Experiment No:4 DFT Implementation: AIM: To Find N Point DFT of A Given Sequence

EXPERIMENT NO:4
Date : 14-07-2010
DFT IMPLEMENTATION
AIM : To find N point DFT of a given sequence.
% without function
clc; close all; clear all;
x=input('enter the sequence');
N=input('enter the length of DFT');
len=length(x);
if N>len
x=[x zeros(1,N-len)];
else if N<len
x=x(1:N);
end;
end;
W=exp(-j*2*pi/N);
n=[0:1:N-1];
k=[0:1:N-1];
nk=n'*k;
W=W.^nk;
X=x*W;
subplot(3,2,1);
stem(x);
subplot(3,2,2);
stem(n,abs(X));
subplot(3,2,3);
stem(n,angle(X));
14
RESULT
enter the sequence [1 2 3];

enter the length of DFT 3
input sequence dft amplitude

4 10
amplitude
2 5
0 0
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
time
dft phase
5
-5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
%using function
X=fft(x,N);
n=0:1:length(X)-1;
subplot(3,2,5);
stem(n,abs(X));
subplot(3,2,6);
stem(n,angle(X));
15
RESULT
enter the sequence [1 2 3];

input sequence dft amplitude

4 10
amplitude
2 5
0 0
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
time
dft phase
5
-5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
16
EXPERIMENT NO:5
Date : 21-07-2010
IDFT IMPLEMENTATION
AIM : To find inverse DFT (IDFT) of a given DFT sequence.
% without function
clc;close all;clear all;
x=input('enter the sequence');
N=input('enter the length of DFT');
len=length(x);
if N>len
x=[x zeros(1,N-len)];
else if N<len
x=x(1:N);
end;
end;
W=exp(-j*2*pi/N);
n=[0:1:N-1];
k=[0:1:N-1];
nk=n'*k;
W=W.^(-nk);
X=(x*W)/N;
subplot(2,2,1);
stem(abs(x));
title('abs(x)');
subplot(2,2,2);
stem(n,X);
title('inverse dft')
xlabel('time');
17
ylabel('amplitude');
RESULT
enter the sequence[2 1+1*i 0 1-1*i]

abs(x) inverse dft

2 1
1.5
am plitude
1 0.5
0.5
0 0
1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3
time
%with function
xr=ifft(x,N);
subplot(2,2,3);
stem(abs(x));
title('abs(x)');
subplot(2,2,4);
stem(n,xr);
title('inverse dft')
xlabel('time');
ylabel('amplitude');
18
RESULT
enter the sequence[2 1+1*i 0 1-1*i]

abs(x) inverse dft

2 1
1.5
amplitude
1 0.5
0.5
0 0
1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3
time
19
EXPERIMENT NO:6
Date : 28-07-2010
FIR FILTERS
AIM : To write a program in matlab for implementing FIR filters.
% FIR FILTERS
clc;
clear all;
clf;
rp=input('enter the passband ripple');
rs=input('enter the stopband ripple');
fp=input('enter the passband frequency');
fs=input('enter the stopband frequency');
f=input('enter the sampling frequency');
wp=2*fp/f;
ws=2*fs/f;
num=-20*log10(sqrt(rp*rs))-13;
den=14.6*(fs-fp)/f;
n=ceil(num/den);
n1=n+1;
if(rem(n,2)~=0)
n1=n;
n=n-1;
end;
y = boxcar(n1);
%low pass filter

b=fir1(n,wp,y);
20
[h,o]=freqz(b,1,256);
m=20*log10(abs(h));
subplot(2,3,1);
plot(o/pi,m);
title('low pass');
ylabel('Gain in dB');
xlabel('Normalised frequency');
%high pass filter

b=fir1(n,ws,'high',y);
[h,o]=freqz(b,1,256);
m=20*log10(abs(h));
subplot(2,3,2);
plot(o/pi,m);
title('high pass');
%band pass filter

wn=[wp ws];
b=fir1(n,wn,y);
[h,o]=freqz(b,1,256);
m=20*log10(abs(h));
subplot(2,3,3);
plot(o/pi,m);
title('band pass');
%band stop filter

wn=[wp ws];
21
b=fir1(n,wn,'stop',y);
[h,o]=freqz(b,1,256);
m=20*log10(abs(h));
subplot(2,3,4);
plot(o/pi,m);
title('stop band pass');
RESULT
Low pass, high pass, band pass and band stop filters are implemented and output
waveforms obtained.
enter the passband ripple=0.05
enter the stopband ripple=0.04
enter the passband frequency=1500
enter the stopband frequency=1200
enter the sampling frequency=9000
low pass high pass band pass

50 20 0
0 -20
0
Gain in dB
Gain in dB
Gain in dB
-20 -40
-50
-40 -60
-100 -60 -80

0 0.5 1 0 0.5 1 0 0.5 1
Normalised frequency Normalised frequency Normalised frequency
stop band pass
10
0
Gain in dB
-10
-20
0 0.5 1
Normalised frequency
22
EXPERIMENT NO:7
Date : 04-08-2010
BUTTERWORTH IIR FILTERS
AIM : To write a program in matlab for implementing IIR filters
% IIR LOW PASS FILTERS

clc;
clear all;
clf;
wp=input('enter the passband frequency');
ws=input('enter the stopband frequency');
fs=input('enter the sampling frequency');
w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[n,wn]=buttord(w1,w2,rp,rs);
[b,a]=butter(n,wn);
w=0:0.01:pi;
[h,om]=freqz(b,a,w);
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('low pass IIR filter');
23
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
ylabel('phase');
RESULT
enter the passband ripple.5

enter the stopband ripple50
enter the passband frequency200
enter the stopband frequency400
enter the sampling frequency1000
low pass IIR filter

200
0
Gain in dB
-200
-400
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
2
phase
-2
-4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
24
%IIR HIGH PASS FILTERS
clc;
clear all;
clf;
w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[b,a]=butter(n,wn,'high');
w=0:0.01:pi;
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('high pass IIR filter');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
ylabel('phase');
25
RESULT

enter the passband frequency400
enter the stopband frequency200
high pass IIR filter

100
0
Gain in dB
-100
-200
-300
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
2
phase
-2
-4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
26
%IIR BAND PASS FILTERS
clc;
clear all;
clf;
w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[b,a]=butter(n,wn);
w=0:0.01:pi;
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('band pass IIR filter');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
ylabel('phase');
27
RESULT

enter the passband frequency[800 1200]
enter the stopband frequency[500 1500]
band pass IIR filter

200
0
Gain in dB
-200
-400
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
2
phase
-2
-4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
28
%IIR BANDSTOP FILTER
clc;
clear all;
clf;
w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[b,a]=butter(n,wn,'stop');
w=0:0.01:pi;
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('stop pass IIR filter');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
ylabel('phase');
29
RESULT
enter the passband frequency[800 1500]
enter the stopband frequency[1000 1200]
stop pass IIR filter

100
0
Gain in dB
-100
-200
-300
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
2
phase
-2
-4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
30
EXPERIMENT NO:8
Date : 01-09-2010
CHEBYSHEV FIRST ORDER FILTERS
AIM : To write a program in matlab for implementing CHEBYSHEV

FIRST ORDER filters.
%CHEBYSHEV FIRST ORDER LPF

rp=input('enter pass band ripple');
rs=input('enter stop band ripple');
wp=input('enter pass band freq');
ws=input('enter stop band freq');
fs=input('enter sampling freq');
w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[n wn]=cheb1ord(w1,w2,rp,rs);
[b a]=cheby1(n,rp,wn);
w=0:0.01:pi;
[h om]=freqz(b,a,w);
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('magnitude response of chebyshev first order lpf');
31
xlabel('normalised freq');
ylabel('gain');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
title('phase response of chebyshev first order lpf');
ylabel('phase');
RESULT
enter pass band ripple.5

enter stop band ripple50
enter pass band freq1000
enter stop band freq1500
enter sampling freq5000
magnitude response of chebyshev first order lpf

0
-100
gain
-200
-300
-400
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
phase response of chebyshev first order lpf
4
2
phase
-2
-4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
32
%CHEBYSHEV FIRST ORDER HPF
w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[b a]=cheby1(n,rp,wn,'high');
w=0:0.01:pi;
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('magnitude response of chebyshev first order hpf');
ylabel('gain');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
title('phase response of chebyshev first order hpf');
ylabel('phase');
RESULT
33
magnitude response of chebyshev first order hpf

0
-100
gain
-200
-300
-400
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
phase response of chebyshev first order hpf
4
2
phase
-2
-4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
34
%CHEBYSHEV FIRST ORDER BPF
w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[b a]=cheby1(n,rp,wn,'bandpass');
w=0:0.01:pi;
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('magnitude response of chebyshev first order bpf');
ylabel('gain');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
title('phase response of chebyshev first order bpf');
ylabel('phase');
RESULT
35
enter pass band freq[1000 1200]
enter stop band freq[800 1500]
magnitude response of chebyshev first order bpf

0
-200
gain
-400
-600
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
phase response of chebyshev first order bpf
4
2
phase
-2
-4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
36
%CHEBYSHEV FIRST ORDER BSF
w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[b a]=cheby1(n,rp,wn,'stop');
w=0:0.01:pi;
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('magnitude response of chebyshev first order bsf');
ylabel('gain');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
title('phase response of chebyshev first order bsf');
ylabel('phase');
37
RESULT

magnitude response of chebyshev first order bsf

100
0
gain
-100
-200
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
phase response of chebyshev first order bsf
4
2
phase
-2
-4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
38
EXPERIMENT NO:9
Date : 08-09-2010
CHEBYSHEV SECOND ORDER FILTERS
AIM : To write a program in matlab for implementing CHEBYSHEV

SECOND ORDER filters.
%CHEBYSHEV SECOND ORDER LPF

w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[b a]=cheby2(n,rp,wn);
w=0:0.01:pi;
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
39
title('magnitude response of chebyshev second order lpf');
ylabel('gain');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
title('phase response of chebyshev second order lpf');
ylabel('phase');
RESULT

40
magnitude response of chebyshev second order lpf
0
-20
gain
-40
-60
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
phase response of chebyshev second order lpf
2
1
phase
-1
-2
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
%CHEBYSHEV SECOND ORDER HPF

w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
41
[b a]=cheby2(n,rp,wn,'high');
w=0:0.01:pi;
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('magnitude response of chebyshev second order hpf');
ylabel('gain');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
title('phase response of chebyshev second order hpf');
ylabel('phase');
RESULT

42
magnitude response of chebyshev second order hpf
0
-10
gain
-20
-30
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
phase response of chebyshev second order hpf
2
1
phase
-1
-2
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
%CHEBYSHEV SECOND ORDER BPF

43
w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[b a]=cheby2(n,rp,wn,'bandpass');
w=0:0.01:pi;
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('magnitude response of chebyshev second order bpf');
ylabel('gain');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
title('phase response of chebyshev second order bpf');
ylabel('phase');
RESULT

44
magnitude response of chebyshev second order bpf
200
0
gain
-200
-400
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
phase response of chebyshev second order bpf
4
2
phase
-2
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
%CHEBYSHEV SECOND ORDER BSF

45
w1=2*wp/fs;
w2=2*ws/fs;
[b a]=cheby2(n,rp,wn,'stop');
w=0:0.01:pi;
m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(om/pi,m);
title('magnitude response of chebyshev second order bsf');
ylabel('gain');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(om/pi,an);
title('phase response of chebyshev second order bsf');
ylabel('phase');
RESULT

46
magnitude response of chebyshev second order bsf
20
0
gain
-20
-40
-60
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
phase response of chebyshev second order bsf
2
1
phase
-1
-2
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
normalised freq
47

Experiment No:4 DFT Implementation: AIM: To Find N Point DFT of A Given Sequence

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Experiment No:4 DFT Implementation: AIM: To Find N Point DFT of A Given Sequence

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EXPERIMENT NO:4

AIM : To find N point DFT of a given sequence.

enter the sequence [1 2 3];

input sequence dft amplitude

enter the sequence [1 2 3];

input sequence dft amplitude

AIM : To find inverse DFT (IDFT) of a given DFT sequence.

enter the sequence[2 1+1*i 0 1-1*i]

abs(x) inverse dft

enter the sequence[2 1+1*i 0 1-1*i]

abs(x) inverse dft

AIM : To write a program in matlab for implementing FIR filters.

%low pass filter

%high pass filter

%band pass filter

%band stop filter

low pass high pass band pass

-100 -60 -80

BUTTERWORTH IIR FILTERS

AIM : To write a program in matlab for implementing IIR filters

% IIR LOW PASS FILTERS

enter the passband ripple.5

low pass IIR filter

enter the passband ripple.5

high pass IIR filter

enter the passband ripple.4

band pass IIR filter

stop pass IIR filter

CHEBYSHEV FIRST ORDER FILTERS

AIM : To write a program in matlab for implementing CHEBYSHEV

%CHEBYSHEV FIRST ORDER LPF

enter pass band ripple.5

magnitude response of chebyshev first order lpf

magnitude response of chebyshev first order hpf

magnitude response of chebyshev first order bpf

enter pass band ripple.5

magnitude response of chebyshev first order bsf

CHEBYSHEV SECOND ORDER FILTERS

AIM : To write a program in matlab for implementing CHEBYSHEV

%CHEBYSHEV SECOND ORDER LPF

enter pass band ripple.5

%CHEBYSHEV SECOND ORDER HPF

enter pass band ripple.5

%CHEBYSHEV SECOND ORDER BPF

enter pass band ripple.5

%CHEBYSHEV SECOND ORDER BSF

enter pass band ripple.5

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