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Color: Dark gray o~ ,gr~ over-all. '\

.CON T~UCTI(~N'~ 'l~he Hi is a .one .. p~ece .cDost

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When water targets ureLhe object of an at t.ack

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permits a much smaller angle of irn pact w ii.hout

ricochet, w f

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SlJSPEN~I~. Horizontal or vertical by an

eyebolt,

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COU)R. Sanqy grey, or' dark green over all.

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Yellow stripes on each segment of cone.

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Over-all Length: 43.3 in.

· Body Length: 26.4 in.

BO,dy Dranleter: 8.0 in~

W~'JI Tllicknes&_:_ 0.16 in. to 0.24 Tail Length: lp.l,in.,q

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, is ,like .the J a, 'with a th~a.sied lu~,~ Jorioo ~ the nos~ _of the bomb: A steel spi):e 18.5 inches long,

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1.8 inches. in diame~r can ~e'''~ured to this lug.

(See fig. )O~) ,

II

, The sheet steel tail cone is secured to the bomb

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~y by ,eight sCrews. ,More recent models

. .

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a 'rol1ar ,welded around the 'ne f the bomb ii. d

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the tail, cone ~s secured' to this" lIar qy sCrews. ":;' '

The- holes in the tail fins 'are uSed when screamers

• • l-

· are attached. J ~

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Bombs can bfr modified for use' on water targets

o~ removing the ~tail fins.' t is, claimed ballistics nre}not changed u~ ~;;an tit~de of 200 me~rs., ' Fuze EIA~ (38) >is used 011 this ,type uf target.. '

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GERMAN EXPLOSIVE' ORDNANCE·

I

------- -

..

.

to the J.C, the '<lun!ity of the ste~~l heing tlH~ n~al

(l (ft~e re 11 ce, _ I t wa S I> rod uced 0 III Y ill' I i III i ted

qu t1. ~ 1 t j t ie s . k

• i

The sheet steel tH,il COile is rj veted to ,1 ring;

, which is: sec II red to tIle bomb body by eight screws .

;' . - - -

'~rl-'l)e SIr 1 al l .]) o I es on the fi ll~ a re used to at t llC i1 '

.. ::I ~ .- I..... I ..

~ 'screamers. (See fig. 11~)

, Graae. II can also be modified for .use against

(~~~)XSTRllCTION. The .IB· has a one-piece nose water tal'gets. Sltlne modificat.ion .and reslllts us

-'~~_.I - for Crlt:l(le r are clu inle<l:

nHd body_· The base is 'welded Io the body. 'The. "'1', • ,- ~c

J(' ha:; a pressed st eel Bose: and drawnsteel body. I e- SlJSPE~SI()N., .Either horizontal OJ' vert ica l,

L.. _ ,

Here the- nose and base ure welded to body. "The C()LOR. Sandy grey or dark g,re-en; yellow

- ~l J '

J was the ear ly model of '"tlle JB' and t~H~Y are ._ stripe Oil each. section of tail cone. .

'identical in construction, The ~/2 is' very ~~milnr

-

r 1 ~ H iI" r i , I i 1".; ] 1 . {) ill.

,

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Fi lIing: {_ 'ast T:NT; powdered Amutul ; or ,~ast

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T r i 'n L; n. ~ \ '" ·

.' "yeight l; Filliug':, 21 t.. :2.1 kg.

. Tot a I \\r e IJ.;11t : ~tn t'o 55 leg ..

('Illl rgtl~ '\1" eig}lt ll~it it) ~ +t)~/~.

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SC 250 TYPES· 1, 2, AND 3; J,' L,- l2, B

AND K

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Over-all Length : 64.5 in. L2 (Stab_o) 87 in.

. Body Length ~ 47.0 in, Body Diarneter« 14.5 in.. ,

.

Wall Thickness: O~3 in. wall to 2~8 in. at nose.

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-F'illill'g: ()(}1/4()~I\lll(lt()I, TNT; TN'T a nd w a x or

',. ,\\'Oliulrienl -and a lumiuum powder and nuph-

tlialene-and ammenium nitrate. '

'Veight of Filling' : "287 lhs, ;.

, T(~tal ""'ei.ght: 548 Ibs,

' .. Cllg/"rt Ratio: 52706 +

:II'

Fuz ing : 5 series, 17 nnd 50 series. 57 in Stnbo.

•

CON-8TH L~CTrON : ~

..

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- POCKE T' .....,__. .... t .... ~· '__._~

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'T"J)E 1 ~ Includes Models J, L, and LQ," J is of

. ,

, . one piece const ruct iou forget! ste~l; L is nile pie{_"~

construct ion' t ube st eel; L:l is t wo piece ("Ollst rue-

III ~. -;,.,_

. t ion, nose- forged steel, body tube steel. (~l'~ fig,

1'2:) .'. ,

- T1:~ I;~: 2: J is t "TO" piece C(}Il st ruct i (J It ·f(J rgt~ (.1 stee I.

. T)"l'E 3: Includes lIodels -J, J~, and H. J is three 'pie~~ <;olls~'lmcti{~Jl; nose, forged stl:~l; body;

tube steel ;_anclbase, forged st eel. B is t h ree piece \. •

cons!rl"'luction; nose, cast steel; body, tube stet"}; \

and base, arched case steel. _ K is t h ret~-IJ 1~l'~ von- Or

,structioq,; nose, cnse .ha rdened steel; body, tube

.' stee 1_; - unel base, cast. st eel ~ - ~I

• l

SUSPENSIO_N. Suspension is eith«:: h or izont al

~r vertical. t:~ .e

~ ~

~ . ~

COLO~ AND MARKINGS:: Field grey. ~l\y'lJlli(~

.. , ()l~ aluininunf over~Hll. Ye-l'l~"w stl'ipl'~ 011 ·th~ tail.

·RE~fARKS. The L2 .~ype4ls0l~H~'t,i(llp~' Pql~jpp()d

.. with u spike lllsking it detonate ab(),~e diP gl'olllHl. < ..

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~. SC soO-kg ·~DE III (K,· L2 J) ."

, ~

~DATA;

Over-all Length: 80 in; .

Body Length: K-55.7 in. L2, ~8.5 in. J"

r

57~O, in. . {

, .

, ," Body Diameter: '18 in. .

/~~, W;il~"Thickne~: 0.3 in. wall til 3~2 in. nose.

. ~ \:, ,

,

. Tail Length ; 29.5 in. "

Tall W'idth: 25.0 in. . ' .' \

~iIling: 40/60 or' 50/50 Amatoi TNT, .Trialen, :' . Bombs recovered with Tr:al~n filling huve

cylindrical· paper Wrapped pellets 11%8 in. inJength 'and diameter forming a column,

., along the main axis of. the bomb. 'The~ pelIets are composed of RDX/ AlumjW ax. Some bombs have approximately 500 pellets. iii addition' distributed throughout, the fiUing.. ·

. We~~t of Filling: 220 kg. · ., >

- _ , '1::" .;.

Total Weight.: :500 kg. ,~ ..

CHG;_WT .Ratio : 44%. .

Fuzing:' 5, 17, and 50.. 38, for antisub,

I • _ _ I ...

.. - _ .. r ..

. -

CONSTRUCTlON" .The SC 500~kg Grade III

~ "bomb js constructed. in three sections : nose 'piece,

J" -" - .eenter Se~tion,' and tail c!os~ng. 'assernbly.: ,The steel nose is -"cast and machined ,to the proper .di"men!;ions" I'. It nd then _ welded "to 8 dra wn s~eei tn be known' as 'the .. center ' Secti~n. The- tail closing

.. ~assemh!y.eonsists.'ofa sheet ~teeJ'do~e,_an~',~ steel ;,". c'6nnecdng ring. '. The flat steel connecting ring is

riveted' to the,.' ofltsi.de;; of the .dome, n,nd thf(n t~e . .. ,whole assembly is' secu~d to the after ena of the' .'. center 'sectiol~;' ,,;ith' 16, counterSunk bolti;. (see

, fig .. ' 13',)'" The tail asseinbIy is plaood in thi~. position, only llfte'r the 'bomb .has been filled ·with

, I

: explosive. ,

")",' '~her~ are two. t,tansv:~~ f~ ~kets·. in ' t?is · .' 'serIes. ~e forward· pocket gen.erally ,contaIns the impact· fuze and the after pocket hIlS either. a. type 17 time fuze .or a ·type 5,0, ant.idi~turban~

,fuze.. In :case -the ,bonib is to be used in.anti$ubma .. ".

- ." ,

- ~ '-' , .

rine work, ,the forwat~ fuze pocket ,,·iU contain,

a' ty~' ;38 fuze. A )lopfring will : also " be' n~~ed \

. fo .. , this type,,.of work.' . , <

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CONSTRUCTION. TIle· SC 1000 and se 1000

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_ L2 general 'dem-olition bombs have a drawn steel '

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, tube body. A,very heavy constructedpointed nose

, is welded to the forward- . end of the drawn .steel _ body. The after ~nd of the bombbody is threaded

I ... ..

'to take a female base plate .. Thettail attachment

.- --

bruce is tack welded to thevbody .just forward of '

, ,th~ base, plate. - . .

.. :-

The magnesium alloy tail unit is of welded con-

..

struction and is equipped with ring type strut..

, .The unit is secured to. the bomb body in two ways ; it is welded directly to- the bomb where the base .of the cone contacts the body, andit is also bolted "..,.to the .ta il attachment brace with 16 round-head

bolts. (See"fig.- 14.) ,". ' -, ,

"I'his series of boinbs are equipped with only 'one transverse' fuze pocket, It is located approxi-, I mately 8 inches off the suspelTsion lug, and usually contajns one of the ;El A ~ (55) series fU3es(

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..

· In addi~i.l to the boster pellets in the transverse fuze pocket, a central exploder tube of high grade ,{NT islocated in the center ()f the explosive cavity.

:This tube runs almost the entire length of the C11." ity and is used to insure high order defonation"_

The nose of the bomb is always fitted with the '

large size kopfring..c · CI' _

,SUSPE;NSION: Hor izontal by meunts of an H-

~ ,t )l"l>e lug, ~ ·

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'COLOR~ 'Sky blne with a yellow strip on the tail" ,

· ... c()ne" · '

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REliARKS. When filled ,wirh 'I'r ia len (105), in

.. _ J

place of :teUow: .st ripes qp. the tail con~ n silhouette

of a ship is stencilled in yellow paint.. ()n, the bomb 'body is stencilled "nur g~gen hundelsch iffeu"

(use only against merchant ships). It is stated

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that against nonarmor plnted targets it gi \~es off' . "

· a good mining and blast effect, also good tinder-

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Over-a ll Length:' '109'.5 in.

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Body · Length: 75.0 in.

Body Diameter- 25.6 in .

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CONS'rRl~CTIO~. The iSC 1~200-kg bomb is ,·er)'· si mil H r j 11 const ruct i on tot he S(J 1 (~()() se ries. The body is a drawn steel tube to which has been

.. I ~ •

welded a heavy cast steel nose. ·T'he u ft er-eud .of

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" .

1mspensioil lug. (-See fig. 15.) A-\. Kop fr iug is

welded to the nose.

The magnesium alloy tail unit is sjm ilu r to that OIl the se 1000 series and is secured-t o t he bomb

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in the same manner. .' ;

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water results. Low level attack~ using this bomb

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cannot b: made because of the lnck -of safety for

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the releasing plane,

SC 1200

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Tail Thickness : ,~46.5 in.

Tail Width: 269+0. in. ·

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Sl1SPENSION. _....\._ suspension ba nd is plar~d around the body of the .bomb at t he center uf gray-

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ii- ity. Secured to this band is an H-type suspension

lug. ./

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COLOR. Sky blue over-al l with a yellow stripe

,~

011- the tail COlle. ~

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F'illing : Trialen ' · -:,,}f eigl~t of F'illing ; 631 kg.'

.llotal \reight; 1,117 kg.

~!tg/'Vt Ratio: 57%. .

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,lowing ;NiB be stencilled 011 the case., _~' 105" ., Bei

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Abwurf auf land nieht 'im Tiefangrift und nur

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land targets; always nondelay.)

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or 25B .

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CONS1'RUCTION. The SC 1 SOD-kg' bomb has

· the same general construction as the SC 1000 and

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se ~200 series. .Lt is fitted with a Hingle fuze

'pocket, J: '"' • , ".

.: T?e ta.il 'unit is c~lStructed ~of f;heet steel. The

.fOUT fins ih;e hr:ced 'with diagonal bars on the SC

.... ...

1800, model and with the ring type bruce on the

SC, IBOOB nH)d~fl.. (See fig. 16.) · The SC l~OO' set-res has the c~~ntral'TNT exploder tube like the ·

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se 10f'0 .

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SUSPENSIONto Horizontal, using -the H-type

suspension lug. .....

COLOR: Sky blue. over-all with yellow stripe on

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tail COlle.

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SC 2,OOO-KG

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DATA:

..

Over~all Length: 139"~ i~ . Body ~n~:' 106- -in. ; ,

_ , Body Diap1eter;,' 26.0 in. .

_ . W'all ThickIfess,: 17/32 in: '

Tail Length.: 443A -in.

Tail Width: 24'1/2 in. ,_,:_ Filling: 40/60 ·Amuto}.

~ .

'Veight ~f FiU~ng;, 975 _kg.

Total .'\Veight: 1950 kg.

. .

( ~hg/wt. Ratio: 50%. • ·

L'ONSTRUCTI()X, ,The enfire body is forged into one piece and. ~ machine finished externally. A triangular ring (Kopfring) is ln~hl('J OIl the' nose ~to ,[>revenf excessive ground penet l'·aLi(JIl. A' 5;8-inch plate IS welded inside the 'cl\.~ing lwn~ath

~ -

the H-type stlspE}flsion ~D act a~ a ::;t iffener.\

The bomb- contallls one trilflsv.erse fuze pocket

- '

located just aft of the suspension lug. A 2-~inch

diameter steel bar with threaded holes i 11 l~Hch -enG

, .

also runs tran.sversely but nl r,ight angles to the

-fuze pocket, 'l~hese h~les re~('ive tIlt' uetachaLle trunnio,! screws whit;h g're used on I)' fur tli ve

, .

. _ bombing. A dished tail retainiIlJ,{ ring cOHtainiug

24 boles is welded to, the bomb ('asillg Hellr' the

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base. Twelve small SCre\Hi affix' the tail nsseluuly

, .

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. to: this. '( See fig'. 17. ) .",.' .

, The t8i] is inad~ of- ~~2~inch :-;heet steel. Each

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CONSTRUCTION. The SC 2,500 has an aluminum body witha welded headand tailpiece. There are two welded fuze' pockets, The rear fuze pocket

, is in the plane of the suspension lug. The forward . pocket is' rotated about 30° to the right. This. pocket, is "onnected to the nose of the bomb by a ' tube which extends 8. break-up functioning rod.

(See fiiJ. 18~). This rod, which is 'centrill to the axis of the bomb, will on distortion of the nose

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crush the lower section of th~ (24) fuze to explode

the bomb. A kopfr-ing is welde(l to the nose.

.: .. ' · The t~"il of the SC 2500 is aluminum and of the

drum type. : · ·

~

SlJST>ENSI()N. Hor-izontal by an H-typc lug.

A suspension band is placed- around -bonlbs to gi ve

a solid base for. the suspension lug. , '

COLOR AND ,M.l~RKINGS. Sky prll~ over-u l l. se 2500 is stenciled on the body in ·letter':-;,:1· i[)('h~s high. Two yellow stripes are' painted OIl t be' uody between the tail fins> A .few anti--+;hippillg bomos have been found with' the following stenci.led on

. .

the body: "Bei abwurf auf land n ich t lf~l t il·faI.'- <

griff und nur o.V_"" (not if) be relea~d o ve r laud in low level attack and .~l ways wit IH~u t dda y) .

.

,.This type. is thqught to be filled \"ilb Trlait'li 105.

,

REMARKS. The bomh is very Sill11fl:t1' to the SB 2500. The main difference+is t fill t the SC is

, ,.

made of a lurn inum w hi le the Sll is II~aci~ ()f stee l.

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r ~le bomb is filled (hrough the HO:--,e. Bt:>ctluse or ...

tHe rupture-type fuze, bombs cannot be (!roppe'd

~

safe,

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THE GERMAN 58 400 KUGEL K "KURTf1

I,'

- .

, APPARATUS II

DESCRIPTI()N. rrhe (lermarl ,~~K t TRrl~'~ , »r.paratus is a spherical, h)'drostatlcally operated,

- aircraft-laid, skip bomb; a copy of a s inu lu r de v i.:e used by the Br-itish. It wf:ls designed to up~·rate like l\. ):)-ki pping stone over n smooth w H t er surf ure :

...

for use against sryi,p targets; power plants, lock

- gates, t.idal . insta lls tions .aud simi In r harbor

facil i ti es. ~. r

The information contained in this re por t was obtained through the inter rogat ion of 'Uertnan scientists and prisoners of wnf-, Complete. specimens of t his device hu ve been ~h i P pt"d t(; t h e 1; II i t ed

. ,

States Navy Ordnance Investign.t iou Lauorut ory .

. Development ,of ,t he ~'K{lRT" a ppH ru t us was commenced ill ,the lute 194:1 at the Uerin8 Il a i rforce

•

experimental center (E-Htell-e) , Tra vern u n de ,

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Germany. The original model w ns- n sphere up-

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proximately '3Q .inches in diameter and \H·ighing -

~50 ]{g~ It.contaiiled two f uzes ; one, a type 59 fuze with a 23-second powdervielu y t ru i n , u nd

" the other, 11: .hydrostat ic, type, 44 fuze, The etfec, tive range of _this spherictU~1~lissile*Tl\s cn lculnted , ,nt 400 meters. To increase tK~ ru Ilg€' to .t ,000

, - ~

meter.s a rocket propulsion un it was tit ted to the

.sphere. Some experlnlents were l'1l rrjed out' ~\'it h -the propulsiou unit but ]10 actun I tests we re made. _ -

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D. WIT) J RA)CKE~r PR()I-(JI.sI()N: _

Plane speed : 700 krn/h .

Plane altitude: 20 m minimum 50 m max. Speed 'of Kugel with rocket ussietance : 330

m/secohd. ~

Speed of Kugel on impact.: 120 m/se.corid.

, , 1 '

Distance through, air before impact : 1,000-

1,500 meters. _ ~

, Effective distunee : 2,5()()4;OOO meters,

C.~· THE RANGE DEPENDS ON ; .,

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.of the hydrostatic fuzes is actuated to fire the rn a i J 1 c 11 tl rge ~

the fuze pocket to the nose, It is fined with TNT pel lets. (800 fig. 20.)

...

Electr-ic leads ru n th rougll center of bomb con ..

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nect in g fuze an (1 11 ose sw i tch ..

Homb -has a drawn steel cone-l y pe tttil .

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Rp.2fARKS. I)ue t() th in ~.lHC (ll~{1 IJI'isaflt ~~I}lc~-

si ve, t 1\ i S b 0 III b i 8 se IlS i t i vet o SIll a 11 u rru s f r f~ ~

&USP.EN~ION, Horizontal by H-type ·lug~ Or' trunnions for use if curr-ied t~y d i ve l)(JlU~leI'S.

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DATA:

. ,

. Over-all Leugth : 104 .in, Body DillJneter: 26 in. Ta i 1 Lengt II: 2t)-- ill ..

l'llil \Vidtll: 26 in.

FiHing: RDX/ AI/Wax biscuits in 'I'rinlen 106

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.mat rix. ~

W.eight of Filling: 1:15· kg, Tottll \Veigl}t: 1,000 k~ tlPI)rox~ Chg/Wt Ration: 0.7 -lift· upprox.

.Fuzing: EIAZ (55) A with nose switch.

, S8 1000 PARACHUTE 80MB DA~'l"A : -

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CONSTRUCTION. The bomb has a welded sheet

•

Over-a 11 Length : 72 in.

Body Length: 651/~ in.

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Elliptical BodyiBl by If)1/~ in.

, Willl Th ickness : O~()6 to ().1~5 ill .

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Chg/Wt Ratio; 80(10 ~ ~

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Fuzing: EIAZ (55) AIM.

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metal body A drawn steel threaded nose piece is of streamlined construction to reduce .air resistance while Lomb is attacked to plane. (Em-l ier models had a welded nose piece.) "There is no base plate. The ... bomb is filled through nose and an·

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_ Fuzing '. AZ (24) _A in forward fuze pocket j

~----~~] AZ (28) A 1-11 rea r 'fuze pocket. <~ '" '

. -

.' CONSTRUC1'ION.· The-maill difJerence'bet~een

" t,..

this and the se 2,500~kg tJ'f><e max It,ore ,: the COIl- ·

\ 'structioll is of-steel instead of aluminum al loy and thciilling extends into the tail cone with the object '. of keeping ~he charge/weight rat io as high as po~sible. )-rhe case is constuucted in-three parts, u cast

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steel nose, with a cast steel base welded to tile

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cy lindr ical body. The nose of the bomb is ~~fitled

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with a filling plug to which is fitted u tube .extend-

ing to the .forward fuze -pocket, the tube houses a rod which on impact crushes the impact -fuze und acti yates the bombs. There are t WO .. 4 Lransverse

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fuze pockets; the forward pocket houses the Rnti~' i/;,:

.. ' break-up fuze and the after pocket is for the nor- · ~;.';.,

mal ll~pact type fuze. " , · ,,~~,'.

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. constructed of aHoy. (See Q:g. 22.)- " " ·

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SUSPENSION. .Hor-izonta l by an H type. The

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suspension lug is keyed to' a securing 'plate locked ~

it .,. ... ,

tfy bo It s.. , f . - -. " • ., • t,. ~

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ill COLORq1\NI> MAR,KINGS. 'Sky blue over-a ll.

~ • J .. ~ ...

-Two yellow stripes are painted on the body 00-

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"tween the tail fins.' SB 2500 is sterrci led on body.

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Over-all Length: 43.0 in.

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Bod v . Len g.th :'- 23.5 in. .

,,~ ... Body Diameter : B.O ,inll '

~ 4Wlll1 Thickness: ·0.4 wall to 1. ~n. nose 41

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'I'ail- Length: 23.5 iQ. ,

Tail Width:'Type I, 11 in.jType II, 10 .

, Fillibg':" TNT. _'. · '. '""

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· Weight of filli~g: 16.4 kg .. ,. '.

Tot 8:1 Weight; 55.0, kg [upprox.}. • ' ._ . )

"CHG/W~ Ratio :"30%., +. " . struts. Type 2 is n one-piece-epnstructiou assembly

Fuzing : 55 ;"'55A; EIAZ (38 r for water targets. of cast .. mugnesium alloy with no strut supports

... -, ' - ...

CO~STRUCTI6~. The body of the 81)_ 50 ,is- it for.1'he tail fibs. a

--- - · In addition to the horizontal" carrying lug, there,

one-piece steel ca~ting:-';--When machined -do~'n it ~ ,

. ~ ; are threads machined in the nose to take un "eye"

has provisions for one transverse fuze pocket just "

, type lug for vertical suspension.

forward of the horizontal carrying lug. I~, is ,. • .'

threaded .at the base to accept a male type filling' SUSPENSION. Horizouta 1 or vertical.

lUI!. (See fig. 23.) ,( - COLOR. Bomb is dark green over-all and ta iI

Either the type 1 or type'2 tail assemblies can be cone is striped with red ..

used. Type 1 has n ,cnst alloy adapter 'w.ith' sheet REMARKS\ ~ small angle iron kopfr i ng }~ nor-

steel vanes. The four vanes ,are not supported by · mally fitted to' the bolIlb. In nddj-t_i~~) tv I he

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k()pfrillJ,! a ~~l-illC}l d inort 1·00 may be udded to obtain prepenet rat ion detonnr ion of the bomb. An extension I~J used w ith the (55) A can be used for

, • ~ ~t'

tile same purpose. ~

When the bomb is used ngninst water targets, the tni l fins are removed, It is claimed that the ball'is-

,. -

tics a re .not changed by removing the tail fins pro-

, .

viding the dropping range is less' thun 200 meters.

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SO 70,,:,kg

()y'er~all Length : 43.2·'in.

Body Length ~ 28.0 in. Body Dinrneter : 8'~() in.

~ Wall 'Thickness : 0.4 in,

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Tn il I~nt..rtll·:_l6~O in. ,

~

1'-.I\il Width: 11.0 in.

F'illing : TN'-r. '

, .

Weight of Fi lling: 21 kg.

~ I k

Total '''eight: 66 kg.

'Chg/Wt Ratio : ~9% .

Fuaing : (25) B; (55) ; -( 89) B 'With pnrach ute.

CONST~{JCTION. Tl~e SD' 70 body is o.f ort~piece forged steel and 'is norrnully fitted , with a, kopfring., The tai 1 is ot ,sheet steel COIl!";t I'Uct)Dn and. the fins .are ribbed to supplant the di agonul

fin b~uces. -, ' - .

, '

.._.

This .bomb, on occasion, is fitted with a para-

,

chute. The tail unit is removed and a sheet ruet al

cylinder 18 inches long and 734 inches in d iu met er

~

is attached to babe of bomb. Contained ill tile

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cylinder is a red Iatt ice type parachute 5 fe~t squnre .

with40Ul' double ~hroud. lines:. The s11ruud lilies are secure~ by nleans of four U~sha~ed brackets t6 a collsp'over \'~,hich the basp p.111te scre\'\~s~ Tlle

,

over-nIl 1ength of the cyl~nder and bowb is .ap-

proximately 45 inches. (See fig. 24,)

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SU~PENSION. Horizontal or vert~c~tl SllSDeD-

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REMARE~St Paracl1ute ~bomb apI)areIltl)7

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sibT]le~ to give ui( ~urst ..

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SD 250 kg D250; D250 J8; D~SO L, 0'250 DL

DATA:

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Over~all Length: 64.5 in.

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Body Lerigth: 34.4 i~.

Body Diameter: 14.0 in. ,I ,

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WnlI 'Thickness ~ 0'.6 wallpoirit 3.5 in'.

. Tail ~ngth: 38.2 in.. i

Tllil \\ridth~/: -~O~O in. - ~

~ II! c"

Filling: ,T~T .

'Veight of Filhng: 79 kg. Total Weight~: ,250 kg.

Chg/'Vt. ~atio$32%. Fuzing: 8; ~ 'sedes.

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...

...

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CON~TRUCTION. Bomb is of, three-piece construction. Nose.and tail pieces arewelded tomain:

. .

part of body. One fnz. pocket. A female base

plate is' used, '(See fig. 25.)

The tail is I·.of sheet steel

vanes are welded to a cone. typ~ struts ·of bar steel, dummy fuze head.

62 kg

•

77 kg

2S2 kg 305 kK _

Tail COlle is st ri ped

green, sky blue; or aluminum.

Ii ~ ~ .

with red orr blue.

..

•

NO.SE SPIKES FOR SC SO Stabo, SO 70 Stabo, SC 250 Stabor.AND S~ 5(>0 Stabo

construction. ~ Four

, ,

There are ~ also box-

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Extension cylinder has a

•

SPJ KE

I ) 1 A. )oj E T E R

DATA:

SC 50~Stabo~(---!~~------SD 70 Stabo--_-- __ -----~~-

-

Be 250

"

so

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Horizontal

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47 CIU 57 cru I

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or

7 ~ ern

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300 __ ------------~~---~

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Bomb body and tail are 'painted tdark

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Stabo bombs 'have aJhreaded ;t;;,~,t~

lug forged t~ the nose of the' cas~. Stabo spikes ~g:~~' .. ~;

'screw pn to this threaded hlg. The sallie spike' fits ~'t~ .. : t

hoth SC .,50 al!d SD 10 'and is of one-piece con~ ~4,t:,'1

~ .... .

struction. r The SC 250 and'SC 500 Stabo spi~es lJ.,~,:,j

have 'an additiona.l 'pi~ce, a pressure plate, wh.ich.: lj:,~

fits bet'teen th.e bomb case and spike to increase~._.~,J';'_~;\~~'· the rigiaity'. The Spik~s.,~r~ used in low -altitude";':" ,tl;/,

a ttacks to prevent 'ric<;>Chef ~ I-em hol~' thr~ugh ' ~X> 'I

the spike a.Jlows use of a bar tQ Scre'Y spike securely ~~~::'" ~

-- ~

to bomb. (S,* ig: 26.)

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RE!tf'ARKS~

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8ASE PLATE

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"ATTACH Mt:NT 131 NG

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Figure 2~ose Spiltes for Stabo1'8qmb •. '

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Stflchebomben, ·or "Stabo'" for

short, are 'used in low altitude 'attacks' to' ensure the' bomb dpes not .ricochet. '( The se ,250' an'd He

I ... J .. .. I III

500 a~ both ~wo f~ ,pocket bombs and ':luz~ng ,i~ '.

usu~lly a·ti~e fqze t7·or 57, and'a!1 antidisturba~lc8' .' fuze (50).. The' SC '1)U 8tnbo and" SD Staho are',

, ~ ,

normally f'uzed,rwith Q (:)"5) ~

, Discs,fitting on the 'end of· these spikes have been

~

fo~nd. It is thought nose switches have,been.used-l:

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,to give·, m&it,ntalieQUS ,\ction.'

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'A,' CENTR AL~.

EX~LOD£R TUB_f'

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,

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1~11 i I Len gth : iJ565 in. 11uil Widt}l ~ 186() ill.

Filling: Anutto}·_:..,.HO}40; 'I'NT and wax.

,Weight of Filling! 200 kg approx. 'I'otal 'Veight':.535 kg.

("HG/'V'I' Ratio: 3710. FIIZiIlg: 5 series.

•

-

series are of one-piece drawn steel construction.

- to

TIle main difference between the three modifica-

1 tions is the -variation in wall thickness,

- I - - I

One t ransverse fuze pocket is located aft the

- suspension band. To insure high order detonation, R. central. exploder tube has been inserted

~

longitudinally through the explosive cavity. -(See

, y

, . fig: 27.) , _ ~

The tail unit is constructed of sheet steel and

"ZI, -

. has a ring type strut. The unit is secured to the •

bomb ill the samernanner asthe tail on.the ~C

t

, ' ..

1000 bomb,

'J

A· parachute type tail unit for this bornh has been found, 'This'urrit is composed of adetuchable sheet tnet a l parachute container) open lut t ice type .

, .

'parachute, and a standard ·base plate .with an

addi tional web and ring of. cast Jiteel spot welded together to form an anchorage for the parachute shackles, (Only one such unit has been 'found.)

.SUSPENSION ... Hdriz9ntal, '-hy J'''~ea-ns of an ' .. , H-type lug secured to a suspension band.

~' _

- - I • .. I

.CQLOR. Field greyover-all with .. red stripes on .

" cone. "D500 stg" stenciled on body in black.

..

DATA:

•

Ovef-all Length: 129.6 in.

i

Body Length: 92!O in. "'

Body Diameter: 26 .. 0 in. ' ,

Wall Thickness; 0.11 in. wall to nose, 3.5 in;

Tail urigth: 46.5 in. . . ·

Tail Width: 2~.O ·in.

Filling: TNT; A~at~ol·60/40. ~ -

..

· We-ight of Filling: .730- kg.

Total, 'Yei,ght: 1)7'{)3 kg. -

CHG;WT Ratio: 43%.

- ....

Fuzing: 28 Be, Extension Cap II.' ~

CONSTRUCTION·. Body is of one-piece, forged ... steel construction. A .single fuze pocket is used with an,' extension cap fuze in the nose:,. - The base of the bomb is threaded to take a normal female

, - Ii-

, - type base plate .. A cast steel kopfring "is welded

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to 'tJle nose as a preventative against: excessive

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The tail is 'made of light· alloy and is () f til e cylinder type. <The 8-inch wide band is attuched , to t:he .fins by tivets. This band is known )is a

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r~t~l ~el~~~t_,: __ '';;' ',MS) ~.: " '416 kg.

,CB~/'Y.T .~tlc?~:-~ ~4%; : , , .. (!:.~)~ .

,~lnl~_~ .... J.~ _'_. ,(~) aeries . iJil_

.,CpN~iR~~iio~~>:T~~r~ ~re t~o.:·ty'~s.:~f the :p.c :t;()O ~,.TYlpe ~,~Iid 'f~ ,L. Both ~ypes hn ve a" ':()p.~~pieri'e '·f?r~d .steel '~, and ~ne ':jtrainsve~se ':fUZ6 j)~ke.~";' The, fuze :pock;et -..is .located ~ft the

- I .. .. f!' I.. ..

:hoxj,~n~a,l ,$~.~~naio~ .Iug, (&ee'"Fig; 29:) .. ,The

'bomb is-imad~ined'to .acct)m~od,ate·'a,'Iri8.le· type .fail'

.. _... .... •• I ~ L I I • .. ... _ .. {'

. :':.,·el~i~g p.ug~, ,the'j;a:i~':,'asSembly can be either ,of'

":'sheet'~l 'Qj~,magt)esium alloy. T)1e :taiLiulit .in,

"':~i'th~~:'~IlSe.'!,~~\ ~t the~',¢yli~der~ :type~" '-:Both types . '>ha~e~tA~ Sh~~t ~e~al ripg' w~ic~'is,u~d fo~',b,rtn:i~g :·',he ':fin,s.!' T~~.tai~ unit is secured'to the bomb body

:,.'by ,'m.~a_ns ,of 12' sCrew~.'· ,." , , r

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, "~~je~\bqit, Qlrr~type lug.

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CO~O~.'n' .Fi~l~ ~r~ or~~lumin~.p ~~e~~~t

blue stripe on tall cone.' .' ':.. .< .

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SUSPENSION. ,H&ri'ontal

1;1 :-tyPe "suspe'nsion 'J ug;" ' , .

,>QQLOR;; Black or ~ky blue 9ve,r~.n;' ,~,st~~pes ,.

on ':tait~· > '~pt700" ,s.te~CiI~ on oppoSite .; Sides: .of "

body inIetters 4O-mfu 'high~,: '_ ,.':' .: ,," ,

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DATA:~ .

• . ..

' .

_ Tail Length: 43.3 in.

,Tail Widtll! 22.0" in~ Filling: TNT and' Wax'; Trialen .

'Weight- ()f -Filling: 300 kg. .

Total W~ight: 1,400 kg. CHG/""T Ratio: 21.470.

Fuzing: (28) A or 35; Extension ~~p III .

.. .!'

CONSTRUCTION. T.h~ bOIllb body 15 of

forged steel' construction. Thel-e

...

COLoa stripe .on

Sky "f~blue 'with tail cone. '::l

aluminum

tail. {J

•

Blue

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Ove~-all Len.gth.~ '110.8 . Body Le~gth: 'Z5.7 in.

Body Diame~er: 22.0 Wall Thickness :

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1.25 in. wall to 12.lS·in. POint.

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GERMAN EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

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figure#31 PC 1400-1(9 80mb

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transverse fuze p ket located 'aft of the carrying

lug: Two exploder. tubes containing t/e-ti-yl run Iengthwisethrough t explosive cavity just left of tl1e- fuze, pocket. T ~ base of .the bomb body'"

- is, closed with a male ba plate. (See fig, 31.) The bomb tu iljs ot the cylinder. type, the cylinder being 6 .inchesdeep, It is constructed. of either'

.,

cast aluminum 0[" magnesium.

'StT8PEN8ION~

~

Suspension of the bomb in the, ~ "

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rucks is horizoutu l by means of an H-lype lug or

by t\VO t.runuious on the carrying baud, "

COLOR. Sky blue over-all or :~ky ,.blue ~ith

•

" aluminum tail. Red or blue. stripes or tai1.

.....

..

PC 1,600-kg

~

, I """r.'" ;'

Over-all ,Leo{.,rth :' 110.8 in.

• Hody Length: 65.7 in.

Body Diameter: 21_{) -in.

l_4 .... illillg ~ RI)X, 'n.luJninum and yr-ax.

,Weight of Filling: 2;lO kg. -:_.'

Total Weight: 1,60() kg.

Chg/Wt Ratio: 14.4-%. " Fuzing: EIAZ :(49) P16.

, ..-

(()NSTRUCTION. The body is of two-piece

construct ion with a cylinder type tail. (See fig. :l:L) It is designed to penetrate 180 film of panzer

,.

steel OJ· ~~5 meters of reinforced concrete at a st rik-

illg angle, of 60° .

- ,.

-REMARKS. Usually dropped at an altitud€ of.

4,()()() to 6,,000 meters.

, .

. '

The product ion of this bomb was stopped itl-' Oct()beJ~ - 194-2,. Bombs- then 'on hand were used

..

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and not replaced ..

SU~PENSI ON. - H()I'iz011 ta 1~

,

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COLOR: Blue stripes -on tail

-II "

.

PC-RS BOMB SERIES

DESCRIPTI()N~ This series of rocket assisted a rmour piercing bombs -collsists of t}}p fonowing missiles; PC 500 Rs, PC 1000 Rs, and the IJ(~ 1~()() Rs.1I In gene_f·ld·the three types are of similar three piece construction ; the warhead, the dista nee piece, and the taIl section. The tail section cout a i ns t he roe ket motor,

Each series is fitted for hor-izontal suspension 'by means of- n single "eye" or H-ty pe suspension lug. In addition to the suspension lug, t here is a set of tr-unnions fitted to the born u~ The y are

. ,

_located 00° around from .the lug I\I\d ~lIJI'r(_)x._i-

- ~

.mately 2 inches furt her aft. The t r-u r: III 0 Il::; _ u re

used for- suspension only under dive-bornhi ng con-

ditions, I. ~ ~ ~

. '

WARJIEAD .. 'llle-wflrllead is id~Jltica] t.o t ln--nor-

. rna I arrnour-pierci n'g (PC) born bs 0 f roes peel i ve '

l

~jze except for the fuze pocket 8.rt'~n}geHH:'llt. In

the PC-Rs series the transverse fuze pocket has

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bee~ mnitted. ,Thei impact fuze is part ,of the 415

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..... series nud is .. found screwed into tile base of tile

warhead. l.~he w;trheud is' filled throu'gh the base and '~he explosive cavity is then closed bymeans of a male type ,base plate. '

, DlS~~~CE PIECE~; The distance piece, is a steel

cylinder .internully' threaded at ,both, ends. 'I~ main purpose is to connect the w!.\.r~efld to the tnil section. Thecharging head for the fuzing system is threaded into the' after end of the distance "piece just forwnrd' of 'the- tail piece junction ... The. elec-

I II •

. trica 1 leads from the charging .head pass ~hrough~ ·

~ -

· ,this cylinder; one to the impact fuze 'and the other

. to the 'pyrotechnic 'rocket igniter, '. ,.'_ .' '

- " TAI~ SE~ION: The tailsection is another steel'

.

cylinder with t,,:e!v,e stabilizing fins at the after

end. This tota I, of 12 ,fins is made up 01 4 large fins and 8' srna ll fins. Tlie end of the tail unit is closed by means"of a fixing plate, 1'he. fixing p\ate ..

'has six circular openings posit.ioned so us to. take':' , , the end of the venturi tubes 'from the rocket motor. _.

...

-,

, "

,.

....

, -

black .powderigniter.. ,The black powder then .ig- ,

nitesund starts the propellant powder in motor

, bu Til i n g.'. . .I ,", . ':. -

The,~l~ct~car charge which is passed on to the impact fuze loads and the condensers and .urtus the

• ' ,+ •

fuze, On' 'impact' one or all o f t.he Lrerub ler

switches .close. . This action completes ti~e firing circuit',and .sets oS-the electrical detonator which '

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BOMBS

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Fuzing: Charging helld-(49}' AI,. (49) BI,

(49). B~. Ex.; Pyrotechnic-(49) All, (49) '. ,'. B 11; IIllpttct- (49) A, (49) All), (49) Btll .

.

. tail' is 2 feet 4 'inches, large d~ameter; and 1 foot-

,

10 inches; small diameter.

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O_yer.-~ll Length': 863;4 in:-", Body-Length : 45 'in. .

, ' L

Booy Diameter c 14% in ..

•

Filling: Very pure cast TNT in an, aluminum

" container in the 1l0~/ Rest of filling, is alternate layers of good and poor quality-TN'I',

Wei~ht of .. Filling_;· ~::kg. " ... -'

" Total Weight: ·987 kg. I

. Chg.;W"t., Ratio: 5.5'%.

• • r

_ Fuzing: Charging .head .. ; (49) Bl; (49) BAl; " ,.

· ' .' Pyrotechnic .. ,49' "~11; Impact- -49 ' Bf ll ; 49 .. BA'111,49Cll1.; .

I ,

If>' ,

, CONSTRl)CTION.":· The' rocket' container IS at-

• "I I. I .. ._ ..

»» tached t9.: . .thebase Q_f the' bomb: by a 'cyliI?-drical

- I '..I:

" steel distance, piece thich is threaded interna lly.ori

both ends ; one. end 'threading over bomb, base and . >·ro:cket container threading ·.i~to~·ot·her, end. 'The'

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Tile rockets consist of candles eont ained ill a

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· separate coin part ment at the base of the bomb and

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CONDENSER --_.....

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+

undleld in p.<1~ition by S(lIi.eers. Th~s eOHlpai"tn~cllt forms a pressure chamber Irorn which the ga&(~s) h'l:merate<l by the eandles, eseape l!u·o.('lgh si x pr;Jpulsion "venturi tubes, The'tutws al:(: sealed with pitch until combustion is effected. The pl'essur~ chamber is' provided with a spr ing-Ioaded pr.es- . sure release valve at tile base. (' See -.fig. :14"~)

It lS stated t ha] tile rockets LUI~Il f()I~ aIJI)f()xi-

mately 3 seconds afteCigllition and leave a (rail " of "arne 150 feet long behind' the DOlub.

· The bomb i's usually of A. P. desigu, but instead of the expl()d~r pocket lying· tr.ansve(~y witl;. the fuze head at one side, it is' fuzed through Jhe base plate which lies ahead of the rocket ~qlnpai,tment.

The pyrotechnic fuze ignites tJH.~ rocket.' about " 21j2 seconds after the bomb is released. Actually, bornb can be dropped without the rocket" being

ignited .

... .. -~

~ ,SUSPENSION ~ Horizontal.

II-

~

C{)L,(JR AND MARKINGS. Sky-blue. -. Blue

'stripes between tail fins. ,Sten~ped: ·

..

•

'" Achtung vor Beladu.ng • ~K Ausschalten

,.

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., ...

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Abwerf Z~ S~ K. O. V. SchalteI1

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unt 28, 5, 41

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PC 1000 RS

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pc- 1800 RS

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DATA:

.. ..

Over-'all Length': 107, in. Body Length: 661/2 in. Body Diameter ; 21 in.

Wall Thickness: ,.1V2tb 12 In. taper-ing. Filling: Very pure cast TNT in an aluminum

eontn iner in the nose. Two, pre-cast Trialen . charges in thick cardboard cvl ind r ica l cartons

- ..

which are waxed into the bomb casing, com-

pletes the' filling. One specimen )H~d ~ blocks : of nitroguan,idine in nose and 1 U hl t)CKS of RDXjWaxjAl in two cardbon rd cylinders in

, .

the body. "

We~ght of FiHing:' ~60 kg. Total, Weight: 2;057 kg.

ChgtWi Ratio: 17.5%. Fuzing: Charging head (490-) Cl ; Pyrote<;hnic

(49) C2; Impact (49) p~.

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'" ~ ~~'~~ :-,' GA N N 1ST E R

{ SECTJONS

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..

.'

EXI:'LOSIVE ORDNANCE

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ANTIPERSONNEL PARACHUTE BO'MB,

31 ·

: ,/16 -m.

Weight of Filling: 1

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()\Tel·~i\ll Length ~ 41/4:

Body Length: -21,4 Body Diumoter : lY16

..

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6~' or. /3' ,0 ~

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111.

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F'uzing : Pull percussion ignjter.~

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. CONSTRUCTION. The 'assembly is composed ·

of two p~rts~the"bomb, and the t.&nlster. The

~. body is eylindrical "and made of cast steel. The

base and heat) are .internally thrcaded..the base to 1-.4:9 SD MORTA~ BOMB,~ SO 1, SD 1 FRZ ~

accept a suspension hook and the nose for a .steel".' . DATA: ''',SD1·· B'RZ

closing plug. Attached to t~e suspension hook is . Over-ail Lengt~_~_. 6.1 in. 6.06 in.

d -} .. h' '1 -() t" d t 1 lilt .. Th . · Body Length __ ---_ 4 .. 25 in. 3. 75 in.

a cor w l~C .: IS a s~ ie . 0 a ~p I. ~lng:.. ~ Body Diameter 2.0 in.' ., 2.0. in.

parachute -IS attached to the split nng by eight . Wall 'I'hteknesa,' __ ,· 0.4 in. nose. 0.12 in.

cords. The- split ring is .nlso attached to the pull .. ~ 0.2 In. tail. · "

.friction igniter which is threaded into the steel ,.·TaU Length c: .1.25 in.' • 1.22 in,

closing plug. :. ".' '" , '11 Tail Wldth:.- __ . -e- 2.0 In.. 2.0 in.

The bomb assen .. 1b1y is housed in a barrel-shaped Filling ~-- Cast TNT. Aruatol 30/70;

Grarru la r TNT. e

aluminum' canister, .the body ~of which is formed ~ ~ . , 2 lb If' Ib"

rota) Welght ..... - s.. -1 ~

in two separate sections and closed .at the ends ~y · Fuzing ' - (Td)! (7a) A, (73) B2.

, '. twin closi ng plates. (See fig. 37.) '. -'. ' .. " . .'"-., (73) 112.

OPERATION. On' release - of bomb, canister Nose Impact meoha n ical.

comes apart and bomb .falls 'clear. 'Vhen, .. the . C.ONS1'RUC'rION:· Both bomo~' ha ve a' steel

,parachute opens, the shrouds pull the striker re- body .. · The SD 1 tail assembly is .of light .rneta],

'lease plate out. The striker is, then forced. into A tubular frame supports eight light met ul fins

the percussion e~p'. ,Thi~ action explodes th~,bomb ... and a ,dr\,lm: Tail assembly scr~ws into bomb ..

SUSPEKSION. Thought-to be carried in: Iarge ". The FRZ tail assembly also screws into Last' of

containers. bomb. It -is in the form of l:I. ('up w it.h lh ree sheet

COLOR AND MARKINGS. Canister--; un- metal. pieces spot welded on to it to form six fins .

. painted aluminum. . One red bar on, closing plate Both sheet' steel, and aluminum tails we:e u::>Bd.

indicates 2 seconds delay. ,T~·o·red bars on closing . (Se~ fig. 38.) '. ~ · _ ·

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S r ~p ENS I ()N. SI.J 1: :~t)~ bom bs ill .l\ n ~O(}-l , cont a iner ; ~~4 bombs in A_D_ 250-2" contuiner ; 50

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bombs ill ... \ll 7()-Dl contu iner ..

» '.-/2-kg "BUTTERFLY" SO 2A AND_ SD 2B DA'I~. :

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form i Ilg a sa fet y device for fuze bvh ind it.

FR~ bombs 11 re' ca rr ied j.n. AB ,7(}- I)1 con tainer

and pucked ill the same manner as the SDl bombs.

C()LOR AND ~iAR'KINGS. SDI yellow, FRZ-Body is mnstu rd color. T:,il (sheet steel) black .. ,(..c:ast alunuuum ) nut urn l color. Ogive is painted red '011 A rna to i - f 11 ed born bs. Mark ill gb 0 n F RZ :

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Ove r- ttl I I .... e) 1 gt 11': 0.5 i n. B(~dy Length: a.1 in. Body DiahlCter ~ 3,0 in, · \V (\11 '1"\}} i r- k 11 ess: :~ ~ i 11 ~

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F'ill ing : Cast 'tNT -surrounded by a layer of

bi t ume 11 t ()IT} posi t ion t 'Yeight of Filling: 7.5 oz. 'Tota 1" '''''eight: 4.4 lbs. CHG/'YT Ratio: 11.470.

Fuzing: SD 2A; (41) (airburst or impact) .

81) 213: (41) A (Airburst or impact ) (ti7)

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situuted tra nsversely in the ~i,de of the body. The -SD ~A and SD 2'B differ only in the nu.t hod in)

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REMAHKS~ The FRZ is a French bomb used bv the Germans.

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two pj~es co,vel'ing· the sides' of the bomb. (See

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• !,reth{'>r, the ·.;hinges being mounted with torsion 7'

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springs tending to force the parts of the wings

awny from ,.the body, but are-prevented from openiug u-ntil .~ safety pin is pulled when container

, Op~J~s.. Atter release, 0 t~e wings because (of their air . drug, ~tise to the upper end of the 6 .. inch wire , cable connected to the fuze. The- rotation of the wings rttla"t-i\'e to the bomb body arms the fuze.

. When fuze (41) ,A is emjsloyed in the bomb, the wings consist of two t riangular shaped flaps.

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SDSP'ENSI()N. 23 bombs in the AB 23. SD ~

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conta iner ; .108 bombs "in the ,~AB 250-3, cont a iner ;

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6 bombs in the Mark 500 Roden container ; 24

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bombs in the AB· 24t container. -7

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black, lead-grey, .red, yellow, or field grey. Lf the bomb is painted field grey it .may have a % -inch yellow band on the; body, tHe wing assembly win be painted .field grey with "n yellow str-ipe, 011 the inside and outside of the wings and may ha ve a % -inch red stripe at right angles tb' the yellow stripe on the wings. It the bomb body is painted

yellow, the wings will be ·painied yellow: wit h ,

%.-inch strip of. red on the wings. In addition to the specific color combination .given . the. wiri~

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. Body Length: 130/8 in. : , '

Body Diameter; 3~'l.6· In ..

I Wall Th ickness : Yt. 6· in.

Tail Length.

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.. Totat Weight: tPh· lb.

Chg/Wt~· Ratio: 61~5%. . Fuzing: (23~ ·'K.

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4- steel f.llz'{·,udapter, of spot \\·eltl(~i cOJistruc- '

tionvis crimped onto the base of t lu- bond),·· No

,

fuzes were found in the speC~III~1l reco ve re d, but

ene-my · documents ind icu te t ha t t i le~t' 'Guill b:-:; are

, '

., . fitted with the mechunica l impact IlH- ~\"(l)'S U('( ieg-

,., .. (23). A. fuze. Design of ada pter 111 base euulinns documentary evidence.

01 : ·There is no form of tail or stabiJlzillf:!<~'riltg,

SUSPE*SI()N. Thought to ~be carried in. con-

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.. Figure 40 - -S8 3-K g~Bomb

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GERMAN EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

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flgur. 4J~SD 4-18 HL Hollow ellcit,_ 80mb ·

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'The- bomb is cast iron· and consists of. a body into which is screw~d the nose .cap and the male base plate, · A copper plated steel . spring fib; into a recess machined in the base plate

.and bears against iJ. plastic igniter holder containing -an electric detonator. TM igniter holder fits

Body' Length: 734 in.

~

Body Diameter i 3%6' in.

,

W all: Thickness ! ~ % In.

;. Tail -Lengtho:- !)lh in.

Tail Width!_ 3~9 in. -

Filling: TNT; TNT-RI>X (46/54). Weight ()f Filli'ng: 1~ oz~'

v Total Weight: 9* lb. 1ChgjWt.'Ratio;, B.1 %.

~uzing: Z (6~).

CONSTRUCTION.

.. -1-,

CQLOR AND MARKINGS:' Two yellow: stripes,

· diametrically opposite, run length of cage. 'Sten.

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ciling in black on case:

SB 3.

III

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114.

Wurfur AB 36. ~,10 bb 242 .

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REMA,RKS. Captured documents 'have 'pointed

to the existence of the a-kg: SB a but o~lj one, spec-

imen has been found. ~

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SD 4 HL HOLLOW CHARGE ANTIPERSONNEL

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AND VEHICLE BOMB

DATA:

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.over :« brown p)a~t ic iHsulnti~ udupt er which.

houses the-gu ine and has two terlnilllil~.() which the wire lends, df the detonator ure 'connected. Two electricIeads it re connected to tile terrnina Is

,

and ure led along the inside of the 'booy to the 'nose

fuze. A 3~O truncated cqnical-shn ped steel liner

.-

is flanged llt its base, the flange , Le~ng slotted at

three points to accommodate the two elect.ric leaels

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iERMAN. EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

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II t 1 (I t Il (I 1 ( )-(1. itt i 'II g' I) i 11 .. ~... r l' 11 ( ~ e x I ) 1 < ) ~ i v 4. ~ fill i I ~ IX -i ~ poured through the ha::;p of thp'hody, HJ'ol1},d th(~ cone. A pla~t ic su ppod i:-; f)e('''n~d behn'('11 t h,~ itanJ,!p of the ('~me uud til(> Hose ,pi{~l'e. '.1'\\'0 holes an· UI'ill ... d throll~h this su,pport for the t('I:mlllal pius of the fuze to whieh the ele(·tl·i(' lp,ad~ are

. ..

s ( ) 1 ( t e re (i . T 11 ~ f uz e se a t x () I I a s Il () t I ~ I ( 1 e J L i n t 11 (~ I ~ ( ):- { ~

and is seelll'ed by °a fuze ret a i ner rl'iu'g \-dli('h ha:;

eitrllt ou t let vvn ts; (See fig. 41.) ~

T 1\ e ttl i ] iss II ee l s t ~e 1.. I tis () f t II e r ~) I g s t r II t

type with foul' .1oilgitl1d~·llal st ruts S[Hlt- wphh':d . ~~ a c II S t i. .. u t - f ( ) rms ( ) J lese g III ~~ J 1 t - o f t lll~ til j I e 0M~ · Tb~ tail is ~e('\ln:.d to ~he- body by me!IHS of fo;i'l' pronis punched int o correspoIldi.ug j:e('t":-.se~ in the

bomb body. , ·

On impact, the (fif)) fuze induces an ekd ric current .which ,pas~s via the eled ri« leads to the detonator. The squib is' thereby fired, set t ing· off the l;!uiiH2' und .the charge .

..

...

.

SlTRPENSI()N:

74 bombs ill AB f)(}()-l conta iner ..

L:.

40 bombs ill An ~5{f container ..

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Bombs are parked Hose. in tail,

flJZe safety.

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~ C()I ... ()R ANI) ~1ARKI~·(i~t I~l~ff or f aw n color

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over-u ll. The marking "SI).-t-HL" i!--o :)tellcilled Oil

the body. It is presumed the' H meu ns Huh 1 or hollow, and L s'tandt-; for Ladung or clup-gf::

SD lOA tyPES I, II, AND SD lOFRZ ADAPTED

· ,~ FRENCH ~OMB

"

••

, ,

" ,~DATA:

..

"

~

Over-all Length : 21.6 in.

Body Length: 12.7 in. Body' Di ameter : 3.4 in. Wall Thickness : O~6 in. Tail Length: 8.5 in.

T,~j,l Widtp: 4.7 in., .

- FHling :~TNT; .Am~\toI 60/40.

F'uzing . Z, (60) ; AZC 10 (Hut)

CO~StRUCTION :

* (3).

•

...

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..

,.

. .

-

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TyPE I: The case, parallel--sided" is constructed

of cast steel terminating in ,8 shallow dome at the base. The nose of ,the bornb, w h ich is t l.icke r , is 'tapped to, accommodate the fuze and has (';-0 Holes

T J

- I~

bored transversely for grub screws to secu ref he

fuze. (See fig. 42.) -

'TYl;E It: The bomb is constructed wit 11 a double.

,

casing of drawn steel. The space between the

..

...

~

.

,

~

..

BOMBS

inner and the outer shells is closely packed with steel pellets-set- in concrete. The pellets are cubes, having sides of about 7 mm. The over-all thick-. 'less of the bOIOb case is about 0.6 inch. 1"'11e outer

...

~

shell is 2 mm. thick and has a nose piece integral

with it. - It is closed at the base by a steel disk over which tile shell is folded, The inner shell is 3-mln. thick and terminates at the base ill the form of a

..

truncated cone. The two shells are scarf jointed together just. behind the nose> - Four steel sup- i ports are welded ootween the inner and outer walls \ ·

+ •

of- the nose and act as Lspacers.

...

The SDIOFRZ French bomb is very similar to

German Type I. The tail is constructed of four sheet steel pressings welded ·together, each press- \ ._ing forming a segment of the tail cone and one fin, The tail is secured by four rivets and four inden-

~ tations~

- - For Types I and II,. a long exploder syste.IIl is

,'uSed 'when 'the filling IS TNT. This <;onsists of a 'normal gairie; one pe~thrite, pellet, t w<! cpln~ p~ssed TNT pellets and o~e phosphor~s p~llet:

The main filling terminated about 1.9 inches frolli Y , the nose .and so permits th~ US4t of the AZC 10

'(Hutr * (:1) fuze. The Z' (66) fUZe's' gaine fits only partly in the exploder l-'0{~ket.

When the main filling is 60/49 a~atol, a short exploder system is u~ed", with a nOrInRl gaine and 'one penthrite pellet. The bomb is filled to within 1.2 inches of the- no~ so the AZC~O (Hut) ~ (-3)

....' . ~

fuze can n ot be ulied.

,.

•

SUSPENSION. ~veIl:teen of these bombs- are

<farried in the 'AB 250:--2 container. ,

• ,'" .. or..:

~

'COLOR. ,Bod-y and tail linit are olive green.

· Body has DIOA13 or: 14 stencilled in black on ito.

Tail has 4 red s~ri pes down, cone between fins.-

TYHe"'II lias 1/2 inch red stripes on outer ,e~e of

'-f&:ikfins. ' ~

. '

," .

SD lOC

DATA:-

I _

Over-all Length ~ 20.5 in.

\ '

Body Length: 12.2 in~

Body Dinmeter: 3.0 In. Wall Th ickness: 0.55 in. Tail Length: -9.4 in.

Tail Width: 3 in~

W,eight of. ~ining: 0.75 kg approx. Total Weight: 7 kg 'approx. Chg/Wt. Ratio: 11 % ap2rox. Fuzing: EAZ_ (66) A

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SUSPENSION. - 28 bombs ill a AB -~5tJ----~ con ...

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Khaki

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12-kg. SC 1 0 ~ONCRETE BOMB

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DA.TA:

Over-all Lenbrtl1: 2;~~() ill.

Bod}' Leugt h: 1 ~.7 5, ill.

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_ nody Diurneter : :1.25 in. - -

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,V eight of Fining: O.H kg.

.T otu l \tVeiglll : 0.1 ~ kg., CliG/\VT Ratio: 7.5j(.

Fuzing: AZC 10 (hut)·(3) .nose fuze.

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.C()NSTRLTCT)ON, There art' two t,'.pP," ()f [his bomb : ,( 1) A forged or cast body w it h ~Hi:-.\· all infe~nd part of buoy. The llo~e is i hn'Hlkd to receive the fuze; (~) A body t'()nSl~llllg «f t\~))_ casing:.; euch 0.1 inch thick. welded l~J~t·( Itt'''' 1 lit:' S[1HCe bet ween being filled with srna l l ~tl:'t-'I !>ellt"t;

i III bed <I ed i 11 (~(}I \ (_. rete ~ •

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(See fig. 44.) . _

S{JSPENSION~ Vert icu l iI1 clu~teI~~ uf fise.

. C()I.l )R. The body aut] t a iI a~el1lb! y H r e pit i III ed dllrk grey .

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RE}IA-RKS. ARi(l~ fl"()111 tlll\ fllZt~~ flJZP U(iH I)t~~r

'and 1I1RI'kinJ-,vs, the SC 10 bomb is t ht! ~-{U[JI~ lJ(JlllU i ,as the_SD lA~

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, GERMAN · EXPLOSIVE, ORDNANCE

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CO,NSTRUCTI0N. The concrete walls ,in all

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these, models u re loaded w i th sma II f J~a'gJi1eIl ts of

.. sera p meta 1. - ,( See fig. 46.) 'The r-x IJ lqs-j ve fi II i ng of the model At is .su i-rouuded Ly a)thi'll sheet

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meta] _container which acts as a fqn-I1<:'y'" fo1' the

concrete. The frag-mentf).t1OIl ~ffl:"ct of this b..n.b •

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was apparent Iy unsa tisf~('tory, () w i llg t (} e X-t't'~!':> i v e

weight of explosive causim; pu l ve r rz a t ron of the concrete, All a tt em pt was "w H de · lo i ql P io \' e it 1 n Model C by reducing t he weight of t he ex p losive

and increasingthe t hickness of COl rci et e w hi le st: 11 ,- <._ _ retuiniug the metal explosive cOiltaiil~r. _A further , , .--·~nlodifiQatioll along, these hlle~ wu s made, in. ~lothd

D, but' -it seems that t lie quu nt it)' of expl()bi,\:~ 'hu d

. \. . .beeu-reduced to too Iowa l iiuit , all~l iii .Mudel' E '

the weight of explosive is iIH .. Tea~_ed if} amount to be the ,sa me as Mode I C. 'I'h~ metH'1 e-x P iOhi:~'e _ ('<;11- tainer, however, has been di;:.-pellsed with, a nd the" concrete has been precast pn l\ g ['ilkled ;;t pe 1 ' rod

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frame,~ol·k. 111e~teel fr;ilIll~work i;~weltlt:"J. to a

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CR,St steel plug at the I\9Se ,un.d ~ <:ast. bt~el . ring

at the ta.iL The taib ,aj.-e of' lSheet steel. E<lrly,

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Body Length: 15.5 in.

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Body Diameter : 4.1 in. ,

'V H II Th i c k II ~sS : 9 /~~ -in. nose to 1 in: in base,

, r a i I Lo n g t h -:" 12.4 i 11. c ~'

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, I'u i 1 \\T i (_ I t 11 _: 3 ~ 7 5 i I} : ~ 1- I'

Fuzing: EAZ (66) A. '

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C()N~TliCCTION·. " The bomb body is R· con-

verted l05-Ilun howitzer: projectile. (See fig. 4!).) It "is furmed of n hollowsingle piece steel casting; internu lly threaded at the nose end to uccemmodate the airflow control ring. The main fiUing is

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shaped at the nose toaccommodate an NP, 10 Ger-

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figure 47' S8e 2~O-K 9 :Con".'_ 80mll

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JHl\Jl projectile gHine which is enclosed ill ·a cu rd-

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board she nth. , " 1 ',':"

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The t (l i 1 \J J1 i t is of sl teet stee 1 .u l <1 j s f(J r m (£( 1 (£1~-

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. . four simi lur 'sect ions 'Spot welded thgetl WI' t.o fOf'IfI-

the tail cone und four fins, (I'h~ fOlJr fil!~ are

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braced 19-t their rear ends b)i a' cir(:uiar stabHizing

strut. ',~Trre~ai_l unit is securedt o the bomb bud)' by

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crimping within nn annular groove rruuh iued in

the bomb body. , ' '

SIJSPENSION. It is reported that ~·f borubs are

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carried in an AB 500-JD container.« . ·

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· COLOR .. Body is dark green withkhaki-colored

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tail.

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'~¥SBe CONCRET~ BOMB (50-kg AI, All, C; CIl,

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DATA: AI All .; .. - ~~~ ell D E

Over-all LeJ¥th __ ~ 42'.'5 42~B ':'~~~:12'.'1 43':1 43':1 Body Length~_--_ 35':'6 _~__ 28~<!_~~: ~'.'OM!t:!~'.j"! 2g:f7

Body Dlameter.L, 7':'» 7~9 7~'9 - 7,79- T1i 7':9

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Wall Thickness--~ ~9 ~~ __ I , 1'!6 ~ 1':5 :l .. .o 1':5

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Tail Length -~-~ 16?O - __ -- ~6~'1 ]61.'} 16~.j>1 161~fl'

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Tail W(dth--~---- 11~O' : __ - 117'0 11':0 11','0 117'v

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Fill tng : I_n earliest speciJllenS1 TNT. I II a 11 la L~ r srJe<.:i-

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.mens u naphtha lene explost ve mix t ure. '-r h is la t ter 115

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a lower perf(l1mance. explosive, used per naps flJr

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better fragrnentatlon. a..

Total Weight: 49--52 kg.

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BOMBS

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uuodels had t he tu il set in concrete. Later models

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S8e., 250-kg CONCRETE BOMB

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SIJSP}:XSI(,)N. \r€l~til-'(~l or lloriz()]ltlll .suspen-

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~i{)ll is used. ~.'

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COLOR. Bright green over all.

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. Over-all Length : 6-1Yt6 in.

-s: Body 'Dj'aIlleter: ~!¥/8 ·in.

- / 'Vall Thickness: 2Ys in.

" 'I'a ~l Lengt h :,2410/16 in .. " Tail Width: 20 in. ~

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Fi II i I}g.: Ammoni urn nitra t e with Qa small 'per- ,~~r

centage of "wood nleal and a inurn:' There iJ"

is' also a column 'of ,TN.;r pellets; t~::,.

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,,\)~~h~tfilling: 4~ kg~. ~r"

~ Total \Veight:. 250 kg.. · " : ~t,/·.

Chg/'Vgt. Fatio: 18%.- 'flri;'/-,

· ·Fuzing: (55) or ~(25) B., ) '" ~~~; -',

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CO~UCTIO~. J:he bomb body consists of ' ~;'.~.:~'

a lis inch metal explosive container. Surrou~,ding r~;':-;'

the container is a 2~inch co~crete ~profl with scrap .. _ ~~,;~,:,

.:. st ee l-imbedded tl 1 roughout. A single \rn nsverse i,~;' '1-<'

fuze. pocket is used. A me!al piece o/idfnch thick. ~~{

, of. saucer shape, is the .nose piece for bomb. ~ee

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g t 4: 7. ) · - ~ ~ ~ ~~

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, . The tai] is sheet .steel with four single braces.

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~. SUSPEXSION. Horiz'ont~l. The.lug is atU\c'lled - ~ to the trunnion balld which is removable. 1

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SUSPE.NSiON LUG

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COLOR. Blue "green over-ul]. Ste;n~iio in black .,

,'bet,,:een trulln~oitband and fuze pocket.

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• _ '. ' ",., Forward ,~of trunnion band, twiee, 1800 apart:

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., ~ figure 48-SA 4000-Kg 80mb

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' .. Body Diame~r: 37Y2 in. .

'YaH Thickness: VB in. .'

,., Filli~g: ]'latrix 50 /50. ~matoi biscui ts ; alumi -.

~ ~ nutl)/w.Rx/RDX:.. ,. ~ ~. ~ ~

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... Total Weight: Approfi~a~eb 9,000 lb.

~

COXSTRUCTION. Bornbe is made in five: sec-

tions~', The central section "is 2 feet. 43,4 inqhes 10ng

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and temal,~lng Itl~nS'~re 1, fo~~ HPi4 lI)('he:-; I(JIlg.

Sections are cJ drleaI In shape and of she\~t steel

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construction. (-see fig. 48.).

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, Qver-all, tength:; 175% in.

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GERMMN EXPLOSIVE' ORDNANCE.';' ,

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Each section q,s ends closedby ,a. circular steel.' r:. .tubes art closed at each end by a cardboard disc r •

. plate in which 8i~. holes ,are dr-illed and 8i~ steel .held in position by: ~ threaded washer.". '.. .

tubes welded into positton. When the fivesectione ' .... !.t-- circular felt padis placed between each section

, . ~ .. _. . .' . ,"'" , , '

~ ;a,r·s ~sseinbled,.six tie rods are p'a~ through the'. ' , when ·bp~nb. i~' asSe,mble1.. . '.' , · .: .', ,

-steel tubes andsecured at the '~rem6 ends of the Three fillmg holes ·are provided ineach "section. ·

. " ' - .' . I. , ' • .' .

. bomb by it -washer .apd two nuts, .. ,",," , - T~e nose . .fa~rin~ 'consists ()~ a ~runcated.~oflical .

'A ,.ntral exploder .tube ,IS formed in each BeC-, > ~ecbon to which 113 .: ~el.de~ a. cot:lV~~ sectt~n'; ~~'

non in the same manner as tht co~i~g tubes. Inte~.n8.lly thread~_~, .. collar IS welde~. ~o ~h~"~~;v~x .,,"

.. .Twenty- four picric' acid pellets are .stowed in th~ sectIon.. A ste~.~ ,tu,be: 3 feet 114 l?ches long" IS - , .., "',

. 100 '1 t>e f t-Pe- . 'f' 1 ti d 18' II ts scre~ed lll:to.,thlS ~ol~ar. Three similar collars at

. ~xp ~r ~t th 0 tl c~n r~ 7 1;~ E ~ode an angle of 1200: to each other are positioned oft ,- .. ,-

" In " eac .' 0 _ '. e 0 .ler exp._o. er . uoes ... : ~P" e~ ~ .. center on- the convex section. .: Three steel tubes '. ..

. ." . ./' . ,: 1}l1s inches long are: screwed into these c~ll ars.,' The' -' - , " ' __ ,

, .' ~ .. ~ '. . , ~ ~~ ; r.' truncated conical :~tion of, the- nose fairing "is. ~ r. ~

~ '.' ',' .• '. -- t- recessed . at eight. p~in'ts to accommodate; bolts

I' whichsecure fairing, to bomb. ~; '.'- '. - - , ,

• The ends' of lni'-''lurrg and--thre-e-'~nHdl tubes-are

1; , ~ •

• fitted. with steel closing plugs .. _.. { -'

A'transverse fuze pocket is located in the central Section.··. fuze. 'pocket: appears' to .termi nate at

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, cent ral exploder tube. ·

'. ~ .~, . No fuze has' been found with th~ born'b' but~the

, ,~ threaded holes. in the steel closing .plugs accept' the, - ~

- .. ' 'nose switch (jf th~ A ·fuz~. .,-t\lso', there ~_~e " .. ~

. slo~s in._t~e t~un~a·ted·'co~ical- .. sectitJ.n pf th~ nose 'J. -,~

.' that - may be for' electric cable -leads- Locating

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. 'ring aj.tached to 'each bomb is of norma! type ,alid ·

not '~f s].ofted' type" used 'with (5·5) A ,fuie~ - - " ., ,

"1 _. 'Ei'ghi- bolts which screw i~to 'tl)'e external .plate ,;" ,

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of the a Iter section appear to be .for attachment of

a. tail unit , but .no tai I uriit ·was found.' :, ',-.!

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~: SlJSPENSION.· The CEtntral Section 1S fitted with

, _ " :~ , ' ~ " _ (/I- L -

e : a suspensiouIug. Lug :being capa'bl,e oJ liJmite_d

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" "lateral. -r<!tRt~'.: ~cti~,n _ js also- ~~<:,essed' and

.' . threaded at sldlS for fittlng .of t sunruonse ,-. '

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.. -,'COLOR':AND MARKiNGS, Fawn eoloredover-

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Jl:'~ _ ',' ull,' sections.' are .marked 1, II, IJ I 1 I.V,· and V.

. _ S~ -4000:>'ls' ~p~irti'ed -.in large. black letters ..oil 'the ." body.. Vfhe .Ietter V,'.-plus_' serial. number of bomb '-' "!.

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. is alsorpresent. ,The. three .specimens exarnined

.. '··w.ere 2,.3~-nnd 7_. ,,-. . . 1 .-. .

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. /. ~- -8 OMBEN-.~T'ORPEDO)

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,.:. . .. GEN,ERAI;. Th·. ir~raft torpedo is' 'an expens\:ve. _ ~ · c~'

-,[.~".~::.i~ ~~, C6t:ripl,ic~.tea ,~·eap6n. Thll~ proportion of ex plosive ~. I, '.

y~.>-' i, weight is 210w,.:_, Ml\SS'~.iiroducrion i-s.lengthy,,-a.nd ., .'

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. / . experi~ive~ In ,addition present day perforllUlI1CeS

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/i . .- 'of ~.rp'~do~e~gil1es.limitith~ sp~ed and i~a ng~. of the

." l" .. :prolect~le~ '. ,Both",of these lt~nl.-S are essentud.s - f9r

,r.p~p~o; :'- -- ... ,/ .'.: accuracy ~nd safe.ty tr~i;n ~nti~ircraf~ fir~. -. .

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- .A rela ively simple weq.pon would result. were . ··nepect:·~~· the ~)n~ was found to be far from -CO~- ·

. the tor do engine and .the eontrolgear. .omitted. • .-. plete ... ··.· The susceptibility :to disturbances and the .! . 'If this .simplified·weapon were'·lau~ch";d,89 ~hat ' . reaction ¢$p~qity o(such"ftizes, .. h~d"n~t'~en in-

. , ... ' " the greate.. portion 'Q~ th~ distance - to the t.g~t' .. vestigated' 'th~roughly .either. A. ~ 1}l8.W,letlc 'prI)x, ._. was covered ~r.ough the air, as with an ordinary imitY._·fu~,-.Jlowever'- is' necessary: for'-·, gre~lter .. . . bomb, the initial speed of l&'uncr. would _. be re- .,_' ';r~leai~ rangea - and fo·t: curved. underwa ter tra- .' '

- tained over' nearly all .tli~ range. 'The: projectile - "~,' jectories, '. I" ~ , . '." , .' ' . ~:~'. _ .'

!9 ",. ',$ , -, ., • - , ' ': ' ~. -!,....'

" ~ ,,- would enter. the ~ate~ [ustshort c .. ~ the: target and _ . , G~~ detoTi~tion positions CUA be .ach .. ieved -with

. earry o~: in- the 'direction _ ~f, its fl~¥htl" in air by,. straight un.~erw~te( travel .if the. fuze i~,. s~t_ to

... reason of its mo~entum'~in ~e sam~\~.~y ~ does - . g~ -~~ after ~."spe~ific distance throu.g}l the water. · . .a torpedo. ' To prevent 'it from going '~~o .deep 00-'· : The angle of entry must .naturu.lly not be' altered . ·

f~~e':d~ton~tion;' a relll:~lvell flat angle ol,en~ry mto ~ the ~nc,ler~a~r.~-tra-vel 'd~_penck on- the :~ngJe' or' '.- '-

the .wa:ter:j~ necessary, :.' _ " '. · , -.: , " .' entry. 'The' time delay set on the fuze' can-be .de- "

__ .~:Suc.h a lVeap~~ wasdeveloped.in Gelntany.-dur- 'teI~mined: m~~t simpIY~))Y-' assuming".a const~~{' o: .

:' _. ing tile closing months- of the ~at, 'and it -..yas calle~, ' , ~ime for underwatet ~r~ vel~ .1 '. ~. - .,' .'_' - , '. I

. _', _-. ~ 'the.Bcmben Torpedo. It'. combines' the character- '. 'In de~igni!~it the fuze -sy~teII1:" the' 'following. . '.

, istics o! the bomb to travel a Iong distance j~ ~ points must be borne in mind. -An impact fuze' __

.. : short .. iime.'intervat'with.the,characteristlcg.,of~' .with of without delay is required for direct }~jts'

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- -:-" . ~ .. torpedo .in _ that unQ.er.wt}J~J·. _tra~el _. eJitnina~~s_ . on.the .ship ..... Fu~th~-rJ the speeJ 1iti.d -r~Lr~ge 1f .re-

", '. '. 'range errp_J;1i,;' . 1"" _. " " '," ;.,' t- lease must-be functioned very .at~\' u ra.tel f for a pre- '

', \. '.' DET_AILs. :, The'13T .was developed .. in-four' sizes ~ . set ~~rme .. ~s 'the toler~nc~' of. p I: Uti .' or .1n,~I}US o.i.

_.- . ''- ;.-29'1 kg,. 400 kg" 700.ig,-:and 'the 1,4QO kg. Theyall ! s~~ond can on]~ Q~ ac~neve? w ILh ~ d~l:k work. fuze. '.' ': -, 'ig..corporated_ the .same general shape 'and ~on*uc~. . ._Jfln1~l1y, t~e, tail s:.c~lon niust Uf' jett }-sune~l by ~x-,

. ' '~' ..' tion and' wefe-~e,ntirely- -of steel Th' T C __ ' · plosive bolts o~ by some other a d equ at e .rnethod

"'_ , , " " 'J9 . e y were QD "#"" h I h ' , '

.... :,~::_,.-._ strq'(~ted . "·iri,':.-three pieces] the 'warh'eai (two. ", ~~ Imp~ct",W)t t ~ ,wate~. · . · :

~ - .~ ~:?'. -sectionsjandthe tao. section. -(See ti~ 49:) .. '',rlre\' ' UNDf~RW"A,~rERdI}-~lIA VI.9R. "fhe bornb n:ust·, 11

'. - _' ... : _ " .·for.wa_i.d section of the: rhead was in the-shape o:t~ . in no e.ve·nrt r icochet ~)ff th:e wa~ter. not -e\:el~ in 11.~t ,

_', .... 8. truncated (lone and the after section ·of. the, wAr'" ":' angles of _en try, but Blust con tin ue without devia-

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, -.'''"_ q~ad .. was .cylindeical.. ·tJ:i~-transve~~e~ fu?-~ pocket, '. '.tio~: of i~~ P!1tp of entry. &y - . ..

_"_ ~ .'~~s)~~~ed_-in 't~e _c~j~~·rical se~-ti~n' ·j,\1'st\~ft·the' '. !l, is ,'kng~vIl .that wi.tl.~. ogival ~oses,. fl:' .. se.e~.}n .

_ . ,_ pOl~t where thetwo se~tions·were welded tqgethe~.: . th~ .~·l1ust~a ~lon .of Jhe B ~ ] 4-,OO, ~r bOJnb y~·dJ ~'lCO~ " .

. ' , __ \ -The S,li~petl~ion ·Iu~( T .. typc,: .. Wt~S' s~C"ured~~/to.111e ~h~t 9ff)~e \'Vate.~ when 1 t st ri kes atl.a Ha.t angle~ .p

, _~,. j _.' " w~r.head just _'f6r~ar~ ~of ,this. weld" '~t :.the :~~nter ',' B~Y' u~ing ,:a fiat .nose,. a~ seen i 11 l ~.l~. i·II ust l'a tini'l:-'o f " .

, ' ,.t' - of gravity. : .. _- . ,I. :' __ ~ - _ ", . -", ' ,!~' :>,~. -'. ,),. '.: 0;-_ •• ,,: ,the. B·T 790, pr be~ t er yet. b'~, 11§ i n g _a' .S [;011 t! r. l> I Gl t(~_, , >' ..

TAIL'.,SECTION-" - Th' r··}. ,.", .' .': ,-,./, .. ~".'··/1'''' ." :--~-Jlis ricoche~, at flat angles is definitely ·aVllided"~,,

"."_ .. -th'I ........ 1-: ·'"f'.:""'-.'t·+'·" "'·"'te'de a~ ,~e~T_~lhon,,~~,.~sho .. ~n. ,._~ rl~:~'fronta'l slJrface-~of t}~e ~r()rler··p'lat-t?; is IIlade"

.. ' ,_..', ioI e·.:5;Uape·o 8: runea cone., ere'were t ree ."~,""'- - , I , ,'.," . - , '

.. v" I" ft"· - , '~a';-' 12£\0 . · t· h'" ~ -cr. .' ,_t-: In the. f·orm of a seft10n of a sphere (')f radIus. - ,

. , " ery .arg~ nSrSpl\ce ... • u "apnr '-at t e"aLter, ena-\' .' ,'. 0." L • _ • !-~ . f~:. " ' '~, ,'", ,.._ .. • -

, 'f th -t';'· 'T'hll>' Lt· ~ "f ,t ~"l' , . ~'d ·d' .. ' ,." 1 ..... eq~nvelep~ to tli~ <h;:;tance be~ \\ ee~l th~ surf ace- of

o _e-~~ IOn. -..... IS ype 0 aJ .:p~OV_l ~, ,exce:l ent.,c "." 1,. .:'- '1' , l), ,,,. " ' 'd "h b l"' ',' ' . ,.~ .... ~ ..

· ~ thb"l"t·,"f·' th ~~,-jb hIOI"·" .. "h'f'-'''"" Th -',;. tl'le,spoler,patean,_' t e, OIll) (enter, of gravlty~,

· .-', '.' . S q 1. 1 y, or e~m. W 1 e It was In t e air... e '.' . . , " - '. _ . . .' '.. " . >. b

,! "-."~ ,t "'1·· _ .. t: '."~": d t ·:~li· "'0lil£'., ,- -:'.' f \' h ,- As,.the flow .of force 15- prartlcally perpenJIl'ular

, . 8;1 sec Ion \V~ M:CUr.e . o.-.t eater -sectIon 0 t e. ''', ' , 0 ". - , : '. ' •. _ .',. . \.

"" . ~ "-'h" d· '1: ,~ .. -' ~'h h ':, ,'h · '. -.- . to,thf' npper- surface ,of t.f1e body wh~n It IS awash,

"r ... war ea In SUClI_ a manner. tat. w en t e' missile . .", ,.'. -- .... ' , '. ' -

- ... : •. f T !It k .th ' .' t' ..J"t -', "'.1. tt~,," ed' -. ". · - .' : . the. tsUltlng flo~y 01 .forcE? Dlust go - through .the, · <

,~ rue . e ;wn er,.l ,was:Je l.son · -. ' ~-l~. f'~' '... ·1 +1' ·1 ' " '

,'>;. "-":~"-E r··· ·'th" ",. '-/"P't . BTI000',' ", k' d ' ~~n.Lr 0 -gr V1.ty au'· '~1US it·callses·no turnllig

· ~., . __ -ar:_Yln, ~~xperl~le,n,s,.a. ,:' ,was(twor e ... ",' ·t· .' _ ,- T .....

" , d th" l' II, ·1 h tl 'l. k " ~ '." "' ornell · , • . . ·

" . .' <?o ~n is . ml-SS1 ~ n: a -l'oe et. qrot.or-· Inside the ' , .' .," ., .' -. · ~ , ·

. tai2' e- t· . Th·' , ~ d " '" d"- ~ • .... ,-, spg.i4er plat~ WIt h l he sa nle dlaJnet~l as the

." "' ~.- p' '~~'SdC .101\0" , t'- 1S11f e~ lw.as ~.~nl· rop~ - as ~~:. - bonlb h'owe\;'~r'- ha~'~ hlg'h wa ter'dr~g_ The ideal .'

. ,~ ~oye .' ~m prac Ie, " or: t le m 1SS;1 ~:: .. ' .' .,.,' . -. _.;', . .-' :""" '. ". " . " . ',,'. -

. _ . _'::'.~_, . '. ~ . .;. . . '. '. .' . _'. . ,: " , '., .: ~ '" '. " sltuatH>n I.S t~ )tu ~ e _1 he SIze of tJ le plate le~ than

" " ,~ _ '. ~l!ZING SYS~M:.. A ~~gnetic fuze which re~·." '. t~e,gre-tlt(lst calibe_r ~f tFe b61nh'body a.nd so sl:al~ed. ':'

:, " , '.' '_ .~et(·t~ t~le .. y'ar~able . JJl~gneti~·. pe~d, of" ~ .ship, is '., thilt only the sjiQ·j.ler plate and. )10 -other part,

"._' .... '., .- .n~~a.ry fQr:,~he most s~cce:;ti~,a;l. pQsi'ti~~-6f <let_h. . .st;rikes the surface of, the 'w..9.t.e(' at· flat ailgl~ D£ .'.

'" .. :_ ~nll~~on:;un~er~tJ;1~f"~1- of the shipo; 'W~rk.-.on .. thi8, ··,entry:,·. . -'/ ' , " '.' :. . . ., .

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which the' bomb is ::;ecuret.L to the paravan'e body .

, Th'e' bomb consists of a cy lindI'.lcal - iron Cit st i ng, '

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t)vel:-all Length: - 15.7 in. " ' ' ,

,. ." ~ .isshaped to aeCOIllllJodateth,e fuze body aud galll'e.

Length of. BUITlh-; ·a.4·i_D.

_.... A seating is fonned within the tipper w a l l of l lye. '

Body Diameter : 3.2 jp. (J

_ caHting'ior tlre:j70) B fuze: Above qlis ~eat i~lg-· •

- )\T all Thickness: ;8 in.· ' "

r the- wall isbu ilt up to -forTn a bayonet type t->()cket

_ 'I'ota l WeiglJ.t,= -:S'!5 -lb.. , '. ,-' .to secure t-he fuze in -R ~i.n}ilar manner to t h at in

Fuzing: ~70) ~1i:'·· , ". ' , '. '.. ~ _ ~ _ · . S. D:_ 2-kg bombs. · ·

co NS]RIJCTIO;N. !he, assembly "is comprised .- , ; ~ , · " - - ...' -,,' ' .

f lhA" bod t-I b'· ~ h ' . d tb dified - SUS} ENSION. 1 he bomb is suspended hor-izon-

o t:: para vane y, < le om ,an e mo 1 · - , ' ",' " , -

" (70)' Bfaze. U~eefig~ 50.) -', ,,' · '_, , · tally by a bos~'welded to th~ for~ar~cenJ of the

, The paravane body is a sheet-steel corie,;,formed cone., "" . ..,

of two sections welded together .. ,At it~, rear-end, " ~ COLOR' ~ND MARKIN,aS." The tail and .par,a--

£6 ur sheet ~ steel tail fins : are welded to the cone. vane cone are, J'jR in ted da-rk green.,;, the bod y js yel-

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1h .inch - holes, two .of these rows - being dri'lled: ; slightly forward of ithe other two~' 'T4e'.purpose,';

of these .holes is riot; known. " , "

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Towa-rds the' end!' of the cone a-re- welded four

e4u_aJJy'"_sp~ced metal planes of airfoil-cross-section. ''Dlley are o~set to the longitudinal axis Qf, ihe cone. , ~f.fp")ione plane is welded ~a. metal eye which - forms,' ,

an, anchor for .the towing lug, '~, ~',' ',': .. '

'* 'The ,front end -of' 'the' cone has- a T slot, forming "

-, .- two lugs, to each ofwhich is welded a .boss, one ~, 'bOHS being' sere,-v-threaded to a~cept,t4e·,tensi~ning" screw,- the whole forming n: circlip ': by means of

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JNTRODUCifIO,N. Incendiary, snlokl'lolll'HI prae,-ti<;e' hoi-nbs are-covered in .thi~ sect ion.- Tlwy are

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, Incendiary bOlno~ r.ange in size "from the -1: -kg

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mngne~ium bOIDp 19' the 500-kg'- oit· filled flurn,

The smaller types are 'ord.inarily carried ill eOI]>

" tainers and the, larger ha~lbs ure cn rried in bomb . rack~ like a similar size Iiigh - explosi ve -lxJlrlb. "

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size and, appearance.' Tliey ha.ve;;4 fuze, 'u~ual~y' .. ;', great _ majority are' built of concrete, a notable' mechanical, designed to operate on, 'impact, whieh.' exception being the rocket assisted practice bomb ignites b. smoke producing compo~iHoil~ : ',' .. ~ "", '.'., which: is almost identical except for explosive

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~uilt' to siri;Mi1llte the service bomb. in htJI)~1ing" Wa~l.Thic~es~: p6 in.

and ballistics. - . Most' pr~tice ir.:mbs have either r Tail Length :'-"O~'. in. .. '

,. flare or ~ smoke producing attachment incorpo- ~ Tail' Width: 2.91~ .

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point of impact-of the bAth. ' '. ' ~ Penthrite and Wax. ~

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Body Length: 9.7·5"lJl. :. . Y, " ~ .. '. • \.j,:~~'~... is tapered nt the after end to fit into t l()J1g~iL

Body D~iimcler; 2'.0' in. " .' .. '",>, cone and is reduced in diameter .. at the Iurwa I'd eilU'-."

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aIIoJ' casting, threaded il1t~rnally. at the nose to; fig, 52.)"" .: , ' · '. - · ",'

receive the .fuze holder and fuze.' The after body? The H. E. container .accommoda.es the pen-.

is tapered' tb receive the sheet metal, three-finned " . thrite eharge and the fuz~. i!he fuze is ar'lued by'" . ~

drum,~shrouded:taiLassell)bly. The 1.37.kg and 1- · a long arming rod which pa~s through the tail

¢ kg bombs are identicalexcept bhat.the nose of, the seetion und.locks tl spring-outsufetv (-Jin. A metal

fo~~er is madeofsteekwhile that of the latter is w\nd cap, or drogue, is attached 1,0 the after ~~nd

. of Iight alloy. (See fig, 51.) 'I ' 01 the rnd.. .' ' -

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as follows:' , eral different ~i.zes and types of (.g,ntuiH~rs.

r, HIE' and ~l..~E:- ;F~' ignites tin .incendia~y COLOR' AND ~AlJ.KINGS.·. The. 'incend,iary

, mixture.. .. ,\ '..... · body is painted 'olive green, tl.e ta il .da rk greeu; ·

. ,2~ BIEZA, and "B1.3EZA: 'Bomb is identical to '" and the. H. E:- container black, unpainted, or da rk

, .1, but a-perrthrite fill f&d , gaine, threaded into the' red .. A Z is stamped on the body near the tad,

~ ~,;ta.il,rdetona~s thermally in about [) minutes. , ,,' and a red i; is stenciled on the nose. · ·

3.' ,BIEZB and Bi.3EZ'B: '-These',are similar to .

. paragraph '1 b~t a penthrite 'Ill~d~'poc ,.' the,;' 2.1-kg ~2.2EZ·tNCE.NOI~Y. BOh\8

nose, detonates thermally after ab ,,'~ -to fj 'DATA. : .' . v' , \'" • •

, 'minutes. ~,' "'. _ " ." Over-al Lengt~: 20.75 in .. ,,' '~

SUSPENSION. Thes~'bomlHi"a" ·':·carri~d in a ,". I . ~

. '. " '. "", .' BOdy' ngth ;" 9.25 in,

number of different sizes and'types .of~~optainers.· ~

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. C(»)tOR AND' MA~ING:S.~ .Tb.~ .bombjs un- , Wall Thic~~ess.; % in, .- " ,

painted magnesium; the tail, is' d,arii green, ' ,The, '\ '. . ~ail Length: 4.7{i in. -. ,

BIEZA and the Bl.,3EZA may haye·ai:nd:A ~n-" '. -, "

.. ciled "on the nose a~d probably wilL have a. Z .T~~J Width":,.2.0 .in. " ". 4'.,

" '_ stamped on .the body-near the. tail." Th e,'BIEZB' ~ Type of lri1ling~ Incendiary Thermite H. ,E_.: .

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-tail. " , · : 'CONSTRUCTION. This homb .. is similar to the'

.. ," ,,' . . · · - '~~~ incendiary bq)nb, with mod ificat ions t u the

", 2-kg 'B2EZ,. INCEN~I~Y: 80MB:'. " ·lru~tl.'c&ntri.iner.: ~ These alterations a re : e xt e rual

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DATA: ' " . , .. : ',' threading, on ihe nose to receive it sleeve ; Hli add i-.

i .: ' .. Over~all·te~gth :.20.75 In. :. .' -: '.',' ,', ~"' tional hole to r@Ceive a spr i n'g-out sa fet y Vi 11'; t he c

. Body-Length: J~.25 in, ". I!":' " ' '; " '~:'.':,~; <', addition of a train of burning composition Leading ,

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T'lil·¥ngth: 244r75. in, Tail Widtll: 20.0 in.

Type of" Filling: Oil incendiary mixture and

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Fuzing: (~~)_ A or (28) B.

CON.srl'RU(;TION. The bomb, containing an

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(See fig. 55.) The three bombs are aLIHo~L. identical, differing only i11 miller const ructiou a l Jetails. The' tn il assembly differs considerably frum nor- ' mill German construction. The fuu r fi ns are

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and all four fins are- similarly stamped. The sec, ondary markings depend upon type of 'filling used

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, 'TN,]; bursting charge; -, ,- . - -. pocket just above thebottom of th~ fuze. AH anti-

Weight <!~ Fil~iilg_~ 50.~ ,kg> ::_ '_, _:', 1~ " · ." .break-up rod is placed ~n this tube and serves to

Total Weight. 110.0 kg. .', '_ ,',,!, '.:' :: activate ,the fuze if the 'regular t rembler l;)witche8

ChgtWt. Ratio: 45.~'%.~ - =.'>: · fail to f~ctiotl. '(See fig~' 56.)' " - · .

Fuzing: (26,).-. '. - · '.~ The tail:aSseIQbly consistsof a cone_to which

CONSTRUCTION. The bomb body-consists ot' four fins_ are welde9. 'Th~ cone is riveted to the a steei cylinder to which i's ,welded an ogival nose ': a~r end of the bod! cylinder; Ba r-type struts

Section of light sheet steel. A caststeel nose - Ieee reinforce the four tall fins. . ~,

-is welded to the sheet .steel nose section~ _ -A. t n;.·. OPERATION., On impact tl~e fuze fl).Bctiono cated cone o.f,~lieet st~l i~ w¢kl:ed -to the ha~. of -, ·,ll,nd"ares the. 1.25 kg TN1: 'C)I1l~g~- 1~hl~ el..pl~i·on the body cylinderand isflttedto the-after portion 'n'ot only breaks o~n the case out It. I'gnlt~ lh~ · of the central exploder tube. . A steel tube. runs ' · . petroleum. filling and'· a 110\\'5 the' chu.rcoatatl8.ud

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, Totn] 1Veight:: 77 lb. (approx.) . '

',. Fi~llg.,: El~~ .(~B). , 'CONSTRU(~TION. 'rhis ,bomb'" consists of a

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o the ,female type with, t,wo studs projecting rellr:

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at t e} ua~e lad dt ~~t ~th°~ · i.(olldlr P9S1dtl~'~dln~ phlt~s . ' '~lthis bomb. Q, '~

are .n so~we e 0 IS ~"tr~ er aD: aI' -~.Il' pOSl-~ , _'- - .. <. ' .' " , •

~ tioning the tuil on tpe 'bomb:. " ":"- :, ':' 'OP,ER~ TION.~. When the impact fuze f:unctl(HlS, ¥

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- f.orwurq O~l thesid~' of the .~;b, boo.- ~ri, 9te~~ >' ",,~p~i~,s:, opell,'_ ~~~~ bomb ca8~ng, ejec~s s,mile or ·nIl of ~ ·

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COL()H,:...-\ND '~lARI\:-INGS. The bomb body i~;

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the incendiary filling, and breaks the bottle containing t~e whi te phosphorus, whieh ignites the' incendiary filling.

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t SUSPENSION. 'I'his bomb is fitted for· horizon ....

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On-the bOmb nose :

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'~Bran~"C.50 B'" stamped on nose pl~g.

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OLOR AND MARKINGS. The bomb-is painted II ht fawn over-all with a red priming, coat. The

f~I~o wing. markings were founc:I _ 'oln the spec~m~n

recovered: \, ' ~ " 'it-

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'~SO-kg BRAND c ~50 A TYPE '. A~D II INCENDIARY _BOMB

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TYPE J

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4tt3 In:_ ]4.5 in .

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On the bomb body ~

"Brand C 5.0 B" (black)" .. Red band o/a inch wide, "10' PQ'! (red).

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Over-all Length ...,-~~------- 64,0 In.

Body ILeD;th-----.:..-----~----------- 4& 7 in .. . ikKlY Diameter __ -...:---_------------ - 14.5 in~ Wall Thlckne88 __ .... --...: __ ------- ..... ~---~ O~3 in+

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Tail ,Lengtb+ .... _~_- ..;~~';-----1.---'-- -- '25~o.i ri. :!fi.q In,

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Tall Wldtb--.:-------~·~------->'"-~---~-- 20.0 In. 20.(},~~ In.

Type of Flning~. Petroleum. ·87.70/0; polystyrene. l1·t~;

phOsphorus, O.5%~ . · - ,N. .

ruzing,: EIAZ ·(25) ,B In forward pocket. llead~~ln after pocket.

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~ONSt;RUCTION~ .. · T.YPE - I.~ This 'bomb con- case n~d 'scattering the filling, over ~: - radius of

. sists of a on~-pieee forging witha femnl(~-type base - ~ about 70 yards. The filling ignites spontaneously, - plate, .~ 'rubber washer is fitted under this plate, j~ ~ burningwith n.great deal of smoke.

. but 'is not visible externally. (See, fig. 6Q.) :-' SUSPENSION Th"· bo b "be' . d d

. TYPE II..:_'Iilis bomb is of welded construction' , . . . '- lS ~ lllay suspen e

ith fit b" ] A ~ h--- ..... k bl either hor-izontally or vertically by ail eyebolt .

~l a_ ema e- ype, use pate. t_ Ie ack rub- . - . .. .-.- .

ber washer projects about" ¥2 inch from 'the under· ~O~9R AN~ MARKINO: Th.r body and tail

'edge, of tbe:'plnie. . .' , ' are painted' bl,~e-~rey overall with .a 1 inch red

· _The filling is contained in the bom~'body in the 'band located just aft df'tlle side suspension eye-:

form of 11. thickenedJiquid fuel. Supported in bolt. The _o.ftet, end, fro~ ~holJlder to ba~ plate,

the' filling. by foul' metal pa;ds.fitted to a wooden, has only the usual red priming coat. Bet wee_n the

framework are 16 .brown. glaSs ,bottles' in four "; red- band al1~ the r:ar -fuze pocket are the foll,o,\\,ing

rows, containing a ~ery brittle form "of white phos-. _ words stencl~ed l~ re~: Ie' Achfung ~ or Son~en \

pharus.'. ' ,.', :,' ., /..', Strat;lung Sehutzen" (not to be stored HJ the sun).

, ,_.,---..' .. ' __ ' ' ", ,', Immediately below this is "Brand C 250 A" in

· ".' OPERA TI<?N. On, ·j.J1?Pact,-, the _. fuse r , 6.~8 t1U; ": black letters. Further markings are found be':

I gaine and the picric burster. pellets, b,~,*ing ~~e;.: .tween the fuze pocket and the shoulder. ,

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f:;eI)kreeht-A.ufli~ll.?g~ng" stenciled. longitudinally ·

· fror» l1o~e uftto the 'other marking, .

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SJ~!L~R BO~BS,. ~_'NC .. DjSee : 1"his bomb, H;'

Jio~ting,,' 50~kg ~mGke :bomb,. .is constructed similady tQ ~he Ne)!50 we. .Itgives 0ff a -w-h'it(! fogor .. smoke .. 'The over-ul] ;v:eigh~, is 'approxima t ely 22 ·kg·.:·.It·Is fittedwith the; ,4.Z· (4£») fuze. ~A:i the fuze -:is installed when -the' bomb "is shj pped .the · .safety precautions mustbe highly respected. ;-

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theta il is providedby tt rubber.senl. .. ()n--,rtil'uct.with the-water, the tail drogue is, \ypen~hed .off and

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curries the' fuze release. ·rod. with it. 'The fuze fit'es ~

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and the-smoke producing lJgen~:is ignited. \Vhen : .: '

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rubber seul and smoke is emitted. " .~

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SU8P,ENSION. Vei~ti~al _61~ horisontulc-.

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'COLOR 1\.ND, ~ M·ARKI~GS: .. Bomb . casiug '. ~s '

., 'painted' uluminum ;' the tail. is olive. g~e~n; . the protruding portion 'of the centra] cylinder ·is .yellow. (~NQ '50 .we" is stenciled transversely "Across

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<?ver-al1 Length: 5' ft. 3.in. ~.o.dy Diameter :.14112 "in; wsu 'l'hickness: ~)6 in.

. . 'r.~ii Length : ~5.. in. '. 'T"-il Width :'20 in. ~

~iliing :~ Mixture of chlorosulphonic acid -( 40% )'

-. and sulphur trioxide (60%)~. " ~"'.. ..

, Fuzing : "Eli\Z (26 )" ~~. '. .. ,

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-·.CO.NsrrRUC1~ION~ The NC: 250·-S . .is similar in ..

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.sise and -constructionto the German C'250 (Flij.p:P)

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bomb. . The central-tube contains a "wooden block'

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201j'2 inches-long t\n<t41j-l: inches in diumet.er , card-

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·1?oa·rd disks, and .a circular block of TNT 9 inches

-long and 41;4 ·inches in din-meter.:, The' "bol:nL . is · fuzedwith a EIAZ (26.) Vr:hich,ha~:i"a·uo.rlHal,ga.ine'

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and.one picric ring pellet .. The fuze opel'y,t:es d i-

rectly on impact detonating the' burster c.hal'g~ 0 fl l'NT. -in the ~entr~~ tube, \he rna in filii ng is· scattered to .give a large' concentration of smoke.

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SUSPENSION. Horizontal.

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::COW.j· AJiD·.MARKIN.GS. "I'he body is silver,

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~ a ~J{ .. ihCh· stripe pars-way back on- the nose, ~~l~ a' f:i~c,lr stripe just aft. 'of 'the ·suspension· lug are -pa~nted "w.hite. "NC 250 S" is stenciled uft of t)l~

. second 'blind.·'· · '

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figure 63---HC ~50 S Smoke 80mb .

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SD 2 PRACTICE BOMB

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Body ,is constructed of .concrete r~inforced with irreg~laTly shaped metal chi.pp~n~.' (~e fig. 64.). , A .normal ejght-yane type of tad ~nlt IS secured

to the body by a bolt embedded cast.

1m the nose' of the 'bomb a length of concrete-

filled, metal tubing i-s inserted to resemble the

(73) A fuze. 'r _"

Lengths of iron wiresoldered to the/tail .secur .. ing bolt andto the metal tubingin the nose ()f the bomb-serve i'i strengthen the cast concrete.· .

, .. ,

II.

tIle concrete

CONST~UCTION. Bomb consists of a normal (unfilled SD 2-- bomb case and is secured 'by a' nut. < and bolt. Welded vertically to .the upper surface of. this' band is' a length of steel tubing. (See- fig.

, ..

65. ) · · '1 .

'Secured' to 'the steel tubing is It short leng'h of steel cabie which is attachedto the normal drogue retainer. The drogue is formed of a curved sheet

steel pressing.

COLOR AND ?v1A.RKINGS. band and drogue -of the specimen examined

painted- black, and ""are devoid of markings.

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body,

metal

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COLOR AND MARKINGS'. The specimen ex-

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• __ ----------------~--~--~4~------W-.F------------~~.----~F-~n,~~'------I--~'.-FI--~----------------~--,

cement extending thl'{)u~,e bomb, The- wires

, puss thruugh foul" housings in the bakelite fuze head, and are secured in position at the nose by tUI'BJlIg- 'oyer the protruding", ends. The ot1her ends of 'the four f wires are secu red by passing ('Hell wire r lrrough separate eye: holes provided at

.' the bast} of the sheet .1n6f:al finsund turning' over

./ I I

, the ends. '( See fig. -nfl.) ....

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A central CR vity 11 inches in length is :formed

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within the body to accept ~ p9.per'\~artridge. The,

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cartridge is .separnt ed at the nose .end from the

dummy fuze head by a 1/8~inch thick felt wnsher.

The paper cartridge contains a gl~ss ampoule,

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.surrounded 'by a filling of chalk, t1H~ an~)()u le e()J1-

t a.ins either chlorosulphnnic acid or iUlning- hydrochloric' nc~1. On impact, the glas~ ampoule breaks to rel/ase its contents from which smoke ..

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emitst () mark t he point of im pact.

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metal which .are slotted and interlocked to~ether, are pprtly moulded 1nto the concrete at' t)te "tail . end and are secured by two additional lengths of · wire which run laterally through the eye holes and are fastened by twisting the ends of the wire

together. .d.. f •

COLOR AXD !-tIARKINGS. Body unpainted with 2.inch white .bund at, nose. Tail vanes alu-·

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. minum color t nose.. hlaek. 1.FE 110 st enr i led

on body. l~

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zc '50 CON'CRETE PRACTICE BOMB

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"'TYPES I AND II

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·DATA~

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Ovel'-fill Length: ,4:312 in. , Body Length: 27 tn .

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Body "Diameter: . 73,4 in.

Tail Length: 16 in"\..

Total \Veighl: 50""~ approx. Fuzing: AZ 46 charging head.

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CON~l\RlICTION'. In Type.} the nose, body

and tail cone n re formed of fine concrete a ll in one piece. The four tail fins, of sheet metal are 'filled

_to' the tail COlle when concrete is poured. ·

: ,On either side of bomb are two cavities. which

. '

'are covered by wooden ·g}ats: • CHYiti('~ cOlltaIn

paper cartridges holding' chalk and an. a m ] ioule of chlorosuiphonic acid'; or fuming hydrochloric

r - "'11-

acid. " · . . ....

fype II is rery similar, the differences merelv

be-ing to allow for the insertion of a tracer candle,

'" , in- the tail and a charging head for ,it:-:; initiu t iou.

, .

(See fig. 67.) , · ,..

Tw'o ?teel-.:;~ires lead' from the' fuze into the cent ra l _ stiffeni~ tube and thence t o . u pair of ternlin~l sackett in the tail -cone. The t racer is

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fired by the terminal sockets on releu se from the

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~ plane andburns for approximately 55 st'cunJs .

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SCSPEXSION;, Vert icnl or horizontal.

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COLOR AND MARKINGS. Sand color

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-charging head' and .he 4~)'''BIl;:;,E:\ pyrotechnic

fuze for' igniting ie, rocket 1110tOr. Complete information can found ill t he follo)Villg section

-

... .

. PC 1000 IS EX· PRACTICE' .

DAT~~:

•

.-

- ..

-

Over-u ll Length: 1-ft. 2% in. ,

. Body Length: 3' ft. 9 in. ;

. '. Body 'Dial~eter ': 1 ft. :}1/2 in. . '_,

1 • •

Total Weight: 993 kg; ,f. _

, _ Fuziug : Charging 'head -lvBI _ EX· pyrotechnic

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4-~)I~II EX~ w

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There are 1 D ro

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, are 221h inches 101 • and have 2 I sit 6 j J1e he:", d iarn-

.eter; 12 are 20'V8 inches i(ing wi th diameter of

. ~

II 21%6 inches; and is IJ1/.t inches _1ong with ~l%ti·-

. inches in dia er., :ro~al ,weight of' rocket, uri1t

• ,1 is. 263 kg. 1 . The tai is 2 feet. 4: inches in la rge diameter and

1 foot . inches small dia~eter. ' .

Six

...

.

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· CO~STRUCTION. 'The body of' the PC. 1000 RS. EX is identical in construction :to the PC l~OO

- , r

. RS. ,In place of the 'normal explosi ve ch~I'ge, the

cavity- coatains sand or some comparablc mnterinl '

as a substitute, (See fig: 68.) · '. ' _'

The fuzirig system consists of, the 49 BI EX

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CONSTRU( ''flO'N. 'fh~ LC 10 ~ingle ~B~dle -pn~a;C'hute flare c()nslsts mainly of an aluminqm cylin~ ,der~ th~ flatre candle contai~d in a cardboard lirier"

, ~

nn 8D dock~,"Ol1c fuze and'1\ parachute. ' The fuze

is located in ~t steel sleeve at tIle' nose en'd o,f tlle

, ' .

flare body~ · (See fig. 70.) This sleeve is at$~ched

- to the body 'by three ~rews. An aluIDln'tWl ('n-~ fits oyer the, ~te,ef ,sleeve leaving the, fuze expose<t ' The 'p~arl~cllute is located in the tu-il end 'of ~he

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t Il e ~ e 11 <I () f t 11 (~ --u 1) . ~

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pPERATION. Tl-~e BU fuze beg~f)s to fllHqion

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• •

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••

~Jlen the flare is' dropped. A.1; a predetermined tim~ the fuze fires ~nd ejects the candle and its parachute from the body. by tIle same actio~.

SUSPENSION. " " .. ARB 500 incertq.lftry eon~iners.

Filling: FIll re- conlposi tio'"'t. ·Total Weight:

Fuzing: (59)

.,..

;

76 Ibs~ A

...

( with

pyrotechnic

The candle

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~W1ited

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IS

in fl}ze.~

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CO Nj3TRUCTJ ON. The" body COIltlist'S of 8. rahe made of senmless ahuninum tubing. u p~n~sliu,jJt.d , plate over which the tube. is crimped H1HJ ~n·U I eJ by 24 aluminum rivets, and u Jome -SiIH p("d seeul-ed to the tube by SlX bras!:) Sh~lll' ~(T\._"\\ S.

...

steel plate stiffen!'5 the

A felt disc

..

...

PARACHUTE RARE FB SO (SIN LE CANDLE) AND LC 50 F Ausf. C (FOUR' -CANDLE)

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DATA:

LC50 Auar C

42.5 io.,

42.5 lrl~, 8.0 in ... %2 111 •.

fur

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suspensIon.

\\~hich is ,stowed behind

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a paper sIee\?e. pocket is of steel'a,nd C611tail1S the fuze

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.. ' 68

...

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the pa rue) 1 u"t t. suspensi 011 wires'" a 11 d t n H(I('01111110 _

t •

dut ... the nidt~ S S »-usjon block. The' iotll' ("alldh~s

ar411eld together h l' steel pla.t--e ill t1w form of _R cross bolted on to t hem. There (in~ fou I' t.' y'{~b()lt S

, ...

screwed to each urrn of the cross t d lake t ht' para-

chute wires. .A ft6-inch sleel w ire wdded i1 round the cross ensures .eusy pnssage of t IHo eli lid it·,s un ejection frorn the casing. '·Each candle ,i~ p'ruvid~~d with a" match igniter, at i ts bas~.'· OIl r~iem"ie, t lIe

pyrotechnic delay in the fuze is iglli~ed. Thi« fire::; the quickmatch which in tUrIL 19l1 i tes ~ t he black powder cltnrge in the tail. The chal'gl~ ejects the

... ' candles by shearing the brass screws, the. candles.

...

simultaneously being ignited througb pe rf orat.ions

in the ejector plnte. (Se,e figs. 71 all d 7 t. )

, There. are no tail fins on the case of t tie -si-ng1e

candle flare but the four.candle flare hus four fins riveted to-the case, two-of whieh a l'e 1 (j inches loug and two 3 inches long, all Lei ng i i uches wide.

-These are located 'at the far end of tbe case from

"'\ the'-para.;hute. 'rhe parachut e i~ uf ~'elaBe~e" 13 feet in diameter. It is attached to tht' calldles by

~ ~

12 silk shroud lines 10 feet long and woven steel

SUSPENSION.

.

Vertical or horizontal ..

...

~, ~

COL()R AND MARKINGS. The bod)', tail fins,

and dorned cap may be unpainted aluIlliIlum ur . painted black all over. Manu fact urers nlarkings may be stenciled on the case near the dOllIed cap.

REMARKS. G;rhe flare, coruposit.ion is: aluruinum, ~.5 percent; bariurn, nitrate, 75.8 perceut ; sulph ur, 7.7 percent; vola ti Ie mat ter 1 0_2 percent.

•

Botn' flares -burn slightly lopger t han 5 minutes.

~

Candlepower: single candle, 216,000; four candle,

600,000. , • • '

, ~

-

LC 50 F Ausf. J: PARACHUTE FLARE (J(O

..

..

Over-all Length: 421/8 in.

I

Body Length: 42¥S in.

Body Diameter: 71Vi6'

,'- Type of Filling ~ Flare- composition .

Fhire Candle ~

Over-all Length: 20% in. ·

· Dia:~meter: 4.8 in.

" ... t;ight : 1 23.14-1bs_' e- "

Fuzing: EI Zt Z (£)), or- EI Zt ,Z (59) A.

s» Stabilizing Fins: 2-234 in; 2-16 in. '

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C()N-01'ltlJC'-I''ION~ The container of the para-

chute 'flare is ,a drawn steel cylinder 1 rnrn thick . com p~'es!-ied circuurfererit ially to form two inter-

. Hal flanges. ' The forward end is·ellclosed by a

~

dome cover and the after end by a plate, -(Sef

, "

. fig. 73.), A cardboard disc separates t he fuze

pocket fi'Olli the 1.2 pounds, 0~ clay ballast it} the nose, The cardboard disk' is retained by. a ring

- which has ah .Lsection and is-spot welded to the inside of tile, container. The, domed cover which

,

fit~ ~ils.ide, the cO~l~ainer i~ . located ,u .. ear the' for ..

w(].·u fluuge, ·It IS secured by the r'tm at the for-

ward-end 6f the container. The fitting in the cover ·

· i~r1fh·readed -to' take a, suspension lug, . . "

'Ir! the wooden block beneuthone fuze has n central ~o~el ~Iid II Bide channel through "which the flash

lfrom the tuze .ig~ites the. ro~der train ~i ~lte 'rub-

. l.ber hfk. ThIS 111 turn dgn ites the blatk' powder

-chiltge in the diaphragm. The diaPln'u!im is posi/ tioned by the. after internal fhiug'e and the plaster

· ~ of par iscylinder. The single flare candle is within

thiE cyljnder and, sen leu by the washer.. The, '. paruchute shrouds' are wound around the top of the candle' and '9, cardboard ejector disc i~ placed

. -

.;"[j .below -the folded parachute. A tight fitting felt

\ .

" pad IS inserted above the parachute and is hekl

.Iii - , '

. _ .. .in place by the end platd .. "This latter is secured

r ~

~ > , . 'by 'six soft metalscrews which are'easily sheared.

Of the four stabilizing fins on .the t~it,of the 'con-

~ . ~ .

, tainer, one pair is 2% inches long while the other

" ~ .... ...... r

is 16. inches long. "

The' candle is an aluminum tube closed' 'lit one

" )

r. -' • ~ -

end, wi th a paper Ii ner contnirring the com pressed :.. .''_.:<'' ::~~',~:~. .': _,,) :' '. "~' .

. flare . composition, A light aluminum container ,:'~'~)lf~~~:t-" "" - , . .' ::::: "" - '

inserted in 'the concave end of the candle contains \ ., ~, .: F ',,".,~, " """," ., ~.,.' ,_

.. ~ .. ..

the black powder igniter. At the other-end of the .. , "

Figure 74 -LC 50 f Ausl.tG Parachule Flar •

.• candle ,a heat insulatinglayer, consisting of-cast '.. 8 .'

;:plaster ~ is ·provided· to .protect the' shrouds . of the. _ . .," ". ' .

. parachute. The latter are arranged in two groups) . ,\ LC ~O F Ausf. ~!AttACHUTE FLARE

, connected qy two 4-foot lengths of. S. W.,R. to the', DATA:.·.. ·

,.

closing 'plate;~~hieh .is. riveted to the cont~lil.ler.. .". Over-nil Len't1h: 4!l in. J ,. '

. , The-pa rachute, 4: feet i 11 di ameter, ,is made of .12' . ,Body Diamete r: 7.87 in.

- . ...'

J' sections of artificial silk and vented at 'the center. · Tail Widt h : 11.0 in.

'. . . -, '.Type' of Eilling :' FlaI'e composition. ,

~.SllSPENSION. 'Horizontal. · , ,~ ~ -, ~ T~tnl Weight: .32 kg (upprux.}. .

' .. COLQR AND_.MA~~INGS. Exterior painted Fuzing: (0) or (59) B.' ,

· blackwith one marking ':Ausf. E" stenciled in on "' . CONS1'RUCT'ION. .The body' of the LC 50 F " a silver patch just' forward of the fuze .pocket.. At~sf_ G 'parachute flare is l'OIl:jt,)"ud ed of she~t_,

, The·in~rkings· on the para~hute' are : G:e~t' ~C alunrinum. The base is 'closed off by a fiat plate

... '

50 F ,Ausf. C. ," ....' ' and secured to the c;vlinder by ,l~ rivets, A pu ra-

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chute closing ~c1}P fornlS the. forward end ·of the

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en p and t he fuze' i)~c k~t. The SlH;pens in.} lug is

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, the powder puff ignitps tlU' i~nitt'r tralll 1t'adlJl~

centrally t h I'ough th~ flu. n' ("lind It' tot ht' fi \ l' i:.r [I i t ('r sturs which in turn ig-nite all(l l"I~"Tl> H ~11h: .. ,tan-

tin lIy ev~n igll it i un of t he' fia l'l' ('/ Jill 1>1):-' i.t'i ~}l1. It

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Ta.il Width: 10.3. in. ' .. mutely 6 jHc1~es long and I1j2 iur.hes in' diameter.

Fil1ing: Illuminating composition, black' pow- 'fh~ outer cov~l'ing of each < flare js wu xer] card-

.. ' · del' expellant charge; smokeless powder igni- board und there is .n sm~~tl~ of qu ll'k-fin: cornposi

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Fuzing: 89B fuze. ~ '- ~, end on which the qniek-:fire eOlllposit ion is locat eJ

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CONSTRUCTION. 'The body is a cylinder of Above the layer of 20 ft~n's 't.hen· i::. nIloth~'r

sheet metal with, a constant external diameter. A .' ignition partition, then a bundle of 21 tlit n~s, ful-

truncated cone of .concrete is firmly fixed to the lowed b)': st il! another 'igTlitiOl~ paditlo'l a ru l ~l

'nose by a O.75-i.ncl:t bolt. (See fig. 76.) ~ flares. JImkit{g a total of G:2 indi\·idu,d ,t\al'e:-; \..'ull-.

~ The fuze pocket' contains n dr'illed hole to allow tuineJ in the bod)' ..

pB;.ssage of flame- to . the rear et the oontainer, , To the rea r of the, IS!j.t bundle 0 f flu res u re two

.Lrnmediately to the, rear of the -fu'ze- pocket is the ,PHUS 'of. felt and one, _l'ardbou'rd' pu d. Tin' tl}P

charge containing' plate, so p~siti9nedP11Jl that the' plate retains, ·all the c(~nteJlb ill (ht:' ~'lItlta iller alld

hole in it is directly over the flame "port ,in the is fixe(J to t he body by me a 1\:--. of f ou I' I igh I a,I U'!ii i-

fuze pocket, A bag of black 'powder lies in .the 'num shear rive(r.;. , The tail ('{)II:-.i~ts uf fllur ~t_ubi-

.charge containing _plate. '. " 1izi,ng fins ·wehlt·d {it 90° i-llter'~'J:d::i a r o u n d ilu: lx)Jy.

'- To the' rear of the cha;rge and resting on the' ' '

charge retaining plate is the pressure plate. This SUSPENSION. Pi. single ~·l~Ij(.luI'J (,erllwll eye-'

, pressure plate has a"central' flash hole through it bC:')lt screwed to the sideof the body suppurb t.he

and also has an exte~sion welded to u cutaway , :'l.fk.50 Kask" in the plane. .

. semicircle on its circumference to allow Iormove- . REl\-IARKS. ,As the III issi le fa Its to ea rt h after

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ment of the plate without hindrance from the in- 'release, it lunintains a Il()S~ dOWI\ po~i'tioll ill _fiight

_'. ternal portion '0£ the suspension eyebolt. _ due to the weight of the COlHTt'le no-e piect'. Tile

y' _ ... Restingonthepressureplate-islhefirstoft:hree " fuze' functions' 'while falling,. Th~ t'xpt'lL.u'lt

, "ignition part itions, Each partition consists ~f two' ' , charge is ig-nitett··olows t h'" pre~~un~ ldatt' hj tl.e '

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perforated .cardbcard plates.rbetween which are .' rear, shearing the .retllilling r i vet s, H.~Hr top plH.t~

• pressed discs of smoking, powder, , ',' '- -; fulls 'free, ejecting t he ind ividua l ttnrt'~. At the

A bundle. of '20 target indicating ~~res rests .on . 'sam~ ~!ll1e that the ejection is oc{'.urri,~g~. -the tlush

_ . the" ignition pa~i~ion~:, - ~_ach -fta~ 'is _~p~xi-. ' · from the propellant charge, is t ~~.1l BbIllit,~eJ to the

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PARACHUTE FLARE, SINGLE CANDLE FLARE (PULL FRICTION IGNITERS)

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· a thin coating 01 red, plastic paint or fabric coaled

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wit 11 she Hac' or ,in some. cases left open exposing

- t he flar~ composition. "cAt the head -of 'each candle

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and, set '~~l hin' the, rna in flare , composition is, 'an 'Type, ~ flares nlay, be found wi thou t e it he r a fuze

· , "~dumlllUJn cup fil1?d ;~ithi gr_ey 'powd~,r_.· Above 'or igniter in which case the he-ad of t he first ca lld Ie

- ' this is positioncd a.curdboard washer primed with \' is closed by a metal cap in which ,~I'l-' t w o holes.

, eOH~se g-ralllt?'d black powder. 'if fuzed with the .. Beneath the cap is a wooden collar JIl)ll~i'Ilg t w o

, til/V the he'a'd of f,he candle '-unit i~':'~nclosed by, a shalloon bags, the first- containing norma] Lln ck _

met a l 'cap: Ps'SS"ing '1I;<:>m the fuze betw~en, the ',' powder and the second a light gre(:'ll (,OIJ1PIJUIld,

hietal \~p find the ~dX, .Ot the fl~re ca~~le ~is a • ., .: Exa:tly how t~~se unfuzed flares are ig(liteu. i-s not

lelll---rth of ~afety fuse "~hwh terminates -W.ltll111 a J- known. - · ,

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sha lloon tag containing: black pow der.. This:;~g , _OP'E'RATION .. r When t lie

' .. tIl e 'c ( ) I ] t a i I ~ e r 0 J ) P 11 S ,

is !)(Jt.i t iOIled j n the 'center of A ,\"'ood~n colla'r. The -,,' , , , , . ,

60 - ~; , f' . t 1 f · 'E , t j) t ' t] ~' f - ~ b ' b k t' fl a res fa] I free · 1 he 8 tat J r {_' ( ) r { 1 f II I let } () 11 S e 1 t 11 e r

• UZ-e_. ,l::;e 1 S sec u l'e':1, 0 le rame,: 1. Jl<,,_ rae -e . "..... .. , _ r" • __ e- '. '

Ii' ~ A> tt I l-~-"t tl b~ ..... f' tl f · iii • -b k I' the SumIng de\ICe of the 611V or tbe pulligillter,

- · tlC le(_ 0 le ,ase.' 0 ,le uze IS a D, e It-e .'.. ( ~ ~

~, - 1 t t '} , · -)' " Ii tit l f' f' "··f ' - he ""1) } C' h e \l e r 1 s fi t ted to th e fl are ~ 1 }} r ti (i r eel 1 t e r b

~~a{ Ullr ~r_- 0 ~)-.lIQ }-!s t e(_ Ie ~a ety lise rom t , ~~, _ ,

.. }~,td .... ft-h· "fi t- ~ d-l ." - - '-"L, - the\~aterandreturnstothesurfal:e .. ~tl(jfttl}lif\\'ltll

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:- - :,~ A t~ ·t~~J' · ~~~jo~~ f . ~ th' ';~:f • ~. .' ",,' '_ tbe .head of the flare just clear of' tlw,:h:v. ater.

i S ',a le' cor\~_,~ _l~om - ie, uze Rl,"mlllg ,PID IS se;-' . i'~

-. ~ureJ t--o-a~t-: a k~ t" 'th'-:lo ~ ~ t" f t] , \Vll(~n' the fi1rst candle IS three-quarters LUI"llt, a

~ I.;Jr c ~ ,Ill ~"W~l- Hec lOll 0 Ie C()ll: ' -. ~~.: --L/-'_~l""~ • _. _

~a.iner'i_ J.f' fU~ed' with 'a<',!>ull igniter,'II'the candle !,"I,'e ?f ~af(·ty fll~e l'UHlllllg Lo the ~t'CU11~' ('ilIIJle-

he&,d is: fi'tl~d \\~ith ,brass' ~tire gauze beneq.th which IS Ignited a,nd after a short delay ,~he ~ecollJ can-

':are: HUed 9,ne and a hlUt fnilummable biHCllits~ ," d Ie is i-,.rn i ted. E~leh ca n II le.-_,) I as ,il. UIJfll ill;.! I i me ,

.: · 'The head .-9,1 the, ~and.le'is ~peii 'e~pos~ng the cqrd- of a()proxiln~,_i{'-ly 23/t- Inill~l'te~ w hi{'h .. ':d~lu\\' i lIg for t

. '. " board ,washer li?rimed~~-'tjth cqn~ grained gUlh~ o\'('rlap Whel'} botb candles are bUrntllg', gi Ye:; a.'

_J)ow~~r: ~he igri'iter'is';.~,~cure~ to.,t,~e hr~ck~t ut· < total ('ontiilijoUS burning ti~lle yf 5 nIinute~ for

, -_ ~.theJlead of the,~~oYllnf;y ~hnmber so that ,~ts nose, . ea'eh, flare. ,

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or makes direct contact with th« influmm HIlle bis-

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, , - figure 82 -Sm"lce' FI~i,:, ·Orange, 80

. Between the 'perforated cylinder and the outer .. case is the' smoke filling. The perforated cylinder is positioned at the .upper end by a lOG3e-fitting

COLOR AND MARKINGS:- The candl~'unit is .. disc ever which sits a metal riI-lg. (Stp~· figs. ~l · " and 82.) The igniter is located ill a n invel'Ie.l

cap, _held in place by a locknut. Tt'll~ cap has four smoke escapes covered by cell()plIH1lI-',

The orange 80 differs from l l ie It)() ill t.hn t Ole aluminum locating discs and ri~ltg of t lit' Hill b:i\'~ been replaced by similari ly Shal'hl cardbuard-

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outer cap iJ3 held by a bayunet joiJl~ a ud a dl.let,1 ve

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OPERA Tr()~. Both ign i t e r-s f lUW( i011 on the

same princi pIe.·' "The ignite!' cont (-J j uvrs IwId, a compressed powder pel let (i l'l t }i~ ()1"U I ~gt~ .1 t)t') \ ,1'

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<., a rubber tube coutu ini ns; a Ipllf!l"h of :_-,aiety I use.

Above the -powder pellet or ~afpL)' ius!.> i:-j a iI·le--

t ion cap through wh ich passps t lip t r itt ir.n WI I"e The friction wire is coiled !),t its Lowe_l" end to n.~i:J",

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the _ pull. .ft pu ll-chajn is at ta (' Ii pd t (j lh~" r j ll~ ~ ~~ t

the top of the friction wire. \Vbl'lI th is i- pul led , e, the fr iet ion VIi 1'~ pa.s~e.s t h r'uugL., a uti, igl. !ll'~' tile

cap which in turn ignites the powtler jJeilet 01'.

'Slliety fuse. "

REMARKS .. '. Tllese flares are ll~eJ a.': w i nd d r i ft

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SUSPJ£NSION. The flares are carried in "Ma~k

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70 S'vand "Mark AB 70:.-1" containers ; two -type 1

and one- type- 2 flare in each' container.

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unpainted aluminum or cardb.saFd; the buoyancy

chamber is unpainted steel. If the 67JV·_fuze is u~d: the.,elay is marked on' the, .buoyancy

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Over-art Length; __ ~~_ 4 .. 0;'

Body Diameter ~. "~1. -8"

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W «u Th lckness __ ~.:..':- ¥ilj-;' _( anprox.)

J:ype of .Fliling_ ... ...: _'_. Smoke eomp,

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Weight of F'Illlng', .... _ 52. () grnms

Total Weight~_~~~_~ }-32 .. 0 grams Cbg(VtTt Ratio~~~, __ ..... 40~ 00/0

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.' 74. 0 grams,

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- CONSTRUCTION. Ti-e' outer case of the 'flare'-

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by ~ strip of adhesive tape. Inside the flare, at

the base is a locating .piece With a raised section

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at the center over which slides a. perforated alu- . '

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is wound a length of quickmatch, the upper free 'end of which projects into the top of the cyltnder.

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1. Case is a sheet aluminum

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cylinder with base formed as putt of the cylinder

and with upper disc crimped to the body. .The filling !-is contained in a ribbed plastic cylinder.

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( Se~, fig. '83.)

,2. Case is, a sheet" aluminum cylinder-with both

base and top plates crimped into the body. A lower and an upper spacer _disc, wit h hollow cy li ndel'S attached locate four perforated, nlu,.miuliUl tubes. A cnrdboard disc is painted with black powder Rnd rests on the upper disc. A nletiJ 1 ring

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ho1ds the cardboard and, sp~cer disc -in place. The

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filling is di vided int,o layers by discs: (S~ fig. t;4.)

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CONS1'RUCTION.

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PHOTOGRAPHIC FLASH -BGMB BlC-' SO

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(30 .. kg)

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.

:' Over-all Length: 43.0 in .

.",' .Body Length : 2'6~_4 in.

· ", .Body Diameter :'7.8 in .

, :'\-Vall thickness: .8;32 in.',

. , ,

Tu il Length: .J6.0 in ..

. T II i 1 'W i ( } th : 11' .. 0 i n ~ .

Fill ing : Fl~r.e, composition, Fuzing.; (9,) fuze.

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> 9~)NSTR1JCTION. Tn exterior !lPpearance, this bombis similar to the S~O~kg type 1 except that

, i he' case is made (~f ~heet· steel -wit h a hea vy', nose section: Therf~ is a circular steel' plate just' for-

~ '-.

wurd of the fuze pocket and the, nose-section is

- · . not fiJled. ..Tile base plate is attached by shear .. sCreens~ The 'tail is sf'milar to -that of the SC-50-kg'

. ..

bomb consisting of four vanes, welded to a cone

which is riveted to l'l bl~~ plate>, (see fig. 86.) ·

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,Ble "SO PHOTOfLASH BOMB

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DATA;

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Over-all 'Length' 42.9· in.

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· Max.: Body Diameter ~ 8.0 in. ;

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Diameter 'Across Tailfins : 11.0 In .

,',' -- Length of'DetoBaliul! FIJ~e,: ;}l·.\!j ill.

: W~ight ofStarid"afd 0~laI;ge: 1IO;)~){g. ~.

,-r~~k1ight 'I~ t ri'Si ty : !5~) In i Il-,~,>tl. He fn e_r cand ~ el

. -Time of Peak ntensiry ~-70~ln.j l liseconds, ,

. "

, 'T~tal Light": ,utput: 63 m.Hiori Int. =andle

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,secon .s. c:. •

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SlTSPENSION., "Verticul or hcrizontal. ,

..

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COLOR'AN'D MARKINGS. The.oomb case may -

be painted y~llo,v:()r aluminUni~with~BLC 50"'-and mu.riufacturers' markings stenciled ·'in black. 'I'he

tail assembly is painted dark .grey .... ,,' :' ·

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GERMAN · EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

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- I)() III b I} ( j ~ s { ~ s ~ p (I ( l V e 1+ y g rea t ,l d V a j ~ t (1 g ( J. - i ] l f (l C t t II a l it was Hot seIlsit,] V(-~ to hu llet ~J1 PiH:t ) a lid wus, 11 H',I;(~-

fore muc 11 sa f e r t (j l~I!) I) J ())'. •

D'~'o~(_:.RII)'-I"'I()N. fl .... ~ I)} C 1 [I

£.H. J , J 1 e ~ ) J !) (J~ J) l o t () J; L~ Ii r 1 ) { ) J ~r 1 i J

CUI ~ H i ~ t S (J f a ( ~ ( ) J r 11 ) a It a t i vel y_ .1 i g: 11 t s tel ~ 1 t ~ t s i 1 ~ g a I ) ~ proxirnately 4'2~J iIH_:IH~s )CJIlg U:llU H iHdws in diameter. (See fig. )'17.) The total wPight of the bomb is 42 kg .. There is ~ ',. heavy (~(}ll(~I·{.Ite 1 L( Jse piece which ads us a ballast"to stabilize tlu:~ flight

of the horuh. '111e born b i tsel f C<JI1Sist S of til r~e .a p [) roxi mu tely con cell tri c t U t)(:s. The () lJ te r t II ~)e contains 15 kg of aluminum "pyroschliff.t'which is an extremely fine, flaked aluminum powder, hu villg the foUo~ing characteristics:

'~etal content : 87~927o.

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~ Fat content: Less than ().1 %. ~

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Moisture: Less than 0.570. or

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Another tub€ placed wit hin the outer tube con-

tains 3 .. 5 kg of blackpowder, serving as ttle explo. si ve w hich sea tters and jgni tes tile -ou ter c ha rge -' of aluminum powder. ,"The black powder) "Marine-Geschutz" pluver, possesses' the following

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characteristics: _r ••

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Moisture content : Less than 1.370. Grar:ulatlon range: 0.68 to 1.3 mm. ' Chemical composition:

Potassium nitt1ite: 75%. Sulphur : 9% .

... "L~ Beech charcoal: 16 % t

The ·black powder is exploded by means of an 80-em letrgth of det onating fuse which is placed. inside a third tube passing through the black powder charge. The ends of the det ouut ing fuse are dipped in n,4 percent solution of collodion, and.

allowed to dry. '

,

The bomb is igniteil by means of the standard

type of electrically ignited delay. fuze w h ich is inserted in the fuze well' ion the side of the bomb,

REMARKS. - I~ order to incre~se the us~ble

~, light output of the BLC 50 photoflash bomb, the following researches were carried out recently: '

- .

" .... A. The. fine, flan ker. aluminum ~'pyroschliff" -

.po~der was replaced with an atomized aluminum powder called "griess." . The new, atomized pow-· der possessed spherical particles, and therefore' had approximately twice the apparent density of'

the flaked form. Approximately 30 ~ of the" atomized, powder could ,be placed in the- volume formerly Occupied by 15 kg of aluminum "py ro-

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'GEXERAL. It has been found that the Luft~ wn He employed a photoflash bomb containing powdered aluminum, which was scattered into the sur-

- ......

. rounding air by the .explosion -of the inner core

of black powder. Due to the heat of the explosion, _-

. \~

the aluminum powder burned in the oxygen of the

, ail' and produced a rapid flash. The rn;inb weighed, consideru bly more thane, th~ conventional. type -of photoflash bomb, which employs_ an'intimate I~lix:'~ ture of powdered oxidizing agent and magnesium

'or aluminum, and it produced - a slightly .Jower

pe-ak candle po{~er output. The time to reach peak

, • • _t

intensity _was also lower. However, the, German,

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Figure 87~'8LC 501 A Photollash 8~mb

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schlill .. " This procedure increased the peak inten-

sity fro~ 450 to 800 million Hefner candles. Hnw-

1" ..

ever, the fta:sh was very much slower, that is, the

time t(J1 re-ach peak intensity was longer, -and the total duration of the. flash was longer .. It -was also

reprodllced~ because of variations in tlle cllaracterist ics 0 f t} le

...

atomized aluminuDl powder.

( ,

B .. The 15 kg charge of flaked

der was replaced by ,28 kg of pellets (13 nUll

stated that the results could

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" nected by ~{ -1-,3,.4 inch lengt h of sa fety fuse to a small bag containing gunpowder. This serves' both te set off, the igniter pellet in the top of the. candle and to eject the latter from the casing when" . it fa lls freely to eg.'rth and acts as .u ground marker.

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~qdy is 'supported irrternally by a 'serie~ 'of eight · long.,an? 4% i~lclles il~sern~i ·uiameter.. The~annular strengthening bulkheads. Weld~d' to the · 'tery unit consists of a sen_es' of small dry - cells after end of the bO~- is 'a tail cone which termi- _ ' contained within an insulate cylinder.. (See fig ..

. - nates in a short' .p·arallel sided tube over: which .is ~9.)". ,

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a~ e an a _ ap~r eslgne to accept tIle aluriIi~~ .J.

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are welded to the tail cone and 'strengthened by' which~~n' retaining bolt passes to- ~ecure 'it to ,tIle ~etal struts. The nose p8rtiQn of the lx)mb body' 'noSe p]ug. -The ,renr end pi tl.liti t uhe i~ closed by

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insulated contact rod- secured' through. the base of .. "

the cas£ing by two grub screws, At the base of the rod, u spring switch is mounted with leads to

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covered by H lucit e type do m e. When duo 'lHarker -,

is released f rorn the aircraft, the- illl'I,tia ,bolt is posit ioned between t he pIa tes of tile spn lig switch

and one si(l~ of the circuit bet ween t h« talliP and the btl tter ies is broken. -. On irn pad, t l H'~ IIIP rt iu b:JI L is forced out of posi ti oil and t he (' i rcu i t bt-'t ~'h~li r the lamp and buttery jJ.; completed. A~ the batt e r i e Sf fi II , on 1 y II ]) ( ) r t i () n () f t} l e ~) ( ) III I J t J ( ) (I Vall J a 11

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joints are made tight by rubber W'<'l~!lt-'ni, the

marker flouts on the su rf ar:e uf the wu te r. an.l It l!-l assumed, provides a re~(JgIl1( ion or ueari}Jg point for ai rcraft ..

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C()NSTRl~(_~rI'I()N. r]"1le ma rke r l~ (()fJ~t rl1(~tp(_l in two parts. The J'par.IHJ1'liofl i"{)fl;.:j~t:. of a <'yli!l~rleal steel container to dH~ re-al' end of \\ Lil'h ,In'

u t t a e 1 ted f o t I r r 11 ~ tal - fi 11 ~ ; l JEt ] ~ i f J (J t l I P ~t~ j ~ t- ~ t ~ J t f ~ {j_ t I a flnt uietu l base plate of lltt' <u u n- thUrllt'll'!" ib t~Ll' ma rk e r and having atta(']wd t(J it il :-.llj'lllt! !q;l,lt,d p I a t f {} r JJ t w h i (_' hill t II r II 11.0 II :-. t • ~ :t g n't_' It :-. II k · \ I r C) ~ lit' . Proj .... ·('tIIlg u lso from the La:--!:' , plate 1:-. u f; V-let!

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