IACS-Supplement Notes On Pneumatic Electropneumatic

EAB4223/EEB 5223-Supplements notes
on Pneumatic & Electro-pneumatics
d es are Contents:
ant sli
he rel ev
6 -1 -1 8.
1
T
1-1-1 -6 , and 1- • Introduction to pneumatic &
electro-pneumatic systems
• Designing pneumatic and electro-
pneumatic circuits
Assoc. Prof. Dr Nordin Saad

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS
Email: nordiss@petronas.com.my
Tel: 05-368 7835
Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP
1- 1 Course Instructor: Dr Nordin Saad
Designing Pneumatic & Electro-pneumatic circuits
• Objectives:
1. Familiarize with the terms, symbols of pneumatic and

electro-pneumatic components.
2. Design and build pneumatic and electro-pneumatic
circuits.
3. Use simulation software (Automation Studio, Pneusim
Pro).

• Pneumatic circuits
1. Input elements (pneumatic)-”sensors”: eg. Push button
(PB), limit switch.
2. Pneumatic processors: e.g. directional valves (3/2 NC
valve, etc.), solenoid valve, air (pressure) actuated
valve, etc.
3. Output elements (pneumatic)-”actuators”: single acting
cylinder, double acting cylinder ( usually operates on
average at an air pressure of 6 bar).

Directional valves
Valves are named (represented) according to

• number of ports
• number of control positions
2/2 way NC valve
2/2 way NO valve
3/2 way NC valve

Directional valves actuations
Valves may be actuated by

• manual actuation
• mechanical actuation
• pressure (pneumatic) actuation
• electronic (electrical or electronics relay actuation)**

• Pneumatic circuits examples
3/2 way NC valve, PB actuated, spring returned
3/2 way NO valve, PB actuated, spring returned
3/2 way NC valve, roller actuated, spring returned
4/2 way valve, pressure actuated, spring returned
5/2 way valve, pressure actuated, pressure

returned
and e.t.c…

Using Combinational Logic – similar to designing of electrical and
electronic circuits (digital logic).
b z
Input
COMBINATIONAL
CIRCUITS Output
The circuit is defined with the aid of a TRUTH Table.

EXAMPLE 1
Obtain switching functions for z, considering when the output =1.
Check for minimization using Algebra, or mapping technique.
a b c z
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0
c c
0 1 0 1 a b 0 0
0 1 1 1 a b 1 1 ab
a b 0 0
1 0 0 0 a b 0 1
abc
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 0 z=ab +abc

Double acting
cylinder
• Pneumatic circuits a
a
a
Realization of the a b ab
pneumatic circuits.
5/2 NO
valve
Implement the
a
b
b
logics. E.g. 3/2 NO ab abc

is analogy to NOT
b
gate, shuttle valve ab

OR logic
(Shuttle valve)
is analogy to OR 3/2 NO valve
gate. c ab
c abc
3/2 NC valve

• Pneumatic circuits (example) EXAMPLE 2
Parts are to be fed into a production machine from a gravity feed machine. The
actuator used is a double acting cylinder. The sequence is to be initiated by a
pressing button (PB).
Given that the pneumatic circuit consists of the following components:
PB (x1),
a double acting cylinder,
3/2 way NC valve, roller actuated, spring returned (x2), and
a 5/2 way valve, pressure actuated.
The TWO 3/2 way valves are used to detect the position of the cylinder, when retracted, or
extended.
Assume that, initially the cylinder is in the retract position.
Produce the required circuit. (next page)
• Identify the control
signals
a- a+
• Produce the Set/Reset
• Implement the logic.
PB AND a-
Available, Three control
signals, PB, a-, a+
The SET/RESET for
actuator: PB
Set: PB AND a-
Reset: a+
EXAMPLE 3
• Pneumatic circuits (example)
Design another circuit that would operates similar to example 2.
The sequence will only start when TWO PB are pressed at the same time.
PB (x2),
3/2 way NC valve, pressure actuated, spring returned (x1), and
a 5/2 way valve, pressure actuated.
Produce the required circuit. (next page)

Available, two control
signals: PB1, PB2
The SET/RESET for actuator: PB1 AND PB2
Reset: spring
Set: PB1 AND PB2 returned.
Reset: spring returned.
PB1 PB2

• Electro-pneumatic circuits
1. Input elements (electrical)-”sensors”: eg. Electrical Push
button (PB), proximity sensor, electrical limit switch.
2. Electrical processors: e.g. PLC, personal computer, relay,
etc.
3. Output elements (electrical)-”actuators”: electrical motor,
stepper motor, servo motor, buzzer, lamp, LED.

• Electro-pneumatic circuits (example) EXAMPLE 4
Modify example 3, using electrical control. The sequence will only start when
TWO PB are pressed at the same time.
PB (x2),
a double acting cylinder, and
a 5/2 way valve, coiled actuated.
Produce the required circuit.

• Direct control
• Indirect control (i.e. via electronic relay)
1 2 1 2
24V 24V
1 PB1 1 PB1 1 K1
1 PB2
2
4 2
4 2
1 PB2
2 2
Y1 Y1
5 1 3
1
2 1
5 1 3
2
1 K1
Y1
Y1
0V
2 0V 2
2
Direct Indirect

• Electro- pneumatic circuits (example) EXAMPLE 5
Modify example 2, using electrical control (instead of the pneumatic control)..

The solenoid is to be indirectly controlled via a coil. Given that the electro-
pneumatic circuit consists of the following components:
PB (x1),
3/2 way NC valve, roller actuated, spring returned (x2), and
a 5/2 way valve.
Note that: The TWO 3/2 way valves are used to detect the position of the cylinder,
either retracted, or extended, coil, and relay.

A- A+
24V PB1 K1 K1
A-
Y1
A+ Y1
K1
0V
Pneumatic circuit
Electro-pneumatic circuit


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EAB4223/EEB 5223-Supplements notes

on Pneumatic & Electro-pneumatics

Assoc. Prof. Dr Nordin Saad

1. Familiarize with the terms, symbols of pneumatic and

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

Valves are named (represented) according to

2/2 way NC valve

2/2 way NO valve

3/2 way NC valve

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

Valves may be actuated by

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

3/2 way NO valve, PB actuated, spring returned

3/2 way NC valve, roller actuated, spring returned

4/2 way valve, pressure actuated, spring returned

5/2 way valve, pressure actuated, pressure

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

The circuit is defined with the aid of a TRUTH Table.

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

logics. E.g. 3/2 NO ab abc

gate, shuttle valve ab

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• Pneumatic circuits (example) EXAMPLE 2

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The SET/RESET for actuator: PB1 AND PB2

Reset: spring returned.

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

• Electro-pneumatic circuits (example) EXAMPLE 4

Produce the required circuit.

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

• Electro- pneumatic circuits (example) EXAMPLE 5

Modify example 2, using electrical control (instead of the pneumatic control)..

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

Electrical & Electronics Engineering, UTP

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