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Ayurveda
• Ayurveda is the traditional health and healing system of India
• --- more than 5000 years old.
• --- In Sanskrit, Ayurveda means “knowledge or science of living.”
• ---primary focus on preventing illness & maximizing health, vitality ,
longevity
Basic principles of Ayurveda
• all things in the universe--including human beings--are made of 5 great BHUTAS:
space, air, fire, water & earth.
• to form 3 Great Doshas or Life-Forces: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha
• each Dosha manifests simultaneously as body, mind and spirit.
• So each Dosha has specific expressions on the somatic level , mental level, and
on even more subtle energetic levels.
• So for the person with Kapha excess in the previous slide, he would be encourag
ed to undertake a range of remedies designed to lower the Kapha dosha. These m
ight include:
• switching to a light spicy, vegetarian diet with lots of greens
• specific yoga postures & breathing techniques
• massage with Kapha-reducing oils
• The idea of treatment is to create the right context to regain Doshic equilib
rium
Bhutavidya- Ayurvedic Psychiatry
• This branch of Ashtang Ayurveda namely BHUT-VIDYA, (psychology and psychiatry) d
eals mainly with imbalance of the mind, diseases resulting from that and treatme
nt for the same.
• References scattered
Mana – Psyche
Karma (Functions)
Mental-disorders in Ayurveda
• Unmada
• Apasmara
• Vishada
• Chittodvega
• Madatyaya
• Atattavabhinivesha
Lakshanas (? M.S.E.)
Vibhramsha ( unsettled condition)of 8 faculties like
• ManoVibhrama- thinking, perception
• Buddhhi Vibhrama – judgement, intelligence
• Samjna Jnana – consciousness
• Smrti – memory
• Bhaktirichha
• Sheela - Akrodhino Krodhino Bhavathi
• Cheshta- psychomotor activity, speech
• Achara- General behavior and conduct
• Almost all psychiatric disorders are discussed under UNMADA
• Types of Unmada
Vatonmada
• Sense of emptiness in head
• Noises in the ears
• Irrelevant talk, Continuous and inappropriate smiling singing, dancing, laughing
, playing on instruments with loud imitation of sounds of flute, cymbal with the
help of his hands
• Attempts to ride on animals not used for the purpose
• Less self care
• Mannerism
• Preoccupied, apprehensive, anxious
Pittonmada
• He is fond of panegyrics, songs and music
• Has passion for others wives
• Excitement at wrong place associated with irritability and anger
• Impatient and attempts at violence
• Shows strength, power and energy
• Appears to be considerably increased speech, grasp, memory, understanding, knowl
edge etc.,
Kaphonmada
• Heaviness in body
• Loss of interest
• loves solitude
• mute
• Anorexia and no desire for food
• Hates cleanliness
• Decreased psychomotor activity
Treatment
• Daivavyapasraya (Divine therapy or Treatment by faith)
• Yukthivyapasraya (scientific therapy or treatment upon reasoning)
• Sattvavajaya (Psycho therapy).
Daivavyapasraya
• used in the sense of karmas, which are related to our previous life.
• Daivavyapasraya method creates confidence and removes the fearing and pessimisti
c tendencies.
• “Mantra (e.g. Gayatri Mantra), Aushadha, Mani, Mangala, Bali, Upahara, Homa, Niyam
a, Prayaschitha, Upavasa, Swasthyayana Pranipata and Yathragamana
Yukthivyapasraya
• Shodhana chikitsa- purificatory process – Panchkarma
• Shamana Chikitsa- palliative therapy - various Herbal and herbomineral drugs.
(mainly ghee preparations)
Procedures like Shirodhara, Shirobasti, Abhyanga, Anjana, Dhoopana – are useful.
Satvaavajaya Chikitsa
• 5 components
• Dnyaana (Self analysis)
• Vidnyaana (specific information)
• Dhairya (reassurance)
• Smriti (Remember the happy moments )
• Samadhi (Meditation -yoga)
Panchkarma
• Snehana with medicated Ghee (5-7 days)
• Swedana (body massage + steam therapy for 1-3 days)
• Ghrita:
• Kushmanda Ghrit
• Panchagavya Ghrita
• Vachadi Ghrita
• Kalyanaka Ghrita
• lashunadi ghrita
• Mahacaitasa Ghrita etc.
• Asava n Arishta
• Ashwagandharishta
• Draksharishta
• The activities over the years have shown that Ayurveda can certainly contribute
to the effective management of various psychiatric disorders.
REFERENCES
Caraka Samhitha
Sushrutha Samhitha
Astanga Hrudaya
Astanga Sangraha
Maadhava Nidana
Ayurvedeeya Padaartha Darshana
Psychopathology in Indian Medicine –Satyapal Gupta
Ayurvedic Management of Unmada – CCRAS