Tps01 A Russian Space Station: ¥ The Mir Complex Mission Operations Directorate Space Flight Training Division Systems Training Branch February 10, 1994 National Aeronautics and ‘Space Administration Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Houston, TexasTDs01 FOREWORD ‘The content of this document was provided by the Space Station Systems Section, Systems ‘Training Branch, Space Flight Training Division (SFTD), Mission Operations Directorate (MOD), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). ‘This document was initiated from the recent decision to combine United States (U.S.) efforts with the Russians in space, not only for the proposed Space Station, but also with forthcoming astronaut and cosmonaut transfer programs involving the Shuttle and Mir Complex. The manual is imended as familiarization material for anyone who is supporting any of these missions, not as ‘a detailed account of the design and operations all of the Russian hardware. Although designed as a taining manual, it is not a part of any formal training flows at this time. ‘Due to the recent break-up of the Soviet Union, terminology throughout documentation lists both Russian and Soviet involvement. This manual tries to address equipment designed and built before the break-up as Soviet equipment operated by the Russians. Otherwise, itis strictly Rossian. Another confusing aspect is the use of “Mir”, Mir is actually only one part of the entire station, which is made up of the Mir and several other modules. Therefore, for the purposes of this ‘manual, “Mir” refers to the base or core module of the station. The entire station is referred to as the “Mir Complex”. ‘The document is organized in a “top-down” approach, starting with the history, then moving through operations and the different modules, down to systems descriptions. Again, the intent is to give an overview of the Mir Complex components, systems, and operations in a Training Manual format. Sources for the document, outlined at the end, were extremely limited and often marked as sensitive. As a result, there are a few holes in the material presented that were intended to be covered, and the level of detail varies slightly from topic to topic. Also included at the end of ‘the document is a “library” of drawings that were used for the manual. Electronic versions of these drawings/pictures can be obtained from the publisher, Space Station Information Support Group (SSISG), for use elsewhere. If there are changes you would like to see as a user of this document or in future revisions, please feel free to call the book manager, DT47/Mark Bockman, at (713) 244-7481, with any questions ‘or recommendations. We would also appreciate any information on additional sources that you might know about. Please enjoy the manual!TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1 Ld PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES 1.2 INTRODUCTION ......... 1.3. THE SALYUT PROGRAM... 1.4 THE BEGINNING OF MIR 1.5 THE KVANT-1 . . 1.6 THE KVANT-2 . 1.7 THE KRISTALL 1.8 THE SOYUZ . 1.9 THE PROGRESS . 1.10 SUMMARY .. QUESTIONS . 2 OPERATIONS PROFILE . . 2.1 PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES . 22 INTRODUCTION ... 2.3. GROUND OPERATIONS . 231 Control Center . . 23.2 Mission Preparation ._ 2.4 ONBOARD OPERATIONS . 25 MISSION PROFILE . 2.6 SUMMARY .. QUESTIONS ....... 3. STATION COMPONENTS .. 3.1 PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES . 3.2. INTRODUCTION .. 33° MIR... 34 35 THE HISTORY OF THE MIR COMPLEX .. 33.1 ‘Transfer Compartment 3.3.2 Working Compartment 3.33 Nonpressurized Assembly Compartment 33.4 Imermediate Compartment... ... 3.3.5 Mir System Support .... KVANT-1 ASTROPHYSICS MODULE . 3.4.1 Kvant-1 Systems Support ... : KVANT-2 SCIENTIFIC AND AIRLOCK MODULE ._. 3.5.1 Airlock Capability . ceeees 35.2 System Support . TDS01