TANZANIA AUSTRALIA ALUMNI ASSOCIATION IN PARTNESHIP WITH TANZANIA

FEDERATION FOR DISABLED ORGANIZATIONS

PREVENTION OF COVID-19 THROUGH HEALTH EDUCATION AND PERSONAL

HYGIENE PRACTICE TO PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN DAR ES SALAAM REGION,
TANZANIA

PREPARED BY:-
TANZANIA AUSTRALIA ALUMNI ASSOCIATION

20 APRIL 2020
 LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

1. TAAA Tanzania Australia Alumni Association

2. SHIVYAWATA Tanzania Federation for Disabled Organisations

3. PWDs People with Disabilities

4. COVID-19 Corona Virus Disease of 2019

5. SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

6. CoV 2 Corona Virus 2

7. DART Dar es Salaam Rapid Transport

8. PPEs Personal Protection Equipment

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS...............................................................................i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..................................................................................................................iv

1.0 INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................1

1.1 Background information...........................................................................................................1

2.0 PROJECT GOAL AND OBJECTIVES.......................................................................................2

2.1 Project goal...............................................................................................................................2

2.1.1 Specific objectives.............................................................................................................2

3.0 METHODOLOGIES.....................................................................................................................2

4.0 ABOUT THE APPLICANTS........................................................................................................2

5.0 PROJECT ACTIVITIES, SIGNIFANCE OF INTEVENTION AND IMPLMENETATION
STRATEGY.........................................................................................................................................3

5.1 Project activities........................................................................................................................3

5.2 Project significance..................................................................................................................3

5.3 Implementation strategy..........................................................................................................3

6.0 STAFFING.....................................................................................................................................3

7.0 PROJECT TARGET GROUP AND BENEFICIARIES.............................................................4

7.1 Project target group..................................................................................................................4

7.2 Project beneficiaries.................................................................................................................4

7.2.1 Primary beneficiary...........................................................................................................4

7.2.2 Secondary beneficiary......................................................................................................4

8.0 PROJECT INTENDED’S RESULTS AND IMPACTS..............................................................4

9.0 TIME FRAME................................................................................................................................4

10.0 PARTNERS AND STAKEHOLDERS......................................................................................4

11.0 RISKS AND ASSUMPTIONS...................................................................................................4

12.0 GENDER AND MINORITY EQUALITY...................................................................................4

13.0 MONITORING, EVALUATION, LEARNING AND REPORTING.........................................5

14.0 WORKPLAN...............................................................................................................................5

15.0 FINANCIAL PROPOSAL...................................................................................................................8

References........................................................................................................................................10

LIST OF TABLES

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Table 1: Showing list of staff, professions and respective institutions...................................................4

Table 2: Table showing indicators, targets and time frame...................................................................5

Table 3: Detailed action plan for the project.........................................................................................6

Table 4: Detailed budget.......................................................................................................................9

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
PWDs particularly those living in developing countries encounter various challenges, lack of
access to important areas for public use such as schools and vocation training facilities has
denied them education and ultimately failure to acquire skills necessary for their descent
living. Thus, majority of PWDs living in poverty and those who at individual efforts acquired
skills need to work daily to support their families.

In light to the above, most of PWDs have had despaired and opted for begging as strategy
for their survival. Begging has further exposed to a number of challenges, which include
sexual harassments, prolonged exposure to the raw weather, beatings, unwanted
pregnancies and fear of capture for sacrifices for those with albinism. These have led to
contracting HIV/AIDS to some of PWDs especially ladies with disabilities.

Following eruption of COVID-19 pandemic which is transmitted through various means

including contamination of hands and then virus may gain access through eyes and mouth
and thus infecting human being. Since, majority do not have improved gears (particularly
those with physical disabilities) require support for their mobility which is through touching
immediate obstacle and hence increase chances of being contaminated, moreover, many of
them only earn a little sufficient for hands to mouth and thus may hardly allocate funds for
disinfectants and PPEs.

It must also be noted that, most of PWDs particularly those with physical disabilities are
naturally inactive and thus have greater chances of developing chronic diseases, lower their
immunities and thus increase chances of being infected with COVID-19.

In light to the above, TAAA and NIMR in partnership with SHIVYAWATA has prepared this
proposal seeking funds necessary for protection of five hundred PWDs in Dar es Salaam
region. The project aims at providing materials for raising their awareness on the pandemic
and necessary measures for prevention, furthermore, the intervention shall provide hand
sanitizers, PPEs such as surgical masks and hand washing facilities in areas where PWDs
either work or live.

In view of the above, TAAA and NIMR in partnership with SHIVYAWATA will be grateful in
case your good office shall consider the intervention and grant us financial and/or material
support for successful implementation of the project.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background information
People with Disabilities (PWDs) around the globe, especially those living in developing
countries, encounter a number of challenges. Lack of access to public infrastructure and
buildings such as schools, hospitals, airports, railway and bus stations impede PWDs
mobility and admission to many such important areas mostly in developing countries (Wylie,
McAllister et al. 2013).

In Tanzania, almost all schools lack facilities for equal access for PWDs at all levels of
education (Aldersey and Turnbull 2011). A majority of PWDs fails to attend schools, even
though education act emphasizes that everyone has the right to receive education (Possi
2018). Furthermore, vocational training institutions which are skills training facilities, are also
inaccessible (Aldersey and Turnbull 2011).

In light to the above, most PWDs are challenged to attain basic education and acquisition of
important skills necessary for employment and consequently earning their descent living. In
this regard, they live in conditions of poverty, have despaired and opted begging as an
alternative strategy for their survival (Namwata and Mgabo 2014).

Namwata and Mgabo (2014) explains consequences resulted from begging as exposure of
PWDs to sexual assaults particularly for ladies with disabilities, fear to be captured for
sacrifice especially for beggars with albinism, beatings, road accidents, exposure to harsh
climate, abusive languages from public, harassments from municipal authorities’ officers and
vulnerability to various diseases including the current COVID-19 pandemic.

The new disease erupted in December 2019 whose origin is recorded to be Wuhan, China.
The disease is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2)
(Hoffmann, Kleine-Weber et al. 2020, Lai, Shih et al. 2020). The disease is transmitted when
hands get contaminated through touching contaminated objects such as metal locks, door
handles, plastics and even hand shakeshandshakes with infected persons (Hoffmann,
Kleine-Weber et al. 2020). Then virus may gain access to the humanthe human body
through the eyes, nose and mouthand mouth and consequently the person becomes
infected. Moreover, the disease can also be transmitted through large droplets brought by
sneezing or coughing from symptomatic patients but also from asymptomatic people before
onset of symptoms (Lai, Shih et al. 2020).

Since, Tanzania lacks infrastructure for PWDs and thus they experience challenges in their
mobility, most of them utilize public transport where they are also subjected to contacts with
a number of people, where some may also be infected. With the exception of DART fleets,
there are no allocated special spaces for them, a situation that further exposes them to risk.
Moreover, unlike others, PWDs especially those with physical disabilities touch various
places seeking for their support as most of them do not have improved gears.

Despite of the fact that, awareness raising with regard to COVID-19 is being raised, PWDs
with hearing and visual impairment face challenges in accessing information on COVID-19,
mode of transmission and preventive measures.

Because a majority of PWDs live in poverty, thus, they need to move to their daily activities
seeking for their bread, it is no doubt that they are exposed whilst many of them are
incapable of acquiring protective gears such as surgical masks or N95 (sold at Tshs
3000/=) daily. Moreover, they do not have hand sanitizers while some of them, their houses
do not have access to water supply.

Since, some PWDs especially those with physical disabilities, are naturally inactive, thus, are
likely to develop chronic conditions such as diabetes compromise their immunities thus

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become susceptible to COVID-19 (COVID, COVID et al. 2020). Some sanitizers and other
disinfectants may also be irritants especially to those with albinism and thus limit their
application, further exposing them to the risk.

In view of the above, an intervention is necessary to reduce chances of transmission of the

disease to the minority group of PWDs who are vulnerable to the pandemic. An intervention
aims to prevent them through awareness raising, promote hygienic practices such as
washing of hands, installation of hand washing facilities along the areas they work, provision
of sanitizers and PPEs such as surgicalas surgical masks or N95. In order to accomplish
the aforementioned strategies, various objectives were devised which have led to the
development of methodologies through which the project shall be implemented.

2.0 PROJECT GOAL AND OBJECTIVES

2.1 Project goal
Prevention of most vulnerable marginalized group members at risk particularly PWDs from
COVID-19 pandemic through awareness raising to induce improved sanitation practices,
supply of necessary facilities such as sanitizers, masks and installation of hand washing
facilities at their working places.

2.1.1 Specific objectives

From the above stated goal, various objectives have been outlined,

i. To install hand washing facilities in their areas where PWDs work,

ii. To supply hand sanitizers and masks sufficient to protect them from probable
contaminations,

iii. To raise awareness among PWDs especially those who have hearing and visual
impairments and thus aren’t capable of grasping daily updates on COVID-19 in
Tanzania and other countries,

(COMMENT: THIS IS PART OF AWARENESS RAISING)

3.0 METHODOLOGY
Various methodologies will be employed to attain the stated goal and objectives, (COMMent:
THIS IS NOT METHODOLOGY !!!)

i. Prepare, print and supply tailor made awareness raising materials to PWDs in their
working premises and homes,

ii. Supply of hand washing facilities to areas where PWDs work in Dar es Salaam
region,

iii. Supply hand sanitizers and PPEs such as either surgical or N95 masks among
PWDs in working areas in Dar es Salaam region,

4.0 ABOUT THE APPLICANT

Tanzania Australia Alumni Association (TAAA) registered by Ministry of Home Affairs. The
association deals with a number of projects linked to People with Disabilities, currently the
institution is engaged in Provision of technical support to Mama Africa Skilled Women with
Disabilities, the project has built capacities of Skilled Women with Disabilities and enabled

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them to improve shoe making. TAAA has diverse of professionals with different backgrounds
at different levels of education, the association is rich in human resources and can thus
implement the project.

5.0 PROJECT ACTIVITIES, SIGNIFANCE OF INTEVENTION AND IMPLMENETATION

STRATEGY
5.1 Project activities
The proposed project has four main activities with sub activities, these are survey of areas
for installation hand washing facilities for PWDs, distribution of tailor made awareness
raising materials to PWDs at their working areas, procure, purchase and supply of hand
washing facilities, masks and sanitizers for PWDs.

A. Survey of location for placement of hand washing facilities

Survey will be conducted at twenty different areas where PWDs work and find appropriate
accessible places where hand washing facilities will be placed. The points will be easily
accessible to PWDs and close to the working facilities.

B. Printing and supply of tailor made awareness raising materials

Tailor made awareness material brochure will be prepared taking into consideration of
probable risks PWDs experiences towards contacting COVID-19 pandemic. Despite of the
material shall induce hygiene practices, some of the materials will be made braille.

C. Procure, purchase, supply and installation of hand washing facilities

Selection of hand washing facilities will be made, considering ability of PWDs to reach and
utilize the facility. These facilities will be installed based on the conducted survey, they will
certainly be at a reasonable distances and within reach to PWDs. This shall encourage
machines usage.

D. Procure, purchase and supply of protecting devices

Protecting devices masks and hand sanitizers will be purchased and supplied to PWDs, the
project intends to supply the materials for a period of at least sixty days. Instructions on how
to use and duration of usage of masks will also be available on the tailor made awareness
raising materials.

5.2 Project significance

Since a majority of PWDs live in extreme poverty and thus have to go out daily to earn their
daily living consequently they are highly exposed to great risks. The proposed project shall
reduce risks of transmission to 500 PWDs who are at great risks following lack of
infrastructure and dependency on their mobility. In case an intervention will not be made the
status quo persist leaving PWDs greatly exposed to COVID-19 pandemic.

5.3 Implementation strategy

TAAA has a personnel with diverse backgrounds some of them are people with disabilities.
The project will be implemented using TAAA staff, moreover, the implementation strategy
shall involve some staff from partner institutions namely, SHIVYAWATA,

TAAA in collaboration with SHIVYAWATA shall carry an inventory and undertake the
aforementioned activities as the scheduled below. SHIVYAWATA has all information
regarding PWDs in Dar es Salaam and whole country at large.

6.0 STAFFING
As mentioned earlier, that TAAA has vast of human resources, some of them will be utilized
during project implementation. In this particular project one medical doctor and

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environmental and water distribution engineer will be implementing the project. Moreover,
the project shall as well utilize one personnel form SHIVYAWATA.

List of staff can be seen on table 1, below

Table 1: Showing list of staff, professions and respective institutions

S/N Name Profession Institution Position

1. Dr. Charles Makassy Medical Doctor TAAA President

2. Ms Ummy Nderiananga Political scientist SHIVYAWATA Chairperson

3. Eng. Boniphace Kyaruzi Environmental and TAAA Secretary

water distribution
engineer

7.0 PROJECT TARGET GROUP AND BENEFICIARIES

7.1 Project target group
The project targets People with Disabilities, because their marginalization, requirements of
the support whilst in mobility and lack of infrastructure for their support, they tend to be
highly exposure to COVID-19. PWDs are major target group in this very project.

7.2 Project beneficiaries

7.2.1 Primary beneficiary
Various stakeholders will benefit from implementation of the project; however, primary
beneficiaries are People with disabilities who are at great risk of being contaminated by the
virus. .

7.2.2 Secondary beneficiary

PWDs families such as their children and relatives will be benefitted indirectly and directly,
since, their parents will continue to be productive and provide for their families amid of
COVID-19 while playing safe.

8.0 PROJECT INTENDED’S RESULTS AND IMPACTS

Implementation of the proposed project shall result to reduced risks of transmission of
COVID-19 to 500 PWDs. Furthermore, this will as well reduce chances of transmission to
their family members and hence assist in prevention of the pandemic.

9.0 TIME FRAME

The project time frame is estimated to be in three months (12 weeks) considering other
challenges expected from partners and stakeholders.

10.0 PARTNERS AND STAKEHOLDERS

This project has a number of stakeholders, since it is implemented in Dar es Salaam. The
municipality is a primary stakeholder and SHIVYAWATA. Furthermore, Ministry of Labour,
Employment, Youth and People with Disabilities and Ministry of Health, Community
Development, Gender, Elderly and Children are also stakeholders of the proposed project
and shall be involved in implementation.

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11.0 RISKS AND ASSUMPTIONS
The project implementation encounters minimal risks based on the fact that its
implementation needs a simple technology which is available in Tanzania, moreover, other
devices and disinfectants which are intended to be purchased are readily available in
Tanzania and may be easily supplied. Since, the pandemic is fast spreading it is advised
that all of the project implementers ought to use preventive devices and apply disinfectants
such as recommended sanitizers to reduce further risks of transmission.

12.0 GENDER AND MINORITY EQUALITY

The proposed project deals with PWDs which are among marginalized group members, they
are minority and may count to less than 11% of total Tanzanian population, and however,
they are at great risks. The proposed project also covers Women with Disabilities and hence
thus address the issue of gender.

(ADD: major risk includes little acceptance of the proposed ways of minimising transmission
due to increased frequency of washing hands) -------- that is why you have proposed
raising awareness!!!!!

13.0 MONITORING, EVALUATION, LEARNING AND REPORTING

Monitoring shall be done daily while project is under implementation, thus every bit of the
project implementation shall be recorded and documented. Evaluation will be done after
every two weeks while implementing the project and thus implementers shall learn from the
project. Reporting will be done weekly for the whole period of project implementation and
information communicated to the stakeholders and donors.

13.1 Monitoring
Various indicators are devised in order to monitor project implementation, the indicators are
compiled on the table below,

Table 2: Table showing indicators, targets and time frame

S/N Indicator Target Method of data Time frame for
collection achievement

1. Number of areas for 20 Observation Six days

placement of hand
washing facilities in
different locations

2. Number of tailor made 500 Observation and 14 days

awareness raising counting
materials prepared and
distributed among PWDs
in Dar es Salaam region

3. Number of PWDs 500 Observation, counting 14 days

received and utilized and consultation with
hand sanitizers project beneficiaries

4. Number of PWDs 500 Observation, counting 14 days

received and utilized and consultation with
surgical or N95 masks project beneficiaries

5. Number of operational 10 Observation and 14 days

hand washing facilities counting

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 distributed in areas
where PWDs work or
live

6. Number of PWDs who 500 Hospital data and 60 days

are not infected with consultation with
COVID-19 in areas of project beneficiaries
project implementation

14.0 WORKPLAN
The work plan is summarized on table 2 below

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 Table 3: Detailed action plan for the project

DURATION IN WEEKS
ACTIVITIES FOR PROJECT PROPOSAL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1. Survey of location for placement of hand

washing facilities

 Visiting all ten areas where PWDs work

 Determining appropriate areas for

placement of hand washing facilities

2. Printing and supply of tailor made awareness

raising materials

- Preparation of tailor made awareness raising

material

- Review of awareness raising materials

- Printing of the awareness raising material

- Supply of tailor made awareness raising

material

3. Procure, purchase, supply and installation of

hand washing facilities

- Survey for the appropriate hand washing

facilities for PWDs

- Procure and supply of the hand washing

facilities for PWDs

- Installation of hand washing facilities for

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 PWDs

4. Procure, purchase and supply of protecting

devices

- Procure and supply for sanitizers to be

utilized off working premises

- Procure and supply for masks

5. Utilization of COVID-19 preventive facilities,

devices and sanitizers
6. Monitoring , evaluation and learning

- Monitoring

- Evaluation

- Learning

7. Report writing

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15.0 FINANCIAL PROPOSAL
15.1 Budget
The project total budget sums up to TShs 10,734,399.68 equivalent to USD 4293.76, please
find the detailed budget on table 3 below.

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Table 4: Detailed budget

Unit price Unit Price Total price Total Price

Line # Line Items Unit Quantity
(TZS) (USD) (TZS) (USD)
1 Survey of location for placement of hand washing facilities
a half perdiem allowances, for Survey, 3 Persons x 6
1.1
days x 60,000/= Person-day 3 60,000.00 24.00 180,000.00 72.00
1.2 Fuel diesel 200 2,500.00 1.00 500,000.00 200.00
1.3 Communication for whole project Person 1 100,000.00 40.00 100,000.00 40.00
Sub Total 1 162,500.00 65.00 780,000.00 312.00
2 Purchase and supply of machines - -
2.1 Hand- washing facilities Piece 10 400,000.00 160.00 4,000,000.00 1,600.00
2.2 hand sanitizres 10L per @ facility (5L container x2) Piece 6 125,000.00 50.00 750,000.00 300.00
2.3 Liquid soap 10L per @ facility (5L container x2) Piece 6 9,000.00 3.60 54,000.00 21.60
Sanitizer jelly @100mls =3000 x 500 PWDs Piece 500 3,000.00 1.20 1,500,000.00 600.00
2.4 Masks @ box = 50,000 Tzs; contains 50pcs x 20boxes boxes 20 50,000.00 20.00 1,000,000.00 400.00
Hand washing facilities maintanance 10% of the macines cost - 730,399.68 292.16
Sub Total 2 587,000.00 234.80 8,034,399.68 3,213.76
3 . Printing and supply of tailor made awareness raising materials - -
3.1 Person-day 10 60,000.00 24.00 600,000.00 240.00
Preparation of tailor made awareness raising material (Team)
3.2 Review of awareness raising materials Person-day 10 60,000.00 24.00 600,000.00 240.00
Sub total 3 120,000.00 48.00 1,200,000.00 480.00
monitoring and evaluation (three consultants) person-day 3 240,000.00 96.00 720,000.00 288.00
Sub total 4 240,000.00 96.00 720,000.00 288.00
TOTAL 10,734,399.68 4,293.76

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References
Aldersey, H. M. and H. R. Turnbull (2011). "The United Republic of Tanzania’s national policy on
disability: A policy analysis." Journal of Disability Policy Studies 22(3): 160-169.

COVID, C., et al. (2020). "Preliminary Estimates of the Prevalence of Selected Underlying Health
Conditions Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019—United States, February 12–March 28,
2020." Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 69(13): 382.

Hoffmann, M., et al. (2020). "SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by
a clinically proven protease inhibitor." Cell.

Lai, C.-C., et al. (2020). "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona
virus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges." International journal of
antimicrobial agents: 105924.

Namwata, B. M. and M. R. Mgabo (2014). "Consequences of begging and future aspirations of

beggars to stop begging life in central Tanzania." International Research Journal of Human Resources
and Social Sciences 1(4): 176-187.

Possi, M. K. (2018). "Gender and education of people with disabilities in Tanzania." Utafiti Journal
3(2).

Wylie, K., et al. (2013). "Changing practice: Implications of the World Report on Disability for
responding to communication disability in under-served populations." International journal of
speech-language pathology 15(1): 1-13.

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