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AN02b

Unit03: New Ideas of Organizing Society & Government

Ch.06

Timeline: 10th - 6th C. BCE


FS: Geography, Mythology, & a belief in Destiny Shape Rome's Development and World View.
Main Idea: Like many of the civilized societies before and since, ancient Roman civilization was
impacted by 'context'. Interaction with other cultures and the environment helped shape what
was to become the classical model for Western civilization. Therefore, if we can acquire an
appreciation of the temporal and physical circumstances of Romes founding and development
then we may understand why it is a "Mother" civilization for Western cultures.

CCSS...
I. Context
A. Tiber River, Western coast of Italian peninsula.
B. 8th C. BCE - 5th C. CE
C. Impact on 'Western World'

II. Location, Location, Location


A. Centrally located in Mediterranean
B. Centrally located or Peninsula
C. Near to Sea
D. On the bank of Tiber River
E. Western Italy = rolling hills, fertile soil, wooded

Ponder: Which traits (of civilized life) would you expect a society to develop under these
environmental conditions? [you will need to review from an earlier lesson the five characteristics
of civilized societies]
Internal Commerce/ Communication
External Commerce/ Communication
Political/ Military expansion (Easy movement of troops)
Agricultural Surplus => Large Population, High pop. Densities
III. Cultural Development & Diffusion1
For a long period the Romans were culturally influenced and even ruled by the Etruscans,
their neighbors across the Tiber River. Before and after that period, however, the people of
Rome were interacting and diffusing with other local peoples (e.g. Latins) as well as foreign
colonizers (e.g. Greeks). Until the late 300s BCE, Rome was largely an agricultural state with
little semblance of what itwould become.
A. Latins (After 1000 BCE): Settlements on the banks of the Tiber River and the area
around the Palatine Hill.
B. Etruscans (1200 - 800 BCE): Civilized society with lasting cultural (religious) impact on
the yet to develop Roman republican society.
C. Greeks (750 - 600 BCE): Magna Graecia, Hellenization of Latins and Etruscans via
Greek colonization of Mediterranean basin and commercial contact.

1 Modern analysis of the history of Rome, based on extensive archaeological research, indicates that the Romans were a local
group of the Latins, one of the many Indo-European tribes who entered Italy shortly after 1000 B.C. These particular tribes are
known collectively as the Italic peoples. The Romans were the inhabitants of a town that had a potentially advantageous location on
the Tiber River at the last point upstream navigable by seagoing vessels. [emuseum.mnsu.edu/archaeology/sites/europe/rome.html
- Written by: Dana Mattson]

AN02b

Unit03: New Ideas of Organizing Society & Government

Ch.06

IV. Summary Activity


A. Myth of Romulus & Remus2
B. Roman town layout & Roman fasces
Materials/Sources:Refer to the course calendar for additional materials, assignments and pertinent due dates.

World History: Patterns of Interaction


Slide Presentation

http://www.mhhe.com/mayfieldpub/mythology/instructors_resources/harrispt1ch18.pdf (13 Jan.03)


[Our myth document offers a variation to the following reference of the Romulus & Remus myth.] The early history of Rome is from
the myth of Romulus and Remus. It was believed that Romulus and Remus, who were sons of the war god Mars, were set afloat to
drown in the Tiber River. They were rescued by a she-wolf and a woodpecker, which are both sacred to Mars, and raised by a
herdsman and his wife. They grew up and became the leaders of a gang, and eventually founded the city of Rome on the same
banks that they were rescued from. The story takes a turn for the worst here because it is said that when Remus jumped over the
citys wall, breaking one of the first rules made, his brother Romulus killed him. Romulus continued to rule his city, which he named
Rome, until one day he mysteriously disappeared in a storm. The Romans believed that their leader had been turned into a god and
started worshiping him. A bronze statue of a she-wolf was made in remembrance of the tale in early 5th century BC and is known as
one of the greatest masterpieces of the time. Later, in 1509, two infants were put under the statue to signify Romulus and Remus.
This history, however, may have been "invented" by the romantic propaganda of a world-state in the first century B.C. and the first
century A.D. out of a combination of legend, tradition, and the desire to provide a suitable pedigree for the new rulers of the world.
<emuseum.mnsu.edu/archaeology/sites/europe/rome.html> Written by: Dana Mattson.

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