Name ____________________ Date __________ Per ___________
Empire _ _______Ottoman Empire_______________________________
Important People
Janaissairies- army of the Empire –
1300s – belonged to the Sultan –
responsible for guarding sultan’s family
– young boys taken from Christian
families and trained to become Janissary
and loyal to the Sultan – This gave the
young boys the opportunity to become
productive
and wealthy – They had to be celibate
so that their attention would be
dedicated to the army. – They were
unbeatable! –
OSMAN GAZI – 1st Sultan of the Empire
Named “Black” which meant brave
heroic person – fair and helped the
poor, giving them clothes when in need
– brought new laws and adopted new
taxes – made the first Ottoman coins –
SULEYMAN – known as the “Just”, “The
Magnificent”, “Lawmaker” and “The
Conqueror” – showed fairness which
enabled loyalty and lessened rebellion –
known for his military strategy – was a
poet and encouraged the arts within his
empire.
Gave money to support poor artists- had
a strong government and allowed
women to be a part of it – laws were
called “Kuanuni” and no one was
allowed to change them – against
corruption and thought his purpose was
to protect Islam against non-believers –
maintained the culture of the Ottoman
Empire at its highest! -
Empire Notes
Power & Control Accomplishments Fall from Power
1300AD Weapon that gave them an advantage Feared and powerful and did not fall easily –
City state in the beginning. >cannons slowly declined over many years – Only
Strong military. towards the 20th century, after WWI, did they
Went without ruler for 11 At first, when taking over territories, lose power – Suleyman’s sons fought for
years – 1402-1413AD. treatment of people was fair and just – power and one of them was defeated by the
Civil War for 11 years. practiced religious tolerance – not other – sons were done away with out of fear
1520-1566 under Sultan forced to become a religion other than of their increasing power –
Suleyman The Magnificent. who they were – controlled through
Controlled North Africa, E. kindness
Europe and Middle East –
when they had the most Harem – Sultans married many wives –
power. 1669(Treaty of house filled with wives!
Karwlowitz)- Ottomans are Women in harems had an influence on
defeated for the 1st time and the Sultan with regard to policies -
forced into signing a peace
treaty with Europe. This was LASTED FOR 600 YEARS!
the beginning of their
decline. 1914 WW1 –
Ottoman Empire sided with
Germans – lost a large
portion of their land – near
the end of the Empire. 1922-
End of Ottoman Empire. First
to create cannons and a
calvary (men on horseback)
Name ____________________ Date __________ Per ___________
Empire MUGHAL EMPIRE
Important People
Babar – 1526-1530 – 1st
emperor to rule India –
Shah Suri – collected taxes,
depending how much land
you owned – provided
common man with fair
treatment – built up the
environment by planting
trees, roads, making well and
inns for travelers –
Akbar – great conqueror of
land – religious tolerance for
others ****
This helped control the
empire because it maintained
respect, lowering possibility
of rebellion –
Appointed enemies as
advisors!!! –
Jehanqir –tolerant towards
Hindus, Christians, and
Jewish people –
Interest in architecture and
literature – infused it into his
empire.
Empire Notes
Power & Control Accomplishments Fall from Power
1526 – Babur invades  Tried to make the empire equal, 1707-1856 – last important emperor died
India w/12,000 men without discrimination in 1707 – Aurangzeb – undid all the
army – took over  Akbar – one of the greatest cultural accomplishments of Akbar –
Northern India and peacemakers of the times
took over Capitol of  Akbar believed that taxes should be During reign of Aurenzeb, stopped
Delhi – fought against equal for Muslims and Hindus religious tolerance – prosecuted non-
a 400,000 man army!  Patron of the arts regardless of religion Muslims – rebellions began against him
– Son Akbar takes over  Even let Hindus advise him as part of and what the Empire had become –
later and maintains his government weakened Empire – he died, followed by
strength of empire. –  Promoted diversity in his government entrance of Europeans
Height of empire  Built a centralized gov’t., giving himself
under rule of Shah the power!
Jahan- built the Taj  United religions, avoiding conflict,
Mahal dedicated to increasing peace
his wife who died -  Shah Jahan – Taj Mahal built for wife-
greatest artifact of India!
 Ming Empire NOTES :
Name ____________________ Date __________ Per ___________ Empire Notes
HONGWU, CONFUCIANISM, EXAMINATION SYSTEM, GREAT WALL,
FORBIDDEN CITY, ZHENG HE, ISOLATIONISM, BANKRUPTCY
MING EMPIRE
Important People Power & Control Accomplishments Fall from Power
ISOLATIONISM – ZHENG HE: A SAILOR WHO GOES AS FAR AS
HONG WU: PEASANT CHINA CLOSES it AFRICA WITH HUGE SHIPS TO PICKUP NEW No trade means no money, not
FARMER IN CHINA WHO border to foreigners, TECHNOLOGY AND ANIMALS. As a result, making new technology because it
LEADS A REVOLT AGAINST stops trading, and emperor believes that the world has does not learn from new cultures.
FOREIGN MONGOLS WHO thinks it’s the best nothing to offer China and pursues
ARE OVERTAXING. country in the world isolationism.
and does not need
to learn from other EXAMINATION SYSTEM: A system for
cultures. testing govt. officials to make sure the best BANKRUPTCY: Ming empire makes no
man gets the job. money because of isolationism, falls
Confucianism: apart.
Ancienty philosopy/ FORBIDDEN CITY: A city within Beijing
religion that stresses
obedience and GREAT WALL: LONGEST EVER UNDER THE
loyalty to family and MING, USED TO PROTECT AND CONTROL
country, lessens FROM MONGOLS.
likelihood of
rebellion

Name______________ Date ____________ Per______________
Important People Power & Accomplishments
Control
Kangxi – Emperor when he was Generation of peace and
sixteen – Emperor for 61 years – best prosperity – Ming
of China’s emperors – trained from the collapsed – Qing took
age of 7 – gave all peasants a piece of over – ruled for more
land – had lots of children!!! – children than 260 years! – wanted
fought over succession to the throne – to stretch borders to
Yongzheng – 4th son – brothers fought Mongolia and Tibet –
against him – only emperor for about some were against this –
3 years – they needed to gain the
Wuzetian – 1st woman Empress – took respect of the opposition
advantage of sons to become –lowered taxes, still held
Empress – destroyed those in her way Confucious beliefs –
- Kangti (Emperor) –gained
respect be giving
common people jobs in
govt. – had help from
Jesuits – armed with
nomads at borders,
keeping them safe –
supported by Euro.
Missionaries -
KANGXI, MANCHURIA, BANNER SYSTEM, DUAL SYSTEM, QUEUE,OPIUM WAR,
Fall from Power
 1644-1911
 Strong army system known
as the Banner System –
organization through
chains of command –
highly disciplined –
executions as a result of
weak links –
 Low taxes
 Good trade
 Focus on art, education,
culture
 Inventions: toilet paper,
watches, opium (medicine)
 Technological advances
Qing Empire NOTES :
ruled from
 All men were to wear identifying
braid called queue
 1850 Christian convert starts
rebellion – as a result, Qing
moved to isolation which will
cause their downfall
 Opium Wars – between
Europeans and China – European
want to sell heroin to Chinese –
Chinese need to stop sale of
heroin – Europe says if you don’t
buy from us we will attack you
until you do.
 Chinese lose Opium Wars
 Corrupt government

 TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE NOTES :
Tokugawa Ieyasu, daimyo, shogun, emperor, peasants, bushido, hostage
Name______________ Date ____________ Per______________
system, Mathew Perry, Meiji Restoration, ruled from

See PPT
Important People Power & Accomplishments Fall from Power
Control
 Aztec Empire NOTES :
Tenochtitlan, Aqueducts, Religion, Human Sacrifice, Montezum, Cortez,
Name______________ Date ____________ Per______________ small pox, ruled from

Important People Accomplish- Power and Control Fall from Power

ments
Montezuma – elected  Sun calendar – 1111- wandering 1519 – Cortez arrives and
as their emperor- built organized nomads, trying takes emperor as
military to extend Aztec events in to find a place to
prisoner – Mexico is left
influence – causing society- settle – 1325 – without a ruler and loses
anger because of the advanced found Lake power
increase in taxes to study of Texacoco –  Cortez originally
support army – astronomy Mexico - looking for gold
Quetzalcoatl – First  Gum establishment of  Cortez brought
King that allowed  Grind cocoa their empire – smallpox with him –
human sacrifice - beans 1428 – formed a Aztecs die as a
priests unhappy b/c  Popcorn Triple Alliance – result
sacrifice did not follow  Compulsory convinced  Montezuma
religious law – sacrifice education enemies to join misinterpreted
was for the purpose of  Antispasm and share in the Cortez’s mission –
keeping the gods happy medicine wealth of the killed as a result
– it was a sign of honor  Created the empire –  Cortez got help in
– prisoners of war and concept of the defeating Aztecs
criminals were number zero SACRIFICE WAS A from those who
sacrificed – THIS WAS A  Religion – gods FORM OF disapproved of
FORM OF CONTROL!! - for specific CONTROL – human sacrifice
CONTROL
 purposes – THROUGH FEAR
 Architecture –
pyramids –
had stairs on
the outside to
transport
those being
sacrificed
 Aqueducts –
creation for
the purpose of
bringing fresh
water into
cities – kept
the city clean
 Inca Empire NOTES :
Pachacuti, Machu Piccu, Terracing, Road System, Montezuma,
Name______________ Date ____________ Per______________ Small pox, Hernando Cortez, ruled from

Important People Power & Accomplishments Fall from Power

Control
 Manco Capac-conquered
 1200-1572 Freezing food
Creating musical instruments
Arrival of Spanish –
and created the Inca Empire  Cuzco – 1st brought smallpox
 Pachacuti – built the
famous city of Machu Pichu
settlemen 
 Athualpa – kidnapped by  Expanded
Pizarro,conquistador – held
for the largest ransom in
to Chile,
history – was killed anyway Bolivia
and
Argentina
 Complex
system of
roads –
allowed to
keep
order b/c
of easy
access
 Had
runners –
messen-
gers
 Built
terraces –
on
mountains
– looked
like rings
around
mountain
 Songhay Empire NOTES :
,
Name______________ Date ____________ Per______________

Important People Power & Accomplishments Fall from Power

Control