How does Total Quality Management differ from Scientific Management?

What
are the differences and similarities? What is your preferred management
philosophy? Why?

Response to the following 5 students.

Wei:

The main difference between Total Quality Management and Scientific

Management is that TQM deals more with an organization's employee's
performances, while Scientific Management involves running and managing the
activities of the organization. Therefore, Total Quality Management is a system that
ensures all members of staff show committed maintaining the high standards of work
in every aspect of the company (Ross, 2017). Scientific Management involves
managing the business based on the principles of efficiency built from experiments in
methods of production and day to day activities (Shafritz et al., 2015). Both theories
revolve around the business perspective and the day to day activities of the business.
Furthermore, both theories guide the organization on how to run the business.
Therefore, both focus on the well-being of the transaction allowing the company to
meet the objectives and targets. Also, both theories rely on principles formed from the
past experiences of the business.
However, the theories are a bit different. As Total Quality Management
focuses on employee performance to benefit the organization, Scientific Management
focuses on following principles learned from past experiences to run the business.
One theory focuses on the employees while the other approach is broad, focusing on
running the company as a whole. I prefer scientific management over total quality
management. In my opinion, scientific management focuses on the entire
organization, which also accommodates employees. It means that the principles apply
to all departments and categories in the organization. Therefore, the policies do not
focus on one part of the organization but focus on the bigger picture. For an
organization to achieve its objectives, then it needs to have a plan which
accommodates all the departments showing how they contribute to the business.
References
Ross, J. E. (2017). Total quality management: Text, cases, and readings.
Routledge.
Shafritz, J. M., Ott, J. S., & Jang, Y. S. (2015). Classics of organization theory.
Cengage Learning.
Jialu:

Before we compare, we need to understand the definition of Total Quality

Management and Scientific Management. As we can see from the name,
Total Quality Management is a comprehensive management of quality that
measures quality-related measures for all levels of people in the organization
(Murray, 2019). The quality management is designed to meet the
requirements of the project, and Total Quality Management is to help us find a
way to improve quality to meet or exceed customer expectations. It is a way to
make quality a central part of management, and management plays an
important role in this approach, and they will act as a driving force to create an
environment for quality methods for employees (Murray, 2019).

For Scientific Management, this is the management method proposed by

Frederick Taylor to maximize productivity (Mulder, n.d.). This method
professionalizes everyone's work, and workers are assigned to different tasks
and repeat work. In this approach, everyone has a dedicated way to perform
tasks to achieve cost savings and resources (Priya, 2019). The main
implementation groups of these two methods are different. The main
motivation of the former one is senior management, while the latter is the
professional division of labor to improve quality management. They are similar
in that they are designed to improve project quality and reduce costs, and
both link the role of manpower to quality.

In my opinion, I prefer the Scientific Management. Sometimes the standardization

process does not play its biggest role because the difference between people leads to
differences in the handling of the same problem, so personalized analysis of the
professionalism of different people can help improve efficiency. Also, this method emphasizes
the importance of cooperation, not only between employees and employees but also between
the upper and lower levels. Collaboration can greatly help the management of project quality
and help the organization achieve the desired results.
References
Mulder, P. (n.d.). Scientific Management and Taylorism. Toolshero. Retrieved from
https://www.toolshero.com/quality-management/scientific-management/
Murray, M. (2019). Total Quality Management (TQM) and Quality Improvement. The balance
small business. Retrieved from https://www.thebalancesmb.com/total-quality-management-
tqm-2221200
Priya, C. (2019). Scientific Management. The Investors Book. Retrieved
from https://theinvestorsbook.com/scientific-management.html

Ruiqi:

Total Quality Management and Scientific Management

Management in organizations entails the alignment of processes to achieve strategic
goals. Managers undertake various roles that ensure effectiveness of corporate
functions. The top, intermediary, and supervisory managers comprise an
administrative hierarchy. Therefore, firms utilize top quality management and
scientific management models to achieve its objectives, including improved
performance and enhanced customer satisfaction.
 Significant differences exist between the aforementioned models. The scientific
theory highlights concepts that can enhance total productivity from workers (Uddin &
Hossain, 2015). Managers aim to maximize performance by observing behavioral
trends and training employees to operate within predetermined conditions. Therefore,
it fosters good worker-manager relationships. The total quality philosophy suggests
that management is a cumulative process that encompasses organizational staff (Al-
Qahtani, Alshehri, & Abdaziz, 2015). Hence, it is based on values common among the
involved stakeholders. The outcome ensures that all personnel undertake an active
involvement in decision making and production processes. However, the theories
differ in the inclusion of workers into administrative functions.
The two models highlight a common goal of workers’ inclusion. The scientific
approach favors employees by analyzing parameters such as hygiene, wages, and
living standards to improve productivity (Uddin & Hossain, 2015). Similarly, total
management ensures the integration of staff to realize improved performance in
companies. Hence, both theories aim at organizational output through better human
resource management.
I prefer the TQM philosophy because it focuses on equipping workers with
prerequisite skills and autonomy to contribute to significant corporate decisions.
Moreover, the central aim comprises improved productivity and enhanced customer
satisfaction to improve their competitive advantage. Therefore, companies can adopt
TQM to achieve collective goals.
References
Al-Qahtani, N. D., Alshehri, S. S., & Abdaziz, A. (2015). The impact of total quality
management on organizational performance. European Journal of Business and
Management, 7(36), 119-126.
Uddin, N., & Hossain, F. (2015). Evolution of modern management through taylorism: An
adjustment of scientific management comprising behavioral science. Procedia
Computer Science, 578-584.

Dekun:
Total quality management is basing on building a set of scientific,
rigorous and efficient quality system with product quality as the core,
so as to provide all activities of products or services to meet the needs
of users. It is to take quality management as the center and all staff
participation as the basis with a purpose of making the organization
achieve long-term success by making all stakeholders satisfied and
benefiting the owners, employees, suppliers, partners or the society of
the organization.
Significance:
*Improve product quality & design
*Accelerate production process
*Encourage employees' morale and enhance quality awareness
*Improve product service
*Improve market acceptance
*Reduce the cost of business quality
 *Reduce operating loss
*Reduce on-site maintenance costs
*Reduce liability accidents
The founder of scientific management is Frederick Winslow Taylor.
Taylor's scientific management is a significant forward for the
traditional experience management, and its central problem is to
improve labor productivity. Taylor believes that the fundamental
purpose of scientific management is to seek the highest labor
productivity, and the highest work efficiency is the basis for employers
and employees to achieve common prosperity. To achieve the highest
work efficiency, an important means is to replace experience
management with scientific and standardized management methods.
In my view I prefer the Total Quality Control. The first part is that in
cost control it is timely and comprehensive. Waste is ordinary in
traditional enterprises: overproduction, unnecessary movement of
parts, redundant actions of operators, waiting for work, unqualified or
reworked quality, inventory, etc. to eliminate all activities that cannot
add value in the production process, that is, to eliminate waste. The
second part is continuous improvement, which is another brand-new
corporate culture. The implementation of total quality management, the
transformation from traditional enterprises to lean enterprises and the
benefits of lean production.

Reference:
Total Quality Management, Thomas Sandholm, ISBN9787501744794
Scientific Management, F.W Taylor
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge PMBOK Guide－
Project Management Institute（2017）
Project Quality Management Why, What and How, 2nd Edition

Yumeng:

Total quality management is a management framework based on the belief

that an organization can build long-term success by having all its members,
from low-level workers to its highest ranking executives, focus on improving
quality and, thus, delivering customer satisfaction. (Rouse, M.
2019) Scientific management implies the art of knowing exactly what is to be
done and how it is to be done. According to F. W. Taylor (1911), scientific
management is the substitution of exact scientific investigations and
knowledge for the old individual judgment or opinion in all matters relating to
the work done in the shop. TQM and scientific are all focus on the people in
the company, but they have different principles. For TQM, the principles are
continuous improving on the use of strategy, data and effective
communication to instill a discipline of quality into the organization's culture
and processes. (Rouse, M. 2019) TMQ is aiming to decrease waste and
improve efficiency by ensuring that the production process of the
organization's product is done right the first time. On the other side, the
scientific management's several principles are: standardization of work and
methods; equal division of work between management and workers; scientific
selection of workers and their progressive development; mutual collaboration
of the workers and management. Scientific management help to make the
quality process more accuracy.

For me, I prefer to scientific management. I think this management philosophy

can manage the project's quality in an accuracy way and help to improve the
efficiency. Making everyone know exactly what to be done and how to do their
work will increase the efficiency of the whole process. In my organization, our
leader use this method to manage quality. This can help us clarify our tasks
and low down timing waste to finish our work.

Reference

Rouse, M. (2019) Total quality management. Retrieved

from: https://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/Total-Quality-Management