Hydrocarbon, any of a category of organic chemical compounds composed solely of the

elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H). The carbon atoms join along to create the framework of
the compound, and also the H atoms attach to them in many various configurations. Hydrocarbons are
the principal constituents of petroleum and natural gas. They function fuels and lubricants further as
raw materials for the assembly of plastics, fibres, rubbers, solvents, explosives, and industrial chemicals.

Many hydrocarbons occur in nature. additionally to creating up fossil fuels, they're present
in trees and plants, as, for instance, within the form of pigments called carotenes that occur in carrots
and green leaves. over 98 % of natural crude rubber could be a hydrocarbon polymer, a
chainlike molecule consisting of the many units linked along. The structures and chemistry of individual
hydrocarbons rely in giant half on the kinds of chemical bonds that link along the atoms of
their constituent molecules.

In addition, The preparation of acetylene gas was done to start the experiment. “Acetylene is a
hydrocarbon consisting of two carbon atoms and two hydrogen atoms. Its chemical symbol is C 2 H 2 .
For commercial purposes, acetylene can be made from several different raw materials depending on the
process used. The simplest process reacts calcium carbide with water to produce acetylene gas and a
calcium carbonate slurry, called hydrated lime. The chemical reaction may be written as CaC2 + 2 H2O
→ C2H2 + Ca(OH)2”.(Popovska, 2012).

The experiment had also conducted 2 tests on the samples: The Baeyer’s Test and The Ignition Test. “A
potassium permanganate (KMnO4) solution is a test for unsaturation (alkenes and alkynes) or
functional groups that can be oxidized. The permanganate ion (MnO−4) is a deep purple color, and
upon reduction converts to a brown precipitate (MnO2) . Permanganate cannot react with aromatics,
so is a good test to discern between alkenes and aromatics”.(Nichols, 2019). Also, according to Jimenez
(2017), “The observations taken from the ignition test are of great importance for the identification of
an unknown sample and are basic for the subsequent characterization tests; in some cases it provides a
first idea about the classification and the possible functional groups that exist in the compound”.

Jimenez, J. (2017). Identification of organic compounds 1 : Ignition Test. Retrieved on

https://steemit.com/science/@bape682/identification-of-organic-compounds-1-ignition-test

Nichols, L. (2019). 6.4D: Individual Tests. Retrieved on

https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Book%3A_Organic_Chemistry_Lab_Techni
ques_(Nichols)/6%3A_Miscellaneous_Techniques/6.4%3A_Chemical_Tests/6.4D%3A_Individual_Tests

Popovska, S. (2012). Acetylene. Retrieved on http://www.madehow.com/Volume-4/Acetylene.html

Carey, F. A. (2018, October 18). Hydrocarbon. Retrieved November 23, 2019, from
https://www.britannica.com/science/hydrocarbon.