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Cultura Documentos
SECTION I
1 2
3 ´1
(i) 2 3
1
4
5
m
SOLUTION:
1 2
3 ´1
co
Required to calculate: The exact value of 2 3
1
4
.
5
hs
Calculation:
1 2 7 5
3 ´1 ´
2 3=2 3
4
1
5
21
5
at
m
7 5 5
= ´ ´
s
2 3 21
5´ 5
as
=
2 ´ 3´ 3
25
sp
=
18
7
= 1 (in exact form)
.fa
18
w
0.1014
(ii) 5.47 -
1.5
w
SOLUTION:
w
0.1014
Required to calculate: The exact value of 5.47 -
1.5
Calculation:
0.1014
5.47 - = 5.47 - 0.067 6 (Using the calculator)
1.5
= 5.47 - 0.26
= 5.21 (in exact form)
m
(i) Calculate the value of P.
co
SOLUTION:
Data: Table showing the number of tickets sold for a bus tour.
.
hs
Required to calculate: The value of P
Calculation:
5 Juvenile tickets at $P each cost $130.50.
at
So, 1 Juvenile ticket will cost $130.50 = $26.10
5
m
So, P = 26.10
s
(ii) Calculate the value of Q.
as
SOLUTION:
Required to calculate: The value of Q
sp
Calculation:
14 Youth tickets at $44.35 will cost $Q.
\ $Q = $44.35 ´14
.fa
= $620.90
\ Q = 620.90
w
w
(iii) An adult ticket is TWICE the cost of a youth ticket. Calculate the value of
R.
w
SOLUTION:
Data: An adult ticket is twice the cost of a youth ticket.
Required to calculate: The value of R
Calculation:
An adult ticket costs twice as much as the cost of a Youth ticket.
Hence, the cost of an adult ticket = $44.35 ´ 2
= $88.70
= 88.70
(iv) The bus company pays taxes of 15% on each ticket sold. Calculate the
taxes paid by the bus company.
SOLUTION:
Data: The bus company pays 15% taxes on each ticket sold.
Required to calculate: The taxes paid by the bus company.
Calculation:
m
The amount collected from the sales of tickets is
= $130.50 + $Q + $2 483.60
co
= $ 1 30.50
$ 6 2 0.9 0 +
.
$2 483.6 0
hs
$3235.0 0
at
So, the taxes paid = 15% of $3235
m
15
= ´ $3235
100
s
= $485.25
as
2x + 3 x - 4
+
.fa
3 4
SOLUTION:
w
Solution:
2 x + 3 x - 4 4 ( 2 x + 3) + 3 ( x - 4 )
+ =
3 4 12
8 x + 12 + 3x - 12
=
12
11x
= (as a single fraction in its lowest form)
12
The sum of a number and its multiplicative inverse is five times the number.
SOLUTION:
Data: The sum of a number and its multiplicative inverse is five times the
number.
Required to write: The statement as an algebraic expression
Solution:
Let the number be x.
Hence, its multiplicative inverse (reciprocal) = 1
m
x
The sum of a number and its multiplicative inverse is five times the number.
co
=
1 5´ x
x+
x
1
.
x+ = 5x
hs
x
(i) x 2 - 36 at
m
SOLUTION:
s
Required to factorise: x 2 - 36
as
Solution:
x2 - 36 = ( x ) - ( 6)
2 2
sp
(ii) 2 x 2 + 5 x - 12
w
SOLUTION:
Required to factorise: 2 x 2 + 5 x - 12
w
Solution:
w
2 x2 + 8x
2 x2 + 5x - 12 = ( 2 x - 3)( x + 4 ) - 3 x - 12
2 x 2 + 5 x - 12
\ 2 x2 + 5x -12 = ( 2 x - 3)( x + 4 )
SOLUTION:
Data: The formula for the volume of a cylinder is, V = p r 2 h .
Required to make: r the subject of the formula
Solution:
V = π r2h
π r2h = V
!
So, r2 = "#
m
!
And r = √"#
co
Given that x2 + ax + b = ( x + 2) - 3 , work out the values of a and b.
2
(e)
.
hs
SOLUTION:
Data: x2 + ax + b = ( x + 2) - 3
2
at
Required to find: The value of a and of b.
m
Solution:
( x + 2 ) - 3 = ( x + 2 )( x + 2 ) - 3
2
s
= x2 + 2x + 2x + 4 - 3
as
= x2 + 4 x + 1
sp
Hence, x 2 + ax + b = x 2 + 4 x + 1.
Equating the coeffcients of the term in x and then the constant term we obtain
a = 4 and b = 1 .
.fa
w
3. (a) The incomplete Venn diagram below shows the number of students in a class of
28 who play football and tennis.
w
w
m
SOLUTION:
co
Data: Incomplete Venn diagram showing the numbers of students who
play football or tennis in class of 28.
.
hs
Required to complete: The Venn diagram given
Solution:
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
(It is grammatically better to say that 8 students do NOT play either football
or tennis)
w
SOLUTION:
Required to calculate: x
w
Calculation:
The sum of the numbers of students in all the subsets of the Universal set
must total 28, which is the number of students in the class.
\15 - x + x + 12 - x + 8 = 28
35 - x = 28
\ x = 35 - 28
=7
SOLUTION:
Required To Construct: The trapezium ABCD such that AB = 8 cm ,
ˆ = 60° , AD = 6 cm and AB parallel to CD.
BAD
Construction:
We first draw a straight line, longer than 8 cm, and with the pair of compasses,
m
cut off AB = 8 cm
. co
hs
At A, we construct an angle of 600
at
s m
as
sp
We extend the arm of the angle (if necessary) and cut off AD = 6 cm
.fa
w
w
w
The arm of the angle at D will then be parallel to AB and meets the perpendicular
from B at C. This now completes the trapezium ABCD.
SOLUTION:
Data: f ( x ) = 4 x - 7 and g ( x ) = 3x + 1
2
Required to calculate: g ( 0 ) + g ( 5)
Calculation:
3 ( 0 ) + 1 3 ( 5) + 1
g ( 0 ) + g ( 5) = +
2 2
m
1 16
= +
co
2 2
1
= +8
2
.
hs
1
=8
2
at
m
(ii) fg ( 5)
s
SOLUTION:
as
Required to calculate: fg ( 5)
Calculation:
sp
3 ( 5) + 1
g ( 5) =
2
.fa
16
=
2
w
=8
w
\ fg ( 5 ) = f ( 8 )
w
= 4 (8) - 7
= 32 - 7
= 25
Alternative Method:
\ fg ( 5 ) = 6 ( 5 ) - 5
= 30 - 5
m
= 25
co
(iii) f -1 (1)
.
hs
SOLUTION:
Required to calculate: f -1 (1)
Calculation:
Let y = f ( x ) at
m
\ y = 4x - 7
4x - 7 = y
s
4x = y + 7
as
y+7
x=
sp
4
Replace y by x:
x+7
f -1 ( x ) =
.fa
4
Hence,
1+ 7
f -1 (1) =
w
4
w
8
=
4
w
=2
(b) P ( 6, - 1) and Q ( 2, 7 ) are the end points of a line segment PQ. Determine:
SOLUTION:
Data: P ( 6, - 1) and Q ( 2, 7 )
Required to calculate: The gradient of PQ
7 - ( -1)
Gradient of PQ =
m
2-6
8
=
co
-4
= -2
.
hs
(ii) the coordinates of the midpoint of PQ.
SOLUTION:
at
Required to calculate: The coordinates of the midpoint of PQ
m
Calculation:
s
as
sp
.fa
æ 7 + ( -1) ö
Coordinates of M = ç 2 + 6 , ÷
w
è 2 2 ø
æ8 6ö
=ç , ÷
w
è2 2ø
= ( 4, 3 )
SOLUTION:
Required to find: The equation of the perpendicular bisector of PQ
Solution:
m
(The products of the gradients of perpendicular lines = -1 )
co
The equation of the perpendicular bisector of PQ is
y -3 1
=
x-4 2
.
hs
2 ( y - 3) = 1( x - 4 )
2y - 6 = x - 4
at
2 y = x + 2 (or any other equivalent form)
s m
5. (a)
as
sp
.fa
w
w
w
In the diagram above, the corresponding angles of DPQR and DSTR are
………………….. and the ……………………. of their corresponding
sides are the same.
SOLUTION:
m
When any two figures are similar, the ratio of their corresponding sides
co
are the equal.
.
The completed statement is:
hs
In the diagram above, the corresponding angles of DPQR and DSTR are
equal and the ratio of their corresponding sides are the same or equal.
at
In the diagram above, not drawn to scale, RS = 15 cm, SP = 9 cm and
m
ST = 12 cm.
s
(ii) Determine the length of PQ.
as
SOLUTION:
Data: RS = 15 cm, SP = 9 cm and ST = 12 cm.
sp
(b) The graph below shows triangle DEF and its image D¢E ¢F ¢ after a
m
transformation.
. co
hs
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
w
w
SOLUTION:
Data: Diagram showing triangles DEF and D¢E ¢F ¢ . Triangle D¢E ¢F ¢ is
the image of triangle DEF after a transformation.
SOLUTION:
sp
necessary for this to be done with a third set of points since the three
perpendicular bisectors are all concurrent.)
The perpendicular bisectors are produced (if necessary) to meet at the
center of rotation, which is O, ( 0, 0 ) .
ˆ ¢ = EOE
DOD ˆ ¢ = FOF
ˆ ¢ = 90°
The movement from E to E ¢ or F to F ¢ or D to D¢ is anti-clockwise.
m
. co
hs
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
w
(iii) On the grid above, draw triangle D¢¢E ¢¢F ¢¢ , the reflection of triangle
D¢E ¢F ¢ in the x – axis.
w
SOLUTION:
w
D¢¢ = ( -2, - 1)
E¢¢ = ( -2, - 4 )
sp
F ¢¢ = ( -4, - 1)
.fa
SOLUTION:
Data: The distance between Anderlin and Jersey is 31.8 cm on a map with
a scale of 1: 25 000 .
Required to calculate: The actual distance between Anderlin and Jersey,
in km.
Calculation:
Distance on the map = 31.8 cm
Scale = 1: 25000
(ii) The actual distance between Clifton and James Town is 2.75 km.
m
SOLUTION:
co
Data: The actual distance between Clifton and James Town is 2.75 km.
Required to calculate: The distance between Clifton and James Town on
the map
.
Calculation:
hs
2.75 km = 2.75 ´100 000 cm
Scale = 1: 25000
at
\ Distance on the map = 2.75 ´100000 cm
25000
m
= 11 cm
s
(b) The diagram below shows a square ABCD drawn inside a circle. The vertices of
as
the square lie on the circumference of the circle. The length of a side of the square
is 11 cm.
sp
.fa
w
w
w
SOLUTION:
Data: Diagram showing a square with vertices ABCD lying inside a
circle, such that the points A, B, C and D lie on the circumference of the
circle. The length of a side of the square is 11 cm.
Required to prove: The diameter of the circle is 11 2 cm
m
AC 2 = (11) + (11)
2 2
co
(Pythagoras' Theorem)
= 121 + 121
.
AC = 242
hs
= 11´ 11´ 2
= 11´ 11 ´ 2
= 11 2 at
m
Q.E.D.
s
Calculate:
as
SOLUTION:
Required to calculate: The area of the circle.
.fa
Calculation:
w
w
w
Diameter = 11 2 cm
11 2
\ Radius = cm
2
m
(iii) the area of the square
co
SOLUTION:
Required to calculate: The area of the square.
.
hs
Calculation:
Area of square = 11´11 cm2
= 121 cm2
at
m
(iv) the area of the shaded section.
s
SOLUTION:
as
There are 4 segments shown on the diagram (3 of these are un-shaded and 1
shown shaded)
= 17.272 cm2
= 17.27 cm2 (correct to 2 decimal places)
7. The table below shows the number of bananas, to the nearest tonne, produced annually on
m
a farm over a period of 6 years.
co
Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Production 150 275 100 40 125 210
(tonnes)
.
hs
(a) On the graph paper provided, draw a bar chart to represent the data given in the
table above using a scale of 1 cm to represent 1 year on the x – axis and 1 cm to
represent 25 tonnes on the y – axis.
at
m
SOLUTION:
Data: Table showing the number of bananas, to the nearest tonne, produced
s
annually on a farm from 2010 to 2015.
as
Required to draw: A bar chart to illustrate the data on the table using a scale of 1
cm to represent 1 year on the x – axis and 1 cm to represent 25 tonnes on the y –
sp
axis.
.fa
w
w
w
(b) Determine the range of the number of bananas produced between 2010 and 2015.
SOLUTION:
Required to determine: The range of the number of bananas produced between
2010 and 2015
Solution:
Range = Highest value - Lowest value (in the given distribution)
(c) (i) During which year was there the greatest production of bananas?
SOLUTION:
Required to state: The year with the greatest production of bananas
Solution:
The year with the greatest production of bananas is 2011 (shown by the
highest bar on the bar chart).
m
(ii) How is this information shown on the bar chart?
co
SOLUTION:
Required to explain: The way the greatest production of bananas is
.
shown on the bar chart
hs
Solution:
This is shown on the bar chart with the highest bar.
(d) (i)
at
Between which two consecutive years was there the greatest change in the
production of bananas?
m
SOLUTION:
s
Required To State: The two consecutive years between which showed
as
2014 – 2015
w
SOLUTION:
(e) Give ONE reason why the bar chart is unsuitable for predicting the number of
bananas produced in 2016.
SOLUTION:
Required to state: A reason why the bar chart is not suitable for predicting the
m
number of bananas produced in 2016.
Solution:
co
The bars do not show a definite pattern with respect to increasing or decreasing
over any reasonable period of years. Hence, a prediction for 2016 cannot be made.
.
hs
8. A sequence of figures is made up of unit squares with unit sides. The first three figures in
the sequence are shown below.
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
w
w
w
SOLUTION:
Data: Diagrams showing a sequence of figures made up of unit squares.
m
. co
hs
Required To Draw: The fourth figure in the sequence.
Solution:
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
w
w
(b) Study the pattern of numbers in each row of the table below. Each row relates to
one of the figures in the sequence. Some rows have not been included in the table.
w
m
2 5 12
co
3 9 20
.
(i) 4
hs
(ii) 45
(iii) 30 at
m
(iv) n
s
as
SOLUTION:
Data: Incomplete table showing the relationship among the figure number, the
sp
number of unit squares and the perimeter of the figures in the given sequence.
Solution:
We observe the figure, n, the number of unit squares which we name (S) and the
perimeter, which we name P.
w
w
n S P
w
1 1 4
2 5 12
3 9 20
Figure n Perimeter, P
1 4
2 12
3 20
m
Hence P = 8 n ± a number
By testing with n = 1, n = 2 and n = 3 we get P = 8n - 4 .
co
So,
.
Figure Number of Perimeter
hs
Unit of Figure
Squares
1 1 4
2 5 at 12
m
3 9 20
s
as
n 4n - 3 8n - 4
4 ( 4 ) - 3 = 13 8 ( 4 ) - 4 = 28
sp
4n - 3 = 45
.fa
45 8 (12) - 4 = 92
n = 12
w
2 5 12
3 9 20
m
(i) 4 13 28
co
(ii) 12 45 92
.
hs
(iii) 30 117 236
(iv) n 4n - 3 8n - 4
at
s m
SECTION II
as
9. (a) The table below shows pairs of values for x and y, where y is inversely
proportional to x.
.fa
x 3 4 a 20
y 2 1.5 1.2 b
w
SOLUTION:
w
y is inversely proportional to x.
1
yµ
x
1 (where k is the constant of proportionality)
y =k´
x
k
\y =
x
m
SOLUTION:
co
Required to calculate: The value of k.
Calculation:
From the table y = 2 when x = 3 .
.
hs
k
\2 =
3
k = 2 ( 3)
k =6 at
m
Since k = 6 , then
s
6
y=
as
x
Testing for when y = 1.5 and x = 4 :
6
sp
1.5 = (True)
4
.fa
SOLUTION:
w
6
1.2 =
x
6
\x =
1.2
=5
Hence, a = 5 .
When x = 20
(b) The diagram below shows the graph of the function f ( x ) = x2 - 6 x + 8 for values
of x from 0 to 6.
m
. co
hs
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
w
w
w
SOLUTION:
Data: Diagram of the graph of the function f ( x ) = x2 - 6 x + 8 for
0 £ x £ 6.
(ii) Write down the coordinates of the minimum point in the form ( x, y ) .
.fa
SOLUTION:
Required to write: The coordinates of the minimum point of the graph in
w
the form ( x, y ) .
w
w
m
. co
hs
at
m
s
as
sp
SOLUTION:
w
are constants.
Solution:
1
the coefficient of x is 1 ( -6 ) = -3
2 2
So, x - 6 x + 8
2
( x - 3) 2 + ?
h = -3 and k = -1 .
Alternative Method:
a ( x + h ) + k = a ( x + h )( x + h ) + k
2
= a ( x 2 + 2hx + h 2 ) + k
m
= ax 2 + 2ahx + ah 2 + k
co
x 2 - 6 x + 8 = ax 2 + 2ahx + ah 2 + k
.
Equating coefficients:
hs
For x 2 :
a =1
For x : at
m
2 (1) h = -6
\ h = -3
s
as
k = -1
.fa
h = -3 and k = -1 .
w
(iv) On the same axes, draw the graph of the straight line g ( x ) = x - 2 .
w
w
SOLUTION:
Required to draw: The graph of the straight line g ( x ) = x - 2 on the
same axes
Solution:
To draw a straight line, we need the coordinates of only two points
g ( x) = x - 2
When x = 0 When x = 6
x y
0 -2
6 4
m
. co
hs
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
w
w
SOLUTION:
Required to solve: x 2 - 6 x + 8 = x - 2
Solution:
The graphs of y = x2 - 6 x + 8 and y = x - 2 meet at ( 2, 0) and ( 5, 3).
Hence, the solutions of x - 6 x + 8 = x - 2 are x = 2 and x = 5 .
2
10. (a) The diagram below, not drawn to scale, shows a circle with center O. The
m
vertices H, K and L of a quadrilateral lie on the circumference of the circle and
PKM is a tangent to the circle at K. The measure of angle HJL ˆ = 20° and
co
ˆ = 50° .
JKH
.
hs
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
Calculate, giving reasons for each step of your answer, the measure of:
w
w
(i) ˆ
HKL
w
SOLUTION:
Data: Diagram showing a circle with center O. The vertices H, K and L of
a quadrilateral lie on the circumference of the circle and PKM is a tangent
to the circle at K. The measure of angle HJLˆ = 20° and JKH ˆ = 50° .
.
hs
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
w
ˆ = 20°
HKL
(Angles subtended by a chord, HL, at the circumference of the circle and
w
(ii) ˆ
JOK
SOLUTION:
ˆ .
Required To Calculate: The measure of JOK
Calculation:
at
(The base angles in an isosceles triangle are equal)
m
ˆ = 180° - ( 50° + 50° )
JOK
= 80°
s
(Sum of the interior angles in a triangle is equal to 180°)
as
(iii) ˆ
JHK
sp
SOLUTION:
ˆ .
Required to calculate: The measure of JHK
.fa
Calculation:
w
w
w
ˆ = 90° - 50°
JKP
= 40°
ˆ 0
JHK 40
=
(b) A ship travels from Akron (A) on a bearing or 030° to Bellville (B), 90 km away.
It then travels to Comptin (C) which is 310 km east of Akron (A), as shown in the
diagram below.
m
. co
hs
at
s m
(i) Indicate on the diagram the bearing 030° and the distances 90 km and 310
as
km.
SOLUTION:
sp
Required to show: The bearing 030° and the distances 90 km and 310 km
on the diagram.
w
Solution:
w
co
Comptin (C).
SOLUTION:
.
Required to calculate: The distance between Bellville (B) and
hs
Comptin (C).
Calculation:
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
= 76300
w
\ BC = 76300
= 276.224 km
= 276 km (correct to the nearest km)
(iii) ˆ .
Calculate, to the nearest degree, the measure of ABC
SOLUTION:
m
co
By the sine rule:
310 276.224
=
.
ˆ
sin ABC sin 60°
hs
ˆ = 310 ´ sin 60°
sin ABC
276.224
= 0.9719
at
ˆ = sin -1 ( 0.9719 )
m
ABC
= 76.3°
s
as
ˆ is obtuse.
However, according to the diagram, ABC
Recall
sin (180° - q ) = sin q
sp
ˆ = 180° - 76.3°
\ ABC
.fa
= 104.7°
= 104° (correct to the nearest degree)
w
SOLUTION:
w
co
= 105.3°
= 105° (correct to the nearest degree)
.
hs
VECTORS AND MATRICES
æc 0ö at
÷ maps the point P ( 2, 3) onto the point Q ( 2, - 3) .
m
11. (a) The matrix T = ç
è0 d ø
s
(i) Determine the values of c and d.
as
SOLUTION:
sp
æc 0ö
Data: T = ç ÷ maps the point P ( 2, 3) onto the point Q ( 2, - 3) .
è0 d ø
.fa
æ c 0 öæ 2 ö æ 2 ö
ç ÷ç ÷ = ç ÷
w
è 0 d øè 3 ø è -3 ø
2 ´ 2 ´ 2 ´1 = 2 ´1
w
æe ö
= ç 11 ÷
è e21 ø
e11 = ( c ´ 2 ) + ( 0 ´ 3)
= 2c
e21 = ( 0 ´ 2 ) + ( d ´ 3)
= 3d
m
SOLUTION:
Required to find: The image of ( -5, 4 ) , under the transformation T.
co
Solution:
æ1 0ö
T =ç ÷
.
è 0 -1 ø
hs
æ 1 0 öæ -5 ö æ e11 ö
÷ç ÷ = ç e ÷
ç
è 0 -1 øè 4 ø è 21 ø
2 ´ 2 ´ 2 ´1 = 2 ´1
at
m
e11 = (1´ -5) + ( 0 ´ 4 )
s
as
= -5
e21 = ( 0 ´ -5 ) + ( -1´ 4 )
sp
= -4
æ e11 ö æ -5 ö
.fa
ç ÷=ç ÷
è e21 ø è -4 ø
w
SOLUTION:
Required to describe: The transformation T fully.
Solution:
æ1 0ö
T =ç ÷ describes a reflection in the x-axis.
è 0 -1 ø
(iv) Find the matrix that maps the point Q back onto the point P.
æ1 0ö
T =ç ÷
è 0 -1 ø
T = (1´ -1) - ( 0 ´ 0 )
= -1
m
1 æ -1 - ( 0 ) ö
co
\T -1 = ç ÷
-1 è - ( 0 ) 1 ø
.
æ -1 0 ö
hs
= -1ç ÷
è 0 1ø
æ1 0ö
=ç ÷
è 0 -1 ø at
m
(b) The graph below shows three points P, Q and R, relative to the origin O.
s
as
sp
.fa
w
w
w
• the vector OP .
SOLUTION:
Data: Graph showing three points P, Q and R, relative to the origin
O.
æ xö
Required to write: OP in the form ç ÷ .
m
è yø
Solution:
co
P = ( 4, - 1)
æ 4ö æ xö
Hence, OP = ç ÷ is of the form ç ÷ , where x = 4 and y = -1.
.
è -1 ø
hs
è yø
• the vector QR .
at
m
SOLUTION:
æ xö
Required to write: OP in the form ç ÷ .
s
è yø
as
Solution:
QR = QO + OR
sp
æ0ö æ0ö
Q = ( 0, 2 ) Þ OQ = ç ÷ and QO = - ç ÷
è 2ø è 2ø
.fa
æ 3ö
R = ( 3, 7 ) Þ OR = ç ÷
è7ø
w
æ 0ö æ 3ö
\ QR = - ç ÷ + ç ÷
w
è 2ø è 7ø
w
æ 3ö æ xö
= ç ÷ which is of the form ç ÷ , where x = 3 and y = 5.
è5ø è yø
SOLUTION:
Required to find: The magnitude of QR .
Solution:
= 34 units
æ7ö
(iii) On the graph provided, draw the vector OS = ç ÷ . Show that PQRS is a
è 4ø
parallelogram.
m
SOLUTION:
co
æ7ö
Required to draw: OS = ç ÷ on the diagram and show that PQRS is a
è 4ø
parallelogram.
.
hs
Solution:
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
w
w
w
m
æ 4ö
=ç ÷
co
è -3 ø
.
Hence, QP = RS , that is, QP = RS and QP is parallel to RS .
hs
If the opposite sides of a quadrilateral are parallel and equal, then the
at
quadrilateral is a parallelogram. Hence, PQRS is a parallelogram.
We could have used the sides QR and PS and done the same.
m
Alternative Method:
s
Q = ( 0, 2) and S = ( 7, 4 )
as
æ0+7 2+4ö
Midpoint of QS = ç , ÷ Type equation here.
è 2 2 ø
sp
æ 1 ö
= ç 3 , 3÷
è 2 ø
.fa
P = ( 4, - 1) and R = ( 3, 7 )
w
æ 4 + 3 -1 + 7 ö
Midpoint of PR = ç , ÷
w
è 2 2 ø
æ 1 ö
w
= ç 3 , 3÷
è 2 ø
Alternative Method:
We could prove that PS and QR are parallel and PQ and SR are
parallel.
Alternative Method:
We could also prove that PQ = SR and QR = PS .
If the opposite sides of a quadrilateral are equal, then the quadrilateral is a
parallelogram.
Alternative Method:
We could have proven that the angles at the opposite vertices are equal,
m
that is, Qˆ = Sˆ and Rˆ = Pˆ and concluded that PQRS is a parallelogram. This
co
method, though, is long and not very practical and involves a higher level
of mathematics than is required at CSEC mathematics.
.
hs
at
s m
as
sp
.fa
w
w
w