“Evolution of High Voltage Gas Insulated

Substations Considering Eco Design Aspects”

Presentation by Dominic Cancian

National Sales Manager – HV Equipment Areva T&D

Based upon the CIGRE 2006 Paper by Karsten Pohlink,

Endre Mikes, Lukas Treier, Isabelle Huet, Thomas Gigleux,
Jean-Luc Bessede of Areva T&D
 Agenda

AREVA T&D’s F35, 72.5kV & 145kV GIS

1.Introduction
2.Switchgear Evolution
3.GIS Design Solutions
4.Eco design Aspects
5.Conclusion

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 Introduction

ƒ Three pillars of sustainable development

• Environmental friendly
• Economic development
• Social understanding

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 Introduction

XThe Global Product Process

• Raw material extraction process
• Manufacturing phase
• Shipping/ Distribution
• Uses phase

• End of Life

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 Introduction

X Ecodesign - identifies environmental impacts of the product

and possible improvement areas to minimise this impact.

X Economic and environmental performances combine to

provide superior useful products.

X Ecodesign seeks to make improvements in the entire life-cycle

of the product

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 Switchgear Evolution

X Double busbar & single busbar layouts predominated

X One + one half CB layouts at higher voltages

X Design improvements in GIS include

• More compact GIS designs
• Higher performance CB’s with new arcing chambers
• Less operating energy
• Lower SF6 gas volumes
• Smaller operating mechanisms
• Combined apparatus, 3 position disconnect/earth switch
• Combined circuit breaker- disconnector solutions

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 Switchgear Evolution - 145kV/40kA CB GIS 1972
Double Pressure 108kg SF6

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 Switchgear Evolution - 145kV/40kA CB GIS – 1985
Puffer 30kg SF6

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 Switchgear Evolution - 145kV/40kA CB GIS – 1999
Thermal 18kg SF6

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 Reduction of CB Operating Energies

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 Evolution of Circuit Breaker Spring Drives

The Family FK 3-X (2001)

FK 3-4

FK 3-2
FK 3-1

FK 2 (1934)

FK 3-12
FKF 2-12 (1984)

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 GIS Design Solutions

X Single and Three phase encapsulated GIS solutions

predominate up to 245kV
X Above 245kV single phase encapsulated solutions are
predominant & allow all SLD layouts
X Three phase encapsulated GIS designs are more
compact, but less flexible
X Development of new GIS solutions with respect to the
environmental questions are complex & demanding

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 AREVA GIS manufacturing range

kV 72.5 100 123 145 170 245 300 362 420 550
kA

31.5 F35
B65
40 T155
B105
50

63

X AREVA gas-insulated substations

cover the entire range of ratings
and offer a wide safety margin

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 Typical single phase encapsulated DBB B65 GIS
Substation

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 Three phase SBB 72.5kV F35 GIS Substation in
Switzerland

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 Eco Design Aspects
- Environmental Performances

X The design parameters that influenced the new 72.5kV –

145kV GIS range was:

¾ Reduction of sizes, weights & variety of materials used results

in better use of resources
¾ Improved/ reduced surface coatings & elimination of heavy
metals
¾ Use of environmentally friendly materials & manufacturing
processes, eg high temp thermoplastic insulators
¾ Design tools & modeling can replace prototypes for type test
procedures
¾ Reduction of SF6 gas losses over GIS lifetime

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 Gas Sealing System

XHighly effective sealing gasket

Š 3 concentric sealing surfaces for gas tightness
Š Patented special-profile symmetric flange
Š SF6 decomposition product resistant ethylene-
propylene rubber

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 On-site Delivery of multi-bay GIS Units

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 Environmental performances - Site installation

X Improved packaging &

handling allowing transport
of 2-3 GIS bays with fully
wired LCC
X On-site transport frames for
site installation
X Reduced weights & dynamic
loads lead to lighter
foundations
X Shortened local installation
& commissioning

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 Environmental performances

X EIME software (Evaluation of IMpact on the Environment)

X Software tool for analysis of environmental indicators, eg global
warming, raw material, water depletion & ozone depletion
X Circuit Breaker & FK spring mechanism environmentally compared
with different Eco-design choices
X Comparison of data for bay & substation level proved validity of
choices made with design of F35 72.5kV – 145kV GIS product

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 Environmental Evaluations
- Environmental Criteria

X GIS type B65, 72.5kV-145kV, single phase, 3150A, 1113kg

X GIS type F35, 72.5kV, 3 phase encapsulated, 2500A, 641kg
X GIS type F35, 145kV, 3 phase encapsulated, 3150A, 918kg

X Seven Physical Characteristics compared

• CB + FK Weight
• Surface to the Ground
• Volume
• Packaging
• Joule Effect Losses
• Evolution of SF6 leakage in service

• Number of distinct materials

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 Environmental Criteria

X Eleven Environmental Impacts Compared

• Energy Depletion
• Water Depletion
• Global Warming
• Ozone Depletion
• Air Toxicity
• Photochemical Ozone Creation
• Air Acidification
• Water Toxicity
• Water Eutrophication
• Raw Material Depletion
• Hazardous Waste Production

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 Environmental Impacts Compared

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 Environmental Comparison of CB with
Mechanism

X E.I.M.E. software used for environmental comparison

X Improvements made to reduce environmental impact for

each life-cycle level

• Impacts linked with physical characteristics, ie weight, materials used.

• Environmental friendly manufacturing processes used, ie painting of
surfaces
• Environmental friendly materials introduced, ie thermal plastic polymer
for isolating parts in place of epoxy resin materials
• 3 phase design offers reduced SF6 leakages
• GIS design allows for use of recycled gas
• Reduction in the number of materials used, volume, packing weight,
joule effect losses
• Majority (80%) of materials are recyclable

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 Comparison on GIS bay Level

XComparison of physical characteristics of

Double Bus-Bar GIS Bay
• Weight
• Bay width
• Bay length
• Bay height
• Ground surface area
• Space

ƒ Environmental impacts are higher for larger &

heavier substations as a whole solution.

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 Comparison on GIS Bay Level

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 Comparison on GIS Bay Level

‰Comparison of CB gas volumes

‰Comparison of CB gasket lengths

ƒ Similar results for gas volumes and gasket lengths as for EIME
calculations for the CB, ie 3 phase design offers reduced
leakages.
ƒ Actual gas leakage figures are lower than the expected 0.3%
per annum.

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 Comparison of CB Gas Volumes

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 Comparison of Total CB Gasket Lengths

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 Possible Future Improvements

X Reducing material weights

X Reducing volume of SF6 needed & joule effect
losses
X Use of less different materials
X Environmentally friendly & easier recyclable
materials
X GIS design to allow complete dismantling of GIS
X Increasing the life time duration of GIS
X Leads to reductions of environmental impacts

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 Conclusion

X Modern GIS designs consider Eco design rules

X Influencing factors are considered & weighted to

determine an economically & ecologically
balanced solution

X EIME software is a useful tool to support the

complex design decisions

X In locations where compactness is required, three

phase design offers advantages compared to
situations with complex SLD layouts

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 Conclusion

RMD
Numbe r of distinct mate rials 160 ED
140
ution of SF6 le akage during se rvice 120 WD
100
Joule effe ct Losse s 80 GW
60
40
Packaging OD B65 72,5kV-145kV + FK3-4
20
F35-72,5kV + FK3-1
0
F35-145kV + FK3-2
Volume AT

Surface to the ground PO C

CB + FK we ight AA

HWP WT
WE

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 Appendix - AREVA’s GIS
F35 Design

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 F35 Cross Section View

1. Circuit breaker 5. Current transformer

2. Spring mechanism 6. Voltage transformer
3. Combined disconnector 7. Cable connection
earthing switch 8. Control cubicle
4. Make-proof earthing switch

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 Synergy between the F35 at 72.5kV and 145kV

72.5 kV /31.5 kA 145 kV /40 kA

2500 A, 650 mm 3150 A, 800 mm
Driven by FK3-1 Driven by FK3-2

The same arc extinction principle is combined with latest

manufacturing technology to achieve lower energy requirements

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 F35, 72.5kV
Technical Data

Standard IEC
Installation Indoor
Permissible ambient temperature -25 / +40 °C
Rated voltage 72.5 kV
Frequency 50/60 Hz
Withstand voltage to earth:
• at power frequency 140 kV
• at lightning impulse (peak value) 325 kV
Rated current 2500 A
Rated short-circuit breaking current 31.5 kA
Rated short-time withstand current 31.5 kA / 3s
Relative SF6 pressure at 20°C
• operating / alarm / lockout 6.3/5.8/5.5 bar
Bay dimensions W/D/H 0.65/3.2/2.5 m

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 F35, 145kV
Technical Data

Standard IEC
Installation Indoor
Permissible ambient temperature (-30)-25 / +40 °C
Rated voltage 145 kV
Frequency 50/60 Hz
Withstand voltage to earth:
• at power frequency 275 kV
• at lightning impulse (peak value) 650 kV
Rated current 3150 A
Rated short-circuit breaking current 40 kA
Rated short-time withstand current 40 kA / 3s
Relative SF6 pressure at 20°C
• operating / alarm / lockout 6.3/5.8/5.5(5.1) bar
Bay dimensions W/D/H 0.8/3.7/2.9 m

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