CIVE 378 Dr.

 Jiong Hu

CIVE 378 Materials of Construction

Introduction

Dr. Jiong Hu
Spring 2020

Outline
 Major types and classes of construction materials
 Major material properties
 Why we need to study construction materials?
 Selection considerations
 Processing - Structure - Properties - Performance

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CIVE 378 Dr. Jiong Hu

Introduction

Construction Materials Around You

Concrete
Masonry
Glass

Aggregate
Wood
Asphalt concrete

Steel

Composites
Aluminum

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CIVE 378 Dr. Jiong Hu

Major Classes of Materials

By Chemical Compositions
• Polymers
• Ceramics
• Metals
• Composites

By Construction Purposes
• Aggregate
• Cement and concrete
• Steel and Aluminum
• Masonry
• Wood
• Asphalt concrete
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• Composites

Material Properties
 Nonmechanical Properties
 Mechanical properties
 Density and unit weight
 Strength
 Thermal expansion
 Elasticity and
stiffness (recoverable stress  Corrosion and degradation
vs. strain) resistance
 Plasticity (non-recoverable  Abrasion and wear
stress vs. strain) resistance
 Brittleness or toughness  Surface texture
 Fatigue

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CIVE 378 Dr. Jiong Hu

Why we need to study

construction materials?
Selection considerations Column
 The in-service conditions must be failure
characterized, for this will dictate the (Loma
properties required of the material. Prieta
 Any deterioration of material properties earthquake)
that may occur service operation. For
example, significant reductions in mechanical
strength may result from exposure to http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~braile/e
elevated temperatures or corrosive dumod/eqphotos/eqphotos1.htm
environment.
 Economics: A material may be found that
has the ideal set of properties but is
prohibitively expensive.
 Resource depletion: How to find new
reserves, develop new environmentally-
friendly materials, and increase recycling.

http://www.abcnews.go.com/Blotter/story?id=5
492351&page=1

Bridge Collapse (I-35W Minneapolis,

7 MN)

Processing - Structure -
Properties - Performance

 How to decide what materials to use?

Pick Application  Required properties (mechanical, thermal,
durability…)
Properties  Required materials (type, structure,
composition)
Material  Required processing (changes to structure and
desired shape, via casting, annealing, joining, mechanical, …)

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CIVE 378 Dr. Jiong Hu

Summary Construction Materials

• Aggregate
• Cement and concrete
• Metal
• Masonry
• Wood
• Asphalt concrete
Why Study
Construction
Materials and
Material Properties
Processes?
• Mechanical
• In service
properties
condition
• Non-mechanical
• Deterioration
Properties
• Cost
• Resource
depletion
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Course Learning Objectives

 Students will demonstrate an understanding of the
fundamental behavior of materials.
 Students will demonstrate strong technical knowledge related
to construction materials including identifying common
materials and their various properties.
 Students will demonstrate knowledge of and experience in
testing material properties.
 Students will demonstrate a thorough understanding of
contemporary construction material designing, manufacturing,
and evaluation processes.
 Students will develop the capability of applying modern
technology to solve construction-material related problems
such as material selection, development (design and
manufacturing), and evaluation.

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CIVE 378 Dr. Jiong Hu

Questions?

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Next Section - Chapter 2 (Nature Of

Materials)
 2.1Basic materials  2.2 Metallic materials
concepts  2.2.2 Lattice defects
 2.1.1 Electron configuration  2.2.3 grain structure
 2.1.2 bonding  2.2.4 Alloys
 2.1.3 Material classification  2.2.5 Phase diagram
by bond type  2.2.6 Combined effects

 2.3 Inorganic solids

 2.4 Organic solids
 2.4.1 Polymer development,
structure and cross-linking

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