Introduction To Leadership

My definition at the beginning of the module: leadership is the ability to direct and guide a group of people as their representive,making
decisions on behalf of the group of people.

Official definitions of leadership:

-the action of leading a group of people or an organisation or the ability to do this.(Google)

-leadership is a process of social influence,which maximises the efforts of others, towards the achievement of a goal.(Forbes.com)

Leadership is often compared with management however they are very different.A leader makes decisions on behalf of the group while
taking into account the wants, needs and opinions of the group.

The role of a manager is to direct a group to do what the manager wants done. The workers carry out the commands of the manager
because they have to.

A leader possesses certain characteristics that make them fit for there role :

-to begin a leader needs an idea, it has to be simple so people can join in easily

- a leader needs to be willing to take the risk of being humiliated in order to gain followers

-the 1st follower is the most important as they show it is ok for other to follow

-new followers join following the first follower, the idea gains momentum and becomes bigger than the person who created it.

There are a few important leadership qualities that a leader needs in order to be successful.A good leader is able to connect with his
followers. A leader uses his voice,experiences and beliefs to do this. Leaders often give there followers ultimatums or use effective
comparisons to help their followers understand the message.

"a leader is someone who demonstrates what is possible" ~Mark Yarnell. Although u have seen many quotes and definitions thought
the course of this module this is the one the struck e the most. It is simple yet explains everything about leadership. A leader must be
 willing to take risks in order to succeed.
They must listen to the ideas of others
and stick with their target even if it looks
like they are going to fail. By doing this
they can begin to change people's
attitude and make the change they want
to in the world.

The two leaders I have choosen to do my

project on are Nelson Mandela and
Winston Churchill. Both of these great
men led there countries in times of great
difficulty and I admire there different and
similar leadership qualities.Mandela spent his life campaigning for black rights and equality
in Africa while Churchill led Britain through WW2 the toughest battle in their history in which they were victorious under his command.

5 leadership behaviours:

1) have conviction

- a leader must believe in what they are doing.they must have belief in their idea and the ability to get the message across to
others.a clear view of what you aim to do will inspire people to follow you,give you the and build confidence in your followers.

2)impose context

- a leader must draw people's attention to what matters most.they must cut out the clutter and make the idea clear and
distinguished.to do this they must outline key goals and differentiate between day-day actions that are important and irrelevant.

3)challenge and change

-a leader must not stay with what is already discovered they must challenge the status quo by experimenting and creating
excitement to grab potential followers attention. They must take people by sunrise and jolt people out of accepting things as they are.

4)generating critical mass

-getting people on board is vital.some of the other behaviours don't matter as much as long as you have poele in board. Inspiration
is not enough action on a large scale is needed for change. You must turn knowledge into action. By doing this you mobilise followers
to work and cooperate together.

5)make risks and take risks

-leaders break rules,they understand opportunities exist or that they can be created and converted into results.leaders take
advantage of windows of success.They see opportunities and take them but limit the risk of failure.they create exposure to new
situations and make better ways of doing things. As billy began in moneyball says "adapt or die".

Winston Churchill

Born in Oxfordshire on 30th November 1874, Winston Churchill was the son of Lord Randolph Churchill a successful politician.after
spending some time working with the army and the navy churchill found his way to politics.he began to develop his leadership skills
during his time in the military. He went to military college in Sandhurst. Here his flare for leadership was noticed and in 1901 at the
young age of 26 he entered parliament.He held the admiralty role in the Royal Navy for a number of years in the period that
followed.However, in May 1940 when the prime minister Neville Chamberlain resigned Churchill was appointed prime minister and his
chance to prove his leadership qualities had come.

I would describe Churchill as being a charismatic and transformational leader.he communicated his vision and idea to his people in an
expressive manner. Churchill was renowned for his erotic wartime speeches that inspired and motivated the people in dark
times.churchill was a visionary who brought about major change.he was dogged and unwilling to give in "never never never give up".
He had conviction in his every action. Not once throughout the desperate war did he give up or give in to the Germans even when
others felt he should have. He clearly aimed to keep Britain strong and independent and not to be invaded by the nazi powerhouse
army.He believed strongly in self-preservation and preservation of democracies in western civilisation.He was opposed to German
invasion and destruction.he detested tyranny and shoot up in the face of hitter his adversary at the time when no-one else
would.because of this conviction he inspired the nation to join him and have courage.trust was a huge part of his leadership as without
it people would not believe and work in correspondence with him. He applied context by clearly and concisely outlining his ambition...
To defend their country from Adolf Hitlers regime.His style of leadership was decisive and bold. He knew what he wanted to achieve
and set out goals to achieve it. He warned his people to focus on what was important and to put aside what was not. This contributed
to his overall success.churchill also employed his impressive appearance to attract attention and enhance his charismatic leadership
trait. Bow ties and cigars became his signature outfit.because of Churchill's charismatic leadership style his followers shared the same
goals as Nima don were affectionate towards him.

A key characteristic of Churchill as a leader is that he challenged and changed the other western leaders. While they all gave in to the
nazi invasion Churchill was firm. He wanted to change the status quo and stand up to Hitler. He was dogged and persevering. When
Hitlers vicious Luftwaffe decided to bomb Britain everyone thought the Nazis would win the war. Churchill motivated and inspired his
men in the RAF and eventually then won the Battle of Britain “Nothing in life is so exhilarating as to be shot at without result.” This took
people by surprise and jolted them out of accepting things as they were. This was the first time in the Second World War the nazis
haven't been victorious and it was a turning point. Because Churchill challenged the system he inspired others to do the same and they
followed his lead. The way Churchill conducted himself during periods of unrest in WW2 inspired others to follow him and get behind
the war effort. This helped him generate critical mass. He got people on board and the fight began to gather momentum. However,
inspiration is not enough,action in a large scale was needed for change and that is exactly what he did.Churchill took some huge risks
he broke rules as he was a real leader. He was in charge or organising and running operation overlord or the D-day operation. He
calculated that the risk of not carrying out this operation was worst than the risk of it taking place.he saw the opportunity and took it
even thought many people were doubtful and did not agree with him at first.operation overlord the invasion and liberation of Europe
from the west included British, American and Canadian soldiers and was a huge operation.they sailed over on the 6th of June 1944and
began to bombard the German defences.The operation was a success and led to the Adolf Hitlers demise.because of this Churchill was
a hero , he took the risk and succeeded. This shows Churchill was a true leader.

Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela was best know for his work in South Africa overcoming apartheid.he stood up against racism and discrimination for
many long hard years before being elected president in his later life.

Throughout his political career Mandela possessed the vital characteristics of a great leader and that is what he was he had
conviction,he was able to impose context, he challenged and changed the system, he generated critical mass and he was also willing
to take risks in order to succeed with his idea of how South Africa should be "South Africa belongs to all who live in it white and black"

After failing to bring about change peacefully as a young man Mandela looking to more rebellious methods as a last resort. For his
crimes he was in-prisoned for 27 years 18 of which he spent on robin island. When he was released from prison he had many many
supporters who expected him to do great things.they had began supporting him after his imprisonment and eagerly awaited his release
and the promise of change.He did not disappoint.

Throughout his life Mandela showed conviction, he had a deep personal opinion that white and black people in South Africa should be
treated equally. He was able to communicate his ideas to others attracting energy and mitigating uncertainty.His clear views on the
abolishment of apartheid

and ending years of British rule helped him inspire followers, overcome obstacles and gave him the courage to stand up to his political
opposition when they challenged his sometimes controversial decisions.his conviction inspired confidence in his people.

Many people in black South Africa had different ideas about how they would rid of apartheid. In addition members of Mandela's party
had different thoughts on how to work towards becoming one country undivided by race. Mandela was able to concentrate people's
attention on what matters most, providing a clear sense of direction and outlining what their key goals were. Mandela ability to impose
context guided his follows and was a valuable leadership quality.

The thing Mandela was probably best known for was changing the system that had been in place for many years because he felt it was
wrong and unjust. He challenged white supremacy in South Africa and came out fighting. He continually created excitement to grab
people's attention, energise his followers and take the opposition by surprise. Through this he managed to jolt many people out of
accepting things as they were.

Mandela's leadership style was based around compassion. He wanted so badly for his. Putney to live in unison that he did not care for
revenge or spite unlike many of his followers.He showed mercy and generosity to people when others would have sought revenge and
disgraced them. He believed that seeking revenge time and time again was just a vicious cycle. He would be the man to break the cycle
or segregation and hatred in South Africa.an example of this was when he had to chance to get rid of rugby, the game that symbolised
white rule in South Africa. Any other man would have immediately gotten rid of rugby because it loud devastate the White people.
However, Mandela showed compassion and intelligence, he persuaded enough of his followers that taking away rugby would only
make the White people more upset with the blacks and fuel new hatred. This shows how Mandela used compassion and
encouragement to bring his country together.

For change to happen in South Africa on a large scale there had to be a large scale of support. For this Mandela had to generate critical
mass. Although he had inspired others to act this was not enough to make large scale change. He generated this mass by turning
knowledge into action and influencing people in that way. The first follower is the most important because they show that it is ok to join
the leader and that anyone can do it. After that others soon begin to join the growing group. They lead by the example of the

first follower and the idea begins to gain momentum. In Mandela story Francois Pinaer is the first follower and he inspires the rest of the
springbok team to join in a support Mandela the president.

Mandela showed his people that it's was more important to be sensitive and forgiving than spiteful and seek revenge against the White
people. This caring and passionate leadership style inspired a nation who would become United in their beliefs.

Finally Mandela was know for taking risks. He took advantage of his opportunities in order to create new and better ways of doing
things.he say windows for success and immediately went for them. This is part of what made him a great leader, that he was able to
identify and take opportunities risking it all but succeeding in the end. He took a risk when he did not abolish the springbok rugby team
when he had the opportunity. Many of his followers did not support this decision at first and felt rugby should be banished forever.
However, Mandela proved to the White people by doing this that he did not want to destroy what they loved but instead allow the black
people to become involved in it and unite as a nation.

What made Mandela an exceptional leader was his compassionate and forgiving traits. A man who has been mistreated and locked in
prison for years because of his beliefs came out willing to forgive and forget, because of this Mandela was a great leader.

The most important leadership qualities in my opinion and who do I

feel is the better leader after doing this assignment

In my opinion compromise,honesty and the ability to inspire are the most important qualities of a great leader. Mandela never wanted
blacks to rule alone in South Africa, that could never be achieved, he was happy for black and white people to live alongside one
another as equals, this shows compromise. churchill showed compromise when he allowed hitter to take the Sudetenland in order to
satisfy him and prevent war, he did this because it was the best thing to do but not was not what he would have liked. Mandela was
always honest, he never pretended things were easier than they were, he always shares exactly what was going on with his followers
likewise churchill was honest with the British people, he spoke the truth about their wartime situation and because of their honesty
these men gained the trust of their people. Both Mandela and churchill possessed the ability to inspire in abundance, through their
inspirational speeches or their honesty they were able to get people behind there cause. This shows that both Nelson Mandela and
Winston Churchill were great leaders.

When you compare two of the worlds greatest leaders you see similarities and differences in their leadership styles and qualities. Both
men we accomplished orators and projected their ideas to huge audiences through words of wisdom and inspiration. They both had
strong personalities and the crowd didn't faze them. In addition both men were humble. Both of them felt that if United in one cause
their nation could do great things. Churchill inspired his country to unite in their war effort and maintain their incredible war spirit while
Mandela inspired change that ultimately led to the unity of white and black people in South Africa.

Where these leaders differ in my opinion is in there key trait as individual leaders. Mandela used compassion to show that he did not
desire revenge or any more hatred, that he was willing to forgive the white Poole for years of oppression if it meant unity and the end of
apartheid in South Africa. On the other hand, Churchill was a decisive and bold leader who did things differently to all those who had
come before him , changing the status quo. Although Churchill took risks, Mandela is defined as a leader for his risk taking and it is
what made him such a great leader. Because of this Nelson Mandela is the better of the two leaders in my opinion.