First Edition Standard catalog of WORDD COINS) Eighteenth Century 1701-1800 by CHESTER L. KRAUSE and CLIFFORD MISHLER + COLIN R. BRUCE II, Editor Marian S. Moe Thomas Michael Robert Wilhite Fred J. Borgmann Coordinating Editor Market Analyst U.S. Market Analyst — New Issues Editor Alan Herbert Morris Geiger Joan Melum Resident Consultant Special Consultant Project Coordinator UNCIRCULATED VALUATIONS ‘The uncirculated valuations represented in this edition are for typical quality specimens: for some of the more popularly collected series. brilliant uncireulated (BU). or superior quality examples may easily command 10% to 50% premiums, or even greater where particularly popular or rare types or dates are concerned. aweEaSeeaoaS siW never reach our ideals, whether of mental or moral improvement, but the thought of them shows us our deficiencies, and spurs us on to higher and better things. —Tyrone Edwards standard catalog of JOLY Cols Eighteenth Century 1701-1800 am Published in the United States by wih . “0 krause publications Iola, Wisconsin 54990 ights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any Form or by any electronic or mechanical, inciuding photocopying. recording, of by any information storage and retrieval system without the pennission in writing Irom the Publisher, COPYRIGHT MCMLXXXXIII by KRAUSE PUBLICATIONS INC. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 79-640940 International Standard Book Number; 0-87341-260-5 Printed in the United States of AmerieaINTRODUCTION ‘The early eighteenth century was not only a time of revis- ing boundaries and the changing of names by map makers {or those then in control, but, more important, to numistat~ ies, the development and distribution of the steam powered coin presses and the variety of edges produced. Added to these are the various “experimental” types which slowly developed into the standard roonetary systems of many of the major coin issuing monarchies. The problem faced by governments and mints worldwide was to produce a simple easy to employ coinage series on guaranteed standards which was acceptable to nobility and yet easily understood by the sparsely educated laymen, farmers, miners, the work- ers who toiled long hours in long weeks, to whom the slightest increase or reduction in purchasing power meant so much, Eighteenth century coinage clearly documents the wealth and availability of coinage metals. Copper, silver and gold have been used by the mints for coinage metals for centu- ries. Fach metal has had its own destiny in coinage form. Smaller denominations were handled by the poorest to the lover classes, while gold was accumulated by the wealthiest, away from day to day circulation and passed infrequently through the hands of the middle classes. ‘The mest unusual coinage was developed by Sweden in various cumbersome copper plates containing full weight of value stampedon each piece, The shortage of gold and silver, caused hy years of wars, loft copper to be employed as comage not only for the masses but to the dismay of the ‘wealthy. Transportation of copper in large quantities over land was most diffieuit but once at port it easily enjoyed stowage as ship's ballast, whieh is the major reason for the availability of copper plate money in today’s marketplace — ship wrecks. Ship wrecks, buried pirate’s treasure troves, coins hidden, buried in the wake of wars and other disasters have provided numismatists with not only a wealth of knowledge, but also bits and pieces of history illustrating the artistic tastes and style of the die cutters culminated with the demands and even arrogance of the ruling monarchs. History is reflected and documented in the world’s coinage from the smallest denomination to the largest bulky overweight bullion issues struck to strict standards for easy accounting. ‘The start up date of 1701 throughout this edition, wher- ever possible, has probably been enjoyed most by the rather awesome array of coins struck within the extensive mintage facilities under the jurisdiction of the Holy Roman Emper- ors of what we now eall Austria, Hungary and bordering countries, Towards the end of the reign of Leopold 1, the mints of the Holy Roman Empire were the most varied and disciplined, carrying out the orders of the successive heirs to the throne'— Joseph I, Charles VI and Maria Theresa. They not only dominated a major land structure in Centeal Europe, but also provided a wealth of similar but standard weight and fineness coinages easily exchangeable from city to city, duchy to regency and all carrying the message of, from whom and to what all is exactly under their respective domain, This edition is reflective of the ultimate goals that have been utilized in developing, for almost two decades, the world’s standard reference to international coinage. & chal- lenge met, obviously to be renewed once more as our open invitation’ to critique is spread amongst the numismatic community. INTRODUCTION 3ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ‘Many hundreds of individuals nave contributed countless valuable contributions which have been incorporated in this edition, Wvle all can net b acknowledged. special appreciation s extended ta the fllawing principal contributors ana organizations who have exhibited a special dedication ~ revising and veriyng histoncal and technical data anc coia listings, reviewing market valuations aad ioaning corns for photographing ~ for this ection. Dr. Lawrence A. Adams Thomas Day Willian $. Kable Nicholas Rhodes Stephen Album Jean-Paul Divo John Kallman Frank 8. Robinson ‘Antonio Alessandrini Richard Doty John M. Kleeberg Arnaldo Russo Burnett Anderson Frederic Droulers Lawrence €. Korchnak Gerhard Schon Norman |, Applebaum Michael J. Druck Peter Kraneveld Dr. Woltgang Schuster Robert Archer Dr. Jan M, Dyrof Kurt R. Krueger Dale Seppa Michael Bates Wilhelm Eglseer Joseph R. Lasser Frovin Sieg Dr. Bernd Becker George Falcke George Lit Il Ladislav Sin Allen G. Berman John Ferm Jan ingen Jorgen Somod Joseph Boling Arthur Friedberg Richare Lobel Wm. F, Spengier {Al Boulanger Victor Gadoury James Lorah Robert Steinberg GF. Brekke Albert Galloway ‘Oda Luna Richard Stuart tv Brotman Gary Ganguillet Kenneth Mackenzie Ali A. Sumana Ferran Calico Eng. Lajos Gergely Ranko Mancic James 0. Sweeny Xavier Catico Woiciecm Gogolinski Harrington Manville M. Louis Teer Ralph A. Cannito Alberto Gomes Richard Margolis doaquin Trigs Carios Castan Ralph C. Gordan Jurgen Mikeska Warren Tucker Juan R. Cayon Marcel Haberiing Or. Richard Montrey Erik J. Van Loon Eaward E. Cohen Hakim Hamidi IN. Douglas Nico! J. Fertaro Vaz Scott €, Cordry ‘Max D. Hensley Alex Opuy David Vice Freeman Craig, Jr Hans Hers Krzysztof Panuciak Edmundo F. Vicente Jerry Crain Clyde Hubbard sim Payette Paul C. Welz Joseph Cribb Louis Hudson Rick Ponterio Ertekin Yenisey George Cuha} Ton Jacobs: Dr. S.K. Punshi Ran Zander John §, Davenport Robert W. Julian Bill Randel AUCTION HOUSES Bonk Leu AG. H.0. Rauch Bowers & Merena Inc, Sotheby's. Claude Burgan Spink & Son Ltd Franktuter Manzhonglung Spink-Taisei Zurich Numismatics Ltd Glessener Mnzhanahung stack’s Glendinings Superior Galleries : Adolph Hess AG Swiss Bank Corp Fritz Rudolf Kunker Taisei Stamps & Coins Munznandiung Moller AG. van der Dussen Numsmatik Lanz (Munich) Jean Vinchan Dr. Busso Peus Nacht, Minzhandlung Worldwide Coins of CA SOCIETIES and INSTITUTIONS American Numismatic Association British Museum Numismatics Internationat American Numismatic Society John Hopkins University ‘Smithsonian InstitutionHOW TO USE THIS CATALOG ‘This catalog is designed fo seve the needs of both the novice and advanced collectors. It is generally arranged so that persons with no more than a basic knowledge of world history itom 1700 and a casual acquaintance with cov collecting can consult 1 with confidence and ease The folowing explanations summarize the general practices used in preparing this catalogs listings. However, because of specialized requie ments which may wary by country and era, these must not be considered rarclada. Wheve thses standards have been Set asice, aparopiate notations ofthe variations are incorporated ARRANGEMENT Al coin listings are alphabetically a ranged in a historical-geographic approach ‘according to the current identity of the sovereign government concerned. Thus. the coins of Persia can be located by referring to the listings or iran Goins of each country are generally ‘arranged by denomination trom lowest to highest. except where arrangement by ‘ler, mint of issue. type or period makes 2 seres easier to understand. Exceptions Wwnich are not readily adapiable to this Iraditional North American calaloging style are generally found in the more compiicat fed series, most notably those encompass- ing the early igsues of Alghanistan. Mughal issues of India, Indian Princely Slates, Iran, Nepal and the areas under the influence of the late Ottoman Empire, which are listed by ruler or by mint ‘Stict date sequence of listings is also interrupted in a number of countries which have been subjected to major monetary relorms or conversion to decimal or other new currency systems. Where these considerations apply, appropriate headings are incorporated to iniroduce the change {rom one standard to another IDENTIFICATION The most important step ia the identifica Hion of a cain is the determination of the nation of origin. This is generally easily accomplished where English-speaking lands fare concerned. however, use of the country Index is sometimes required. The coins of Great Britain provide an interesting chat lenge. For hundreds of years the only Indication of the country of origin was in the abbreviated Latin legends. In recent times there have been occasions when there has been no incieation of origin. Only through the familiarity of the monarchical portraits, symbols and legends or indication of cUerency system are they identifiable, ‘The coins of many countries beyond the English-language reaim, such as those of French. Itaian or Spanish heritage, are also ‘quite easy to identily through reference their legends, which appear in the national languages based on Western alphabets. In many instances the name is spelled exactly the same in English as in the national language. such as France; while in other cases it varies only slightly, like Italia for Htaly. Belgique or Belgie for Belgium, Brasil lor Brazil and Danmark for Denmark, This is not always the case, however, a5 in Norge for Norway. Espana for Spain, Sverige for Sweden and Helvetia for Switzeriand "Thus it can be seen there are instances in which a little schooling in the rudiments of foreign languages can be most helpful. In general, coloniat possessions of countries using the Western alphabet are similarly identifiable as they often carry portraits of their current rulers, the familar lettering. sometimes in combination with @ compan. ‘on designation in the local language. Collectors have the greatest difficulty with coins that do not beer legends or dates in the Western systems. These inciuce coins bearing Cyrilic lettering. attributable to the Soviet lands, the Slavic states and Balkan grea. or the Amharic characters of Ethiopia. Dragons and sunbursts, along with the distinctive word characters, attribute a coin to the Oriental countries of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Tibet and their ‘companent parts. The most difficult coins to identity are those bearing only Persian or Arabic script ‘and its derivatives, found on the issues of nations stretching in a wide swath across North Africa and East Asia, trom Morocco to Indonesia, and the Indian subcontinent ccoinages which surely are more confusing, in thelr vast array of Nagari, Sanskrit ‘Ahom. Assamese and other focal dialects found’ on the focal issues of the Indian Princely States. Except for the cruder issues, it will be found that certain characteristics and symbols featured in addition to the predominant legends are typical on coins feom a given country or group of countries. The toughra monogram. for instance, ‘occurs an some of the cains of Alghanistan. Egypt, Turkey and other areas of the late Ottoman Empire. A predominant design feature on the coing of Nepal is the trident: while neighboring Tibet features. 9 lotus blossom or lion on many of their issues. To provide 3 point of beginning for collectors we suggest reference to the Index of Coin Denominations presented here and also the comprehensive Legend Abbreviation Index, where the inscription will De found listed just as it appears on the coin for nations using the Western alphabet, DATING Coin dating is the final basic attribution consideration. Here, the problem can be more difficult because the reaging of a coin date is subject not only to the vaganes of numeric styling. but to calendar variations caused by the observance of various religious eras or regal periods trom country to country, or even within 3 country. Here again, with the exception of the sphere trom North Africa through the Orient. it will be found that most countries rely on Western date numerals and Christian (AD) era reckoning, although in a few instances, coin dating has been tied to the year of a reign or government. The Vatican, for ‘example. dates its coinage according to the year of reign of the current pope. in Addition to the Cheistian-era date, Countries in the Arabic sphere generally date their coins to the Mohammedan era (AH), wnich commenced on July 16, 622 AD (ulan calendar), when ‘the prophet ‘Mohammed fled trom Mecca to Medina. AS ‘their calendar 's reckoned by the lunar year ‘of 354 days, which is about three percent (precisely 2.98%) shorter than the Chris tian year, a formula is requited to convert ‘AH dating to its Western equivalent. To convert an AK date to the approximate AD date, subtract three percent of the AH date (round to the closest whole umber) trom the AH date, then add 622, A chart for converting all AH years from 1099 (Nov. 7, 1687) to 1421 (April 6, 2000) is presented ‘on page 24 of this volume. Several different eras of reckoning, including Christian and Mohammedan (AH). hhave been used to date coins of the Indian subcontinent, The two basic systems are the Vikrama Samat (VS). which dates from Oct. 18, 58 BC, and the Saka era, the origin (of which is reckoned trom March 3, 78 AD. Dating according to both eras appears on various coins of the area Coins of Thailand (Siam) are found dated by three different eras, The most predominant is the Buddhist era (BE) which originated in 543 BC. Next is the Bangkok ‘or Ratanakosindsok (RS) era, dating from 1781 AD; followed by the Chula-Sakarat (CS) era, dating from 638 AD. The latter era ‘originated in Burma and is used on that ‘country's coins. The following table indicates the year dating for the various eras which corre: spond to 1701 in Christian calendar reckoning, but it must be remembered that there are overlaps between the eras in some instances: Christian era (AD) — 1701 Mohammedan era (AH) — AHLL13 ‘Vikrama Samvat (VS) — VS1758 ‘Saka era (SE) — SE1623 Buddhist era (BE) — BE2248 Chula-Sakarat era (CS) — CS1063 Javanese Aji Sako era (AS) — AS1629 Fosliera (FE) — FELLLL Other calendars inchide that of the Ethiopian era (EE) which commenced seven years, eight months after AD dating, and that of the Jewish people, which com> menced on Oct, 7. 3761 BC. Korea claims 3 legendary dating trom 2333 BC. which is ‘acknowledged in some ol its coin dating. ‘Some coin issues of the Indonesian area DATING 5© carry dates determined by the Javanese Aji Sake era (AS). a calendar of 354 days (100 Javanese years equals 97 Christian or Gregorian calendar years) which can be matched to AD dating by comparing it to AH dating. Coins “of Orientat_ origin - principally Japan, Korea, Ching, Turkestan and Tibet ‘and some modern goid issues of Turkey are generally dated to the year of the government, dynasty, reign or cyclic eras, with the dates indicated in Oriental Characters which usually read from right to lett in recent years, however. some dating has teen according to the Christian calendar and in Western numerals. In Japan, Oriental character dating was ‘reversed to read {rom left to right in Showa ‘year 23 (1948 AD). More detailed guides to less prevalent coin dating systems which are strietly local in nature ere presented with the appro- Briate listings. Some coins carry dates according to both locally observed and Christian eras. ‘This is particularly true in the Arabic world. where the Hejira date may be indicated in Arabic numerals and the Christian date in Western numerals, or both dates represent- edin either form. The date actually carried on a given coin | generally cataloged here in the first column (Date) to the right of the catalog number. Ifthe date s not by AD reckoning. the next column (Year) indicates the date by the conventional calendar which applies generally Christian. It an AD date appeers in fither cokimn, the AD is not necessarily indicated. Era abbreviations appearing. in the dating tabie in this section are generally shown. in conjunction with the listings of Coins dated in those eras. ates listed in either column which does not actually appear on a given coin is generally enclosed by parentheses, Undat. 2d coins are indicated by the letters ND in the date colymn and the estimated year of issue in parentheses, DATING Timing differentials between some era of eckoning particularly the 354-day Moham= medan and 365.day Christian years, cause Situations whereby coins which carry dates for both eras exist bearing two year dates from one calendar combined with a single ate trom another NUMBERING SYSTEM Many catalog numbers assigned in this volume are based on estaalished refer. ‘ences. This practice has been observed for two reasons: First, when world coins are listed chronologically ‘they are basically selhcataloging: second, there was no need to confuse collectors with totally new numeric designations where appropriate systems already existed, As lime. pro gressed we found many of these estab. lished systems incomplete and inadequate and are now replaced with aew KM numbers ‘with appropriate cross teferencing. Many of the coins fisted in this catalog are identified or cross. referenced by numbers assigned by R:S. Yeoman (Yit). oF slignt adaptations thereat, in his Modern World Coins, and Current Coins of the World. For the pre-Yeoman dated issues, the numbers assignes by Willam D. Craig (Ci) in his Coins of she World (3750-1850 period), ard edition, have generally been applied, ‘In some countries, listings are frequently cross-aterenced to Robert Friedbere’s (Frit) Gold Coins of the World or Coins of the British World. Major Frea Priamore’s (P#) studies of British cotonial coinage are also referenced trequently, as are W.H. Valentine's (Vit) raterences on the Modern Copper Cains of the Maikammadan Scates. Coins issued under the Chinese sphere of influence ace frequently assigned numbers from €. Kann’s (Kw) Ilustrated Catalog of Chinese Coins and T.K, Hsu's (Su) work of similar tile DENOMINATIONS The secand mesic consideration to b met in the attribution of 3 cain 1S. th determination of denomination. Sing denominations are usually expressed | umeric, rather than word lorm on a coi this 1s usually quite easily accomplished 0 coins trom nations which use Wester umerals. except in those instances wher Issues are devoid of any mention of fac value. and denomination must be atteioute by size, metallic composition or weigh! Coins listed in this volume are generall ilustrated in actual size. Where size | Critical to. proper attribution. the coin millimater sie is indicated, The sphere of countries stretching {ror North Africa through the Orient. on whic numeric symbols generally uniamiiar t Westerners are employed, often provid the collector with a much greater cha lenge, This 1s particularly true on nearly 2 pee: 20th Century issues. On some of th More modern issues. and increasingly $0 2 the years progress. Western style numer als, Usually presented in combination wit the local numeric system, are becomin ‘more commonplace on these coins. Determination of a coin's currenc system can also be valuable in attributin the issue {0 its country of -avigin. comprehensive alphabetical index of cu reney names, applicable to the countries a cataloged in this volume, with all individu: nations of use for each, 's presented in thi section, The included table of Standar International Numeral Systems presen Charts of the basic numeric designatior found on coins of nonWiestern origi Although denomination numerals ar generally prominently displayed on coins. must be remembered that these ar general representations 0! character which individual coin engravers may hav rendered in widely varying styles, Whe numberic or script denamnations design COIN vs, MEDAL ALIGNMENT Coins are tracitionally struck obverse and reverse abgned at rotation ot 180 degrees trom each other. When a con ishele lor vertical viewing wth the obverse design aligned uprant and the inden tnger fang thump at the top and bottom, upon fotation trom felt to right for viewing the feverse. the Yatter wile upside eown Such alignnent 1» called “com rotator Some coins are struck with the obverse and reverse designs mated on an alignment ot 2er0 oF 360 degrees. If sucha piece s held ne rotated 22 described, the reverse il appear ueright. This isthe alignment which iS generally observed in the striking of medals, ané Tor that reason coins oro duced in ths manner are farmed 10 hove Deen struck i -medal rotation". In some ‘certain coin sues have been struck to both al ment standards, cresting interesting. ot Tectibie varieties wnich wi be found noted instances, usually through error in some listings. with Medal Alignmenttion forms peculiar to @ given coin or country apply. such as the script used on some Persian (Iranien) issues. they are so Indicated or illustrated in conjunction with the appropriate stings. PHOTOGRAPHS: ‘To assist the reader in coin identitication, every etfort has been made to present actual size photographs of every coinage type listed. Obverse and reverse are ilistrated, except when a change in design is restricted to one side, and the coin has a diameter of 39mm or larger, in which case only the side, required for identification of the type is generally illustrated. Al coins up to 60mm are ilustrated actual size, to the nearly 1/2mm up to 25mm. and to the nearest Imm thereafter. Coins larger than 60mm diameter are illustrated in reduced Sze, with the actual size noted therunder. Where slight change in size is important to coin type identification, actust milimeter ‘measurements are stated MINTAGES Quantities minted of each date are indicated where that information is avail: able, generally stated in millions, rounded off to. the nearest 10,000 pieces, On Quantities of 2 few thousand or less, actual rmintages. are generally indicated, @ tact that can be determined by the presence of a comma, rather than a decimal point, in the stated figure. The following mintage conversion formulas have been observed 10,000,000 - 10.000 1,000,000 - 1.000 100,000 - 100, 10,000 - 010 9,999 -9,999 1.000 - 1.000 £842 - 842 pes. (Pieces) 27-27 pes. The abbreviation “Inc. Ab." or “1A” means Included Above, while the abbrevia - tion “Inc. Be." of “18.” means Included Below. An “*" isting beside a mintage figure Indicates the number given is an estimate ‘or mintage limit. MINT AND PRIVY MARKS ‘The presence of distinctive, but frequent ly inconspicuously placed, mint marks indicates the mint of issue for many of the Coins listed in this catalog. An appropriate designation in the date listings notes the presence, it any, of a mint mark on 2 particular coin. type by incorporating the letter or letters of the mint mark adjoining the date, e., 17500 or 1727 The presence of mint and/or mintmas- ter’s privy marks on a coin in non-letter form is indicated by by incorporating the ‘mint letter in iower case within parentheses adjoining the date: ie, 1727 (a). The corresponding mark’ illustrated or ‘dentified in the introduction of the country. AA listing format oy mints of issue nas been adopted for some countries including France, Germany, Spain and Mexico = ta allow for a more logical arrangement, In these instances, the name fof the mint and its mint mark letter or letters is presented at the beginning of each Where listings incorporate mintmaster initials, they are always presented in capital letters separated from the date: L¢., 1850 (MF. The different mint mark and mintmas- ter letters found on the coins of any country, state or city of issue are always shown at the beginning of stings, METALS At the beginning of each date listing, the metatic composition of each coin denomin- ation is listed, and thereafter, whenever 2 change in metal occurs. The traditional Coinage metals and their symbotic chemical abbreviations Used in this catalog are, Platinum - (PT) Copper - (Cu) Gold - (Au) Sliver - (Ag) Bilon - Lead - (PD) inc - (2n) Tin - (Sa) Bronze (Ae) During the 18th Century, most of the world’s coins were struck of copper or bronze, siver and gold. PRECIOUS METAL WEIGHTS Listings of weight. fineness and actual siiver (ASW), gold (AGW), platinum or palladium (APW) content of mest machine Struck silver, gold, platinum and palladium coins are provided in this edition. These designations will be found incorporated in the listings immediately beneath illustra UUons or in conjunction with type changes wherever these factors could be determined. “The ASW, AGW ond APW figures were determined by multiplying the gross weight of @ given coin by its known or tested fineness and converting the resulting gram fr grain waight to troy ounces, rounded to the nearest ten-thousancth of an ounce. A silver coin with a 24.25 gram weight and 875 fineness. tor example, would have a fine weight ‘of approumately 21.2188 grams, oF 2.6822 ASW, a factor that can be Used to accurately determine the intrinsic value for multiple examples The ASW, AGW or APW figure can be multiplied by the spot price of each precious metal to determine the current Intrinsic value of any coin accompanied by these designations. OFF-METAL STRIKES The term generally applies to error ‘coinage issues struck in other than their officially authorized compositions. For cataloging purposes it only includes many of the special or presentation pieces reduced which are now included along. wih tne patterns under the same heading, tors of Germanic coinage ar famitor wih the tere “Absehing oftmetal strikes, Closely related are “trial strikes,” the first coins or uniface impressions produced from new set of dies, often in softer metals other than that used for normal circulation. WEIGHTS AND FINENESSES Goin weights are indicated in grams (abbreviated “") along with fineness where the information is of valve in differentiating between types, These weights are based on 31.103 grams per troy (scientific) ounce. as ‘opposed to the avoirdupois (commercial) standard of 28.35 grams. Actual coin ‘weights are gonerally shown in hundredths or thousandths of a gram: 12, 500 SILVER. 2928 s the silver and gold bullion markets have advanced and declined sharply in recent years, the fineness and total fine precious metal content of coins has become especially significant where bullion coins - issues which trade on the basis of tmeir intrinsic metallic content rather than snumismatic valve - are concerned. In many instances. such issues have become worth more in bullion form than their normal collector values or denominations indicate. Establishing the weight of a coin can also be valuable for determining its denomina- tion. Actual weight is also necessary to ascertain the specific gravity of the coin’s ‘metallic content, ah important factor in determining authenticity, ‘TROY WEIGHT STANDARDS 24 Grains . 1 Pennyweight 480 Grains » 1 Ounce 31.103 Grams - 1 Ounce UNIFORM WEIGHTS 15.432 Grains = 1 Gram 0.0648 Gram = ? Grain AVOIRDUPOIS STANDARDS. 27-11/32Grains « | Dram 437-12 Grains = 1 Ounce 28.350 Grams - 1 Ounce MEDALLIC ISSUES Medallc issues are segregated following the regular issue listings. Grouped there are coin-type issues which can generally be identitied as commemaratives produced to the country’s established comage stan dards but without the usual indicator of denomination. These pieces may or may not feature designs adapted from the country's regular issue or commemorative coinage, and may or may not have been ‘Issued in conjunction with related coinage sssues, TOKEN COINAGE At times local economic conditions have forced regular comage trom circulation or found mints unable to cope with the demand for coinage, giving rise to privately- issued token coinage substitutes. British tokens of the late 1700s are examples of such tokens being freely accepted in monetary transactions over wide areas. Tokens were likewise introduced to satisty specific. restricted needs, such as leper colony issues. This catalog includes introductory or etailed listings with “Tn” prefixes of many token coinage issues, particularly those which enjoyed wide circulation and where the series was limited in diversity. More complex series, and those more restricted TOKEN COINAGE 790 in scope of circulation are generally not TOKEN COINAGE Hsted, although 2 representative sample may be ilustrated and reference provided to more specialized catalogs, VALUATIONS Values quoted in this catalog represent the current market and are compiled from recommendations provided and. verilied Uhrough various source documents. and specialized consultants. It should 60 howover, that thle book Is to serve oniy as an ald for evaluating ecins, actual market conditions constantly changing and additional Influences, such as particulary strong local demand for certain coin series, fluctuation of international exchange rates and world: wide collecting patterns must also be considered. Publication of this catalog is not intended as a solicitation by the publisher, editors or contributors to buy or sell the listed coins at the prices indicated. All valuations are stated in U.S. datiars, based on careful assessment of the varied international money market. Valuations tor Coins priced below $1,000.00 are generally slated in full amounts -i.e. 37.50 or 950.00 ‘while valuations at or above that figure are Founded of in even dollars -.c.. $1250.00 is oxprested as 1250. A comma is added to indicate tens of thousands of dollars in value. For the convenience of overseas collec tors and for U'S. collectors doing business with overseas dealers, the base exchange rate for the national currencies of approx imately 180 countries are presented in the foreign exchange table. It should be rioted that when particularly ‘select umcirculated or proof-like examples ‘of uncirculated coins become avallable, they can be expected to command proportionately high premiums. Such examples in reference to choice Germanic ‘Thalers are referred to as “erst schiage” or first strikes. TRADE COINS From approximately 1750-1940, 3 umber of nations, particularly European colonia powers and. commercial traders, minted trade coins to facilitate commerce with local populace of Arica, the Arab countries. the Indian sub-continent, South east Asia and the Far East. Such coins ‘generally circulated at 2 value based on the ‘weight and fineness of their siver or gold Content, rather than their stated denomina- tion, Examples include the silver tra dollars of Great Britain. Japan and United States, the Spanish Colonial reales. a very Successtu! world trade cc being very popuier in the orient right in the 20th century, the gold ducat issues Austria, Hungary and the Netherlands, a the Maria Theresa talers of Austria, anoth fof the world's most successful trade co esoecially in Africa and the Middle Ea Trade coinage willbe found listed at the e of the domestic issues. RESTRIKES, COUNTERFEITS Deceptive restrike and counterfeit (bo contemporary and modern) examples ex of some coin issues. Where possible, t ‘exsstence of restrikes is noted. Warnin are also incorporated in instances whe particularly deceptive counterfeits. 2 known to exist. Collectors who 2 uncertain about the authenticity of a c held in their collection, or being offered | ‘sale, should take the precaution of havin ‘authenticated by the American Numisms Association Certification Service. 818 Cascade, Colorado Sorings, CO B09 Their reasonably-priced certification tes are widely accepted by collectors a dealers allke NUMISMATIC SOCIETIES A great many numismatic organizations exist today. They offer thair members a wide variety of services and benefits. Foremost am. these are thew publications which present information often previously unpublished, Many sponsor major educational programs at l conventions. maintain extensive libraries. and prepare regular auctions for their membership. Assistance with research is an import halimark of Some societies. Locating other collestors with similar interests may also be ‘achieved through membership in such grou Listed here are some of the national and international organizations and societies active at this time: American Numismatic Association P.O. Box 2366 Colorado Springs. Colorado, 80901, Usa American Numismatic Society Broadway at 155th Streot New York. New York 10032. U.S.A Atociacion Numigmatica Espanola Gran via delas Corts Catalanes, 627, pra, ioe 08010 Barcelona, Spain ‘Conadian Numicmatic Association Box 225 Barrie, Ontario, Canada LAM 472 Clube Numismatic De Portugal Rua Angelina Vidal, 40 1100 Lisbon - Portugal Commission internationale Numismatique (6.48) Rutimeyer Strasse 12 CH-4084 Basel Switzerlana Doutsche Numismatische Goselischart Dr. R Albert Ehrend Lenarsir. 17, 6720 Speyer. Germany La Societe Americaine Pour L'Etude De La Numismatique Francaise 53140 East Boulevard N W. Canton. Ohio 44718, USA Lithuanian Numismatic Association (The Knight) $0 Boxel2 Columbia, Maryland 21045, U.S.A Malaysia Nunmismatte Socloty Brox 12367 Kaa Lumpur, 50776 Mainys Nordisk Numis Union gi Mont -0 Medaillesamiing National Musset Kopenhagen. Denmark Numismatic Assoclation of Australia ‘Gor 19208 GPO Melbourne Vitoria 3001, Australia Numismatic Assocation of Thailand Royal Mint 11817 Pragipat Road Bangkok, Thailand Numismatics international P.0. Box 670013, Dallas. Texas 75367, U.S.A Numismatic Society of India 0. Hindu University Varanasi Ingia 221-005 Numismatischer Verein Zurich Posttach 4534 8022 Zurich, Switzeriand Oriental Numismatic Society 30 Warren Road Woodley. Reading, Berks. United Kingdom RES 3AR ‘American Section P.O. Box 356 New Hope. Pennsylvania 18938, USA Roya! Numiamatle Soe ‘Dept. Coins /Medals ~ British Museum tendon. Erelona wc1e 306 al NumiamaticSoclety of ew Zealand % G0 Bon 2023, Welington. New Zeaiand Russln Nurlematle Sock P.O. Box 3013 ey Bistandta, Virginie 22302, U.S.A Sociedade Portuguesa be ‘Numismatica ua De Costa Cabral, 664 4200 Porto, Portugal Soclete Royale do Numitmatique igique Ave, Leopold 288 1330 Rixensart, Belgium South African Numismatic Society P.O. Box 1689 ‘Cape Town 8000, South Africa Turkish Numismatic Society PK. 258 Osmenbey Istanbul, Turkey Verband Der Doutschen Munzvereine “(Association of German Numismatic Societies) Reisenbergstr 588 '8000 Munich 60, GermanyCOUNTRY INDEX 8 sentrs z a fl Sees a ee Serres g eo = 2 fee 2 ee z Eee eg ea = 3 re 2 a ——- = aes s ares 3 ann z ee Sco 2 Sores = Pe oe Si a Eas z See ra = ee 2 oor = Stoo 3 Sens a = = i Seaae =e Seve —— f ate é a = 8 en Boe a a Beane anes (Spans Local Baroere (Ger St, Baneos (erga! Pros Sonares (Berga! Pres Betevon Reuter (desi. Batowan Regubee (Netnerands aaa = ors = sere dis Z ieee mt ee g es & ee a Sees ig Be gas as 2 See 2 Becer Vecanburg Mheca (Ge. 81), zt Ss # erences ® etme = eee = Ee @ Ean = oa = aes 3 ns = Sari it sane wr, ‘ 2 noon 8) 8 Bord uti Woks Ghj oT coat vero (oh) 3 ie Seen (oe 30) a Bohema tnt 80) = 2 fra = un Satan i ih Beecnen (con Pol City Sse. 36 Enea Getwan ropa cay su). os Senay roe coats Damas (nda Porque) Bamao (nas Porapuer) Bane (Oenmar na Danan ann Company (German = Bansh Ass Company (Greenland = Danan Ase: Compiny Gs Darah ‘anh Eat nea Company (Denman) Danan East ince: Company na ‘oman : eu Donan di sie Danan Rayai Csiny ina Sans) aia ers ‘Danan west nae ts ‘Bana (Danmar. 186 ‘Danae Ostndah Compaen (Gear Is ‘Dansk Westman (Doaah Wes nae) 1s ‘anny (Pars) a ata PS) 555 Dayan ance i Be’ Sarin et Droye (Sw Canton oor Deoworn ie Deventer etneinds rs Dropur OPS) 06 Betsonaten (ust $1) = Det (oer St ae Bronte ey) (Goes Canto ine a tndaPoreese. Bonin (Ger 5 Doestus Gene (Nelnwianas. Butch nas. E ft Fietand (Gar 51) as Ett indo Company (adie res “rsa Os. 623 east Pris tn a {ger lott St GI Ent 155 earned (Ger. St) Pg Enea (cart ir sar fee anion. 506 fee rea or Eves (vlad) or hong (oo. 3 lvargen (Gr. 8) 2s Eman (Gar ie Emeate et Suthar (van Turkestan Bee Emre, Crit (voce) es Ergun Gras Bron) 3 boc (Gar 8) 29 nur (Gert). 9 Exouna (Cpa fr Essen (Ger 5) 28 Serato Dererary (Guy) 310 ‘star an) ae etemany (aut. St). a Eat Fanta (rare 10 ruse Wa Si, os? F nye a vit, Cherbourg (ance) 198 Fagnale (Gaps. ic Fane (Woican Pagat Ei Site) 362 Firathabos (1 oe COUNTRY INDEX 9COUNTRY INDEX 19 F Ferma (vaian Papa Cy Stat) Ferrara (atean Papal Ci Site. lpnas (Pripoaes) Faznigen (Swi, Conor Fatgn vatean Papa Cay Sie). Flan (Cnnee Prove) ‘ood Suppy Ofce (Korea) Fort Marto nconens) Francane Repuoiqie (once) Franconion Gre ei $0), Frastort (Ger St) Frarascner toes (Gar 31), Fraoure (Sms Conon). Freturg im Bresgns (Ger 8). Fresing (er St) BBSERe Eves ETzERSEE Feed Catone. French in as Fresh States 00 Freyoure omss Canin Sos rr a = Fru (Seas Canton). : Frieoperg (er 8) oo fiesand (etherand. 7 Fr 'Netneanas). mm Fogger (Ger 31), Eg Flan (hinee Province) 138, 199 Faten {Cnnese Prownee) 130" 138, 138 aaa (Ger St 307 Futgne Gatean Papal City Site. oe Fartonberg (Ge. $9) at Furtenberg surgi (Gx i). he TarstenbergStnengen (Ger) Ett furver hina (Ger 80) uz Feigne (atcan Sapa 6 Sites ee 6 ona (5) we Soetenre i 500 Sater (Reman, 829 Gales 6 Uodomens (Pa) 19 See 5) 556 Sedernstoberg ee St) a3 ‘Sicetand (idotess) os ‘aleoand (etre) ne ‘enerat Mistry Orc (ores) ne ‘Geneva (Sms Camry), 7 ‘Semon oe 3t) a ‘en (Crglon) toe Senuensi Reubbicy thal i. oe (eorgo (sson Caves) 800 ‘Sermon Steen, foe a ite 220 (Sea na Portus eae ‘Gon Coast (Gran) oo Sova that St. oes Geral a i). cn 3 err (val St) os Gest (Ger 3). 3 rest Benn Sronacs 2 Groningen 36d Orland aerionds) zh ronan (Greetand Soe Srasatune 305 Ganeaone (Chinese Proves ie. ang (Eines Prone) Bs Seastaa (hal St}. oes totems Sos Gata vein Paps City Sti 508 Sato (crinese Province). Sie 86 Sorat di 339 Sayano, si0 Seaton G3 : 37 4 asin Towra Mary Oftce (ore) 130 Maiorabod (3) = $00 ate 510 Hatensiin (Swiss Caio. 310 ta (eer 34). ON as Hat Sm Kosher (Ger 8) as Hal Swabia (Gar St). - as omburg (Gert) Fi Namayong Proven’ ice Wares} a am fer $0) sa Manoa er 803. aa Hannu emenvere Gat 3. 3a Hanou Manzenberg (Ger. 81) Ea} Harel (S). Sie foray (etmopi sega 160 Hebe: (Chase Brave. 5013s, 88 Netoronn (Ger St), : 2a Hevea (Sarg) oI ae Hotta Repuie (owed) 326 ena Chiese Repu) enrebere (Gar St Nenevergtmenas (Ger $5 ' ‘eee Catre(oar, St), Nets Darmtaet Gert). eae Homaurg (Ger St). Hessen Kasse (Ger 8) Berna. Grelaa. ‘Nocona (oer 8 Wit taper CS). Fapantrm (S06) Hdperot (ot Hadas Pantaton (ora). Hovenate ee st) ens (Ge SH) ‘phenore Sorento Peeters (er overice gegen Ger St) 339 Hovenane wrenbere (Ge. St) 338 Monenione-Langerbrg (Ger). E Nonenlone NevemsteirOchiger (Ger 30) 209 ohesisbe sensei Webern (oe so aa obese Peseitach (Ger Si), at Heenlohe Widenour ching (Ger st) Ey HobenslernWechingon (Ge $1) 3a Helens (ot). Hols Qasoresi} Hola (Wstnerancs Holanasa (astern) Folste-slucasburg (Denar. Holstem Gators (Bena) Heliten Norse (Oenmar. Hotstem-een (Denar. Honan (hiness Proved. . Hone (cose Brame. sang (Chess Prove) ry a Boe tchnese Board of evens) ie 18d Bo (nove Bas of Revenue) ue tine (Carers Proc) ‘6.138 Diana (Chnere Prove) ie shang st Hpen (Chase Brome ‘30. Ibe Hiraeghae Provnon Once Kore. 731 Bydornaa is) 0 Hyderabed Feveataries GS) eo Ira ani Inga French trom Pores Inga rtogers ‘nga. Broa Ineo. ngepeedent Kingdom Inga. Muga Emote Inn Enea. leaan Princely Sites Innes. Inaore 3), Indore Feudston 8) Inner" @roen (epee, uns) as ‘ioe of Sumatra (drei eas 5h roma ube) 3 (outtus an Reane 751 se ot Man oa tay (Gee 8) Se alan Sater ' eo 4 Jalonaou 0X). - 533 Sipe (5) a ‘apo Feud’ State 03 ‘sr a3) ar Same Gok 359 Snir and G8), 605, ey 508 ‘tea none oN ae Sever (Gee St) se Song (Crineze Province) 26 dang (ernese Prowace) Bs. 3p 05) Bs Shper 8) ' os oahu Feasairy GPs) rd ‘oicebere (Ger 8) a SS, K Kaenar (14. os eerong Towns itary Oca ‘were a aat 8) ‘Sige (8) Fon WPS) Nong Tg, Kangwon'Proneet Gites (eres) ovasogh (fuss Covease) ovat CFS) ‘eal nena Mammarse (eens) ovioewen (Ser 9) autoran (Go 84) egan tye) enpien (Gor how UPS) hevonule ise (ius St) arg toe (Ohmese Province) Wargs00 (Chere Proves) Nangsee (chinese Proves). angst (chinese Prove. angi (hese Provace, anger of Orvgsen (Hep angom ot Ramones Ckepe Kiedom of Rapes a 5 ‘ing ot Paton eps! ey (aus St) enterg (Ger. 313. ‘ivargse GP). ewe (Ger 80) ean (8) enge A Door (Oonish West ides) Kenge A Danmar (Ganon). Rengerget Garman (Burman Rengueck Ger St) KongogsHothetes (Ga S¢) hese (cert) oten 03) ratow (Pla. ‘im then) echo 3) kere 9) woten oP) wang Jo township inary Oiice eared oworgsts (Chinese Province ‘ange [chinese Promnce) Kantlurg (ehneae rownce) [veichom (Chinese Pronnee) Krona Miva Staton (oes) Krona! Prevncal Ofos (noes) ‘yerusorg tan Naval Base oe fvongsong Nara Staton (Korea) Kyengsorg Provneal Oar haves. Kroneneng Mgnt Noval Bove Chore) 0 L Lada 9). eae er i {Seong Ger. $1). tet‘ Us Eien et Coma.” Cason’ ance) Uetewe Lesage et Com, Pos raeo ronbee (Lononboig Sewn Gert). teeh eae Bet Ustia can Ugure epoca Gia i) Ufo Repadae thas Stoo te rene St) tnou (Gor St) Lope benno (aer 5 {Pkt Lion a tone & tates (uslan Bais) tere ta 33 tbo hut Usokemte Strate (st 8, trae teri roe 31 {enema ierten- Racha (Ger a i owen arcs ena Rocyetor (Get 3 Lowers Werieenenebare tee so cakes ae" 3t thes tra 8) teat 3 teen tot 8 : tern wan Caio’ Loar oe Uineerg (or i neon ten wa Caio Maas ethan)Macorata (Yanean Papal City State) Moe Bes. nia Seiten) Maca | Mresrest eiberands Magy Conga. Mabe (ea Frenen) ate (Ger st). Mojred(Gpanch Loa Malar Coast (Bombay Pes nda ‘eta nays oie in Male Kets. Nata, Grser at Mrs 0 Marstels (Geri). ManatlaSorates (cer St) Morstelstsieben (Ge St) Manto ta $1) Montes (ta st). Nocona Conteseracy (i). Norge (Moraceo), Nona. Wonaearara (ial $0). Nareachustts (USA) Nota (acem Fe! es) Wate (vauean Pept City Baie venus and Reumoo Meciserburgchware (Gat 81). MecnerborgSirees (Ger St) Memomngon (Ger 51) Mesopotamia tae) Mewar WPS) Ian i St) tatary Traneng Command Hina of borense wore) nary ot Industry (Korea) Mogens (ta St) Maavatataene Garona) Monaco” Menno’ Be Coniance’ (ance. Momrron Fever, Pos (France). Monraye Surgence (Pranee) Nonte (vattan Pape Cy Site. Nonort ust. S, Nenvot (Gert) Nerate Caters (Ger 81) Wen (Sse. Canten. Marevaabad (egal Bie, © ini orth) shoes i t. : yam Nose. wise (3) haus (Spann Netnetnts. Nios "Sy cra St) Napetena Rentice (a BD snos orjomett (5) tt aera (9) Nasas (er) Most Det (Ger 30), Nass wesburg (Ger Si) Natont Delos Saran (hore) Mavanaga C3) Nnave (pana toca Noworapar 8) Naya (0) Maton Bemorivea ia 81) Nespatanepae (8a St). Nederarden(hetrerancs Neseraratn te Caen. Negerargve Aden (Netoeonds “ete * sot etatnes (hit St. Netnreds fast noes Gncomeni) Neterandt Unted eas tne Compa ‘Coy. Neinesands West ides etheinds “isses) . event Swiss Cio Now Homoshe SA) few Jeney (USA) New You USA) Ngayen eageom, Seth Dei Wet (Gtinon amar Mimegen (eats). 97 Moan spay Norge Goro North Do Wet Geir Anam Nertn Homayeng Prov Otic (ores) Neorea Nottaeinnal ise” 83 Nugnbere (Ger 810 a ° Opersessen (Ge. S12 beaten (Sse Caio. SGesterich causa) Orsterscnache (esti) ‘ieentrg (Ge 81) Smuts ust St) eae ier Sitar fa 8). (rerna (F). tsar of ata, reso 8 St). : (rae nesenbere (asi St) Senobuca ers St) Grtercieh (astra). ‘Semin user) and 26" ‘fomans) ingen (Ge. 8). ‘StingenGticgen (Ger St Sirgen Saber a uh is erie! (hatred ‘reryasel indore) ‘reyes Pp Byongae Broun Ofien (Kes) Baer st 80) neon adeborn er. St rare (3) ‘op! iy Sates acon Pape Stes (orca) on Pane, Boyer fren. = Porm GOL 1) nnn Parabgar cP). Feahnepan sie ia 8) Pomou toe 31 = Patan thepode Pata O73) zs Pe vong (eine Bronce Poung hohe Penang (aya = Eros (scan Pa iy Sh Fete ten Panna a Pavano (Pe Eras cas Pi ity Sa) x) rae foun 3 - Pie Sraeniea Bian Gr 6. Pale Ghar Prt (SU) late Retorg (Ger. 50) Sate er, Pres = Focens ial 8) Presmort repubi Gi Si) Prenontrse Rebs a 8) Plombine (hal 0. Pio a St) Pocama Wi Si) Phas Tega £9) Powe = Poste (eins) Posh Pour. Pomaran Ger i : Popayan {Clomtion Province) Fores (ta $0) Fortuna ora Portus Reps (ora Portuguere India (naa Paraquat) Fortpues no ang Potter Bas trance) Protease). Freusren (Pans (er 8. Prine ct Wois und yi room! Comags nna) ross (Ge. 31) ronan Goiseland (etherian Pru Penang tay. Fron er 313 ‘Quectinoure (Ger. $1. 209 = ne ” R Raguns (Croat). as Rangpur (i) Bee Ratsbon (Ger) aio ators FS) : ne Ravenna (Vatican Papal iy Sat) 396, eae Pres O01 Steno oe Reem (Sem) tos Regensburg (Ger) a0 Regence Free ity (Ger 81) ue Fea (hal 1). ere Pechenoutamine Guts nin) Sie Repubaccs amontese (0 $0) ore Repubotca Romana (vacen Papa Ciy State. oo Repub’ of Chia te Repubues Popuats om iiomaa} see Reteprs ta. St) ere Feuse (Get. 31) 7 vss tbersdod (Ser 81) ay Rever-Cers (ear St) a6 Rest tebersten (Ger 3t) a fuss Obergres (Ger_St) as Fevss Sova (Ge? St) ae a sis Bhenpias (Ser St) as Rhevsh Poistnote Ger 81) Sse ‘ice ana Cloth Deparment (Ror) ” Btoerg(Ger'S0) 4 Iga (oni) 26 farina’ (ik a8 aman Repubts (istean Papal Cy sit) * 82 aman, re Romane (Romans) 7 89 Romanior (Ramana 829 Ronegione (vanean Papal Giy Sine oe Rostock (Ger St) 2 Romerburg (Ge. St). cn ae Rossietmgce 830 Rasnon Baer cd Fone Coveou eo Fontan Toren : 6 Raechootpota Pola (and ate s Sacnaan (Gee. 5. fence 487 Stenson Covare Saad (Ge 8, oa ScehsenSothesenbure (Ger St) mg Stenson gberghousn (Ger 8) Snensen Menger (Get 5). Sschson Wear Ezanach (Geri). 3 Shin Aban (Gor St}rncens nnn 428 Sant Cron, = oe Sb Eosais oars ais. m7 Sant Gal bey) Saat Gat (Gr) ee Snot Gal (Sums Conon. Stine Gate (Swe Comoro Snes helena Acerton Stow tac, Some nidorsronsen (Ger), Stee Menngen (Ger 51) See 32 Sour Ssatete (Ger 81) pel Sore momar (Ger 51). aa Ga Shteieenartenaen (Gar 8) She Weavertes (Ger St) Sotory Ge" St) Sipe antrenen (Gar 3) Sefomein (Ruslan Caveat} Seraumburgtessen (Gest) : SchaumbureLippe (Ge 8) Seheswigtlsten Derma) SehanwgHotsen Poon (Oonmarid| Semen dust $1) Sermanalger (Ger. 6) Sehanou (Ge St) Scimobes tat (Gor St) Schmertburg Rosastast (Gert Sehnarcou sonaestausen (Ges St) Sehmorcennerg (Gor), Sohmyte (Gmat Canin) Senne Gone cant. Senda pan Prev Seoa! charty ote (Korea) Steal Baton For (hore) COUNTRY INDEX ]]COUNTRY INDEX 17 s roars (oes Prove. Sion Drone tenay ‘Stanorg (Chines Prone Staa Canese Brenna Shonurg Chern roms) Sha ses Proce) Stora fenmese orcs} Som chan Sera thay 32h (nies Provacy ety ta 30) Sa tone Biers Leone Cerny irs eon) Siempre (i). Sous teer 8 EexS nuiombe iGo. Seems ers) Seite ene Presa Sheeton (ibe Sruensor fer 31) Sito tae anton Sine C0) Sete tees Cai Sin tGer St) Sains Aascn (Get) Sstocomens (Suse Caio) Sign tose Crt Ser (ta 3 Sra er tensed) EEO Reson Prove See ‘tore. sans Sou Pras Goan Soveregn sry cero ais Soar * Saeed ite Seto Nera Speci Ary i there. Soe Sao arco Pap! iy ii ‘Shatin cnc Pap Soy Ste. Seems Gat 8.0 Sates (Ge 3) ‘Steg Soren (Ge 3. Sto ones (er 8) : erg weap Gude (ui) Eset Mente suru ston Gar 8) ‘Shashour anc, ‘Shouaurg rane) Supe epic i 3t) ‘Sctsoia Cone Coto Sten Cewad Cator Smawa sand of norms. Simon Sate Bea “own ry Grice oreo Cash issuer ” sree ede Sees Vl (Seder. Stamere Guiza esi Src Ge 3 Sete casios skeen 2 Smreeoa Gis anion), Fn Sire rah ‘Syreane yi Stechuan tinese Prone) T Toravong Naval OMe (res. {ton (Chnere Powe) Taore On) Tons ano Thun Ge i) Tescnerry Gamay Prescot» di ‘eo ern (lan Papa Cay Sate) (eat Thaw (Patna) Tn ara Tats (Ger 3). Tharcens Sais €onion) Ther Tieernae nie Gaston Tnereny (ic : Tels (orton wep ane Tot (stan Papa Gay Stata. Tobago isda ‘and Tago) Tongreng Nova Otte (Korea). Tone (aaush vagn Mond. Tovrea (eetaom. Town ef te Cap fii ‘Tiaeclum a Wotam Giiberands). Trawctom (Wether) Tronquebor Crd Samah) Trani (etre) Tarspadane Reavis fa) 81) Tavyvan ‘rastson (ui 3, Travanceee (95) Treaury Seporen ras. Tromonenas (Gee 5) Trenaanu (ys). Trent tat St) Tages (wis Casio). Tapum (Sis Canton Tone tsa) Tina Tiss Tu Tnsie (Tomas. Tae (Swe Conon Taney. Tanye Cumin aay) Tuscany al St) win Abbeys ("5 ‘Tow Seer (tat St) u un (Gee sty Unitas fos ina Conipany Gi atch United East nos Company Undeoess) Lutes Kingdom (Great Bran) Utes Sate United States orca dimer (Lowe) Gre Umerseces (mas Canin ‘rane (Sree Carton). tor aguents (Ge St Sr guee Canton ° vet Gade ‘echt eterna. i, ais oF BS: ‘st oe 352 oa $ age 83) arama ngs) visto t's) {tenn Papal Gy Siler ‘ateen papal states eneta (at St) ‘ene a. St) Venice (ast) : wren. S1) Vermont (USA) enna (st St) Wetman Anare Minyarogar ieroo fatean Papal iy State Vorceotstarech (Purther Austra) Gar) VOC" Vetderige Gostinache ‘Compaen (ated E> w alae Gar st were Soren tia 3) toma tor 3) verse ec Ge”) West rseuad (dose) West Fang (Nether West Fags here. West nes (etna ies). Weomomes a 8) Wao (3) Wen gwen st 8 Wcoowrat Gust St oor mands Snowe 3) ers Town wy Bic es) Worms (Ger, St}. Wormerbere (er $i) ontreerg. See eu 8) vragen 8 nang (Chinese Province. Yanaon (ini ranch) {ies Bateres (Soa Loca). Yonnan (Chinese Proves. Zrland done). Raton fous care.STANDARD INTERNATIONAL GRADING TERMINOLOGY AND ABBREVIATIONS PROOF | UNCIRCULATED | EXTREMELY | VERYFINE] FINE | VERY [GOOD POOR FINE Goon U.S. and ENGLISH SPEAKING LANDS | PRE unc | eForxr | ve F ve |G PR BRAZIL = (rocorre [13S mac [ec _[@BoR|R UT Ges DENMARK M 0 o1 1 1 i (2 3 FINLAND. 00 0 OL Te 1 m (|2 3 FRANCE *B FDC. ‘SUP TB Te (8 TEC BC Fantrusi__| revi de coin Superte ‘ésttsveau | Tres beau | Beau | tes len Conserée | Bien Conserve GERMANY PP USTGL TWZGL WSS WS |VISBE. |WGe. Poleneplate | Stempeigtne Vorsigicn | Senrsenén | sendin | Seorast | oringertattn Eman TTALY FS FDC ‘SPL BB we |B M — Fondo Specchio | Fit di Cong Splencido | eissimo | Moto Belo} Bolo JAPAN = AH eee [ee za |[— [= — NETHERLANDS FDC. Pr, Zi Fr. Ze (6 = Fede Coin Prachtig Zeertrasi__| Fraai__| Zeer goes 0 01 Lt 1 i= [2 3 PORTUGAL = ‘Soberba Bela MBC BC__[MREG [REG MC EBC MC OL CONDITIONS /GRADING Wherever possible, coin valuations are ven in four grades of preservation. The following standards have been observed to Provide continuity in grouping grade ranges fn this catalog. However, because they can- ‘ot be universally applied, appropriate vari ations have been incorporated and noted: 1) Good. Very Good, Fine and Very Fine - used for crude “dump” or similar issues: 2) Very Good, Very Fine and Extremely Fine - used for early machine-minted issues of Europe (early 1800s). Latin America (up to ‘he mid-1800s), the present. Listings in Vinee grades of preservation will also be found, usualy in cases of modern issues, There are almost no grading guides for world coins. What follows is an attempt to help bridge that gap until a detailed, ilus- ‘rated guide becomes available. In grading world coins, there are two ele- iments to look for: 1) Overall wear, and 2) loss of design details, such as strands of hair, feathers on eagles. designs on coats of arms, et. The age, rarity or type of a coin should ‘not be a consideration in grading. Grade each coin by the weaker of the two sides. This method appears to give results most nearly consistent with conservative American Numismatic Association stan- dards tor U.S. coins. Spit grades, e.. F/VF for obverse and reverse, respectively, ore ‘normally no more than one grade apart. It the two sides are more than one grade ‘apart, the series of coins probably wears. ‘iferently on each side and should then be ‘graded by the weaker side alone. Grade by the amount of overall wear and loss of detail evident in the main design on ach side. On coins with a moderately small esign element which is prone to early \wear, grade by that design alone. For exam- ple, the 5-ore (KM#554) of Sweden has a {roun above the monogram on which the bbeads on the arches show weer most leary. So, grade by the crown alone. For Uncirculated (Unc.) grades there will beno visible signs of wear or handling. even under a 30-power microscope. Bag marks ‘may be present. For Almost Uncirculated (AU), all detail will be visible. There will be wear only on the highest point of the coin, There will often be half or more of the original mint luster resent ‘On the Extremely Fine (XF or EF) coin, there will be about 95% of the original elail visible. Or, on 2 coin with 2 design with no inner detail to wear down, there will, be a light wear over nearly all the coin. Ita ‘small design is used as the grading area, about 90% of the onginal detail will be visible, This latter rule stems from the logic ‘that a smaller amount of detail needs to be present bacause a small area is being used ‘to grade the whole coin. “The Very Fine (VF) coin will have about 75% of the originat detail visible, Or. on 2 coin with no inner cetail, there will be moderate wear over the entire coin. Cor- ners of letters and numbers may be weak. A small grading area will have about 66% of the original detail For Fine (F), there will be about 50% of the original detail visible. Or, on a coin with no inner detail, there will be fairly heavy wear over all of the coin. Sides of letters will bbe weak. A typically uncleaned coin will ‘often appear as dirty or dull. A small gra- ing area will have just under 50% of the original detail On the Very Good (VG) coin, there will be about 25% of the original detail visible. ‘There will be heavy wear on all ofthe coin. The Good (G) coin’s design will be clearly ‘outlined but with substantial wear. Some of the larger detail may be visible. The rim may have a few weak spots of wear. On the About Good (AG) coin, there will typically be only a silhouette of 2 large ‘design. The rim wil be worn down into the letters i any. Strong or weak strikes, partially weak strikes, damage, corrosion, attractive or Uunattractive toning. dipping or cleaning should be described along with the above ‘grades. These factors affect the quality of the coin just as do wear and loss of d In the case of countermarked /counter- stamped coins, the condition of the host coin will have a bearing on the end valua- tion. The important factor in determining. the grade is the condition, clarity and com- lateness of the countermark itself. This is. In reference to countermarks /counter- ‘stamps having a raised design while being struck in a depression. Ineuse countermarks cannot be graded for wear. They are graded by the clarity and completeness including the condition of the host coin which will aso have more bearing, ‘n the final grade /valuation determined. COUNTERMARKS/ COUNTERSTAMPS, There is some confusion among collec- tors over the terms “countermark” and “counterstamp” when applied to a coin bearing an additional mark or change of design and/or denomination. To clarify. 3 countermark might be considered similar to the “hall mark” applied to a piece of silverware, by which 2 Silversmith assured the quality of the piece. In the same way. a countermark assures the quality of the coin on which its placed, as, for example, when the royal crown of England was countermarked (ounched into) ‘on segmented Spanish reales, allowing them to circulate in commerce in the British West Indies. An additional counter- ‘mark indicating the new denomination may also be encountered on these coins. Countermarks are generally applied singuiarly and in most cases indiscriminate- ly onelther side of the “host” coin, Counterstamped coins are more exten: sively altered. The counterstamping is done with a set of dies, rather than a hand punch. The coin being counterstamped is placed between the new dies and struck as Wit were a blank planchet as found with the Manila 8 reales issue of the Philippines. A ‘more unusual application Is where the counterstamp dies are smaller than the host coin, INTERNATIONAL GRADING 13FOREIGN EXCHANGE 14 { aetna ae AL a, ew on UAL De Cyan (aa Re Fm wba i Pe ‘Soa FA 8 Ya ‘nt erg, Sa aed (enw re Cone contd oy Cat es ae Comte) cate ps ana coe Donat pa ra Dene. Bap. tes OA etn (tcvttn Sat ted = Ske Gaon ate ‘me yt Poet) Da etre Gone rma) ‘er ins me Bo ri od ‘ies Pane Fea oa Fd la Fae Geo Fema Pee mc Pi re fs TAL Deen ‘Gh el oe Dee) Foreign Exchange Table ‘The foreign exchange fixed rates below apply to trade with banks in the country of origin, Courtesy of Monetary Research International, Houston, Texas as of October 7, 1993, ws ot 2s ones ost omnes oe tons 2 oan ‘0 ane acces ‘ace ase ine oun oom one ” vee 199 a 2 1 ™ a 8 ue an ov mm ies as o ms come cone ‘ey lt (he Oe (art Poe ets Pe paerenany en ‘Sse Fe ‘one Sam Pant ‘ee ‘rm es Pt Sat) ‘ie att ‘nates tg orgie la) Innon ae ‘rt er) nae Inna at 7) Dad as Po nt Pont viet Pe ‘oe tlt ‘eu! ws ‘ons is 1s 1s ts it ‘04 ous 8s aust te ais em 8 v0 em oes sia come ems oz act “ see 1s war ° a ms “s o ma aa ue ne ma te 0) Ova a sa Pe SA Dt Prat tate) rte Cs os) Ps te) Feu ss), Pers too Pete ar) Peet A De phrases UAL Fer Fe Fe ana te) es Rae Ore) a ot San Ste Ua De 5. re i Fo ane Son Per Oa SNe tn Dt Sere onan et Se in Sa ae va rn as 2 ms 16 BN mu ie Cy a Le oe Se Fa ow 1 mit ‘ene PO Dea ‘se ee pari poor) etn te ws aun 2 1008 vee em 0st at ome wo mie 0 18 awe 1 ss cane cry om ons cre cae ous a0 one ow oom ome so tae oer ome oso om aitMINT INDEX a Ae rn Aeeeteeiisla Se Beane AE piers rence) AGIs rin, i Mandan Princ Stes MiieDAHAG "cing iat lNdependent Kingdom, fees a eeaiee = Aighanstan nding eee ieee iphasan don nce Stes IMEDABAD inl ugh. Ponca Siaer a Moga ae rice be cece ringer. nse wupt den Bethan emg Hae et aa can Pc ‘States $s aaa indore y MERA ough ni Foca Sten AEEARABAO' rs British, nia Mughal non Prinaty Soot Agr mean puget ttone: Gosn ien inten, Conmore German Staten, eae Fo ugha nga ney Sts, BAIRMARE- German States BATA stan sip ans Be FRAARF UR German states Seen H-cesnan sae Biemmanam Ri Brian Wat Aiea, Cast atc, {at Bram reece, Heng Rony Malta's rin Bo tate. Repubte of Nuva Granada, Untied ronnces of Hams Seeese log State. aly, Papat Stat esi vacant Stee ican ieee sat Aca, Ina, lai Sielement Br Sea Bea ino BED rice ses BREDA “Zoe, German Sates, Pesan Bea A ROACH nln Princ States BRUGE Astron Nears Brunswick German Sates NRSELS Rata, Aion ta Basgun Bia, Binac, Cogn Serra ue Pn. pac ABAD inca Pray Stay Bunanrum india grat inden Pc States na i i a pepeey i a He KB E ala, Il Britsh, Ida Repti, i i i MINTINDEX 15SS BRR wavannaetoe $EBE aon i fice ren noone BeBe aun recs snes Se eet se ei Pee cere Miki eae ae PE lary enancen cet Biman Soat 59 eee BE ray sue vs) HENS raegst cleric sae corp ore Bibb cna Petes oder es BS Siero oe Seseeeaaset ee Sener) ret Kingdom BOGAOR - India Mughal set bee cmens end i BOau- The " GENOA - France, I'ahan States. Italy ‘GHANDOR - Indl Princely States Poe rata Weneriands Eas nes "Ghent aie eens SEE Get See Ro neem Brome Stans a sara rey Senn an Sate ee, 2 ae Sei) sae racine) her) sa et See tcenas Plan rence Stee Elam : rerretat nae Sas SaAMOF iGlr Pincay Sates in Ma te Panny Sen ran Repu, Grate yaar Pa Cy Ebb yaa pon ci sit BRAGA ida! fe sha SER ce eet, ae ‘iMuswane ture ‘Gunes ite eae hasan nyherads re oh ngehigar ems cucu tines Fiesty usa as) a cuncon Mee) S:Scebia Ponty Beets es Ban ina trereh See ee, ee ears 8 Kingsom ale Magra. nan Princely Jno ny Sates nee tte oneal ing fone SBeennbceh “Pes West noes, Cenmar, Frane, Se ‘owen . m an ego: tae iene. aepenarn kagaoee pancenganey ering ARRURAA Teena ER Rite enone Poe Cen se kama Seascconcets,, Ea Sa = aman Ent Aca, Gorman Ste, neater fran FOG cos Pate states BARALISLAM Tia incey Staves Bae ALatote aoe Tae Sana BAR AS SULTANA hgnaiston SARL RMLAIAT on vos BAR EESULT ANAT” Ansan BAREESUREN shai idan rica i BaREUR Sune BAMMETARY erman Ss Genmay, ot imandependors” Xigsom. lin Piet ate Fes Bee Sete Swat Ca ese gRMOSILO. Meco. dan Pence States RSet me eee Se erent? FEEL men . Seams) Be lena, Eee heres Epes Beit AF eho Bae Beetetiian et ms FEA Bimmer, Seat nce eres " Beale eee any aue agence TERE hrane mente ss taattes ie eae SEE TE een mae PENSAR HR ceHuwayaas ron Fiweidan ea HYDERABAD =o ugh, |SOETABAD Smo - Aghanstan insincere King iene Ienat Navan vaRD cons IMrVABSAn todo Mega (Moone ste Prince Sates IRORAPU fod Mapa egos weno) Sigman toe IBAA an Pray Bos SAAR an Bee are peoermey Soe PAE now Bee eal ent metic Princely States: - p cn ced 1 SiSo09ondonwea) ide rie hed" Cassel (German States) ‘inten esd | eres Seo FR SIRE an my in aaa et Ati eit texan procey Sates See ag poe rece Se BES ee Here BERDUR ara ‘ coo Se. Eacee Baa con Bakes HANS nda independent REGED tana. In Pesce Sie Jat Hea 8088 oon SeOHeR ng tain Jonnie sn Piette teneed Bai BABE sun erocat snes Penn re Eerste ERD Cian Ekeeasercoagea Bee agree a Hiei Se Fae Breen Bie can BLU ap Sanaa 4 Binur Bug nate Stes ERE: mentees TamieAs hint waseeng Parnas ARALSRUte Gorn Sites, Geewons ‘aparine etna wees asi pee aemten Nren Pt it Ean me ork B= Kreme (Crecmesioama Beer Ee a as ee meas IMAMBAYAT Inaon Pence States Mianaasbcagpomee IHANPUR inn Panay States Eien ence Sates IMOGANO roan Trketan sHOPhn’ cna mo Haigh eurran nce gna nan Proce Sates EHURGHED'SAWAD" Ico napencent Kngsom tutan charge i Rss Torkeston Eee eaten. ogca, Boima, Brsh het amen COs Aon Cpt Gret Brow rence ingnllefnan Ses RAOUAMAIRAT Mraces” Iirameeh gernon Sites IAUSENBURG Trajan Ia Copamagenienfnr BM votdhoa reshsteauy I Kelana se) BM Kevyn Ra) Eason SE Se sours Ee at. na deaevoe eco. ol avenionsionem Better oe Ba eet Rbatincies. Pcie Pot eehins EULBEha EUtieCit: Goran Soe Kohnen oe Becta KUMAR" nai naepanént ingen ihe Insin ricay China cng aa He Ey sae teense hes Pieayeane aes beter (stan Sates) UReEtSt an Loki Hanes, ton Prcaty States Rana lh TANGHOW:-Ce EERE mm nae Hare. Hoste BBR tac to aan wasn ‘a eres Leninicad"sos'Ragae "OTS" Here MAE monerrom “Tima tPerat, Sonn Bea ore snn trait ces Hehe oe {LANTRSANT ew Zeta, Prisoner ta Tonisr eestor) SP aay cas, teeter tearoom SE anes omy wtpstian tinct ie ies? tien Farce) Mt Mendore argentina) ce MINTINDEX 17 FAN inde apa feacunara aan Cy Page Ste STARBANOAR Ii Stan MACiIPAY Nae a Btn MiABhopU sAwalIncan Del States Maomas nae artan MAOEASTRWALLUN nin rca ites oR. roa bray inoan Prncey Sites MAORI France orocen Papo te au Cattle fae eee lon Leoe Colony. Sea, FE Le nan Pee MARRAKESH torscco Pn Fe re sun Beta see Ret MASHHAD: Aearistan an etsuuontai ine Sah ei evens MB Cgatey Brera Ere ay nate Franc Ba ig Como sno tear hood 7 SESE rons RIAN tay arent Sate, ay, Son iia ornare. east BSS Co taney Ee Sesh tg Beet Mia ras cor swies Hisense” MOULAY 57m oroceos Mevbtbaear: hunt Boma, HOR aE ase ie MUNAMMABEB inchs Bader. Ineiun Princely Ssstassant INDEX BULB NTFTEN. Gorman Sits, Gernacy MULTAN Ainosn tna” tntypendent UWE (Bombay) ici Brsh, no Moghat ten att? ee ‘st BUREN Son totes: Gormans, ean Pre Shows. ‘Almncion. oa independent Kegon DRSHHBABAD Era ia French ng Meshat WeSTATABAO- nc incepenient hgdanh Wroraiwewrn occ ibe aan Noreen tense Sates} YO “hgacaram fh) Mi sce Some TAGenehwate tse MAckAinantnsepeneest Kingdom, ladian Princely NAGisan san “ OR na gh don Pinay Stes RAGEOR indie ndopenaant nga Niavanwva tasiig hunts Saynecanas, German Si Rapa tayo Santon indas ecu Stes were ‘la Renda gam Bee cot Beta St nn eee panei rei RIMAR rg edeponcent Kingeom Rumranistn ‘Roioa:wsnmogunac =" rete ote dara re Swe Ro Coombs) Rese Sao Sees sea See a BAR Gee po oon BoParmattayy EEaGeice Pedant SA) saya evra) pei oan Brefona( uth Anes) Eee aoe BAMAHABAD Wr) Russom Costa Kova BPE eo. camen cones Ching” Prone" Colones. French Gui, Franch Inder hind, German Staes. reese, Hat. Hones, Mb, Uneeraoirg Monaco Peru, Portga Tana,” Srba Strerand Ts Turia Uruguay, Venenon, eto iran incon Princely States Heit ce ncn ope Bee ec ty PATTAN Inga Mughs! = Bete titten Bet xm) atl em 2 FEE Ce nrncis Fe a cn Puarie"Aala, rent Bee See Bibi ie apes Kean FRE rca sim aa He ee, Ba SCE ny, eh Pett atari AES a Beker Parsee Famers foam Phas Pues) Fi Feb eng Bion st jon (colombia Postaeo geno) PBaior Be enc Seecmeeeemscat te ae i ‘PRETORIA Beta West Rinea, Cameroon, East Altea, Rearrange Se PRIVY MARKS - Burund ne sae rmenapr caf Rr nan Peay Sites fhroumn aan Pct tes aon ingeponden ngdom Indian Pincay States Basta RATHAMBHOR oa Mughal clon Pinel States AATHGAR nan nee Ses ATER Navca Popa Ses favishnnaah Since loaepencunt Ringson REGENSpune' cera Stes EVAN urboy REA Een . Brelaeat af ooccs) 19 be JANEIRO erana Mozart Biola detente “ BOM Fn ROWTAS: fro Mughal ROME - sais, Enire, France, Inkan Somatona HON crdeob, Sac Saha Sona SonaeLoNe: vatican sem chy Sites ROUroER Corn Sines ath German Sates RUE cca Fenen cxons hr “Eon ep Durach erman fie fete tay aes) ; ca : i E Bees oo Tr ree semmnanen eimai “ iietocne Etat East a Company. ln ich ‘haan na: Beitsh. Yooka- Mughal SRA tes a ites oe SRN MALO ance BAMBI pas Independent Kingdom Skim «sips Nom. SALONA ey EAM ERANCIBED unali, i Satasn, F, Eone cae SANUOSE: Contes Amencon Rp, Cots Rea SMa vit mary" SANTAGO “Sain cose ccunco, Per, Son Uv SAS paUED «eae! EAMSEVERING Vatcon Pape City States Eataites ten Satay tin nigra SASutr ea ingepengectxengaom EAN anette ns Magn Hat ac insroehten kingdom SEUMOULRTT "Rae, caicta &todomers, Hi ‘SEAWABAGH. Geeman Staces $B unte Dornnge (Oomeican Republic) Haren ieee, SEMUR' France BEE ne BE a te ran Ee Santa Feruews Rei (Cofombia) si eo Ee ee ae seas ae ey SARE erst State ae SUAMARH ior, Russian Caueatn died eeeSRIRARPUR- ndsansepencer Kngcom Siar | imatin toroceo) eee SEs 3 28 saver, 114031.608 Tie = 280 380 poe cane EP GSO edb 100.00 150.00. qyee B25 3.08 AFGHANISTAN 97AFGHANISTAN 28 112011606 indore 208 400 foe too fom 1000 8 8: gess. esses iB od vere wna ‘be Couplt sranga around central cartouche. "Rv: Legunds win cartouche 2001 mt Teiego 2250 "35.00 igo 3 Ifo 250 S500 nyo 1236 Bo it Be Boo 1330 1350 50 ASHRAFI goto. 280% pee anise = kee 010, 10806 TAIMUR SHAH {2H1170-1186/ 1757-17728. 98 Nigam ‘ANN 186-1207 /1772:1793A0 99 King FALUS 20s awui7? yo mee 2 500 1586 56 300 1300 ihe Hie $00 300 1800 Hse = 350 $00 3% Soe 9 -—B3G BGR BOB 18.00 ‘ven aL 2011605 Yor Ve fine ve xr % 3 2 Be oe = BS Bm se so = BS Bm sto seo Bo ime Som 00 Be Saco, $00 aaah Bs hz (Gaveton ware iy a ena wit hose os tN eeee8 BS888888 : 010, 10.80:11.00% 295 m96 thee 295 mz g Re ‘SHAH ZAMAN ‘AH1207-1216/1793-180140 FALUS ‘COPPER, 18.0018 008 ate pate Yeu Goon ve Kean Date eer ogg We SHER, 11401160 Year NG fine We at 1500 2008 40% endo 1500 3600 99) eaas 130 deo See Sie = ee ie Bos eo = 1989 Hee S500 $80 Dera Mint era Ghazi khan ‘They of gra wae neater Dara Ghani Khan than RSENS Bs ions Soe noe AHMAD SHAH v4 160-1186 /1787-177280 FALUS COPPER, 20:28mm,13.0018:50 8 tate owe Year Good VO. flee We Mo tithe "SS 6S 103 sw 3t nies 136 630 loco teas Hee $35 bso teeo tess He 7 338 €3e eee te39 Me} 338 G50 (Geo Ieee SE 15 336 630. loco tee Vo fine ear 12%) 2900 08 <00 1250 2300 309 sooo 133 32% 380 doco 1250 2000 3000 S000 1350 2909 32.00 200 1333 390 3900 4000 129 Roo 3900 dove 12% 300 30 doco 239 2390 3000 loco 12% 2003 ooo doco 125 390 3900 tose 1259 3300 3090 tose 1258 3300 3090 oso 125 Bop som toe 138 3o3 300 tooo 1280 09 3090 Seeo 1250 2909 3000 tooo 1253 Sa doo seve 1230 Soo) 3330 do 1230 3003 320 too 1250 3e00 3900 toe 1250 2599 3900 1280 3500. 3900 0.0 ‘nore: Omverse Lreerie ds ave de coinosay pare itr seco foc te sherepancie! baiwocn A de ibtegnat year HEAVY RUPEE (1/4 Rupees) suyen 32.69; ‘GbesUaniah P'i7s'00"225.00 300.90 450.00 MOHUR 34 ai t6e0010, 19.90-11.008 RUPEE A Bite STO ao lh fie “POE UT ge ~ 2 = Bee im of Boke ig Bo. -BeEe ob 5 Bees ovsllandea: = BeRe TAIMUR SHAH sien, 13202180, 70 1B 2.05 sue ome INNO FaLus Wee Yale BS al . 188 BS BB 1 RS BS ie i 88 BS Be } BB BS BS i ap BS 38 bas Be 3 RS 88 a RS Be Hug & SUESREEESSSESES tue one Your Good VO fine vr le tte “5 S85 1080 1758 3000 RUPEE SsUvER,21 5mm, 114021.608 2 100 309 4309 So90 = 3 1fe3 toes S38) 5085 MOHUR gov. 1095 coto,.100¢ we PPE ay509 a7e0 aia anny ME ay me} = = HBG 31858 ey RMN e eB FS 3.08 SULAIMAN SHAH SHAH ZOUON areal 01.207-1216/1793-180140 RUPEE 7 FALUS ‘bw Fulicountat Kms ome Year Goog VG Fine vF ser amas NFEBERES co zer00 asco ST Boon ME SE NE MBS sald RUPEE S€ SS 223 A186 1 62.00 150.00 200.00 253.00 ‘SILVER, 19:21.5mm, 11.20-21.60 TAIMUR SHAH SY loo oo 1811861207 /172-178380. 96 King 2 soo FALUS : shee 5 sas $ se $ noe MOHUR: LEI Oey) ese €&@ 5 ‘coPPeR, 11.3032208 LRP SC TAIMUR SHAH svare6az07/77217930 RUPEE 389 minise E3009 "Zo 3000 000 = 1090 2300 soe ‘00 1900 2000 3000 Sb 1390 2090 30% Sooo 19% 00 300 Soo 1900 2000 2000 soar 1900 090 3000 S000 1900 2000 3000 S000 1990 230 Jou Soo 1320 000 See 3090 1909 $990 3600 Soo 190 2999 soe soo 13 ies 3800 2380 5300 Soe0 5 i750, 3300 3600 2 ‘ant d08 4 1258 we’ posmmets ‘SHAH ZAMAN AH 1207-1216 /1793-1801ADAFGHANISTAN 3) RUPEE ee 8 Ee 38 2 se by Se 858 t 1230 ila Hse 1215 1230 30a 4600, $000 NOTE: The Yeu poe 2'nan rane for Yeas b> Molene sensu ce ‘MOHUR BRSSSEE EES BESEESSSE85 00 mo 6019, 16£010.9 raacerrniea Haidarabad Mint Sina) TAIMUR SHAH pe11186-1207 /1772.179380. 08 King RUPEE Beane en ES age, soa 2500 Setar’ ete Bahan eg ed Seleean a et Yanan Shah Sra. Ago pe Coes Herat Mint Dar arSultanot AHMAD SHAH vs 160-1186/1747-177240 1/4 RUPEE y) aay vee, 2005 wr nner 55000 2500 100.00 RUPEE sven. aitog are wuss "STB" $00 ss soo We 2 EB RR ES Se ‘010, 1090-11008 te payee 1G eer TAIMUR SHAH AH1105:1207 /1772-1793A0, a8 King 1/12 RUPEE sve, 1300, B38 8888 mw BEB RBBB: eesescess: 2 Beessaseseess: a a tnt, nett) 2000 2800 or =r) 1480 oe Hoo Hs Fe ideo moo Zac ioe 660 1909 1280 2900 es £80 19m 1236 3000 ie = leo 1280 Sooo Hoe gp bop 1380 35a a Seo 1200 1800 2500, tae S00 1200 i800 200 ie 90 1200 Ise0 2560 Bu 00 1200 tooo 3569 Wie Eee ies goo 300 IERIE 160 2o00 3000 Postmameus sue aes seine Nore Besthumavs Tamar Sho ruoees sated NeTSe.1211 wre suc bye om tana Shah agag ** - Pees sung mame a See Mie ect Ee ase SR Sears Be aes NOTE: Gupees cates 141221 are prabatly crudely Mie ASS HS MOHUR oto, 1os010.906 le 218.09 S000 208 vcorsiaoe a NOTE: con sang AH1207/1208 8 NOTE, co Ta pest ‘SHAH ZAMAN ‘AH1207-1216/1793-1801A RUPEE SILVER 21.501, L140:11.50 "ais 780 1230 2000 Wie 2 = 18 BS ds 3 = = 30. 1880 3080 nore some ani2i2 ana A243 obverse eg Goro, 1.805 EOD OS Kabul Mint Dar a Muth (unt At1163) Dor ax Sultanat (ater AHI 68) AHMAD SHAH ¥11160:1186/1747-177240 RUPEE cs me ME EBMES sone i < PBS 's8 ae ag =, 2} be BE RE BS ie $$ RR BR BS BE ie | RS 88 BB oe Beating BH Be Be nm we Be ze ag ee geuseesssegesess essees BSSeeesesgseesse zeeees (be Couplt round canta cartouche SP Bi08 SOHO eed 5000 1-1/4 RUPEEShur wo hah od Mit Rp KM W626, 1/4 RUPEE AFGHANISTAN. 3] ae tities Mpg uf ‘MOHUR oe . we SIVER, Lamm, 245. vote one ere ine ove F BNR 1S 100 4880 e090 e080 = 1/2 RUPEE snven, 3403.50 ‘8010, 20.80-1100¢ j ‘br Frat counet fate pate Veer VG Fine ver RUPEE MS Kitson "EPP sou0n aes, ip? Peon gba a (3 SL Fas o0 See Bn =X deseo 32800 aa anizn "52000" a0bo oe0 sooo i220 300 080 sd00 RUPEE SHER, 21 Sym, 11402150 § axe snnsse T3850 fone8 ow 20000 cs MOHUR z é as Kashmir Mint SAYER, 11.40-12,69 8 AHMAD SHAH an ome "S00 2000 ze00 91 160:3186 /1747-1772K0 i oto, 10858 2 DAM eT a 2 corpse 3 ye oot vege oad vo sing TAIMUR SHAH z Fe lvertenns? S02 203 1280 1750 19811861207 1772179880. 28 King ‘ MN on eB a RUPEE RUPEE ‘SuuvER,1.00:1.65 5 Se eee OD M186 112.00 2000 3000 40.00 vo Se foe Oe iw 1369 2090 3000 000 TE 752 1393 gan 3500 My | ES B39 28 BS BB RR 88 g8 y 3 1g00 2000 20g) soap ie 759 1390 300 3800 1B ue Se ee Be en : 3 1B RS 88 g8 Be He Be Be Se aan AgRrmepSUe TI ae ; HS 138 See 3a 4: TAL & 300 tsa fo00 a. WS 798 3300 zhao 500 BET HS oe Be ee on octtnumutuctiberttiar BB BS BS Bs Hise 1700 2080 ‘'NAZARANA RUPEE BL 732 1300 5.00 3300 HOOP EB S& ‘ 2 18 9B 88 bs tat 3 1290 3o00 R ’ 24 750 1500 2500 35.00 1195 3 1200 20.00 B 7E8 inks seo sam PES Ss 5 3B be BS BS Lag 28 1200 13 1200 20.00 MORUR m 3 EB BS | EB 88 BHR BS Big E Be 28 2m oy on, 28 et EER oy se coi s0 mateneii ee gatos "I pupees as mer | eae semua, ‘SULAIMAN SHAH MoHUR sa6/ 77280 co mse PE san 000 Rupee wigs PTE aes so Hoo? > Beis BS Boi Tee es BS Bog BB BS Be oy LBB Be Bs BoB LEE z = BS Be Be et to wae Be ee ‘SHAH ZAMAN HE g Bam 05 SHER 109031008 nanortan6/ 08300 5 BB ER sso ance MMS ENES ann 20AFGHANISTAN 32, TAIMUR SHAH ‘ARI 186-1207 /1772:1793AD. 98 Kine DAM of a BB amt I te tae ve 3B 1B iS 4g i eB ae ib BE 8 8 me be 8 is mou GB U2 ig ig SkvER, 1060.13.008 Bl the i IE a oh fe 2 28 BR GB BB Heo} HB BS iS 28 ne ob 12 Be ES ge we] HB BS 28 28 3 32 BS i as ES ESsweRSERESESEBE SEE SES: wie BESeRE se seE see. Ey 559 NOTE: cave of veil years 9 a MO Stee ees S8asesssaae8esessesseeese ss 8 amos 907 3012.00 MOHUR son eco 2730 G00. £3-24eam, 10.90-11.008 BtMon "HE ME Pee gat ‘SHAH ZAMAN '811.207-1216 /1793-1801A0 FALUS 7201080: eet sn omnes 3 0 600 900 fv ate at an of Zaman sre are a FES" 1250 a0 be sra2 maiz? 320 whe 30 BB 30 100033008 sr anzia PEF so 600 300 Wis 8 303 480 S00 B90 Rs 8 Se 435 88 eae DAN 74 warz09 PERE BE 11.50 16.00 RUPEE SKVER, 107011208 fe Bias Julio Ms Date ve we tine VE oxe. ‘ev: KNitte Kashmir fe wo. 876 ee He 88.00 35.0 TAs 3 S90 1800 B00 deo 135-890 T8000 es Bs VE 8 383 eS BS 8 Lahore Mint AHMAD SHAH ‘et 160-1186/1747-177280 RUPEE SUVER,1L2013.40¢ 622 amit) nt 8500" 7.6 0000 1250 62 seeeeesessess: BRBBRBBRBEN RRB: segegeessssees z 3 £ € S hs6010, 1070:11008 TAIMUR SHAH ‘41170-1186 /1787-177 240, a8 Governor AH1186:1207/1772-1793A0. 28 King RUPEE ‘suver,112011.408 ee ani I Eos so07 39.00 TP 1 1850 800 S09 380 1321 1230 Gee toos 350 He 4 1250 eo S003 3500 tie 1259 2a00 S009 3300 MOHUR ‘SHAH ZAMAN ‘AH1207-1216/1793-180180 SHER, 11 3033;608 Se SS 00 bv: Seca coupe. ce mnizis ME EEES™ESS0 90.00 10000 MOHUR 40.0, 108013.005 eos wna UPTO Mashhad Mint Nase, ane Mutation (uy ce 2 RUC Tres Sees ge Range REE et a NENT SE Se Co Sey ea ee enema cena TBEg obtener Pence AHMAD SHAH AHIL63/1750AD. First Occupation. 1-1/4 RUPEE Sere Father 168 cope ere sac ne nae AHMAD SHAH ‘41168-1186 /1795-1772A0, Second Occupation SHAHI (1/10 Rupee) 86 SILVER, 1001.18 oor surise E886 3efo s0.09 70.09, 18 139) $300 Jsc0 1ooe0 Met Soe 3600 2000 ‘720 RUPEE 638 : Hr a thas“? 1735 290 sooo soo or oo 2790 #800 Soc0 moHuR ° © 27509 21000 NOTE:“atter anny ceath sn, Babee HI IED pilnonn ste mT 1BY TASIRO (rupees Oh TAIMUR SHAH Recogiged at Masnnag 1198-1207 /1784-179340, SHAHL @ & oe saver A680 no ae vee ete RUPEE SLER,11.0011,50 ¢ ‘8640. ano 1280" 30.00 7000 aoe 1759 3300 3000 7099 Hos 175 3300 5000 79.00 Hot = 1753 Haan $800 79.09 Hor = 128 3800 S900 7000 fe” 1388 foo Soe tees 40,1208, "0100 "si 00 5.00 1o0.00 % Ste SH oy alah Sha thenebe ee UShamnat Shan of ram and ad tors few con SteS RARE ae brn, ‘SHAH ZAMAN Focognized at Mashnad (H41211-1216/1796-1801AD AFGHANISTAN 33 ‘SILVER 11.0011. ¢ so 06 10050 12590 160.80 NOME: In fifl246 aera mee sah et Mead Multan Mint Seeuaoraees feito meant S/R Sy EEN val ta Bee ttot 71 rane AHMAD SHAH ‘AHI 160-1186 /1747-L772A0 FALUS ‘COPPER, 23mm, 1260-3808 ‘Obr: DurseDucrane ane oate Year Gand NG EY fino “ie S88 $$ Ws ie a a8 ex wns Me me Ee RUPEE 2250 'S"iS00" 3500 '$500 20.00 8 lo00 3500 3500 Sooo Geo $00 3800 S000 Rev Epithet Dar aman seg sss amtlia ng 12 $0""28.00" 38.00 48 00 too 18 1480 #600 390 Aken 019, 1090-1190 ie 2 > pee 2 Stele wo $f > =e ee ig b> 2H Heoo3 = = ie D8TAIMUR SHAH 1NH1170-1185/1757-1772AD, a8 Nizam ‘AHI186-1207 /1772-179340, 85 King FALUS AFGHANISTAN 34 comnen naestong ve 3 28 3B OB IE ue 2 TP IB TB HB IS be 3B 1B Be eS ER HB UB a8 1 IB UB iB my of 2 2B iB HB m 0 2 ig 2 ue 81GB iB aR me 2 ig 1B ue Bo i BOB EB OE IB IB 8 3 hoi ie JB be rere fone Ec a od Re suven 114041306 “istizam to We e ve 1200 1209 eo a8 8 2 28 a8 88 28 22 23 30 3.00 Bo 3 ; 5 : i t BS evrwvernnud seezeseeeee Is 17s a0 B38 Bo 500 0 28 #8 #8 28 18 #8 8 ae 28 ge iS 28 28 28 iS 28 28 35.00 to3 ie00 (MOTE: Rupeizs of ATT 94:108 (NeIIOSS) Me oU ae ‘Bualbee paees9 te hat tos rebbe rose ve AHMAD SHAH ‘design changed and tre regra! yeo's made te conlorm AHL 160-1186 /1747-1772A0_ eres is MOHUR i taste aie uur ee Yor a fee BY By TM aol wold Wwe} =f ye aa te of = = Bese Bob = 5 BB SS mo} > Ieee ae 2 Rees smosoniore cooren 20mm, 114031708 ss amiss 7 MEME wonan an00 Hae ge vee eed a te qe 2 = emcee a SSE al Heep aco 2000 Tor 48 730 2S ee SHAH ZAMAN 1/10 RUPEE sv207.1216/1793.180100 = FALUS S ‘ote wore ie owe st asl ofS sslS ol RUPEE Sranaeiae RUPEE 83 AHIIBE 1 $09 15.00 29.00. 35g sve, 20 112031106 2 38 ER BSB es ee 238 ER BS Bs BS Biter lt fas 2 38 es ty | Be os om Be 238 EB BS es | Be oe om Be $38 BB oe we | BS oe oe Be $ 3B Be Be i ag BS oe oe se Boye ie ee sore, 32 ooty he Hal a 2 3B Be Be a Mee re HAR BR BS 8 MOHUR 16 3.00 15.00 25.00 350 GOLD, 20mm, 10.80:11.00 1 38 120g 2300 ae 6s ext 7OM TOON a ae ERS Muradabad Mint 2 UR EE BEE AHMAD SHAH He 3o0 1500 3m ee AHI 160-1186/1747-17720D_ 6 300 15.00 25.00 38 RUPEE MOHUR 2.2, ‘SULAIMAN SHAH ALB6/177200 RUPEE ces nairs EMSS coon 500 Najibabad Mint AHMAD SHAH sms0-ii06/1787-177280 RUPEE coo mice NN ISEEE oes as TAIMUR SHAH 10 186-1207/1772179380, 05 ing FALUS eos marco MEME scoon 12500 MoHUR cop iosoitoeg eo wise © aad Peshawar Mint suade Shan Maar who hod seat gm the Magn ASUNtS1 717300" ewan lon fo te Sinem 3507 42anaatug ete col ne eon th copper, 0.201260 Me ote OT SS OSre < fv Ftsed doen m0 To So ‘ser, 11.2041 Oke Ming's name stop fate ote Year Ve fine year ier 1 S00 1500 3300 deo igs $00 1800 2309 3500 Hiss 3 303 {Sm 30 3300, Mise 3 3m) 13t0 S00 S00 Uist S00 S00 300 300 os Soo igo 80 3880 1819 Sam S00 28.09 3e00 U3 HR 380 886. 00 586 iy 300 Heep fap eae Hg 12 $50 {S09 2599 3800 HB 12 300 (eco 303 dean zor 13 «$0 1540 3500 3500 Yet 17 $00 Hee 2800 Seno by: Kings ame ms te oe an "900 "2080 "$000 40.00 "= 15 1900 3909 3000 toe Yas = 1900 3a90 S000 doo iy 1000 2000 3000 4000, MOHUR E0321 Pontmumois 27809 $7860 ‘SHAH ZAMAN 941.207-1216 1793-18149 RUPEE yen 1 901106 PEE won aie DEUS ee ee ) 12 GB BS Be my 3 18 EB BB BS kuz gate Yer VG Fine VE xr mm 138 1283 i390 2580 i212 «$788 126) Ip 3800, 1s «8338 12) i890 3500 tis 358 1363 1800 25.00, Its & 280 1209 1800 28.00, AFGHANISTAN 35, ‘G0L0, 10180-10908 MS) Sie, 5 SM ge Sarhind Mint AHMAD SHAH ‘816061186 /1747-177280 te coupe in eee secs in mare. rng “Briaty "9 "E866 Sog0 "3868 40 20 "as ize) 29) gn soo ite Bee Seen tas doco MOHUR 0040. z22t0m, 10891090 Tis an OE OU Sca00 330.00 aS 3 SS 558 3868 Rikab Mint ‘ne Camp man) ought wth te raya entowrge we reson orl Acta. "anpeooet AHMAD SHAH (11160-1186 /1787-17720 MOHUR 2010, 2801.00 vee waira re = TAIMUR SHAH ‘AHL186-1207/1772-17 9980, 98 King RUPEE tran eto SUVER, 22-25, 13.40.60 Teta ns uI™"6c0"%90.00 125.00 150.00 a jaa ND sane rtm on 18000 SHER, 21.510. i 208 1 = 1 tae 7's $500. 3500 anes 99 1759 30 tee 890 175 2m 80 109 1789 2390 300 1090 138 33m 3800 1009 i750 35m 3500 1080 175 m0 Seo MOHUR hs coin. soaeiosee ~ Shahahanabad Mint Svanansnabaa wi, Mig name fr De, whch mist Hae tetesnmonra AHMAD SHAH 1160-1 186/1747-177280 1/8 RUPEE ss anise EME NISAR (Presentation 1/2 Rupee) mm, — Fee are 1/2 RUPEE 762 sieve YEP ary RUPEE 7a wn170 vsAFGHANISTAN 36, NAZARANA RUPEE SILVER se, 11.30 Year WG ine VP xe Bits “HSS age MOHUR he, vee im 2010, 1070:10989 7e5 wanrre Pe TO TE Eo soH.00 650.00 vi) ik = M50 $3509 63a. ia 18 = a0 33888 50.90 sy GBP IBTO OD, Sind Mint AHMAD SHAH 1160-1187 /1787-177280 RUPEE 167 He00 880 11000 150.60 TAIMUR SHAH AH1170-1186/1757-177280, as Governor pr wnira SHER, 13.0921.208 “etna ate bate Wo foe ove ae oe Bhi 2500 0) 9590 11860 — SHES 000 6000 3000 cise fetiarewscares et Ss Tatta Mint AHMAD SHAH ‘A 160-1186 1747-17280 RUPEE sero! SHVER, L140n1608 rea aniiza “MEP 2eS6 "aad 9500 7000 Hie Ta 338 2808 5800 790 TAIMUR SHAH 199) 185-1207/ 1772.17 990,08 King, RUPEE 6000 000 Eye EY "oe perry Fn fate 0 a oe Serer fants, at ae reales gees emesis Scat Bees weareaaee See ones ees os cette Seatac Recast a Ge ee eer ie co inaare weer kat i So ‘heee “contures. Age's was he hoadguacters of ‘otcot ‘Sree ates "Turan ana paca {Tea mare roman ne oo ier eases ot gies and sree x ‘eon vis taghn onnes at Frc doar, The ty ‘eval uch bageo ‘ae Nor 1954 and lasted wrt ‘Ssedra Son sgned only 10a2 taper ma {elerendum: ad te Ropubn'non calor os Soptcn Sige - RULERS Ottoman, ti 1830 Bes -MINTNAMES ale aaaie wee Be lt ay41012.1115 /1603-170380 [MONETARY SYSTEM (unt 1847) 14:1 /2 spor (aucheh, ‘irham Saghi) « 1 Khar 2knsruba —f Mozuna 2anuzuna ee vrea fegporton fete Sua They, had seco apron Tugatrpawona 1/3 Rol «8 bars aise Battin eee cer ae Sewselw he OTTOMAN COINAGE ‘AHMED It AHI 115:1143/1703:1730A0 1/2 SULTANI w 20000 27588 975.90 5008 ‘SULTANI 161 M780 22500 785.00 soe iy 0 21500 28500 eos ist 20 2300 2500 ona ie 89 34800 S800 Jena 1s 2 Ne 20780 24880 ze500 MAHMUD | 2H 143-1168 /1730-1754A0 1/% SULTANI cow, 075.085, Bic 330.00 28.98 Report conte 30009 230.90" 38500 20000 2208 325.00 Zon00 2008 22500 20000 25000 3¢500 20000 #8090 32500 Zone 2800 325.00 vere Pee pene we 1/2 SULTANI 601,268.17 g. 638m tantra dale Zoo 250.00 Be Hs ust ibe ibe ie iiss itt ies ie ie ‘C010, 2203-41 g.2325.5mm "inne: oral ne 8 3 aeaR ae! BERRBSESS SRBSRRBBR AREER: sesseesssssass: BB 88: ene OSMAN Itt 1113 68.1171/1754.1757A0 41/4 SULTANI 010,088. 144mm Se negro e ee = woo 5253 70039 990.00 = Rosco 33200 Feo San0 =3e0%e $3649 700.90 300.90 = 3000 S#8n0 F000 90080 1/2 SULTANI (0010, 262:.70 180m Mintname Jaa’ nom ade "773.0 375.00 500.00 ie Hit —3eeio0 380090 ss000 P5000 SULTANI colo, 318.3405 inna om 2 ge RE ag SSS gs S228 = MUSTAFA Ill 1/8 BUDJU oye age ne Sn sy ET ae se “tS Be Be ne ae lee aie ig = Be Se ae ige uB = BB Be ng G8 NBD ES Bs 2888 ‘Suven, 2203206 Stranraer 7500 12500 7399 tzs90 Fe tas00 3500 13500 F800 12800 Wasi sapmepees Be8288235 ssasssss Bsgeeese me Doe tinuge vO 4 BT tee ME 256 5603 7550 12560 Hs? = 3500 $009 7900 13600 HEB agi 00,, 2080, 7800 12500 note, got utes MilLeb ofa te were-mruch ose Rerousi 1/4 SULTANI coun, 020, iteame: Jose ae ans tive hd Has Is = S000 ogo “sa00 1/2 ZERI MAHBUB ra nntirg PNB ae ABDUL HAMID | 18 187-1203/1774-1789A0 1/8 BUDJU (Maza) SAVER, 1.60 icra ose asses $6.2 99.90 1000 ny = 52.00 100.90 18000 He = $09 100.90 18000 ge = $200 100.0 1eo00 i £00 100.00 18099 Hg $009 190.00 18000 igs > $0.0 100.00 180.00 ie 50.00 190.00 180.00 io $000 ‘90.90 163.00 uo = 5509 9090 18500 ee = 5503 10000 168.00 eT $500 100.00 168.00 14 t “SER, 3203.40 ntname asae G0 2000 200 Be Hayat mie 338 8 8: Algiers /ALGERIA 27oO ee ” $069 100.00 hig 3569. $88) 1g090 < lish = 6G $300 iaize Hoo S360 S900 love & "si = Bee $0) ions 8 Los = 72 909 Hoe 3 1203 = 2506 5005 10005 = 1/4 SULTANI 2 Saunt Boe Be Be 22 BE 1/2 SULTANI OLD, 17mm, 1.708 ‘Mitra Jara wfdo.s0 18000 250.00 25000 SULTANI 2580 c010, 3303408 Mitname lace‘ 27500 37300 8 8 3 5 SSSSS ESSERE seeeeesssses ‘SELIM i ars1208-1222/1789-1807AD FELS Coreen, 13: 14mm. 2.204 bv-eg: Sion Sli, Rar Rinna: tsa Ye ste Qa, sot Sint Ye ene or ST Bits 33 00 12888 1/8 BUDJU (un Mintname: Jaaa'Tr sae, iene = 8 Se 23 ink ise BS 2h 2 oo BS S ge 8 8 2 8S A os ae Bt oe (BS (NOTE: Later aes (a 216°1220) ent for SDE 1/4 BUDJU suver, 290.408 3509500 000 10060 Me 309 $990 10009 BiG 3599 8900 10088 2 q 8 ? nae 8 ins = eee, 3 wore: Late dates (lial 1220) enet for yee snver 5.006.005, wet so 109.0 180.00 2 £5.90 10000 !000 25898 wore: at tesa 216° S20) ext oh 908 1/4 SULTANI suena ‘obs. tag: 2 Hes, Rev: Mntnamne above date wise '€5,00 100.00 200,00 250.00 cae ee ee ae 1/2 SULTANI cOU0, 1841708 itaome za ace Malats, eNOS x TSc'a9 200.00 275.00 Nore: testes ual %0} ana ar tte SULTANI 20.0, 3.409, soar doce a1 anna, MEIGS 0" E7560 37500 $00.90 ae = fon 7500 1/39) onu0 tee = fone 68 $9809 £00.90 1208 = 20990 275.00 37500 soo00 BIg = Zona S600 4180 so0c0 = oes 378.00 338.00 50350 NOTE: Late tes (Wiiane 1281} nat fos Pago ANGOLA ectoetaierwes toes separen tes eit een reeres one ane Dae pasate ae See chetiea ate eal lea Serer tt inc tn enc, ER ap ists rocmen ee aon 3s Portugese eter ar ect Be cee Rend, were pet Ponageane ule Sogan-t 1961 nd consinued unt TOPE, cite Se Steeg ei taeeatt he sei iar at are Ce ae ieee eee a Seis Geta nineee gti Se ea Gian saa RULERS Portuguese until 1975 MINT MARKS KR King’s Horton [MONETARY SYSTEM Until 1860) SoRes - | Macuta ‘Commencing 1910) 100 Centavos = 20 Macuias = 1 Escudo V (5) REIS Minage Ve on Pity MME oe, 197400 $90 1995 2000 3500 UM 383 8821280 2500. AbaH (10) REIScorre a” in Moe ee Wwe Date Mintage VG Finn ve xe HRD a 2m um ao per tae nage Ye oe we te 178858 750 1500 303. e000 & BE as Bs aS see as tom m0 2800 0 S y XL (40) REIS + me 5 mie ee ie mise cen 7 2B ESBS BS. ye REMIT oe we ust Se 179? — 750 1800 3000 6000 1/4 MACUTA $500 159.08 2 1380 2 7 @ 18s 20 z Us bet 1509 3500 eoeo 100% Sino 0 mucin, a7 “83 "000 5000 2 MACUTAS ze re8 2300 5000 i Shir 1/2 acute, x0, Tee Te Sato 5.00 75.00 1090 2000 $00 1800 N255 2500 $8.00 100.00 om 1258 BSS 2 iodo oe i te 9 300 800 1500 Ee iB 18 G8 a 18 1 BS uacoras. we iS alee 4 MACUTAS + ang MMLMISEENEESE en me E18 tie Se ee 1/2 MACUTA carn 0 yg De Se oe ae any SAVER, 5206 ‘Sirmitat to 1/4 meacute, krwr27. a. 17 SnyeR Te" thes YS 200559 60.90 12000 1378 id. oso 138.9 250.00 35000 10 aos at ta $000 17500 25090 «5000 Be ‘300 ooo 13000 3.900 $0.00 19000 175.00 350.00, ‘820 foe “Ssa0 Foe 1000 ae 1799 95 00 a90.00 1250 = "2500 “a5.00 “0.60 16000 oie 2000 S000 fos 1090 Sine te 8 acute, KH, 7a tg 2 0 "WS0075.00 15000 Hse “220 1883. $380 "sees Hiaeo 8 MACUTAS. 99,119.80 225.00 35000 verge EN 17), = $883 17050 iade0 seoe0 Ue sooo $8.00 10000 tsee0 2800 21781020 4000 8200 16000 290.00 ‘bo Snare 32 acuta M37 st Bae" 6" Sogo a0 Soe oo (yap 6.250 50.00 39 ANGOLAANGOLA 40) % 10 MACUTAS: ves 96. mintage WG ine ve a 20086 4083 900.0 1239 Gave tise sae 220.00 s0d0 9900 lesen 38am $00.00 ‘Sua te 8 Macaas x23 ‘0% 5000" to000" 22500 350.00 22% $9.00 10000 22500 35000 12 MACUTAS 917 SuvER, 17.506 019 500 te80 300.00 450 90 ier ome Mintage vo Fine Br (ye BSS oko 20:88 75 80 oof Use “oar 389 {800 been sonu0 Listings For ANMAM: caferto Vioinam ARAKAN: refer toindle-lodapendent ‘Kingdoms. BUS GILY sai Rear eens arses SEN RGR es etnias ee ee ee ar Benn te ae i, Bae Soret eget ae See A ee temeen cicney ang Hoogbures wm BEF rn nso srgnn ar onallcod ne uate so Be AT eaat a os a ce tae en res cn inane Te ont ata icity ret sii tower ingepenaant deers "nuit coogi a Sofibneis | died on August 18, 1765. His we Maia Reraterennes le ied oie Bearings ccmateersione Ban Mere eae hs cian co tay er rt wpe eng er na ativan aes Soe Soa Gear ace Re RULERS. Leopolat 1657-1705 ‘sepa, 1705-1711 CChavies i, 1711-1740 aria Theresa, 1740-1780 with Franz, 1745-1765 Widow. 176551780 Jo4eph I jot with his Mother, 1765-1780, ‘None, 1780-1780 Leopoie tl, 1790-3792 Franelt(), 1792-1835 (@s Frac, Moly Roman Emperor. 1792-1806) MINT MARKS A.W. Vienna G)- Verna. AIALIV.C-AE.GA. Karlsburg (eansyvanio) EAKK-B- Kremnite (Hungary) Prague (Bone) CB.CLELBIOND HS - Hermannstadt Ceansyivani) CVFT.RV Klausenburg (Transyivacia) D-Saibure DiG.oR- Grae Styria) FHA Hal Gi antus Wipse=Gunabure (6) Shiela Vienna Malan Lombardy) W-B-Nagybanya (Hungary) 0-Ovavicza (ungary) P Prague (Bohemia) 5“ Senmolntz (Hungay) V-Venice Venetia) (0) Eagle“ Hat W Bresiau (Poland) (MINTMASTERS INITIALS ‘BRUSSEL MINT mg ERIE R 17521972 ThegeesRetrs GUNZBURG MINT cwesaye a Raerw Gol fue pe tae y g Jose F36Y anarsiene See © is Fousesenct % Toni Schab ona Jou Faby MONETARY SYSTEM etore 1857 Steller - 4 Pennie. 1 Krauserfaxiovier «1 Flac (Guzen) BF ein ~ 1 Species oF Convention Thaler MINTAGES: Jpameiny ngs ted fh a Men te a Boston FAS and ars never re AUGSBURG MINT CHARLES VI 1711-1789 1/2 THALER Br Piha MME est0 12590 20000 35000 THALER BRESLAU MINT MINCTMAASTERS INITIALS, RIM TSEZ aaa MOP a MINTMASTERS PRIVY MARKS (eh): Crossed halberd -T.Zesiar, Lessee of Mot (@eh)-Zerossed halberds (Gat) -3 dossed halberd {D1- HR menograe (0a)-Halbers. e)-HP monogram (1) HT monogram (GI-Ptmanograen LEOPOLD | 1658-1705 3 KREUZER ev Crown suse ute ate bate Minuge” VE Fine VE ar Te Tob A838} 730 a5.00 ‘MOTE: Ease ces (665-1698) ext oe his oe, ope wo, vem 1/2 THALER ‘dovbiensaard eagle In nn cite, croen ave enone 1 2008 80 sO Nore vinctet ova NOTE Cation dt C16652700) onat torte toe THALER siuver ‘bw Bust tention tte, log: LEOPOLOVS, SEAN UER MOO REE her avn. we Er SILESIg, 8 im aro ctrtche, aw #1010 Seis" owew —— 100.20 20009 350.00 60000 Daw #1045, Fete sew Note Vth = 70.00 12600 250.00 400.00 is66:1696) exst ter nasvee TRADE COINAGE 1/4 DUCAT 16 Pe oc0 1B are oe tes (690:1650 oust toa ye DucaT _obw Far Arana bat ant nner ‘av Croed impart eal afoum den date, i rose "TEE fas 0 e780 1250. OWE conte antes x692 265m ext tr nse, 2 DUCAT 7.0900 g. 986 GOLD, 2218 0: AGH ‘an Commsiongari sage a i dts Zoe ee ee TK For dates 61 1692) ast tor ns se JOSEPH | 1705-1711 3 PFENNIG 66 ‘by Orb w vai thin len date ey: Dobie el arn reat tar no 1380 300 $00 oie ee ee ee cena! 3 KREUZER ‘ar Cronnad dabei ai inner ce HME ome Mictage YG Fine VE xP Te eben sto 1553 2086 “2000, H70sFR Seo 100 2000 30.00 Wore =— $00 1900 2000 1000 oan — Seo toe su%0 s0.00 ose S00 1900 2000 «doo IDEM Seo 1900 3090. 49.00 Uitn = S00 1000 200 4a0 ore: vines ont 1/2 THALER suver ‘Steuer te 3 Tater, 124, za yest 19000 20000 360.00 500.00 os Ft — 100.0 20000 30080 $0009 TILFN —t0n00 26060 360.90 300.00 THALER Daw #1028 1221170578 — 18000 20000 $00.00 40.00 ROM MP SEM AUGER. ‘agi w/2 betas on Beat Dow #1020 1262 1707FH ——~ 12000 22500 490,00 700.00 Wore tZORO, 18000 228.00 40000 000 be: AU- CEM SLACK, Ree Ena pertaren on boast, eg onah BURGU=E SLES oss 1080 1283 1709GH/AN — 12000 225.00 400.00 700.00 Breslau Mint / AUSTRIA 4]Breslau Mint / AUSTRIA 42 AGH AEX oto Or A mee er iia AYSTMME owns a I a lS lh ll wore EE a RS He F888 IE TRADE COINAGE 1/12 DUCAT 126 v6 491s, 986 c0L0,.0092 or AoW ow aera val she 998 335 1/8 DUCAT @ Large cron don date above 2 shits ye ES eg mse om fest ccd ig EEE Be aes HB = BRIBE Se Be = 00 14000 250.00 690.00 1/6 DUGAT 26 GOL0,.0186 or AGW iio = Sea 6000 #7500 50000 VY = $080 18900 27800 $00.00, 1/4 DUCAT 750g, 986 G01, 0277 or AoW ‘one taurus ead igh vaue shoul iu Crowne a5 Reese Vice 8023 14080 320c0 73000 ss bso 180.89 39000 13000 ig $090 16060 30080 750.09 4/3 DUCAT ‘ey: Gromned moa ein ones, 3.80 5800.00 1/2 DucAT 1.7909. 886.040, 088 1 AoW =18B BS BE oucar ope naia non by Laureate Susi in toe cee fer romnod pail nt 2 DUCAT 720000 g, 008 G00, 2210+ Ope: Lange laureate baad right in inner cle, ev Crowned maria sale ninner itl, AMz Date inuge VG Fine YF Xr BM al 9 lal tan ie Se oe Se [Bn BeBe 2 Rh BERR aR Be 3 bucar Loto, ae ote on mesmo meet, sSeioatteeittactr ee oe Tin” EES ae ‘CHARLES VI mtn xneuze cxrincatte ae tenn Te ue 132 Ue ee ag votive 22 be BB RE 9 Kreuzer (or: Laurent nua eh in inne sue Yalow, ov Greene dooshania sinner a a ar re = ie is ue ae 28 iB UB Re meee 12 on Smttoo B00 1750 3500 ew Yan bow ng ate 3" so i719 hoo 800 17303300 1g “Seperate 1732 = Reported na onde ‘Boo 703500 Boo Irn 3500 8 1750 3900 30 1380 3800 3 1780 3800 oo 175 3800 88 750 3s00 ug IME is ue be fe i eet EB = eases 6 KREUZER sancti acrasec ae er S68 38.00 60.00 12800 me, "00 2000 5000 1393 3080 $090 1300, 3000. $800 porta. not Coslrmes Report: nt cone mes "0 738 bv. snd rev: W/e Inner circ. aa age a atk 15 KREUZER sur tua 7a "1800 3000 65.00 120.00 Vat 180) 9000 6590 13000 vas W$e0. 3000. 6800 Loe. ay Sco S00 §500 130.0 73 = seo S000 65.00 13000 NOTE: Voraes ens 1/2 THALER a suyer taunt bt hn nner ic ‘avs Cromed double housed eg a nag 1 eoN Soon 250.0 A25 tte reported rot contra tis 7500 18000 S000 420. hae 7500 150.00 23000 «20. Vi23 = 7800 13000 30.00 a2 0 1726 — 800 15000 290.00 #25 0 var 78.00 18000 25000 828. (by arg aureat ust st nag POMS So 00 250.00 425.0 739 $00 1s000 290.00 225.00 W3al 7800 1s000 290.00 425.00 Lae 800 1g000 £50.00 425.09 UB = rhe0 18000 290.00 425 0 ors: voihis et THALER fa Stowe ube Renna cea Daw 21088 vse = 5000 12500 250.00 50 $2.00 12800 280.00 «30. ow #1090 Be er W/o ner cite 6090 12500 25000 480 Dow. 21091 132 1715 = 60.00 125.00 250.00 «80.0