Part 1: Introduction to Fractions (for classes 6-10)

(Speaker wearing gauntlet of Thanos)

(mimicking Thanos) With one snap of my fingers I will wipe out half the universe
(Snap)
(white screen)
(speaker appears)
Hey! Thanos wiped out half the universe in Infinity War. But wait ,what does half exactly
mean?
(a big dark circle indicating universe population appears)
After snap (half of the circle remains dark, remaining half is white) The dark portion
lives. So, basically universe now has 2 parts white and black, out of which black is the
population alive. So,black is 1 portion of these 2 parts. So, we can say fraction of people
alive= ½
( a duplicate speaker (same person dressed differently) appears)
Duplicate Speaker: Wait, wait what is fraction?
Original Speaker: It indicates how many parts of a whole. Didn’t ring a bell? Suppose
you ordered a pizza. But all of a sudden 3 friends appear . Sharing is caring, right? So
how much do you get of it? ( a circular pizza appears, divided into 4 equal parts) So,
here these 4 parts indicate the whole, you take 1 part (taking that 1 part in hand) this is a
part of the whole, so the fraction you receive = ¼ .Similarly for 8 friends fraction you
1
receive =
8

(end of introduction)
Original: So how to represent fractions (thinking bubble appears with question mark).
Fraction has got 2 parts numerator and denominator
For eg, in ½ 1 is the numerator and 2 is the denominator. (screen shows same)
Duplicate: (Looking at the above example) That means numerator is always greater than
denominator.
Original: No, there are 3 types of fractions :proper, improper and mixed .In proper
,numerator is less than denominator as in ½ . In improper ,numerator is greater than
7
denominator as in ,say making 7 parts out of 4 pizza slices. In mixed there is a whole
4
number plus a fraction .Confusing right? Ok, tell me what is the duration of a football
match? 90 minutes right i.e. 60+30 minutes(show 90=60+30 ) Now we know 1 hour=60
minutes i.e. 1hour 30min(show 90min=1 hour 30min ).Since there is 60 minutes in 1
30 30
hour,So,30 min indicate hour (show 30min= hour ).Since 30 is the part 60 is the
60 60
30 90
whole. Now, duration of football match=1+ hour = hour.
60 60
90
Duplicate: such a big value.
60
90 9 9 3
Original: We can reduce it ( cut off zeros= ) Now 9 and 6 are multiples of 3 so ( = )
60 6 6 2

Duplicate: In a tie breaker match 30 additional minutes are given ,so in terms of fraction
what will be total value?
Original: This is called addition of fraction 30 min= ½ hour. Total original match
3 3 1 3+1 4
duration= hour. So, total match duration with extra time ( + = = =2)
2 2 2 2 2

Duplicate: Right so addition is applicable for same denominator.

3 1
Original : No dear see this ( + )
5 8
3
Take Lcm of denominators(8*5=40) first consider ( ) Lcm=40.
5

1st Step :Divide L.C.M by denominator (40/5=8)

24
2nd step: Multiply value of 1st step with numerator (8*3=24) So we can write ( ).Same
40
1 40 5
goes for ( where 1st step value = =5 2nd step value =5*1=5) so,we can write ( )
8 8 40
3 1 24 5 24 5
Hence( + = + ) So, this has reduced to same denominator form( + =
5 8 40 40 40 40
29
).Subtraction is no different.
40

Duplicate: Hmm, learnt a lot, feeling hungry now, give me a part of your slice of pizza.
Original :(Taking that 1 part of 4 slices) .But there is only 1 slice for me, you want to
share that as well?
Duplicate: Sharing is caring, make it half. Wait how much will I receive?
1 1
Original: ½ of ¼ pizza i.e. ( ∗ )
2 4

Duplicate: You mean multiplication of fraction?

Original: Yes
Duplicate: How to do it?
Original: Simple multiply numerators (1*1=1). Multiply denominators(2*4=8) Simplify
1 1 1
if necessary.( ∗ = )
2 4 8

Duplicate: So many rules (makes sad face)

Original: Multiplying fractions: no big problem,
Top times top over bottom times bottom.
And don't forget to simplify,
Before it's time to say goodbye
Duplicate: That’s great!!
Original: Ok, see you again with some fresh content and concepts. Bye(wave)
Part 2: Conceptual Problems
1.What fraction of a day is 6 hours?
Solution: We know that a day has 24 hours.
6 1
So, required fraction of a day= = day.
24 4

2.Little Singham is going to school 4 km away from home.He rides a bus for 3 km,
rest he walks .What fraction does he walk?
Soln: Total distance=4km
Little Singham travels 3 km by bus
So, distance travelled by walking=4-3=1 km
1
Hence fraction of total distance travelled by walking= km.
4
𝟑
3. A building had caught fire. th of people of the building have been successfully
𝟖
𝟏
rescued by fire -fighters. th of the remaining people were stuck in the top floor.
𝟒
The rest have somehow managed to get themselves out. Now, Robot Chitti made
impossible possible .He rescued those people stuck. So, what fraction of people
managed to get out by themselves ?
Soln: Let us consider total no of people in the building before fire as 1(whole).
3th
of the people being rescued by fire fighters ,hence fraction of remaining people
8
𝟑 𝟓
=1- =
𝟖 𝟖

¼ th of the remaining were rescued by Chitti.

 1 5 5
So, fraction of people rescued by Chitti= ∗ =
4 8 32
5 5 20−5 15
Hence fraction of remaining people who got out by themselves = − = =
8 32 32 32