.

Three Phase Asynchronous Motor

OPERATION AND
MAINTENANCE
INSTRUCTIONS
0EY.460.072

Shenyan Electric Machine Co.,LTD

CONTENTS

1.Introduction …………………………………………………… 3

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2.Installation and adjustment ……………………………… 6

3.Electric connection and start-up ………………………… 16

4.Inspection and maintenance ………………………………… 21

5.Accessories ……………………………………………………… 38

6. Trouble shooting ………………………………………………40

7.Allowable temperature rise for asynchronous motor …… 46

8.Additional pages …………………………………………………47

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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Outlines
The present instructions are applicable to the operation and
maintenance of three phase alternating current asynchronous motors
which are manufactured by Shenyang Electric Machine Co., Ltd.
For the basic electric characteristic parameters relevant to the motor
refer to the documents attached to the machine and its nameplate, Data
of foundation, main circuit and interfaces for auxiliaries refer to the outline
drawing of the motor.
It is impossible for this instruction to include all problems relating to
installation, operation, maintenance, etc. of the motor. For other problems
which are not fully expressed in the instruction, you may communicate
with our company directly, if necessary.
1.2 Product introduction
All three-phase asynchronous motors manufactured by Shenyang
Electric Machine Co., Ltd. are in conformity to LEC standards and current
standard used in the country.
Optimization design of products is realized, since up-to-date measures
of development are adopted. Therefore, the products are possessed of
reliable mechanical and electrical performances. Stator winding of high -
voltage motor adopts technology of Vacuum Pressure Impregnation (VPI)
and therefore operating life of the motor winding is prolonged effectively.
The construction of rotor winding of squirrel - cage motor is aluminium
casting- type or copper bar type. Due to adopting special technological
measures to ensure safety and reliable operating performance of them,
motors produced by Shenyang Electric Machine Co., Ltd. have greater
versatility. Products with different protecting levels can be designed and
produced according to users' requirements.
1.3 General description
1.3.1 Symbols are explained as follows
1.3.1.1 The most common construction and installation for three -
phase asynchronous motors manufactured by Shenyang Electric Machine
Co., Ltd. are IMB3, IM7211 and IMV1. (See Table 1.) (according to IEC34
-7).

Table 1
IM B3 IM7211 V1
Abbreviation Two end- shield Two pedestal Two end - shield
Letter of type bearings bearing, type bearings
international
With footing With footing Without footing

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installation With a cylindrical With a cylindrical Shaft extension
shaft extension shaft extension is
Downward
Installed on Installed on installed on the
foundation foundation bottom with
flange
Sketch

1.3.1.2 Case
In the installation site and service condition of motor, motor case is
possessed of corresponding protection form to prevent dust, foreign
matters and water from entering into winding and other moving parts and
to prevent operator from accidentally touching moving and rotating parts.
Classification and mark of various protective type of case refer to IEC 34-5.
Marks of protection class consist of letters“IP”and two characteristic
digits after the letters. The meanings of characteristic digits are listed in
Table 2.
Table 2.
Basic Mark IP Abbreviation letters of international prevention．
The first Prevent person from touching and prevent solid foreign
digit ， from 0 to matter from entering into interior of motor
6
The second Protection level to prevent water drop from entering
digit ， from 0 to into motor to reach harmful degree
8
In general ， three-phase asynchronous motors manufactured by
Shenyang
Electric machine Co. ， Ltd. adopt the following protection levels ；
IP23，IP44，IP54 and IPW24.
The protection mark on the case of motor with additional device for
special climatic protection is expressed as“IPW”，such motor are suitable
for outdoor installation.
1.3.1.3 Cooling
Various cooling circuits and cooling means of rotating electrical motor
are defined in IEC34-6.
Symbols which express cooling means include letters“IC”and one letter
and two characteristic digits after“IC”to show various cooling circuits with

4
different cooling mediums.
The most common cooling means of motor are identified with the IC
and two characteristic digits.
The three-phase asynchronous motors generally adopt the following
cooling means:
IC01，IC11，IC21，IC31，IC37，IC81W，IC151，IC611.
The meaning of mark for cooling means see Table 3.
Table 3
Mark Description
IC01 self-cooled open-type motor with cooling fan mounted on the
shaft.
IC11 self-ventilated motor with air inlet duet
IC21 self-ventilated motor with air outlet duct
1C31 self-ventilated motor with inlet and outlet ducts
IC37 Motor with inlet and outlet ducts as well as independent or
separate
blower，or pressure source of cooling medium
IC81W Air-cooled and self-ventilated motor
Heat exchanger (air-water) installed on the motor
Power of water circulation supplied by independent pump or
water system
IC141 Totally-enclosed and fan - cooled motor with self- ventilation，
(with cooling fins in the case)
ICl51 Totally-enclosed and fan-cooled motor with self
-ventilation(with cooling pipes in the case)
IC611 Totally -enclosed and fan—cooled with self-ventilation heat
exchanger(air-air) installed on the motor
1.3.2 Direction of rotation
When the letter order of terminal markings of the motor(U ， V ， W or
U1，V1，W1，U2，V2，W2 …) are same as that of phase order of power
supply (L1，L2，L3)，the direction of rotation of the motor is clockwise as
viewed from the end of main shaft extension．Accord to the condition , if
need counter-clockwise rotation ,please first get agreement from my
company . Then reverse U and W as shown in Figure 2 .

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 Figure 1 Clockwise rotation as Figure 2 Counter-clockwise rotation
viewed from driving end as viewed from driving end
In case the motor is two speed motor ， double voltage motor or high
speed motor with irreversible rotation ， refer to the relevant particular
direction of rotation and terminal marking in the outline drawing ．During
motor running，to reverse wire connection of power supply to make motor
rotate in reverse direction but brake is not permitted．
2.Installation and adjustment
2.1 Goods receiving and handling
Refer to outline drawing and packing list to determine goods received
items and to check whether or not goods are complete.
Lifting rods and lifting holes must be used in all lifting work ． Lifting
and supporting at iron core laminations or winding are strictly
prohibited．When hoisting whole motor ，hoisting rope should be used to
make the weight evenly distributed and supporting bar should
be used to prevent top cover from deforming ． When
installing ， careless handling and hoisting with incorrect use of lifting rod
and hoisting hook would damage motor more seriously as compared with
the motor normally running for many years．When handling motor，take
care not to damage the winding.
Attention ： When hoisting whole motor ， use of lifting lugs on the top
cover is strictly prohibited，If heavier coupling or other attachments cause
unbalance of hosting ,hoisting rope must be added additionally to prevent
motor from overturning .
Motors with medium and large capacity are often equipped with fixing
devices for rotor to prevent rotor from moving in axial direction. When
handling the whole motor, fixing device for rotor must be mounted. If
fixing device is not mounted, damage of bearing would occur due to axial
movement of bearing.
2.2 Storage
2.2.1 Ordinary storage
The motor should be stored in a clean and dry place with covering on
it. If it is cold, moist or undergoing severe temperature variation in the
storage place, the temperature of motor winding should be kept 5℃ above
the environmental temperature to prevent it from dewing and absorbing
moisture.
2.2.2 Temporary storage
Alter motor is received and is not installed immediately, unpacking and
inspection should also be carried out as well as it should be stored in a
room where it is clean, dry and with small temperature variation.
2.2.3 Unpacking

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 Remove all package and non - permanent auxiliary devices of motor.
Clean away dirt on the shaft extension and the coupling with petroleum
solvent and observe necessary safe precaution. For wound rotor motor,
insulation should be filled between collecting ring and brush in order to
prevent forming specks on the working surface of collecting ring.
2.3 Preparations before installation
Before installing motor, the following points should be checked.
2.3.1 On the foundation platform, determine marks of position so that
center line of the unit and elevation of the foundation surface can be
found out.
2.3.2 According to the outline drawing of the motor, check the
foundation to determine proper positions of foundation pit (if any), cable,
cable duct, busbar or ventilating pipe, and there is enough space to carry,
out installation of the unit and its attachments.
2.3.3 Check the dimensions and position of foundation bolts as well as
the elevation of the top of the bolts according to outline drawing.
2.3.4 Prepare enough quantity of leveling pieces and shims to ensure
that base plate or base frame will not deform when installing them.
2.4 Positioning
The following factors should be considered when determining the
location of motor.
2.4.1 The motor should be installed in the place with good ventilation.
2.4.2 Attention should be paid to the air inlet mad outlet of the motor.
Never make hot exhaust air entering into air inlet to cause repeated
circulation or hot exhaust air directly entering into another motor.
2.4.3 Ensure that there is enough working space around the motor to
facilitate motor disassembling, cleaning or inspecting.
2.4.4 When installing motor of slide bearing with oil ring, the shaft
should be maintained in a horizontal position to avoid oil leakage and to
ensure normal operation of oil ring.
2.5 Foundation
Foundation must be rigid so that vibration of motor and degree of non
alignment for shaft line in operation can be decreased to minimum. It is
better that foundation has a rigid concrete block with sufficient depth
which is placed on a rigid ground. In case motor must be placed on a steel
structure rather than a concrete foundation, the beam and frame should
be supported with sufficient struts. (A common cause of vibration of motor
is that when designing foundation, motor is installed on the high structure
without sufficient consideration for vibration problem)
Footing surface of the motor should be placed on steel spacer or bed
plate. The top surface of steel shims or plates must form a level surface
and its elevation is slightly lower than the value of elevation obtained from
the maximum distance between center line of motor shaft and footing
surface. Before the footing or base plate are placed on the concrete

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foundation, the top surface of foundation should be made rough and
washed thoroughly. Grouted layer of foundation should be carried out
strictly according to the requirements to ensure solid foundation.
2.6 Installation of foundation
In case the motor manufacture does not provide spacers, they should
be fabricated with steel plate according to the following description.
2.6.1 Proper hole should be made on spacer to adapt to anchor boll
mounting.
2.6.2 There are enough sphenoid spacer and iron spacer ensure that
make pression about 20-40kg/cm2,the location of motor along anchor
bolt and area of concentrative load ,as well as under support bar of base
frame .
2.6.3 Installation of spacers used between base surface of motor and
steel foundation surface should be properly filled up.
Rigidity of foundation and accuracy of contact between base surface of
motor and foundation surface directly influence vibration of the motor
when operating.
2.7 Procedure of installation
According to type of motor protection, take care of surrounding
environment for installation. Open-type motor should never be installed in
the hazardous, inflammable or dusty place.
2.7.1 The installation of heavy - duty motor (with pedestal bearing) is
mainly introduced as follows.
2.7.1.1 According to the position of horizontal and vertical axes of
motor (generally center line of motor is chosen), two tensioned steel wires
are set above the foundation with a certain height. Plumbs are hanged on
the steel wires and used as reference for adjusting position of base plate.
2.7.1.2 While foundation bolts are mounted on the foundation, spacers
are placed on the foundation surface and along the periphery of base
plate, (Foundation bolts and spacers are provided by the customer.) as
well as under support bar of base frame.
2.7.1.3 Remove bearing cover, bearing shoe, etc. on the pedestal
bearing which has been fixed on the base plate. Lift base plate and
pedestal together and put them on spacers. Adjust the longitudinal
position of base plate by means of plumbs and adjust the horizontal
position as well as height of base plate by means of spacers. After the
position of base plate is adjusted , tighten foundation bolts immediately
.Finally, recheck levelness with leveller. The tolerance of air bubble in the
leveller should not exceed 1/2 graduation (1 graduation corresponds to
3mm inclination for lm length) and fix the spacers.
2.7.1.4 Rust-preventing grease filled in the bearings when delivering
from the company must be rinsed. Wipe bearing shoe, bearing retainer of
rotor, shaft extension, etc. thoroughly with a rag dipped with gasoline. A
haft coupling or gear is sleeved at the end of shaft extension.

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 2.7.1.5 Carry out the installation of stator and rotor. The installation
method of stator and rotor depends upon the capability of customer's
hoisting equipment and at the same it is determined on long shaft short
shaft of the motor. When hoisting ,pay attention to that the hoisting rope
should not touch the fan ， winding ,collecting ring ， bearing and shaft
extension．
a．Short shaft type：
For short-shaft type motor ， in case the customer has hoisting
equipment with sufficient lifting capacity to lift stator and rotor
simultaneously ， at first put the rotor into the stator to make rotor
smoothly lay on the inner surface of stator core ， and then lift the
stator．The stator and the rotor are together hoisted on the baseplate as
shown in Figure 3.In case the customer's hoisting equipment is insufficient
to lift stator and rotor simultaneously, first lift the stator and lay it on the
base plate and insert wooden blocks below the stator base to raise the
stator (See figure 4 )，and then lift the rotor and lay it on the inner surface
of stator core smoothly. Then slowly lower them into place together to
carry out installation as shown in Figure 4. Height to be raised for the
stator will make the rotor not touch bearing pedestal when laying the rotor
on the inner surface of the stator. But the installation method of raising
stator is unsafe ． In order to avoid accidents customer must be very
careful when using the method．
In Figure 4，B>A should be used for A and B dimensions.

Figure 3：Installation sketch of Figure 4：Installation sketch of

hoisting stator and rotor raising up stator and rotor
together for short shaft with wooden block for stator
type motor shaft type motor
b．Long shaft type
For long-shaft type motor，if the lifting capacity of customer's hoisting
equipment is sufficient ， the installation method of long-shaft type motor
can be the same as that of short - shaft type motor, i.e. stator and rotor
are lifted together and laid on the base plate to install ．If the capacity of
hoisting equipment is insufficient ， first lift the stator and lay it the base
plate by the side of shaft extension bearing ． (At the moment ，take care
that the end part of stator coil should not touch the base plate.)Then ，lift
the rotor and insert it into the stator obliquely．Properly move the stator a
little to make the rotor just lay on the inner surface of the stator core，and

9
then carry out installation work as shown in Figure 5.
2.7.1.6 First fix the stator with dowel pin ， but do not mount bolts on
motor base plate temporarily ， and then adjust the rotor to make the
stator in alignment with the rotor core ． At last ， insert the lower half-
bearing into the bearing pedestal to make rotor be supported on the
bearing shoe．
At this moment ， take care that clearance between each shoulder
blade of bearing retainer and between two ends of the bearing bush
should be equal (Generally they are 2.5-3.0mm)，as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 5 Installation diagram of Figure 6 Axial clearance between

long-shaft type motor bearing bush and rotating shaft
stator and rotor are
separately hoisted．
2.7.1.7 Measure the length of air gap
between stator and rotor in upper，lower,
left and right four locations at front and
rear ends of the motor with measuring scale
by inserting it into air gap. All gap lengths
should be evenly distributed and the absolute
value of difference between the average value
and the maximum value or the minimum value Figure 7 Radial and axial
should not exceed 10% of the average value. Measuring with
Thus，it is agreed that air gap lengths are calibration scale
even practically ， in consideration of forming of oil film in the bearing
during motor running ， it would have influence on variation of air gap
length ．It is recommended that the upper air gap length may be greater
than lower air gap length with 0.10-0.15mm approximately during air gap
calibrating.
2.7.1.8 For motor which is directly connected with elastic
couplings，concentricity of two half couplings，on the motor and its driven
machine as well as parallelism and clearance length of their end face can
be measured with radial and axial two-purpose calibration scale as shown
in Figure 7.Concentricity can be checked with the relative value of
clearance a ． and parallelism can be checked with the relative value of
clearance b．The checking method is as follows．
Take four points(0° 90° 180° 270° ) within one circumference ． If the

10
difference of measured value of a or value of b at these four points
mentioned above does not exceed 0.04-0.05 mm ， the result is
satisfactory．
The clearance between the end faces of two half couplings is
determined by the sum of axial movements of the motor and its driven
machine ． As to the motor (i.e.the driven machine is excluded from
consideration) ， the clearance length should be at least 3 mm ． In case
gear coupling is used，please refer to the installation instructions relevant
to gear box which are provided by the mechanical department．
2.7.1.9 After the position of stator and rotor as well as air gap etc are
accurately adjusted, tighten anchor bolts immediately ． Assemble each
components of bearing part．Before final mounting of end cover，recheck
the air gap once．
2.7.1.10 As to oil-ring bearing ， fill the bearing with oil to the height
specified in the oil gauge ． As to oil pressure bearing and composite
bearings oil pipe system should be ready on advance ． Grease oil used
should conform to the specification specified in the document attached to
the machine.
2.7.1.11 Connect ground wire to the baseplate ． Carry out wire
connection of stator and rotor(wound-rotor motor) ． Cable head and
amour，etc．should be grounded．
2.7.2 Centering control
2.7.2.1 General description
When the motor is placed on the base frame or base plate ， place it
near the final location of alignment as close as possible ． Set properly
spacers as mentioned above in the preliminary decision．
The rotor of motor with pedestal sliding bearing should be located at
position of magnetic center or axial travelling middle position of the
rotor(mechanical center) ． If position of magnetic center can not be
determined or the marking of position of magnetic center is not
provided ， set the rotor at the mechanical center ． Under certain
condition，take care that there is a thermal expansion in the shaft of the
driven equipment ． Though the motor is located at the position of
magnetic center when installing under the room temperature ， the axial
position of motor rotor will displace under normal operation due to this
expansion in order to ensure that under hot operation the motor rotor
always situates at the position of magnetic center aligned, when installing
motor under room temperature, the stator should be moved for a small
distance in the direction away from the driven equipment. The value of
distance
is equal to the length of expansion of the driven equipment shaft between
mort temperature during installing and normal rated temperature. This
value should be provided by the manufacturer of the driven equipment.
This method can prevent motor bearing from damaging caused by the

11
thrust load.
When positioning of motor has fulfilled the requirement of axial
traveling ,mount and tighten the anchor bolts. Check the angle and
position of the motor, to see whether or not it is aligned. Alighment of
angle is verified by the method of measuring gap between faces of
coupling with filter gauge at top, bottom and two sides of the coupling. All
readings should be taken at the locations of the same radius which is
calculated from shaft center. Size of radius taken is from the place where
the radius is as large as possible. Then rotate the two shafts (motor and
shafts of driven equipment) to 180° together. Again, measure at the
positions of each 90°. So, to check the angle between shaft axes
accurately can be ensured and it would not be influenced by projecting of
any axial positions.
Attention: Though the elastic coupling permits a certain amount of out
of alignment of shaft axis, but even if there is only several thousandths
millimeter of out of alignment. It is possible that tremendous vibration
would be introduced into the system. In order to obtain maximum service
life and minimum vibration of bearing, align the center line of unit as
accurately as possible and check the condition of alignment under hot
status.
After recommended center position is finally adjusted, the dowel pin
should be hammered into the base frame of base plate through the base.
Thus it facilitates centering adjustment and reinstallation of the motor
after it has been removed from the original position due to certain
reasons.
2.7.2.2 The motor adopts magnetic centering adjustment of end-cap
type slide bearing .After the motor is started independently and attained
to stable condition ,measure the position of pointer ,checking whether it is
the same as the marking on the pedestal .Then firmly fix the coupling and
the shah. So, during motor running the magnetic center can be ensured in
stable condition basically, to decrease various unfavorable influences to
motor itself or to main motor due to excessive deviation of magnetic
center.

1. Adjusting nut
2. Pointer
3. Marking

Figure 8 Adjustment of magnetic center

2.7.3 For the positioning pin of pedestal bearing, the non - insulation
steel pin is used when delivering from factory. The user shall replace the

12
insulation pin before operation to prevent shaft current happening
(insulation pin is supplied when leaving from the factory).
Be sure that all installation and repair work have been accomplished.
Inspect foundation anchor bolts and dowel pins to ensure installation in
position and proper tightening.
2.8 Electric measurement
2.8.1 Measurement of insulation resistance
2.8.1.1 When measuring insulation resistance of motor winding, it
should be carried out in actual cold state.
2.8.1.2 Choice of megohmmeter
According to rated voltage of the motor, choose the megohmmeter
from Table3.
Table 3
Rated voltage of motor ( V ) Specification of megohmmeter ( V )
Below 500 500
500-3000 1000
Above 3000 2500
When measuring insulation resistance of embedded temperature
detector, megohmmeter with voltage not higher than 250 V should be
chosen.
2.8.1.3 Measuring method
If the beginning and end terminal leads of different phase windings are
all led out from the motor case, the insulation resistance between each
phase winding and the case as well as that between various phase
windings should be measured separately, the three phase windings were
already connected in the interior of motor and only three terminal leads
were led out, insulation resistance between all windings and the motor
case should be measured. As to wound - rotor motor, insulation
resistances of stator winding and rotor winding should be measured
separately.
After measuring, static charges in the winding should be discharged to
ground.
2.8.1.4 Under hot condition, the insulation resistance of stator winding
of motor shall not be lower than the value obtained from the following
equation:
where: R--Insulation resistance of winding, MΩ
U
R=
1000 + P / 100

U--Rated voltage of winding, V

P--Rated power, kW
2.8.2 Measurement of direct current resistance of winding under actual

13
cold condition
2.8.2.1 Temperature measurement of winding under actual cold
condition. Place the motor in a room for a period of time, measure the
temperature of end of motor winding or iron care with a thermometer (or
embedded temperature detector). When difference between temperature
measured and temperature of cooling medium does not exceed 2 K, the
temperature measured is the temperature of winding under actual cold
condition. In case the temperature of end of winding or iron core is unable
to be measured, using temperature of motor case instead of temperature
mentioned above is allowed. As to large- sized and medium-sized motors,
time of placing thermometer should not be less than 15 min.
2.8.2.2 Measuring method
a. Measure d. c. resistance of winding with double - arm bridge or
single-arm bridge. When the resistance is equal to or less than 1Ω , the
double- arm bridge must be adopted in measurement.
b. When automatic detecting device or digital micro- ohmmeter, etc
instruments are used to measure the resistance, testing current passing
through the winding to be measured should not exceed 10% of its normal
operating current. The time of energizing should not exceed 1 min.
c. When measuring, the motor rotor is stationary and the resistance of
stator winding should be measured at terminals of lead wire of the motor.
As to wound rotor motor, the resistance of rotor winding should best be
measured at the connecting piece which connects winding and collecting
ring.
Each resistance is measured for 3 times. The difference between
reading of each time and the average reading of three times should be
within ±0.5% of the average reading. The average rea3ing is chosen as
actual value of resistance.
d. If there are beginning and end terminal wires of each phase winding
led out from the motor, the resistance of each phase winding shall be
measured. If there are 3 wire terminals led out from the motor in which 3
phase windings are already connected internally, the resistance can be
measured between any two wire terminals. The value of resistance of each
phase (Ω) can be calculated according to the following equations:
For star winding connection:
Ra= Rmed - Rbc (1)
Rb= Rmed - Rca (2)
Rc= Rmed - Rab (3)
For delta connected winding:
Ra = RbcRca / (Rmed - Rab) + Rab - Rmed (4)
Rb = RcaRab / (Rmed - Rbc) + Rbc - Rmed (5)
Rc = RabRbc / (Rmed - Rca) + Rca - Rmed (6)
Where: Rab, Rbc and Rca are resistance values measured between
terminals of A and B, B and C and C and A separately, Ω

14
 Rab + Rbc + Rca
Rmed =
2
If the difference between the resistance value at each line end and the
average value of these three line end resistance meets the stipulation shill
be calculated according to following equations:
For star connected winding:

1
Rmed = RaV (7)
2

For delta connected winding:

3 (8)
Rmed = RaV
2
where: Rav - Average value of resistance for 3 line terminals. Ω
3. Electric connection and start-up
3.1 Connection
The control circuit, overload protection and grounding of the electric
motor shall be managed according to specifications. In order to protect the
safety of personnel, there is a special grounding device on the base of the
electric motor.
3.2 Initial start - up not connected with load
The first time of energizing after the electric motor is newly installed,
overhauled or stopped running for a long period of time is deemed to be
the initial start- up. It is suggested to carry out the initial start- up under
the condition that the electric motor is not connected to the driven
machine. Prior to the initial start - up, inspection of the following items
must be carried out.
3.2.1 Confirm that all installation and maintenance work have been
finished and inspected.
3.2.2 Confirm that all temporary supports and cover plates have been
removed.
3.2.3 Inspect the bearings to ensure that all oil containers are filled
with the correct lubricating oil to the proper level. If the forced lubricating
system is adopted, it must be confirmed that the lubricating oil must be
correct in trade mark, type and quality as well as that it is filled to the
proper level. And, at the same time, the lubricating oil system is in the
operating condition. For pressure and temperature of the incoming oil,
refer to 4. 10. 2. 7
3.2.4 Measure the insulation resistance of winding. Dry the winding if
necessary.
3.2.5 Check if the frequency, number of phases and voltage of the
power source conform with the value on the nameplate of the electric
motor and whether the voltage fluctuation is within the limit of 5% of the

15
rated value on the nameplate.
3.2.6 Check the lead wire of the electric motor and the mark of the
power supply line to determine if the direction of rotation of the electric
motor is in accordance with the demanded direction.
3.2.7 Check whether there is proper space around the electric motor
for air ventilation.
3.2.8 Check whether all the air inlet and outlet ports of the electric
motor are free.
3.2.9 Check whether dust in the electric motor has been removed. If
compressed air is used to blow the electric motor, the air must he clean
and dry while the pressure should not exceed 2*10 Pa (2kgf/cm2).
3.2.10 Check whether there are sufficient clearance between all
moving and stationary components.
3.2.11 Check whether there are any foreign materials in the interior of
and on the electric motor. If any, clean thoroughly.
3.2.12 Inspect while turning the electric motor and listen carefully
whether there is noise of friction.
3.2.13 If there are current transformers on the electric motor, the
secondary winding must be connected to the special- purpose control
equipment or must be short - circuited. The electric motor shall never be
started up under the condition while the secondary winding of the current
transformer is in open circuit.
3.2.14 Check all the other electric connections to see whether they are
proper.
3.2.15 Cheek the connections of the electric motor and the auxiliary
equipment
3.2.16 According to the voltage and phase number of space heater
shown in the overall diagram, confirm the power supply.
3.2.17 Push the rotor of the driven equipment m the direction toward
the limit value of axial travelling gap of the rotor, confirm that the half
coupling of the motor at the limit position would not touch the half
coupling of the driven equipment. Special care must be taken that touch
between the half couplings must be corrected before non- connecting start
- up.
3.2.18 Cover plates being moved due to inspection should be replaced
to the original places. Check and confirm that all cover plates, protective
coven and filter, etc are properly set up.
3.2.19 Confirm that all protective devices and monitoring devices are
properly connected and operated.
3.2.20 Check and confirm that the water and oil supplying systems (if
any) have been connected and they are operating. Special attention
should he paid to the Water, air- cooled motor. In the cooler, the residual
gas must be discharged through the gas discharging valve and the electric
motor must operates properly.

16
 3.2.21 Connect the electric motor to power supply. Pressing the start
up control button and then pressing the start control button immediately
to check the direction of rotation of the electric motor. If the practical
direction of rotation does not conform to the direction demanded for load
and that specified for the electric motor, after the rotor stops gradually
due to inertia, change the connection of the lead wire to correct the
direction of rotation,
3.2.22 Start the electric motor again and let it operate. Check the
temperature of the bearing frequently, especially within the preliminary 2
hours of operation. In this period, the rate of temperature rise of the
bearing can better indicate the trouble than that of the absolute
temperature of the hearing. The final temperature of the bearing shall not
exceed 80℃ (for sliding bearing) and 95℃ (for rolling bearing).
3.2.23 When start up for idle running of the electric motor, the
magnetic center must be properly adjusted and set a mark for it. Set up a
flange and match it well with the flange of the main machine to guarantee
that the motor operates in the magnetic center.
3.3 Preliminary start up-connection of load
3.3.1 Remove all supports for positioning of coupling. Based upon the
instruction of the manufacturer of the coupling to lubricate and assemble
the half coupling. Pay attention to the matching marks set by the coupling
manufacturer. Assembling strictly according to the matching marks is very
important.
3.3.2 Start up the electric motor according to the instruction attached
to the control equipment of the motor.
3.3.3 If, after switching on for 1 -2 seconds, the electric motor cannot
rotate, cut off the power supply immediately. The trouble my be caused by
the following reasons:
a. Terminal voltage of the electric motor is too low.
b. Resisting torque of the machinery to be driven by the electric motor
is too large.
c. The rotation of loading machine is blocked.
d. Electric connection is not complete.
e. The combination of the above reasons.
Analyse the causes in detail and take actual steps to remedy. After the
trouble is removed, restart up.
3.3.4 If the electric motor cannot rotate at full speed (and it rotates at
a lower speed over 20 seconds, cut off the power supply immediately).
The trouble may be caused by the following reasons:
a. Terminal voltage of the electric motor is too low.
b. Under the condition of low creep rotating speed, the rotating torque
of the load is equal to the motor torque.
c. The ramble may be a result caused by the combination of the above
reasons.

17
 Analyse the causes seriously and take actual steps to remedy. After the
trouble is removed restart up.
3.3.5 Pay attention to the vibration the motor. The value of vibration at
this time may be different from that when the motor is not connected with
driven equipment. If the vibration is too large after being connected,
inspection is required for setting and it should be aligned to the center.
Refer to the chapter for trouble shooting in this instruction book.
3.4 Working system for start-up
The limiting range of the starting up working system shall not be
exceeded. Except the working system is defined on the nameplate, the
working system defined below shall not be exceeded.
3.4.1 When the initial temperature of the motor is the ambient
temperature it is permitted to start-up continuously twice. Between the
two times of start- up, motor shall be stopped naturally.
3.4.2 When the initial temperature of the motor is the operating
temperature of rated load, only one start - up is permitted.
Special attention: due to repeated start - up or the long time for start-
up, the overheat and overstress would reduce rapidly the service life of
the stator winding or the rotor.
3.5 Taking out of service
3.5.1 On the work site
If the motor stop to use over one month but is still connected to the
machinery driven on the foundation follow the stipulations listed here:
a. Discharge the oil and replace it with clean anti- rust oil (For rolling
bearing with lubricating grease, this provision is not applicable.) Every
month the shaft should be turned for several times, if the environment is
damp and dewing may be formed, then the time interval should be
shorter.
b. Energize the space heater and check periodically to guarantee it is
under good working condition. If there is no space heater on the electric
motor, several electric bulbs of 100W or 150W may be set in the electric
motor and then they are energized to keep the interior temperature higher
than that of the exterior.
c. All bare metallic surfaces exposed in the open air must be coated
with antirust oil.
d. Prior to restart up the electric motor, clear away the anti- rusting
coating on the surface. Discharge the remained oil and rep, Lane it with
dean working oil to the level specified. Remove all temporary heating
devices set in the interior of the motor and cheek the inspection items
concerning prior initial starting up in provision 3. 2.
3.5.2 Storage of the electric motor at the place away from the working
site If the electric motor is transported and set at a place away from the
working site over 1 month, recommend the following stipulations are to be
followed.

18
 a. All metallic bare surfaces exposed are to be coated with anti- rust
oil.
b. Mount the original fixing device of the rotor and clamp the rotor
tightly when handling it by crane, to avoid impact.
As to the motor that possesses shaft insulation requirement, the
insulating pins should be replaced with metallic pins. When operating,
don't forget to change them with the original insulation pins.
c. Store electric motor in the way mentioned in provision 2. 2.
d. Restart-up the electric motor according to specifications in
provisions 3.2 and 3. 3.
4. Inspection and maintenance
4.1 In order to guarantee that the electric motor can operate
continuously, safely and reliably, the program for repair and maintenance
should be worked out according to the following criteria. Hidden troubles
must, be found out and the occurrence of trouble must be avoided.
4.2 Routine inspection of the motor during operation
The lubricating system should be inspected frequently. Oil level of all
oil gauges must be checked. Through the observation window of the oil
ring watch the rotation condition of the oil ring. If oil leakage is found,
search the causes and correct them. Supervise the colour change and
contamination of the lubricating oil. Pay attention to serious noise or
serious vibration or sudden increase of them. They should be remedied as
soon as possible. During the continuous operation, check the temperature
of beatings periodically.
4.3 Maintenance plan
Under general conditions of application, the following plans for
maintenance are recommended. (Different enterprises, may work out their
own plans according to practical conditions)
4.3.1 Weekly inspection
a. Measure the temperature with the measuring temperature devices.
Measure the temperatures of the stator winding, cooling air and bearings.
(For example, buried type resistance temperature measuring element may
be used.)
b. Listen carefully whether there is abnormal mechanical noise or other
changed noise, in the motor. (Such as friction or tapping sound, etc.)
c. When there is water - air heat exchanger, check the water pipe to
see if it leaks.
d. When a filter device is used, check the filter and see how seriously it
is contaminated.
e. Measure the temperatures of bearings at the location where the
temperature measuring device is set and record them.
4.3.2 Monthly inspection
a. Measure vibration of the motor with the instrument. The measuring
point is the middle of the bearing cell.

19
 b. Check all electric cables, connecting wires and their fastened
degree.
c. If it is a wound rotor, check the collecting ring, conducting bolt and
the electric brush to see whether there is dust deposited. When it is a
needed dear away the dust. Cheek galling of the electric brush and
whether the brush can move freely in the brush- holder. In case of need
change a new electric brush.
d. When this is a filter, after the action of filter monitor device (such as
the pressure difference switch), the filter should be replaced or cleaned.
e. In the bearings with oil lubrication, check the movement of oil rings
to see whether the movement is smooth as well as the condition of oil
carrying. Check the sealing of bearing to see if oil leaks out. If
contamination by oil occurs, clear away the dirts and inspect the
equipment for oil supply.
4.3.3 Quarterly inspection
a. Measure the insulation resistance of stator winding and rotor
winding.
b. A megohmmeter with rated voltage off 500V is used to measure the
insulation resistance between the insulating bearing or bearing seat and
the steel base.
c. Check the degree of dust deposited in the electric motor.
d. Check the degree of dust deposited in the power supply on the
instruments and on the control connecting wires.
e. Check the grounded electric brush (if any), ensure pressure on the
electric brush.
4.4 Periodic inspection
Based upon the actual service condition inspect the electric motor
every half year or every year. The following items are to be checked every
half year.
4.4.1 If the following conditions exist in the surrounding environment
of the electric motor.
a. Corrosive or conductive dust.
b. Cotton liter (or very dirty environment exists while using the electric
motor)
c. Chemical fog steam, salty mist or oily mist
d. moist or very dry: radiating heat, animal disturbance or substances
which cause the growth of mould exist in the atmosphere.
e. Abnormal impact, vibration or external mechanical loading
4.4.2 If the electric motor operates in the following circumstances:
a. Deviation from the rated voltage and (or) frequency is too great.
b. Poor air ventilation of the room or temperature of air in the
environment is in excess of 40℃.
c. The motor bears loading of twisting impact, repeated over loading or
acceleration for a long period of time is caused due to large load inertia.

20
 4.4.3 Inspection list should be prepared according to the following
requirements to guarantee proper operation of the motor.
a. Clean bearing throughly and replace the lubricating oil (grease). If
abnormalities were found with the bearing, inspect the bearing.
b. Take actual steps to remedy oil leaking at the bearing sealing.
c. Remove the end cover and the top housing. Check whether
condensed dew or water deposit or rusting of iron exists.
d. Pay attention to dust or other foreign materials deposited.
e. Check component part, especially to check whether over heating
occurs to the insulation. The phenomena are air bubble, change of colour
and carbonization to be taken place. Check all insulated electric joints to
see whether there are galling of insulation, breaking of paint and shifting
of coils. Measure stator winding insulation resistance.
f. Check all joints to see whether there are phenomena of improper
connection or overheating, flying arc, corrosion, etc. Based on
requirements, take actual step to remedy.
g. Check all bolts and nuts to see whether they are well fastened.
Special attention must he paid to the fasteners on the rotor, because they
are loose they may fall into the motor.
h. Check if there is overheating or electric corrosion of the main lead
wire.
4.5 Inspection and clearing up of winding
Remove the end cover or wind shield (if any) to facilitate the
inspection. In order to inspect thoroughly and to clear up the winding, the
rotor must be pulled out from the stator.
4.5.1 Dry cleaning
When the surface to be cleaned is easy to approach and there is only
dry dust on it, just wipe it with a piece of clean cloth without linter. A
satisfactory result can be obtained, no “flannel” can be used, since the
linter may stick on the insulation surface and would cause deposit of dust.
Such villus is harmful to insulation especially of high voltage electric
motor.
4.5.2 Brushing and sucking
The dust can be removed with short and hard hair brush. Then dean
with vacuum cleaner for sucking. (No metallic brush is permitted to use).
To avoid the dust from spreading over or depositing on other equipments.
4.5.3 Blowing or spraying
Blow or spray air to the very narrow space where it is almost
impossible to approach. (The electric motor must not be moistened).
Direction of air blowing must not bring the dust into the deep interior of
the electric motor. This is because it is hard to clear away the dust there
and at the same time the dust might block the air ventilation channel.
Special attention: Pressure of air used shoed not be higher than 2*l05
Pa(2kgf/cm2). The air must be dry, free from condensed water from the air

21
pipe.
4.5.4 Cleaning with solvent
Solvent is very effective in cleaning asphalt, grease, wax on the
electric equipment.
To clean insulation articles, inorganic volatile solvents or solvent of
petroleum are adopted. In places where there is risk of fire disaster, clean
with solvent which has the effect of inhibition.
Special attention: When cleaning with solvent, the ventilation must be
provided to prevent fire disaster, explosion and damage to human health.
4.6 Insulation resistance
Even if the insulation resistance of winding does not reach at the
lowest value, drying the electric motor is required and according to
demand, the motor must be cleaned.
4.6.1 Measurement of insulation resistance
Refer to 2.8.1 for measurement of insulation resistance.
4.6.2 Drying the electric motor
If the insulation resistance is lower than the permissible value, after
being cleaned, dry the electric motor with one of the following methods.
4.6.3 The following are several ways to dry the electric motor when it
is installed on the working site.
4.6.3.1 Copper - loss heating method
Wiring diagrams of the copper- loss heating method are shown in
Figure 9 and Figure 10.

Figure 9 Wiring diagram of the Figure 10 Wiring diagram of the

copper- loss heating method copper- loss heating method
with current passing through stator with current passing through rotor.
In Figure 9, the rotor of electric motor is blocked. The stator winding is
connected as it is in working state. For the electric motor with wound
rotor, the rotor winding should be short - circuited. Then, apply 10-15% of
rated voltage to the stator winding (according to proper connection,
alternative voltage of 3 phase power frequency is used). Thus, the current
of stator reaches 50-70% of the rated value. So, the electric motor
becomes hot due to copper-loss. In order to avoid damage of the brush on
the wound rotor, user it better not to conduct the 3 lead wires through the
brush. It is proper to short - connect the rotor winding on the 3 lead wires
of the rotor or on the electric conducting rod of the collective ring.
In Figure 10 the wiring is only applicable to the motor with wound rotor.
The principle is same with that shown in Figure 11. The only difference is

22
that the voltage is applied to rotor in stationary state and the stator
winding is short circuited. Not that the voltage of the incoming line shall
be about 10 - 15% of the rated voltage of the rotor. At this time, the
current of stator will reach 50 -70% of the rated current of the stator.
The above mentioned copper loss heating method is suitable for motor
which is already assembled. If the stator is treated separately, the voltage
applied should be lower.
4.6.3.2 Blast drying method
Sketch of hot blast drying is shown in Figure 11. The air and hot air
(70-95℃) is blowed in to the motor.
The power of air- heater is:
0.4pN/100 + 20 (kw)

PN is the rated
power (kw) of
the motor to be
dried.

Figure 11 Hot blast drying method

If the motor is dried together with the rotor, during the drying process,
the rotor must be turned 180°periodically, to avoid deformation of the
rotor in beating for a long period of time. Change the position of blasting
periodically, so various parts of the coil may be blasted evenly.
The time required to dry the motor relates to the moisture contained in
winding, the temperature of heating, etc. The time period varies from over
10 hours to several days and nights (round the clock). During the
beginning period of drying, the insulation resistance would drop
temporarily and would rise again later. Finally, it comes to a steady value.
If the steady value is kept for 3 - 6 hours without any change, the drying
treatment can be ended.

1. winding temperature (℃)

2. insulation resistance (MΩ)
3. temperature
4. resistance (insulation)
5. time period for drying (hour)
Figure 12 Typical curve of insulation resistance and
winding temperature versus time.
In the process of drying, record insulation resistance, winding and
ambient temperatures. When the methods of iron- loss and copper- loss
drying are adopted, the voltage, current, etc should be recorded, too. A
diagram showing the curve of insulation resistance and winding

23
temperature versus time must be drawn as showing in Figure 12.
The time interval far recording between the measurements is half an
hour at the beginning while the insulation resistance becomes steady, it is
an hour.
When current is used for drying, the motor shall be grounded for
safety.
During the drying period, the temperatures of various parts of the
motor shall not exceed the data listed in Table 4.
Table 4
location for method of max.
measurement measurement temperature ℃

Winding and iron core Thermometer 70

Winding Resistance method 90
- ditto- Temperature detector 80-85
Temperature of air - ditto - 95
during hot blast drying
4.7 Disassembly of the motor
Every step in disassembly of the motor shall be recorded in sequence
to serve as reference in reassembly. The following shows general
procedures used.
4.7.1 Cut off all cables and lead wires connecting with power supply
instruments, monitor devices and grounding devices.
4.7.2 For the motor with sliding bearings, discharge oil in 2 bearings. If
there is another oil supply system for the bearing, shut off the oil pipeline.
4.7.3 Remove the complete top covering device (if any).
4.7.4 Remove cover plate, guard board shutter or pipeline.
4.7.5 Remove the anchor bolts and positioning pins of the motor and
disengage the connecting shafts.
4.7.6 Remove the coupling from the shaft extension. If there are
couplings at the shaft extensions on the two ends of the motor, they
should be all removed.
4.7.7 Remove all bearing covers and temperature relays,
thermocouples, etc around all the bearings. Then remove the upper half of
bearing box (refer to sliding bearing) or bearing sleeve (refer to rolling
bearing)
4.7.8 For the wound rotor, remove the lead wire between the collective
ring and the rotor connecting - wire box. Remove away the brush from the
brush holder. For the motor with collector ring attached, the collective ring
and the cover seat must be removed, too.
4.7.9 Remove the bolts from the end cover and then remove the end
cover with the help of the hole for bolt, use the bolts for lifting and take
away the two end covers.
4.7.10 With the help of a special tool , remove the fastening retainer

24
from the shaft, then remove the rolling bearing.
4.7.11 In the motor with sliding bearings. Remove the pins and bolts
from the bearing bush first. Screw in the bolts for lifting and lift away the
upper half of bush. Then remove the oil ring. At the two ends of the rotor,
simultaneously raise it to the position which makes the lower half of bush
to be free from loading. With help of the hole for bolts on the lower half of
bush, set the lower ball of bush to the top position and lift it away. Remove
the bolts at the lower half of bearing housing and remove the lower half of
bearing housing from the sealing place of the end cover.
4.7.12 Insert hard paper board or plywood into the internal hole of the
stator and set the rotor in the internal hole of the stator.
4.7.13 Remove the internal sealing ring and other devices from the
shaft.
4.7.14 Lift carefully the stator assembly (the rotor is left in the stator)
and remove it away from the base. Set it on the place where is easy for
storage or for work.
4.7.15 Remove the fan and the wind shield etc before pulling out the
rotor from the stator.
4.7.16 When drawing the rotor out of the stator, be sure there is
sufficient space around the stator and rotor, in curler to pull out the rotor.
Wrap well the neck of shaft to avoid the journal to be damaged.
4.7.16.1 On the rotor end where there is no coupling mount a steel
pipe with proper internal diameter, length and strength. Do not set the
steel pipe at the extensions of shaft, or set a red copper ring with proper
diameter in the steel pipe as a liner to protect the diameter of shaft from
being damaged.
4.7.16.2 Tie the lifting cable on the steel pipe and on the place at the
shaft near the coupling.
4.7.16.3 Lift carefully the rotor to the center place near the air gap.
Gradually move the rotor to the end of the coupling and trail it away
axially from the stator, or under special conditions, pull it out toward the
end without coupling. Pay attention not to drop the rotor or special care
must be taken to avoid it to scratch the internal bole of the stator and the
winding of the stator. When the rotor is pulled out of the motor base, it
must be seated on a reliable support.
4.7.16.4 Remove the steel pipe and the lifting cable. Beware not to
hurt the stator winding.
4.7.16.5 After the rotor is pulled out from the internal hole of the
stator, it should be placed on the working site easily to approach and a
board or other suitable material must be put under it. After the rotor is well
placed, inspection and repair and maintenance can be caned out.
4.8 Clean the motor
Clean out dust, grease, carbon powder, metallic powder, and oxides
away from the motor. It is best to use the vacuum cleaner to clean the

25
dirts. There should be a nonmetallic sucking tip on the cleaner.
4.9 Reassembly of electric motor
The motor is to be reassembled according to the reversed sequence of
disassembly. Fasten all internal bolts and fit properly new locking
elements.
4.10 Maintenance of bearing
4.10.1 Rolling bearing
Lubricating grease applied to the bearing or change of its brand should
conform to specifications of the drawings and documents related.
The rolling bearings are replaceable standardized elements.
For the motor with rolling bearing which is lubricated with grease, after
working for about 2,000 hours, the old grease must be replaced with new
one. If the bearing is used in dusty and moist environment, the lubricating
grease should be replaced more frequently.
Prior to start up the motor which has been kept in store for a long
period of time, the lubrication of rolling bearing must be inspected first of
all. In case the original lubricating grease is already hardened or
contaminated, the bearing must be cleaned with kerosene first and then
cleaned with gasoline. Then, clean lubricating grease is poured into the oil
groove. The quantity is about 2/3 of the volume capacity. If the quantity of
grease is too much, the bearing would become overheated during working
and cause decomposition of the grease. Oh the bearing there are inlet and
outlet oil pipes, oil indicator and oil discharging pan. So, oil filling and
draining can carry on without stoping the motor. Inspect carefully the
device for oil inlet and outlet to see whether the oil passages are
unobstructed and smooth to guarantee safe operation of the bearing.
In large power motor, the double
bearing of bearing is used. The structure
is shown in Fig. 13. During assembling after
inspection and repairing, the spring in the
inner cover of the bearing should be set in
the groove of the inner cover with lubricating Fig.13 Structure of
grease for bearing. It may be used to set rolling double
the spring in the groove. Bearing

Then, set the inner cover of the bearing. Pay attention to keep the
spring in the groove to ensure the bearing to operate safely.
4.10.2 Sliding
The sliding bearing used in the horizontal type motor may be end
cover bearing or pedestal bearing.
On the shaft extension of the motor with sliding bearing, external
applied axial force and radial force except the weight of the coupling are
not permitted to bear.
4.10.2.1 Insulation bearing

26
 In order to avoid the electric corrosion damage of bearing shoe due to
shaft current, bearing insulation is set.
Insulation method adopted for bearing varies with the structural types
of the bearing. On the horizontal type motor with end cover bearing, for
bearing insulation, the insulation layer is stuck on the ball- shaped shell of
the bearing seat and supports the bush. When removing the bearing horn
the ball-shaped shell with the insulation layer, special care must be taken
to avoid damaging the insulation layer. For the horizontal type motor with
pedestal bearing, the insulation is realized by adding insulation gasket
between the bearing seat and the base plate of the motor.
In assembling and disassembling, be careful not to hurt the insulation.
In periodical inspection for the motor or for any other purposes, when
the motor has been disassembled prior to operate again, before starting-
up, the insulation of the motor must be checked.
4.10.2.2 Oil replacement
Oil replacement depends upon essentially the operating time, the
times for assembling, the operating temperature and degree of
contamination of oil. When the oil is seriously contaminated or its
temperature rises suddenly which is not affected by external influence, the
oil must also be replaced.
Motor with self- lubricating bearing (or motor with pressure lubricating
bearing) should often be inspected whether the bearing works properly.
For the lubricating oil, if there is obvious change of colour which is a sign
of deterioration, change with new oil in time. For self - lubricating motor,
note the oil level in oil box.
When the level is lowered, replenish with new oil.
After operating for 4,000 hours under normal condition, oil in the self-
lubricating sliding bearing should be replaced. (The motor must be
stopped when replacement takes place.) This specification is based on the
consideration of aging of the oil. Even if the motor is always in unoperating
- state (such as stand by motor in generating set for emergency putting
into use or motor not used), replacement of oil is necessary, too.
Sliding bearing with oil supplied by pressure, the replacement of oil is
20,000 hours after operation.
For high speed motor, time interval of replacements of oil should be
reduced.
4.10.2.3 Galling of parts
Inspection of bearing according to plan is necessary, since galling of
bearing can be found in time and thus they can be replaced in time.
In normal operation of motor, the temperature of bush should not
exceed 80℃.Within the preliminary running period of 2 hours, measure the
temperature of bearing is important. If the temperature of bearing exceeds
the specified value, stop running immediately and find out the cause.
If oil leakage is found ha the periodical inspection, check the

27
dimensions of the sealing parts of the bearing and replace them ha time.
In case abnormal running of oil ring in the horizontal motor is found in the
periodical inspection, check the dimensions and pay attention to
deformation.
The permissible diameter out - of - roundness of oil ring is shown ha
Table 5
Table 5
Internal diameter of oil ring (mm) Average value of any two measuring
points apart with 90mm
(mm)
＞140-200 0.5
＞200-280 0.6
＞280-400 0.7
＞400-500 0.8
＞500-600 0.9
When serious fluctuation of beating temperature occurs or a sudden
change of the temperature occurs, check if oil replacement for the bearing
is required. Devices for monitoring beating temperature may be equipped.
If there is no such devices, when abnormality is found in the temperature
higher than that specified, measure precisely with a thermometer.
4.10.2.4 Periodically inspect clearance of the bush. Equal clearances
shall be kept between each shoulder blade of bearing retainer and the two
ends of the bush.

(Table 6 shows the radial clearance of bearing. )

Table 6
Diameter of Rotation speed Max. Rotation speed Max.
bearing ＜1000r/main clearance ＞ 1000r/main clearance
(mm) (mm) (mm)
80-120 0.08-0.16 0.16 0.12-0.21 0.18
120-180 0.10-0.195 0.20 0.15-0.25 0.22
180-250 0.12-0.225 0.24 0.18-0.265 0.30
250-360 0.14-0.25 0.26 0.21-0.34 0.40
360-500 0.16-0.30 0.30 0.24-0.41 0.45
4.10.2.5 For motor with composite bearing, during operation the

28
bearing oil level should be kept at the height specified on the oil indicator.
This height is determined under the condition when the motor is stationary
and the oil in oil pipe flows smoothly. The pressure of oil supplied by the oil
pump at this time is to be set as the rated data. However, oil quantity
under this rated oil pressure may cuase the oil level change in the bearing
when the motor operates. The phenomenon are very obvious when the
speed of rotation is high. Bearing with oil ring lubrication may have the
same phenomenon. At this time, user should not increase the oil pressure
(for composite bearing) or add more oil (for oil ring type bearing),
otherwise, oil leakage will appear.
4.10.2.6 For sealing of end - cover bearing, the oil sealing device on
the bearing cover is made of insulating material in the form of floating
labyrinth which increases the ability of the bearing to resist oil leakage. In
operation, the sealing ring and the rotating shaft are concentric. In order
to ensure that no oil leakage of the bearing would occur in operation,
inspection of sealing ring is essential. Note whether there is galling,
scratching or burnt of the sealing ring.
4.10.2.7 Application and maintenance
Discharge residual oil in the bearing housing and dean it with
kerosene. Remove the deposits and dean thoroughly the detergent left in
it.
For inspection of bearing insulation, in the case of the shaft of the
motor is not contact with bearing measure insulation of pedestal bearing
or end cover sliding hearing with a 500v megohmmeter. Disassemble the
motor, the insulation resistance between the insulation gasket and the
bearing seat can be detected. If the insulation resistance of insulation
bearing to ground should not be smaller than 0.5mΩ.It indicates that there
is no phenomenon of short circuit in the insulation resistance of the
bearing. If short circuit happens in bearing insulation, find out the cause
and remedy it.
Matching of the floating labyrinth in the sealing cover is checked. The
floating labyrinth must be properly matched, it must not restrict the
sealing ring from free radial floating. If necessary, deburr may be required.
After accomplishment of various inspection and assembling work, pour in
new lubricating oil to the serf- lubricating beating (including compound
lubricating bearing).(the type & brand of the new lubricating oil is
determined according to the type of motor). While pouting the oil, observe
the oil level indicated at one side of the bearing housing. Look at the
indication from the middle position of the observation window, correct oil
level can be obtained. (mark it.) For bearing with pressurized oil supply to
lubricate (including compound lubricating bearing), careful inspection of
the joint of inlet and outlet oil pipeline is essential. Prior to starting- up the
motor, note the bearing which adopts any kind of lubrication must have a
little lubricating oil added in from the observation window which locates on

29
the top of the bearing seat.
In operation, pay attention to the lubrication of beating. For bearing
with oil ring to be lubricated, the smooth rotation of the oil ring should be
inspected and observed frequently. For bearing with pressurized oil supply
to lubricate (including compound type lubricating bearing) the pressure for
oil supply shall not exceed 0.05MPa. If the supply pressure is greater than
0.1MPa, the user of the motor must install pressure reducing valve on the
pipeline for incoming oil to the bearing. Temperature range of the
incoming oil is 15℃ to 40℃.
The correct rotation of the oil ring shall be noted. Proper operation of
the oil ring is uniform and silent. If the oil ring operates too slowly, the
lubricating effect would be influenced while it is too fast and if slight noise
is heard, it indicates that oil is insufficient.
4.10.2.8 Inspection
Inspect the bearing to ensure that no foreign matters exist in it. Clear
away any hard grains inserting in the bearing bush alloy and get rid of
them. Wipe the bearing with a piece of cloth free from any pile. It has been
dipped in clean oil. Check the two alloy surfaces of the upper and lower
bushes to see whether there is anything wrong. The scratch on the surface
of the upper bush is caused usually by unalignment of axes.
Note the trace of galling of bearings or damage of alloy of bush.
Generally such phenomena are resulted from unalignment of center or
vibration or both of them which cause over- load of the bearing.
If the galling is not very serious, grind off the projecting point produced
by displacement of the alloy to make up the damaged location.
Note the trace of scratch on the surface of the lower half bush. The
typical trace usually is in the shape of a belt with uniform width which
radially extends to the full length of the lower half bush and it
concentrates on the surface of bush at the bottom. If the trace is in the
shape of belt with different widths, maybe it is due to inproper assembly of
bearing or due to bending of the shaft. The trace of scratch that separates
in a round shape on the surface of bush that may be caused by the
granules on the exterior passing through the oil film or by the scratch on
the surface of the journal of shaft. Common surface roughness may be due
to abrasive dust in the oil. Check the surface of shaft journal to see
whether there is projecting sharp spine. If there is spine, eliminate it and
grind the surface.
Check surface of bearing to see whether there are recess points
caused by shaft electric current. If such points are rotund, find out the
reason of short circuit of bearing insulation and correct it. Open the
stopper at the bottom of the bearing housing and discharge oil from the oil
housing. Rinse the oil housing with clean oil or kerosene. Replace the
stopper with sealing gasket to is original place. Check the internal
diameter and side of the oil ring to see whether there are scratched

30
marks. Any raised burr should be eliminated carefully with fine file. If the
result of filing is not satisfactory or the bearing should be changed refer to
the instruction relating to it in this booklet. Clean thoroughly dust, grease,
old sealing material from all sealing parts. Check all sealing parts to see
whether scratches, raised burrs, galling, crack or other marks of damage
exist. Remove or eliminate them with abrasive or sand paper. Replace the
parts which are seriously damaged. Check if the matching of the float
labyrinth with the sealing cover is proper, it should not get stuck. This
sealing must he able to float radially freely. If necessary, deburr is
required.
4.10.2.9 Points of attention when changing bearing
Checking of the new bearing or bearing which is redeposited with the
alloy, matched with the neck of shaft is very important. The following
procedures should be followed.
a. Check the neck of shaft to see whether there are projecting tips or
sharp cutting marks or scratches. Use fine abrasives carefully to remove
any projecting points or sharp edges. Inspect whether the repair work is
satisfactory. Grinding or abrasion can trim the inproper alloy at the bush.
Note the soft alloy around the bright spot which appearing on the welded
surface of bush during assembly should be removed or eliminated.
b. Check the inner circumference of the bearing of the lower half bush
of the new bearing. There should be no sharp cut. If necessary, slight
scraping is permitted to make the surface smooth. However, don't scrape
too much and enlarge the release area.
c. Wipe the lower half shaft bush according to provision 4.7.12 to slit it
into the seat of bush. Attention should be paid to that in certain bearings
with pressurized oil lubrication. The oil supplying groove should be faring
the outer side of the bearing housing.
Special attention: When the lower half bush is slided into the seat, take
care not to put your hand or finger on the position where the bush would
enter to avoid being hurt.
d. Check the alignment to see whether it is proper and lower the jack,
rotation shaft or support, set the shaft neck on the lower haft bearing. Turn
the shaft to rotate for 3 revolutions in the regular direction. Raise the shaft
and turn out the lower half shaft bush carefully. Observe the diagram
composed of the projecting points expressed by the bright location. The
portion contacting with shaft neck should contain 75% of the bright belt. If
this is not reached, scrape out slightly the projecting points to change the
shape of the diagram. Then reassemble it into the lower half bush and
repeat the process of rotating the shaft. Disassemble and grind and lap the
lower half bush until the desirable diagram is obtained.
4.11 The wound rotor asynchronous electric motor with fixed brush
(normal contact)
The collective ring is the link connecting rotor winding and the brush to

31
conduct current. The asynchronous electric motor with fixed brush is
equipped with collective ring made of steel or bronze. In the preliminary
period of operation, the motor runs in no- load state for several hours. In
this period of time wearing of the brush is quite serious. Due to a layer of
carbon powder is on the surface, a current leakage channel is formed. The
danger of flying arc is increased. In order to avoid damage to the motor,
when delivering to operation, the following work must be done.
4.11.1 Record the length of the brush
After about 10 hours of operation, measure and record the full length
of each brush alter wearing.
4.11.2 Determine wearing of the brush
Measure the length of the brush every 80 hours and calculate the
wearing amount. Starting from the first measurement, calculate the
wearing amount. When the wearing amount of a certain brush reaches 4 -
5mm, the carbon powder on the insulation of collective ring and slipping
and on the brush device must be cleaned off. When the amount of wearing
reduces, the time interval may he increased to 60 hours. But whenever
wearing of brush is 4 - 5mm, the carbon powder must be cleared off once.
4.11.3 Conditions for normal operation
When the wearing is smaller than 6mm/1000hours, it is considered
that the wearing of the brush is normal. Then, the brush device is repaired
according to the plan of maintenance.
4.11.4 Cleaning work of the brush device
Every time when replacing the brush, the brush holder, insulation of
supporting screw, insulation between rings and belt of conducting rod
must be cleaned. Every month the brush device and parts of sliding ring
must he checked for the condition of dust deposition. Every 3 months,
they Should be cleaned once. Never wash the brush device with solvent.
The brush, brush holder and collective ring are best cleaned with the
vacuum cleaner to clear off the carbon powder. Then blow with
compressed air and wipe with clean dry cloth which is a small piece and
must be changed often. This is the way to ensure that the carbon powder
is thoroughly removed. In application on the surface of the collective ring,
a layer of oxidized film containing graphite is formed.
Do not proceed unnecessary polishing since it can damage the
oxidized film. Even during the time to replace the brush, this point must be
kept in mind. Only when deposit of oil and carbon powder is stuck
together, petroleum solvent may be used for wiping. At this time, all
brushes must be removed. After cleaning, the brush device is cleaned by
blowing compressed air and then wiped with clean dry cloth which is free
from oil. After about 24 hours, replace the brushes in their original
handles.
4.12 Cleaning of the cooler
In order to ensure proper running of the motor, inspect periodically the

32
empty cooler and clean the dust in it in time.
The following is the cooler condition.
The following methods can be used to clean water cooler.
Reverse rinsing the cooler
This method is to reverse the direction of water flow of the cooler. Add
water from the water outlet to rinse the interior of cooler so that dirts or
sand or mud deposit in the inlet comers can be rinsed out.
Rinse the cooler periodically.
The interior and exterior of the cooler must be rinsed. The front and
rear water tanks can be opened to rinse with water.
Leakage caused by corrosion and friction of dirts in cooler must be
remedied. The damaged positions are located usually in the expansion
joints between the heat radiating pipe and the wall plates on the two ends.
There are two ways to repair.
a. Press the hard plastic tube in cooling pipe with the method of
stationary fit from the end of the wall plate to enclose the damaged
position as shown in Fig.14. (In order to obtain better result, the wall, at
the plastic tube to be pressed in, is coated with sealing compound fluid
sealant).
1.Expansion joints
b. Block the cooling pipe which is damaged
so that water cannot pass through it. Generally,
under the condition of blocking of 5% of the
cooling pipe, the capability of heat radiation Fig.14 Repair of cooling pipe
will not be influenced.
5. Accessories
5.1 Heater
If the heater is mounted on the motor, it is generally mounted under
the frame of the motor. The components of the heater are replaceable.
When the motor is stopped for repairing, cut off the power supply of the
heater at first, and then persons can be allowed to access the wiring area
of the heater. During normal motor stoppage period, the heater can be
connected to the power supply with the manual operation or the
automatic control.
5.1.1 Replacement of heater
Before the replacement of the burned heater, switch off the
corresponding switches and circuit breakers to cut off all power supplies of
the motor. Stick on labels on these control equipments to prevent
misoperating from switching on. The procedure of replacement of the
heater is as follows.
5.1.1.1 Remove the side cover plate or the hood plate.
5.1.1.2 Disconnect lead wire at outgoing wire terminal of the heater.
5.1.1.3 Remove fixed bolts of the heater.
5.1.1.4 Replace new heater on the place of original heater. Refit fixed

33
bolts on the heater.
5.1.1.5 Reconnect the lead wires on the outgoing terminal of the
heater.
5.2 Temperature measuring elements
When the temperature measuring dement is mounted, it is Pt100 or
Cu50
Generally. If special requirements exist, it shall be implemented as per
the agreement.
5.2.1 Stator temperature measuring element
If the temperature measuring element is mounted on the motor, it
shall be normally mounted between the upper layer stator winding and the
lower layer stator winding for monitoring the stator winding temperature.
Six temperature measuring elements are mounted on the three
symmetrical locations of the stator slot, each phase with two temperature
measuring elements, one of them is standby, each temperature measuring
element can provide two or three leading wire. Three lead- wire type
temperature measuring elements can be used to compensate the
influence of the lead wires of temperature measuring elements to the
thermometer readings.
5.2.2 Temperature measuring element for bearing
Temperature measuring element for bearing can be applicable to the
monitoring of the bearing temperature.
5.3 Impulse wave protection device
Impulse wave protection device is installed according to the technical
requirements of the customer. It can consist of the current transformer,
lightening arrestor and impulse condenser. These devices can be mounted
on the motor or placed individually and can be connected to the electric
circuit conveniently. Thus they realize the protection to the motor to
prevent switch from faulting operation or lines from lightning impulse.
Inspect periodically the operating condition of these devices according to
the relevant technical requirement.
6. Trouble shooting
To identify abnormal operating signs as early as possible and to take
remedy measures quickly are very important. Its meaning is to avoid a
small fault becoming a serious fault later.
The following guide for trouble shooting may be helpful to find out and
repair the trouble which may exist. If a trouble is found out, switch off the
power supply of the motor at first.
The following is the brief description of problems which may be
encountered, the possible causes and methods of treatment.
6.1 Motor cannot start up
Starting trouble (see Table 7)
Table 7

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 Trouble Possible causes Method of treatment
The motor At least there is one lead wire Check the fuses the lines of power
can not start of power supply in open circuit supply and the lead terminal
up completely state
No voltage Check the incoming line of power
supply
There is AC Open circuit in one phase in the Check the incoming line of power
sound from stator or the rotor supply and repair the circuit
the motor but trouble
it cannot start
up
The motor Torque of load is too large Repair the trouble of drive with
can not start load and inspect no load operating
up with load condition
but it Load GD2 too large Incorrect type selection
generates Voltage of power supply is too Measure the voltage of power
normal low supply
magnetic Open circuit in the rotor Inspect rotor circuit (starter and
noise (in case of wound rotor ) connecting wire)

The motor is After starting, one incoming Inspect incoming line of power
in no load line of power supply breaks supply
running but
cannot carry
load
6.2 Heat generation in bearing
Trouble of heat generation in bearing (See Table 8)
Table 8
Trouble Possible causes Method of treatment
Overheati Unsuitable lubricant Refer to the grease or oil
ng of recommended in the assembly
bearing drawing or outline drawing
Improper oil level Check oil level
Oil ring does not Check the roughness of oil ring and

35
 rotate whether the guide oil slot is aligned
with the oil ring
load too large Check the alignment of shaft axis and
whether there is axial thrust load.
Check if the shaft bends
Bearing surface is Check whether the position of bearing
rough, bearing in alloy is displaced, and whether there
clines and shaft neck is notch point caused by the axial
pressure is excessive current and corrosion.
If there is notch point, inspect bearing
insulation, scrape off or rematch the
bearing and adjust the clearance of
bearing bush. Polish shaft neck, if
necessary.
6.3 Oil leakage
Troubles of oil leakage (see Table 9)
Table 9
Trouble Possible causes method of treatment
Oil leaking Clearance between Check whether there is leakage of
sealing surfaces is too oil between sealing clearances
large
Ventilating hole of the Check whether there is obstacle in
breather is blocked ventilating hole
Grade and type of oil are Check the oil to see whether it
incorrect conforms to the specifications
specified in outline drawing
6.4 Vibration and noise
Troubles of vibration and noise (See Table 10)
Table 10
Trouble Possible causes Method of treatment
Vibration Unbalance of the Disconnect the motor with load and
and rotor then cheek and treat it
noise Unfixing installation Retighten bolts, check spacers and
or bad foundation reinforce the fixation of installation
Friction between Determine the location of friction and
machine parts then eliminate the friction

36
 Breakage of squirrel - The amplitude varies with time. Most of
cage bar in the rotor these troubles occur in operation under
load. Repair the rotor.
Unbalance of Check coupling whether matching is
coupling improper
Non- alignment of Realign the machine unit. Recover the
shaft center line foundation to the correct plane
Resonant vibration of Vibration is serious at the foot of motor.
sup-porting structure It disappears rapidly together with
of the motor change of speed or after motor cutting
off.
Shaft neck is out of Vibration frequency is an integral
round or bended multiple of rotation frequency. Repair or
replace the rotating shaft.
6.5 Low insulation resistance
Trouble of insulation resistance (See Table 11)

Table 11
Trouble Possible causes method of treatment
Low Moisture dust, Clean up the motor and dry it according
insulation conductive particle to the requirements
resistanc or other
e contamination
Mechanical damage Inspect coil support and channel
wedge. Inspect whether there are
foreign matters or excessive vibration
Coil damage when Inspect whether it is overloaded,

37
 winding it ventilation is restricted, din
accumulation is too much, voltage is
unbalanced or voltage is unsuitable.
Replace the coil.
6.6 Overloading of the motor
Trouble or overloading of the motor (See Table 12)

Table 12
Trouble Possible causes Method of treatment
Overheati Mistake in connection of stator Check method of
ng winding (such as, method of star connection
of motor in connection is misused with method
no load
of delta connection)
running
Voltage of power supply is too high Check the voltage of
main power supply and
non-load current
Cooling is ineffective due to Clear off obstacles in
blocking of the ventilating passage the ventilating passage
Wrong rotating direction of fan Check fan and rotating
(single direction rotation for motor is direction of the fan

38
 designed)
Overheati Overloading of the motor Check the current
ng of Voltage is too high or too low Cheek the voltage
motor The motor runs in single phase Locate tile broken
when location of incoming
running line
with load Friction between the stator and Inspect the air gap
rotor between the stator and
Water flow is insufficient or local rotor. Adjust water
blocking in water cooler
pressure, water flow
and air discharge
Local over Turn- to- turn short circuit in the Find out the coil which
heating of stator (over-heating in some coils is turn- to-turn short
stator and buzz noise exists) circuited, Replace the
coil and repair it
7. Allowable temperature rise of asynchronous motor
Temperature limit K of motor (See Table 13)

Table 13
Position of the A,C. winding of A.C. iron Collective Bearing
motor motor with winding of core ring Sliding Rolli
power motor with bearing ng
capacity power bear
ing
greater than capacity of
200kW but 200 kW
smaller than and below
5000kW
B Ther 40 55
Class momet ---- ---- 80 80

er
method

39
 Resis
tance 80 80 --- ---

method
Embed
ded
90 ---- --- ---
temper
a ture
decting
method
F Ther
Class momet ---- ---- 100 90

er
method
Resis
tance 105 105 --- ---

method
Embed
ded
110 ---- --- ---
temper
a ture
decting
method
Temperature protection : For B Class ,120oC is alarm temperature ,
130oC is the cutting temperature . For F Class checking with B Class ,130oC
is alarm temperature ,140oC is the cutting temperature .For F Class
checking with F Class ,140oC is alarm temperature ,150oC is the cutting
temperature .The capacitance over 5000kw ,the temperature protection
rise 5oC .
The alarm temperature of sliding bearing is 75oC ,80oC is the cutting
temperature ,65oC is the overflow temperature .
The alarm temperature of rolling bearing is 90oC , 95oC is the cutting
temperature .

40
Instruction of selflubricating end-cap type slide

bearing

While the selflubricating end-cap type slide bearing is used in electric

motor ,the user must refer to the instruction ,inspect and adjust the

bearing .Before operation the following points should be done:

1. Inspeeting the installation of bearing bush ,ensure the position is

right ,especially between connect and operation carry on the last

inspection of steel bush .Ensure the position of bearing bush is no

41
change .If there was changed ,install and adjust it again .the following

method is how to make the bearing bush in right position .Put bearing

bush into bearing pedestal and tighten up bearing bush and under bearing

bush .Turning the electric motor while untighten the bearing and bearing

cover and bearing pedestal .

2. Pouring oil and turning the electric motor before start the motor

.the method is : Pouring a little lubricating oil through the view window of

bearing pedestal while somebody turn the shaft .Attention :This operation

must be done before start the motor every time .

3. When let person turn the shaft can’t be carried on .Another method

is point start . Pouring a little lubricating oil through the view window of

bearing pedestal before point start and measuring the temperature of

bearing bush and vibration of bearing .the suitable voltage of point start is

30%-50% of rated voltage .If the voltage can’t be lowed ,we can use full

voltage .

Shenyang Electric Machine Co . ,LTD

Address : tiexi borough weigong street 20#

Postalcode : 110026

Fax :024-25820928

Phone :024-25552213

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