Yet, though the Indian Americans have the supposed cherubimical figures, in their

synhedria, and, through a strong religious principle, dance there, perhaps every winter's
night, always in a bowing posture, and frequently sing Halelu-Yah Yo He Wah

Some customs of the Scythians may well be survivals from their Israelite ancestors.

We know, for example that according to the Mosaic Law the pig was unclean, and
Herodotus tells us that the Scythians 'never use pigs for sacrifice, and will not even breed
them anywhere in the country' (IV, 63).

He continues his line of thought by saying the Anglo-Brigantian inhabitants of northern

Britain were most likely from the Tribe of Asher (called “Aseir”).

The Hebrew word OSR (ayin shin resh) is today pronounced for similar to how Aesir is
pronounced.

It sounds something like "Aye-sir", spoken quickly, and with the emphasis on the first
syllable.

OSR means "ten" in Hebrew.

To this day, traces of the name "Ar-Sereth" are still found north of the Crimea and one of
the streams flowing from the Carpathians into the Danube is the river Sereth.

"Ar," in Hebrew, means City.

From this region the tribes migrated into the northern wilds of Scythia to become known as
the Norsemen (Northmen) and, while Rome was yet in ascendancy under the early
Caesars, far beyond her northern frontiers, the Goths settled the coasts of the Baltic Sea
called by the ancients, "Pelagus Scythicum."

Herodotus describes them as the former colonists of the Medes and Diodorus Siculus
traces them to "two remarkable colonies that were drawn out of Assyria and Media."

Note the Alibamu Indians’ similarity to the Hebrew word, “Oholibamah,” meaning
“tent-dweller.”

“Mandan” is a Siouan word.

Mandans called themselves “Numakik,” meaning “people.”

There is some evidence that the Sioux red people were seeded by the Danites Ireland and
Scandinavia.

Many similarities exist, including their tall statures and their same sweat lodges. Ref: The
Kensington Rune Stone
There are certain facts that suggest that the Celts might have derived from a Jewish
tradition from the East.

The Celtic body of ecclesiastical and civil knowledge was Druidism.

Their system can be traced to about 1800 B.C..

It is recorded in ’Welsh Triads’ that Hugh Gadarn synthesized the wisdom of the ancients
for those whom he led west from Sumer and Mesopotamia.

In ’The Psalter of Cashel’ it states that: ’The Tuatha de Danaan’ ruled in Ireland for about
two centuries, and were highly skilled in architecture and other arts from their long
residence in Greece.’

The Tuatha de Danaan were the descendants of Danaus, the son of Belus, who went with
his fifty daughters to Argos, the home of his ancestrous Io.

In Irish legends the Tuatha de Danaan, who were considered to be demi-gods, were said to
have possessed a Grail-like vessel.

These teachers of wisdom were the founders of the Druidic priesthood." [Van Buren, p.
141-142]

And in Ireland we find they left these "waymarks": Dans-Laugh, Dan-Sower, Dun-dalk,
Dun-drum, Don-egal Bay, Don-egal City, Dun-gloe, Din-gle, Dunsmor west of the Black
Sea.

There we find the rivers Dnieper, Dniester, and the Don.

Then, in either ancient or later geography, we find these waymarks: Dan-au, the Dan-inn,
the Dan-aster, the Dan-dari, the Dan-ez, the Don, the Dan, and the U-don; the Eri-don,
down to the Danes.

Mr. Gladstone, in Juventus Mundi, contends that Danaan is of Phœnician extraction, that a
district near Tripoli, of Syria, is known as Dannié.

He adds, "Pausanias says that at the landing-place of Danaos, on the Argive coast, was a
temple of Poseidon Genesios, of Phœnician origin."

"Part of the tribe of Dan, unable to secure its inheritance, migrated north and captured
Laish, renaming it Dan." [Atlas of the Bible Lands, p. 8]
And the coast of the children of Dan went out too little for them: therefore the children of
Dan went up to fight against Leshem, and took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword,
and possessed it, and dwelt therein, and called Leshem, Dan, after the name of Dan their
father.

This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families, these
cities with their villages. Joshua 19:47-48

And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born
unto Israel: howbeit the name of the city was Laish at the first. Judges 18:29

This was known as the land of the "Sarmatians," and the pass was called the "Sarmatian
Gate."

The Irish word "tuath" means literally "a tribe" or "people."

The earliest settlers in Wales and Southern England were the Simonii -- the descendants of
the tribe of Simeon

The early connection with Greece, Phoenician and Egypt is constantly alluded throughout
the Chronicles [of Ireland] and records of the Irish Dannans" (Dan Pioneer of Israel,
pp.30-31, emphasis added).

The word "Tuatha" simply means "tribe"-"Tuatha...Irish history...A 'Tribe' or 'people' in

Ireland"' (New English Dictionary on Historical principles, vol.10, pt 1, p.441).

The word Dan means Judge in the Hebrew.

"Dan [Heb "Judge"] shall Judge his people as one of the tribes of Israel" (Gen 49:16).

"It is certainly no coincidence that the Irish Gaelic word Dun or Dunn means Judge..."'
(America and Britain in Prophecy, Raymond McNair, p.25, emphasis theirs).

Another Irish Historian Geoffrey Keating mentions the second batch of Danites of Judges
18, who were the third batch of danaans that went to Ireland after the milesians, and he
says: "...the Danaans were a people of great learning and wealth; they left Greece after a
battle with the Assyrians and went to Ireland; and also to Denmark, and called it
'Dan-mares,' Dans' country" (History of Ireland, vol.1, pp.195, 199, emphasis added).

In Hebrew there are no vowels, so the name Dan is written Dn, or its Hebrew equivalent.
Thus words like Dan, Din, Don, Dun, Den, or Dn, correspond to the name of Dan.

In the territory of Sarmatia (or Samaria, meaning the Israelites), were located the rivers
Dn-iper, Dn-ister, and the Don.

In Ireland, today, we find their customary evidence -- their place names -- in abundance.
Such names as Dans-Lough, Dan-Sower, Dan-Monism, Dun-dalke, Dun-drum, Don-egal
Bay, Don-egal City, Dun-glow and Lon-don-derry, as well as Din-gle, Dun-garven and
Duns-more, which means "more dans."

It should be plain that the country of Ireland is replete, filled with names which derive from
the ancient patriarch of the Hebrews -- Dan, the son of Jacob

Jewish Historian Josephus shows that the Lacedemonian (Spartans of Greece) were
actually Danites, and therefore closely related to the Jews. Josephus relates an incredible
letter from Sparta to Judah: "

"Jonathan the high priest of the Jewish nation to the ephori and senate and the people of
the Lacedemonians, send greeting:

"When in former times an epistle was brought to Onias, who was then our high priest . . . we
have discovered that both the Jews and the Lacedemonians are of one stock, and are
derived from the kindred of abraham...concerning the kindred that was between us and you,
a copy of which is here subjoined, we both joyfully received the epistle ... because we were
well satisfied about it from the sacred writings, yet did not we think fit, first to begin the claim
of this relation to you, the glory which is now given us by you. It is a long time since this
relation of ours to you hath been renewed, and when we, upon holy and festival days offer
sacrifices to God, we pray to Him for your preservation and victory ... You will, therefore, do
well yourselves to write to us, and send us an account of what you stand in need of from us,
since we are in all things disposed to act according to your desires... This letter is
foursquare: and the seal is an eagle, with a dragon [snake or serpent] in its claws"
(Antiquities of the Jews, bk 12 chapter 4 sec 10; XIII, 5, 8, emphasis added).

"According to Homer's Iliad, the Spartans were first called Danaans, and hailed from
Phoenicia, home of the ancient Israelite tribe of Danites."

The Greeks: Homer used many names for the Greeks in the Iliad, and Virgil copies him.

You will find the Greeks called Danaans, Achaeans, Argives, Dolopians, Dorians
indiscriminately.

Dorian: yet another name for "Greek".

Strictly the Dorians, who included the Spartans, were one of the three races of Greeks, and
the last one to settle in Greece proper, which they probably did some centuries after the
Trojan War.

"Now, the question remains, how do we know the Spartans were the offspring of the tribe
of Dan?

Aside from the fact that the Spartans wore long hair as a symbol of their power (like
Samson) there is a legend written about the son of Belus, king of the Spartans -- in which is
given the story of one named ’Danaus,’ who arrived in Greece with his daughters by ship.
According to the legend, his daughters called themselves Danades.

They introduced the cult of the mother goddess, which became the established religion of
the Arcadians and developed over the years into the worship of Diana.

The Spartans so loved their king that they called themselves Danaans -- long before they
adopted the name of Spartans.

Also in the legend is a record of the arrival of ’colonists from Palestine.’

Please note, the man who headed the expedition was named Danaus.

He may well have been of the tribe of Dan, and thus would have been the progenitor of the
ancient Spartans." [Church, p. 120-21]

From The Annals of Ireland, we read, "The Dan'ans were a highly civilized people, well
skilled in architecture and other arts from their long residence in Greece, and their
intercourse with the Phoenicians.

Their first appearance in Ireland was 1200 B.C., or 85 years after the great victory of
Deborah."

In the early 1200s B.C., in a song commemorating a great Israelite military victory, the
Judge Deborah lamented that, during the battle, the men of "Gilead stayed beyond the
Jordan [River], and [asked] why did Dan remain on ships?" (Judges 5:17).

"Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in thy fairs" (Ezek. 27:19 KJV)

“Svea Rikes Historia,” was written by Lagerbring and published in 1769.

He mentions the striking similarities of the Hebrew language compared with the language of
the Finns and the Lapps.

In Lagerbrings’ time, this led some to believe that both peoples must have been either
remnants of the Canaanites or of the nine or ten Tribes of Israel, carried away by
Salmanasser (Part I, Chapter 1, p. 45).

He refers to another work which demonstrates how 200 words in the Lappish language
resemble the Hebrew.

“Many villages in Finland bear an exact resemblance to the names of various places in
Persia, where peradventure the carried-away Israelites lived for a certain length of time” (p.
45).

Dalin further relates that they were also called “husbandmen.”

“They farmed the land with greater diligence than the Vodiner and build hamlets.

Yet another race — a mixture of Scythians, Greeks and Hebrews, bearing the name Neuri
joined themselves to both of the two previously mentioned races.

Thus from three peoples they became like one, who moved toward the west to our Finnish
and Swedish belts of rock off the coast.

In regard to the Neuri, who actually are the very tribe in the direction of the Finns, Lapps
and Estonians, it should be noted that they are found to be remnants of the ten families of
Israel, who Salmanasser, the King of Assyria, took captive from Canaan.

After one and a half year’s traveling, they moved to a land where no man had yet dwelt,
called Arfareth and corresponds to the Scythians’ Arfaratha.

When one finds how much the languages of the old Finns, Lapps and Estonians agree with
the Hebrew, plus the fact that this people anciently figured the beginning of the year from
the first of March and figured Saturday as their Sabbath, one also sees that the Nueri in all
probability have had this origin” (Dalin, Sven-rikes Historia, Volume I, pp. 49-55

“Issachar was a son of Jacob and Leah, and the tribe’s inheritance was southwest of the
Sea of Galilee.

After their migration into Asia, they were one of the many Sacae tribes of South Russia.

There is one possible identification of them among the Sacae tribes.

During the second century B.C., a tribe known as the “Tochari” migrated with the
Massagetae and other Sacae tribes out of central Asia and into new homelands on the
western edge of the Parthian Empire.

Numbers 26:23 identifies one of Issachar’s clans as being named after “Tola,” one of
Issachar’s sons.

It is possible that the Scythian tribal name “Tochar-I” is a composite word composed of the
first syllable from the word “To-la” and the last syllable from the word “Issa-char.”

Since Tola was a clan of Issachar, the two words would have been often linked together in
their usage.

A more specific evidence of the Issacharites passing through Russia on their way to Europe
with the rest of the Sacae is the name “Tula,” which has been (for many centuries) the name
of a Russian city south of Moscow.

Plotting a course on a map from the Caucasus region past Tula would lead one directly to
Finland and Scandinavia.

This indicates that the tribe of Issachar took a more northerly route into Europe.

That Thule, Greenland was settled by Scandinavians indicates that the clan of Tola was
involved with this settlement.
The Hebrew word for "two burdens" (Hebrew: "Mishpatayim") may also be translated as
meaning "Between the Walls", or "boundaries".

"In Greek myth. . .[is] the legend of King Belaus, one Danaus, who arrives in Greece with
his daughters, by ship.

His daughters are said to have introduced the cult of the mother goddess, which became
the established cult of the Arcadians.

According to Robert Graves the Danaus myth records the arrival in the Peleponnesus of
’colonists from Palestine.’

Graves states that King Belaus is in fact Baal, or Bel -- or perhaps Belial from the Old
Testament." [Baigent, Holy Blood, p. 275]

"At that particular time Arcadia was ruled by Spartans.

The Spartans placed a special magical significance on their long hair . . .associated with
their great strength.

There appears to have been a relationship between the Spartans and the Jews.

In the Apocryphal we read: ’It has been found in writing concerning the Spartans and the
Jews that they are brethren and are of the family of Abraham.’ (Maccabees I 12:21)" [Van
Buren, p. 45]

"In Celtic, Zion means Mount of Stone or Fortress.

Huge monoliths and piles of stones were positioned to form circles.

The latter were called Si’un or Caers and were placed on top of hills or mounds.

On May-eve and November 1st the Druids built great fires on the Zions, so that for miles
around the flames on the top of the mound could be seen by the people.

The Chief Druid stood in the centre of the circle during the service that approached a large
central stone which was called the Stone of the Covenant.

In Ireland it was called Bethel, the house of God." [Van Buren, pp. 142-43]

Why did Dan remain in ships? Judges 5:17

And of Dan he said, Dan is a lion’s whelp: he shall leap from Bashan. Deuteronomy 33:22

Diodorus of Sicily (Greek historian, 1st century B.C.) writes, "They say also that those who
set forth with Danaus, likewise from Egypt, settled what is practically the oldest city of
Greece, Argos, and that the nations of the Colchi in Pontus and that of the Jews, which lies
between Arabia and Syria, were founded as colonies by certain emigrants from their
country; and this is the reason why it is a long-established institution among these two
peoples to circumcise their male children... the custom having been brought over from
Egypt" (bk. 1, sec. 23, 1-5)

A book entitled Hellenosemitica (1965) goes to great lengths to show that the Greek
"Hellenes" and the Israelite "Semites" were closely related.

This book mentions two branches of the Danites ("Danunians" and "Danaans"), and shows
that these people once occupied the island of Cyprus.

It also mentions the Cyprian "tradition of the Danaan migration from the eastern
Mediterranean" (pp. 14, 79)

"And already Hecataeus of Abdera represented both the Jewish Exodus and the Greek
migration of Danaos and Cadmus as episodes of one and the same event.

Thence the assertion that the Spartans (whose kings claimed descent from Danaos) are
brothers of the Jews and descend from Abraham's kindred" (p. 98).

"Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in thy fairs" (Ezek. 27:19 KJV)

Irish historian Thomas Moore says that one of the earliest resident peoples of Ireland--the
Firbolgs--were dispossessed by the Tuatha de Danaan, "who after sojourning for some time
in Greece... proceeded from thence to Denmark and Norway" (History of Ireland, vol. 1, p.
59).

The Celtic British historian Gildas in the 500s CE believed the British Celts ("Britones") to be
of Israelite descent (Crawford p.52 quotes from O'Corrain and Breen, "The Laws of the
Irish", 1984, p.394)

"...the prominence of Hebrew features in Irish canon law collections (including Biblical cities
of Refuge and Jubilee Years) together with Mosaic prohibitions on diet and injunctions on
tithes.

There was also a Hebrew treatment of the sanctuary and finally there were many Hebrew
words occurring in cryptographic monastic Irish works such as Hisperica Famina".
The Israelite Tribe of Naphtali therefore became the Nephtali-Huns (or Hephtalitesas they
are also called) who together with the Dani were once in east Scythia.

The Book of Tobias (Tobit) thus testifies to the presence of Israelite Exiles from the Tribe of
Naphtali in the Cadussi area.

Later we have evidence of a people to the north in Scythia who were known as Naphtalites
also being referred to as Cadussi or Kadussi.

The very name Kadussimay be derived from a Hebrew word meaning Holy Ones(Kadoshi).

Hephthalites are among the ancestors of modern-day Pashtuns.

According to academic Yu. V. Gankovsky, “ [The Pashtuns began as a] union of largely

East-Iranian tribes which became the initial ethnic stratum of the Pashtun ethnogenesis,
dates from the middle of the first millennium CE and is connected with the dissolution of the
Epthalite (White Huns) confederacy.

[...] Of the contribution of the Epthalites (White Huns) to the ethnogenesis of the Pashtuns
we find evidence in the ethnonym of the largest of the Pashtun tribe unions, the Abdali
(Durrani after 1747) associated with the ethnic name of the Epthalites — Abdal.

The Siah-posh, the Kafirs (Nuristanis) of the Hindu Kush, called all Pashtuns by a general
name of Abdal still at sing of the 19th century. [20] ”

In Arabic and Persian they are known as Haital and in Armenian as Haithal, Idal or Hepthal .

The Chinese name Yetha seems an attempt to represent the same sound.

In India they were called Hunas .

Ephthalite is the usual orthography, but Hephthalite is perhaps more correct .

Ephthalites was the name given by Byzantine historians and Hayathelaites by the Persian
historian Mirkhond, and sometimes Ye-tai or Hua by Chinese historians.

The root to European Huns could more or less be the Hephthalites, Ephthalites,
abadhdalites, Abadhalite, Abadali has all the same meaning, it was the name given by
Byzantine historians, they are also known as the White Huns.

Ephthalites are one of the other biggest tribe of Afghanistan known as Abadhali.
To say that Polyandry existed among Hephthalites where many brothers altogether married
with one woman which means women enjoying greater freedom to choose and divorce is
next to impossible in Hephthalites time when we know the fact that Ephthalites were male
dominant society.

The type of Polyandry that was practiced by Ephthalites is type of fraternal polyandry where
two brothers shared one wife, and that only happened when the first brother is either killed
or disappeared.

Xiyon, (Hiun/Hion)

This scholar mantains that the Yue-Chi = Yeudi(Jews) = Indian Jats = Tutons and Britons.

Also Hephthalites are from the Israelite tribe of Naphthali.

He also harkens to carefully selected quotes from classical sources to make his point!:

". ....In the same article the Britannica says: "The Hephthalites . . . [were] originally a
Yueh-chih tribe."

They were also known as the "White Huns" and their names are sometimes given as
"Nephthalites" (compare "Ephthalites, or White Huns," Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th
Edition, on-line at 89.1911encyclopedia.org/e/ep/Ephthalites.htm) likely, as Collins points
out, a derivation of the Israelite tribe of Naphtali (p. 237).

If the name Yueh-chih perhaps derives from Judah or Yehudah, then the description of
Naphtali as a Yueh-chih tribe could possibly indicate that the Jews were dispersed
throughout the other tribes as leaders in their migrations."

Collins sees a connection between the Jats and the Jutes of Europe (p. 343), and one may
well exist—particularly when we realize that a Norse equivalent for the Scythian names
Geat or Goth was Jat (see the Edda genealogy in Appendix 10: "The Family of Odin").

But who were the Jutes?

They were a tribe of people who gave their name to Jutland, the mainland peninsula of
Denmark.

the people who were later known as the Juten or Yuten (as J is pronounced Y in German
and Scandinavian languages) would originally have been known as the Juden or Yuden.

With the Hebrew plural this would be Judim or Yudim—J’hudim or Y’hudim being the actual
Hebrew for Jews. Indeed, Juden is the German word for Jews.

The Nation of Khumry, misnamed as the "Welsh", are reliably traced back in time and
distance as the "lost" Ten Tribes of Israel.

The Khumry, who are misnamed as the "Welsh" by using the Anglo-Saxon High German
word "wallische" meaning "strangers", are concealed under this gross misappellation, and
they are simply the allegedly "lost" Ten Tribes.

In ancient Assyria between 720-687 BC, a certain people called the Ten Tribes of Israel -
known to the Assyrians as the "Khumry" were deported to Armenia.

Following this in 687-650 BC, they then left Armenia and marched through Asia Minor to the
Dardanelles.

The Khumry at this time were called the Kimmeroi by the Greeks.

Half the Nation went to found Etruria around 650 BC, and the remainder sailed for Britain.

In Norse myth, it is said that a Nor/Nori and Gor founded Norway, and that Nor had a son by
the name "Gard," a term evoking the old name of the Kurds, said to have been the same as
the Guti peoples of Iran.

It therefore seems an easy deduction (as some, though not all, historians believe) that the
Guti/Gard became the Getae/Edones of Thrace who in turn became the Goths/Jutes of
Scandinavia (that were there called "Eotens/Ytones").

Gadelian" and the name "Goth" to "Gad,"

Transliteration: Gad

Phonetic Spelling: (gawd)

Short Definition: Gad

In The Two Babylons, compiled by Alexander Hislop, the author tells us that "from the
researches of Humboldt we find that the mexicans celebratio Wodan as the found of their
race, just as our own ancestors did.

The Wodan or Odin of Scandinavia can be proved to be the [same as] the Wodan of
Mexico"

Continues Hislop: "...the fact that that name had been borne by some illustrious hero among
the supposed ancestors of the Mexican people, is put BEYOND ALL DOUBT by the singular
circumstance that the Mexicans had one of their days called wodansday, exactly as we
ourselves have" (Loizeaux Brothers, N.J. 1959. Pp. 133-134).

What is even more interesting is that a sub-tribe of these Flatheads called themselves
“Tuadhu” (pronounced “thingyhu”).

This is the exact same name as the general proper name for Franks and other Teutonic
tribes, all meaning, “The People.” Note also “Tuatha de Danaan.”

Ancient Gael concept of the word Tuath really meant 'people' and from this the root word
emerged 'Deutsch'.

Diodorus of Sicily c. 50 B.C. describes a man named Danaus who settled in Argos, and that
Athens was colonised from Egypt.

The word Dan appears on many names of the Greeks.

Clans of Reuben: Chanoch (Hanoch) became the Chauci, who were also known as the
Hugo in both Scythia and the west.

They became part of the Franks and Saxons.

Palui (Phalu) is recalled in the region of Falia (Phalia in Germany) whence the Franks
invaded Gaul.

Chetsroni (Hezron) became the Chassuari and Istaevones (Sicambri).

These peoples all were part of the Franks, who gave their name to France.

Carmi: after being exiled was recalled in Carmania in southern Iran, in the Crimea of
Scythia, and in the Carini Franks in Gaul.

And these are the names of the children of Israel which came into Egypt, Jacob and his
sons: Reuben, Jacob's firstborn. "And the sons of Reuben: Hanoch, and Phalu:, and
Hezron, and Carmi". Genesis 46; 8-9

Reuben inherited part of Israel adjoining the Euphrates River.

Descendants of Reuben were referred to as "Rabeans" in the Mari correspondence from

northern Syria.

Reuben was also recalled in Northeast "Syria", in the Geography of Ptolemy (based on
Ancient Sources) as the Rahabbanai.

After being exiled a portion of the tribe of Reuben was recorded as the Rhabbanai in East
Scythia, and later as the Ribuari (Franks) in Gaul.

"Ribuari" means Reubeni.

They were also known as the Rubi.

A Scythian people, the Heniochi (cf. Hanochi of Reuben), had been reported of in the
Caucasus region.

To the east of Scythia (in "Serica") the Rhabbanei of Reuben had bordered the Garinaei
who are identifiable with Eri: or "Geri" (òøé) of Gad, the Damnae whose name elsewhere
was pronounced like that of Dan, and the Aspacarae whose name is a form (as explained
later) of Joseph.

In the Land of Israel, the tribe of Reuben is called "Rahabbanai" on Ptolemy's map of
"Arabia".

Reuben in the Land of Israel east of the Jordan had adjoined half-Menasseh of Joseph and
Gad.

This is the same pattern as we later find in Serica east of Scythia. In west Europe the
Franks were divided into several groups of whom the main ones are assumed to have been
the Ripuarian Franks, the Salian Franks, and the Chatti or Hessians.

The ancient Greeks and Romans (as well as the Hebrews), when they came across a
foreign name, were wont to interpret its meaning according to a similar sounding word in
their own language.

This was especially so when the word in question was descriptively pertinent, as it was in
the case of the "River-bank" (i.e. "Ripuari") Franks on the Rhine.

"Ribuari" however is how the name is sometimes rendered and appears to have been the
Franks own name for themselves.

"Ribuari" therefore means sons of Reuben which was the name of their ancestor.

Reuben in Hebrew could also be rendered Reubar

A shortened form of Reuben is "Rubi" and a people by that name were situated at one
stage on the banks of the Rhine.

They appear to have also been Ribuari Franks. In 276 c.e. the Franks were reported as
encroaching on the borders of Roman Gaul together with the Alamans.

They were pushed back to their bases on the Rhine after which they began a process of
peaceful infiltration receiving lands from the Romans in return for military services.

Apart from the Ribuari, the Franks included the Salian Franks and the Hessians.

In the region of Holland, Salian Franks intermixed with Sigambri.

The Sigambri and Ambri (under the very same names) had encountered Alexander the
Great east of the Caspian in Scythia and had also been reported besides Nysia on the
Indus.

The name Sigambri was another form used in Europe for Sicambrian and were represented
(by Ptolemy) as the Scymbi-Scyths in the Hugie area of Scythia.

They are associated with Secem, a clan of Menasseh.

Part of the Sigambri in Scythia neighbored the Salei, who according to Pliny had been east
of the Caspian on the Jaxartes River banks.

The Salei in Europe became the Salian Franks and these intermixed with the Sicambri and
became identified with them.

In Scythia they had also been associated with each other.

The Salians17 after merging with the Sicambri in Europe were henceforth altogether also
known as Sicambri.

These, due to Hun pressure in the early 400s c.e., overran Belgium and Northern France.

At about the same time more Ripuarian Franks with Alamans entered Gaul from east of the
Rhine where they had been centered in Westphalia.

The Franks sojourned in East- and in West- Phalia.

The name "Phalia" wherein the Franks had been sojourning is derived from that of the
Phalui, descendants of the second son of Reuben (Numbers 26;5).

The Phalui or Falhi (Franks) in Eastphalhia were known also as Cheruski and were
absorbed by the Saxons.

There were Saxons contingents who later settled in Gaul alongside the Franks.

The Phalian Franks descended from Phalui while the "Hugo" Franks (Chauci) came from
both Gad (Hagi) and Hanoch of Reuben. Hanoch was recalled earlier in the Heniochoi who
had been in the Scythian area of the Caucasus on the eastern coast of the Black Sea (Pliny,
N.H. 6; 26).

The third son of Reuben, Hetsroni (Chetsroni), is recalled in the Istaevones who were a
division of the Germanic peoples enumerated by Tacitus and Pliny.

They were said to comprise several tribes (Tacitus: "Germania" 2) but the only one
identified for sure were the Sicambri who amalgamated with the Salian Franks.

The name Hetsron was to be connected to that of the Hessuari (Chattuari) who, together
with the Chamavi, Bructeri, Amsivarians, and Sicambri, were in the northern sphere which
the Franks later occupied and whose people became the Hessian Franks or Chatti21.

The name Hesse may be derived from Hushim (Hus-im) son of Dan (Genesis 46; 23) and at
first the Franks were attributed a Danish origin or association.

The fourth son of Reuben, Carmi:, is recalled in the Charini.

The Charini are included in the Vandili group by Pliny together with Vandili, Burgundians,
and Gutones. [The Gutones were Goths descendants of Gad and past associates of
Reuben].

Groups of Vandili were to settle in France.

Carmi: is also a name associated with the Cimmerians.

The Cimmerians for a time were based in southern Russia in the Crimea, which was named
after them: The Crimea is known locally as "Krim".

In addition Carmi: gave his name to Carmania in southern Iran wherein and besides which
several other groups from both Gad (Gadophydres, Pasar-gadae, Gadrosia) and Reuben
(Carmania, Parthia, the Astaveni from Hetsroni) were noticeable in earlier times.

In Scythia the Hugie (Franks) appeared in the area associated with the eastern Goths who
were also called Tokharians or Togar.

A similar name occurred in east Serica where the Rhabbanei were neighboured by the
Taguri and Thogara.

The said names recall the Thoringi who were the main tribe of the Ribuarian Franks in
Europe.

The Ribuarian or "Ripuarian" Franks (of whom the primary tribe were the Thoringi) were
known as Ribuari23 which word in Hebrew would have had the same meaning as Reuben
just like the Rhabbanei of Serica were named after Reuben.

The names for the sons of Reuben parallel those of important Frankish groups;
Hanoch=Hugo; Phalui=Falhi; and Hetsron (Chetsron)=Istaevone & Hessuari (Chattuari),
with the fourth son Carmi: being represented by the Charini.

All these groups were amongst the settlers of France.

An important descendant of Reuben and apparently the founder of a clan (1-Chronicles 5;3)
was called Gog.

"Gog" is a name applicable to part of the Tribe of Reuben as well as being the name of a
foreign northern king, "the chief prince of Meshek and Tubal"; "Gog, land of Magog"
(Ezekiel 38;2-3).

The Tribe of Reuben was intertwined to some extent with that of Gad which name in
Hebrew could be pronounced like the name for Goth.

Maybe the Reubenite clan of Gog in the Caucasian province of Gogarene (Iberia) and its
Gothic-connection caused later authors to confuse the Goths and Scyths with Gog and
Magog?

In Tibetan literature the area of Serica (once populated by the Rhabbanei and other groups)
was at a time referred to as "Gog".

Both Gog and Magog and the Goths were identified in folklore with the Ten Tribes of Israel.
"Galatae" is the name applied to the Gauls in Greek writings while the same people were
called "Galli" by the Romans.

Both "Galatae" and "Galli" are Hebrew nominations.

"Galli" connotes both "Exiles" (as noted by Apartian) and "Galilaean".

The name "Galatae" is rendered "Galadi" in some accounts and is a form of the Hebrew
name "Gilead".

The Galatians or Galati were also known as Galadi and in French this is a form of the
Hebrew name "Gilead".

The Tribe of Reuben had originally settled east of the Jordan in the land of Gilead (Joshua
22;9).

The Lygian-Vandal tribes corresponded in nomenclature with the sons of Asher: Boreoi
equalled Beriah, the Omani came from Yimnah, and the Heissi were "Isui", or "Ishuah" sons
of Asher.

Note the Alibamu Indians’ similarity to the Hebrew word, “Oholibamah,” meaning
“tent-dweller.”

Apache (Dene (Dine) —from “Dan” —meaning “people”) (also includes Navajo) comes from
“apachu” (Ponchteca — Mayan name for “trading people”), which is a Zuni word for
“enemy.”

Apaches also called themselves T’inde or lnde (a.k.a. Dene).

The Arikara were Tanish (“original people”). Dan (“people”) and ish

Many Lemba beliefs and practices can be linked to Judaism. According to Dr. Rudo
Mathivha,[2] this includes the following:

* They are monotheists and call their creator God “Nwali”.

* Like the Jewish Shabbat, they hold a day of the week to be holy and praise Nwali.

Nagual (pronounced nah-wa'hl) as a term used in the books of Carlos Castaneda refers to a
fundamental yet inconceivable dimension of reality
It has been a point of discussion to which degree nagualism represents a pre-Columbian
belief system and to which degree it is modelled on European popular religion.

Chippewa (Ojibwas) and Chippenham are probably variations of the same morpheme seen
in “Kjobnhann” (Copenhagen), which is pronounced almost identically to “Chippenham” by
the Danes.

The Salishan (Flathead) tribes of the Northwest called themselves “Se-lic,” a name
reminiscent of the Salic Franks of the time before Charlemagne, a time known as the
“Migration of the Peoples.

Dr. Barry Fell has linked them to Basque and Ogam, the Indian deed signatures being the
first or first and second syllables of the chiefs’ names.

Fell earlier had deciphered the Cypro-Minoan signatures of Abenaki chiefs on a 1729 treaty
with the British in Nova Scotia, Algonkian signatures on the Nipomuck Indian deed to
Sutton, Massachusetts, (1681), and others.

Dr. Fell says that the Cree/Objibwa syllabary used today has many matches with ancient
Basque inscriptions.

Over a universe wrapped in the gloom of a dense and primeval night passed the god
Hurakan, the mighty wind.

He called out "earth," and the solid land appeared.

1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.

2 The earth became ruined and desolate, and darkness was over the surface of the deep,
and the Spirit of God was moving over the surface of the waters.

9 Then God said, "Let the waters below the heavens be gathered into one place, and let the
dry land appear"; and it was so.

In Greek eyes, the Phoenicians-proper were the same as the Israelite tribes inhabiting the
Phoenician coast.

Romans called them “Poenes” or “Puni.”

The Puni (or Phuni, the descendants of Phua) were a clan in the Tribe of lssachar
(Numbers 26:23, 24), who at one time had conquered the “Phoenician” mother city of Sidon.

The Phoenicians also were known as the “Puni,” and “Puni” is a clan name among the Tribe
of Issachar
“Of the sons of Issachar after their families ... of Pua, the family of the Puni...” - (Numbers
26:23)

Puni is a rural locality in the Franklin District in the North Island of New Zealand.

Punia can refer to:

* Punia, Lithuania, town in Lithuania

* Punia (Hinduism), gotra or clan of Jat people in India

In his History of the Jews, the Jewish scholar and theologian Flavius Josephus (37 - 100
A.D.), wrote that the Greek philosopher Aristotle had said: "...These Jews are derived from
the Indian philosophers; they are named by the Indians Calani." (Book I:22.)

Clearchus of Soli wrote, "The Jews descend from the philosophers of India.

The philosophers are called in India Calanians and in Syria Jews.

The name of their capital is very difficult to pronounce.

It is called 'Jerusalem.'"

"Megasthenes, who was sent to India by Seleucus Nicator, about three hundred years
before Christ, and whose accounts from new inquiries are every day acquiring additional
credit, says that the Jews 'were an Indian tribe or sect called Kalani...'" (Anacalypsis, by
Godfrey Higgins, Vol. I; p. 400.)

Martin Haug, Ph.D., wrote in The Sacred Language, Writings, and Religions of the Parsis,
"The Magi are said to have called their religion Kesh-î-Ibrahim.

They traced their religious books to Abraham, who was believed to have brought them from
heaven." (p. 16.)

There are certain striking similarities between the Hindu god Brahma and his consort
Saraisvati, and the Jewish Abraham and Sarai, that are more than mere coincidences.

Although in all of India there is only one temple dedicated to Brahma, this cult is the third
largest Hindu sect.

Hebrew
Kashmiri

Ani (he spark of life) Agni (Vedic god

of fire)
Avoda (work; labor) Vud; Wud (skilled
labor)

Ayeen (void; non-being) Ayen

(eternity)

Cabala (acceptance) Cabul

(acceptance)

Guevara (force) Gav'r

(surrounding and attacking)

Keter (crown) Kash'r

(crown of the head)

Kijum (destiny)
Ko-Yimi (path to death)

Klim (nothing) Kholi

(nothing)

Malkuth (kingdom) Mulakh (kingdom)

Nefesh (soul) Naph's

(soul; spirit self)

Sephiroth (spiritual energy centers) Sipath (spiritual

energy centers)

Yesu; Yesh; Yeh; Yahu; Yakhu; Yah; Yao; Ie(The Material Universe) The same as in
Judaism

Yesh me Ayeen (The Goal of Creation) Yech me ayen

(Creation Fused to the Void)

Zohar (brilliance) Swar; Svar

(Heaven; light; brilliance)

Thakur Deshraj has mentioned in his book on History of Jats “Jat Itihas” (Hindi) (1934) that
the country Assyria gets its name from Asiagh gotra Jats.

The origin of word Asiagh is from Sanskrit word ‘Asi’ meaning sword.

According to Kautilya the people who depended on ‘Asi’ (sword) for their living were known
as Asiagh.

The Asiaghs moved from Asirgarh in Malwa to Europe.

Those who settled in Jangladesh were called Asiagh and those who moved to Scandinavia
were known as Asi.
Jats entered Scandinavia around 500 BCE and their leader was Odin.

James Tod considers Odin to be derived from Buddha or Bodan.

The Asi Jats founded Jutland as their homeland in Scandinavia.

The religious book of Scandinavia ‘Edda’ mentions that the ancient inhabitants of
Scandinavia were Jats or Jits known as Asi people and came to this land from Asirgarh.

Asirgarh is a site of an ancient fort situated in Burhanpur district of Malwa region in Madhya
Pradesh, India.

Thakur Deshraj further quotes Scandinavian writer Mr Count Johnsturn who says that
Scandinavians came from India.

According to James Tod Scandinavia is derived from Sanskrit word ‘Skandhnabh’.

The above view is further supported by Mangal Sen Jindal (1992): History of Origin of Some
Clans in India (with special Reference to Jats), (ISBN 81-85431-08-6) that the people of
Scandinavia were Jats and they founded Jutland as their homeland.

Furthermore, there was "The eight Commandments" in KoChoSun.

It contains such provisions as "You don't steal...", "You don't kill man...." and so on.

This eight commandement are very similar to "The ten Commandments".

When they hold a religious service, the Israelitis built an altar of stone and offered a sheep
or a calf as a sacrifice.

Similarly when they hold a religious ceremony, the ancient Koreans offered a calf as a
sacrifice at the altar of stone.

But because their culture was agriculture, they offered the calf as a sacrifice in stead of the
sheep.

Third, we can take the similarity of funeral rites.

When man died, the Israelitis incensed in a burner and wailed in linen clothes.

The Koreans incense and wail in linen clothes likewise even now.

Fourth, we can take the similarity of the modes of cultivation.

The Israelitis cultivated their land with a shovel and a hoe.

The main farm implements of Korean agriculture were the shovel and hoe likewise.
Fifth, we can take the similarity of food, clothing and housing.

The Israelitis liked to put on white robe. So they were called "the white-robed race".

The Koreans liked to put on white robe likewise. So they were called "the white-robed race".

As for the woman's affairs, when they went out, Hebrew women covered their face with
veils.

Korean women were veils likewise when they went out in the age of ChoSun dynasty.

Furthermore, when they drew water, Korean women carried the pitcher on their heads, like
Israel women did.

As for food, the Koreans likes to eat leek and Israeli Carp, like the Israelitis do.

The leek and Israeli Carp are peculiar to the Israelis and Koreans.

Sixth, we can take the similarity of customs.

The Israelitis put blood on the top and both sides of the doorframe on Passover (Exodus
12:22).

The Korean also prepared lentil stew and put it on the top and both sides of the doorframe
on the winter solstice.

Because the Koreans had no sheep, they used the red colour of lentil stew instead.

English Korean Gaelic ["hebrew]

Father Abba Abba
Nose koh koh akh
Mother am mah ammah
Aunt achumai achumai
Fatherly abi abiy
Head mawree marat
Foot baal baar
Son ahdoll adalya
Leg taadi kada
Dog kel keleb
Bird tsi tsippor
Yes neh nai
No anyin ayin
Sun hey cheres

Japan is known by three names, Neponset, Hehan, and Japan.

Amerindian names from only the East Coast of America show the following
tribes…Neponset, Niantic, and Shippan, “Where the spirit first rises”, “Where the sun first
rises”.
Gad

Gad a name for Goth. The Hebrew term "Gad" can be pronounced in some modern Hebrew
dialects as"Goth".

Gudos was also a name for the Goths.

Getae were a Gothic group in the Balkans and Scandinavia or the name is just another form
of Goth.

Guti was a name for the Goths both in Scandinavia and east of the Caspian though some
modern historians incorrectly transliterate the name (from Chinese characters) as
"Yueh-chi".

Guthones = Goths on Baltic coast.

Gautoi in Scandinavia.

Gadrosia in Iran.,

Gad was a name for Goths and an identifying root in Gothic toponomy.

Pasargadoi meant Sons of Gadin ancient Iran.

Thatagydes in ancient Afghanistan: "Thata-" represented the Teutons and "Gydes" the
Goths.

Gadeni in Scotland.

Gaedhal in ancient Scotland and Ireland.

Geddingas were an Anglo-Saxon associated sub-tribe.

Clans of Gad:

Ziphion Thaifalli (Gothic allies from Scythia migrated to France),

Haggi (Chaggi)

Chauci (Franks also known as "Hugo", and as "Hocing"). Yngling (Sweden), Cauci (Ireland).

Hugeonots of France named after a legendary Hugo identifiable as Haggi of Gad.

Shuni (Suni) Suiones (Sweden).

Etsbon Bastarnae (Gothic Galatian group moved to France), Astings, Hastings (Vandal
group invaded England and Scotland).

Ozni Osnabruch (Frankish Germany).

Eri (Geri) Grani (Sweden), Greotingi (Goths, Sweden).

Arodi (Ha-Arodi) Harudi (Norway), Hreadgoths (Scandinavia).

Areli (Ha-Eruli) Eruli (Herules) -associated with Goths, Sweden.

Guni Chouni (Huns), see Guni of Naphtali (Egan -Denmark, Gugerni- Holland).

Possible meaning of the names:

Gad - Good Fortune, A troop of soldiers

Ziphion - The Northerner, the secretive modest one
Haggi - The Rejoicer
Suni - The beautiful Handsome One
Etsbon - Creator, the Sensitive One
Ozni Attentive Well-Balanced
Eri Alert
Arodi A Wild Donkey, a powerful serpent
Areli The Lion
Guni The Protector and Protected

Gad dominated Sweden but also had offshoots all over Europe especially in France, maybe
Spain, Holland, and elsewhere

Tribe of Napthali

"And the sons of Naphtali; Jahzeel, and Guni, and Jezer, and Shilem" Genesis 46; 24

<<The river which since the end of World War-II marks the border between Norway and
Russia is called Granse Jakobs elv which means Jacob's border river>> Orjan Svennson

Naphtali
Naphtalite-Huns (= Thyssagetae of east Scythia, =Sian Yueh-chi i.e. Little Goths.) migrated
to Norway Thule (Norway).

Clans of Nephtali:
Jahzeel = Zeeland (Holland), Zealand (Denmark), Yssel (Scandinavia).
Guni = Egan (Norway), Gugerni (Holland), Chouni (Huni, Huns of Scandinavia etc.)
Jezer = Jassar (Alans);. Vraesi (Denmark, emigrated en-masse to Britain).
Shillem = Sillingae (amongst the Vandals, Holland, and Scandinavia).

The Tribe of Dan

"And the sons of Dan; Hushim" Genesis 46; 23.

"These are the sons of Dan after their families: of Shuham, the family of the Shuhami.
These are the families of Dan after their families" Numbers 26; 42.

Dan

Dan: Don, Danaster, Danaper, Danube (all rivers associated with the Scyths).
Danuna: One of the Sea-Peoples. From Cilicia (south-east Turkey) they moved with the
Jutes to Denmark.

Dangalai (Iran), apparently moved to Scythia.

Danava (a Scythian Tribe),

Dana (from Lebanon-Israel to Ireland, Tuatha de Danaan).

Don (Wales,)

Damnones (Scythia, Scotland, south-west Britain, also known as "Dannonia"),

Dani (Danes of Denmark).

Shucham (Suham) = Suehan (Sweden), Suoumi (Finland, also associated with

Simeon).

Husham (Hussem) = Hesse (Franks in Germany

Shimeon (Simeon)

Samnitae (Scythia),

Semnoni (Germany, included the Angle-group prior to their invasion of Britain, see the
coming issue of our magazine Brit-Am Truthissue no.8 for an interesting article concerning
Biblical-like practices amongst these people when they were still pagans in Northern
Europe.

Simuen Ireland

Simeni Wales

Semoni East Celtic Britain),

Samnites Brittany Gaul in present-day France.

Clans of Simeon:

¨ Nemuel = Nemetae (Gaul), Nemnetes? (Gaul).

¨ Ohad = Headobards (Lombards migrated from Scandinavia to

North Italy).

¨ Yamin = Yom (Viking group), Ymbrin in Sweden. Ambri moved

to Scandinavia and Belgium.

¨ Yacin = Euci (Anglo-Saxon Germany), Eucae (Scythia east of Caspian Sea), Euchatae
(Scythia), Iceni (Celtic Britain in "Semoni" region: "Iceni" = approximates to the
Phoenician-Hebrew rendition of Yacin). Hecani (Anglo-Saxon group).

¨ Zerah (Zohar) = Suiar (Holland);.

¨ Zarchi = Zaratae (Scythia).

¨ Shaul = Silures (Wales).

Simeon has a name derivations of which were applied to Celtic ethnic groups.

The Simeni (Ptolemy) were on the east coast of Britain, the Welsh are called Semoni (Poole
p.200) in Welsh and Irish Literature, and the Fir Bolg who, in Irish Mythology, settled in
Ireland and Britain had Semuen son of Isru (i.e. "Israel") as their ancestor (D'A p.89ff).

Tribe of Benjamin

Most of Benjamin went with Judah and are to be found amongst the Jews, possibly
especially in the East European section of Ashkenazi (European) Jews. Nevertheless, a
segment of Benjamin also was attached to the Lost Ten Tribes.

The Clans of Benjamin

Benjamin
Archaeological finds from Mari on the central Euphrates report the existence of a group of
Benjaminites together with elements of Reuben in
the region. This shows that ALREADY IN Biblical times a segment of Benjamin had broken
away and gone northward. The association with Reuben was to be a recurring feature of
Benjaminites in exile.

Belah (Bela-g-h) = Belagae (in Gaul, Ireland, and Britain).

Becher = see Becher of Ephraim, similarity of name often presaged future combination.
Ashbel
Gera -
Ashbel and Gera are similar to tribal names found in ancient Northern germany and
Scandinavia but the association is not certain.
Naaman = Nemetae (north of Gaul), Namnete (in Brittania - Normandia possibly also from
Nemuel of Simeon).
Ehi (Ahi).
Rosh = Rus (Vikings in Russia), Ross (Scotch Highlands).
Muppim = Menapi (in Ireland, Celtic Britain, and Belgium, and in Bactria east of the
Caspian).
Huppim = Heath (in Anglo-Saxon England).
Ard = Ardueni (in Belgium).

Tribe of Issachar

"Of the sons Issachar after their families; of Tola, the family of the Tolai: of Pua, the family of
the Puni:
"Of Jashub, the family of the Jashubi: of Shimron, the family of the Shimroni:
"These are the families of the Issachar according to those that were numbered of them,
threescore and four thousand and three hundred. Numbers 26; 15-1.
"And the sons of Issachar; Tola, and Phuvah, and Job, and Shimron". Genesis 46; 13.

Issachar
Issachar = Assakar (Sagartoi - in Iran and Scythia), Sagaruce (Scythia), Sacaraukae
(Scythia), Scirri (Galatians), Skirri (Gothic group),
Serica (East of Scythia).
Tola = Tollund (Denmark)
Puvah (i.e. Puni) = Fenni (Ireland), Vannones
(Switzerland), Peones (Swiss), Finni (Finland).
Job = Abii -Scythae (east Scythia), Abiis Maurunganie
(Saxon group), Ubii (Holland)
Jashub = Suebi (Switzerland).
Shimroni = Asmirae (Scythia).
Yahmi (Yachmi) = Kym (Finland).
Yivsam (Jibsom) = Uusima (Finland).
Michael = Mikeli (Finland).

Ephraim

Ephriaim the "Aegel" (Jeremiah 31;1, = Aegloi, Aggiloi, Angli (all names of Angles), Augali
(north of Bactria.), Aegloi (Bactria).
Clans of Ephraim*
Shutelach = Sittones (Scandinavia), Sceald (Ancestor of the Anglo Saxons), Skioldings
(Denmark).
Eran = Eirne (Ireland, Scotland), Irin (Ireland Arran, Mannae in Caucasus), Arri*, Hirri
(Germany-Goths), Granni (Sweden), Garinae (east
Scythia).
Becher = Bukhara (Bactria-Chorasmia), Boroctuari (invaders of Britain), Bogari
(descendants of Ing of the Anglo-Saxons).
Tahan-Tahat (another name for Tahan?) = Teuton (Scandinavia), Teutarus (Scythian
Representanive), Tencteri (Frankish groups). Tehuni (name for Scythians in east),
Thatagydes (combination of Thata-Teutons and
Gydes-Goths in Afghanistan and Sogdiana).
Bered = Boradi (Gothic group), Bardi (Sweden), Bordigali (Bordeaux -city of southwest
Gaul).
Beriah = Portions of the Brigantae (Britain and Celtic Europe), Burgundians (France),
Varangians (Vikings and Khazars), Warings (amongst Anglo-Saxons).
Zebed = Cobad (Denmark).

* Sources: Genesis ch.46 and Numbers 26 together with additional names from the Book of
Chronicles which in some cases could represent the same entities under different
appellations.

The English (Angles) were also known as Aegels. The names Aegel and Angle appear to
have been interchangeable.

In Hebrew they could be two alternative ways of pronouncing the same word.

For example, in old Ashkenazic (European) Hebrew the "ayin"-letter could have an "an"
sound instead of the usual "a", thus Yankel was a nickname for someone called Yakov, with
the Ya- in Yacov being pronounced as "Yan".

Similarly Aegel and Angel could originally have both been different forms of the Hebrew
word "Aegel".

English “Bear”: bore or bare-borne: from Hebrew “Ober” pass over. The “v” and “b” are
interchangeable in Hebrew.

English “Beat” from Hebrew “Bat” trample, kick.

English “Become” from Hebrew “Kom” come into appearance, arise.

English “Blow” from Hebrew “Blow” swallow.

English “Burn” from Hebrew “Baer”.

English “Burst” from Hebrew “Prats”.

English “Buy” from Hebrew “Buy” request.

English “Chose” from Hebrew “Chizeh” search out, chose (Exodus 18:21).

English “Clothe” from Hebrew “Chelatz”.

English “Dare” from Hebrew “Adir” might.

English “Dig” From Hebrew “Dacha” ditch.

English “Do” from Hebrew “Adah” cause.

English “Drive” from Hebrew “Darben” urge forward, drive on.

English “Eat” from Hebrew “Chiut” give life to.

English “Feel” from Hebrew “Fel” effect.

English “Hear” from Hebrew “Heir” arouse, awaken.

English “Light” from Hebrew “Lahat” flame, illuminate.

English “Make” from Hebrew “Makin” prepare.

English ‘Wean” from Hebrew “Manah” answer.

English “Ride” from Hebrew “Rideh” rule, subjugate.

English “Set” from Hebrew “Sit” to place.

English “Shall” from Hebrew “Shal” request, require.

English “Teach” from Hebrew “Tokeach” admonish.

English “Will” from Hebrew “Weyal” will.

Manasseh

Joseph = Yasubi, Yasubgalli (Zagros Mountains, east of Mesopotamia), Aspioi

(Afghanistan), Ysufzi (Tribe of Joseph Afghanistan), Aspacarae (east of Caspian) Aspassi
(Chorasmia, east of Caspian Sea), Usipetes (from Germany invaded Gaul at time of
Caesar), Swaefi-Suabi from Germany to Holland and Switzerland), Suebi (equal Suabi),
recalled by the same name in east Scythia.

Menasseh = Mannus (legendary ancestor of tribes in Germany who moved to Gaul and
Britain),

Clans of Menasseh:

Machir = Maracanda, Maruka, Amyrgioi (all east of Caspian Sea), Makran (southern Iran),
Skati Marika (name given to Mercians, means
"Scyths-from-Maruka" east of the Caspian Sea), Mercia known on the continent as
"Myringas", important element amongst Goths and Anglo-Saxons.
Marcomanni in Germany.
The name of Machir son of Menasseh became (after a simple letter permutation) the name
"AMERICA" which therefore may be
understood as meaning "Land of Machir".

¨ Gilead = Galatae (in Gaul), Galadi (name of Galatae), Giladon (in Wales), Caledonians (in
Scotland).
¨ Helek = Heleucones (Germany to Britain), Calucones, (Germany to the west).
¨ Asriel = Isari (Emodian mountains in Scythia, legendary place of sojourn of the Angles,
Saxons, and Frisians),. Aorsi (from west Scythia to Scandinavia), Surrey (Saxon England).
¨ Schechem (Secem) = Scymbi (east Scythia), Sigambri-Sicambri (Afghanistan, Bactria,
from Germany to Gaul).
¨ Shemida = Soumboi Aggiloi (branch of Angles), Soumboi-Laggobardi (branch of
Lombards), Samides (legendary ancestor of
Gauls), Saemdag (Scandinavian Ancestral hero).
¨ Hepher = Hefr (nickname for Gothic warrior).
Haeferingas (Middle Saxons in England).
¨ Jeezer (in Hebrew is pronounced like) Aiezer (Ai-g-azar) = Agathyrsi (became Khazars
who converted to Judaism and Picts
of Scotland).

Daughters of Zelophahad:
¨ Tirtsah (Thirtsah) = Thyrsagettae (name for Thysagettae of Scythia, migrated to
Scandinavia).
¨ Milcah = Melicertii in Scythian Caucasus - Basiloi (Royal =MLC root in name Milcah) of
Khazars, Scandinavia, and Royal Scyths.
¨ Hoglah
¨ Noah = Neuri of Scythia to Scandinavia, Nervi of Celtic Gaul
¨ Mahlah

Additional Clan Names of Menasseh based on the Book of Chronicles:

¨ Sheresh (Seres) = Seres in Serica (East Scythia).
¨ Peresh (Peres) = Parissi (of Gaul and Britain),
Frissi (of Holland and England), Phiressi (Scandinavia), Parsi (Parthians from east of the
Caspian and in Iran).
¨ The name "Peresh" means "separated, sanctified" (cf. Pharisee) which is the same
meaning as "Nemed" an ancestor in Irish mythology). When pronounced with a slightly
different intonation the name also connotes horseman= Sus [susmeans horsein Hebrew] =
Suessians, (Gaul), Sassi. There was a prince of the Tribe of Manasseh Gaddi the son of
Susi (Numbers 13;11).
¨ Epher = Heartho-Raemes (Scandinavia).
¨ Jeremiah = Heartho-Raemes (Scandinavia), Raumar (Norway).
¨ Ishi = Hossi (Scythia, maybe part of Picts and Khazars).
¨ Azriel (Gazriel) = Gazaria (name of "Khazaria").
¨ Eliel = Hilleviones (Scandinavia), Elvaones (Vandals, Anglo-Saxons).
¨ Hovadiah (pronouncable as Howadiah) = Eadwine (amongst Mercians of England and
Lombards).

Mercia in Anglo-Saxon England comprised the largest realm. Mercia derives from Machir.
Mercian clans in England included Magonsaete, Nox, Oht gaga, Henrica, Unecinga,
Hwicce, Gifel, Spale, and Grywe (Thundy p.105). The Magonsaete have a name that in
Hebrew could mean armor-bearers(Magon-Saeti). Other clans of Machir (1-Chronicles 7;
14-17) included Likhi and Aniam (=Unecinga of Mercia)., Shupim =Spale of Mercia.,
Chupim =Gifel of Mercia,.

The Tribe of Zebulon

"And the sons of Zebulon; Sered, and Elon, and Jahleel" (Genesis 46;14).
Zebulon = Zabulistan (Afghanistan in Scythian times), Sabalingoi (Denmark, Holland).
Clans of Zebulon:
Sered = Suardinoi (Sweden), Suardone, Suarini (Holland).
Elon = Alan (Scyths, Khazar Jews), Aland (Sweden, Finland), Halin (Norway),
Halland (Sweden), Holland (Netherlands).
Yahleel (Yachlayl) = Chali (Denmark and Holland).

Sons of Judah

"The sons of Judah; Er and Onan, and Shelah...

"And Tamar his daughter-in-law bare him Pharez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were
five.
"The sons of Pharez; Hezron, and Hamul.
"And the sons of Zerah; Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara: five of them in
all. (1 Chronicles 2; 3-6).

"And afterwards Hezron went in to the daughter of Machir the father of

Gilead, whom he married when he was threescore years old; and she bare him Segub.
"And Segub begat Jair, who had three and twenty cities in the land of Gilead" (1 Chronicles
2; 21-22).

"And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zarah: but Er and
Onan died in the land of Canaan.
And the sons of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul" Genesis 46; 12.
Judah

Yadi (Cilicia in northwest Syria), apparently became the Jutes of Denmark and southern
England.
Yeda (in Scythia amongst the Nephtalite Huns),
Iutae (Bactria),
Jutes (Denmark),
Juthingi (Switzerland and Alsace).

Clans of Judah ("Yehudah"):

¨ Zarah = Zaratae (Scythia)

¨ Hesron = Chassuari (Franks).
¨ Hamul = Hamlyn (Frankish Germany); Haemele (Anglo-Saxon
group).
¨ Paretz (Pharetz) = Frisi (Friesland in north Holland, and in Anglo-Saxon Britain); Parissi
(Parissi of Gaul, Parissi of Celtic
Britain in York area; Parsi (Parthians in Iran), Phiresi in Scandinavia
¨ [Paretz of Judah and Paresh of Menasseh intermixed and so the same identifications may
hold for both groups].
¨ Shayloni = Sali (Franks).
¨ Carmi = See Carmi of Reuben (Carmania, Crimea, Carini).
¨ Eitan = Eytan (an Irish ancestor in Irish Mythology).
¨ Calcol = Calcol (an Irish ancestor according to Camden).
¨ Calubi (Chalubi) = Chalybes of Scythian Caucasus and Calybes of Celtic Spain -both
famed metallurgists.
¨ Darda = Ancestor of groups amongst Scandinavian Royalty.

1. (a) David took seven hundred (2 Sam. 8:4), seven thousand (1 Chron. 18:4) horsemen
from Hadadezer;

The Hebrew word used for 700 horsemen can be also translated COMPANIES. (Strongs
Number H505 as well as Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament)
According to the custom of the time, There were 10 men to every company.
Which means that 2 Samuel maybe referring to the properly translated 700 Companies
which would equal 7000 men, uhm, as in the 7000 men mentioned in 1 Chronicles.
Much like the English language, the adjectives describes the noun in the sentence however
it seems that even though the word horsemen was used in both passages, the actual
translation could be determined by the number used.
With 700 being used in 2 Samuel then the Hebrew word parash would be translated 700
companies of horsemen which would equal 7000 men as mentioned in 1 Chronicles 18:4

2. (b) Ahaziah was 22 (2 Kings 8:26), 42 (2 Chron. 22:2) years old when he began to reign;

This answer is lengthy however I found a source that illustrates the answer much better
than I can articulate it.
Essentially the answer is historical in nature.
You may want to considering reading the Nelson’s Illustrated Manners and Customs book.
It would give you insight into the times of the Bible vs. today’s society.
This link also discovered something’s that I had uncovered as of yet.

http://www.febc.edu.sg/VPP4.htm

3. (c) Jehoiachin was 18 (2 Kings 24:Cool, 8 (2 Chron. 36:9) years old when he began to
reign and he reigned 3 months (2 Kings 24:Cool, 3 months and10 days (2 Chron. 36:9);

The answer for this is historical in nature.

Jehoiachin was 18 when he reigned according to 2 Kings.
The Chronicles account is a little more detailed. The solution, hinges on the phrase 8 years
old from 2 Chronicles 36:9.
The 8 years does not refer to the actual age of Jehoiachin but is a time marker pointing to
an event: the first invasion of Judah by Nebuchadnezzar and the Babylonians.
In 605 B.C., Nebuchadnezzar invaded the Mediterranean countries including Judah.
It was during this first invasion when Daniel and many others were taken to Babylon in what
was to be the first of 3 deportations.
The second was in 598-597 B.C. with the taking of Jehoiachin’s father Jehoiakim. The
Babylonians left Jehoiachin in power as a sort of puppet regent, but only for 3 months (2
Chron. 36:9 gives the exact figure of 3 months, 10 days).
Like his father, Jehoiachin rebelled and the Babylonians returned to have him removed.
They took him back to Babylon, and left his brother Zedekiah as king. Jehoiachin's
appointment as king was 8 years after Nebuchadnezzar came to power and invaded Judah.

This is the reason 2 Chronicles 36:9 has “8 years old.”

Second Kings 24:12 affirms this solution where it states, “and the king of Babylon took him
(Jehoiachin) in the 8th year of his (Nebuchadnezzar) reign.”

On some occasions the biblical writers will count chronological dates from significant
events.
We reckon chronology in similar ways in our modern world. For all Americans, the 11th day
of the 9th month of the year 2001 will forever be a significant date.
In fact our society speaks of a pre-9/11 world and a post 9/11 world. This is the case here
with Jehoiachin.
The writer of Chronicles is reckoning his kingly appointment and his eventual capture from
the time Nebuchadnezzar came to rule Babylon.
Ezekiel, for example, does this in his book.
He reckons dates and years from the captivity of Judah, (Ez. 1:7, 33:21, 40:1).
Another example is found in 2 Chronicles 16:1 where the 36th year spoken of Asa may refer
to the number of years after the division of the kingdom in 930 B.C., rather than his actual
years as king.

(Sources: Encyclopedia of Biblical Difficulties)

4. (d) There were in Israel 8000,000 (2 Sam. 24:9); 1,1000,000 (1 Chron. 21:5) men that
drew the sword and there were 500,000 (2 Sam. 24:9), 470,000 (1 Chron. 21:5) men that
drew the sword in Judah;

The answer lays in the translation.

The first passage states that Joab gave the census to David and the number was 800,000
while the second passage says that their were 1,100,000 men who drew the sword.
The word VALIANT is the key. There were a total of 1,100,000 men however only 800,000
were valiant.
The other 300,000 were reserves.
There is a classification between one who draws the sword and a valiant man who draws
the sword.
An example would be a military ranking such as a sergeant vs. a general. Both would be in
their respects services but have significantly different rankings.

As for the 500,000 vs. 6 states that Joab had not finished the census because of David’s
conviction of sin.
He did not include Levi or Benjamin. So the 470,000 would have been and accurate number
at that time.

5. (e) There were 550 (1 Kings 9:23), 250 (2 Chron. 8:10) chiefs of the officers that bare the
rule over the people;

You have to read 4 different passages to get the answer.

First there are two passages that give you two numbers in 2 Kings.
1 Kings 5:16 says that there were 3300 chief officers.
And then 1 Kings 9:23 says that there were 550 chief officers.
This is a total of 3850 officers to watch over the project.
In 2 Chronicles 2:18 we find that the Chronicler says that there are 3600 officers.
In 2 Chronicles 8:10 we hear that there are 250 officers which once again gives us the
number of 3850.
Both passages are in harmony as different classifications are made in the different
accounts.

6. (f) Saul's daughter, Michal, had no sons (2 Sam. 6:23), had 5 sons (2 Sam. 21:6) during
her lifetime;

See this is how you get people thinking you have a valid argument.
Unless this is a misprint, these verses don’t have anything to do with each other.
Now vs. 8 would be the correct verse. And here is the answer. The original Hebrew word in
2 Sam.
6:23 is H4324 which is translated Michal.
The original Hebrew word for the name in 2 Sam. 21:6 is H4764 which is translated Merab.
They aren’t even the same people.

7. (g) Lot was Abraham's nephew (Gen. 14:12), brother (Gen. 14:14);

The term "brother" used in Genesis 14:14 is the same term used for "relative" which is how
the verse is translated in other versions.
The King James Bible, from which is the reference here, does not use the term "relative"
once in the Bible.
The word, however, in the Hebrew is 'ach, which is a primary root meaning close relative or
even someone that bears a close resemblance.
It generally indicates kindred, however. It is used over 600 times in the Bible and is
translated in a variety of ways depending on context.
Lot is Haran's son which makes him Abraham's nephew and relative.

8. (h) Joseph was sold into Egypt by Midianites (Gen. 37:36), by Ishmaelites (Gen. 39:1);

According the Hebrew history, Abraham had a son by Hagar the Egyptian maiden and his
name was Ishmael.
Then Abraham had five more sons by Keturah which would have made these five people
Ishmael’s brothers.
Being that Abrahams son, MIDIAN, is where the Midianites came from and Ishmael was his
brother Ishmaelites came from the same source.
The Midianites were those related to Midian and the Ishmaelites were those related to
Ishmael.
It would seem that sense they had the same father, they would be related. Judges 8
confirms the interchangeability of names.
In short the Midianites were the Ishmaelites.

9. (i) Saul was killed by his own hands (1 Sam. 31:4), by a young Amalekite (2 Sam. 1:10),
by the Philistines (2 Sam. 21:12);

It is a well known fact that Saul was struck down by the Philistines Archers.
He was wounded beyond being able to continue to fight. He then asked his armour bearer
to kill him and he refused and he fell on his own sword.
His armour bearer did the same. This is the accurate account of 1 Sam 31:4.
All commentaries and theologians or anyone who has answered this question will tell you
that the Amalekite not only lied about the story, but historically had his arms and legs cut off
for lying and he was hanged on a wall.
In the last passage the Philistine archers wounded Saul so bad, he would have died
anyway.
The fact that the Philistines had killed Saul’s sons and that is the battle at which Saul died,
would have afforded them the credit for killing Saul, however it was Saul’s own sword that
killed him.

10. (j) Solomon made of a molten sea which contained 2,000 (1 Kings 7:26), 3,000 (2
Chron. 4:5) baths;

The Hebrew verb rendered "contained" and "held" is different from that translated
"received"; and the meaning may be that the sea ordinarily contained 2,000 baths.
But when filled to its utmost capacity it received and held 3,000 baths.
Thus the chronicler simply mentions the amount of water that would make the sea like a
flowing spring rather than a still pool.
This informs us that 3,000 gallons of water were required to completely fill the sea which
usually held 2,000 gallons.
This is identical to any swimming pool that is not filled to the brim but can hold a few
thousand more gallons of water, however it is not necessary.

11. (k) The workers on the Temple had 3,300 (1 Kings 5:16), 3,600 (2 Chron. 2:18)
overseers;

Answered this already in number 5.

12. (l) The earth does (Eccle. 1:4), does not (2 Peter 3:10) abideth forever;

These are not even parallel passages.

Now you are reaching.
The Eccl passage is wisdom literature.
The example made here is that in mans knowledge would lend us to believe that mans
knowledge will lead them to think that this present world (earth) will last forever.
You must pick scriptures and their entire context.
2 Peter assures us the Heaven and Earth will pass away as well the works within the earth.
This is what all believers adhere to. You are comparing poetry and wisdom vs. prophecy.
13. (m) If Jesus bears witness of himself his witness is true (John 8:14), is not true (John
5:31);

Jesus here is speaking of the unity of the Father and the Son.
The first passage testifies to the oneness of the Father and the Son.
Jesus says His testimony is true, if and only if according to vs. 16 that the Father testifies to
Jesus’ testimony.
In the second passage, Jesus says the exact same thing. He states, that if I testify by
myself, alone, meaning with any other backing His testimony, then His testimony is false.
He then says that there is another who testifies with and for me. Both passages are in
complete agreement.

14. (n) Josiah died at Megiddo (2 Kings 23:29-30), at Jerusalem (2 Chron. 35:24);

Both passages state that Josiah was buried in Jerusalem.

This is similar to the Saul passage.
Josiah was so mortally wounded at Megiddo, that the credit to the death would have been
Megiddo.
We must note that in 2 Chr passage after being wounded by the archers almost fatally,
Josiah commands that his body be taken to Jerusalem, so the account would allow for his
last breath to quite possibly attributed to the battle of Megiddo even though his passing may
have been in Jerusalem

15. (o) Jesus led Peter, James, and John up a high mountain after six (Matt. 17:1, Mark
9:2), eight (Luke 9:28) days;

(Luke 9:28-29) - "And some eight days after these sayings, it came about that He took along
Peter and John and James, and went up to the mountain to pray. 29And while He was
praying, the appearance of His face became different, and His clothing became white and
gleaming."

In the Greek in both Matthew 17:1 and Mark 9:2, it says, "And after six days..." The word
"after" in Greek is "meta."
According to the Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon "meta" means, "with, after, or behind." In Luke
9:28, it says something different.
It says "And some eight days after these sayings . . ." (NASB).
The Greek word "some" is "hosei" which means "about" or "nearly." Other translations
render it the same way.

* "About eight days after Jesus said this . . ." (Luke 9:28, NIV).

* ". . .about an eight days after these sayings . . ." (Luke 9:28, KJV).

* ". . .about eight days after these sayings . . ." (Luke 9:28, NKJV).

* "Now about eight days after these sayings . . ." (Luke 9:28, RSV).

* ". . . about eight days after these sayings . . ." (Luke 9:28, 1901 AS)

Luke 9:28 is an approximation evidenced by it saying "about eight days after . . ." Matthew
17:1 and Mark 9:2 are more precise.
They say "after six days." Logically, eight days is after six days, so there is no logical
contradiction.
But, the key lies in Luke saying "about eight days later." Luke was giving an approximation.
Matthew and Mark were more precise. Remember Luke was not an eyewitness as Matthew
and Mark were.
So he would have been afforded the opportunity to give an approximation.

16. (p) Nebuzaradan came unto Jerusalem on the seventh (2 Kings 25:Cool, tenth (Jer.
52:12) day of the fifth month.

2 Kings says he came "unto" Jerusalem and Jeremiah states he came "into" Jerusalem.
His arrival at and entry into Jerusalem were therefore different days.
This is indicating the army was encamped about Jerusalem for three days before they
entered and destroyed it.
He came twice; once to persuade Jerusalem to surrender (the 7th day) and the second time
to wage war (the 10th day).
Upon his arrival the army resided there for three days before destroying it.

"And the sons of Asher; Jimnah, and Ishuah, and Isui, and Beriah, and Serah their sister"
and the sons of Beriah; Heber, and Malchiel" Genesis 46; 17.

The historian Procopius reported that the vandals had come from the Sea of Azov area just
north of the Black Sea by the River Don.

The Vandals in the first century CE had been known as Lygians or Lugii.

They had then been located by the Upper Vistula River.

They absorbed a Celtic group in the area who had previously had a highly developed "La
Tene" type culture14.

This culture had originated in the Scythian area but evolved differently from that of the other
Scythian peoples.

The Lygian-Vandal tribes were the Boreoi, the Omani, and the Heissi.

These names are similar to those of the sons of Asher (Jimnah, Ishuah, Isui, and Beriah)
and several factors serve to equate Asher with the Vandals as well as with other entities.

The sons of Asher were Jimnah, and Ishuah, and Isui, and Beriah, and Serah their sister:
and the sons of Beriah; Heber and Malchiel (Genesis 46;17).

The sons of Asher correspond to the Tribes of the Lygian Vandals; Jimnah became the
Omani, Isui the Heissi, and Beriah the Boreoi.

The Vandals were somehow associated with the region of Vendyssel in Jutland in Denmark.

They may also be identified as the legendary Vanes who had dwelt in Vanaland besides the
Don River in southern Scythia and then moved to Scandinavia.

The Vanes had first warred and then amalgamated with the Aseir.
The Aseir (singular, "As") like the Vanes were to become ancestors to part of the
Scandinavians.

"As" in Phoenician Hebrew was a shortened form for Asher, and Phoenician-Hebrew
appears to have been the dialect employed by the northern Ten Tribes prior to their exile.

The Aseir are also equated by scholars with the Ansis who become the ruling elite among
the Goths.

Goths and Vandals spoke the same language and were considered different branches of
the same people.

The Vandals had first appeared south of the Burgundians who in turn were south of the
Goths on the Baltic coast, east of the Vistula.

At that stage the Vandals were led by two leaders, named Ambri and Assi:.

The name "Ambri" is reminiscent of the Ambri people who, with the Sicambri (Franks),
encountered Alexander the Great in Bactria and later moved to Northern Europe whence in
ca. 109-101 BCE they joined the Cimbri and Teutons in attacking Rome.

Their name is recalled in Ambrum, Imbri, and Ymbre of Scandinavia.

They were descendants of Jimna (Yimna) son of Asher.

The name of the second leader of the Vandals was "Assi" which is the same name as that
of the people of "Assi" in Roman Chronicles.

These were referred to in Chinese records as Wusun.

They were recorded as having once conquered the Goths (Yueh-chi) in east Scythia.

After that they then moved to the Don River region before migrating northward.

They were also known as the Aseir (As).

The Aseir were the people of Odin and migrated to Scandinavia.

Pliny (N.H. 4; 14) said that the Vandals were a federation encompassing the Vandili, Varini,
Goths, and Burgundians.

The Burgundians were to settle in France and Switzerland and are associated with the
Swedish isle of Bornholm.

The Burgundians descended from Beriah son of Asher whose name may also be
pronounced as Beria(g)h or "Veriag".

Similar appellations to Beria(g)h were "Barragos", "Varegu", and "Variag" which names
were applied to the Vikings, especially those who penetrated Russia.

A related people were the Varachan Huns13 who were a Tribal component amongst the
Khazars in southern Russia.
The Varins or "Warings" who came with the Angles and Saxons to Britain were to conquer
the Celtic Brigantes.

The Brigantes were also descended from Beriah.

They were located in the northern areas of Roman Britain (i.e. North England), in Gaul, in
east Switzerland and in southeast Ireland.

Among the Celts, the Druids were the only teachers of religion, like the priests/Levites were
in Israel.

The Druids offered sacrifices as the priests did in Israel.

Among pagan nations it is normally the civil government that judges criminals, especially so
in murder cases but this was not the case amongst the Celts.

Like the priests in Israel, it was the Druids, and not the kings or heads of tribes, that decided
about life and death.

Similarly, the Druids had their high priest as did ancient Israel and like the priests and
Levites, the Druids were in charge of religion.

Another strong link is the fact that both Levites in Israel and Druids among the Celts were
exempt from military service and paying taxes.

The Celts had special feasts in May and October, a corruption of those of the eternal
(Leviticus Ch.23).

Their day started at sunset, as it did in Israel, whereas the year commenced, according to
certain historians, in autumn, as the year still does with the Jews.

They also used a solar-lunar calendar, with alternating months of 29 and 30 days similar to
the Jewish solar-lunar Calendar of today.

The most gruesome analogy is the one of human sacrifices.

For this reason Julius Caesar considered the Celts barbaric and it was one of the reasons
why God drove the ten tribes out of the promised land.

Could it be that Baal and Moloch, the gods the apostate Israelites turned to worship, were in
essence the same as the Celtic gods Belenos (Baal) and Lug (Mo-loch)?

Human sacrifices were made to both Moloch and Lug.

Lombardy in ancient times had been known as "Gallia Transpadana" and its one-time
inhabitants according to Pliny (N.H. 3; 17) had been called "Laevi" or "Levi" (sic.).

Ptolemy reported a people named "Levonii" in Scandinavia

The Lost Tribes of Israel Went East Along the Silk Road

I have mentioned above about the people of the Yusufzai and the Pathans in Afghanistan
and Pakistan, the people of Kashmir, the Menashe tribe in India and Myanmar, and the
Chiang (Chiang-Min) tribe in China.

These places are all along the Silk Road.

Are these all where they went?

Otherwise, were there any other people who went further east along the Silk Road?

Where is the destination of the Silk Road? Japan.

Did the Ten Tribes of Israel come to Japan?

If the Ten Tribes came to China, we must say that there is a strong possibility that they
came to Japan also, for next to China is Japan.

But someone may think, "There is a sea between China and Japan, which makes it difficult
to get to Japan."

However, it was not a big problem for the Israelites.

Scholars say that Israelites already traded in the time of King Solomon (the 10th century
B.C.E.) with India and other countries of the Mediterranean Sea with a fleet of ships (see 1
Kings 10:22, Some of the words are from Sanskrit).

Israelites knew well about ships even in the times before the country of Japan started.

The Silk Road was actually Silk Roads because there were several roads on the land and
the sea already in the time of B.C.E.

The Israelites were experienced people for getting across the ocean.

Also known as the Shinlung, the Bnei Menashe relate their history of exile from the Northern
Kingdom of Israel in 721 B.C. across the silk route finally ending up in India and Myanmar.

The Bnei Menashe believe that while in China their ancestors were enslaved yet again.

During their years there, large numbers of the Israelites were killed and their assimilation
started.

These events caused the Israelites to flee and live in caves.

The group was expelled in 100 C.E. and their "leather scrolls" were confiscated and burned.
At that point different groups went in various directions.

Some went down the Mekong River into Vietnam, the Philippines, Siam, Thailand and
Malaysia, while some of the Israelites moved to Burma and west to India.

Till today, some people refer to these people as "Shinlung" the "cave dwellers."

The Kukis, having been brought up with an oral history of their link to their ancestor
"Manmaseh" and other stories, recognized some of the Bible stories.

They eventually converted to what they thought was the religion of their ancestors and
began practicing Christianity.

One Bnei Menashe song, which had been handed down and carried throughout their
travels, describes part of the Exodus from Egypt:

We must keep the Passover festival

Because we crossed the Red Sea on the dry land

At night we crossed with a fire

And by day with a cloud

Enemies pursued us with chariots

And the sea swallowed them up

And used them as food for the fish

And when we were thirsty

We received water from the rock

Ancient Jewish Communities in Kaifeng, China

As I mentioned before, Menashe people once went to the region near Kaifeng, China.

The Jewish community in Kaifeng is most famous as the very ancient one which had existed
since the time of B.C.E..

Kaifeng was the former capital for several dynasties in China.

The Jews there did not eat the sinew of the hip which is on the socket of the thigh, which is
a custom of Israelites, and their religion was called by the name meaning this.

There are still a few thousand Jews in Kaifeng.

They had maintained some Jewish tradition.

In Kaifeng they had a synagogue.

They intermarried with the Chinese and look Chinese.

We can trace the history of Israelites in China to very ancient times.

According to a stone monument in Kaifeng, Israelites already came to Kaifeng in 231

B.C.E..

Many Israelites or Jews lived in parts of China even before the destruction of Jerusalem in
70 C.E..

Jews has many traditions originated in the Bible they still observe today.

They celebrate the pass over to remember God’s mercy on the night of the plague on the
first born.

In the New Testament, Jews hired the wailers in a funeral to moan with commotion and
cries.

Today, we still see the same loud cries in a funeral to indicate sincere sorrow they feel for
the parted one.

Chinese too, has some traditions and practices exactly the same like the Jews.

Rich Chinese funerals still hire people to cry in the funeral with the same meaning as it is
intended in the Biblical Jews.

We may not see this practice much in China mainland due to some culture up rooting
during the Cultural Revolution under the Communist reign.

But in Taiwan and Hong Kong, hire wailing is a common phenomenon of the rich.

Another Jewish funeral tradition that Chinese still practice is for the children of the deceased
to wear sackcloth and use ashes to hold the jot stick.

Although not all Chinese will wear sackcloth in a family funeral today due to the effect of the
influential western culture, but we can still see many Chinese who keep the old tradition of
wearing sackcloth in a funeral.

Those who do not wear it would cut a small piece of sackcloth and clip it to the shirt in the
funeral and during the mourning period for 3 months.
For a Chinese house, it is auspicious to keep a pair of red paper on the front gate and doors
to dispel evil spirit and usher good luck.

In Chinese New Year, red paper must be hang or stick to the front door.

A similar custom Jews do from the pass over tradition.

Similarly the language of the Pathan tribesmen is called Pashto, and its speakers call
themselves Pashtun, from the Persian word "Pasht" which means "back of the mountain" so
in reality Pashtun is a person who lives in the mountains.

The mountains the Pathan's have been living in after exile are called the Suleiman
(Solomon) mountains.

The B'Ni Israel from Russia also call themselves Mountain Jews and are said to be from the
same exile.

Numbers 26:23 records that one of Issachar's clans was named after "Tola," one of
Issachar's sons.

This clan's name has long been associated with a region of Western Russia.

The city of "Tula" can be found on Russian maps in the region south of Moscow, and the
entire region (or province) also long been known by the same name.

"And the sons of Benjamin were Belah, and Becher, and Ashbel, Gera, and Naaman, Ehi,
and Rosh, Muppim, and Huppim, and Ard" Genesis 46; 21.

The Tribes of Judah and Benjamin together were to compose the main stock of the modern
Jewish people.

Benjamin was also represented amongst the Belgae and the Normans.

In Ancient Times a people recorded by Ptolemy called Sabulingoi dwelt in the region of
Northern Holland-Frisia.

"Sabulingoi" in Hebrew means "People of Zebulon".

Northern peoples at that time switched "s" for "z".

"Issachar is a strong ass couching down between two burdens: and he saw that rest was
good, and the land that it was pleasant; and bowed his shoulder to bear, and became a
servant unto tribute." Genesis 49:14-15 (KJV)
Numbers 26:23 records that one of Issachar's clans was named after "Tola," one of
Issachar's sons.

This clan's name has long been associated with a region of Western Russia.

The city of "Tula" can be found on Russian maps in the region south of Moscow, and the
entire region (or province) also long been known by the same name.

Finland has long been caught between the stronger, competing nations of Sweden and
Russia and for some of the past century was under tribute to both Russia and Germany.
 The Tribes of Israel
The 12 Tribes of Israel were derived from Jacob's 12 sons born through the following women:

Leah Zilpah Rachel Bilhah

1. Reuben 7. Gad 11. Joseph 5. Dan
2. Simeon 8. Asher 12. Benjamin 6. Naphtali
3. Levi
4. Judah
9. Issachar
10. Zebulun
(Dinah)

THE CAMP
Dan
Asher
Naphtali
Merarites
Ephraim Judah
Ger- Aaron
Manasseh
shonites
Tabernacle Moses Issachar
Benjamin Zebulun
Kohathites
Reuben
Simeon
Gad

1st Gen 2nd Gen % Diff

Tribe
(Num 1) (Num 26)
Reuben 46,500 43,730 -6
Simeon 59,30 22,200 -63
Gad 45,650 40,500 -11
Judah 74,600 76,500 +3
Issachar 54,400 64,300 +18
Zebulun 57,400 60,500 +5
Ephraim 40,500 32,500 -20
Manasseh 32,200 52,700 +64
Benjamin 35,400 45,600 +29
Dan 62,700 64,400 +3
Asher 41,500 53,400 +29
Naphtali 53,400 45,500 -15

Total 603,550 601,730 -0.3

 Levites' Service in Numbers 3
Dir from
Div Service
Camp
Aaron EAST SACRIFICES the sanctuary
the ark, the table, the lampstand, the altars, the articles of the sanctuary used in
Kohathites SOUTH ARTICLES
ministering, the curtain, and everything related to their use.
the tabernacle and tent, its coverings, the curtain at the entrance to the Tent of
Meeting, the curtains of the courtyard, the curtain at the entrance to the courtyard
Gershonites WEST COVERINGS
surrounding the tabernacle and altar, and the ropes-- and everything related to
their use.
the frames of the tabernacle, its crossbars, posts, bases, all its equipment, and
Merarites NORTH STRUCTURE everything related to their use, as well as the posts of the surrounding courtyard
with their bases, tent pegs and ropes.

The Levites Allotment

in Joshua 21

Donating
Levites Donated City
Tribe
Hebron
Libnah
Judah Jattir
Aaron Eshtemoa
Holon
Debir
Simeon Ain
Juttah
Beth Shemesh
of Kohath
(priests) Gibeon
Geba
Benjamin
Anathoth
Almon

Shechem
Gezer
Ephraim
Kibzaim
Beth Horon

Eltekeh
Kohath Gibbethon,
Dan
Aijalon
Gath Rimmon

Taanach
Manasseh
Gath Rimmon
 Golan in Bashan
Manasseh
Be Eshtarah

Kishion
Daberath
Issachar
Jarmuth
En Gannim
Gershon Mishal
Abdon
Asher
Helkath
Rehob

Kedesh in Galilee
Naphtali Hammoth Dor
Kartan

Bezer
Jahaz
Reuben
Kedemoth
Mephaath,

Ramoth in Gilead
Mahanaim
Merari Gad
Heshbon
Jazer

Jokneam
Kartah
Zebulun
Dimnah
Nahalal

Cities of Refuge: Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba
(that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. On the east side of the Jordan of Jericho they designated Bezer in the desert on
the plateau in the tribe of Reuben, Ramoth in Gilead in the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan in the tribe of Manasseh.

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Feb 10,2009