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Marcos Alves
marcos@ucdb.br
5
32 5 (2) 5 2 (2)5 32
EXEMPLOS
• 36 = 6 porque 6 2 = 36.
27 3 3 2 27
• = porque =
8 2 2 8
4
• −625 não é um número real, pois o índice 4 é par e o radicando
-625 é negativo.
Prof. Me. Marcos Alves 2
PROPRIEDADES DOS RADICAIS
1. 𝑛
𝑢𝑣 = 𝑛
𝑢. 𝑛 𝑣 4. ( 𝑛 𝑢)𝑛 = 𝑢
𝑛
𝑛 𝑢 𝑛
𝑢 5. 𝑢𝑚 = ( 𝑛 𝑢)𝑚
2. 𝑣
= 𝑛
𝑣
𝑛 𝑢 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟
3.
𝑚 𝑛
𝑢= 𝑚.𝑛
𝑢 6. 𝑢𝑛 =
𝑢 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑛 í𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟
3
3. 7=
4 4
4. 5 =
3
5. 272 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
3
3. 7=
4 4
4. 5 =
3
5. 272 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
3
3. 7=
4 4
4. 5 =
3
5. 272 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
3
3. 7=
4 4
4. 5 =
3
5. 272 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96
2. 4 =
6
=
6
3
3. 7=
4 4
4. 5 =
3
5. 272 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96 4
2. 4 =
6
= 16 =
6
3
3. 7=
4 4
4. 5 =
3
5. 272 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96 4
2. 4 =
6
= 16 = 2
6
3
3. 7=
4 4
4. 5 =
3
5. 272 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96 4
2. 4 =
6
= 16 = 2
6
3 2.3
3. 7= 7=
4 4
4. 5 =
3
5. 272 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96 4
2. 4 =
6
= 16 = 2
6
3 2.3 6
3. 7= 7= 7
4 4
4. 5 =
3
5. 272 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96 4
2. 4 =
6
= 16 = 2
6
3 2.3 6
3. 7= 7= 7
4 4
4. 5 =5
3
5. 272 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96 4
2. 4 =
6
= 16 = 2
6
3 2.3 6
3. 7= 7= 7
4 4
4. 5 =5
3 3
5. 272 = ( 27)2 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96 4
2. 4 =
6
= 16 = 2
6
3 2.3 6
3. 7= 7= 7
4 4
4. 5 =5
3 3
5. 272 = ( 27)2 = 32 =
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96 4
2. 4 =
6
= 16 = 2
6
3 2.3 6
3. 7= 7= 7
4 4
4. 5 =5
3 3
5. 272 = ( 27)2 = 32 = 9
6. (−6)2 =
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96 4
2. 4 =
6
= 16 = 2
6
3 2.3 6
3. 7= 7= 7
4 4
4. 5 =5
3 3
5. 272 = ( 27)2 = 32 = 9
6. (−6)2 = |6|
3
(−6)3 =
4
96 4 96 4
2. 4 =
6
= 16 = 2
6
3 2.3 6
3. 7= 7= 7
4 4
4. 5 =5
3 3
5. 272 = ( 27)2 = 32 = 9
6. (−6)2 = |6|
3
(−6)3 = −6
4
1. 80 =
2. 18𝑥 5 =
4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 =
3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 =
4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 =
2. 18𝑥 5 =
4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 =
3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 =
4 4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 = 24 . 5 =
2. 18𝑥 5 =
4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 =
3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 =
4 4 4 4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 = 24 . 5 = 24 . 5 =
2. 18𝑥 5 =
4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 =
3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 =
4 4 4 4 4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 = 24 . 5 = 24 . 5 = 2 5
2. 18𝑥 5 =
4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 =
3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 =
4 4 4 4 4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 = 24 . 5 = 24 . 5 = 2 5
2. 18𝑥 5 = 9𝑥 4 . 2𝑥 =
4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 =
3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 =
4 4 4 4 4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 = 24 . 5 = 24 . 5 = 2 5
2. 18𝑥 5 = 9𝑥 4 . 2𝑥 = (3𝑥 2 )2 . 2𝑥
4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 =
3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 =
4 4 4 4 4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 = 24 . 5 = 24 . 5 = 2 5
2. 18𝑥 5 = 9𝑥 4 . 2𝑥 = (3𝑥 2 )2 . 2𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 2𝑥
4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 =
3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 =
4 4 4 4 4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 = 24 . 5 = 24 . 5 = 2 5
2. 18𝑥 5 = 9𝑥 4 . 2𝑥 = (3𝑥 2 )2 . 2𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 2𝑥
4 4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 = (𝑥. 𝑦)4 =
3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 =
4 4 4 4 4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 = 24 . 5 = 24 . 5 = 2 5
2. 18𝑥 5 = 9𝑥 4 . 2𝑥 = (3𝑥 2 )2 . 2𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 2𝑥
4 4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 = (𝑥. 𝑦)4 = |𝑥𝑦|
3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 =
4 4 4 4 4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 = 24 . 5 = 24 . 5 = 2 5
2. 18𝑥 5 = 9𝑥 4 . 2𝑥 = (3𝑥 2 )2 . 2𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 2𝑥
4 4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 = (𝑥. 𝑦)4 = |𝑥𝑦|
3 3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 = −2𝑦 2 3 . 3 =
4 4 4 4 4 4
1. 80 = 16.5 = 24 . 5 = 24 . 5 = 2 5
2. 18𝑥 5 = 9𝑥 4 . 2𝑥 = (3𝑥 2 )2 . 2𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 2𝑥
4 4
3. 𝑥4. 𝑦4 = (𝑥. 𝑦)4 = |𝑥𝑦|
3 3 3
4. −24. 𝑦 6 = −2𝑦 2 3 . 3 = −2𝑦 2 . 3
2
1. 3
=
1
2. 4
𝑥
=
5 𝑥2
3. 𝑦3
=
2 2
1. 3
= =
3
1
2. 4
𝑥
=
5 𝑥2
3. 𝑦3
=
2 2 2 3
1. 3
= = . =
3 3 3
1
2. 4
𝑥
=
5 𝑥2
3. 𝑦3
=
2 2 2 3 6
1. 3
= = . =
3
3 3 3
1
2. 4
𝑥
=
5 𝑥2
3. 𝑦3
=
2 2 2 3 6
1. 3
= = . =
3
3 3 3
4
1 1 𝑥3
2. 4 = 4 .4 =
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥3
5 𝑥2
3. 𝑦3
=
2 2 2 3 6
1. 3
= = . =
3
3 3 3
4 4
1 1 𝑥3 𝑥3
2. 4 = 4 .4 = 4 =
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥3 𝑥4
5 𝑥2
3. 𝑦3
=
2 2 2 3 6
1. 3
= = . =
3
3 3 3
4 4 4
1 1 𝑥3 𝑥3 𝑥3
2. 4 = 4 .4 = 4 =
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥3 𝑥4 |𝑥|
5 𝑥2
3. 𝑦3
=
Prof. Me. Marcos Alves 37
RACIONALIZAÇÃO
Reescrever frações contendo radicais de modo que o denominador fique sem
2 2 2 3 6
1. 3
= = . =
3
3 3 3
4 4 4
1 1 𝑥3 𝑥3 𝑥3
2. 4 = 4 .4 = 4 =
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥3 𝑥4 |𝑥|
5
5 𝑥2 𝑥2
3. 𝑦3
= 5 =
𝑦3
Prof. Me. Marcos Alves 38
RACIONALIZAÇÃO
Reescrever frações contendo radicais de modo que o denominador fique sem
2 2 2 3 6
1. 3
= = . =
3
3 3 3
4 4 4
1 1 𝑥3 𝑥3 𝑥3
2. 4 = 4 .4 = 4 =
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥3 𝑥4 |𝑥|
5 5 5
5 𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑦2
3. 𝑦3
= 5 = 5 .5 =
𝑦3 𝑦3 𝑦2
Prof. Me. Marcos Alves 39
RACIONALIZAÇÃO
Reescrever frações contendo radicais de modo que o denominador fique sem
2 2 2 3 6
1. 3
= = . =
3
3 3 3
4 4 4
1 1 𝑥3 𝑥3 𝑥3
2. 4 = 4 .4 = 4 =
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥3 𝑥4 |𝑥|
5 5 5 5
5 𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥 2 .𝑦 2
3. 𝑦3
= 5 = 5 .5 = 5 =
𝑦3 𝑦3 𝑦2 𝑦5
Prof. Me. Marcos Alves 40
RACIONALIZAÇÃO
Reescrever frações contendo radicais de modo que o denominador fique sem
2 2 2 3 6
1. 3
= = . =
3
3 3 3
4 4 4
1 1 𝑥3 𝑥3 𝑥3
2. 4 = 4 .4 = 4 =
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥3 𝑥4 |𝑥|
5 5 5 5 5
5 𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥 2 .𝑦 2 𝑥 2 .𝑦 2
3. 𝑦3
= 5 = 5 .5 = 5 =
𝑦3 𝑦3 𝑦2 𝑦5 𝑦
1. (𝑥 + 𝑦)3 =
5
2. 3𝑥 𝑥 2 =
3. 𝑥 2/3 𝑦1/3 =
4. 𝑧 −3/2 =
1. (𝑥 + 𝑦)3 = (𝑥 + 𝑦)3/2
5
2. 3𝑥 𝑥 2 =
3. 𝑥 2/3 𝑦1/3 =
4. 𝑧 −3/2 =
1. (𝑥 + 𝑦)3 = (𝑥 + 𝑦)3/2
5
2. 3𝑥 𝑥 2 = 3𝑥. 𝑥 2/5 =
3. 𝑥 2/3 𝑦1/3 =
4. 𝑧 −3/2 =
1. (𝑥 + 𝑦)3 = (𝑥 + 𝑦)3/2
5
2. 3𝑥 𝑥 2 = 3𝑥. 𝑥 2/5 = 3𝑥 7/5
3. 𝑥 2/3 𝑦1/3 =
4. 𝑧 −3/2 =
1. (𝑥 + 𝑦)3 = (𝑥 + 𝑦)3/2
5
2. 3𝑥 𝑥 2 = 3𝑥. 𝑥 2/5 = 3𝑥 7/5
3. 𝑥 2/3 𝑦1/3 = (𝑥 2 𝑦)1/3 =
4. 𝑧 −3/2 =
1. (𝑥 + 𝑦)3 = (𝑥 + 𝑦)3/2
5
2. 3𝑥 𝑥 2 = 3𝑥. 𝑥 2/5 = 3𝑥 7/5
3
3. 𝑥 2/3 𝑦1/3 = 2 1/3
(𝑥 𝑦) = 𝑥 2𝑦
4. 𝑧 −3/2 =
Prof. Me. Marcos Alves 47
POTENCIAÇÃO COM EXPOENTES RACIONAIS
𝑛
1. 𝑢1/𝑛 = 𝑢1 EXEMPLOS:
1. (𝑥 + 𝑦)3 = (𝑥 + 𝑦)3/2
5
2. 3𝑥 𝑥 2 = 3𝑥. 𝑥 2/5 = 3𝑥 7/5
3
3. 𝑥 2/3 𝑦1/3 = 2 1/3
(𝑥 𝑦) = 𝑥 2𝑦
−3/2 1
4. 𝑧 =
𝑧 3/2
=
Prof. Me. Marcos Alves 48
POTENCIAÇÃO COM EXPOENTES RACIONAIS
𝑛
1. 𝑢1/𝑛 = 𝑢1 EXEMPLOS:
1. (𝑥 + 𝑦)3 = (𝑥 + 𝑦)3/2
5
2. 3𝑥 𝑥 2 = 3𝑥. 𝑥 2/5 = 3𝑥 7/5
3
3. 𝑥 2/3 𝑦1/3 = 2 1/3
(𝑥 𝑦) = 𝑥 2𝑦
−3/2 1 1
4. 𝑧 =
𝑧 3/2
= 2
𝑧3
Prof. Me. Marcos Alves 49
SIMPLIFICAÇÃO DE EXPRESSÕES COM POTÊNCIAS
2. 4𝑥 2 𝑦 − 𝑦3 = (2𝑥)2 𝑦 − 𝑦2𝑦 = 2 𝑥 𝑦 − 𝑦 𝑦 = (2 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) 𝑦