DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF NORYL SOLAR AIR

HEATER

Presented

By

BADSHAH ALAM
Mechanical Engg. Section
University Polytechnic

F/o. Engineering & Technology
Jamia Millia Islamia
New Delhi-110025.

Introduction
z Since the fossil fuels are limited in nature
therefore we have to move an alternative direction
to gain energy. In these sources solar energy can
be play vital roll.
z Fossil fuels are also causes air pollutions.
z Solar air heater is used in space heating.
z Solar air heating can be also used to dry
agricultural products i.e. Grains, Fruits, Date and
spices etc.
z So if we used solar energy to heat the air in their homes,
our environment would be cleaner.
2

z The plastics are therefore being researched as an alternative for metallic collectors. 3 . Aim and scope z The aim of present analysis is to investigate the design and development of noryl air heater or solar thermal applications. copper etc. z The conventional solar energy collector are metal like galvanized iron. z These materials are energy intensive. z some of the plastic have very suitable property for glazing in collectors as compared to glass. it takes 5 years for them to collect solar energy equal to that used in their production.

z It is black in colour and has melting temperature of 170oC and can be built in channels for heat removal. z Greater freedom of design in another advantages 4 and has more economical and safer than glass. z Easy to handling and installation. high light transmission and better shatter resistance than glass. . because of their light weight. z These days certain plastic are attractive materials for use in glazing and lighting applications. Typical properties of plastis z The GE plastic made of Noryl material is multi wall sheets.

20 6. Table-I Glazing Specific Coefficient of Visible high Tensile Impact strength Flexural material gravity thermal transmission strength (notched modulus (ASTMD expansion (ASTMD specimen) (ASTMD 792) (ASTMD792) 638) Mpa J/m(ASTMD 790) Gpa 10-5/OC 256) 130d Test PMMA 1.4 76-85 76-117 430-1070 50-100 PVC (Rigid) 1.40-1.19 3.46-2.1 91-93 72 21-27 2.2-3.4 (Acrylic) Polycarbonate 1.40 5.0-10.2-2.7 Sheet glass (Soda 2.6 82-89 62-72 640-860 2.0 76-89 38-62 13-64 2.6 GRP 1.6-3.49 0.4-4.60 3. Brittle - lime glass) 5 .30-1.85 88-90 .

[2006] z Arvind Tiwari et al. [2006] z C. Literature Survey z Wenxian Lin et al. [2005] z Irfan & aydin. [2006] z Turhan Koyuncu. [2004] z Ammari. [2000] z Kaushika. [2003] z Benon & Fuller. [2002] z Adel.D. [1980] 6 .Ho et al. [1997] z Blaga .

z The riser tube are channel with a square cross-section and are embodied in the absorber plate. 7 . z The header tubes are PVC pipes of 65 mm diameter. Methodology z The propose air heater consists of a plane black absorber sheet (1250mm x 1000mm) made of Noryl plastic material. z The glazing is made of polycarbonate structured materials of thickness 10 mm.

z The channels are covered with wooden frame which provides the strength and side insulation. z An air gap of 10 mm is provided between the black absorber and the bottom thermo Cole insulation. Methodology z The air gap between the absorber and glazing is 10 mm. 8 . z The bottom insulation is provided by the thermo Cole sheet of 10 mm thickness.

9 .Assembly drawing of noryl solar heater.

10 . z Atmospheric pressure was measured from barometer. z The above parameters are measured at New Delhi (28.58oN) in the summer season from 10 am to 4 pm with a gap of 10 minutes. z Solar radiation on horizontal surface has been measured using pyranometer. Field measurements z The working of solar air heater is investigated through field measurements. z The collector was placed facing southward at a tilt of 10o to horizontal. z Temperature at inlet and outlet have been measured with the help of nickel and chromium thermocouples. z Wind speed was measured at the inlet of bottom header. z Following parameters have been measured to asses the performance of the system.

Observations z The diameter of inlet nozzle: 65 mm z The diameter o outlet nozzle: 30 mm z Air velocity at inlet: 0.2 m/sec z Atmospheric pressure: 750 mm of Hg 11 .

50 670.50 0.70 675.70 0.60 0.20 0.733 14:00 54.10 33.10 0.70 481.743 12 16:00 51.80 613.70 0.40 0.50 0.735 13:30 64.90 35.50 37.746 11:00 56.50 0.60 36. Inlet Temp.00 595.50 719.50 39.10 37.90 39.60 36.10 34.00 39.40 560.742 12:00 58.70 0.10 0.736 15:30 55.736 14:30 59.744 13:00 58. Time Outlet Temp.00 668.80 603.728 15:00 59.741 12:30 52.40 42.20 0. Solar Irradiance Mass flow rate Hrs (o c) (o c) (w/m2) gram/sec 10:00 50.90 381.80 34.749 10:30 54. Table-II The table shows the averaged measured values in the month of may with a gap of 30 minutes.90 635.90 40.80 650.20 622.70 0.747 11:30 58.745 .

The mass flow rate of air is computed follows: z Mass flow rate of air m• = ( P x V) /( R x T). Results & Discussion z The performance of noryl solar air heater is computed on the basis of measured data . where. z Where V is the volumetric flow rate and given as: V= a x v. P: atmospheric pressure and T: ambient temperature and R: Gas constant for air. 13 . a. is the cross-sectional area of nozzle at inlet and v is the velocity of the flow.

z This Fig. z It is found that solar air heater has ability to produce hot air of temperature difference 10o C -30oC in the month of may.z The calculated mass flow rate is also given in table-II during corresponding periods. .2 shows the variation of inlet and outlet temperature with different hours of the day. z This temperature is sufficient for space 14 heating and drying purposes. shows the gain in the temperature of air during different hours of the day. z The Fig2.

15 .

16 .

Wooden strip of 20mm x 1000mm 2 Nos. 65mm 2 Nos.Detailed drawings of all parts of Solar Air Heater 2 Nos. PVC Pipe of dia. Nozzles .

thermocoal 1250mm x 1000mm 18 . noryl sheet (black/white) 1250mm x 1000mm 1 No.Noryl Sheets and Thermocoal 2 Nos.

Conclusions zA solar air heater is using multi wall structure plastic sheet and the glazing has been developed and its performance in the field condition has been investigated. 19 . It therefore a suitable air heater for producing hot air of space heating and agricultural drying applications.The air heater is capable of providing hot air of temperature difference (15o C-30o C) on a moderate sunny day.

93. Wenfeng Gao and Tao Liu. Turhan Koyuncu. Delhi.26.1073. .H. References 1.165.165. N.2002.Avinas Chandra.M... Selcuk. UDC 69. Benon B.2006.75.Principles and application of solar energy.Performance evaluation of PV thermal solar air collector for composite climate of India.2-036.Energy.M.72. Solar Energy. and Aydin D.1361. Irfan K.13. Ammari.D.D..H. 12.S. 8.2796. 2.C. 11.1043.1489.30. A mathematical model of thermal performance of a solar air heater with slats. 10.2003.9.1. Heat transfer enhancement in double pass flat plate solar air heaters with recycle.15.Sodha. 7.A.29.028. Y.j.Joshi. Renewable Energy.28.D.1597.31.Wang. and Fuller R. Efficiency and Exergy analysis of a new solar air heater.Plastic in glazing and lighting applications. Energy conversion and management. Yeh and R.90.10. Renewable Energy. C.2005.Thermal and economical analysis of the overlapped glass plate solar air heaters.Renewable Energy.Solar Energy.1971. relatively heated screen matrices. K. 3.10. 5. and Beckman.41. 2004. Environ Academia and IBT Publishers.2006.13.Kaushik. Performance of various design of solar air heaters for crop drying applications .1988. Solar energy Materials and solar cells.1980. 20 India. H.H.7. Performance of air cooled. Natural convection solar drier with biomass backup heter.Blaga. ASME. 9. Trans. Arvin tiwari. Ho.2006. Applied Thermal Energy.175.C. 1971.National Research Council Canada (Canadian Building Digest).2000.2. A parametric study on the thermal performance of cross corrugated solar air collector. A.221. 4. 6. Energy for power. Adel A. Wenxian Lin. W. Hamid.Thermo hydraulic performance of air heating solar collector with variable width flat absorber plates. J.J.

zTHANK YOU 21 .