear membrane.
C. Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelle structures different from
those of eukaryotic cells.
D. Prokaryotic cells have a higher degree of specialisation than eukaryotic cells
have.
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The concentration of carbon dioxide in a sample of air was found to be 280 ppm
(parts per million). A controlled experiment was designed to measure the
concentration of carbon dioxide in the air after it had flowed over the leaves of a
green plant. Measurements were taken at a range of light intensities.
The following results were obtained:
Question 13
Which one of the following statements is not consistent with these results?
A. At the lower light intensities tested, the rate of photosynthesis is limited by light
intensity.
B. In the dark, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air after it had flowed
over
leaves would be at least 280 ppm.
C. At the higher light intensities tested, the rate of photosynthesis is affected by
factors other than light.
D. At a light intensity of 10% of full sunlight, photosynthesis does not occur.
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Refer to the following diagram, which shows a capillary in the human body:
Question 14
The region labelled X represents part of
A. a glomerulus.
B. an alveolus.
C. a villus.
D. a body cell.
Question 15
Hybrid animals that result from mating between two different species are usually
infertile. However, sometimes female hybrids are able to produce viable
offspring. Female hybrids that are able to produce viable offspring produce
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Question 16
Organelle X produces proteins. These proteins move through organelle Y toward
organelle Z where they are packaged. What are X, Y and Z?
Question 17
What part of the digestive tract has the greatest surface area?
A. the stomach
B. the esophagus
C. the large intestine
D. the small intestine
Question 18
Which of the labelled arrows points to the renal cortex?
A. W
B. X
C. Y
D. Z
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Question 19
How many of the labelled structures allow water reabsorption?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Question 20
What would cause the change in the rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction at X?
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Question 21
What is absorbed into the lacteals?
A. lipids
B. glucose
C. nucleotides
D. amino acids
Question 22
Which of the following correctly compares the blood in the pulmonary arteries to
the blood in the aorta?
Question 23
Which of the following conditions favours the release of oxygen from hemoglobin
at the tissues?
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The table below gives both the common and scientific names of five vertebrates.
Question 24
Which two vertebrates are most closely related?
A. A and B
B. B and E
C. C and D
D. A and D
Question 25
Which of the following processes requires ATP?
A. osmosis
B. protein synthesis
C. facilitated transport
D. diffusion of oxygen
END OF SECTION A
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SECTION B
Specific Instructions for Section B
Section B consists of 8 short answer questions (questions 1 to 9). You must
answer all of these questions. The section is worth 48 marks or approximately
66% of the total. You should spend approximately 60 minutes on this section.
The marks allocated are at the end of each question. Questions should be
answered in the spaces provided in this booklet.
Question 1 (5 marks)
Consider this diagram of a section through a cell.
(a) Give a piece of evidence that indicates this is an animal cell. (1 mark)
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(b) Suggest a human tissue that this cell might be found in and explain why you
have chosen this location. (3 marks)
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(c) This cell diagram was drawn from an electron micrograph. Give one piece of
evidence that supports this. (1 mark)
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Question 2 (6 marks)
These cells are involved in plant transport:
II______________________________________
Question 2 continued
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b) Describe two differences between these two cell types in terms of their
structure and their function (4marks)
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Question 3. (5 marks)
Aphids are small sap-sucking diploid insects. Refer to the following diagram,
which shows the life cycle of aphids:
a) Using the information in the diagram above, name the season during which
meiosis occurs in aphids. (1 mark)
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b) During the seasons of spring and early summer female aphids reproduce
asexually. This process results in offspring that are genetically identical to the
parent. Explain why the offspring produced by one female are genetically
different from the offspring produced by other females. (4 marks)
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Question 4. (4 marks)
In an experiment investigating conditions in the digestive tract, the concentration
of hydrogen ions was measured in three areas, A, B and C. The following graph
shows the results.
Identify areas A and B and explain how the conditions there contribute to proper
digestion.
(4 marks: 1 mark each for name; 1 mark each for explanation)
Area A _____________________________________________________
Name: ______________________________________________________
Explanation:
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Area B:______________________________________________________
Name: ______________________________________________________
Explanation:
________________________________________________________________
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Question 5 (5 marks)
Potato plants originate from the Andes mountains in South America. They are
adapted for survival in a cool climate. The potatoes we eat are food storage
organs, called tubers, and are produced on underground stems.
The graph shows the rates of photosynthesis and respiration for one variety of
potato plant, over a range of temperatures.
(a) Between which temperatures is there a net gain in energy by the potato
plant? (1 mark)
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(b) When this variety was grown in a hot climate, with a mean daytime
temperature of 24°C, it failed to produce tubers.
Use information in the graph to explain why no tubers were produced. (2 marks)
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(c) Suggest why the rate of photosynthesis decreases above 21°C. (2 marks)
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Question 6. (3 marks)
A biologist discovered two species of barnacles that resembled each other, one
in New Zealand and the other in Australia. Organism A was given the specific
name popeiana. Organism B was given the specific name covertus. Later,
species C, D and E were found. The relationships between the species are
illustrated using the following diagram.
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Question 7. (6 marks)
Potamogeton is an aquatic plant that grows on the surfaces of ponds. A
transverse section of a portion of a pondweed leaf is shown as Leaf R. Leaf S is
a tranverse section of a portion of a leaf from a Hakea, a plant which grows in dry
places.
(i) Explain the advantage of stomata being located on the upper rather than the
lower surface of pondweed leaves (Leaf R). (1 mark)
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(ii) What is the function of the large air spaces in pondweed leaves? (1 mark)
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(iii) What is the function of the very thick cuticle of Hakea leaves? (1 mark)
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Question 7 continued
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Iv) Explain three ways in which the alveoli are well suited to their function.
(3 marks)
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Question 8. (7 marks)
W__________________________________________________________
X___________________________________________________________
Y___________________________________________________________
Z___________________________________________________________
b) Explain how the conditions in the renal medulla result in the production of
urine which is hypertonic to blood. (3 marks)
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Question 9. (7 marks)
Use the diagram below to answer Q9 a and b
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Question 9 continued
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The graph shows the change in the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction over
time.
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d) Which labelled line correctly illustrates what would occur if more enzyme was
added at time Y. Explain your answer. (2 marks)
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Name the organ that produces an enzyme which chemically digests fats and
identify the enzyme it produces. (2 marks)
Organ: __________________________________________________________
enzyme:_________________________________________________________
END OF EXAM
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SHORT ANSWERS.
Question 1.
(a) Reason: the absence of a cell wall, or no cell wall, or no large vacuole or
rounded cell shape lack of chloroplasts
This process requires a lot of energy which would be provided by the large
number of mitochondria present
OR human muscle tissue (1) requiring energy for movement (or ‘exercise’,
‘contraction’,‘work’), (1) cell has high number of mitochondria to provide this
energy (1)
OR kidney tissue (1) since cell has large number of mitochondria to provide
energy (1)
supporting active reabsorption of molecules from filtrate (1).
OR any other reasonable suggestion that fits the cell illustrated, provided
structure is clearly related to function.
(c) Ribosomes are shown ; light microscopes do not have the resolving power
to show ribosomes. Also acceptable: ER or details of mitochondria (cristae,
internal membranes) or of nuclear membrane (pores).
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Question 2
(a) I shows xylem cells and II shows phloem cells .
b) Xylem carries water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. (
It contains no cytoplasm andconsists of tubes of dead cells when mature, and
the process is a passive one .
Phloem, by contrast carries nutrients (mainly sugars) from the leaves to the rest
of the plant,( .) is living and contains cytoplasm, uses active transport.( . It
consists of sieve tubes, with a little cytoplasm and perforated end plates joining
adjacent cells, as well as companion cells . These have a nucleus and control the
cytoplasm in the sieve tube
Question 3
a) autumn is the season when meiosis occurred.
Question 4
area A:
name:
• duodenum
• small intestine either one for 1 mark
explanation:
• basic conditions optimum for enzymes to function ( mark)
area B:
name:
• stomach ( mark)
explanation:
• acidic conditions needed for enzyme function ( mark)
Question 5
(a) Net gain of energy occurs between 7.5 – 24oC +/- 0.5 o C, (this is where the
rate of photosynthesis exceeds the rate of respiration),
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Question 6
( a ) The bionomial name for organism A is Hexaminius popeiana. ( mark)
(b) Organism E is most closely related (as it belongs to the same genus
(Hexaminius) ( mark), mark for saying that C belongs to a different genus or
relating closeness of relationship to classification grouping.
Question 7
(i) The advantage of the stoma being located on the upper surface is that it
allows gas exchange to take place with the air, which has much higher
concentrations of gases such as CO2 than the water that contacts the lower
surface ( mark). ( any secondary reasons such as the leaf would be more likely
to sink etc). Also greater transpiration rate to draw more minerals into the plant,
as loss of water is not an issue.
Question 8
a) W: afferent renal arteriole
X: efferent renal arteriole
Y: collecting duct
Z: Loop of Henle
b)
• The renal medulla contains a high concentration of Na+, Cl– and urea
making it hypertonic to the filtrate.
• When the filtrate passes through the renal medulla, water moves from
the filtrate into the renal medulla where the peritubular network
absorbs it.
• The filtrate, having lost water, is now hypertonic to body fluids.
• ADH causes water reabsorption from the collecting duct making urine
more hypertonic.
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Question 9
a) • phospholipid ( mark)
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