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Significant
Figures
Every measurement has a degree of uncertainty. The number of
reliably known digits in a number is called the number of significant
figures.
For example the radius of the earth is 695 000 000 m. This number is
not exact but has been “rounded off” to the nearest million metres. We
say the number has three significant figures. The zeros at the end of
this number are “not significant”.
Using these rules 65.00 has four significant figures but each of the
numbers 65, 6500, and 0.0065 has only two significant figures.
Example
Number Number of
Significant Figures
45630 4
708 3
0.453 3
0.091 2
0.620 3
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Examples
1. Round the following to the numbers to three significant figures.
Exercise 2 Perform the following calculation giving your answer to the correct
number of significant figures.
Answers
1. (a) 96 000 (b) 54.92 (c) 0.00370 (d) 561 000 (e) 8 (f) 23 654 000 (g) 0.03005
2. 0.04
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