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retting
soil conditions
geographical area
Kenaf harvesting
ribbon retting
Chemical Properties
Ash α- Hemi- Lignin (%)
(%) Cellulose cellulose
(%) (%)
Bark 5.5- 53-57.4 NA 5.9-9.3
8.3
Core 2.9- 51.2 NA 17
4.2
Whole 2.1- 47.3- 31.5- 4.7-
plant
6.5 57.3 38.4 16.13
Other physical characteristics
Flexibility Kenaf fiber is stiff and
fineness less elastic than jute
length due to its chemical
diameter content (higher lignin
and non-cellulose)
moisture content
tenacity
rigidity, resiliency
Grading of kenaf fibers
defects
root content
color
fineness
density
Bangladesh Jute grading
6 categories: Special, A, B, C, D, E,
properties
linear density (tex)
tenacity (gm/tex)
breaking extension (%)
work of rupture
bundle strength (pressly index)
bursting energy (gmcm/tex)
Strength Defect Max. Color Fineness Density Total
Grade Root Score
Content
(%)
W1 Very Free from 10 Very Very fine Heavy (100)
good (26) major and (33) good (5) bodied
minor defect (12) (2)
(22)
W2 Good Free from 15 Good Fine Heavy (85)
(22) major and (28) (9) (2) bodied
minor defect (2)
(22)
W3 Fair Free from 20 Fairly Fibers Medium (69)
(18) major defect (24) good well bodied
but some (7) separated (1)
loose leaf and (1)
few specks
(18)
W4 Fair Ave. Free from 26 Fair Medium (54)
(14) major defect, (20) average bodied
specks, and (4) (1)
sticks (14)
W5 Average Free from 36 Averag (39)
(10) major defect (16) e
(10) (3)
W6 Average Free from root
46 (16)
and sticks (4)
(12)
W7 Weak 57 (12)
mixed (3) (9)
W8 not suitable for any of above but of commercial value
For example
Grade Diameter (µ) Breaking extension (5)
Mean Range Mean Range
BW 43.01 31.6-57 0.96 0.50-1.50
Special
A 45.26 31.6-57.2 0.94 0.45-1.40
B 41.07 32-55.2 0.93 0.45-1.45
C 39.93 28.8-59.6 0.91 0.50-1.40
D 36.2 29.6-56.8 0.85 0.40-1.40
E 45.58 31.2-61.6 0.89 0.40-1.40
Color Description
Term Color description
White jute Tossa jute Daisee jute
Very good Light cream to Golden to Reddish
white reddish white
Good Cream pink to Reddish to Reddish to
brownish white brownish white brownish with
some light grey
Fairly good Brownish to Reddish or Brownish or light
reddish white brownish with grey
with some light some light grey
grey
Fairly average Brownish to light Light grey to Light grey
grey copper color
average Grey to dark grey Grey to dark grey Grey to dark grey
Who needs it?
traders
end users
environmental agencies
quality control
End Users
Plastic industry-length, diameter
Polymer composite-property stability and
consistence
GPEC 2007, variance of natural fibers is
the biggest problem and difficult to control
if they come from different sources
May not be good for structural matrials
Plastic industry -biocomposite
Quality standard
Physical properties
Chemical properties
ISO 9000
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MSDS
Identification
Health Hazard Data
Physical Data
Firs and Explosion Data
…