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STRATEGIC
STRATEGIC
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
(Computer-Based)

Prepared by:
REORINA C. MINAO T-I
Don Carlos National High School
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STRATEGIC
INTERVENTION
MATERIAL

Solving Quadratic Equation

by Completing the Square
Least Mastered Competency
* Solving Quadratic Equation by Completing a Square
Sub Tasks:
*Identifying quadratic equation
*Determining a perfect square trinomial
*Expressing Perfect Square trinomial as a square of a binomial
*Solving quadratic equation by completing the square.
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GUIDE CARD
A quadratic equation in one variable is a mathematical sentence of
degree 2 that can be written in the following form;
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐
𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 ≠ 0.
In the equation, 𝑎𝑥 2 , is the quadratic term, 𝑏𝑥 is the linear term, and 𝑐
is the constant term.

Example:
2𝑥 2 + 5x + 3 = 0
𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 5, 𝑐 = 3

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Activity 1. Quadratic or Not

Determine the given expression as quadratic or
not. Write Q if it quadratic and NQ if it is not.
__________1. 𝑥 + 5 = −2
__________2. 𝑥 2 − 5 = 𝑥
__________3. −2𝑥 2 =0
__________4. 𝑥 − 10 = 3𝑥
__________5. 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 = −1

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On Quadratic Equation
A quadratic equation in one variable is a mathematical sentence of degree 2 that
can be written in the following form;
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐
𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 ≠ 0.
In the equation, 𝑎𝑥 2 , is the quadratic term, 𝑏𝑥 is the linear term, and 𝑐 is the
constant term.

Why do you think a must

Why do you think a must not be
not be equal to zero?
equal to zero? ans

Example:
2𝑥 2 + 5x + 3 = 0
𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 5, 𝑐 = 3

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Substituting 𝒂 = 𝟎 in the equation

𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎

will yield a linear equation. So 𝒂 must

not be equal to zero

illustration

𝟎𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎
𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎

The derived equation is in first degree

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Activity 2: Am I a Perfect Square Trinomial or Not?

Determine each of the following whether it is a

perfect square trinomial or not. Write PST if it is
a perfect square trinomial and NPST if it is not.
_________1. 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 2
_________2. 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 How
How do you
do you
2 describe aa
describe
_________3. 4𝑥 − 8𝑥 + 2 perfect square
perfect square
2 trinomial?
_________4. 𝑥 − 6𝑥 − 9 trinomial?

_________5. 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4
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Perfect Square Trinomial

First and last terms are perfect square.
Middle term is twice the product of the square
root of the first and last terms.
Example:
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑑𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚

4𝑥 = 𝑥 2 ∙ 4
first and last term
(perfect squares)
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Activity 3. Transform Me!

Express each of the given trinomial as a square
of a binomial.
1. 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 ∶ ___________
2. 𝑦 2 − 12𝑦 + 36: ___________ How to transform a
2 PST to a square of
3. 𝑧 − 10𝑧 + 25: ___________ a binomial?

4. 𝑤 2 + 16𝑤 + 64: ___________

5. 𝑎2 + 14𝑎 + 49: ______________
ans
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1. 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 ∶ 𝑥 − 2 2

2. 𝑦 2 − 12𝑦 + 36: 𝑦 − 6 2

3. 𝑧 2 − 10𝑧 + 25: 𝑧 − 5 2

4. 𝑤 2 + 16𝑤 + 64: 𝑤 + 8 2

5. 𝑎2 + 14𝑎 + 49: 𝑎+7 2

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How to solve QE using completing the square

method?

Another method of solving quadratic

equation is by completing the square. This
method involves transforming the quadratic
equation 𝑎𝑥 2 = 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 into the form (𝑥 −
ℎ)2 = 𝑘, where 𝑘 ≥ 0.

What are the steps in solving

QE by completing the
square?
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Steps in solving QE by
completing the square

1. Divide both sides of the equation by a then simplify.

2. Write the equation such that the terms with variables are on
the left side of the equation and the constant term is on the
right side.
3. Add the square of one-half of the coefficient of x on both
sides of the resulting equation.

What happens to the left side of the equation? ans

4. Express the perfect square trinomial on the left side of the

equation as a square of a binomial.

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Steps in solving QE by
completing the square: Cont…

5. Solve the resulting QE by extracting the

square root. Add the square of one-half of the
coefficient of x on both sides of the resulting
equation.
6. Solve the resulting linear equation.
7. Check the solution obtained against the
original equation.

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Example: Solve the quadratic equation
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 10 = 0 by completing the square.
Solution: Divide both sides of the equation by 2 then simplify.
2 2𝑥 2 +8𝑥−10=0
2𝑥 + 8x − 10 = 0 =𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5 = 0
2
Add 5 to both sides of the equation, then simplify.
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5 = 0 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5 + 5 = 0 + 5
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 = 5
Add to both sides of the equation the square of one-half
of 4.
1
4 =2 22 =4.
2

𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 = 5 → 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 5 + 4
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 9
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Express 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟒 as a square of a binomial.

𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟒 = 𝟗 → 𝐱 + 𝟐 𝟐 = 𝟗
Solve 𝒙 + 𝟐 𝟐 = 𝟗 by extracting the square root.
𝒙+𝟐 𝟐 =𝟗 →𝒙+𝟐 =± 𝟗
𝒙 + 𝟐 = ±𝟑
Solve the resulting linear equations.

𝑥+2=3 𝑥 + 2 = −3
𝑥+2−2=3−2 𝑥 + 2 − 2 = −3 − 2
𝑥=1 𝑥 = −5

Check the solutions obtained against the original equation 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 − 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟎

For 𝑥 = 1: For 𝑥 = 5:

2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 10 = 0 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 10 = 0
2 1 2 + 8 1 − 10 = 0 2 −5 2 + 8 −5 − 10 = 0
2 1 + 8 − 10 = 0 2 25 − 40 − 10 = 0
2 + 8 − 10 = 0 50 − 40 − 10 = 0
0=0 0=0
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𝑩𝒐𝒕𝒉 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒙 𝒔𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒔𝒇𝒚 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒈𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏.
𝑺𝒐 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟎
𝒊𝒔 𝒕𝒓𝒖𝒆 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒙 = 𝟏 𝒐𝒓 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒙 = −𝟓

Answer :𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟎

has two solutions: x = 1 and x = -5

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Direction: Factor the following and Select the correct answer.

𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟔𝒙 + 𝟔𝟒 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝟔

𝟐
𝑨. 𝒙 − 𝟖 A. 𝒙 + 𝟒 𝟐

𝟐 𝟐
𝑩. 𝒙 + 𝟒 𝑩. 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐
𝟐
𝑪. 𝒙 + 𝟖 C. 𝒙 + 𝟔 𝟐

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𝟏 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝒙𝟐 𝟏 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝟔𝒙𝟐
𝑨. 𝟐 + 𝒙 𝟐 𝟐
𝑨. 𝟏 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙
𝑩. 𝟏 + 𝒙 𝟐 𝟐
𝑩. 𝟏 + 𝟑𝟔𝒙
𝑪. 𝟏 − 𝒙 𝟐 𝟐
𝑪. 𝟏 − 𝟔𝒙

𝟗𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒𝟖𝒙 + 𝟔𝟒 𝟗𝒙𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏

𝑨. 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟖 𝟐 𝟐
A. 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟏
𝟐 𝟐
𝑩. 𝟗𝒙 + 𝟖 𝑩. 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏
𝟐
𝑪. 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟖 C. 𝟗𝒙 + 𝟏 𝟐

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Direction: Solve the following Quadratic equation by completing the square

𝒙𝟐 + 𝟕𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟎
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟓 = 𝟎
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎
𝟒𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝟐𝒙 = −𝟐𝟖

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1. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟕𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟎 2. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟓 = 𝟎
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟕𝒙 = −𝟏𝟐
𝟒𝟗 𝟒𝟗 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 = −𝟓
𝟐
𝒙 + 𝟕𝒙 + = −𝟏𝟐 + 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟗 = −𝟓 + 𝟗
𝟒 𝟒
𝟕 𝟐
𝟏 𝒙+𝟑 𝟐 =± 𝟒
𝒙+ = 𝒙 + 𝟑 = ±𝟐
𝟐 𝟒
𝟕 𝟏 𝒙+𝟑=𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟑 = −𝟐
𝒙+ =± 𝒙 = −𝟐 − 𝟑
𝟐 𝟒 𝒙=𝟐−𝟑
𝟕 𝟏 𝒙 = −𝟏 𝒙 = −𝟓
𝒙+ =±
𝟐 𝟐
Therefore, the solutions are -1 and -5
𝟕 𝟏 𝟕 𝟏
𝒙+ = 𝒙+ =− Click for 3 and 4 solution
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝟕 𝟏 𝟕
𝒙= − 𝒙=− −
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 = −𝟑 𝒙 = −𝟒

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3. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎 4. 𝟒𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝟐𝒙 = −𝟐𝟖

𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 = −𝟏𝟓 𝟒𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝟐𝒙 = −𝟐𝟖
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟔 = −𝟏𝟓 + 𝟏𝟔 𝟒
𝒙+𝟒 𝟐 =𝟏 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙 = −𝟕
𝒙+𝟒=± 𝟏 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟔 = −𝟕 + 𝟏𝟔
𝒙 + 𝟒 = ±𝟏 𝒙−𝟒 𝟐 =𝟗
𝒙−𝟒=± 𝟗
𝒙+𝟒=𝟏 𝒙 + 𝟒 = −𝟏 𝒙 − 𝟒 = ±𝟑
𝒙=𝟏−𝟒 𝒙 = −𝟏 − 𝟒
𝒙 = −𝟑 𝒙 = −𝟓 𝒙−𝟒=𝟑 𝒙 − 𝟒 = −𝟑
𝒙=𝟑+𝟒 𝒙 = −𝟑 + 𝟒
Therefore, the solutions are -3 and -5 𝒙=𝟕 𝒙=𝟏

Therefore, the solutions are 7 and 1

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Use the figure as a guide. Let x be the length of a side of the square piece of
metal. The box will have a height of 1 foot and its square base will have x-2
as the length of a side. The volume of the box is therefore

Length x width x height = 𝟏 𝒙 − 𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟐 = 𝒙 − 𝟐 𝟐

Since the volume of the box is to be 4 cubic feet,

𝒙−𝟐 𝟐 =𝟒
𝒙 − 𝟐 = ±𝟐
x 𝒙 − 𝟐 = −𝟐
1 𝒙−𝟐=𝟐
𝒙=𝟎
1
𝒙=𝟒 or

x-2 Discard the solution 𝒙 = 𝟎

because length cannot be zero.
Therefore, the sheet metal should be
4 feet by 4 feet
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Answer key

Activity 1. Quadratic or Not

Assessment Card 1

Activity 2: Am I a Perfect Square

Trinomial or Not?

Assessment Card 2

Activity 3. Transform Me!

1. 𝒙 − 𝟐 𝟐

2. 𝒚 − 𝟔 𝟐
𝟐
3. 𝒛 − 𝟓
4. (𝒘 +
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&

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Reference Card

Learner’s Material-Mathematics IX, First Edition pp. 35-45.

Alferez, Duro et al. MSA ADVANCED ALGEBRA. MSA Publishing House.

Quezon city, Philppines, 2012 pp. 58-63.

http://www.themathpage.com/alg/perfect-square-trinomial.htm

http://mathbitsnotebook.com/Algebra1/Factoring/FCPerfSqTri.html

http://www.onemathematicalcat.org/algebra_book/online_problems/word_problems_
perfect_squares.htm