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• Naturally-occurring mixtures
of minerals, mineraloids, glass
or organic matter.
What is a Roc k?
• Rocks are divided into 3
groups based on how they
were formed:
• IGNEOUS
• SEDIMENTARY
• METAMORPHIC
What is the diffe re nc e be twe e n a
roc k and a m ine ral?
• Rocks are made up of ONE or
MORE minerals.
Once a rock is formed, does it
stay the same rock forever?
• NO!
• Rocks are continually changed by
many processes, such as
weathering, erosion, compaction,
cementation, melting, and cooling
Weathering, Erosion,
Compaction, Recrystallization
Cementation
Melting,
Solidification Melting,
Solidification
Recrystallization
SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC
Weathering, Erosion,
Compaction,
Cementation
How are rocks redistributed?
• The core, mantle, & crust are one
giant rock recycling machine
***Watch the Rock Cycle by Brainpop
• Rock Salt—
made from
evaporation
of sea
• Rocks that have changed due to
intense temperature and pressure
• “Meta” means “change” and morphosis
means “form” in Greek
• Igneous, sedimentary and other
metamorphic rocks can change to
become metamorphic rocks
What occurs in the Earth to
change these rocks?
• Pressure from overlying rock layers
• High heat, but not enough to melt the rock
• Rocks may be flattened or bent or atoms may
be exchanged to form new minerals.
• *You can think of metamorphic rocks
as a squished peanut butter & jelly
sandwich in your lunch.
How are metamorphic rocks classified?