STATIC

ELECTRICIT Y
S N C 1 P : P H YS I C S
THE HISTORY OF ELECTRICITY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sPJjsE24So8
1. WHAT IS PRODUCED WHEN FUR
AND AMBER ARE RUBBED TOGETHER?
A)Current Electricity

B) An Explosion

C) Static Electricity

D) Nothing
HOW DOES THIS WORK?
2. WHO CONDUCTED AN EXPERIMENT
USING A KITE, A KEY, AND A STORM?
A)Benjamin Franklin

B) Thomas Edison

C)Ms. Howard

D)Albert Einstein
3. WHAT DID THE KEY ATTRACT FROM
THE STORM CLOUDS?
A)Rain

B) Electricity

C) Fire

D) Resistance
4. IN WHAT YEAR WAS THE FIRST
TOWN LIT WITH ELECTRICAL LIGHT?
A)1789
Think About It!
B) 1997

C) 1901 What was used to

light up towns before
D) 1881 there was electricity?
WHAT IS ELECTRICITY?
• All matter is made up of atoms
• Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons
• Electrons can move in the space surrounding the nucleus,
and can be added or removed from atoms

Electric Charge
• A neutral object has equal number of electrons & protons
• A negative object has more electrons than protons
• A positive object has fewer electrons than protons
Proton
(+)

Electron
(-)
LET’S TRY IT! Protons = (+)
Electrons = (-)
NEUTRAL , NEGATIVE, OR POSITIV E?

Protons: 5 Protons: 7 Protons: 3

Electrons: 5 Electrons: 5 Electrons: 5
Charge: Neutral Charge: Positive Charge: Negative
STATIC ELECTRICITY
• A static charge happens when two surfaces touch each other
and the electrons move from one object to another

The Law of Electric Charges:

• Objects with the same charges repel

• Objects with opposite charges attract

 EXAMPLES OF STATIC ELECTRICITY
• Rubbing a balloon on your hair

• Shuffling across a carpet

• Laundry sticking together

• Lightning
ACTIVITY: VAN DE GRAAFF GENERATOR
 STATIC
ELECTRICIT Y
S N C 1 P : P H YS I C S
CHARGING BY CONTACT
• There are two common methods of charging by contact:

1) Charging by friction

2) Charging by conduction
CHARGING BY FRICTION
Charging by Friction
• Happens when 2 neutral objects are rubbed together

• Electrons are transferred from one object to the other

• Example: Combing your hair

CHARGING BY CONDUCTION
Charging by Conduction
• Happens when 2 objects with different amounts of electric charge
come in contact

• Electrons are transferred from one object to the other

• Example: A negatively charged bar touching a neutral sphere

CONDUCTORS VS. INSULATORS
Conductors
• Conductors are materials that allow the movement of electrons
• Metals are good conductors
• Examples: Copper and aluminum

Insulators
• Insulators are materials that prevent the movement of electrons
• The electrons are held tightly so they can’t move around
• Non-metals are good insulators
• Examples: Plastic, ebonite, fur, and glass
CHARGING BY INDUCTION
• Charging a neutral object by bringing a charged object close to it
• The objects do not touch

Example: negatively charged balloon near a neutral wall

Think about it!

Why is the balloon negative?

Why is the wall neutral?

WHAT IS AN ELECTROSCOPE?
• An instrument used to detect electric charge

Charging an Electroscope:

• Charging by contact = Rub an insulator then touch the top

of the electroscope with it

• Charging by induction = Rub an insulator then bring it close

to the top of the electroscope
HOW SHOCKING!
A. Move The Can You Will

B. Bendy Water

C. Electroscope Magic

D. Paper Pickup
 STATIC
ELECTRICIT Y
S N C 1 P : P H YS I C S
ELECTROSTATIC SERIES
Likely to
• A list of materials arranged in
Lose
order of their tendency to
electrons
gain electrons

• Materials near the top of the

list will lose electrons and
become positive

• Materials near the bottom of Likely to

the list will gain electrons and gains
become negative electrons
ELECTROSTATIC SERIES
Example 1: Rub rabbit fur with amber Loses
electrons
• Rabbit fur will lose electrons (to the amber) and
become positive

• Amber will gain electrons (from the rabbit fur)

and becomes negative

Gains
electrons
ELECTROSTATIC SERIES
Example 2: Rub human hair with rubber balloon
Loses
• Human hair will lose electrons (to the balloon) and electrons
become positive

• The balloon will gain electrons (from the human hair)

and become negative

Gains
electrons
TODAY’S ACTIVITIES
L AB : E L E C T RO STATI C S E R I ES AC T I V I T Y: PH E T S I M U L ATI ONS
 STATIC
ELECTRICIT Y
S N C 1 P : P H YS I C S
ELECTRIC DISCHARGE
• The rapid transfer of electric charge from one object to another

• Electrons leave one object and pass into another object

• Electrons always move from the object with more negative charge to the
object with less negative charge

• Discharges can sometimes be seen as sparks

Example 1: Getting shocked when touching a car door handle

Example 2: Lightning
WHAT IS LIGHTNING?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cz_uYBx1G5s
1. WHAT HAPPENS TO ELECTRIC
CHARGES DURING A STORM?

A)The electric charges are balance

B) There are no electric charges

C) Electric charges separate within clouds

D) Only the electric charges from clouds making lightning

2. WHERE DOES MOST LIGHTNING
OCCUR?
A)In the air

B) In the clouds

C) In between clouds and the ground

D) In stars
3. WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A STEPPED
LEADER MEETS AN UPWARD LEADER?
A)Makes a path for a large, bright electric current
to shoot up into the cloud (lightning)

B) It starts to rain

C) Lightning moves from the cloud to the ground

D) The sky gets very dark

4. HOW MANY TIMES IS THE TORONTO CN
TOWER STRUCK BY LIGHTNING EACH YEAR?

A)52 times

B) 1000

C) Around 75 times

D) It is never struck by lightning

ACTIVITY: VAN DE GRAAFF GENERATOR
WHAT IS ELECTRICITY?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uf76pThNXZc