African Immigrant Capital

African Immigrant Capital
4th Annual Midwest Multicultural Market

Conference, Saint Paul, Minnesota
March 13, 2008
Bruce P. Corrie, PhD

Director, Strategic Business Design Institute, Concordia University
Daniel Johnson, Concordia University
Mathew Nelson, Concordia University
Corrie@csp.edu Tel: 651 641 8226 www.ethnictrends.info
Overview
• National African Immigrant Data
• Minnesota African Immigrant Data
• Understanding the African Immigrant

Market
www.ethnictrends.info
National African Immigrant Data
Top Ten States African Immigrant
1. California 143,882
2. New York 141,958
3. Texas 110,042
4. Maryland 109,751
5. New Jersey 78,527
6. Georgia 69,548
7. Virginia 66,724
8. Massachusetts 65,151
9. Minnesota 63,612
10. Florida 59,176
Source: American Community Survey 2006
US African Immigrants
• 3 percent of all Immigrants

• Overall tend to be well educated
• Tend to be younger than other immigrants
• Tend to be very active in the workforce
• A fairly large group have come to the
country as political refugees
• Largest group come from Western Africa
US African Immigrant*
• 1.3 million or 3 percent of

immigrants
• Median Age 36
* Source: American Community Survey, 2006
Occupation- African vs Other Immigrant
40%
35%
30%
Percent
25% Foreign Born

20%
15% African FB
10%
5%
0%
Management/P
Agricultural
Construction/Ot
Service
Sales/Office
professional
her
Occupation
Top three occupations: Management and

Professional Services, Services
and Sales
Source: American Community Survey, 2006
Educational Attainment
35 32
30 25 25
24
25 22
Percent
20 17 16 17 Foreign Born
15 11 11 African Immigrant
10
5
0
e
ee
ge
S
HS
at
H
gr
ll e
du
an
de
co
ra
th
G
's
e
ss
or
m
So
el
Le
ch
Ba
Degree
66 percent have some college and above education

Source: American Community Survey
• Only 28 percent speak English less

than “very well”
• Compared to 52 percent of the

Foreign Born
•75 Percent in the labor

force compared to
• 67 percent of the
Foreign Born
• Top three Industries

– Education and Health Care
– Retail trade
– Professional Services
US African Immigrant
• 18 percent below the poverty line
• 41 percent own homes
• 59 percent not citizens
• Western Africans made up the largest

proportion of the African born,
followed by
• Eastern, Northern, Southern, and

Middle Africa.
*Source: www.mpi.org
• More than half of the African born

living in the US arrived between 1990
and 2000.
• The majority of the African born who

spoke a language other than English
at home spoke English "very well.“
• The African born were less likely to

be unemployed than the foreign born
• African-born men and women had

higher median earnings than all
foreign-born men and women in the
US.
The African-born males with the highest in median

earnings were from:
South Africa ($62,162),
Mozambique ($50,085), and
Tanzania ($47,853).
Those with the lowest median earnings were from:

Mauritania ($21,067),
Somalia ($23,159),
Botswana (25,347), and
Gambia ($25,598).
The African-born groups with the highest female

median earnings were from:
Malawi ($36,736),
South Africa ($35,451),
Egypt ($35,434), and
Mauritius ($35,089).
Those with the lowest female median earnings were from

Togo ($16,034),
Somalia ($19,077),
Cape Verde ($21,426),
Gambia (21,605), and
the Ivory Coast ($21,658).
MN African Immigrant
MN African - Other Immigrants*
• 19 percent of the immigrant population
• Younger – median age 30 years compared

to 34 years
• Greater percentage have high school or

some college education
• Larger percentage not citizens – 66

percent versus 56 percent
MN Educational Attainment
40 30
25 22 26
P e rc e nt
30 18 20 18 17 Foreign Born
20 14
8
10 African Immigrant
0
B a c h e lo r's
S chool
c o lle g e
G ra d u a te
L e s s th a n
Som e
H ig h
d e g re e
HS
Degree
MN Occupation
32
35 27
30 22 22 22 2425
Percent
25 16 MN Foreign Born
20
15 MN African Immigrant
10 5 3
5 10.4
0
Sales/Office
Production/Tran
Management/Pr
Agricultural
Construction/Ot
Service
ofessional
sportation
her
Occupation
Top three occupations –

* Service, Production and Transportation and
management and professionalwww.ethnictrends.info

Age Structure African Immigrant MN
50 46
40
Percent
30
16 17
20 11
10 5 3
1 1
0
Under 5 5 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 to 74 75 to 84
years years years years years years years years
Age Group
Most in the Prime worker and Tax Base

* 25-54 years – 66 percent
• Slightly smaller percentage speak

English only – 17 versus 21 percent
• Larger percentage in the workforce

75 percent versus 71 percent
• Top three industries – Education and

Health care, Manufacturing and
Retail Trade
• Median Household Income $ 31, 640
• 32 Percent Below the Poverty Line
• 28 Percent Homeownership rate
• Twin Cities ranks 30th in the nation

for the number of immigrants
• Ranks 8th in the nation for the

number of refugees.
*Source: www.mpi.org
Understanding the African
Immigrant Market
Understanding Markets
• US African Buying Power 45 Billion

dollars
• Bigger than the GDP of 120 countries

in the world
• In relative terms will be the 6th

largest African GDP after Morocco.
MN African Buying Power
• Somali $216 million

• Ethiopian $203 million
• Kenyan $167 million
• Liberian $142 million
• Nigerian $71 million
• Eritrean $22 million
• Sudanese $8 million
• Cameroon $6 million
• Assuming 30 percent Federal and State Taxes

Understanding Culture
World Average 55 - 43 - 50 - 64 - 45
http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_united_states.shtml
Understanding Differences
• Africa is a continent not a country
• Important differences between

countries
– Language
– Culture
– Historical Legacy
• Important differences within

countries
Understand Different Entry Points
• Professional Visas
• Refugees
Resource

African Immigrant Capital

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African Immigrant Capital

4th Annual Midwest Multicultural Market

Bruce P. Corrie, PhD

• National African Immigrant Data

• Minnesota African Immigrant Data

• Understanding the African Immigrant

• 3 percent of all Immigrants

• 1.3 million or 3 percent of

* Source: American Community Survey, 2006

25% Foreign Born

Top three occupations: Management and

66 percent have some college and above education

• Only 28 percent speak English less

• Compared to 52 percent of the

* Source: American Community Survey, 2006

•75 Percent in the labor

* Source: American Community Survey, 2006

• Top three Industries

* Source: American Community Survey, 2006

• 18 percent below the poverty line

• 41 percent own homes

• 59 percent not citizens

• Western Africans made up the largest

• Eastern, Northern, Southern, and

• More than half of the African born

• The majority of the African born who

• The African born were less likely to

• African-born men and women had

The African-born males with the highest in median

Those with the lowest median earnings were from:

The African-born groups with the highest female

Those with the lowest female median earnings were from

• 19 percent of the immigrant population

• Younger – median age 30 years compared

• Greater percentage have high school or

• Larger percentage not citizens – 66

* Source: American Community Survey, 2006

* Source: American Community Survey, 2006

Top three occupations –

management and professionalwww.ethnictrends.info

Age Structure African Immigrant MN

Most in the Prime worker and Tax Base

• Slightly smaller percentage speak

• Larger percentage in the workforce

• Top three industries – Education and

• Median Household Income $ 31, 640

• 32 Percent Below the Poverty Line

• 28 Percent Homeownership rate

• Twin Cities ranks 30th in the nation

• Ranks 8th in the nation for the

• US African Buying Power 45 Billion

• Bigger than the GDP of 120 countries

• In relative terms will be the 6th

• Somali $216 million

• Assuming 30 percent Federal and State Taxes

• Africa is a continent not a country

• Important differences between

• Important differences within

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