Valvula de Seguridad (SCSSV) - Tema 4

SCSSV Training School
1
© Copyright BJ Services Company All Rights Reserved
Training Outline
Safety Valve Overview
– History
– Typical Well Layout
– Safety Valve Components
– Safety Valve Operation
Safety Valve Technical Issues
– Well Pressure Operational Effects
– Failsafe Setting Depth – FSSD
– Surface Opening Pressure Calculation
– Equalization Pressure
– Safety Valve Opening and Closing Traces
– Operating Fluids and Environmental Considerations
2
Training Outline
Valve Installation Field Requirements
– Toolbox Requirements
– Field Documentation
– Safety Valve Order and Preparation
3
Training Outline
Pre-Installation Operations, TR Valve
– On-site Assessment
– Required Measurements
– Hand Pump Bench Testing, Documentation
Installation Operations, TR Valve
– Valve Running Setup
– Fitting Preparation
– Running, Strapping, and Banding
– Space-out Operations
– Tubing Hanger Connection
– Tree Interface Connection, Testing
– Documentation
4
Training Outline
Removal Operations, TR Valve
Pre-Installation Operations, WR Valve
– On-site Assessment
– Required Measurements
– Hand Pump Bench Testing, Documentation
Installation Operations, WR Valve
– Packing Preparations
– Well Preparations
– Wireline Operations
– Installation Testing
– Documentation
5
Training Outline
Safety Valve Remediation
– Troubleshooting
– Failure Reporting
– Valve Lockout
– Valve Communication
6
Safety Valve Specific Terms
Safety Valve – SV
Subsurface Safety Valve - SSSV
Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve – SCSSV
Sub Surface Controlled Safety Valve – SSCSV
Tubing Retrievable Safety Valve – TRSV or TRSCSSV
Wireline Retrievable Safety Valve – WRSV or WRSCSSV
Lockout Tool – LOT
Communication Tool – COM
Failsafe Setting Depth – FSSD
Inverted Dual Ferrule Connection – IDFC
Control Line – CL
7
Why have Subsurface Safety Valves?
Bombay – 2005
Piper Alpha - 1988
Oil fires in Kuwait - 1991

Mexico – 1995
California – 1969
8
Why Subsurface Safety Valves on Land?
In 1982, a sour gas-well blew near the small town of

Lodgepole in southern Alberta, Canada, and pumped
sour gas into the air for 67 days. Two workers were
killed and thousands of people downwind of the
blowout were affected by the release.
On December 23, 2003, a gas-well blowout near the

city of Chongqing in central China released a deadly
mixture of natural gas and hydrogen sulfide. The
toxic cloud of “sour gas” killed 243 people, caused
the hospitalization and treatment of more than
9,000, and the evacuation of more than 60,000
nearby residents.
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SCSSV Basic Functions
SCSSV’s are designed to minimize the loss of reservoir fluids or production equipment
by shutting in the well if some catastrophic surface or subsurface event were to occur
– Blow-out
– Loss of platform
– Loss of wellhead, etc.
SCSSV’s prevent
– Damage to wellhead equipment
– Injury to, or loss of, personnel
– Injury to, or loss of, non-oil field personnel
– Damage to the environment
10
SCSSV Summary
SCSSV’s are designed to be “Fail-Safe” closed

Mandatory in US Federal waters
Must be set at least 100 ft below the Mudline
SCSSV use is either recommended or regulated
Mandatory in a growing number of land wells
Primary function is to “Close” which is at odds with production goals
11
SCSSV Design Basics
Two general types of Safety Valves

– Tubing Retrievable
– Wireline Retrievable (Insert Valve)
Wireline Insert Valve
Tubing Retrievable Valve
12
SCSSV Design Basics
Three Types of Service Classes

– Class 1 – Standard Service
– Class 2 – Sandy Service
– Class 3 – Stress Corrosion Cracking Service
13
Typical Well Schematic
Wellhead
Platform
Casing/Riser
Ocean
Seabed (Mudline)
Formation
14
ESD
The Emergency Shut Down system
is connected from the Platform to the Tree
for SCSSV control
Perforations
15
Production
Tubing
Hydraulic
Control Line
TRSCSSV
Stinger
Packer
16
Production
Tubing
The Production Tubing
is run inside the Casing
Hydraulic and allows produced
Control Line fluids to flow up from
the Perforations to the
Wellhead
TRSCSSV
Stinger
Packer
17
Production
Tubing
Hydraulic
Control Line
The Hydraulic Control
Line is run from the
TRSCSSV Wellhead to the
TRSCSSV and
strapped to the
Stinger Production Tubing
Packer
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Production
Tubing The TRSCSSV is run on
the Production Tubing
to a depth of at least
100 ft below the Seabed
Hydraulic (Mudline) per industry 100 feet min.
Control Line standards
Deeper settings could

TRSCSSV be needed to prevent
hydrate formation
Stinger The Hydraulic Control

Line is used to keep the
valve in the “OPEN”
position
Packer
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Tubing Hanger Basics
ESD
Hydraulics
Tubing
Hanger
Tubing
Hanger
Connection
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Tubing Hanger Basics
Typical Tubing Hangers

Hanger Tubing Connector
-or-
Hanger Through Connector
Tubing
Hanger
Connection
Production Casing
Tubing
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Safety Valve Components
All of the BJ Safety Valves have the same basic components
Hydraulic Piston
Flow Tube
Power Spring
Flapper

22
TR Safety Valve Components
The Tubing Retrievable Safety Valve has additional features specific to its design
BJ RFN Profile
Lock Profile Communication
Component

23
The Tubing Retrievable Safety Valve shown in the OPEN and CLOSED conditions
OPEN
CLOSED
24
The TR Hydraulic Input Port, Piston, and Communication Component are shown
for reference
Hydraulic
Control Line
Input Port Communication
Component

25
WR Safety Valve Components
The Wireline Retrievable Safety Valve also has function specific features
Lock
Upper Packing
Stack Spacer Adapter Lower Packing
Stack
Wireline Retrievable Valve

26
WR Safety Valve Components
The Wireline Retrievable Safety Valve with the corresponding Tubing Retrievable
Safety Valve
Wireline Landing Nipple

27
Technical Basics
Pressure = Force / Area

Pressure = lbs/sq in = psi
F
F
__
P= A
A
F = PA
P
p
_ 2
A = pR2 = D
4
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Technical Basics
The applied Force increases the

Pressure in the Chamber
Weight = 2040 lbf

Piston Diameter = 2.0 in
Area = p
_ 22 = 3.14 sq in
4
Force
_____
Pressure =
Area
2040 lbf
_______
Pressure =
3.14 sq in
Pressure = 650 psi

0 psi 650 psi
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Technical Basics
Pressure must be applied to generate

enough Force to lift the Weight
Applied Pressure = 900 psi

Piston Diameter = 2.0 in
Area = p
_ 22 = 3.14 sq in
4
Force = Pressure x Area
Force = 900 psi x 3.14 sq in
Force Capability = 2826 lbf

0 psi 900 psi
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Basic Safety Valve Operation
BJ’s Safety Valves are all Hydraulically Actuated

Control Line from the Valve to the Surface ESD
All Hydraulic Safety Valves have Characteristic
– Opening Pressures
– Closing Pressure
– Depend on the Valve Setting Depth - 1,000 ft or 2,000 ft
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Opening Pressure
– The hesitation in the pressure reading during the stroking of the Flow Tube during the
“Opening”, or pressuring-up, of the Safety Valve
– Higher than Closing Pressure
Closing Pressure
– The hesitation in the pressure reading during “Closing”, or pressure-relieving, of the
Safety Valve
– Lower than Opening Pressure
32
Opening Pressure (TR)

– Approx. 2,200 psi (1,000 ft setting depth valve)
Closing Pressure (TR)

33
Valve Orientation
34
Valve Opening Operation
35
Valve Closing Operation
36
Equalization Pressure
The Opening Pressure, Po on the Safety Valve

Piston generates a given amount of Force, Fo to
open the valve
For example (10,000 psi hydraulics, 1/2” diameter

Piston)
p
_
Fo = Po x Piston Area = 10,000 x 0.52 = 1,963 lbf
4
37
If the Flapper is closed against a Pressure

Differential, Pd the Flapper Force, Ff can become
IMPOSSIBLE to open with the Piston
For example (3,000 psi Pressure Differential, 4.0”

diameter Flapper)
p
_
Ff = Pd x Flapper Area = 3,000 x 4.02 = 37,700 lbf
4
38
To open the valve, the Pressure Differential

across the Flapper needs to be reduced or
eliminated
This can be done by pumping on top of the
Flapper until the valve is capable of opening
This is the recommended procedure for opening
all SV’s especially “Non-equalizing” Safety Valves
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To open the valve, the Pressure Differential

across the Flapper needs to be reduced or
eliminated
This can be done by pumping on top of the
Flapper until the valve is capable of opening
This is the procedure for opening a “Non-
Equalizing Valve”
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Free Flowing Well Conditions
Flowing Pressure – 6,000 psi

Pressure Above Flapper – 6,000 psi
Pressure Below Flapper – 6,000 psi
Control Line Pressure – 10,000 psi
Flapper Open
41
Shut-In Well Conditions
No Flow – Shut-In
Control Line Pressure – 0 psi
Flapper Closed
42
Trying to Open the Shut-In

Safety Valve
No Flow – Shut-In
Flapper Closed
43
Pumping the Completion

Tubing above the Safety Valve
No Flow – Shut-In
Flapper Closed
44

Flapper Open
45

Flapper Open
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Failsafe Setting Depth, FSSD
The Failsafe Setting Depth, FSSD depends on the following:

– Minimum Closing Pressure (from Functional Test Certificate)
– Maximum Hydraulic Fluid Gradient of the Completion Fluid (psi per ft)
– Setting Depth from the Tubing Hanger, or the Water Line (subsea well)
47
To calculate the FSSD

– Obtain the installation Completion Fluid Weight (pounds per gallon, ppg)
– Calculate the Maximum Hydraulic Fluid Gradient, MHFG
– Determine the Minimum Closing Pressure, PC (psi) from the Functional Test Certificate
or through field testing, record
MHFG (psi per foot) = Fluid Weight (ppg) x 0.052
48
Calculate the FSSD with the following
FSSD = 0.85 PC
______
For example MHFG
– Saltwater Completion Fluid = 8.6 ppg
– Closing Pressure = 1,200 psi
MHFG = 8.6 x 0.052 = 0.4472 psi per foot

FSSD = 0.85 x 1,200 = 2,280 ft
__________
0.4472
49
What does the FSSD of 2,280 ft mean?
– The Safety Valve must not be “Set” deeper than the this number
– The Setting Depth
– The distance from the Tubing Hanger to the Valve

-- or --
– The distance from the Water Line to the Valve
whichever is greater
50
The Setting Depth is

determined from the
largest column of fluid
standing on the Top
Piston Seal within the
valve.
If the Hydraulic Control

Line Fitting leaks, what
fluid and what column
height will try to push the
Piston down?
51
Tubing Hanger
Water Line
Platform Setting
Depth
Subsea Setting
Depth
TRSCSSV TRSCSSV
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The Failsafe Setting Depth, FSSD

– The Safety Valve must be set greater than 100 feet below the Mudline
– The Safety Valve must NOT be set greater than the calculated FSSD or it will not close!
The FSSD calculation is on the laminated “Quick Reference Card”
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Surface Opening Pressure
The Surface Opening Pressure, Pso

– Important not to exceed the rating of the surface equipment to actuate the valve
– Calculated from the total running depth
– Double-check field calculation
– Depends on the completion parameters
54
Rotary Kelly
Bushing (RKB)
Elevation, “EL”
Tubing Hanger
Airgap, “AG”
Water Line
Water Depth, “WD”
Mudline
Valve Depth, “VD”
TRSCSSV
Total Control Line Length = EL + AG + WD + VD
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Pso = Po + Pt + Psf - Ph
Po = Opening Pressure
Pt = Valve Rated Pressure
Psf = Safety Factor Pressure, 500 psi
Ph = Hydraulic Control Line Head Pressure
Ph = MHFG x Total Control Line Length
56
Example Calculation, Pso
Po = Opening Pressure - 2,200 psi

Pt = Valve Rated Pressure - 5,000 psi
Psf = Safety Factor Pressure - 500 psi
Ph = Hydraulic Control Line Head Pressure
Elevation, EL = 52 ft
Airgap, AG = 40 ft
Water Depth, WD = 240 ft
Valve Depth, VD = 200 ft
Ph = MHFG x Total Control Line Length = 0.4472 x (52+40+240+200)

Ph = 238 psi
Pso = Po + Pt + Psf – Ph = 2,200 + 5,000 + 500 – 238 = 7,462 psi
Pso must be LOWER than the surface hydraulic system rating, approx. 15,000 psi 57

– Must be lower than the surface hydraulic pressure rating (ESD) - 15,000 psi typical
– Subsea completions need to be cross referenced
– The Pso calculation is on the laminated “Quick Reference Card”
58
Opening a Non-Equalizing Valve against a Pressure Differential is

troublesome
If it is a Satellite Well, this is particularly difficult
During service, the Safety Valve must be cycled at least every six months
(API 14B)
If the valve closed during an ESD event, a Pressure Differential WILL exist
necessitating pumping to open the valve
For these reasons, “Equalizing Valves” were developed
59
Since the Opening Force, Fo is low relative to the

Flapper Force, Ff another means must be used to
allow the pressure below the Flapper to equalize
with the pressure above the Flapper.
p
_
Fo = Po x Piston Area = 10,000 x 0.52 = 1,963 lbf
4
60
Equalizing Safety Valves have an Equalizing Dart in

the Flapper
The Equalizing Dart has a slightly smaller diameter
than the Piston allowing the Piston and Flow Tube
to push it open under pressure
Once open, the Shut-In pressure above the Flapper
will increase until the Differential is eliminated
Equalizing Dart
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Closed Equalizing Dart
When the Safety Valve is in the Closed position, the

Equalizing Dart is closed and the Differential Pressure
below the Flapper is contained in the Well
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Opened Equalizing Dart
Hydraulic Pressure on the Control Line drives the Piston

and Flow Tube down into the Equalizing Dart exposing the
bypass holes
63
Pressure above the Flapper

is low, Head Pressure
Pressure below the Flapper

is higher than the Flowing Closed
Pressure Equalizing Dart
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Pressure above the Flapper

is slowly increasing
Pressure below the Flapper

is slowly decreasing slightly Opened
Equalizing Dart
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Pressure above and below

the Flapper are the same
Opened
Equalizing Dart
66

Flapper Open
67
Shut-In Well Conditions
No Flow – Shut-In
Control Line Pressure – 0 psi
Flapper Closed
68
Applying Control Line

Pressure to Open the
Equalizing Dart in the Flapper
No Flow – Shut-In
Pressure Above Flapper – Increasing
Equalizing Dart Open
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The Shut-In Pressure above

Flapper is increasing slowly
No Flow – Shut-In
Pressure Above Flapper – Increasing
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The Shut-In Pressure above

the Safety Valve Flapper is the
same as the Pressure below
No Flow – Shut-In
71
Safety Valve is Equalized and

Open, the Control Line has
lost pressure from stroking

Flapper Open
72
The Control Line pressure

should be increased before
the Well is re-opened

Flapper Open
73
Opening and Closing Traces
Hydraulic Control Line Traces are used during an API Functional Test to
determine
– Opening Pressure
– Closing Pressure
You have already seen Handpump Gauge representations for Opening and
Closing the Tubing Retrievable Safety Valve
The next slide shows the normal Opening and Closing Traces for a 1,000
foot rated Tubing Retrievable Valve
74
Opening and Closing Traces
Flowtube
Seated
Opening
Pressure Closing
Pressure
75
Operating Fluids
Control Line Fluids

– Hydraulic Petroleum-based Oil
– Water Glycol
– Proprietary Blends
Typical Control Line Fluids
– Tellus
– Oceanic
– Transaqua
76
Environmental Factors
Common Fouling Problems

– Paraffin
– Sand
– Hydrates
– Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials
– H2S Material Issues
– Scale
– Etc.
77
Valve Installation Field Requirements
Toolbox Requirements
Field Documentation
Safety Valve Order and Preparation
78
Recommended List of Toolbox Equipment has been compiled for BJ Field

Service Personnel
Increasing the pressure rating

79
Hydraulic Fittings
– Misc. 1/4” Swagelok® Fittings
– Pressure Gauges
– Isolation Valves
– Tubing Check Valves
Hydraulic Hand Pump
– Isolation Valve
– 0-15,000 psi Large Gauge
– Hose and Test Whip (316SS Ferrule for IDFC)
80
Hand Tools
– Wrenches
– Tubing Cutters
– Pipe Wrenches
– Torque Wrench
– Files, Utility Knife
– Hammers
– IDFC Make-up Block
– Tubing Bender
– Banding Tools
– Pliers, Files, Etc.
81
Consumables
– Teflon® Tape
– Stainless Steel Banding
– Stainless Steel Buckles
– Handpump Oil, or other
– Tubing Cutter Wheels
– Extra 1/4” Ferrules and Backups (316SS and others)
– Tie Wraps (3 per 30 foot Joint min)
– Emery Cloth
– Etc.
82
Miscellaneous Equipment
– Tape Measure (greater than 30 feet)
– Circumference Tape Measure (at least 36 inches long)
– Gloves, PPE’s
– Tally Book
– Stickers
– Etc.
83
Field Documentation
Field Documentation
– API 14A Certified Valve Functional Test
Report
– Valve Tech Manual (TM)
– Client Valve Packet
– List of Billables, Rates
– BJ Field Tally Book
– Quick-Reference Card
– BJ Ticket
84
The Order is taken including the following

information (API 14B, Appendix H)
– Operating Pressure
– Depth
– Polished Bore
– Metallurgy
– Equalizing
– Threaded Connections
– Flow Couplings, Pup Joints
85
The Control Line Material Selection

Parameters
– Wellhead Pressure
– Operating Pressure
– Banding Material Type
– Well Effluents
– Control Line OD and ID
– Continuous Control Line
– Connector Design
– Control Line Fluids
– Etc.
86
The Control Line Fluid Selection

Parameters
– Flammability
– Flash Point
– Solids Content
– Corrosiveness
– Compatibility
– Temperature Rating
– Density
– Viscosity
– Etc.
87
After Safety Valve specifics are determined…

– Upper and Lower Connections Cut (BTS-8, etc.)
– API Functional Test w/ Report
– Opening / Closing Pressures stamped on the valve
– Shipped to Field Office with a dowel, or plastic tubing under the Flapper to prevent
transit damage
88
Once the Safety Valve is at the Field Office…

– Re-tested to verify Opening / Closing Pressures
– Transit to an Assembly Company for the make-up of the end connections (Flow
Couplings, Pup Joints, Flow Pups, Box x Pin, Pin x Pin, etc)
– Shipping Report generated
89
The Assembly should be approximately 30 feet in Overall Length

Similar length to a joint of Completion Tubing
Flow
Couplings
Flow Pup Flow Pup
Pup Joints
Flow Pup Pup Joint
90
After the Safety Valve Assembly Makeup…

– The valve is held open with a Hand Pump by a BJ
Technician during assembly drift and pressure test
The “hold-open” pressure should be 5,000 psi over

the Assembly Test Pressure to keep the valve open
91
Once the Assembly is Pressure Tested…

– The valve is closed on another dowel kept in place with string run around both thread
protectors
92
The Assembly is shipped to the work site along with the Client Valve Packet
and Shipping Report
Two (2) Control Line Spools are also shipped
The Spools are pre-filled with the correct fluid
Duplicate Spools are needed if a Control Line is damaged during installation
(caught is Slips, etc.)
The TR Safety Valve is ready for Installation
93
Per API 14B, Appendix E the Shipping Report must have the following…
BJ Services will generate their own format
Reference API 14B & 14A
94
TR Pre-Installation Operations
On-Site Assessment
Required Measurements
Hand Pump Bench Testing
Documentation
95
On-Site Assessment (TR)
Once on-site, collect the following information

– Company (i.e. Amerada Hess)
– Location (i.e. High Island A-555, A3)
– OCS-G Number (i.e. 3773)
– Valve Serial Number (789)
– Valve Part Number, TM# (98765)
– Valve Type (i.e. 4-1/2 BTE-10)
– AFE Number (if applicable)
– Company Representative Name
– Completion Fluid Weight (i.e. 14.5 ppg CaBr2)
– Elevation, Airgap, Water Depth, Valve Depth, etc.
96
On-Site Assessment (TR)
Locate the following

– The Safety Valve Assembly
– Two (2) Control Lines
– Valve Documentation
– Toolbox and Hand Pump
– The Wellhead Representative
– Wellhead Fittings?
– Wellhead Special Procedures?
– Wellhead Pressure Rating?
97
Required Measurements (TR)
Once the Safety Valve is located, measure the following and record in the
Tally Book
– Opening and Closing Pressures stamped on the Safety Valve
– Pup Joint, Flow Coupling, or Flow Pup Lengths and Diameters
– The Safety Valve Length and Outside Diameters
Ø Upper Max Ø SCSSV Max Ø Lower Max
Upper Lengths SCSSV Length Lower Lengths
Overall Length 98
Hand Pump Bench Testing (TR)
Remove the Hydraulic Port Plug

KEEP THE PORT CLEAN
Attach the Hand Pump (IDFC)
Open the Safety Valve
Remove the Assembly End Caps
Remove the shipping dowel and strings
Visually check that the Flapper is OPEN
Inspect the Safety Valve for damage
FIELD REPAIRS CANNOT BE MADE TO AN API CERTIFIED SAFETY VALVE
99
Test the Safety Valve five (5) times

Record the “Field” Opening and Closing pressures
Record the number of strokes to move the Flow
Tube
Hold valve rated pressure on the hydraulics for
thirty (30) minutes
– 5,000 psi for 30 minutes on Deck
Replace the Port Plug
100
Attach a Swagelok whip to the Hand Pump

(remove IDFC whip)
Attach the Hand Pump to a Control Line Spool
Record the number of pumps to reach
0-1kpsi 1-2kpsi 2-3kpsi

9-10kpsi
Reference: Enerpac Hand Pump, 1,000 foot CL, 7 Pumps per 1,000psi,
Number of Pumps will become less after 5,000 psi
101
Pressure Test the Control Line Spool to 2,000 psi

over the Working Pressure of the Safety Valve for
five (5) minutes
Repeat for the other Control Line Spool
Fill the Hand Pump with the correct fluid as
needed
Record everything as needed
102
Installation Operations (TR)
Valve Running Setup

Fitting Preparation
Running, Strapping, and Banding
Space-out Operations
Tubing Hanger Connection
Tree Interface Connection
Documentation
103
Valve Running Setup (TR)
Have one of the Control Line Spools brought up to the Rig Floor
Mount the Spool such that the Control Line will be easily fed into the Well
– Spool on a section of pipe
– Pipe resting on saddles
– Pipe tied-off to superstructure
– Typically at the Driller’s discretion
– Etc.
104
Valve Running Setup (TR)
Have the Control Line come off the “Back” of the Spool as shown
If Hydraulic Slips are used, position the Spool in-line with the gap in the
Slips
105
Fitting Preparation (TR)
Locate the Make-up Block

Cut the end off the Control Line
DO NOT USE A WORN WHEEL!
Check the hole, remove burrs
Make a mark 2” from the end
Bend the Control Line from 45º-60º
106
IDFC Fitting (TR)
7/16” Wrench
925 Ferrule for the Safety Valve installation
Silver-plated threads
Not compatible with other fittings
NO INTERCHANGEABILITY
107
Slide an IDFC, Back-up Ferrule, and Ferrule (925) onto the Control Line
Tighten the fitting assembly 3/4-turn into the Make-up Block (approx. 12 ft-
lbs, 144 in-lbs)
Remove and inspect
The end of the Control Line should extend approximately 1/4” beyond the
Ferrule
108
Remove the Port Plug

Thread the IDFC Assembly into the Safety Valve
Pump on the Control Line Spool to purge air from the system
Tighten to 20 ft-lbs, 240 in-lbs (approx. 3/4 turn)
Check to make sure the tubing is not exposed to rubbing the Casing during
installation
109
Install a 15kpsi gauged isolation valve to the control line spool,

disconnect Hand Pump
Test the connection at the Safety Valve working pressure for fifteen (15)
minutes on the Rig Floor before running into the Well
– 10,000 psi test for a 10kpsi rated Safety Valve
– 5,000 psi test for a 5kpsi rated Safety Valve
The Safety Valve Installation Specialist can shut-down the Completion for
any reason
Remember to “remove the rubbers”, open the Hydril to allow Safety
Valve passage
110
Running, Strapping, and Banding (TR)
Triple Tie Wrap or Stainless Steel Band the

Control Line just above the Safety Valve
Run into the Well with the Control Line at the
Safety Valve rated working pressure (i.e. 5kpsi,
7.5kpsi, 10kpsi, etc.)
Strap the Control Line with three (3) Tie Wraps
per joint as shown, WATCH GAUGE!
111
Running, Strapping, and Banding (TR)
Tie Wraps not recorded

Clamps, etc. record each
Stainless Steel Banding
– Banding tools
– Hammer for buckles
– Appropriate snips
– Customer requested
– Pre-assemble straps
– Two per joint is typical
– Record how many
112
Space-out operations are directed by the person running the completion

Space-out is simply…
– Getting the correct spacing between the Tubing Hanger and the Stinger on the Permanent
Packer
– Getting a measurement
– Putting in the Tubing Hanger
– Keeping the Safety Valve OPEN while they trip up and down
Thru-plumbing, check valve, etc.
113
Could trip up and down several times the
distance between the Rig Floor and the
Tubing Hanger to get a measurement
Safety Valve needs to be open
An 8 Round Pup Joint will be used to lower
the Tubing Hanger into the Spool
8 Round
Typical
114
Before you cut the line, if a check valve is

deemed acceptable, make a “service wrap”
around the pipe
The wrap is for support and thermal expansion,
etc.
Tighten the Tie-wraps such that they pull the
wrap tighter
Check valve location depends on the Tubing
Hanger
115
Tubing Hanger Connection
The connection could be…

– 1/4” Tubing to 1/4” NPT
– 1/4” IDFC (use Make-up Block)
– Thru Control Line Connection (Fittings supplied by
Wellhead Representative)
– Other
116
After the Packer is stung and the Tubing

Hanger is landed
– The BOP is nippled down
– The Tree is Landed
– The Well could be circulated
The Safety Valve connection at the Tree will
need to be pressure tested with the Hand
Pump before connection to the ESD
117
Verify the operation of the Safety Valve

– Opening Pressure at Depth
– Closing Pressure at Depth
– Record Pressures
– Record Strokes to Open
Test the valve to 15,000 psi for thirty (30)
minutes
Leave wellhead connection with an Isolation
Valve and Gauge as directed
118
Documentation
Once the Safety Valve has passed the pressure test and is functioning
properly
– Record the Consumables
– Complete the Installation Documentation
– Sign all Installation Documentation
– Calculate the Ticket
– Present the Valve Packet and Ticket to the Company Representative
– Get his signature, keep your copies
– Move to the next Safety Valve Installation
119
Removal Operations (TR)
During a De-completion, once the Tubing Hanger is pulled…

– Remove the Control Line from the Tubing Hanger
– Attach a small valve or check valve to keep the Safety Valve open, if possible
– Trip out the Completion String cutting the banding or tie-wraps as needed
– Attempt to manage the Control Line such that it can be properly disposed of or recycled
– A spool is handy, but sometimes impractical
– “Bird’s Nest”
120
WR Pre-Installation Operations
On-Site Assessment
Required Measurements
Hand Pump Bench Testing
Documentation
121
On-Site Assessment (WR)
Once on-site, collect the following information

– Company (i.e. Amerada Hess)
– Location (i.e. High Island A-555, A3)
– OCS-G Number (i.e. 3773)
– Valve Serial Number (789)
– Valve Part Number, TM# (98765)
– Valve Type, Polished Bore Diameter, Lock Type
– AFE Number (if applicable)
– Company Representative Name
– Completion Fluid Weight (i.e. 14.5 ppg CaBr2)
– Elevation, Airgap, Water Depth, Valve Depth, etc.
122
On-Site Assessment (WR)
The calculations for the Wireline Safety Valve are identical to those used for
the Tubing Retrievable Safety Valve, make the calculations, record
The Lock used for the WR Safety Valve MUST correspond to the Profile in
the TR Safety Valve
Specific running instructions can be found in the WR Safety Valve Technical
Operating Manual as well as the Lock Operating Manual because several
types of Locks could be used
123
Required Measurements (WR)
Measure the following and record in the Tally Book

– Opening and Closing Pressures stamped on the Safety Valve
– Lock Diameter, Lock Type, Packing Lengths
– Spacer Adapter Length and Diameter
Ø Lock Ø Adapter Ø WRSCSSV Max
Upper Packing Spacer Adapter Length

Lower Packing Length
Length
124
Hand Pump Bench Testing (WR)
Locate the Field Test Cap

Test the Safety Valve five (5) times
Record the “Field” Opening and Closing pressures
Record the number of strokes to move the Flow
Tube
Hold valve rated pressure on the hydraulics for
thirty (30) minutes
125
Installation Operations (WR)
Packing Preparation
Well Preparations
Wireline Operations
Installation Testing
Documentation
126
Packing Preparations (WR)
Lubricate the V-Packing

Make sure the Packing is facing the correct direction
Re-assembly the Valve and Spacer Sub
127
Well Preparations (WR)
Occasionally, preparations are made to well

prior to running the Wireline Safety Valve such
as…
– Scraper runs
– Lock-out Tool runs
– Communication Tool runs
– Isolation Sleeve runs
– Etc.
128
Wireline Operations (WR)
Recommended wireline operations for a

WRSCSSV are proposed in API 14B, Appendix C
Reference Manuals
TRSCSSV w/Packing Lock Running Tool

and Spacer Adapter and Brass Prong Check-Set Tool GS Pulling Valve
129
Wireline Operations (WR)
The valve is run with a brass prong on the

Lock Running Tool to keep the Flapper open
during installation
130
Installation Testing (WR)
The TR Safety Valve must be Locked-out and Communicated Prior to WR

Safety Valve Installation
The Opening and Closing Pressures for the WR Safety Valve are almost the
same as the TR Safety Valve
WR Safety Valve inside the TR Safety Valve

131
Installation Testing (WR)
Function the valve five (5) times

Additional internal volume = “squishy” response
Need to have long “settling” times to get air out
Hold final pressure test to 15,000 psi for thirty (30) minutes
Hydraulic Fluid between TR Safety Valve and

WR Safety Valve 132
Documentation
Once the Wireline Safety Valve has passed the pressure test and is
functioning properly
– Record the Consumables
– Complete the Installation Documentation
– Sign all Installation Documentation
– Calculate the Ticket
– Present the Valve Packet and Ticket to the Company Representative
– Get his signature, keep your copies
– Move to the next Safety Valve Installation
133
Safety Valve Remediation
Troubleshooting
Failure Reporting
Valve Lockout
Valve Communication
134
Troubleshooting References
Production
Tubing
Hydraulic
Control Line
TRSCSSV
Stinger
Packer
135
Troubleshooting References
ESD
Hydraulics
Tubing
Hanger
Tubing
Hanger
Connection
136
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting applies to both TR and WR valves

Control Line unable to maintain pressure
– Control panel function, Hand Pump check system
– Loss of Control Line fluids (WR packing problem)
– Wellhead leakage, check test plugs for CL fluid
– If shut-in pressure = CL pressure, piston or packing leakage
– Bleed CL, pump on annulus, check if the CL pressure is the same
– Leak at Tubing Hanger connection
– Leak at the IDFC fitting
137
Troubleshooting
Failure to Equalize
– Double-check the Main Valve on the Tree is CLOSED
– Not enough equalization time, dependent on depth
– Insufficient Control Line pressure
Excessive Opening Pressure
– Trapped differential pressure under the Flapper
– Component galling, fouling, scale, paraffins, etc.
138
Troubleshooting
Instant Control Line Pressure Increase upon Actuation

– Blockage in the Control Line
– Kinked Control Line
– Wellhead mis-drilled
– Valve not Equalized
– Pump the Control Line to 15kpsi and measure returns at the Wellhead (to see Flow Tube
movement)
– Isolate the hydraulic system from the control panel to wellhead to the valve with a Hand
Pump
139
Troubleshooting
Failure to Close
– Most serious problem
– Sand, scale, paraffins
– Flow Tube damage
– FSSD exceeded
– Heavy annulus fluid, leaking IDFC
– Use Flow Tube Exercise Tool
– Scraping runs
– Acidizing treatments
– Displace with diesel
– Lockout, Communicate, insert Wireline Safety Valve
140
Failure Reporting
Failure reporting is required from

the operator to the manufacturer
Failure reporting per API 14B,
Appendix D
141
TR Valve Lockout
The Lockout Tool (LOT) is run on wireline and locates in the BJ RFN Profile in
the Tubing Valve
The LOT is used to shift the Flow Tube and push the Flapper into the Open
position
Once the Flow Tube is down, it is permanently “deformed” into the Open
position, SV control lost
142
TR Valve Lockout
143
TR Valve Lockout
Reference the Lockout Tool Technical Operating Manual for more detailed
assembly, running, and pulling instructions for the LOT
144
TR Valve Communication
The Communication Tool (COM) is also run on wireline and locates in the BJ
RFN Profile in the Tubing Valve
The COM opens the existing hydraulics within the Tubing Safety Valve for the
Wireline Insert Safety Valve by impacting and breaking the Communication
Component
145
146
Reference the Communication Tool Technical Operating Manual for more

detailed assembly, running, and pulling instructions for the COM Tool
147
Training Class Exam
The exam is “Open-Book”

Only sixteen (16) questions
Answers will be discussed in class
Addresses the most fundamental issues with running Safety Valves
148
Training Class Questions
Training Class Questions?
149
SCSSV Training School
150
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SCSSV Training School

Oil fires in Kuwait - 1991

In 1982, a sour gas-well blew near the small town of

On December 23, 2003, a gas-well blowout near the

SCSSV’s are designed to be “Fail-Safe” closed

Two general types of Safety Valves

Wireline Insert Valve

Tubing Retrievable Valve

Three Types of Service Classes

Wireline Insert Valve

Tubing Retrievable Valve

Deeper settings could

Stinger The Hydraulic Control

Typical Tubing Hangers

All of the BJ Safety Valves have the same basic components

Wireline Insert Valve

Tubing Retrievable Valve

Tubing Retrievable Valve

Tubing Retrievable Valve

Wireline Retrievable Valve

Wireline Retrievable Valve

Wireline Landing Nipple

Wireline Retrievable Valve

Tubing Retrievable Valve

Pressure = Force / Area

The applied Force increases the

Weight = 2040 lbf

Pressure = 650 psi

Pressure must be applied to generate

Applied Pressure = 900 psi

Force = Pressure x Area

Force = 900 psi x 3.14 sq in

Force Capability = 2826 lbf

BJ’s Safety Valves are all Hydraulically Actuated

Opening Pressure (TR)

Closing Pressure (TR)

The Opening Pressure, Po on the Safety Valve

For example (10,000 psi hydraulics, 1/2” diameter

If the Flapper is closed against a Pressure

For example (3,000 psi Pressure Differential, 4.0”

To open the valve, the Pressure Differential

To open the valve, the Pressure Differential

Free Flowing Well Conditions

Flowing Pressure – 6,000 psi

Shut-In Well Conditions

Trying to Open the Shut-In

Pumping the Completion

Free Flowing Well Conditions

Flowing Pressure – 6,000 psi

Free Flowing Well Conditions

Flowing Pressure – 6,000 psi

The Failsafe Setting Depth, FSSD depends on the following:

To calculate the FSSD

MHFG (psi per foot) = Fluid Weight (ppg) x 0.052

Calculate the FSSD with the following

MHFG = 8.6 x 0.052 = 0.4472 psi per foot

What does the FSSD of 2,280 ft mean?

– The distance from the Tubing Hanger to the Valve

The Setting Depth is

If the Hydraulic Control

The Failsafe Setting Depth, FSSD

The Surface Opening Pressure, Pso

Total Control Line Length = EL + AG + WD + VD

The Surface Opening Pressure, Pso