Motor

Electric motor is the electro-mechanical machine which converts the electrical energy into
mechanical energy.
Classified Motor
The electric motor is mainly classified into two types. They are the AC motor and the DC motor.
The AC motor takes alternating current as an input, whereas the DC motor takes direct current.

BASIS AC MOTOR DC MOTOR

Nature of the Alternating Current is the main Direct Current is the main
Input Current input power in the AC motor input power in the DC motor

Supply Sources Three phase or single phase power Energy is obtained from
from the supply mains batteries, cells etc.

Commutation Absent in AC motor Present in DC motor

Process

Supply Phase Both single phase and three phase Only single phase supply is
supply are used used

Number of There are 3 input terminals RYB. There are two input terminals
terminals Positive and negative

Carbon brushes No carbon brushes There are carbon brushes in

the DC Motor

Applications Suitable for large and industrial DC motor is used in small and
applications domestic applications
 BASIS AC MOTOR DC MOTOR

Starting AC Motor are not self-starting. It DC Motor are self-starting

requires some external starting
equipment’s

Position of The Armature is stationary and the Armature rotates while the
Armature magnetic field rotates magnetic field remains
stationary.

Maintenance cost Less expensive as compared to DC DC Motor maintenance is

Motor more expensive.

Types of Electric Motor

They can also be further divided by the rotational principle.

Induction Motor
The machine which never runs at synchronous speed is called the induction or asynchronous
motor. This motor uses electromagnetic induction phenomenon for transforming the electric power
into mechanical power. According to the construction of rotor, there are two types of an induction
motor. Namely squirrel cage induction motor and phase wound induction motor.
Squirrel Cage Rotor
The motor which consists squirrel cage type rotor is known as a squirrel cage induction motor.
The squirrel cage rotor decreases the humming sound and the magnetic locking of the rotor.

Phase Wound Rotor

This rotor is also known as the slip ring rotor, and the motor using this type of rotor is known as
the phase wound rotor. By the phases, the induction motor is classified into two types. They are
the single phase induction motor and the three phase induction motor.

Single phase induction motor – The machine which changes1-phase AC electric power into
mechanical power by using an electromagnetic induction phenomenon is known as a single phase
induction motor.

Three-phase Induction Motor – The motor which converts 3-phase AC electric power into
mechanical power, such type of motor is known as a three-phase induction motor.

Synchronous Motor
The machine that changes the alternating current into mechanical power at the desired frequency
is known as the synchronous motor. In the synchronous motor, the speed of the motor is
synchronized with the supply current frequency.
Three Phase Induction AC Motor
90% of Industrial motor are induction type.
Two main parts: Stator and Rotor.
Stator is stationary part and Rotor in rotating part.

Stator is basically three coil winding. Three coil are connected 120 Degree apart. When three
phase current pass through this winding it produce rotating magnetic field.
According the Faradays Law when magnetic field varying EMF induced in the loop.EMF
produce Current in the loop and loop start rotating.
Frequency of induced EMF same as the supply frequency.
Induction motor speed can be controlled easily by controlling the input frequency of input
power.
In this power is transferred from stator to rotor winding through induction.