DINDING THORAX ET

MEDIASTINUM
L U C K Y P R A S E T I O WAT I – F K U N A I R
 OVERVIEW

 Pendahuluan
 Dinding Thorax
• Kerangka thorax
• Musculi thoracis
• Jurai neurovasculer pada dinding thorax.
• Respirasi
 Mediastinum
 PENDAHULUAN

• Thorax
• Appertura thoracis superior
• Appertura thoracis inferior
• Dinding thorax
• Kerangka thorax
• Musculi thoracis
• Jurai neurovascular
• Cavitas thoracis
• Cavum pleura
• Mediastinum

Gray’s Anantomy for student, 2015

 DINDING THORAX

KERANGKA THORAX
• Sternum
• Costa I –XII &

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 2014

cartilago costae
• Vertebrae thoracalis
KERANGKA THORAX
1. STERNUM

• Manubrium sterni
• Incisura jugularis
• Incisura clavicula, costalis I
• Corpus sterni
• Angulus sternalis / angulus
ludovici  cartilago costa II

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 2014

• Processus xyphoideus
2. COSTAE

• 12 pasang
• costae verae (true costa): costa
I - VII.

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 2014

• costae spuriae: costa VIII - XII
• costae arcuariae (false costa):
costae VIII - X
• costae fluctuantes (floating costa):
costae XI - XII.
 Cartilago costa
 Intercostal space
 2. COSTAE

TYPICAL RIBS (III - IX)

• Capitulum (caput) costae  2
facies artic capituli costae , crista
capituli costa.
• Collum costae
• Tuberculum costae  facies
articularis tuberculi costae
• Corpus costae
• Angulus costae
• Sulcus costae  inferior, terisi jurai
neurovascular intercostalis Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 2014
 2. COSTAE

ATYPICAL COSTAE
• Costae I
• Pendek, lebar, horizontal.
• tuberculum scaleni, sulcus vena
subclavia & sulcus arteria subclavia.
• Costae II
• Tuberositas musculi serratus anterior
• Costae XI – XII

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014

3. VERTEBRAE THORACALIS

• 12 vertebrae
• Corpus vertebrae
• Heart shaped
• Arcus vertebrae
• Processus spinosus
• Processus transversus
• processus articularis sup et inf
• Foramen vertebralis

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014

 MUSCULI THORACIS

• Musculi intrinsik
• Lapisan luar
• M. intercostalis ext
• (M. levator costae)
• Lapisan tengah
• M. intercostalis int
• Lapisan dalam
• M. intercostalis intimus
• M. subcostalis
• M. transversus thoracis.
Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014
Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014
 MEKANISME RESPIRASI

• Inspirasi
• ekspirasi

TUGAS BACA
 JURAI NEUROVASCULAR

• Pada sulcus costae

• Cranial  caudal,
• vena, arteri dan nervus intercostalis

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014

 VASKULARISASI DINDING THORAX

Arteri
• Aorta thoracalis  Aa. intercots post III –
XI & A. subcostalis.
• A. subclavia  A thoracica int  Aa.
Intercost ant I - VI.
• A. intercost suprema (cab truncus
costocervicalis)  Aa. Intercost post I – II.

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014

• Vena
• V. intercost I  V. brachiocephalica yang
bersangkutan.
• Vv. intercostalis II - IV membentuk V.
intercostalis cranialis,
sinistra  V. brachiocephalica sin; dextra -
 V. azygos.
• Vv. intercostalis V - XII, sinistra V.
hemiazygos; dextra  V. azygos.

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014

 NERVUS DINDING THORAX

• 12 pasang N. thoracalis  mensarafi

dinding thorax
• Rr. anterior N. thoracalis I – XI
membentuk N. intercostalis I - XI
• R. anterior N. thoracalis XII 
berjalan ke inferior costa XII  N.
subcostalis
• R. Posterior N. thoracalis  mensarafi
joint, otot punggung dan kulit.
• Rr. Communicans  penghubung
antara truncus sympathicus dan Nn.
Intercostalis.

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014

• Melalui r. posterior dan cab.
cutaneous ant et post dari r.
Anterior N. thoracalis II – XII
 suplai dermatome trunkus

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014

 CAVITAS THORAX

• Cavum pleura
• Mediastinum, batas:
• cranial: apertura thoracis superior
• caudal: apertura thoracis inferior,
tertutup diaphragma
• ventral: sternum dan cartilagines
costalis
• dorsal: corpus vert. thoracalis dan
capituli costae
• lateral: pleura mediastinalis.

Gray’s Anantomy for student, 2015

 MEDIASTINUM

• Mediastinum Superior
• Mediastinum Inferior
• Mediastinum anterior
• Mediastinum medius
• Mediastinum posterior

Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014

 MEDIASTINUM SUPERIOR

• Thymus
• arcus aorta  A.
brachiocephalica, A. carotis
comm sin, A. subclavia sin.
• V. cava sup, Vv.
Brachiocephalic, muara
dariV. azygos
• Ductus thoracicus,  dorsal
dari arcus aorta dan a.
subclavia.
• Trachea  bifurcatio trachea
• Oesophagus
• Nn. Vagus
• Plexus cardiacus
• N. laryngeal recurrent sin
• N. phrenicus
• N. vagus
• N. reccurent
sinistra
• N. phrenicus
 MEDIASTINUM POSTERIOR

• Aorta thoracalis
• V. azygos
• V. hemiazygos,
• Ductus thoracicus  muara ke
angulus venosus sinistra
• Oesophagus
• Trachea  bifurcatio tracheae
• N. vagus
• N. splanchnicus major
• N. splanchnicus minor
• Trukus symphaticus
• N. sphlanicus major
• N. sphlanicus minor
TERIMA KASIH