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JJR 22-03-06

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JJR 22-03-06
BASIC STUCTURAL DESIGN

Beam Calculations
Cantilever Beam Calculations
Loads
Bolts & Welds
Beam Properties
Channel Properties

A lot of good work can be done using basic beam formuae to check stresses and deflections. The
Spreadsheet allows basic layouts to be checked for serviceability.

If the floor becomes more involved then a qualified Structural Engineer should be called in to
check the design.

The deck will need to be checked for lateral stability and adequate bracing provided. This is
outside the scope of this spreadsheet.

Care must be taken when working with vibrating equipment. Most structural engineers ignore
dynamic loads, or try to treat such problems as equivalent static loads. This approach has distinct
limitations.

If serious vibration problems are expected it is wise to call on a Vibration Consultant.


JJR 21-03-06

BASIC STRUCTURAL DESIGN


BEAM DESIGN Yield Steel 300 Mpa

AS 4100 - Limit State Design


AS 3990 - Working Stress Design - Mech
Beam Length 6000 mm
Load Width 3000 mm

UDL 5 kPa

Load on Beam 90 kN 135 kNu

Point Load on Beam 30 kN 45 kNu


Distance from LHS 3000 mm

OW Beam 44.7 kg/m

UDL OW 3 kN 3 kNu

Total Load 123 kN


30
93

3000
6000

UDL 46 46
Pt Load 15 15

Reactions 61 61 kN

BM UDL 69 kN m 104 kNm.u


Pt Load 45 kN m 68 kNm.u

Total BM 114 kN m 172 kNm.u


working ultimate

Recommended Depth 240 mm - but check stress and delflection limits


Section Depth mm 352 Weight 44.7 kg/m

Designation Weight Depth Flange Mod Zx


kg/m mm mm 10^3 mm3
360 UB 44.7 352 171 689

Section Mod Zx 689 10^3 mm3

Moment Capacity U 186 kNm.u WSD 166 Mpa working stress


165

DEFLECTION 18 mm (Near enough)

Max plant
Check L/D Ratio 339 360 areas 17
Light
duties eg
200 Purlins 30
Load
Factors

ess Design - Mech

1.5

1.5

1.25

183
kNu

(Near enough)

10^3 mm3
Copy in from Sheet 5 or 6

Mpa working stress


Mpa max
recommended

mm max

mm max
JJR 21-03-06

CANTILEVER DESIGN Yield Steel 300 Mpa

AS 4100 - Limit State Design


AS 3990 - Working Stress Design - Mech
Root Beam Length 6000 mm
Cantilever Length 3000 mm
Cantilever Load Width 2500 mm

UDL on Cantilever 5 kPa

Load on C/L Beam 37.5 kN 56.25 kNu

Point Load on C/L 20 kN 30 kNu


Distance from LHS (support side) 2000

OW Beam & C/L 44.7 kg/m

UDL OW 1 kN 2 kNu

Total Load 59 kN

39

[] []
2000
6000

UDL -10 49
Pt Load -7 27

Reactions -16 75 kN

BM UDL 58 kN m 87 kNm.u
Pt Load 40 kN m 60 kNm.u

Total BM 98 kN m 147 kNm.u


working ultimate

Designation Weight Depth Flange Mod Zx


kg/m mm mm 10^3 mm3
360 UB 44.7 352 171 689

Section Depth mm 352 Weight 44.7 kg/m

Section Mod Zx 689 10^3 mm3

Moment Capacity U 186 kNm.u WSD 143 Mpa working stress


165

DEFLECTION 33 mm (Near enough)


Deflections are always a problem with Cantile
The root beam deflects as well - magnifying t
deflection at the outer edge.
Where practical use a brace under to limit
deflection.

L/D ratio 90 The L/D ratio should be limited to 180 or bett

Other options include using a heavier root be


or arranging for a shorter root beam.
Load
Factors

ess Design - Mech

1.5

1.5
mm

1.25

88 kNu

20

3000

(Near enough)

10^3 mm3
Copy in from Sheet 5 or 6

Mpa working stress


Mpa max
recommended

a problem with Cantilevers.


s as well - magnifying the

brace under to limit

e limited to 180 or better.

using a heavier root beam,


rter root beam.
JJR 22-03-06
DESIGN LOADS ETS-109 Civil & Structural Design

Dead Load

Lighting & Utilities 0.1 kPa

Floor Grating 36.2 kg/m2 25 x 5 bars @ 30 crs WA255/1

Plate 6 mm 47.1 kg/m2


8 mm 62.8 kg/m2
10 mm 78.5 kg/m2
Any plate 25 mm 196.3 kg/m2
Checker Plate - add 2.0 kg/m2 for weight of grip pattern

Width Thickness kg/m


Any Flat Bar 100 10 7.9

Dia Thickness kg/m mm ID


Any Round Shaft 100 61.7
Any Tube 101.6 3.2 7.8 95.2

Live Load

Floors 5.0 kPa or


Workshops 5.0 kPa or
Stores to 2 m high 5.0 kPa
Over 2 m high 2.4 kPa per m height above floor
Stairs 4.0 kPa or
Walkways 2.5 kPa or
Conveyor Walkways 2.5 kPa or
Spillage Use worst possible spill profile to edge of Walkway
Conveyor Head & Tail Platforms 5.0 kPa or

Friction

Teflon on steel 0.05


Steel on steel 0.30
Steel on concrete 0.45

Materials & Product

Potable Water 1000 kg/m3


Process Water 1030 kg/m3
Ilmenite 2400
Reduced Ilmenite 1900
Sinter 740
Char 400
tural Design

@ 30 crs WA255/1

4.5 kN
30.0 kN

kPa per m height above floor


1.4 kN
1.4 kN
2.0 kN
profile to edge of Walkway
4.5 kN
JJR 22-03-06
BOLTS & WELDS

BOLTS GR 4.6 GR 8.8 Structural

M12 M16 M20

Useage Light Secondary Main


Fixings Members Structural

Area Shaft mm2 113 201 314

Ultimate Strength
Single Shear kNu 15 59 93

Tension kNu 27 104 163

Working Strength M12 M16 M20

Single Shear kN 10 40 62

Tension kN 18 69 109

WELDS

Ultimate Strength 6 8 10

SP Fillet weld 0.84 1.11 1.69

Working Strength 6 8 10

SP Fillet weld 0.56 0.74 1.13


mm Leg

kNu per mm

mm Leg

kN per mm
JJR 22-03-06
PROPERTIES OF BEAMS

Designation Weight Depth Flange Mod Zx


kg/m mm mm 10^3 mm3

460 UB 67.1 454 190 1300


410 UB 53.7 403 178 933
360 UB 56.7 359 172 899
360 UB 50.7 356 171 798
360 UB 44.7 352 171 689
310 UB 46.2 307 166 654
310 UB 40.4 304 165 569
310 UB 32.0 298 149 434
250 UB 37.3 256 146 435
250 UB 31.4 252 146 354
250 UB 25.7 248 124 285
200 UB 29.8 207 134 281
200 UB 25.4 203 133 232
200 UB 22.3 202 133 208
200 UB 18.2 198 99 160
180 UB 22.2 179 90 171
180 UB 18.1 175 90 139
180 UB 16.1 173 90 123
150 UB 18.0 155 75 117
150 UB 14.0 150 75 88.8
150 UB
125 TFB 13.1 125 65 69.4
100 TFB 7.2 100 45 29.2
JJR 22-03-06
PROPERTIES OF CHANNELS

Designation Weight Depth Flange Mod Zx


kg/m mm mm 10^3 mm3

300 PFC 40.1 300 90 483


250 PFC 35.3 250 90 361
230 PFC 25.1 230 75 233
200 PFC 22.9 200 75 191
180 PFC 20.9 180 75 157
150 PFC 17.7 150 75 111

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