Drug Study

NAME OF CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE/ MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATIONS/ SIDE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

DRUG EFFECTS
FREQUENCY CONTRAINDICATIONS

/ROUTE

Rifampicin Antituberculotic Adults: Inhibits DNA-dependent Tuberculosis Febrile Check for allergy to rifampicin
RNA polymerase, thus reaction,
600mg P.O. or impairing RNA synthesis Nausea
I.V. daily in single (bactericidal). and
dose 1 hour Vomiting
before or 2 hours Contraindicated
after meals. with allergy to
Children older rifampicin
than age 5:

10 to 20mg/kg
P.O. or I.V. daily
in single dose 1
hour before or 2
hours after
meals. Maximum
daily dose is
600mg.
Administration
with other
antituberculotics
is recommended.
Drug Study

NAME OF CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE/ MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS/ SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

DRUG FREQUENCY
ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS

/ROUTE

Isoniazid/ Antituberculotic Oral Bactericidal: Primary Hypersensitivity, -Check for allergy to isoniazid
isonicotinic Interferes with lipid treatment of peripheral
acid Adult: and nucleic acid pulmonary and neuritis, hepatitis - May be given food if GI upset
hydrazide, biosynthesis in extra pulmonary occurs
Daily regimen: 300 mg
INH daily. Intermittent actively growing TB
multiple-drug regimen: 10 tubercle bacilli
mg/kg 3 times/wk or 15
mg/kg twice/wk.

Child: Contraindicated
with allergy to
Daily regimen: 5 mg/kg isoniazid, use
daily. Max dose: 300 mg cautiously with
daily. Intermittent renal dysfunction
multiple-drug regimen:
20-30 mg/kg (max 900
mg) twice/wk.
PROPHYLAXIS OF TB

Adult:

300 mg daily for at least

Drug Study

NAME OF CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE/ MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATIONS/ SIDE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

DRUG EFFECTS
FREQUENCY CONTRAINDICATIONS

/ROUTE

Pyrazinamide Antituberculotic 15-30mg/kg/day Bacteriostatic or Treatment for Hepatoxic, - Check for allergy to Pyrazinamide
PO, given once a bacteriocidal against Active TB hyper
day; do not mycobacterium uricemia,
exceed 2 g/day. tuberculosis; mechanism skin rash, - Administer in conjunction with other
Always use with of action is unknown GI distress, antituberculotics
up to 4 other nausea,
antituberculotics; Contraindicated vomiting, - Arrange for follow up of LFTS (AST,
administer for the with allergy to arthralgia ALT) Prior to and every 2-4 weeks
2 mo of a 6-mo Pyrazinamide, use during theraphy
treatment cautiously wit DM,
pregnancy, acute - Discontinue drug if liver damage or
program. 50-70
intermittent hyperuricemia in conjunction with
mg/kg PO twice
porphyria acute gouty arthritis occurs
weekly may
increase
compliance and is
being studied as
an alternative
dosing schedule.
Patients with HIV
infection may
require a longer
course of therapy
Drug Study

NAME OF DRUG CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE/ MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS/ SIDE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

ACTION EFFECTS
FREQUENCY CONTRAINDICATIONS

/ROUTE

Its not
administered
Ethambutol/Myambutol Antituberculotic alone, use in Inhibits the synthesis Treatment for skin rash, -Check for allergy to Ethambutol
conjunction with of metabolities in pulmonary GI distress,
- Administer with food if GI upset
other growing tuberculosis nausea,
occurs
antituberculotics mycobacterium cells, vomiting,
impairing cell dizziness,
Adults: metabolism, arresting drowsiness
cell multiplication and
Initial treatment- causing cell death
15/kg/day PO as
a single daily
oral dose.
Continue therapy
until
bacteriologic
conversion has
become
permanent and
maximal clinic
improvement has
occurred.

Retreatment:
25mg/kg/day as a
single daily oral
dose. After 60
days, reduce
dose to
15mg/kg/day as a
single daily dose.

Pediatric
patients: Not
recommended
for patients less
than 13 years old
Drug Study

NAME OF CLASSIFICATION DOSAGE/ MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS/ SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

DRUG FREQUENCY
ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS

/ROUTE

Streptomycin Antibiotic Adult: Binds to 30S ribosomal Treatment of Ototoxicity, •Monitor liver and kidney function
15mg/kg sub unit, inhibiting tuberculosis nephrotoxicit tests, watch for evidence of
daily; max: protein synthesis in y hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity
1g daily. bacterial cell, which
Reduce max causes mis reading of •Monitor temp. stay alert for fever
daily dose to genetic cosd and and other s/s of super infection
500-750 mg ultimately cell death. •Assess neurologic status and
in patients sensory function carefully watch
>40 yr. As closely for neurotoxixity
part of an
Intermittent - Check for allergy to Streptomycin
therapy: 25-
30 mg/kg/day
2-3 times/wk;
max: 1.5
g/dose. Not
>120 g over
the course of
treatment
should be
given