Table of Contents

Cover............................................................................i
Introduction.................................................................ii
Table of contents.........................................................iii

Motion in One Dimension

1. Motion...........................................................................1

2. Distance and Displacement........................................2

3. Speed and Velocity......................................................4

4. Acceleration.................................................................11

5. Motion In One Dimension With Constant

Velocity.........................................................................17

6. Motion In One Dimension With Constant

Acceleration.................................................................22

7. References...................................................................26

ii
 introduction

“Hi, My name is Prof.

Phy, I love Physics.
Let’s study with me.”
prof.phy

me is Doni.
“Hi, My na
rs old. My
I’m 15 yea
Nusantara
school is in
h S c h o o l.
S e n io r H ig
y h o b b ie s are reading
M
d s w im m in g . Thank You.”
an
doni

“Hi, My na
me is Nico
I’m 15 yea .
rs old. My
is sport. I hobby
love Physic
very well. s
Thank you.
”

NICO

iii
 1. MOTION
Hi, I’m Fine.
Hello Bro.
Yes I have a
How are you?
great holiday.
How about
What about
your holiday?
you?

Me too .
Can you help me?
I wanna ask you What is it?I
about Physics. will answer it,
if I can hihi...

Ok. What I think

is motion? motion is
when we move
from a place
to another

YEAH
Right, An object called
move if its position changes.”

home school
ooooh, like YES, It
we go from home to is .
school
right?

1
 2. Distance and Displacement

Thank you
You’re
Don. It’s time
Welcome Nic,
to go home
Okay Let’s go.
Don. Let’s go!

KRIIIIIIINGGGG!!! KRIIIIIIINGGGG........

KRIIIIIIINGGGG!!! KRIIIIIIINGGGG........

What is the distance

to the tree and back
here again?
school

History Of
Sir Issac Newton

50 meters 30 meters

The distance is
30m+50m+ Yes, You’re
50m+30m=160 right !. What
is the
meters, isn’t it?
displacement?

Why are you

silent?. The
displacement is
zero.

2
 2. Distance and Displacement

Okey let’s ask

WHY??? Prof.Phy about
this .

Distance is the length of track followed by

object/particle . Distance is an example of a
scalar quantity. Displacement is an example of
a vector quantity. Many other physical
quantities, including position, velocity, and
acceleration, also are vectors. In general, a
vector quantity has direction and magnitude.
Displacement is xf-xi . (xi = initial position and
xf=final position)

To test your understanding of this difference ,

consider the motion depicted in the diagram below. A
physics teacher walks 4 meters East, 2 meters South,
4 meters West, and finally 2 meters North.

Even though the physics teacher has

walked a total distance of 12 meters, his
displacement is 0 meters. There is no
displacement for his motion (displacement = 0
m). He is back again.

http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1dkin/u1l1c.cfm

3
 2. Distance and Displacement

A 25 B 35 C 45 D
In kilometres

Let’s Discuss!!
1. What is the distance of a car from A-B-C-D-C-B?
2. What is the displacement of a car from A-B-C-D-C-B?

A 25 B 35 C 45 D
In kilometres

Answer :
1. The distance of a car from A-B-C-D-C-B is
25 km + 35 km + 45 km + 45 km + 35 km = 185 km

A 25 B 35 C 45 D
In kilometres
answer :
2. The displacement of a car from A-B-C-D-C-B
xi = A ; xf = B . So the displacement is xf-xi =25km-0km=25 km.

Check Your Understanding!

1. What is the displacement of the cross country team

if they begin at the school, run 100 km and finish back
at the school?

2. What are distance and displacement of the race car

drivers in the circuit 50 km ?

check your understanding answer !

http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1dkin/u1l1c.cfm

4
 3. SPEED and VELOCITY

http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2010/11/07/article-1327486-0BF38AB8000005DC-952_634x431.jpg

What is Speed?
You might describe the motion of an airplane as fast or
slow. By using these words, you are describing the object's
speed. The speed of an object is the distance the object
moves per unit of time.
To calculate the speed of an object, divide the distance
the object travels by the amount of time it takes to travel
that distance.

Distance
Speed =
Time
If you were measuring the distance in meters
and time in seconds, the SI unit for speed is meters
per second, or m/s. For example, an airplane might
travel at a constant speed of 260 m/s. It means that
the airplane will travel a distance of 260 meters in
1 second. Other units of distance include kilometers
(km) and centimeters (cm).
Another unit of time that often used in
measuring speed is hours (h). A typical speed limit for
cars on city streets is about 40 km/h.

5
 3. SPEED and VELOCITY

Airplane move to the east

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8QUN_-Yt0ds/TfijV3M9GlI/AAAAAAAAB8k/5IGYFHnY8UY/s1600/n250_03.jpg

Velocity is a vector quantity. So that,

velocity is speed given direction. When
evaluating the velocity of an object, one must
keep track of direction. It would not be enough
to say that an object has a velocity of 155
km/hr. One must include direction information in
order to fully describe the velocity of the
object. For instance, you must describe an
object's velocity as being 155 km/hr,east.

http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1dkin/u1l1d.cfm

Check Your Understanding!

1. Which of the following is a correct way to report an

example of the speed of an object?
A. 50 s/m B. 50 m/km
C. 50 m/s D. 50 s/km

2. Which of the following statements describes

velocity?
A speed in a given direction
B change in speed
C change in direction
D distance traveled per unit of time

3. How are speed and velocity different?

6
 SPEED and VELOCITY

What is the different

between speed and velocity?

Ok, I will explain it.

Please be focus!

Point Speed Velocity

Quantity scalar quantity vector quantity

Direction Without Direction With direction

Distance Displacement
Formula Speed = Velocity =
Time Time

Check Your Understanding!

A kangarro jumps from a place to tree and he back
again to the place . Total time is 20 seconds . How
about speed and velocity of kangarro?

40 m

20 m

Displacement A-B-A = 0 m (no displacement)

Distance A-B-A =40 m+40 m=80 m (total distance)
Speed = distance/time = s/t = 80m/20s= 4m/s
Velocity = displacement/time = s/t = 0m/40s = 0 m/s

A 40 m
B
A B
7
 3. SPEED and VELOCITY
Let’s go home .Tomorrow
Oh I see . Thank is running event . Do you
You Prof.Phy. join the event?

I FORGET

OMG!!!! IT! . LET’S

GO HOME
QUICKLY!!!

TOMORrOW!!!
300 m Running event
Nusantara
Senior High School

grade Grade
2 Hey Nic, 3
I will be the
don’t be winner in this
arrogant. event!. I’m
There will be DONI NICO the fastest
some runners 33 32 runner !
from grade 2
and 3

8
 3.SPEED and VELOCITY

kelas kelas I can run 18

2 Ok, I will tell you 3
about them. meters in 6
second, Don !

NICO
32

Rendi from grade Zacky from grade

2 was the winner 3 was the winner
last year . He two years ago .
ran 200 meters in He ran 72 meters
40 second. in 12 second.
rendi zacky
10 99

i don’t care
i will be the
Nico
winner this year!!
32

Calculating Average Speed and Average Velocity

The average speed of particle, a scalar quantity, is
defined as the total distance traveled divided by
total time interval use the following formula:
Distance
Average Speed =
Time
In contrast, the average velocity is often computed
using this formula

Displacement
Average Velocity =
Time

9
 3. SPEED and VELOCITY

V=18m/6s

ISH
FIN
nico
V=72m/12s
zacky
V=200m/40s
rendi

300m

v Nico = 18m/6s = 3m/s

v Zacky = 72m/12s = 6m/s
v Rendy = 200m/40s = 5m/s
So the fastest is ....

t Nico = vs = 300 m
3 m/s = 100s

t Zacky = sv = 300 m
= 50s
6 m/s

t Rendi = sv = 300 m
5 m/s
= 60s

Yes, the fastest is Zacky.

He can run with velocity
6m/s to the east and his
speed is 6 m/s. He can
finish in 50 seconds.

zacky! zacky!
zacky!
champion
and the
winner
1 zacky!
st
is..........
10
 3. SPEED and VELOCITY

PROK
on
champi

PROK
PROK rendi
zacky
99
NICO
32
PROK 10

PROK
PROK
2 1 3 PROK
2 3 Yes Don, Thank
Don’t be sad you. I will try it
Nic. You harder next
year.
have done it NICO
very well. 32

2 3 Thank you!
Good. Keep
Absolutely i will
smile and keep trying! .
keep trying !
NICO
32

KRIIIIIIINGGGG!!! KRIIIIIIINGGGG........

KRIIIIIIINGGGG!!! KRIIIIIIINGGGG........

2 The Bell is
3 Okey.
ringing. Let’s go !
Let’s go
home! NICO
32

11
 3. SPEED and VELOCITY

Speed

s
v= t v = speed (m/s)
s = distance (m)
t = time (s)

s=v.t t=sv

and the velocity’s

formula is......

Velocity

s
v= t v = velocity (m/s)
s = displacement (m)
t = time (s)

s=vxt t=sv
12
 ACCELERATION

-When the velocity of a particle changes with

time, it is said to be accelerating.

-Positive acceleration is when the object’s

velocity and acceleration in the same
direction.The object is speeding up

-Negative acceleration is when the object’s

velocity and acceleration are in opposite
directions, the objects is slowing down

Check Your Understanding!

Which of the following statements describes acceleration

?

A. speed in a given direction

B. change in speed/velocity
C. change in direction
D. distance traveled per unit of times

Physics is really Don’t forget to

access the site
fun ! .I will
for your knowledge
answer that
of Physics! .
question!

13
 4. ACCELERATION
Did you Yes, I did. How
remember ? our lucky,driver
school bus will stops the school
crush goats? bus and we were
safe.

The Bus ran 40km/h

(v0) and it increased
into 65km/h (vt) .
vt= 65km/h
v0 = 40km/h
brum....
SCHOOL BUS
brum....
brum....

Then three goats ran into the

street and driver applied the
brake until stop.

US
SCHOOL B
mbeeeek mbeeeek ciiiiiiitttttt!!!
mbeeeek

mbeeeek

So, what is the

velocity of a bus at
that moment?

SCHOOL BUS

Velocity of the
bus was zero,
because it was
stopped.

14
 4. ACCELERATION

That moment was

He eh Bro,
an example of
Right!
acceleration right?

Velocity of the bus increases from 40km/h to 65 km/h.

It is called positive acceleration because velocity and
acceleration were in the same direction.

brum....
v SCHOOL BUS
brum....
a brum....
Velocity of the bus decreases from 65km/h to 0 km/h
because the bus was stopped. It is called negative
acceleration because velocity and acceleration were in
opposite direction.

v US
SCHOOL B
a ciiiiiiitttttt!!!
mbeeeek

mbeeeek

Changing velocity, whenever an object's

velocity changes, the object accelerates. For
example, velocity of a car increases when you
step on the gas and decreases when you apply
the brakes.

Average acceleration is change of

velocity (m/s) divided by time interval
2

during with that change occurs.

a= vt = vt vtt 0
SCHOOL BUS
2 1

15
 4. ACCELERATION

A car’s velocity is 20 m/s then driver brakes the car

because the red lamp light. The car is stop after 10
s. How much is the acceleration of car now?
v= 20 m/s

cii
iit
a a

a=v -v
t =
t 0m/s-20m/s
0
10s =
-20m/s
10s =-2 m/s2

v0= 20 m/s t=10s vt= 0 m/s

cii
iit
a

a = average acceleration(m/s2)
v = velocity interval (m/s)
t = time interval (s)

v
a= t

16
 5. MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION
WITH CONSTANT VELOCITY

That’s
my home
OK let’s
go!

Okey. Let’s Yeah.

do the
homework. Let’s do
it now!

What is
motion in one
dimension?

Motion in one
dimension is motion
in straight line.

For example, when you go to school by bicycle, you have a straight track
to your school, that is the motion in one dimension. There are two
motions.
1. One dimension motion with constant velocity
2. One dimension motion with constant acceleration
Okey, What’s one
dimensional motion
with constant
velocity?

17
 5. MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION
WITH CONSTANT VELOCITY

It is motion of object
in straight track with
constant velocity

60 km/hour

A man is riding horse at a constant

velocity 60 km/h in straight track of
savana .

A car travels at
constant velocity
80km/h in
straight street.

Buldozer pulls sand

2km/hour in straight
road.

So, what’s specification of that

motion?
1. The track is straight? YES
2. Velocity is constant? YES
3. Acceleration? There is NO
acceleration

18
 5. MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION
WITH CONSTANT VELOCITY

This is one dimensional motion with constant

speed
s =v t
v=s s = distance (m)
t
s
t=v
t = time (s)
v = speed (m/s)

This is one dimensional motion with constant

velocity
s =v x t
v=s s = displacement (m)
t
s
t=v
t = time (s)
v = velocity (m/s)

v - t graph
v (m/s) Velocity of an
object always
v constant with
increasing time.

t (s)
s - t graph
At the same
time interval,
s
(m)
an object
reaches same
distance too.
t (s)

Do you understand?.
Let’s check your
understanding!.

19
 PHYSICS EXTRA!
example

table A
v
4 4
4
4
4
4
1 2 3 4 t (s)

example

table B

Good!
Try again
guys!
 5. MOTION IN ONE DIMENSIONAL
WITH CONSTANT VELOCITY

Check Your Understanding!

A car is travelling at constant speed 15m/s,
calculate it:
a. What is the distance during 4 s?
b. how long does the car needs for 3 km?

v= 15 m/s

Let’s a. s = v t
calculate ! = 15m/s . 4 s 3 km = 3000 m

= 60 m

b. t =
s = 3000 m = 200 s
v 15 m/s

v - t graph What is the distance

during 4 s ?
v
(m/s)
4 calculate !
s = wide
= width x height
= 5s x 4m/s = 20 m
5 t (s)
s-t graph
s
Calculate !
8
a. an object speed!
b. distance during 10 s !

answer : 4
a. v = s = 8 m = 2 m/s
t 4s

b. s = v x t
= 2 m x 10 s = 20 m 2 4
t
Easy, right? Now give examples
of one dimensional motion with
constant velocity in our daily
life.

20
 5. MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION
WITH CONSTANT VELOCITY

Check Your Understanding!

v (m/s)

160

40

2 4
t (s)

From the graph, what is the

distance during 4 seconds?

solution :

21
6. MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION
WITH CONSTANT ACCELERATION

Ohh yes I know. Ok

then what is one
dimensional motion
with constant
acceleration?

Motion in straight track

with constant
acceleration. In other
word, velocity is not
constant.

Acceleration is
constant,
Right?.

Yeah it’s right !.

let’s we discuss
with Prof. Phy !!!

Oke, we will study

about that. Let’s
START !

22
 PHYSICS
EXTRAS!

1 vx = v0x + axt

vx = ½ (v0x + vx)

2
? x= v0x vx- v0x + 1/2ax vx- v0x
ax ax

3
 6. MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION
WITH CONSTANT ACCELERATION

velocity increase in time

v

a
+a(positive acceleration)
constant positive acceleration

velocity decrease in time

constant negative acceleration -a(negative acceleration)

THE FORMULAS !!!

1
vt = v0 + at s = v0t + 2 at2 vt2= v02 + as
vt = velocity in time a = acceleration (m/s2 )
(m/s) s = distance (m)
v0 = initial velocity (m/s)
t = time (s)

v-t graphic
(2) v
(1) v (m/s)
(m/s)

a(+) a(-)
v0

t (s) t (s)
0 0

Picture (1)
a(+) and v (+) it means acceleration and
velocity are in same direction

Picture (2)
a(-) and v (+) it means acceleration and
velocity aren’t in same direction

23
 6. MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION
WITH CONSTANT ACCELERATION

s - t graphic
(2) s
(1) s (m/s)
(m)

a (+) a (-)

t (s) t (s)
0 0

Picture (1)
The graphic show even time increases, the
distance interval is increases too.

Picture (2)
The graphic show even time increases, the
distance interval is decreases.

Check Your Understanding!

A car moves with v0 = 0 (car is stopped) and the
acceleration is 10 m/s2
Calculate it :
a. s?
b. speed after 3 s (vt) ?

v0=0 v after 3 s?
s?

Let’s a) s = v0t + 1/2 at2

calculate because v0= 0 , So...
it !.
s = 1/2 at2
= 1/2 (10)(3)2
= 45 m

24
6. MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION
WITH CONSTANT ACCELERATION

b) vt = v0 + at
So...
vt = 0 + (10)(3)
= 30 m/s
So speed is 30m/s
after 3 s

Time from car stopped until speed 20

m/s is 4 s. What is the distance in
that time?

v0=0 vt=20m/s
t=4s
s?
Before we calculate the distance (s), we must
find the acceleration (a)
vt= v0 + at s = v0t + 1/2 at2
20 m/s = 0 + a(4) s = 0 + 1/2.5.42
20 m/s = a(4) = 40 m
a = 20 /4
a= 5 m/s2

OK.
THAT’ S ALL OF
MOT ION IN ONE DIMENSION,
SEE YOU IN NEXT CHAPTER.!

THANK YOU.

25
 References

Foster, B. 2011. Terpadu Fisika SMA Jilid 1A untuk kelas X Semester I. Jakarta : Erlangga.

Serway & Jewett. 2004 . Physics for Scientists and Engineers 6th Edition. Thomson
Brooks/Cole.

Surya, Y. 2009. Mekanika dan Fluida Buku 1. Tangerang : PT Kandel.

Azar, Betty Schampfer. 1989. Understanding and Using English Grammar. United States of
America : Prentice Hall Regents.

26