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A Russian Space Station: ¥
The Mir Complex
Mission Operations Directorate
Space Flight Training Division
Systems Training Branch
February 10, 1994
National Aeronautics and
‘Space Administration
Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center
Houston, TexasTDs01
FOREWORD
‘The content of this document was provided by the Space Station Systems Section, Systems
‘Training Branch, Space Flight Training Division (SFTD), Mission Operations Directorate
(MOD), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC), National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA).
‘This document was initiated from the recent decision to combine United States (U.S.) efforts
with the Russians in space, not only for the proposed Space Station, but also with forthcoming
astronaut and cosmonaut transfer programs involving the Shuttle and Mir Complex. The manual
is imended as familiarization material for anyone who is supporting any of these missions, not as
‘a detailed account of the design and operations all of the Russian hardware. Although designed
as a taining manual, it is not a part of any formal training flows at this time.
‘Due to the recent break-up of the Soviet Union, terminology throughout documentation lists
both Russian and Soviet involvement. This manual tries to address equipment designed and
built before the break-up as Soviet equipment operated by the Russians. Otherwise, itis strictly
Rossian.
Another confusing aspect is the use of “Mir”, Mir is actually only one part of the entire station,
which is made up of the Mir and several other modules. Therefore, for the purposes of this
‘manual, “Mir” refers to the base or core module of the station. The entire station is referred to as
the “Mir Complex”.
‘The document is organized in a “top-down” approach, starting with the history, then moving
through operations and the different modules, down to systems descriptions. Again, the intent is
to give an overview of the Mir Complex components, systems, and operations in a Training
Manual format.
Sources for the document, outlined at the end, were extremely limited and often marked as
sensitive. As a result, there are a few holes in the material presented that were intended to be
covered, and the level of detail varies slightly from topic to topic. Also included at the end of
‘the document is a “library” of drawings that were used for the manual. Electronic versions of
these drawings/pictures can be obtained from the publisher, Space Station Information Support
Group (SSISG), for use elsewhere.
If there are changes you would like to see as a user of this document or in future revisions, please
feel free to call the book manager, DT47/Mark Bockman, at (713) 244-7481, with any questions
‘or recommendations. We would also appreciate any information on additional sources that you
might know about.
Please enjoy the manual!TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
1
Ld PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
1.2 INTRODUCTION .........
1.3. THE SALYUT PROGRAM...
1.4 THE BEGINNING OF MIR
1.5 THE KVANT-1 . .
1.6 THE KVANT-2 .
1.7 THE KRISTALL
1.8 THE SOYUZ .
1.9 THE PROGRESS .
1.10 SUMMARY ..
QUESTIONS .
2 OPERATIONS PROFILE . .
2.1 PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES .
22 INTRODUCTION ...
2.3. GROUND OPERATIONS .
231 Control Center . .
23.2 Mission Preparation ._
2.4 ONBOARD OPERATIONS .
25 MISSION PROFILE .
2.6 SUMMARY ..
QUESTIONS .......
3. STATION COMPONENTS ..
3.1 PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES .
3.2. INTRODUCTION ..
33° MIR...
34
35
THE HISTORY OF THE MIR COMPLEX ..
33.1 ‘Transfer Compartment
3.3.2 Working Compartment
3.33 Nonpressurized Assembly Compartment
33.4 Imermediate Compartment... ...
3.3.5 Mir System Support ....
KVANT-1 ASTROPHYSICS MODULE .
3.4.1 Kvant-1 Systems Support ... :
KVANT-2 SCIENTIFIC AND AIRLOCK MODULE ._.
3.5.1 Airlock Capability . ceeees
35.2 System Support .
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