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In June 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt signed into law the Food and Drug Act, also known as the
"Wiley Act." The Act prohibited, under penalty of seizure of goods, the interstate transport of food
which had the potential to injure people. It also said people could not sell medicine that was likely to
make people sick.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and
Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments, responsible for protecting and
promoting public health through the regulation and supervision of food safety, tobacco products,
medications, medical devices, animal products, and cosmetics.
The FDA also enforces other laws. These include sanitation requirements on interstate travel and
control of disease on products ranging from certain household pets to other things.
The FDA is led by the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, appointed by the President with the advice
and consent of the Senate. The Commissioner reports to the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
The 21st and current Commissioner is Dr. Margaret A. Hamburg. She has served as Commissioner
since February 2009.
The $5 work day is probably most important for its effects on other businesses. Soon workers around
Detroit, and later around the country, began asking for similar wages. This caused the standard of living
for people around the entire country to go up, and soon people were buying all sorts of commercial
products.