CHAPTER 4 Name

Date

Standardized-Test Preparation Questions

Use the table to answer Questions 1–3.
Messenger RNA Codons for Amino Acids
Second letter
First letter Third letter
U C A G
phenylalanine serine tyrosine cysteine U
phenylalanine serine tyrosine cysteine C
U
leucine serine stop stop A
leucine serine stop tryptophan G
leucine proline histidine arginine U
leucine proline histidine arginine C
C
leucine proline glutamine arginine A
leucine proline glutamine arginine G
isoleucine threonine asparagine serine U
isoleucine threonine asparagine serine C
A
isoleucine threonine lysine arginine A
(start) methionine threonine lysine arginine G
valine alanine aspartate glycine U
valine alanine aspartate glycine C
G
valine alanine glutamate glycine A
valine alanine glutamate glycine G

B 1. Beginning with a DNA codon of TCT, which amino acid is coded for?
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A. serine C. threonine
B. arginine D. cysteine
C 2. Which tRNA anticodon would pair with the mRNA codon GUA?
A. GUA C. CAU
B. CAT D. AUG
D 3. Which is not a possible mRNA codon for arginine?
A. CGC C. CGG
B. AGA D. AAG
A 4. In aerobic cellular respiration, most of the energy is produced during
A. the electron transport chain. C. glycolysis.
B. the Krebs cycle. D. photolysis.
C 5. Many plants will not carry on photosynthesis when temperatures go higher than 90 °F.
What is the most likely explanation for this?
A. Hot air eliminates the oxygen.
B. Hot air produces too much carbon dioxide.
C. Chlorophyll’s function is affected.
D. The plant loses energy.

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 B 6. What would be the mRNA sequence transcribed from the following base sequence of a
DNA strand: ACGTCAAT?
A. TGCAGTTA C. UGCUGTTA
B. UGCAGUUA D. ACGUCAAU

Answer Questions 7–9 based on the following equations.

Equation A _______ + H2O + _______ → _______ + O2

Equation B _______ + O2 → H2O + _______ + _______

A 7. What substances belong in the two blanks on the reactant side of Equation A?
A. CO2 and light C. chlorophyll and light
B. oxygen and light D. chlorophyll and glucose
C 8. Equation A produces
A. stored energy in the form of ATP.
B. kinetic energy in the form of glucose.
C. stored chemical energy in the form of C6H12O6.
D. ready-to-use energy in the form of ATP.
B 9. What would happen if oxygen were not available as a reactant for Equation B?
A. Carbon dioxide would take its place.
B. The process would not be able to continue.
C. An overabundance of energy would be produced.
D. Oxygen from split water would be used instead.

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Identify which cellular process each statement belongs with.
A. light-dependent phase D. Krebs cycle
B. Calvin cycle E. electron transport chain
C. glycolysis F. anaerobic cellular respiration
A 10. chlorophyll capturing light energy

F 11. alcoholic fermentation

B 12. synthesis of glucose

E 13. produces a net of 32 ATP

B, D, E, F 14. Which of the following are heterotrophic? (Select all that apply.)
A. plants D. animals
B. most bacteria E. fungi
C. algae F. humans
A, C, D 15. Which of the following processes represent anabolism? (Select all that apply.)
A. assimilation C. protein synthesis
B. digestion D. photosynthesis

Chapter 4 Biology 2
 Name

B 16. What does each messenger RNA codon code for?

A. an enzyme C. a nucleic acid
B. an amino acid D. a protein
CDSTP -04-02-A
Use the graphs to answer Questions 17–23.
rate of photosynthesis

rate of photosynthesis

rate of photosynthesis
light intensity temperature water loss

B 17. What happens to the rate of photosynthesis as light intensity increases?

A. It increases indefinitely.
B. It increases to a certain point, after which it begins to level off.
C. It decreases.
D. There is no relationship between light intensity and rate of photosynthesis.
C 18. At what approximate temperature range is the rate of photosynthesis the highest?
A. It is highest at extremely low temperatures.
B. It is highest at very high temperatures.
C. It is highest at moderate temperatures.
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D. It is impossible to tell from the graphs provided.

A 19. The shape of the curve on which graph best represents what happens to the rate of
photosynthesis as the amount of CO2 increases?
A. the graph on the left C. the graph on the right
B. the graph in the middle

20. Explain your reasoning on Question 19.

As the amount of CO2 available increases, the plant’s rate of photosynthesis will increase because CO2 is one of the

substances required for photosynthesis. However, the rate of photosynthesis will not increase indefinitely; it will level off

when all of the plant’s chlorophyll molecules are in use. The graph on the left meets these requirements: it shows the rate

of photosynthesis increasing to a certain point and then leveling off.

D 21. A certain plant’s rate of photosynthesis is very high. Do you predict that this plant has
lost much water recently?
A. Yes, because as a plant loses water, its rate of photosynthesis increases.
B. Yes, because as a plant loses water, its rate of photosynthesis decreases.
C. No, because as a plant loses water, its rate of photosynthesis increases.
D. No, because as a plant loses water, its rate of photosynthesis decreases.
E. It is impossible to predict.

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 C 22. Which graph represents an inverse relationship between the rate of photosynthesis and
the other factor (light intensity, temperature, or water loss)? An inverse relationship is
one in which, as one factor increases, the other factor decreases.
A. the graph on the left (rate of photosynthesis vs. light intensity)
B. the graph in the middle (rate of photosynthesis vs. temperature)
C. the graph on the right (rate of photosynthesis vs. water loss)
A 23. Which diagram represents a direct relationship? A direct relationship is one in which, as
one factor increases, the other factor also increases.
A. the graph on the left (rate of photosynthesis vs. light intensity)
B. the graph in the middle (rate of photosynthesis vs. temperature)
C. the graph on the right (rate of photosynthesis vs. water loss)

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Chapter 4 Biology 4