COLLECTED WORKS

OF POE, VOLUME II

WEBSTER'S KOREAN THESAURUS

EDITION
for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

Edgar Allan Poe

TOEFL, TOEIC, AP and Advanced Placement are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has
neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.
 Collected Works of
Poe, Volume II
Webster's Korean
Thesaurus Edition
for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test
Preparation

Edgar Allan Poe

TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which
has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.
ii

ICON CLASSICS

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Collected Works of Poe, Volume II: Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®,
TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005

Printed in the United States of America.

Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc.

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ISBN 0-497-91353-4
 iii

Contents
PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR .......................................................................................... 1
THE PURLOINED LETTER................................................................................................. 2
THE THOUSAND-AND-SECOND TALE OF SCHEHERAZADE ........................................... 22
A DESCENT INTO THE MAELSTRÖM .............................................................................. 37
VON KEMPELEN AND HIS DISCOVERY ......................................................................... 54
MESMERIC REVELATION ............................................................................................... 62
THE FACTS IN THE CASE OF M. VALDEMAR................................................................. 74
THE BLACK CAT ............................................................................................................. 84
THE FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER............................................................................ 94
SILENCE -- A FABLE..................................................................................................... 114
THE MASQUE OF THE RED DEATH.............................................................................. 119
THE CASK OF AMONTILLADO ...................................................................................... 126
THE IMP OF THE PERVERSE........................................................................................ 134
THE ISLAND OF THE FAY ............................................................................................. 141
THE ASSIGNATION ....................................................................................................... 147
THE PIT AND THE PENDULUM ..................................................................................... 160
THE PREMATURE BURIAL............................................................................................ 176
THE DOMAIN OF ARNHEIM .......................................................................................... 191
LANDOR’S COTTAGE .................................................................................................... 207
WILLIAM WILSON ......................................................................................................... 220
THE TELL-TALE HEART................................................................................................ 241
BERENICE.................................................................................................................... 247
ELEONORA................................................................................................................... 256
GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................... 263
 Edgar Allan Poe 1

PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR

Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in
English courses. By using a running English-to-Korean thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this
edition of Collected Works of Poe, Volume II by Edgar Allan Poe was edited for three audiences.
The first includes Korean-speaking students enrolled in an English Language Program (ELP), an
English as a Foreign Language (EFL) program, an English as a Second Language Program (ESL),
or in a TOEFL® or TOEIC® preparation program. The second audience includes English-speaking
students enrolled in bilingual education programs or Korean speakers enrolled in English speaking
schools. The third audience consists of students who are actively building their vocabularies in
Korean in order to take foreign service, translation certification, Advanced Placement® (AP®)1 or
similar examinations. By using the Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition when assigned for an
English course, the reader can enrich their vocabulary in anticipation of an examination in Korean
or English.

Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of
difficult and potentially ambiguous English words. Rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are
given lower priority compared to “difficult, yet commonly used” words. Rather than supply a single
translation, many words are translated for a variety of meanings in Korean, allowing readers to
better grasp the ambiguity of English, and avoid them using the notes as a pure translation crutch.
Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary
retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If
a difficult word is not translated on a page, chances are that it has been translated on a previous
page. A more complete glossary of translations is supplied at the end of the book; translations are
extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary.

Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-online-

dictionary.org. Please send suggestions to websters@icongroupbooks.com

The Editor
Webster’s Online Dictionary
www.websters-online-dictionary.org

1 TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service

which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.
2 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

THE PURLOINED LETTER

Nil sapientiae odiosius acumine nimio.%

--Seneca

At Paris, just after dark one gusty evening in the autumn of 18—, I was
enjoying the twofold luxury of meditation and a meerschaum, in company with
my friend C. Auguste Dupin, in his little back library, or book-closet, au
troisiême, No. 33, Rue Dunôt, Faubourg St. Germain. For one hour at least we
had maintained a profound silence; while each, to any casual observer, might
have seemed intently and exclusively occupied with the curling eddies of smoke
that oppressed the atmosphere of the chamber. For myself, however, I was
mentally discussing certain topics which had formed matter for conversation
between us at an earlier period of the evening; I mean the affair of the Rue
Morgue, and the mystery attending the murder of Marie Rogêt. I looked upon it,
therefore, as something of a coincidence, when the door of our apartment was
thrown open and admitted our old acquaintance, Monsieur G--, the Prefect of
the Parisian police.
We gave him a hearty welcome; for there was nearly half as much of the
entertaining as of the contemptible about the man, and we had not seen him for
several years. We had been sitting in the dark, and Dupin now arose for the

acquaintance: 지식, 알고 있음, 면식,
아는 사람, 잘아는 사람, 익히 알고
있음, 안면, 숙지, 아는 사인.
arose: 과거.
contemptible: 비열한, 경멸할 만한,
멸시할, 한심한, 타기할, 치사한,
천시할 만한, 경멸할만한, 경멸한
만한.
curling: 컬링, 말리기 쉬운, 말림,
위축, 머리 지지는데 쓰이는, 말려
올라감, 말아 지지기.
Korean
entertaining: 재미있는, 유쾌한. 여념이 없이, 오로지, 지심의,
gusty: 사납게 불어대는 바람의, 기세 집중되어 있는.
좋은, 용기있는, 휘몰아치는, 용감한, luxury: 사치, 사치품, 쾌락, 호화, 비싼
맛있는, 기운찬, 돌풍의, 돌풍이 자주 물건, 유쾌함.
부는, 터질 것 같이 활기 있는, 바람이 meditation: 묵상, 명상록, 심사숙고,
거센. 심사 숙고, 명상.
hearty: 친절한, 튼튼한, meerschaum: 해포석, 해포석 파이프,
마음으로부터의, 배부른, 풍부한, 해포석제의 파이프.
열심인, 원기왕성한 사람, 충분한, twofold: 이중으로, 이배의, 둘로
친구, 마음속으로부터의, 활기찬. 접히는 무대 배경, 두요소의,
intently: 골똘하게, 여념이 없는, 두부분의, 두배로.
 Edgar Allan Poe 3

purpose of lighting a lamp, but sat down again, without doing so, upon G.’s
saying that he had called to consult us, or rather to ask the opinion of my friend,
about some official business which had occasioned a great deal of trouble.%
“If it is any point requiring reflection,” observed Dupin, as he forebore to
enkindle the wick, “we shall examine it to better purpose in the dark.”
“That is another of your odd notions,” said the Prefect, who had a fashion of
calling every thing “odd” that was beyond his comprehension, and thus lived
amid an absolute legion of “oddities.”
“Very true,” said Dupin, as he supplied his visiter with a pipe, and rolled
towards him a comfortable chair.
“And what is the difficulty now?” I asked. “Nothing more in the
assassination way, I hope?”
“Oh no; nothing of that nature. The fact is, the business is very simple indeed,
and I make no doubt that we can manage it sufficiently well ourselves; but then
I thought Dupin would like to hear the details of it, because it is so excessively
odd.”
“Simple and odd,” said Dupin.
“Why, yes; and not exactly that, either. The fact is, we have all been a good
deal puzzled because the affair is so simple, and yet baffles us altogether.”
“Perhaps it is the very simplicity of the thing which puts you at fault,” said
my friend.
“What nonsense you do talk!” replied the Prefect, laughing heartily.
“Perhaps the mystery is a little too plain,” said Dupin.
“Oh, good heavens! who ever heard of such an idea?”
“A little too self-evident.”
“Ha! ha! ha -- ha! ha! ha! -- ho! ho! ho!” roared our visiter, profoundly
amused, “oh, Dupin, you will be the death of me yet!”
“And what, after all, is the matter on hand?” I asked.

Korean
amid: 의 한 복판에, 의 한가운데에, excessively: 과도하게, 지나치게, 아강, 동식물 분류의 아강.
이 한창일 때, 한창 한는 중에, 부절제하게. profoundly: 깊이, 매우, 심원하게,
복판에, 의 한복판에, 한창 때에. heartily: 마음으로부터, 열의를 갖고, 몹시.
amused: 즐기는, 명랑한, 즐거워 하는, 정중히, 매우, 배불리, 마음으로, puzzled: 하면 좋은가에 대해 어찌할
즐거워하는. 기운차게. 바를 몰라, 어쩔 줄을 모르는,
assassination: 암살. ho: 호, 허허, 저런, 어이, 흥. 좋은가에 대해 어찌할 바를 몰라.
comprehension: 이해, 포함, 함축, lamp: 램프, 광명, 등불, 애써 쓴 rolled: 압연한.
이해력, 포용력, 포용주의, 내포. 형적이 뚜렷하다, 전등, 지식 따위의 simplicity: 간소, 순진, 단순, 소박,
enkindle: 타오르게 하다, 감정을 광명, 눈, 마음 따위의 광명, 비추다, 평이, 무지, 간단, 우직.
타오르게하다, 불, 일으키다, 빛나다. sufficiently: 충분히.
불러일으키다. legion: 군단, 군대, 다수의, 다수, wick: 심지, 등심지.
4 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

“Why, I will tell you,” replied the Prefect, as he gave a long, steady and
contemplative puff, and settled himself in his chair. “I will tell you in a few
words; but, before I begin, let me caution you that this is an affair demanding the
greatest secrecy, and that I should most probably lose the position I now hold,
were it known that I confided it to any one.”
“Proceed,” said I.%
“Or not,” said Dupin.
“Well, then; I have received personal information, from a very high quarter,
that a certain document of the last importance, has been purloined from the royal
apartments. The individual who purloined it is known; this beyond a doubt; he
was seen to take it. It is known, also, that it still remains in his possession.”
“How is this known?” asked Dupin.
“It is clearly inferred,” replied the Prefect, “from the nature of the document,
and from the non-appearance of certain results which would at once arise from
its passing out of the robber’s possession; that is to say, from his employing it as
he must design in the end to employ it.”
“Be a little more explicit,” I said.
“Well, I may venture so far as to say that the paper gives its holder a certain
power in a certain quarter where such power is immensely valuable.” The
Prefect was fond of the cant of diplomacy.
“Still I do not quite understand,” said Dupin.
“No? Well; the disclosure of the document to a third person, who shall be
nameless, would bring in question the honor of a personage of most exalted
station; and this fact gives the holder of the document an ascendancy over the
illustrious personage whose honor and peace are so jeopardized.”
“But this ascendancy,” I interposed, “would depend upon the robber’s
knowledge of the loser’s knowledge of the robber. Who would dare --”
“The thief,” said G., “is the Minister D--, who dares all things, those
unbecoming as well as those becoming a man. The method of the theft was not

ascendancy: 우세, 욱일승천의 세력,
우월, 패권, 주도권, 지배권.
cant: 기울이다, 경사, 은어, 변말,
경사면, 뒤집다, 모서리를 자른,
방향을 바꾸다, 서로 통하는 말, 캔트,
점잔빼는 말투를 쓰다.
contemplative: 정관적인, 눈여겨 봄,
묵상적인, 숙고, 묵상에 잠기는 사람,
묵상에 잠겨있는, 망상, 관조적인.
diplomacy: 외교 수완, 외교, 외교술.
disclosure: 폭로, 노출, 발포.
Korean
exalted: 고귀한, 지위가 높은, 고상한, 도단의, 알 수 없는, 세상에 알려지지
숭고한, 기뻐 날뛰는, 고양된, 않은.
의기양양한. non-appearance: 불참.
honor: 명예, 명성, 존경하다, 체면, personage: 인물, 저명 인사, 사람,
자존심, 훈장, 서훈, 고관, 인수하고 명사, 소설의 등장 인물, 등장 인물,
지불하다, 정절, 작위. 극의 등장 인물, 역사상의 인물.
illustrious: 유명한, 저명한, 현저한, robber: 강도, 도둑, 약탈자.
찬란한, 빛나는, 혁혁한. secrecy: 비밀, 기밀 엄수.
nameless: 무명의, 명명되지 않은, unbecoming: 어울리지 않는, 맞지
익명의, 서출의, 이름 없는, 형언할수 않는, 보기 흉한, 버릇없는, 온당치
없는, 이름없는, 언어도단의, 언어 못한.
 Edgar Allan Poe 5

less%ingenious than bold. The document in question -- a letter, to be frank -- had

been received by the personage robbed while alone in the royal boudoir. During
its perusal she was suddenly interrupted by the entrance of the other exalted
personage from whom especially it was her wish to conceal it. After a hurried
and vain endeavor to thrust it in a drawer, she was forced to place it, open as it
was, upon a table. The address, however, was uppermost, and, the contents thus
unexposed, the letter escaped notice. At this juncture enters the Minister D--. His
lynx eye immediately perceives the paper, recognises the handwriting of the
address, observes the confusion of the personage addressed, and fathoms her
secret. After some business transactions, hurried through in his ordinary manner,
he produces a letter somewhat similar to the one in question, opens it, pretends
to read it, and then places it in close juxtaposition to the other. Again he
converses, for some fifteen minutes, upon the public affairs. At length, in taking
leave, he takes also from the table the letter to which he had no claim. Its rightful
owner saw, but, of course, dared not call attention to the act, in the presence of
the third personage who stood at her elbow. The minister decamped; leaving his
own letter -- one of no importance -- upon the table.”
“Here, then,” said Dupin to me, “you have precisely what you demand to
make the ascendancy complete -- the robber’s knowledge of the loser’s
knowledge of the robber.”
“Yes,” replied the Prefect; “and the power thus attained has, for some months
past, been wielded, for political purposes, to a very dangerous extent. The
personage robbed is more thoroughly convinced, every day, of the necessity of
reclaiming her letter. But this, of course, cannot be done openly. In fine, driven to
despair, she has committed the matter to me.”
“Than whom,” said Dupin, amid a perfect whirlwind of smoke, “no more
sagacious agent could, I suppose, be desired, or even imagined.”
“You flatter me,” replied the Prefect; “but it is possible that some such
opinion may have been entertained.”

Korean
boudoir: 부인의침실, 여성의 내실. hurried: 매우 급한, 재촉하는. 기민한, 슬기롭다, 영리한.
conceal: 숨기다, 감추다, 비밀로 하다, juncture: 이음매, 연결, 경우, 위기, uppermost: 최상의, 최초로, 가장 눈에
내색하지 않다. 접합, 접속, 연접, 전기. 띄는, 맨먼저 마음에 떠오르는,
endeavor: 노력하다, 하려고 노력하다, juxtaposition: 병렬, 나란히 놓기, 최고위에, 최상에, 최고의, 맨 먼저
노력, 시도하다. 나란히 세우기, 나란히 하기. 마음에 떠오르는, 맨 앞에, 맨 위에,
flatter: 아첨하다, 알랑거리다, 기쁘게 lynx: 살쾡이, 스라소니, 살쾡이 맨 먼저.
하다, 실물보다 좋게 그리다, 별자리. vain: 헛된, 쓸데 없는, 공허한,
우쭐케하다, 우쭐해지다, 즐겁게 perusal: 숙독, 통독. 자부심이 강한, 헛되게, 경솔하게,
하다, 실물 이상으로 좋게 나타내다, rightful: 올바른, 당연한, 적법의, 가치없는, 자만심이 강한, 속절없는.
우쭐하게 하다. 정당한, 정의에 입각한, 합법의. whirlwind: 선풍, 회오리 바람,
handwriting: 필적, 육필, 필사본. sagacious: 현명한, 슬기로운, 명민한, 급격한, 소용돌이침.
6 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

“It is clear,” said I, “as you observe, that the letter is still in possession of the
minister; since it is this possession, and not any employment of the letter, which
bestows the power. With the employment the power departs.”%
“True,” said G.; “and upon this conviction I proceeded. My first care was to
make thorough search of the minister’s hotel; and here my chief embarrassment
lay in the necessity of searching without his knowledge. Beyond all things, I have
been warned of the danger which would result from giving him reason to
suspect our design.”
“But,” said I, “you are quite au fait in these investigations. The Parisian police
have done this thing often before.”
“O yes; and for this reason I did not despair. The habits of the minister gave
me, too, a great advantage. He is frequently absent from home all night. His
servants are by no means numerous. They sleep at a distance from their master’s
apartment, and, being chiefly Neapolitans, are readily made drunk. I have keys,
as you know, with which I can open any chamber or cabinet in Paris. For three
months a night has not passed, during the greater part of which I have not been
engaged, personally, in ransacking the D-- Hotel. My honor is interested, and, to
mention a great secret, the reward is enormous. So I did not abandon the search
until I had become fully satisfied that the thief is a more astute man than myself.
I fancy that I have investigated every nook and corner of the premises in which it
is possible that the paper can be concealed.”
“But is it not possible,” I suggested, “that although the letter may be in
possession of the minister, as it unquestionably is, he may have concealed it
elsewhere than upon his own premises?”
“This is barely possible,” said Dupin. “The present peculiar condition of
affairs at court, and especially of those intrigues in which D-- is known to be
involved, would render the instant availability of the document -- its
susceptibility of being produced at a moment’s notice -- a point of nearly equal
importance with its possession.”
“Its susceptibility of being produced?” said I.

Korean
abandon: 에 빠지다, 버려두다, despair: 절망, 절망의 근원, 절망하다,
버리다, 내맡기다, 단념하다, 떠나다, 자포자기.
유기하다에 젖다, 포기하다, 자유 drunk: 주정뱅이, 술취한, 취한,
분방, 방종, 그만두다. 술주정뱅이, 술좌석, 도취된.
apartment: 아파트, 한 세대의 방, 방, habits: 버릇, 습관.
큰 호화 아파트, 한 세대가 살림하는 instant: 순간, 절박한, 즉시, 즉각의,
및 개의 방, 크고 훌륭한 방. 긴급한, 즉석의, 즉각, 즉석식의,
astute: 기민한, 날카로운, 교활한, 인스턴트식품, 인스턴트커피, 이달의.
빈틈없는, 눈치 빠른. nook: 피난처, 구석, 외딴곳,
chiefly: 주로, 대개, 거의, 우선. 구석구석진 곳, 숨는 곳, 은신처.
concealed: 숨기는. render: 번역하다, 연출하다, 나타내다,
돌려주다, 제출하다, 보답하다,
표현하다, 하다, 이 되게하다, 내다,
교부하다.
satisfied: 만족한, 흡족한.
susceptibility: 감정, 감수성, 느끼기
쉬운 상태, 자화율, 느끼기 쉬운 성질.
thief: 도둑.
thorough: 순전한, 철저한, 완전한,
충분한, 철저한 정책, 철저한 행동.
unquestionably: 분명히, 의심이 없는,
의심할 나위 없이, 확실히.
 Edgar Allan Poe 7

“That is to say, of being destroyed,” said Dupin.%

“True,” I observed; “the paper is clearly then upon the premises. As for its
being upon the person of the minister, we may consider that as out of the
question.”
“Entirely,” said the Prefect. “He has been twice waylaid, as if by footpads,
and his person rigorously searched under my own inspection.”
“You might have spared yourself this trouble,” said Dupin. “D--, I presume,
is not altogether a fool, and, if not, must have anticipated these waylayings, as a
matter of course.”
“Not altogether a fool,” said G., “but then he’s a poet, which I take to be only
one remove from a fool.”
“True,” said Dupin, after a long and thoughtful whiff from his meerschaum,
“although I have been guilty of certain doggrel myself.”
“Suppose you detail,” said I, “the particulars of your search.”
“Why the fact is, we took our time, and we searched every where. I have had
long experience in these affairs. I took the entire building, room by room;
devoting the nights of a whole week to each. We examined, first, the furniture of
each apartment. We opened every possible drawer; and I presume you know
that, to a properly trained police agent, such a thing as a secret drawer is
impossible. Any man is a dolt who permits a ‘secret’ drawer to escape him in a
search of this kind. The thing is so plain. There is a certain amount of bulk -- of
space -- to be accounted for in every cabinet. Then we have accurate rules. The
fiftieth part of a line could not escape us. After the cabinets we took the chairs.
The cushions we probed with the fine long needles you have seen me employ.
From the tables we removed the tops.”
“Why so?”
“Sometimes the top of a table, or other similarly arranged piece of furniture,
is removed by the person wishing to conceal an article; then the leg is excavated,
the article deposited within the cavity, and the top replaced. The bottoms and
tops of bedposts are employed in the same way.”

Korean
cabinets: 캐비닛. 사용하다, 직업을 주다. rigorously: 엄격하게, 혹독하게,
cavity: 공동, 어웅하게 뚫림, 체강, fiftieth: 쉰분의 1, 쉰번째의, 쉰분의 엄하게.
움푹한 곳, 구멍, 강, 충치, 굴. 하나의, 오십 번째의 사람, 제오십, thoughtful: 생각에 잠긴, 주의 깊은,
dolt: 바보, 얼간이, 얼뜨기. 오십 번째의 것. 인정있는, 사려 깊은, 생각이 깊은,
drawer: 제도사, 서랍, 발행인, 어음 nights: 밤마다, 밤에. 인정 있는.
발행인, 끌어당김을 하는 사람, particulars: 상세. tops: 최상의.
끌어당김을 하는 제도사, 끌어당김을 poet: 시인, 시인 기질의 사람, 가인. waylaid: 매복하다, 요격하다.
하는 것, 장롱. presume: 추정하다, 기화로 삼다, whiff: 훅 불다, 담배 피우다, 담배의
employ: 고용하다, 쓰다, 고용, 사용, 이라고 생각하다, 대담히도..하다, 한 모금, 한번 붊, 확 풍기는 냄새,
에 종사하다, 소비하다, 소비하다- 주제넘게 나서다, 대담히도, 하다, 헛치다, 작은 엽궐련, 빨다,
고용, 실직하다, 에 고용되어, 가정하다. 주낙질하다, 헛치기, 한번 불기.
8 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

“But could not the cavity be detected by sounding?” I asked.%

“By no means, if, when the article is deposited, a sufficient wadding of cotton
be placed around it. Besides, in our case, we were obliged to proceed without
noise.”
“But you could not have removed -- you could not have taken to pieces all
articles of furniture in which it would have been possible to make a deposit in
the manner you mention. A letter may be compressed into a thin spiral roll, not
differing much in shape or bulk from a large knitting-needle, and in this form it
might be inserted into the rung of a chair, for example. You did not take to
pieces all the chairs?”
“Certainly not; but we did better -- we examined the rungs of every chair in
the hotel, and, indeed the jointings of every description of furniture, by the aid of
a most powerful microscope. Had there been any traces of recent disturbance we
should not have failed to detect it instantly. A single grain of gimlet-dust, for
example, would have been as obvious as an apple. Any disorder in the glueing --
any unusual gaping in the joints -- would have sufficed to insure detection.”
“I presume you looked to the mirrors, between the boards and the plates, and
you probed the beds and the bed-clothes, as well as the curtains and carpets.”
“That of course; and when we had absolutely completed every particle of the
furniture in this way, then we examined the house itself. We divided its entire
surface into compartments, which we numbered, so that none might be missed;
then we scrutinized each individual square inch throughout the premises,
including the two houses immediately adjoining, with the microscope, as
before.”
“The two houses adjoining!” I exclaimed; “you must have had a great deal of
trouble.”
“We had; but the reward offered is prodigious!”
“You include the grounds about the houses?”
“All the grounds are paved with brick. They gave us comparatively little
trouble. We examined the moss between the bricks, and found it undisturbed.”

adjoining: 인접하는, 부근의, 인접한,
이웃의.
compressed: 간결한, 압축된, 측면의,
편평한.
detect: 발견하다, 검파하다.
disturbance: 방해물, 불안, 소동, 소란,
교란시키는 것, 방해, 침해.
inserted: 부착된, 끼워넣은, 착생한.
insure: 보증하다, 보험에 들다,
확실하게 하다, 보험에 가입하다,
지키다, 의 보험을 맡다, 을 방지할
Korean
수단을 강구하다, 안전하게하다, rung: 가로장, 가로대, 살, 단, 단계,
보험을 걸다, 보증이되다, 보험 사닥다리의 가로장, 바퀴의 살.
증서를 발행하다. spiral: 나선형의, 나선, 연속적 변동,
microscope: 현미경의, 극히 미세한, 나선 비행, 나선형으로 하다,
현미경, 현미경 별자리. 소용돌이선, 나선형으로 상승하다,
moss: 이끼, 늪, 이끼로덮다, 이탄지, 나선형을 그리다, 나선형으로
남자 이름. 강하하다, 나선상 진행 과정,
particle: 불변화사, 미분자, 미량, 나선비행.
질점, 접두사, 조각, 작은 조각, 입자, wadding: 메우는 물건, 충전물재료,
분자. 채우는 것, 장악 마개, 속솜, 장약
paved: 포장된. 마개.
 Edgar Allan Poe 9

“You looked among D--’s papers, of course, and into the books of the
library?”%
“Certainly; we opened every package and parcel; we not only opened every
book, but we turned over every leaf in each volume, not contenting ourselves
with a mere shake, according to the fashion of some of our police officers. We
also measured the thickness of every book-cover, with the most accurate
admeasurement, and applied to each the most jealous scrutiny of the
microscope. Had any of the bindings been recently meddled with, it would have
been utterly impossible that the fact should have escaped observation. Some five
or six volumes, just from the hands of the binder, we carefully probed,
longitudinally, with the needles.”
“You explored the floors beneath the carpets?”
“Beyond doubt. We removed every carpet, and examined the boards with the
microscope.”
“And the paper on the walls?”
“Yes.”
“You looked into the cellars?”
“We did.”
“Then,” I said, “you have been making a miscalculation, and the letter is not
upon the premises, as you suppose.”
“I fear you are right there,” said the Prefect. “And now, Dupin, what would
you advise me to do?”
“To make a thorough re-search of the premises.”
“That is absolutely needless,” replied G--. “I am not more sure that I breathe
than I am that the letter is not at the Hotel.”
“I have no better advice to give you,” said Dupin. “You have, of course, an
accurate description of the letter?”
“Oh yes!” -- And here the Prefect, producing a memorandum-book
proceeded to read aloud a minute account of the internal, and especially of the

Korean
according: 그러므로, 따라서, 살아있다, 숨쉬다, 무성음으로 그릇된 계산, 잘못 생각함.
나름으로, 에 따라, 에 의하여. 발음하다. parcel: 꾸러미, 한 떼, 소포, 한 뭉치,
admeasurement: 배분, 측정, 계량, escaped: 도망한, 탈주한. 분배하다, 소포로 하다, 소화물, 한
할당. jealous: 불신앙을 용서치 않는, 구획, 나누다, 일부분, 한 획의 토지.
aloud: 큰 소리로, 똑똑히, 소리 내어. 샘내는, 질투많은, 경계심이 강한, re-search: 재탐색하다, 다시찾다.
binder: 묶는사람, 끈, 제본, 묶는것, 다른 신을 섬기는 것을 허락지 않는, scrutiny: 유심히 보는 일, 음미, 정밀
동이는 사람, 땜질 약, 묶는 것, 묶는 지키는데 급급한, 질투심 많은. 검사, 정밀한 조사, 투표 재검사, 투표
사람, 가계약, 벽돌, 접합재. leaf: 잎, 잎이 나오다, 꽃잎, 박, 검사, 정밀한 검사.
breathe: 호흡하다, 속삭이다, 풍기다, 페이지를 넘기다, 얇은 판자, 한장, thickness: 두께, 농후, 두꺼움, 농도,
휴식 시키다, 휴식하다, 털어놓다, 풀잎, 흔히 꽃잎, 한 장, 책의 한 장. 굵음, 두꺼운 부분, 빈번, 치밀, 혼탁,
쉬다, 선들거리다-불어넣다, miscalculation: 오산, 계산 착오, 머리가 둔함, 굵기.
10 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

external appearance of the missing document. Soon after finishing the perusal of
this description, he took his departure, more entirely depressed in spirits than I
had ever known the good gentleman before. In about a month afterwards he
paid us another visit, and found us occupied very nearly as before. He took a
pipe and a chair and entered into some ordinary conversation. At length I said, -
“Well, but G--, what of the purloined letter? I presume you have at last made
up your mind that there is no such thing as overreaching the Minister?”
“Confound him, say I -- yes; I made the re-examination, however, as Dupin
suggested -- but it was all labor lost, as I knew it would be.”
“How much was the reward offered, did you say?” asked Dupin.%
“Why, a very great deal -- a very liberal reward -- I don’t like to say how
much, precisely; but one thing I will say, that I wouldn’t mind giving my
individual check for fifty thousand francs to any one who could obtain me that
letter. The fact is, it is becoming of more and more importance every day; and the
reward has been lately doubled. If it were trebled, however, I could do no more
than I have done.”
“Why, yes,” said Dupin, drawlingly, between the whiffs of his meerschaum,
“I really -- think, G--, you have not exerted yourself -- to the utmost in this
matter. You might -- do a little more, I think, eh?”
“How? -- in what way?’
“Why -- puff, puff -- you might -- puff, puff -- employ counsel in the matter,
eh? -- puff, puff, puff. Do you remember the story they tell of Abernethy?”
“No; hang Abernethy!”
“To be sure! hang him and welcome. But, once upon a time, a certain rich
miser conceived the design of spunging upon this Abernethy for a medical
opinion. Getting up, for this purpose, an ordinary conversation in a private
company, he insinuated his case to the physician, as that of an imaginary
individual.
“ ‘We will suppose,’ said the miser, ‘that his symptoms are such and such;
now, doctor, what would you have directed him to take?’
Korean
counsel: 상담, 협의, 계획, 충고, 마무리 손질. physician: 의사, 내과 의사.
조언하다, 변호사, 결심, 법률고문, imaginary: 상상의, 가공의어떤 puff: 훅 불기, 피우다, 헐떡이다, 한번
사려, 조언, 평의. 사물이 상상으로서만 존재하는, 붊, 과대 광고, 부풂, 숱, 불다,
depressed: 움푹 들어간, 저하된, 비현실적이어서 신용할수 없는, 허수, 슈크림, 훅훅 불다, 칙칙하면서
볼황의, 불황의, 내리 줄린, 궁핍한, 상상상의, 허수의. 움직이다.
내리 줄인, 내려앉은, 표준 이하의, labor: 노동, 수고, 애써 만들다, reward: 보답하다, 보수, 보수를 주다,
의기 소침한. 일하다, 노력, 근로, 진통, 진통으로 벌, 현상금, 사례금, 보상하다, 보상,
directed: 규제된, 유도된, 지시받은. 괴로워하다, 몹시 흔들리다, 진통으로 이익, 보복하다, 응보.
drawlingly: 느릿느릿하게. 괴로와하다, 일. utmost: 최대의, 가장먼, 극한, 최대
finishing: 최후의, 끝손질의, lately: 요즈음, 최근. 한도, 최고의 것, 가장 떨어진,
마무리의, 끝손질의 최후의 손질, miser: 수전노, 구두쇠, 인색한 놈. 최대한도, 최대한의, 최상의 것.
 Edgar Allan Poe 11

“% ‘Take!’ said Abernethy, ‘why, take advice, to be sure.” ‘

“But,” said the Prefect, a little discomposed, “I am perfectly willing to take
advice, and to pay for it. I would really give fifty thousand francs to any one who
would aid me in the matter.”
“In that case,” replied Dupin, opening a drawer, and producing a check-
book, “you may as well fill me up a check for the amount mentioned. When you
have signed it, I will hand you the letter.”
I was astounded. The Prefect appeared absolutely thunder-stricken. For some
minutes he remained speechless and motionless, looking incredulously at my
friend with open mouth, and eyes that seemed starting from their sockets; then,
apparently recovering himself in some measure, he seized a pen, and after
several pauses and vacant stares, finally filled up and signed a check for fifty
thousand francs, and handed it across the table to Dupin. The latter examined it
carefully and deposited it in his pocket-book; then, unlocking an escritoire, took
thence a letter and gave it to the Prefect. This functionary grasped it in a perfect
agony of joy, opened it with a trembling hand, cast a rapid glance at its contents,
and then, scrambling and struggling to the door, rushed at length
unceremoniously from the room and from the house, without having uttered a
syllable since Dupin had requested him to fill up the check.
When he had gone, my friend entered into some explanations.
“The Parisian police,” he said, “are exceedingly able in their way. They are
persevering, ingenious, cunning, and thoroughly versed in the knowledge
which their duties seem chiefly to demand. Thus, when G-- detailed to us his
made of searching the premises at the Hotel D--, I felt entire confidence in his
having made a satisfactory investigation -- so far as his labors extended.”
“So far as his labors extended?” said I.
“Yes,” said Dupin. “The measures adopted were not only the best of their
kind, but carried out to absolute perfection. Had the letter been deposited within
the range of their search, these fellows would, beyond a question, have found it.”
I merely laughed -- but he seemed quite serious in all that he said.

astounded: 몹시 놀라.
cunning: 교묘한, 교활한, 귀여운,
노련한, 멋있는, 숙련, 솜씨, 현명한,
재간있는, 약삭빠른, 빈틈없음.
discomposed: 마음이 산란해진,
침착을 잃은.
escritoire: 책상, 접는 책상.
exceedingly: 대단히, 엄청나게, 매우,
굉장히.
functionary: 기능의, 직원, 관리.
ingenious: 교묘한, 독창적인, 영리한,
Korean
재간 있는, 정교한, 창의력이 있는, 말 못하는, 말문이 막힌, 말하지 않는,
재주가 있는, 있는. 이루 형언할 수 없는.
motionless: 움직이 않는, 퍄, syllable: 음절, 한마디, 철자, 일언,
뭄짓으로 신호하다, 움직이지 않는, 음절로 나누다.
정지한, 정지한-뭄짓으로 thence: 그때부터, 그러므로,
신호하다링, 팅삥, 동기가 없는. 거기서부터, 그런고로, 그곳에서부터.
perfection: 완전, 극치, 완성, 완전한 trembling: 전율하는, 떨림, 떨리는,
사람, 우수한 점. 전율, 떨기, 전율 떠는.
persevering: 참을성 있는, 참을서 unceremoniously: 버릇없이,
있는. 경솔하게, 마음을 터 놓고, 예의 없이.
speechless: 말을 못하는, 잠자코 있는, versed: 숙달한, 에 환한, 정통한.
12 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

“The%measures, then,” he continued, “ were good in their kind, and well

executed; their defect lay in their being inapplicable to the case, and to the man.
A certain set of highly ingenious resources are, with the Prefect, a sort of
Procrustean bed, to which he forcibly adapts his designs. But he perpetually errs
by being too deep or too shallow, for the matter in hand; and many a schoolboy
is a better reasoner than he. I knew one about eight years of age, whose success at
guessing in the game of ‘even and odd’ attracted universal admiration. This
game is simple, and is played with marbles. One player holds in his hand a
number of these toys, and demands of another whether that number is even or
odd. If the guess is right, the guesser wins one; if wrong, he loses one. The boy to
whom I allude won all the marbles of the school. Of course he had some
principle of guessing; and this lay in mere observation and admeasurement of
the astuteness of his opponents. For example, an arrant simpleton is his
opponent, and, holding up his closed hand, asks, ‘are they even or odd?’ Our
schoolboy replies, ‘odd,’ and loses; but upon the second trial he wins, for he then
says to himself, ‘the simpleton had them even upon the first trial, and his amount
of cunning is just sufficient to make him have them odd upon the second; I will
therefore guess odd;’ -- he guesses odd, and wins. Now, with a simpleton a
degree above the first, he would have reasoned thus: ‘This fellow finds that in
the first instance I guessed odd, and, in the second, he will propose to himself,
upon the first impulse, a simple variation from even to odd, as did the first
simpleton; but then a second thought will suggest that this is too simple a
variation, and finally he will decide upon putting it even as before. I will
therefore guess even;’ -- he guesses even, and wins. Now this mode of reasoning
in the schoolboy, whom his fellows termed ‘lucky,’ -- what, in its last analysis, is
it?”
“It is merely,” I said, “an identification of the reasoner’s intellect with that of
his opponent.”
“It is,” said Dupin; “and, upon inquiring, of the boy by what means he
effected the thorough identification in which his success consisted, I received
answer as follows: ‘When I wish to find out how wise, or how stupid, or how

allude: 넌지시 비추다, 에 관해
말하다, 논급하다, 언급하다,
암시하다.
arrant: 전적인, 악명녹은, 극악한,
대단한.
astuteness: 기민함, 빈틈없음.
defect: 결점, 결함, 부족, 결손.
forcibly: 강제적으로, 힘차게, 억지로,
힘으로, 강력하게.
impulse: 충격, 충동, 자극, 추진, 변덕,
충격량, 역적, 고무, 일시적
Korean
감정순간력, 욕구. perpetually: 영구히, 영속적으로,
inapplicable: 응용할 수 없는, 끊임없이, 그칠사이 없이, 일년 내내,
부적당한, 들어 맞지 않는, 적용할 수 시종.
없는. reasoned: 사리에 맞는, 상세한 이유를
inquiring: 알고 싶어 하는, 묻고 싶은 붙인, 도리에 입각한, 숙고한 끝의.
듯한, 묻는, 미심쩍은, 미심쩍은 듯한, reasoning: 추리, 추론, 이성이 있는,
알고 싶어하는, 호기심에찬, 캐묻기 논법, 추리의, 증명, 추리력, 논증,
좋아하는, 탐구적인. 논거, 이론.
intellect: 지력, 지식인, 지성, 식자, schoolboy: 남학생, 학생 다운, 학생의.
예지, 이지, 지식인들. simpleton: 바보, 얼간이.
marbles: 대리석의 조각물, 구슬. won: 원, 한국의 화폐 단위, 원의.
 Edgar Allan Poe 13

good, or how wicked is any one, or what are his thoughts at the moment, I
fashion the expression of my face, as accurately as possible, in accordance with
the expression of his, and then wait to see what thoughts or sentiments arise in
my mind or heart, as if to match or correspond with the expression.’ This
response of the schoolboy lies at the bottom of all the spurious profundity which
has been attributed to Rochefoucault, to La Bougive, to Machiavelli, and to
Campanella.”%
“And the identification,” I said, “of the reasoner’s intellect with that of his
opponent, depends, if I understand you aright, upon the accuracy with which
the opponent’s intellect is admeasured.”
“For its practical value it depends upon this,” replied Dupin; “and the Prefect
and his cohort fail so frequently, first, by default of this identification, and,
secondly, by ill-admeasurement, or rather through non-admeasurement, of the
intellect with which they are engaged. They consider only their own ideas of
ingenuity; and, in searching for anything hidden, advert only to the modes in
which they would have hidden it. They are right in this much -- that their own
ingenuity is a faithful representative of that of the mass; but when the cunning of
the individual felon is diverse in character from their own, the felon foils them,
of course. This always happens when it is above their own, and very usually
when it is below. They have no variation of principle in their investigations; at
best, when urged by some unusual emergency -- by some extraordinary reward -
- they extend or exaggerate their old modes of practice, without touching their
principles. What, for example, in this case of D--, has been done to vary the
principle of action? What is all this boring, and probing, and sounding, and
scrutinizing with the microscope and dividing the surface of the building into
registered square inches -- what is it all but an exaggeration of the application of
the one principle or set of principles of search, which are based upon the one set
of notions regarding human ingenuity, to which the Prefect, in the long routine
of his duty, has been accustomed? Do you not see he has taken it for granted that
all men proceed to conceal a letter, -- not exactly in a gimlet hole bored in a chair-
leg -- but, at least, in someout-of-the-way hole or corner suggested by the same

Korean
accordance: 일치, 조화, 일치하여, 과장해서 말하다, 과대시하다,
조화하여. 병적으로 확장시키다.
accustomed: 익숙한, 평소의, 여느 exaggeration: 과장, 과장적 표헌.
때와 다름없는, 길든, 습관의, 에 felon: 표저, 흉악한, 잔인한, 중죄인,
익숙한. 중죄 범인.
advert: 주의를 돌리다, 언급하다, gimlet: 나사송곳, 김렛, 에 목공
광고, 언급 하다. 드릴로 구멍을 뚫다.
aright: 바르게, 정확히. ingenuity: 발명의 재간, 정교, 교묘함,
cohort: 보병대, 군대, 일대, 일단. 재주, 발명의재주, 독창력, 교묘,
dividing: 나누는, 구분적인. 고안력, 발명의 재질.
exaggerate: 과장하다, 허풍떨다, probing: 프로빙.
profundity: 깊음, 심연, 심오, 깊이,
깊은속, 오묘.
sounding: 수심, 과장된, 측연선으로
잴 수 있는곳, 거창하게 들리는,
소리를 내는, 울려 퍼지는, 측심,
조사, 측연이 미치는 측정 범위, 수심
측량, 소리나는.
spurious: 가짜의, 사생아의, 그럴싸한,
비논리적인, 의사의.
touching: 감동시키는, 애처로운, 에
관하여, 에 관해서, 감동적인.
14 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

tenor%of thought which would urge a man to secrete a letter in a gimlet-hole

bored in a chair-leg? And do you not see also, that such recherchés nooks for
concealment are adapted only for ordinary occasions, and would be adopted
only by ordinary intellects; for, in all cases of concealment, a disposal of the
article concealed -- a disposal of it in this recherché manner, -- is, in the very first
instance, presumable and presumed; and thus its discovery depends, not at all
upon the acumen, but altogether upon the mere care, patience, and
determination of the seekers; and where the case is of importance -- or, what
amounts to the same thing in the policial eyes, when the reward is of magnitude,
-- the qualities in question have never been known to fail. You will now
understand what I meant in suggesting that, had the purloined letter been
hidden any where within the limits of the Prefect’s examination -- in other
words, had the principle of its concealment been comprehended within the
principles of the Prefect -- its discovery would have been a matter altogether
beyond question. This functionary, however, has been thoroughly mystified; and
the remote source of his defeat lies in the supposition that the Minister is a fool,
because he has acquired renown as a poet. All fools are poets; this the Prefect
feels; and he is merely guilty of a non distributio medii in thence inferring that
all poets are fools.”
“But is this really the poet?” I asked. “There are two brothers, I know; and
both have attained reputation in letters. The Minister I believe has written
learnedly on the Differential Calculus. He is a mathematician, and no poet.”
“You are mistaken; I know him well; he is both. As poet and mathematician,
he would reason well; as mere mathematician, he could not have reasoned at all,
and thus would have been at the mercy of the Prefect.”
“You surprise me,” I said, “by these opinions, which have been contradicted
by the voice of the world. You do not mean to set at naught the well-digested
idea of centuries. The mathematical reason has long been regarded as the reason
par excellence.”
“ ‘Il y a à parièr,” ‘ replied Dupin, quoting from Chamfort, “ ‘que toute idée
publique, toute convention reçue est une sottise, car elle a convenue au plus

acumen: 혜안, 명민, 예리함.
adapted: 알맞은, 개조된, 개작된,
적당한.
bored: 지루한, 따분한.
concealment: 은폐, 은닉, 잠복, 숨김,
숨는 장소, 은신처.
est: 심신 통일 훈련.
hidden: 숨겨진, 숨은.
intellects: 지력.
magnitude: 크기, 광도, 진도, 중요도,
항성의 광도, 중대.
Korean
mathematical: 수학의, 수리적인, 아주
정확한, 수학상의, 매우 정확한.
mathematician: 수학자.
mercy: 자비, 행운, 고마움, 연민.
mistaken: 잘못된, 판단이 잘못된.
naught: 무, 제로, 무가치한, 영, 나쁜,
무용의, 망한, 무가치, 붕괴한,
사악한, 아무것도 아님.
non: 이 아니다.
par: 동등, 표준 타수, 동수준, 법정
평가, 액면 가격, 평가, 환평가, 기준
타수, 평균의, 기준타수, 기준타수
골프의 타수.
patience: 인내, 끈기, 혼자 노는 카드
놀이, 혼자 하는 카드 놀이, 혼자서
놀기, 트럼프 따위 혼자서 놀기.
presumable: 가정할 수 있는, 그럴
듯한, 추정할 수 있는.
renown: 명성, 고명, 영명.
secrete: 비밀로 하다, 분비하다,
숨기다.
supposition: 상상, 가정.
 Edgar Allan Poe 15

grand nombre.’ The mathematicians, I grant you, have done their best to
promulgate the popular error to which you allude, and which is none the less an
error for its promulgation as truth. With an art worthy a better cause, for
example, they have insinuated the term ‘analysis’ into application to algebra.
The French are the originators of this particular deception; but if a term is of any
importance -- if words derive any value from applicability -- then ‘analysis’
conveys ‘algebra’ about as much as, in Latin, ‘ambitus’ implies ‘ambition,’
‘religio’ ‘religion,’ or ‘homines honesti,’ a set of honorablemen.”%
“You have a quarrel on hand, I see,” said I, “with some of the algebraists of
Paris; but proceed.”
“I dispute the availability, and thus the value, of that reason which is
cultivated in any especial form other than the abstractly logical. I dispute, in
particular, the reason educed by mathematical study. The mathematics are the
science of form and quantity; mathematical reasoning is merely logic applied to
observation upon form and quantity. The great error lies in supposing that even
the truths of what is called pure algebra, are abstract or general truths. And this
error is so egregious that I am confounded at the universality with which it has
been received. Mathematical axioms are notaxioms of general truth. What is true
of relation -- of form and quantity -- is often grossly false in regard to morals, for
example. In this latter science it is very usually untrue that the aggregated parts
are equal to the whole. In chemistry also the axiom fails. In the consideration of
motive it fails; for two motives, each of a given value, have not, necessarily, a
value when united, equal to the sum of their values apart. There are numerous
other mathematical truths which are only truths within the limits of relation. But
the mathematician argues, from his finite truths, through habit, as if they were of
an absolutely general applicability -- as the world indeed imagines them to be.
Bryant, in his very learned ‘Mythology,’ mentions an analogous source of error,
when he says that ‘although the Pagan fables are not believed, yet we forget
ourselves continually, and make inferences from them as existing realities.’ With
the algebraists, however, who are Pagans themselves, the ‘Pagan fables’ are
believed, and the inferences are made, not so much through lapse of memory, as

abstractly: 추상적으로.
algebra: 대수학, 대수, 대수 논문,
대수 교과서.
analogous: 유사한, 상사의.
applicability: 적응성, 적절, 적당.
axiom: 공리, 자명한이치, 격언,
자명한 이치.
confounded: 엄청난, 지독한, 당황한,
괘씸한, 경칠놈의, 어처구니없는.
egregious: 지독한, 터무니없는,
엉터리없는, 탁월한, 악명 높은.
Korean
especial: 특별한, 각별한. 공포하다, 법령을 발포하다, 신조
grossly: 크게, 천하게, 뚱뚱하게, 따위를 널리 퍼지게 하다.
거칠게. promulgation: 공표, 공포, 발표, 선포,
lapse: 경과, 추이, 잘못, 실수, 선언, 보급, 발포.
소멸하다, 폐지, 모르는 사이에 supposing: 이라면, 만약.
빠지다, 과실, 물의 고요한 흐름, universality: 보편성, 일반성, 보급,
고요한 흐름, 타락. 다방면성, 박식, 만능, 유포.
mathematics: 수학, 수학의 운용. untrue: 진실이 아닌, 불성실한, 맞지
morals: 도덕, 예의범절. 않는, 성실하지 않은, 올바르지 않은,
promulgate: 공포하다, 널리 펴다, 표준에 맞지 않는, 충실하지 않은,
널리 퍼지게 하다, 발포하다, 법령을 치수에 맞지 않는, 본에 맞지 않는.
16 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

through an unaccountable addling of the brains. In short, I never yet

encountered the mere mathematician who could be trusted out of equal roots, or
one who did not clandestinely hold it as a point of his faith that x2+px was
absolutely and unconditionally equal to q. Say to one of these gentlemen, by
way of experiment, if you please, that you believe occasions may occur where
x2+px is not altogether equal to q, and, having made him understand what you
mean, get out of his reach as speedily as convenient, for, beyond doubt, he will
endeavor to knock you down.%
“I mean to say,” continued Dupin, while I merely laughed at his last
observations, “that if the Minister had been no more than a mathematician, the
Prefect would have been under no necessity of giving me this check. I know him,
however, as both mathematician and poet, and my measures were adapted to his
capacity, with reference to the circumstances by which he was surrounded. I
knew him as a courtier, too, and as a bold intriguant. Such a man, I considered,
could not fail to be aware of the ordinary policial modes of action. He could not
have failed to anticipate -- and events have proved that he did not fail to
anticipate -- the waylayings to which he was subjected. He must have foreseen, I
reflected, the secret investigations of his premises. His frequent absences from
home at night, which were hailed by the Prefect as certain aids to his success, I
regarded only as ruses, to afford opportunity for thorough search to the police,
and thus the sooner to impress them with the conviction to which G--, in fact,
did finally arrive -- the conviction that the letter was not upon the premises. I felt,
also, that the whole train of thought, which I was at some pains in detailing to
you just now, concerning the invariable principle of policial action in searches
for articles concealed -- I felt that this whole train of thought would necessarily
pass through the mind of the Minister. It would imperatively lead him to
despise all the ordinary nooks of concealment. He could not, I reflected, be so
weak as not to see that the most intricate and remote recess of his hotel would be
as open as his commonest closets to the eyes, to the probes, to the gimlets, and to
the microscopes of the Prefect. I saw, in fine, that he would be driven, as a matter
of course, to simplicity, if not deliberately induced to it as a matter of choice. You
will remember, perhaps, how desperately the Prefect laughed when I suggested,

anticipate: 예기하다, 앞지르다,
이르게 하다, 선수 쓰다, 예견하다,
예상하다, 을 기대하다, 을 내다보고
근심하다, 믿고 미리 쓰다, 재촉하다,
앞질러 하다.
brains: 뛰어난 지능을 가진 사람.
clandestinely: 은밀히, 남몰래.
courtier: 알랑쇠, 조신, 아첨꾼, 정신.
despise: 경멸하다.
imperatively: 피할 수 없는, 긴급한,
명령, 명령법, 엄연한, 명령적인.
Korean
impress: 날인, 감동시키다, 흔적, 않는, 상수의, 불변량, 변화없는, 변치
징발하다, 인용하다, 특징, 찍다, 않는 것, 일정한.
징집하다, 누르다, 감명, 감명을 주다. recess: 휴회, 휴게, 휴가, 구석, 와,
induced: 인공적으로 출산시키는, 휴회하다, 은거지, 휴식, 후미진 곳,
인공분만을 하는, 유도하는, 벽장, 감추다.
야기하는, 인공적으로 일으키는, speedily: 즉시의, 재빠른, 조속한,
권유하는, 귀납하는. 민속한, 빨리.
intricate: 복잡한난해한, 얽힌, 복잡한, unaccountable: 설명할 수 없는,
뒤얽힌, 뒤섞인. 까닭을 알 수 없는, 책임이 없는.
intriguant: 술책가. unconditionally: 절대적으로,
invariable: 불변의, 상수, 변화하지 무조건으로.
 Edgar Allan Poe 17

upon%our first interview, that it was just possible this mystery troubled him so
much on account of its being so very self-evident.”
“Yes,” said I, “I remember his merriment well. I really thought he would
have fallen into convulsions.”
“The material world,” continued Dupin, “abounds with very strict analogies
to the immaterial; and thus some color of truth has been given to the rhetorical
dogma, that metaphor, or simile, may be made to strengthen an argument, as
well as to embellish a description. The principle of the vis inertiæ, for example,
seems to be identical in physics and metaphysics. It is not more true in the
former, that a large body is with more difficulty set in motion than a smaller one,
and that its subsequent momentum is commensurate with this difficulty, than it
is, in the latter, that intellects of the vaster capacity, while more forcible, more
constant, and more eventful in their movements than those of inferior grade, are
yet the less readily moved, and more embarrassed and full of hesitation in the
first few steps of their progress. Again: have you ever noticed which of the street
signs, over the shop- doors, are the most attractive of attention?”
“I have never given the matter a thought,” I said.
“There is a game of puzzles,” he resumed, “which is played upon a map. One
party playing requires another to find a given word -- the name of town, river,
state or empire -- any word, in short, upon the motley and perplexed surface of
the chart. A novice in the game generally seeks to embarrass his opponents by
giving them the most minutely lettered names; but the adept selects such words
as stretch, in large characters, from one end of the chart to the other. These, like
the over-largely lettered signs and placards of the street, escape observation by
dint of being excessively obvious; and here the physical oversight is precisely
analogous with the moral inapprehension by which the intellect suffers to pass
unnoticed those considerations which are too obtrusively and too palpably self-
evident. But this is a point, it appears, somewhat above or beneath the
understanding of the Prefect. He never once thought it probable, or possible, that
the Minister had deposited the letter immediately beneath the nose of the whole
world, by way of best preventing any portion of that world from perceiving it.

Korean
color: 색, 안색, 군기, 개성, 착색, 많은. 일분마다의.
채색하다, 입장, 물들다, 윤색하다, forcible: 강력한, 유효한, 강제적인, motley: 잡색의, 어릿광대의
빛깔, 얼굴을 붉히다. 설득력 있는, 억지로 시키는. 울룩덜룩한 옷, 뒤범벅, 잡다한-
dint: 두들겨 움푹 들어간 곳, 두들겨 inapprehension: 몰이해, 불가해. 뒤범벅, 잡다한, 얼룩덜룩한 옷, 옛날
움푹 들어간 곳-두들겨서 자국을 lettered: 학문있는, 교양있는, 학문이 어릿광대의 얼룩덜룩한 옷.
내다, 두들겨서 자국을 내다, 타격, 있는, 교양이 있는, 글자를 넣은, obtrusively: 주제넘게, 중뿔나게,
움푹 들어간 곳, 힘. 문학의 소양이 있는, 읽기를 할 수 강제하듯이, 눈에 거슬리게.
embellish: 장식하다, 아름답게 하다, 있는, 쓰기를 할 수 있는. palpably: 명백하게.
꾸미다. merriment: 웃고 즐기기, 흥겹게 perplexed: 당황한, 난처한, 복잡한,
eventful: 중대한, 사건이 많은, 떠들기, 환락, 유쾌, 명랑한 소동. 어찌할 바를 모르는, 골치 아픈.
다사한, 사건많은, 사건 많은, 파란 minutely: 일분마다, 상세히, simile: 직유.
18 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

“But the more I reflected upon the daring, dashing, and discriminating
ingenuity of D--; upon the fact that the document must always have been at
hand, if he intended to use it to good purpose; and upon the decisive evidence,
obtained by the Prefect, that it was not hidden within the limits of that
dignitary’s ordinary search -- the more satisfied I became that, to conceal this
letter, the Minister had resorted to the comprehensive and sagacious expedient of
not attempting to conceal it at all.%
“Full of these ideas, I prepared myself with a pair of green spectacles, and
called one fine morning, quite by accident, at the Ministerial hotel. I found D-- at
home, yawning, lounging, and dawdling, as usual, and pretending to be in the
last extremity of ennui. He is, perhaps, the most really energetic human being
now alive -- but that is only when nobody sees him.
“To be even with him, I complained of my weak eyes, and lamented the
necessity of the spectacles, under cover of which I cautiously and thoroughly
surveyed the whole apartment, while seemingly intent only upon the
conversation of my host.
“I paid especial attention to a large writing-table near which he sat, and upon
which lay confusedly, some miscellaneous letters and other papers, with one or
two musical instruments and a few books. Here, however, after a long and very
deliberate scrutiny, I saw nothing to excite particular suspicion.
“At length my eyes, in going the circuit of the room, fell upon a trumpery
fillagree card-rack of pasteboard, that hung dangling by a dirty blue ribbon,
from a little brass knob just beneath the middle of the mantel-piece. In this rack,
which had three or four compartments, were five or six visiting cards and a
solitary letter. This last was much soiled and crumpled. It was torn nearly in two,
across the middle -- as if a design, in the first instance, to tear it entirely up as
worthless, had been altered, or stayed, in the second. It had a large black seal,
bearing the D-- cipher very conspicuously, and was addressed, in a diminutive
female hand, to D--, the minister, himself. It was thrust carelessly, and even, as it
seemed, contemptuously, into one of the uppermost divisions of the rack.

Korean
carelessly: 부주의하게, 태평하게, 경멸하여.
무심코, 경솔하게, 속 편하게. diminutive: 지소의, 지소사, 작은,
cipher: 아라비아 숫자, 암호, 영, 소형의.
계산하다, 변변치 않은 사람, 자명, discriminating: 차별적인, 식별있는,
암호로 쓰다, 암호를 쓰다, 열쇠, 구별할 수 있는.
운산하다, 을 계산하다. ennui: 권태.
confusedly: 지리멸렬하게, 어찌할 extremity: 말단, 수족, 선단, 곤경,
바를 몰라, 뒤범벅으로, 당황하여, 비상수단, 끝, 극한, 극단, 극도,
혼란스럽게. 극단책, 앞끝.
conspicuously: 현저하게. lamented: 애도를 받는.
contemptuously: 모욕적으로, lounging: 게으른, 레저 용의, 편하게
입을수 있는, 활기없는.
pasteboard: 판지, 카드, 명함, 입장권,
두꺼운 종이, 종이로 만든.
trumpery: 잠꼬대, 굴퉁이, 한찮은,
허튼소리, 겉만 번드르르한, 시시한,
겉만번드르르한, 겉보기만 좋은 물건,
헛소리.
yawning: 하품하고 있는, 지루한,
지루한 기색이 보이는, 입을 크게
벌린, 피로한 기색이 보이는, 하품을
하고 있는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 19

“No sooner had I glanced at this letter, than I concluded it to be that of which
I was in search. To be sure, it was, to all appearance, radically different from the
one of which the Prefect had read us so minute a description. Here the seal was
large and black, with the D-- cipher; there it was small and red, with the ducal
arms of the S-- family. Here, the address, to the Minister, diminutive and
feminine; there the superscription, to a certain royal personage, was markedly
bold and decided; the size alone formed a point of correspondence. But, then, the
radicalness of these differences, which was excessive; the dirt; the soiled and torn
condition of the paper, so inconsistent with the true methodical habits of D--,
and so suggestive of a design to delude the beholder into an idea of the
worthlessness of the document; these things, together with the hyper-obtrusive
situation of this document, full in the view of every visiter, and thus exactly in
accordance with the conclusions to which I had previously arrived; these things,
I say, were strongly corroborative of suspicion, in one who came with the
intention to suspect.%
“I protracted my visit as long as possible, and, while I maintained a most
animated discussion with the Minister upon a topic which I knew well had never
failed to interest and excite him, I kept my attention really riveted upon the
letter. In this examination, I committed to memory its external appearance and
arrangement in the rack; and also fell, at length, upon a discovery which set at
rest whatever trivial doubt I might have entertained. In scrutinizing the edges of
the paper, I observed them to be more chafed than seemed necessary. They
presented the broken appearance which is manifested when a stiff paper, having
been once folded and pressed with a folder, is refolded in a reversed direction, in
the same creases or edges which had formed the original fold. This discovery
was sufficient. It was clear to me that the letter had been turned, as a glove,
inside out, re-directed, and re-sealed. I bade the Minister good morning, and
took my departure at once, leaving a gold snuff-box upon the table.
“The next morning I called for the snuff-box, when we resumed, quite
eagerly, the conversation of the preceding day. While thus engaged, however, a
loud report, as if of a pistol, was heard immediately beneath the windows of the

animated: 싱싱한, 기운찬, 살아있는,
생기가 있는.
beholder: 보는 사람, 구경꾼.
corroborative: 확증적인, 뒷받침하는,
확인의.
delude: 속이다, 호리다, 매혹시키다,
미혹시키다.
ducal: 공작의.
eagerly: 열심히, 간절히, 열망하여.
excite: 흥분시키다, 자극하다,
자극하여 일으키다, 선동하다, 설레게
Korean
하다, 격려하다, 일으키다, pistol: 권총, 권총으로 쏘다.
분기시키다, 여자하다. protracted: 오래 끈.
folder: 접는 사람, 접지기, 접책, 접이 rack: 고문, 파괴, 그물 선반, 선반,
팜플릿, 종이 끼우개, 폴더, 접는 고문대, 고문하다, 조각구름,
기구, 서류철로 쓰는 접지, 접을 수 착취하다, 침대, 경구보로 뛰어가다,
있는 안경, 접는 광고지. 황폐.
glove: 장갑, 글러브, 에 장갑을 끼다. suggestive: 암시적인, 연상시키는,
markedly: 눈에 띄게, 현저하게. 유혹적인, 암시하는, 암시의,
methodical: 조직적인, 규율바른, 생각나게 하는, 유발시키는 듯한.
감리교파의, 질서있는, 방법의, superscription: 위에 쓰기, 표제, 명,
질서정연한. 수취인 주소성명.
20 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

hotel, and was succeeded by a series of fearful screams, and the shoutings of a
terrified mob. D-- rushed to a casement, threw it open, and looked out. In the
meantime, I stepped to the card-rack took the letter, put it in my pocket, and
replaced it by a fac-simile, (so far as regards externals,) which I had carefully
prepared at my lodgings -- imitating the D-- cipher, very readily, by means of a
seal formed of bread.%
“The disturbance in the street had been occasioned by the frantic behavior of
a man with a musket. He had fired it among a crowd of women and children. It
proved, however, to have been without ball, and the fellow was suffered to go
his way as a lunatic or a drunkard. When he had gone, D-- came from the
window, whither I had followed him immediately upon securing the object in
view. Soon afterwards I bade him farewell. The pretended lunatic was a man in
my own pay.”
“But what purpose had you,” I asked, “in replacing the letter by a fac-simile?
Would it not have been better, at the first visit, to have seized it openly, and
departed?”
“D--,” replied Dupin, “is a desperate man, and a man of nerve. His hotel, too,
is not without attendants devoted to his interests. Had I made the wild attempt
you suggest, I might never have left the Ministerial presence alive. The good
people of Paris might have heard of me no more. But I had an object apart from
these considerations. You know my political prepossessions. In this matter, I act
as a partisan of the lady concerned. For eighteen months the Minister has had
her in his power. She has now him in hers -- since, being unaware that the letter
is not in his possession, he will proceed with his exactions as if it was. Thus will
he inevitably commit himself, at once, to his political destruction. His downfall,
too, will not be more precipitate than awkward. It is all very well to talk about
the facilis descensus Averni; but in all kinds of climbing, as Catalani said of
singing, it is far more easy to get up than to come down. In the present instance I
have no sympathy -- at least no pity -- for him who descends. He is that
monstrum horrendum, an unprincipled man of genius. I confess, however, that I
should like very well to know the precise character of his thoughts, when, being

Korean
behavior: 행실, 행동, 상태, 태도, lunatic: 미친, 정신 이상의, 미친사람,
행동주의, 관습, 가동, 관행. 미치광이.
casement: 여닫이창, 틀, 덮개, 여닫이 mob: 폭도, 오합지졸, 군중, 떼지어
창의 창틀, 여닫이 창, 창문, 싸개. 습격하다, 소매치기의 일당,
downfall: 몰락, 낙하, 멸망, 호우, 소매치기의 한패, 도둑의 일당,
쏟아짐, 함정의 일종. 대중취향, 폭도의, 하충민, 군중의.
drunkard: 술고래. musket: 머스켓 총, 구식 보병총.
frantic: 심히 흥분한, 미친, 광란의, partisan: 도당, 유격병, 가담, 당파심,
심히흥분한, 황급한, 굉장한, 미친 한 도아리, 당파심이 강한.
사람 같은. precipitate: 침전시키다, 거꾸로
lodgings: 셋방. 떨어뜨리다, 촉진하다, 곤두박이치다,
무모한, 응결한 수분, 무턱대고
재촉하다, 침전물, 거꾸로의,
응결시키다, 응결시키다-거꾸로의.
pretended: 거짓의.
regards: 문안 인사, 편지 따위의 문안
인사.
seized: 점유한.
unprincipled: 교리를 배우지 않은,
무절조힌, 줏대 없는.
whither: 어디로, 곳으로, 그 곳으로,
가는 곳.
 Edgar Allan Poe 21

defied by her whom the Prefect terms ‘a certain personage’ he is reduced to

opening the letter which I left for him in the card-rack.”
“How? did you put any thing particular in it?”
“Why -- it did not seem altogether right to leave the interior blank -- that
would have been insulting. D--, at Vienna once, did me an evil turn, which I told
him, quite good-humoredly, that I should remember. So, as I knew he would feel
some curiosity in regard to the identity of the person who had outwitted him, I
thought it a pity not to give him a clue. He is well acquainted with my MS., and
I just copied into the middle of the blank sheet the words --

-- Un dessein si funeste,
S’il n’est digne d’Atrée, est digne de Thyeste.%

They are to be found in Crebillon’s ‘Atrée.’

Korean
acquainted: 사귀게 된, 안면이 있는, 퍼즐의 열쇠, 에게실마리를 주다,
정통한, 친한. 열쇠, 에게 실마리를 주다, 에게
altogether: 전부해서, 아주전혀, 해결의 실마리를 주다.
대체로-전체적 효과, 벌거숭이, curiosity: 호기심, 골동품, 진기함,
요컨대, 전체, 전혀, 다 합하여. 진기한 것, 신기함, 진기한것.
blank: 무표정한, 공허한, 백지의, evil: 해악, 불길한, 나쁜, 악, 악행,
문이나 창이 없는, 멍한-백지, 기입 해로운, 해롭게, 사악하게, 불운한,
용지-비우다, 단조로운, 불행하게, 사악한.
공백으로하다, 흥미 없는, 공백, 공허. insulting: 모욕적인, 무례한, 모욕의.
clue: 실마리, 단서, 에게 정보를 주다, interior: 내부, 내륙의, 내무, 안쪽,
줄거리, 이야기의 줄거리, 도표, 국내의, 내심, 내륙, 내정, 비밀의,
오지, 본성.
pity: 동정, 연민, 애석한 일, 가엾게
여기다, 유감의 원인-가엾게 여기다,
가엾게 생각하다, 불쌍히 생각하다,
불쌍함.
regard: 관계하다, 점, 관계, 주의,
존경, 주시, 배려, 유의하다, 관심,
호의, 주목하다.
si: 시.
whom: 어느 것, 어느 사람, 누구의
목적격.
22 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

THE THOUSAND-AND-SECOND TALE OF

SCHEHERAZADE

Truth is stranger than fiction.%

--Old Saying

Having had occasion, lately, in the course of some Oriental investigations, to

consult the Tellmenow Isitsoornot, a work which (like the Zohar of Simeon
Jochaides) is scarcely known at all, even in Europe; and which has never been
quoted, to my knowledge, by any American -- if we except, perhaps, the author
of the “Curiosities of American Literature”; -- having had occasion, I say, to turn
over some pages of the first -- mentioned very remarkable work, I was not a little
astonished to discover that the literary world has hitherto been strangely in
error respecting the fate of the vizier’s daughter, Scheherazade, as that fate is
depicted in the “Arabian Nights”; and that the denouement there given, if not
altogether inaccurate, as far as it goes, is at least to blame in not having gone
very much farther.
For full information on this interesting topic, I must refer the inquisitive
reader to the “Isitsoornot” itself, but in the meantime, I shall be pardoned for
giving a summary of what I there discovered.

Korean
astonished: 놀란. 운명의 삼여신. scarcely: 겨우, 거의, 이 아니다, 하지
consult: 고려하다, 상의하다, hitherto: 지금까지는, 지금까지. 않는 일은 좀처럼 없다, 간신히.
참고하다, 찾다, 의견을 묻다, inaccurate: 부정확한, 정밀하지 않은, strangely: 이상하게, 기묘하게,
조사하다, 의견을 듣다, 상담하다, 잘못이 있는. 서먹서먹하게, 기묘하게도, 색다르게,
진찰을 받다, 의논하다, 컨설턴트 inquisitive: 캐묻기 좋아하는, 알고자 이상하게도.
직을 맡다. 하는, 물어보고 싶어하는, 호기심이 stranger: 손님, 제삼자, 낯선 사람,
denouement: 대단원, 종결, 해결. 강한, 호기심이 많은, 알고싶어하는. 새로 온 사람, 무 경험자, 모르는
farther: 더먼, 좀더, 그위에, 더욱더, meantime: 이럭저럭하는 동안에, 그 사람, 을 쌀쌀하게대하다, 여보세요,
더멀리, 더욱이, 더 앞선, 더 멀리, 더 동안에, 이야기는 바뀌어, 한편 문외한.
먼, 더 뒤의, 더 나중의. 이야기는 바뀌어. topic: 화제, 제목, 논제, 주제, 저서명,
fate: 운명, 운, 죽음, 숙명, 파멸, respecting: 에 관하여. 이야기거리, 토픽, 대체론.
 Edgar Allan Poe 23

It will be remembered, that, in the usual version of the tales, a certain

monarch having good cause to be jealous of his queen, not only puts her to
death, but makes a vow, by his beard and the prophet, to espouse each night the
most beautiful maiden in his dominions, and the next morning to deliver her up
to the executioner.%
Having fulfilled this vow for many years to the letter, and with a religious
punctuality and method that conferred great credit upon him as a man of devout
feeling and excellent sense, he was interrupted one afternoon (no doubt at his
prayers) by a visit from his grand vizier, to whose daughter, it appears, there
had occurred an idea.
Her name was Scheherazade, and her idea was, that she would either redeem
the land from the depopulating tax upon its beauty, or perish, after the approved
fashion of all heroines, in the attempt.
Accordingly, and although we do not find it to be leap-year (which makes the
sacrifice more meritorious), she deputes her father, the grand vizier, to make an
offer to the king of her hand. This hand the king eagerly accepts -- (he had
intended to take it at all events, and had put off the matter from day to day, only
through fear of the vizier), -- but, in accepting it now, he gives all parties very
distinctly to understand, that, grand vizier or no grand vizier, he has not the
slightest design of giving up one iota of his vow or of his privileges. When,
therefore, the fair Scheherazade insisted upon marrying the king, and did
actually marry him despite her father’s excellent advice not to do any thing of the
kind -- when she would and did marry him, I say, will I, nill I, it was with her
beautiful black eyes as thoroughly open as the nature of the case would allow.
It seems, however, that this politic damsel (who had been reading
Machiavelli, beyond doubt), had a very ingenious little plot in her mind. On the
night of the wedding, she contrived, upon I forget what specious pretence, to
have her sister occupy a couch sufficiently near that of the royal pair to admit of
easy conversation from bed to bed; and, a little before cock-crowing, she took
care to awaken the good monarch, her husband (who bore her none the worse
will because he intended to wring her neck on the morrow), -- she managed to

Korean
awaken: 자각시키다, 깨닫다, 불러 perish: 멸망하다, 썩어 없어지다, redeem: 이행하다, 되사다, 구조하다,
일으키다, 깨우다, 자각하다, 깨다. 지독하게, 죽다, 괴롭히다혹독한, 상환하다, 회복하다, 보상하다,
contrived: 부자연스러운, 인위적인. 말라 죽다, 무너지다, 무너지다-몹시 보충하다, 장점, 되찾다, 구해내다,
damsel: 처녀, 소녀, 계집아이, 미혼 곤란하게 하다, 몹시 곤란하게 하다, 속죄하다.
여성. 의 기능을 잃게 하다, 몹시 괴롭히다. specious: 그럴듯한, 허울좋은, 외양만
espouse: 시집보내다, 지지하다, politic: 정치상의, 교활한, 시기에 좋은.
채용하다, 신봉하다, 처로 삼다. 적합한, 사려 깊은, 적절한, 술수를 vizier: 고관.
iota: 그리스어 알파벳의 아홉째 글자, 쓰는, 술수를 부리는, 사려가 깊은, wring: 짜다, 꽉 쥐다, 비틀다, 짜기,
이오타, 미소. 꾀를 부리는, 꾀를 쓰는. 괴롭히다, 짜내다, 감다, 짬,
monarch: 군주, 제주왕나비. punctuality: 시간 엄수, 꼼꼼함, 왜곡하다, 손을 꽉 쥠, 과즙 짜는
nill: 좋아하지 않다. 기한을 어기지 않음. 기계.
24 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

awaken him, I say, (although on account of a capital conscience and an easy

digestion, he slept well) by the profound interest of a story (about a rat and a
black cat, I think) which she was narrating (all in an undertone, of course) to her
sister. When the day broke, it so happened that this history was not altogether
finished, and that Scheherazade, in the nature of things could not finish it just
then, since it was high time for her to get up and be bowstrung -- a thing very
little more pleasant than hanging, only a trifle more genteel.%
The king’s curiosity, however, prevailing, I am sorry to say, even over his
sound religious principles, induced him for this once to postpone the fulfilment
of his vow until next morning, for the purpose and with the hope of hearing that
night how it fared in the end with the black cat (a black cat, I think it was) and
the rat.
The night having arrived, however, the lady Scheherazade not only put the
finishing stroke to the black cat and the rat (the rat was blue) but before she well
knew what she was about, found herself deep in the intricacies of a narration,
having reference (if I am not altogether mistaken) to a pink horse (with green
wings) that went, in a violent manner, by clockwork, and was wound up with an
indigo key. With this history the king was even more profoundly interested than
with the other -- and, as the day broke before its conclusion (notwithstanding all
the queen’s endeavors to get through with it in time for the bowstringing), there
was again no resource but to postpone that ceremony as before, for twenty-four
hours. The next night there happened a similar accident with a similar result; and
then the next -- and then again the next; so that, in the end, the good monarch,
having been unavoidably deprived of all opportunity to keep his vow during a
period of no less than one thousand and one nights, either forgets it altogether by
the expiration of this time, or gets himself absolved of it in the regular way, or
(what is more probable) breaks it outright, as well as the head of his father
confessor. At all events, Scheherazade, who, being lineally descended from Eve,
fell heir, perhaps, to the whole seven baskets of talk, which the latter lady, we all
know, picked up from under the trees in the garden of Eden-Scheherazade, I say,
finally triumphed, and the tariff upon beauty was repealed.

Korean
clockwork: 태엽장치, 시계 장치, fulfilment: 달성, 이행, 수행, 완료,
시계장치, 시계장치같은, 태엽 장치, 성취, 실행.
태엽 장치와 같은, 태엽 장치의, 시계 indigo: 인도쪽, 남쪽빛, 쪽,
장치와 같은, 시계 장치의. 인디고남색 쪽빛, 남빛.
confessor: 고백자, 고해 신부, 증거자, lineally: 길쭉한, 선형적으로,
고해듣는 신부, 참회자, 독신자, 직선적으로.
에드워드 참회왕. narration: 서술, 화법, 이야기하기,
descended: 유래한, 전해진. 이야기함, 스토리, 이야기.
digestion: 소화, 소화 작용, 소화제. postpone: 연기하다, 을 연기하다.
expiration: 만료, 만기, 날숨, 종결, trifle: 소량, 낭비하다, 트라이플,
죽음, 숨을 내쉼. 실없는 짓을 하다, 가지고 장난하다,
만지작 거리다, 사소한일, 소홀히
하다, 실떡거리다, 약간, 하찮은일.
unavoidably: 어쩔 수 없이, 피할 수
없이.
undertone: 엷은 빛깔, 작음소리,
저음, 저류, 완화된 색, 다른 색으로
완화된 색, 기초음 아래의 배음.
vow: 맹세, 단언하다, 서원, 맹세하다,
서약, 할 것을 맹세하다, 약속하다,
서약하다, 맹세의 내용, 기원, 맹세의
행위.
 Edgar Allan Poe 25

Now, this conclusion (which is that of the story as we have it upon record) is,
no doubt, excessively proper and pleasant -- but alas! like a great many pleasant
things, is more pleasant than true, and I am indebted altogether to the
“Isitsoornot” for the means of correcting the error. “Le mieux,” says a French
proverb, “est l’ennemi du bien,” and, in mentioning that Scheherazade had
inherited the seven baskets of talk, I should have added that she put them out at
compound interest until they amounted to seventy-seven.%
“My dear sister,” said she, on the thousand-and-second night, (I quote the
language of the “Isitsoornot” at this point, verbatim) “my dear sister,” said she,
“now that all this little difficulty about the bowstring has blown over, and that
this odious tax is so happily repealed, I feel that I have been guilty of great
indiscretion in withholding from you and the king (who I am sorry to say,
snores -- a thing no gentleman would do) the full conclusion of Sinbad the sailor.
This person went through numerous other and more interesting adventures than
those which I related; but the truth is, I felt sleepy on the particular night of their
narration, and so was seduced into cutting them short -- a grievous piece of
misconduct, for which I only trust that Allah will forgive me. But even yet it is
not too late to remedy my great neglect -- and as soon as I have given the king a
pinch or two in order to wake him up so far that he may stop making that
horrible noise, I will forthwith entertain you (and him if he pleases) with the
sequel of this very remarkable story.
Hereupon the sister of Scheherazade, as I have it from the “Isitsoornot,”
expressed no very particular intensity of gratification; but the king, having been
sufficiently pinched, at length ceased snoring, and finally said, “hum!” and then
“hoo!” when the queen, understanding these words (which are no doubt Arabic)
to signify that he was all attention, and would do his best not to snore any more
-- the queen, I say, having arranged these matters to her satisfaction, re-entered
thus, at once, into the history of Sinbad the sailor:
‘ “At length, in my old age, [these are the words of Sinbad himself, as retailed
by Scheherazade] -- ‘at length, in my old age, and after enjoying many years of
tranquillity at home, I became once more possessed of a desire of visiting foreign

alas: 아아, 슬픈지고.
bowstring: 교수용 밧줄, 시위.
forthwith: 즉시, 당장, 곧, 곧
실행해야할 명령, 곧장, 즉시로.
gratification: 보수, 기쁨, 만족 시키는
것, 만족, 만족시키기 것, 만족시키는
것.
grievous: 슬픈, 비통한, 괴로운,
쓰라린, 심한, 애처로운, 괴롭게 하는,
한탄할 만한.
hereupon: 여기에 있어서.
Korean
indebted: 부채가 있는, 빚이 있는,
신세를 진, 은혜를 입은.
indiscretion: 무분별, 비밀누설,
지각없음, 무분별한 행위, 근신하지
않는 행위, 경솔한 언동, 무분별의.
misconduct: 간통, 품행 불량, 비행, 의
처리를 잘못하다.
odious: 싫은, 밉살스러운, 증오해야
할, 추악한.
pinched: 여윈, 옹색한, 바싹 죈.
proverb: 속담, 대동사, 평판 있는것,
우화, 인기 있는 것, 어떤 점에서
저명한 것, 어떤 점에서 인기 있는 것,
속담극, 저명한 것.
sequel: 계속, 결과, 후편, 추이.
signify: 의미하다, 중대하다,
예시하다, 나타내다, 중요하다, 의
전조가 되다.
snore: 코를 골다, 코골기, 코골며
보내다.
tranquillity: 평온, 침착, 평안, 평정.
verbatim: 축어적인, 축어적으로.
26 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

countries; and one day, without acquainting any of my family with my design, I
packed up some bundles of such merchandise as was most precious and least
bulky, and, engaged a porter to carry them, went with him down to the sea-
shore, to await the arrival of any chance vessel that might convey me out of the
kingdom into some region which I had not as yet explored.%
‘ “Having deposited the packages upon the sands, we sat down beneath some
trees, and looked out into the ocean in the hope of perceiving a ship, but during
several hours we saw none whatever. At length I fancied that I could hear a
singular buzzing or humming sound; and the porter, after listening awhile,
declared that he also could distinguish it. Presently it grew louder, and then still
louder, so that we could have no doubt that the object which caused it was
approaching us. At length, on the edge of the horizon, we discovered a black
speck, which rapidly increased in size until we made it out to be a vast monster,
swimming with a great part of its body above the surface of the sea. It came
toward us with inconceivable swiftness, throwing up huge waves of foam
around its breast, and illuminating all that part of the sea through which it
passed, with a long line of fire that extended far off into the distance.
‘ “As the thing drew near we saw it very distinctly. Its length was equal to
that of three of the loftiest trees that grow, and it was as wide as the great hall of
audience in your palace, O most sublime and munificent of the Caliphs. Its
body, which was unlike that of ordinary fishes, was as solid as a rock, and of a
jetty blackness throughout all that portion of it which floated above the water,
with the exception of a narrow blood-red streak that completely begirdled it. The
belly, which floated beneath the surface, and of which we could get only a
glimpse now and then as the monster rose and fell with the billows, was entirely
covered with metallic scales, of a color like that of the moon in misty weather.
The back was flat and nearly white, and from it there extended upwards of six
spines, about half the length of the whole body.
‘ “The horrible creature had no mouth that we could perceive, but, as if to
make up for this deficiency, it was provided with at least four score of eyes, that
protruded from their sockets like those of the green dragon-fly, and were

Korean
awhile: 잠시, 잠깐. 초월한, 터무니없는, 믿어지지 않는. 아끼없이 주는.
blackness: 흑점, 검정, 흑색, 검음. jetty: 둑, 방파제, 혹옥 같은, 새까만, speck: 얼룩, 극히 작은 조각, 반점을
buzzing: 윙윙거리는. 잔교, 흑옥같은, 흑옥의. 찍다, 작은 반점, 점을 붙이다, 흠을
humming: 활발한, 콧노래, 번성하는, merchandise: 상품, 을 상품화해서 찍다, 흠을 붙이다, 지방, 잔 알맹이,
씽씽한, 붕붕하는, 거품 이는, 판매를 꾀하다, 을 매매하다, 을 점을 찍다, 작은 얼룩.
붕붕거리는, 소리를 내는. 거래하다. sublime: 고상하게 하다, 장엄한,
illuminating: 조명하는, 비추는, misty: 희미한, 막연한, 안개가 자욱한, 승화시키다, 고상한, 숭고, 장엄,
밝히는, 계몽적인. 안개가 짙은, 안개 짙은, 분명치 않은, 숭고하다, 승화하다, 고상하게 되다,
inconceivable: 상상도 할 수 없는, 안개낀, 눈물 어린, 몽롱한, 모호한, 웅대한, 최고의.
상상 할 수도, 믿을수 없는, 상상할 안개가 덮인. swiftness: 빠름, 신속, 순식간임, 즉시,
수도 없는, 상상할 수 없는, 인지를 munificent: 아낌 없이 주는, 손이 큰, 하기 쉬움.
 Edgar Allan Poe 27

arranged all around the body in two rows, one above the other, and parallel to
the blood-red streak, which seemed to answer the purpose of an eyebrow. Two
or three of these dreadful eyes were much larger than the others, and had the
appearance of solid gold.%
‘ “Although this beast approached us, as I have before said, with the greatest
rapidity, it must have been moved altogether by necromancy- for it had neither
fins like a fish nor web-feet like a duck, nor wings like the seashell which is
blown along in the manner of a vessel; nor yet did it writhe itself forward as do
the eels. Its head and its tail were shaped precisely alike, only, not far from the
latter, were two small holes that served for nostrils, and through which the
monster puffed out its thick breath with prodigious violence, and with a
shrieking, disagreeable noise.
‘ “Our terror at beholding this hideous thing was very great, but it was even
surpassed by our astonishment, when upon getting a nearer look, we perceived
upon the creature’s back a vast number of animals about the size and shape of
men, and altogether much resembling them, except that they wore no garments
(as men do), being supplied (by nature, no doubt) with an ugly uncomfortable
covering, a good deal like cloth, but fitting so tight to the skin, as to render the
poor wretches laughably awkward, and put them apparently to severe pain. On
the very tips of their heads were certain square-looking boxes, which, at first
sight, I thought might have been intended to answer as turbans, but I soon
discovered that they were excessively heavy and solid, and I therefore concluded
they were contrivances designed, by their great weight, to keep the heads of the
animals steady and safe upon their shoulders. Around the necks of the creatures
were fastened black collars, (badges of servitude, no doubt,) such as we keep on
our dogs, only much wider and infinitely stiffer, so that it was quite impossible
for these poor victims to move their heads in any direction without moving the
body at the same time; and thus they were doomed to perpetual contemplation
of their noses -- a view puggish and snubby in a wonderful, if not positively in
an awful degree.

Korean
astonishment: 놀라움, 경악, 놀랄 necromancy: 마술, 점, 마법, 죽ㅇ은 rapidity: 속도, 급속, 민첩, 신속.
만한 물건, 놀랄 만한 일, 놀람. 자와의 교령으로 미래를 점치는 점. seashell: 조개, 조가비.
contemplation: 숙고, 계획, 예상, perpetual: 종신의, 영구한, 끊임없는, servitude: 고역, 노예 상태, 복역,
묵상, 응시, 예기, 망상, 눈여겨봄, 사철 피는, 영구하다, 다년생 식물, 예속, 용역권, 노예임.
정관, 기도. 부단한, 잔소리 따위 부단한, snubby: 사자코의, 냉정히 대하는.
disagreeable: 불쾌한, 까다로운, 영속하는, 다년생의, 싸움 따위 streak: 줄, 광맥, 질주하다, 줄이 지다,
마음에 안 드는, 불유쾌한. 부단한. 성향, 나체로 대중 앞을 달리다,
eyebrow: 눈썹, 눈썹 꼴 쇠시리. prodigious: 거대한, 놀랄 만한, 줄무의, 기미, 줄무늬지다, 경향, 줄을
hideous: 오싹해지는, 끔찍한, 무서운, 놀라운, 막대한. 긋다.
섬뜩한, 보기만 해도 무서운. puffed: 숨이 차서, 부푼, 헐떡이고, writhe: 몸부림, 몸부림치다, 뒤틀다,
laughably: 웃다, 흥겨워하다. 사람이 숨이 차서, 우쭐한, 부풀은. 고민하다, 뒤틀기, 비틀다.
28 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

‘ “When the monster had nearly reached the shore where we stood, it
suddenly pushed out one of its eyes to a great extent, and emitted from it a
terrible flash of fire, accompanied by a dense cloud of smoke, and a noise that I
can compare to nothing but thunder. As the smoke cleared away, we saw one of
the odd man-animals standing near the head of the large beast with a trumpet in
his hand, through which (putting it to his mouth) he presently addressed us in
loud, harsh, and disagreeable accents, that, perhaps, we should have mistaken
for language, had they not come altogether through the nose.%
‘ “Being thus evidently spoken to, I was at a loss how to reply, as I could in
no manner understand what was said; and in this difficulty I turned to the
porter, who was near swooning through affright, and demanded of him his
opinion as to what species of monster it was, what it wanted, and what kind of
creatures those were that so swarmed upon its back. To this the porter replied, as
well as he could for trepidation, that he had once before heard of this sea-beast;
that it was a cruel demon, with bowels of sulphur and blood of fire, created by
evil genii as the means of inflicting misery upon mankind; that the things upon
its back were vermin, such as sometimes infest cats and dogs, only a little larger
and more savage; and that these vermin had their uses, however evil -- for,
through the torture they caused the beast by their nibbling and stingings, it was
goaded into that degree of wrath which was requisite to make it roar and
commit ill, and so fulfil the vengeful and malicious designs of the wicked genii.
“This account determined me to take to my heels, and, without once even
looking behind me, I ran at full speed up into the hills, while the porter ran
equally fast, although nearly in an opposite direction, so that, by these means, he
finally made his escape with my bundles, of which I have no doubt he took
excellent care -- although this is a point I cannot determine, as I do not remember
that I ever beheld him again.
‘ “For myself, I was so hotly pursued by a swarm of the men-vermin (who
had come to the shore in boats) that I was very soon overtaken, bound hand and
foot, and conveyed to the beast, which immediately swam out again into the
middle of the sea.

Korean
affright: 공포, 놀람, 놀래다, 엄습하다, 만연하다, 횡행하다, 소리를 내다, 나팔 모양의 물건, 나팔
무서워하게 하다, 놀라게 하다, 노략질하다, 꾀다, 몰려들다. 불다, 나팔형 확성기, 나팔로 알리다,
두려워하게 하다. requisite: 필요한, 요건, 필수품, 퍼뜨려 알리다, 소라고둥, 나팔을
bowels: 동정심이 깃드는 곳, 인정이 필요조건, 필요물, 요소, 없어서는 휴대한 전령, 퍼뜨리다.
깃드는 곳. 안될, 필수의. vengeful: 복수심에 불타는, 복수심이
demon: 악마, 귀신, 일에 비범한 사람, swarm: 떼짓다, 무리, 군중, 떼지어 있는.
정령, 귀재. 분봉하다, 떼, 다수, 꿀벌떼, 기어 vermin: 사회의 해충, 해충, 건달,
hotly: 뜨겁게, 열심히, 열렬히, 몹시, 오르다, 부유 세포군, 분봉하다, 벌 깡패, 해로운 짐승, 두더지 따위,
흥분하여, 맹렬히, 매우 성을 내어, 떼. 영국에서는 엽조나 가금을 해치는 매,
골나서, 노기를 띠고. trepidation: 전율, 공포, 떨림. 여우, 올빼미, 해수.
infest: 해치다, 들끊다, 창궐하다, trumpet: 트럼펫, 나팔, 나팔 같은 wrath: 격노, 복수, 벌.
 Edgar Allan Poe 29

‘ “I now bitterly repented my folly in quitting a comfortable home to peril my

life in such adventures as this; but regret being useless, I made the best of my
condition, and exerted myself to secure the goodwill of the man-animal that
owned the trumpet, and who appeared to exercise authority over his fellows. I
succeeded so well in this endeavor that, in a few days, the creature bestowed
upon me various tokens of his favor, and in the end even went to the trouble of
teaching me the rudiments of what it was vain enough to denominate its
language; so that, at length, I was enabled to converse with it readily, and came
to make it comprehend the ardent desire I had of seeing the world.%
‘ “Washish squashish squeak, Sinbad, hey-diddle diddle, grunt unt grumble,
hiss, fiss, whiss,’ said he to me, one day after dinner- but I beg a thousand
pardons, I had forgotten that your majesty is not conversant with the dialect of
the Cock-neighs (so the man-animals were called; I presume because their
language formed the connecting link between that of the horse and that of the
rooster). With your permission, I will translate. ‘Washish squashish,’ and so
forth: -- that is to say, ‘I am happy to find, my dear Sinbad, that you are really a
very excellent fellow; we are now about doing a thing which is called
circumnavigating the globe; and since you are so desirous of seeing the world, I
will strain a point and give you a free passage upon back of the beast.” ‘
When the Lady Scheherazade had proceeded thus far, relates the
“Isitsoornot,” the king turned over from his left side to his right, and said:
“It is, in fact, very surprising, my dear queen, that you omitted, hitherto,
these latter adventures of Sinbad. Do you know I think them exceedingly
entertaining and strange?”
The king having thus expressed himself, we are told, the fair Scheherazade
resumed her history in the following words:
“Sinbad went on in this manner with his narrative to the caliph- ‘I thanked
the man-animal for its kindness, and soon found myself very much at home on
the beast, which swam at a prodigious rate through the ocean; although the
surface of the latter is, in that part of the world, by no means flat, but round like a

Korean
ardent: 불같은, 뜨거운, 타는 듯한, desirous: 원하는, 바라는. 투덜거림.
열심인, 열렬한, 빛나는, 불타는. diddle: 낭비하다, 편취하다, 속이다, grunt: 불평의 소리, 꿀꿀 거리다,
caliph: 칼리프. 앞뒤로 심하게 움직이게 하다, 앞뒤로 해병대원, 보병, 꿀꿀 거리는 소리,
conversant: 친교가 있는, 밝은, 친한, 심하게 움직이다. 으르렁거리며 말하다, 툴툴 거리는
잘알고있는, 정통한. favor: 호의를 보이다, 호의, 찬성 소리, 툴툴거리다, 꿀꿀거리다.
converse: 담화, 교제, 반대, 뒤바뀐, 찬성하다, 부탁, 각별히 보아주다, rudiments: 징조.
전환 명제, 친하게 사귀다, 함께 애호, 편애하다, 편애, 친절한 행위, squeak: 찍찍 울다, 삐걱거리다, 끽끽
이야기하다, 역, 거꾸로의, 즐겨 착용하다, 즐겨 입다. 거리다, 아슬아슬하게 피함, 쥐 우는
이야기하다, 회화. grumble: 불평, 불평하다, 우르르 소리, 찍찍 소리를 내다, 끽끽소리로
denominate: 명명하다, 특정한 이름이 울리다, 울림, 투덜거리다, 넋두리, 말하다, 삐걱거리는 소리, 성공하다,
있는. 투덜대다, 불평스럽게 말하다, 앙앙, 앙앙울다.
30 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

pomegranate, so that we went -- so to say -- either up hill or down hill all the
time.’
“That I think, was very singular,” interrupted the king.%
“Nevertheless, it is quite true,” replied Scheherazade.
“I have my doubts,” rejoined the king; “but, pray, be so good as to go on with
the story.”
“I will,” said the queen. ‘ “The beast,’ continued Sinbad to the caliph, ‘swam,
as I have related, up hill and down hill until, at length, we arrived at an island,
many hundreds of miles in circumference, but which, nevertheless, had been
built in the middle of the sea by a colony of little things like caterpillars” ‘
“Hum!” said the king.
‘ “Leaving this island,’ said Sinbad -- (for Scheherazade, it must be
understood, took no notice of her husband’s ill-mannered ejaculation) ‘leaving
this island, we came to another where the forests were of solid stone, and so hard
that they shivered to pieces the finest-tempered axes with which we
endeavoured to cut them down.” ‘
“Hum!” said the king, again; but Scheherazade, paying him no attention,
continued in the language of Sinbad.
‘ “Passing beyond this last island, we reached a country where there was a
cave that ran to the distance of thirty or forty miles within the bowels of the
earth, and that contained a greater number of far more spacious and more
magnificent palaces than are to be found in all Damascus and Bagdad. From the
roofs of these palaces there hung myriads of gems, liked diamonds, but larger
than men; and in among the streets of towers and pyramids and temples, there
flowed immense rivers as black as ebony, and swarming with fish that had no
eyes.” ‘
“Hum!” said the king. ‘ “We then swam into a region of the sea where we
found a lofty mountain, down whose sides there streamed torrents of melted
metal, some of which were twelve miles wide and sixty miles long; while from
an abyss on the summit, issued so vast a quantity of ashes that the sun was

Korean
abyss: 심연, 혼돈, 지옥, 나락, 끝없이 콜로니, 집단거주지, 조계. 헤아릴수 없는, 굉장히, 굉장한, 아주.
깊은 구렁. contained: 억제하는, 조심스러운. interrupted: 중단된, 가로막힌,
cave: 동굴, 굴, 꺼지다, 녹초가 되다, diamonds: 다이아 패 한 벌. 단속적인, 중절된.
동굴로 만들다, 움푹 들어가게 하다, ebony: 흑단, 칠흙의, 흑단재, lofty: 거만한, 고상한, 당당한, 치속은,
탈당, 함몰, 굴복하다, 탈당- 흑단으로 만든. 대단히 높은, 숭고한, 거드럭거리는,
함몰하다, 항복시키다. ejaculation: 사출, 사정, 갑자기 매우 높은.
circumference: 원주, 주위, 주변, 지르는 소리, 절규, 갑자기 외침, magnificent: 웅대한, 장려한, 훌륭한,
주변의 길이, 경계선, 범위, 영역, 갑자기 탄식 소리. 장엄한, 우수한, 아주 훌륭한, 이상한.
주변의 거리. ill-mannered: 버릇없는. melted: 곤드레만드레 취한.
colony: 식민지, 거류지, 거류민, 식민, immense: 광대한, 거대한, 훌륭한, pomegranate: 석류, 석류나무.
군거지, 이민단, 군체, 화석군, 한없는, 막대한, 광대하다, 멋진, 이루 spacious: 넓찍한, 넓은, 드넓은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 31

entirely blotted out from the heavens, and it became darker than the darkest
midnight; so that when we were even at the distance of a hundred and fifty miles
from the mountain, it was impossible to see the whitest object, however close we
held it to our eyes.” ‘
“Hum!” said the king.%
‘ “After quitting this coast, the beast continued his voyage until we met with
a land in which the nature of things seemed reversed -- for we here saw a great
lake, at the bottom of which, more than a hundred feet beneath the surface of the
water, there flourished in full leaf a forest of tall and luxuriant trees.” ‘
“Hoo!” said the king.
“Some hundred miles farther on brought us to a climate where the
atmosphere was so dense as to sustain iron or steel, just as our own does
feather.” ‘
“Fiddle de dee,” said the king.
“Proceeding still in the same direction, we presently arrived at the most
magnificent region in the whole world. Through it there meandered a glorious
river for several thousands of miles. This river was of unspeakable depth, and of
a transparency richer than that of amber. It was from three to six miles in width;
and its banks which arose on either side to twelve hundred feet in perpendicular
height, were crowned with ever-blossoming trees and perpetual sweet-scented
flowers, that made the whole territory one gorgeous garden; but the name of this
luxuriant land was the Kingdom of Horror, and to enter it was inevitable death”
‘
“Humph!” said the king.
‘ “We left this kingdom in great haste, and, after some days, came to another,
where we were astonished to perceive myriads of monstrous animals with horns
resembling scythes upon their heads. These hideous beasts dig for themselves
vast caverns in the soil, of a funnel shape, and line the sides of them with, rocks,
so disposed one upon the other that they fall instantly, when trodden upon by
other animals, thus precipitating them into the monster’s dens, where their blood

Korean
amber: 호박, 호박색의, 호박으로 훌륭한.
만든, 호박빛, 호박색, 호박의. haste: 서두름, 급속, 재촉하다,
crowned: 왕관을 쓴, 춤이 있는, 서두르다, 서두르게 하다, 성급, 급함.
왕위에 오른, 관식을 단. horns: 어느 한 쪽.
disposed: 배치된, 한 감정을 품고, 할 lake: 호수, 레이크, 못, 다홍색.
생각이 있는. luxuriant: 다산의, 무성한, 화려한.
funnel: 깔때기, 채광구멍, 통풍통, monstrous: 거대한, 기괴한, 괴물같은,
깔때기를 통과하다, 깔때기 모양이 극악 무도한, 어처구니 없는, 괴이한,
되다, 깔대기 모양이 되게 하다, 대단히.
집중하다, 굴뚝. perpendicular: 수직의, 수선, 수직면,
gorgeous: 호화스러운, 화려한, 직각을 이루는, 수직의 위치, 수직, 선
채로의, 깍아지근 듯한-수직면,
수직식의, 수직선 건축, 수직 위치.
proceeding: 의사록, 행동, 조치,
소송절차, 회보, 조처, 처리, 소송
절차, 행위, 의사, 진행.
sweet-scented: 냄새 좋은.
transparency: 투명, 투명양화, 투명도,
투명 도안, 각하.
unspeakable: 이루말할수없는, 심한,
언어도단의, 형언하기 어려운, 말하기
싫은, 입에 담기도 싫은.
32 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

is immediately sucked, and their carcasses afterwards hurled contemptuously

out to an immense distance from “the caverns of death.” ‘
“Pooh!” said the king.%
‘ “Continuing our progress, we perceived a district with vegetables that grew
not upon any soil but in the air. There were others that sprang from the
substance of other vegetables; others that derived their substance from the
bodies of living animals; and then again, there were others that glowed all over
with intense fire; others that moved from place to place at pleasure, and what
was still more wonderful, we discovered flowers that lived and breathed and
moved their limbs at will and had, moreover, the detestable passion of mankind
for enslaving other creatures, and confining them in horrid and solitary prisons
until the fulfillment of appointed tasks.” ‘
“Pshaw!” said the king.
‘ “Quitting this land, we soon arrived at another in which the bees and the
birds are mathematicians of such genius and erudition, that they give daily
instructions in the science of geometry to the wise men of the empire. The king of
the place having offered a reward for the solution of two very difficult problems,
they were solved upon the spot -- the one by the bees, and the other by the birds;
but the king keeping their solution a secret, it was only after the most profound
researches and labor, and the writing of an infinity of big books, during a long
series of years, that the men-mathematicians at length arrived at the identical
solutions which had been given upon the spot by the bees and by the birds.” ‘
“Oh my!” said the king.
‘ “We had scarcely lost sight of this empire when we found ourselves close
upon another, from whose shores there flew over our heads a flock of fowls a
mile in breadth, and two hundred and forty miles long; so that, although they
flew a mile during every minute, it required no less than four hours for the
whole flock to pass over us -- in which there were several millions of millions of
fowl.” ‘
“Oh fy!” said the king.

breadth: 폭, 넓은도량, 나비, 넓이,
넓음, 외연, 전체 효과, 퍼짐, 폭으로
재는 물건, 관용, 너비.
breathed: 무성음의.
derived: 유래된, 파생된.
detestable: 몹시 싫은, 혐오할 만한.
erudition: 박식, 해박, 박학.
flock: 신도, 모이다, 무리짓다, 무리,
군중, 떼지어 오다, 떼, 털 부스러기를
채우다, 털솜부스러기, 한뭉치의
양털, 털뭉치.
Korean
fulfillment: 달성, 수행, 실행, 이행.
genius: 수호신, 천재, 사조, 경향,
귀신, 기풍, 자질, 진수, 천성, 특질,
요정.
geometry: 기하학, 기하학책,
기하학서.
horrid: 무서운, 지독한.
identical: 같은, 동일한, 똑같은, 같은
글의.
infinity: 무한대, 무한, 무수, 무한히.
mankind: 남성, 인간, 인류.
profound: 깊은, 마음으로부터의,
심원한, 정중한, 마음에서 우러나는,
충심의, 의미 심장한, 심해, 깊은
속마음, 심연, 충분한.
solitary: 고독한, 혼자의, 외로운,
단독의, 혼자사는 사람, 혼자 사는
사람, 유일한, 분리된, 인적이 없는.
substance: 실체, 물질, 실질, 요지,
재산, 물건, 본질, 사실상,
실질적으로, 자산, 거의 대부분.
vegetables: 야채.
 Edgar Allan Poe 33

‘ “No sooner had we got rid of these birds, which occasioned us great
annoyance, than we were terrified by the appearance of a fowl of another kind,
and infinitely larger than even the rocs which I met in my former voyages; for it
was bigger than the biggest of the domes on your seraglio, oh, most Munificent
of Caliphs. This terrible fowl had no head that we could perceive, but was
fashioned entirely of belly, which was of a prodigious fatness and roundness, of
a soft-looking substance, smooth, shining and striped with various colors. In its
talons, the monster was bearing away to his eyrie in the heavens, a house from
which it had knocked off the roof, and in the interior of which we distinctly saw
human beings, who, beyond doubt, were in a state of frightful despair at the
horrible fate which awaited them. We shouted with all our might, in the hope of
frightening the bird into letting go of its prey, but it merely gave a snort or puff,
as if of rage and then let fall upon our heads a heavy sack which proved to be
filled with sand!” ‘
“Stuff!” said the king.%
‘ “It was just after this adventure that we encountered a continent of immense
extent and prodigious solidity, but which, nevertheless, was supported entirely
upon the back of a sky-blue cow that had no fewer than four hundred horns.” ‘
“That, now, I believe,” said the king, “because I have read something of the
kind before, in a book.”
“ ‘We passed immediately beneath this continent, (swimming in between the
legs of the cow, and, after some hours, found ourselves in a wonderful country
indeed, which, I was informed by the man-animal, was his own native land,
inhabited by things of his own species. This elevated the man-animal very much
in my esteem, and in fact, I now began to feel ashamed of the contemptuous
familiarity with which I had treated him; for I found that the man-animals in
general were a nation of the most powerful magicians, who lived with worms in
their brain, which, no doubt, served to stimulate them by their painful writhings
and wrigglings to the most miraculous efforts of imagination!” ‘
“Nonsense!” said the king.

contemptuous: 경멸적인, 사람을
얕잡아보는, 오만 무례, 경멸하여.
esteem: 존중하다, 존중, 존경하다,
귀중히 여기다, 간주하다, 존경,
간주하다-존경, 평가하다.
eyrie: 높은 곳에 있는 집, 높은 둥지.
fashioned: 식의.
fatness: 비옥, 비만, 뚱뚱함, 풍부함,
지방이 많음, 기름기가 많음.
fowl: 가금, 새, 닭, 들새를 잡다,
새고기, 엽조를 사냥하다.
Korean
frightening: 놀라운, 무서운. 궁전.
frightful: 무서운, 추악한, 불쾌한, sky-blue: 하늘색, 하늘색의.
아주 보기 싫은, 아주 보기 흉한, snort: 콧김, 씨근거리, 배기음, 콧김을
지독한. 뿜다, 씩씩 소리내다, 스노클, 소방용
inhabited: 사람이 살고 있는. 수압 기중기, 소량, 씩씩거리며
miraculous: 기적적인, 놀랄만한, 말하다, 잠수용 플라스틱 관, 증기를
불가사의한. 뿜다.
roundness: 둥긁, 솔직함, 완전함, solidity: 견고, 고체성, 견실, 단단함,
호됨. 밀도 짙음, 체적, 굳음, 실질적임,
seraglio: 궁정, 후궁, 도장방, 처첩의 입체성, 고체.
방, 매춘굴, 터키의 옛 궁전, 회교국의 striped: 줄무늬가 있는, 줄이 있는.
34 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

“ ‘Among the magicians, were domesticated several animals of very singular

kinds; for example, there was a huge horse whose bones were iron and whose
blood was boiling water. In place of corn, he had black stones for his usual food;
and yet, in spite of so hard a diet, he was so strong and swift that he would drag
a load more weighty than the grandest temple in this city, at a rate surpassing
that of the flight of most birds.” ‘
“Twattle!” said the king.%
‘ “I saw, also, among these people a hen without feathers, but bigger than a
camel; instead of flesh and bone she had iron and brick; her blood, like that of
the horse, (to whom, in fact, she was nearly related,) was boiling water; and like
him she ate nothing but wood or black stones. This hen brought forth very
frequently, a hundred chickens in the day; and, after birth, they took up their
residence for several weeks within the stomach of their mother.” ‘
“Fa! lal!” said the king.
‘ “One of this nation of mighty conjurors created a man out of brass and
wood, and leather, and endowed him with such ingenuity that he would have
beaten at chess, all the race of mankind with the exception of the great Caliph,
Haroun Alraschid. Another of these magi constructed (of like material) a creature
that put to shame even the genius of him who made it; for so great were its
reasoning powers that, in a second, it performed calculations of so vast an extent
that they would have required the united labor of fifty thousand fleshy men for
a year. But a still more wonderful conjuror fashioned for himself a mighty thing
that was neither man nor beast, but which had brains of lead, intermixed with a
black matter like pitch, and fingers that it employed with such incredible speed
and dexterity that it would have had no trouble in writing out twenty thousand
copies of the Koran in an hour, and this with so exquisite a precision, that in all
the copies there should not be found one to vary from another by the breadth of
the finest hair. This thing was of prodigious strength, so that it erected or
overthrew the mightiest empires at a breath; but its powers were exercised
equally for evil and for good.” ‘
“Ridiculous!” said the king.

camel: 낙타색, 부함, 낙타색의, 낙타,
담황갈색의, 낙다.
chess: 체스, 참새귀리속의 식물,
배다리에 건너지르는 널, 서양 장기,
서양장기, 배다리.
conjuror: 마술사, 주술사, 마법사.
dexterity: 영리, 손재주 있음,
오른손잡이, 재치.
exquisite: 절묘한, 정교한, 예민한,
멋쟁이 남자, 우미한, 우아한,
더할나위 없는, 깊은, 취미가
Korean
까다로운 사람, 취미가까다로운사람, 단수형.
아주 아름다운. spite: 악의, 원한, 앙심으로, 에 짓궂게
fleshy: 살의, 다육질의, 육질의, 살찐, 굴다, 을 돌보지 않고, 에도 불구하고,
육욕의, 살집이 좋은, 뚱뚱한, 육체의. 짓궂게 굴다, 앙갚음하다.
hen: 암컷, 암닭, 암탉. surpassing: 뛰어난, 비상한, 우수한,
magi: 동방 박사, 마기 승족, 마술사. 빼어난.
precision: 정확, 정밀, 정밀한, 정확히 weighty: 중요한, 무거운, 유력한,
사격하는. 답답하게 내리누르는, 무게를 가진,
singular: 단수, 단 하나의, 단수의, 중대한, 견딜 수 없는, 남을 수긍케
현저한, 각각의 단수의, 보통이 아닌 하는 힘이 있는, 무게 있는, 비중이 큰
단수, 멋진, 이상한, 개개의, 훌륭한, 세력 있는, 무게있는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 35

‘ “Among this nation of necromancers there was also one who had in his
veins the blood of the salamanders; for he made no scruple of sitting down to
smoke his chibouc in a red-hot oven until his dinner was thoroughly roasted
upon its floor. Another had the faculty of converting the common metals into
gold, without even looking at them during the process. Another had such a
delicacy of touch that he made a wire so fine as to be invisible. Another had such
quickness of perception that he counted all the separate motions of an elastic
body, while it was springing backward and forward at the rate of nine hundred
millions of times in a second.” ‘
“Absurd!” said the king.%
‘ “Another of these magicians, by means of a fluid that nobody ever yet saw,
could make the corpses of his friends brandish their arms, kick out their legs,
fight, or even get up and dance at his will. Another had cultivated his voice to so
great an extent that he could have made himself heard from one end of the world
to the other. Another had so long an arm that he could sit down in Damascus
and indite a letter at Bagdad -- or indeed at any distance whatsoever. Another
commanded the lightning to come down to him out of the heavens, and it came
at his call; and served him for a plaything when it came. Another took two loud
sounds and out of them made a silence. Another constructed a deep darkness out
of two brilliant lights. Another made ice in a red-hot furnace. Another directed
the sun to paint his portrait, and the sun did. Another took this luminary with
the moon and the planets, and having first weighed them with scrupulous
accuracy, probed into their depths and found out the solidity of the substance of
which they were made. But the whole nation is, indeed, of so surprising a
necromantic ability, that not even their infants, nor their commonest cats and
dogs have any difficulty in seeing objects that do not exist at all, or that for
twenty millions of years before the birth of the nation itself had been blotted out
from the face of creation.’ “
Analogous experiments in respect to sound produce analogous results.
“Preposterous!” said the king.

Korean
brandish: 휘두르다. 어려운 시련의 장소, 난방로, 노,
delicacy: 섬세함, 정교, 우미, 연약함, 아궁이.
우아, 솜씨있음, 고움, 맛있는 음식, indite: 짓다, 쓰다.
날씬함, 동정심, 섬세. luminary: 발광체, 달, 명사, 지도자,
elastic: 경쾌한, 탄력있는, 밝은, 태양, 선각자.
낭창한, 융통성있는-고무줄, metals: 궤조.
융통성있는, 고무줄, 고무 끈, necromantic: 마술적인, 마술의,
반발력이 있는, 고무줄이 든 천의 마법의.
제품, 고리 모양의 고무줄. plaything: 장난감.
furnace: 용광로, 시련, 화덕, 몹시 quickness: 민첩, 성급함, 신속, 기민,
더운 곳, 작열하는곳, 작열하는 곳, 빠르기, 급격, 속도, 성마름, 급속.
red-hot: 핫도그, 섹시한, 최신의,
노발대발한, 열렬한, 몹시 흥분한,
흥분한사람, 작고 빨간 과자, 여자를
동반하지 않은 남자, 선정적인,
새빨갛게탄.
scruple: 망설임, 예사로, 태연히,
주저하다, 미량, 스쿠루플, 주저,
꺼리다, 스크루플, 양심의 가책, 의심.
scrupulous: 양심적인, 고지식한,
신중한, 주의 깊은, 정확한, 꼼꼼한.
springing: 도약운동, 스프링.
36 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

‘ “The wives and daughters of these incomparably great and wise magi,” ‘
continued Scheherazade, without being in any manner disturbed by these
frequent and most ungentlemanly interruptions on the part of her husband -- ‘
“the wives and daughters of these eminent conjurers are every thing that is
accomplished and refined; and would be every thing that is interesting and
beautiful, but for an unhappy fatality that besets them, and from which not even
the miraculous powers of their husbands and fathers has, hitherto, been
adequate to save. Some fatalities come in certain shapes, and some in others --
but this of which I speak has come in the shape of a crotchet.” ‘
“A what?” said the king.%
‘ “A crotchet” ‘ said Scheherazade. ‘ “One of the evil genii, who are
perpetually upon the watch to inflict ill, has put it into the heads of these
accomplished ladies that the thing which we describe as personal beauty consists
altogether in the protuberance of the region which lies not very far below the
small of the back. Perfection of loveliness, they say, is in the direct ratio of the
extent of this lump. Having been long possessed of this idea, and bolsters being
cheap in that country, the days have long gone by since it was possible to
distinguish a woman from a dromedary-” ‘
“Stop!” said the king -- “I can’t stand that, and I won’t. You have already
given me a dreadful headache with your lies. The day, too, I perceive, is
beginning to break. How long have we been married? -- my conscience is getting
to be troublesome again. And then that dromedary touch -- do you take me for a
fool? Upon the whole, you might as well get up and be throttled.”
These words, as I learn from the “Isitsoornot,” both grieved and astonished
Scheherazade; but, as she knew the king to be a man of scrupulous integrity, and
quite unlikely to forfeit his word, she submitted to her fate with a good grace.
She derived, however, great consolation, (during the tightening of the
bowstring,) from the reflection that much of the history remained still untold,
and that the petulance of her brute of a husband had reaped for him a most
righteous reward, in depriving him of many inconceivable adventures.

brute: 짐승, 싫은 놈, 야수적인,
감각이 없는, 잔인한.
crotchet: 갈고리, 기상, 구상기관,
변덕, 별난생각, 사분 음표.
dromedary: 단봉낙타, 단봉 낙타.
eminent: 현저한, 우수한, 유명한,
뛰어난, 저명한, 돌출한.
fatality: 참사, 숙명, 죽음, 불운, 재난,
치사성, 필연설, 불행, 인연, 운명,
숙명론.
forfeit: 상실하다, 벌금, 몰수되다,
Korean
몰수물, 상실, 박탈, 몰수된, 상실한, petulance: 성마름, 토라짐, 불쾌,
벌금 놀이. 앵돌아짐, 심술사나움, 짜증.
grieved: 슬퍼하는, 슬픈. protuberance: 융기, 혹, 돌기, 결절.
incomparably: 비교할 수 없는, righteous: 공정한, 당연한, 바른,
빼어나게, 비교가 안될 정도로, 견줄 정당한, 고결한, 정의의, 정직한,
나위 없는. 바른사람, 지당한, 올바른, 올바르다.
inflict: 가하다, 과하다, 주다, ungentlemanly: 야비한, 천박한,
괴롭히다, 짊어지우다. 신사답지 못한, 비신사적인.
loveliness: 사랑스러움, 멋짐, 이쁨, untold: 셀 수 없는, 이야기되지 않은,
유쾌함, 아름다움, 귀여움, 즐거움, 밝혀지지 않은, 언급되지 않은,
매력. 헤아릴 수 없는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 37

A DESCENT INTO THE MAELSTRÖM

The ways of God in Nature, as in Providence, are not as our ways; nor
are the models that we frame any way commensurate to the vastness,
profundity, and unsearchableness of His works, which have a depth in
them greater than the well of Democritus.%
--Joseph Glanville

We had now reached the summit of the loftiest crag. For some minutes the
old man seemed too much exhausted to speak.
“Not long ago,” said he at length, “and I could have guided you on this route
as well as the youngest of my sons; but, about three years past, there happened
to me an event such as never happened to mortal man -- or at least such as no
man ever survived to tell of -- and the six hours of deadly terror which I then
endured have broken me up body and soul. You suppose me a very old man --
but I am not. It took less than a single day to change these hairs from a jetty black
to white, to weaken my limbs, and to unstring my nerves, so that I tremble at
the least exertion, and am frightened at a shadow. Do you know I can scarcely
look over this little cliff without getting giddy?”
The “little cliff,” upon whose edge he had so carelessly thrown himself down
to rest that the weightier portion of his body hung over it, while he was only kept

Korean
commensurate: 액수가 알맞은, 같은 죽은 사람과 같은, 매우 효과적인, tremble: 진동, 흔들리다, 조바심하다,
정도의, 공통된 단위를 가진, 살려둘 수 없는. 전율하다, 떨하다, 떨림,
균형잡힌, 적당한, 같은양의, 같은 exertion: 노력, 진력, 발위, 행사. 전전긍긍하다, 전율, 떨다, 떨게 하다.
단위로 잴수 있는, 균형이 잡힌, exhausted: 다 써버린, 다 퍼버린, unstring: 실에서 뽑다, 약하게 하다,
정도가 알맞은, 크기가 알맞은, 같은 소모된, 물이 마른, 고갈된, 지칠대로 의 줄을 벗기다, 긴장을 풀다, 현을
기간의. 지친. 늦추다, 현을 풀다.
crag: 울퉁불퉁한 바위, 개사층, 험한 guided: 안내를 받은. vastness: 광대한 넓이, 광대, 광대함.
바위산, 너설바위. mortal: 치명적인, 인간의, 인간, weaken: 약해지다, 결단성이
deadly: 치명적인, 심한, 몹시, 죽음 불치의, 길고 긴, 생각할 수 있는, 없어지다, 묽게 하다, 우유 부단하게
같은, 주검처럼, 용서 할수 없는, 용서 지루한, 죽어야 할, 죽어야 할 것, 되다, 약하게 하다, 약화시키다,
할수 없는-주검처럼, 죽음과 같은, 사람, 가능한-죽어야 할 것. 꺾이다, 굴복하다, 흔들거리다.
38 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

from falling by the tenure of his elbow on its extreme and slippery edge -- this
“little cliff” arose, a sheer unobstructed precipice of black shining rock, some
fifteen or sixteen hundred feet from the world of crags beneath us. Nothing
would have tempted me to within half a dozen yards of its brink. In truth so
deeply was I excited by the perilous position of my companion, that I fell at full
length upon the ground, clung to the shrubs around me, and dared not even
glance upward at the sky -- while I struggled in vain to divest myself of the idea
that the very foundations of the mountain were in danger from the fury of the
winds. It was long before I could reason myself into sufficient courage to sit up
and look out into the distance.%
“You must get over these fancies,” said the guide, “for I have brought you
here that you might have the best possible view of the scene of that event I
mentioned -- and to tell you the whole story with the spot just under your eye.”
“We are now,” he continued, in that particularizing manner which
distinguished him -- “we are now close upon the Norwegian coast -- in the sixty-
eighth degree of latitude -- in the great province of Nordland -- and in the dreary
district of Lofoden. The mountain upon whose top we sit is Helseggen, the
Cloudy. Now raise yourself up a little higher -- hold on to the grass if you feel
giddy -- so -- and look out, beyond the belt of vapor beneath us, into the sea.”
I looked dizzily, and beheld a wide expanse of ocean, whose waters wore so
inky a hue as to bring at once to my mind the Nubian geographer’s account of
the Mare Tenebrarum. A panorama more deplorably desolate no human
imagination can conceive. To the right and left, as far as the eye could reach,
there lay outstretched, like ramparts of the world, lines of horridly black and
beetling cliff, whose character of gloom was but the more forcibly illustrated by
the surf which reared high up against its white and ghastly crest, howling and
shrieking forever. Just opposite the promontory upon whose apex we were
placed, and at a distance of some five or six miles out at sea, there was visible a
small, bleak-looking island; or, more properly, its position was discernible
through the wilderness of surge in which it was enveloped. About two miles

Korean
apex: 꼭대기, 정점, 절정, 선단. giddy: 현기증나는, 들뜬, 현기증 나게 한.
beetling: 불거진, 튀어나온. 하다, 눈이 빙빙 도는 듯한, 마음이 panorama: 파노라마, 전경, 개관,
deplorably: 통탄하여, 한탄스럽게, 들뜬, 현기증 나는. 잇달아 변하는 광경.
한탄하여, 비통하게. horridly: 무시무시하게. perilous: 위험한.
desolate: 황량한, 황폐케하다, 황폐한, howling: 쓸쓸한, 울부짖는, 터무니 precipice: 절벽, 벼랑.
음산한, 고독한, 사람이 안 사는, 없는, 대단한, 터무니없는, 짖는. promontory: 곶, 갑.
시람이 안 사는, 쓸쓸한, 내버려진. hue: 색조, 빛깔, 색상, 고함, 외침소리, surf: 밀려오는 파도, 파도를 타다,
divest: 빼앗다, 옷을벗다, 벗기다. 비난의 소리, 색채, 고함소리, 특색. 바닷가에 밀려서 부서지는 흰 파도.
dizzily: 현기증나게, 어지럽게. inky: 잉크같은, 잉크의, 새까만, 잉크 vapor: 증기, 증발하다, 증기를 내다,
dreary: 울적한, 쓸쓸한, 지루한, 묻은, 새카만, 잉크로 표를 한, 공상, 환상, 안개, 연무, 아지랑이,
처량한, 음울한, 황량한. 잉크묻은, 더러워진, 잉크로 표시를 실질이 없는 물건, 수증기, 뽑내다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 39

nearer the land, arose another of smaller size, hideously craggy and barren, and
encompassed at various intervals by a cluster of dark rocks.%
The appearance of the ocean, in the space between the more distant island
and the shore, had something very unusual about it. Although, at the time, so
strong a gale was blowing landward that a brig in the remote offing lay to under
a double-reefed trysail, and constantly plunged her whole hull out of sight, still
there was here nothing like a regular swell, but only a short, quick, angry cross
dashing of water in every direction -- as well in the teeth of the wind as
otherwise. Of foam there was little except in the immediate vicinity of the rocks.
“The island in the distance,” resumed the old man, “is called by the
Norwegians Vurrgh. The one midway is Moskoe. That a mile to the northward is
Ambaaren. Yonder are Islesen, Hotholm, Keildhelm, Suarven, and Buckholm.
Farther off -- between Moskoe and Vurrgh -- are Otterholm, Flimen, Sandflesen,
and Stockholm. These are the true names of the places -- but why it has been
thought necessary to name them at all, is more than either you or I can
understand. Do you hear anything? Do you see any change in the water?”
We had now been about ten minutes upon the top of Helseggen, to which we
had ascended from the interior of Lofoden, so that we had caught no glimpse of
the sea until it had burst upon us from the summit. As the old man spoke, I
became aware of a loud and gradually increasing sound, like the moaning of a
vast herd of buffaloes upon an American prairie; and at the same moment I
perceived that what seamen term the chopping character of the ocean beneath us,
was rapidly changing into a current which set to the eastward. Even while I
gazed, this current acquired a monstrous velocity. Each moment added to its
speed -- to its headlong impetuosity. In five minutes the whole sea, as far as
Vurrgh, was lashed into ungovernable fury; but it was between Moskoe and the
coast that the main uproar held its sway. Here the vast bed of the waters, seamed
and scarred into a thousand conflicting channels, burst suddenly into phrensied
convulsion -- heaving, boiling, hissing -- gyrating in gigantic and innumerable
vortices, and all whirling and plunging on to the eastward with a rapidity which
water never elsewhere assumes except in precipitous descents.

brig: 두대박이범선, 브리지, 쌍돛대의
범선, 영창.
buffaloes: 물소.
convulsion: 격동, 웃음의 발작, 경련,
동란, 이변, 포복 절도, 동요, 경기,
변동.
craggy: 바위가 많은, 우악스럽게
생긴, 바위가 울퉁불퉁 돌출한,
울퉁불퉁하고 험한.
eastward: 동쪽의, 동쪽, 동쪽으로.
headlong: 거꾸로, 곧바로, 성급한,
Korean
무모하게, 거꾸로의, 곤두박이의. offing: 난바다.
hideously: 소름 끼칠 만큼. prairie: 대초원, 숲속의 조그만 빈터,
hissing: 쉿소리 나기, 시이시이하기의 초원.
스음, 치찰음의, 쉭쉭하기의 스음. precipitous: 성급한, 험한, 경솔한,
impetuosity: 격렬, 성급함, 성급한 깎아지른 듯한.
언동. scarred: 상처 자국을 남긴.
landward: 육지쪽으로. trysail: 작은 세로 돛, 트라이슬.
northward: 북방, 북을 향하여, ungovernable: 제어가 어려운, 제어할
북쪽으로, 북쪽으로의, 북, 북을향한, 수 없는, 다스리기 어려운.
북으로 향한, 북쪽으로 향해서, yonder: 저기에, 저쪽, 훨씬 저쪽의,
북쪽으로 향한, 북으로 향해서. 저곳에, 저곳에의.
40 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

In a few minutes more, there came over the scene another radical alteration.
The general surface grew somewhat more smooth, and the whirlpools, one by
one, disappeared, while prodigious streaks of foam became apparent where none
had been seen before. These streaks, at length, spreading out to a great distance,
and entering into combination, took unto themselves the gyratory motion of the
subsided vortices, and seemed to form the germ of another more vast. Suddenly
-- very suddenly -- this assumed a distinct and definite existence, in a circle of
more than a mile in diameter. The edge of the whirl was represented by a broad
belt of gleaming spray; but no particle of this slipped into the mouth of the
terrific funnel, whose interior, as far as the eye could fathom it, was a smooth,
shining, and jet-black wall of water, inclined to the horizon at an angle of some
forty-five degrees, speeding dizzily round and round with a swaying and
sweltering motion, and sending forth to the winds an appalling voice, half
shriek, half roar, such as not even the mighty cataract of Niagara ever lifts up in
its agony to Heaven.%
The mountain trembled to its very base, and the rock rocked. I threw myself
upon my face, and clung to the scant herbage in an excess of nervous agitation.
“This,” said I at length, to the old man -- “this can be nothing else than the
great whirlpool of the Maelström.”
“So it is sometimes termed,” said he. “We Norwegians call it the Moskoe-
ström, from the island of Moskoe in the midway.”
The ordinary accounts of this vortex had by no means prepared me for what I
saw. That of Jonas Ramus, which is perhaps the most circumstantial of any,
cannot impart the faintest conception either of the magnificence, or of the horror
of the scene -- or of the wild bewildering sense of the novel which confounds the
beholder. I am not sure from what point of view the writer in question surveyed
it, nor at what time; but it could neither have been from the summit of
Helseggen, nor during a storm. There are some passages of his description,
nevertheless, which may be quoted for their details, although their effect is
exceedingly feeble in conveying an impression of the spectacle.

Korean
bewildering: 어리둥절케. 발아시키다, 생겨나다, 싹이 트다. 고속으로 움직이는, 고속 진행.
cataract: 백내장, 큰폭포, 호우, 분류, gyratory: 선회의, 선회운동을 하는. sweltering: 무더운, 찌는 듯한,
수력 절등기, 큰 폭포. herbage: 목초, 초본류, 방목권, 풀. 찌는듯이 더운, 더위에 지친.
circumstantial: 상세한, 우연한, impart: 전하다, 곁들이다, 나눠 vortex: 소용돌이, 소용돌이 모양의
정황적인, 처지상의, 부수적인, 주다덧붙이다, 말해버리다, 알리다, 비행운, 우주 물질의 와동, 와동.
생활상태의, 정황에 의한, 형편에 주다, 첨가하다, 나누어주다. whirl: 혼란, 선회, 소용돌이,
따른, 추정상의. magnificence: 장엄, 훌륭함, 장려, 현기증나다, 빙빙 돌리다, 빙빙돌다,
fathom: 길, 헤아리다, 수심을 재다, 호화, 웅대. 잇따라 일어나는 일, 질주하다, 차로
추측하다, 수심을 측정하다, 이해. shriek: 비명, 새된 소리를 지르다, 그 신속히 운반한다, 현기증이 나다,
germ: 세균, 싹틈, 발아하다, 배종, 소리, 을 새된 목소리로 말하다. 회전.
어린싹, 병원균, 근원, 유아, speeding: 속도위반, 속도를 위반한, whirlpool: 소용돌이, 혼란.
 Edgar Allan Poe 41

“Between%Lofoden and Moskoe,” he says, “the depth of the water is between

thirty-six and forty fathoms; but on the other side, toward Ver (Vurrgh) this
depth decreases so as not to afford a convenient passage for a vessel, without the
risk of splitting on the rocks, which happens even in the calmest weather. When
it is flood, the stream runs up the country between Lofoden and Moskoe with a
boisterous rapidity; but the roar of its impetuous ebb to the sea is scarce
equalled by the loudest and most dreadful cataracts; the noise being heard
several leagues off, and the vortices or pits are of such an extent and depth, that
if a ship comes within its attraction, it is inevitably absorbed and carried down to
the bottom, and there beat to pieces against the rocks; and when the water
relaxes, the fragments thereof are thrown up again. But these intervals of
tranquility are only at the turn of the ebb and flood, and in calm weather, and
last but a quarter of an hour, its violence gradually returning. When the stream is
most boisterous, and its fury heightened by a storm, it is dangerous to come
within a Norway mile of it. Boats, yachts, and ships have been carried away by
not guarding against it before they were within its reach. It likewise happens
frequently, that whales come too near the stream, and are overpowered by its
violence; and then it is impossible to describe their howlings and bellowings in
their fruitless struggles to disengage themselves. A bear once, attempting to
swim from Lofoden to Moskoe, was caught by the stream and borne down,
while he roared terribly, so as to be heard on shore. Large stocks of firs and pine
trees, after being absorbed by the current, rise again broken and torn to such a
degree as if bristles grew upon them. This plainly shows the bottom to consist of
craggy rocks, among which they are whirled to and fro. This stream is regulated
by the flux and reflux of the sea -- it being constantly high and low water every
six hours. In the year 1645, early in the morning of Sexagesima Sunday, it raged
with such noise and impetuosity that the very stones of the houses on the coast
fell to the ground.”
In regard to the depth of the water, I could not see how this could have been
ascertained at all in the immediate vicinity of the vortex. The “forty fathoms”
must have reference only to portions of the channel close upon the shore either of
Moskoe or Lofoden. The depth in the centre of the Moskoe-ström must be

Korean
boisterous: 사납게몰아치는, 난폭한, 저쪽으로. scarce: 드문, 부족한, 희귀한,
야단법석의, 소란스러운, 사나운, fruitless: 열매를 맺지 않는, 결실하지 결석하다, 결핍한.
몹시 거친, 거친. 않는, 보람없는, 효과 없는, 보람 splitting: 포복절도할, 머리가 쪼개질
disengage: 해방하다, 풀다, 관계를 없는. 것 같은, 쪼개지는, 신속한, 파편,
끊다, 떨어지다, 중지하다, 접속을 guarding: 망보는 것. 우습기 짝이 없는, 나는듯한, 귀청이
풀다, 연결을 풀다, 교전을 중지하다, impetuous: 격렬한, 맹렬한, 열렬한, 터질것 같은, 재빠른, 나는 듯한.
연결이 풀리다. 성급한, 충동적인, 성급함. thereof: 그것의, 거기서부터, 그것에
ebb: 썰물, 간조, 기울다, 쇠퇴, 성쇠, plainly: 솔직하게, 명백히, 검소하게, 관해서, 그것으로부터.
성쇠-써다, 만회하다, 감퇴, 줄다, 간소하게, 뚜렷하게. tranquility: 평온, 고요의 바다, 평정,
빠지다. reflux: 썰물, 역류, 퇴조, 환류, 고요함, 고요, 차분함.
fro: 이리저리, 저쪽에, 앞뒤로, 환류하다, 퇴류. vicinity: 근처, 근접, 주변, 근방, 부근.
42 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

immeasurably greater; and no better proof of this fact is necessary than can be
obtained from even the sidelong glance into the abyss of the whirl which may be
had from the highest crag of Helseggen. Looking down from this pinnacle upon
the howling Phlegethon below, I could not help smiling at the simplicity with
which the honest Jonas Ramus records, as a matter difficult of belief, the
anecdotes of the whales and the bears; for it appeared to me, in fact, a self-
evident thing, that the largest ship of the line in existence, coming within the
influence of that deadly attraction, could resist it as little as a feather the
hurricane, and must disappear bodily and at once.%
The attempts to account for the phenomenon -- some of which, I remember,
seemed to me sufficiently plausible in perusal -- now wore a very different and
unsatisfactory aspect. The idea generally received is that this, as well as three
smaller vortices among the Ferroe islands, “have no other cause than the
collision of waves rising and falling, at flux and reflux, against a ridge of rocks
and shelves, which confines the water so that it precipitates itself like a cataract;
and thus the higher the flood rises, the deeper must the fall be, and the natural
result of all is a whirlpool or vortex, the prodigious suction of which is
sufficiently known by lesser experiments.” -- These are the words of the
Encyclopædia Britannica. Kircher and others imagine that in the centre of the
channel of the Maelström is an abyss penetrating the globe, and issuing in some
very remote part -- the Gulf of Bothnia being somewhat decidedly named in one
instance. This opinion, idle in itself, was the one to which, as I gazed, my
imagination most readily assented; and, mentioning it to the guide, I was rather
surprised to hear him say that, although it was the view almost universally
entertained of the subject by the Norwegians, it nevertheless was not his own. As
to the former notion he confessed his inability to comprehend it; and here I
agreed with him -- for, however conclusive on paper, it becomes altogether
unintelligible, and even absurd, amid the thunder of the abyss.
“You have had a good look at the whirl now,” said the old man, “and if you
will creep round this crag, so as to get in its lee, and deaden the roar of the water,

Korean
comprehend: 이해하다, 포함하다, 결정적으로, 활실히. pinnacle: 높은 곳에 두다, 높은
함축하다. feather: 깃털, 깃털이 나다, 날개처럼 산봉우리, 작은 뾰족탑, 작은 뽀족탑,
conclusive: 종국의, 결정적인, 단호한, 움직이다, 깃으로 장식하다, 깃털 작은 첨탑, 첨탑에 설치하다.
확정적인, 명확한, 최종의. 같이 난 털, 상태, 조류, 종류, 페더링, self-evident: 자명한.
confines: 경계. 항적, 살깃. sidelong: 옆의, 비스듬한, 곁에,
deaden: 약하게 하다, 무감각하게 immeasurably: 한없이, 끝없이, 잴수 옆으로.
하다, 둔하게 하다, 둔해지다, 없을 정도로. suction: 빨기, 빨아들이게 하는, 흡인,
약해지다, 소리를 없애다, 죽다, penetrating: 관통하는, 꿰뚫는, 흡인력에 의하여 움직이는, 흡입관,
소리를 없애다-죽다, 늦추다, 침투하는, 날카로운, 견식 높은, 흡인 통풍, 빨기의.
방음으로 하다, 끄다. 예리한, 잘 들리는, 통찰력이 있는, unintelligible: 이해할 수 없는,
decidedly: 단호히, 확실히, 현명한, 예민한. 분명치 않은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 43

I will tell you a story that will convince you I ought to know something of the
Moskoe-ström.”
I placed myself as desired, and he proceeded.%
“Myself and my two brothers once owned a schooner-rigged smack of about
seventy tons burthen, with which we were in the habit of fishing among the
islands beyond Moskoe, nearly to Vurrgh. In all violent eddies at sea there is
good fishing, at proper opportunities, if one has only the courage to attempt it;
but among the whole of the Lofoden coastmen, we three were the only ones who
made a regular business of going out to the islands, as I tell you. The usual
grounds are a great way lower down to the southward. There fish can be got at
all hours, without much risk, and therefore these places are preferred. The choice
spots over here among the rocks, however, not only yield the finest variety, but
in far greater abundance; so that we often got in a single day, what the more
timid of the craft could not scrape together in a week. In fact, we made it a
matter of desperate speculation -- the risk of life standing instead of labor, and
courage answering for capital.
“We kept the smack in a cove about five miles higher up the coast than this;
and it was our practice, in fine weather, to take advantage of the fifteen minutes’
slack to push across the main channel of the Moskoe-ström, far above the pool,
and then drop down upon anchorage somewhere near Otterholm, or Sandflesen,
where the eddies are not so violent as elsewhere. Here we used to remain until
nearly time for slack-water again, when we weighed and made for home. We
never set out upon this expedition without a steady side wind for going and
coming -- one that we felt sure would not fail us before our return -- and we
seldom made a mis-calculation upon this point. Twice, during six years, we were
forced to stay all night at anchor on account of a dead calm, which is a rare thing
indeed just about here; and once we had to remain on the grounds nearly a week,
starving to death, owing to a gale which blew up shortly after our arrival, and
made the channel too boisterous to be thought of. Upon this occasion we should
have been driven out to sea in spite of everything, (for the whirlpools threw us
round and round so violently, that, at length, we fouled our anchor and dragged

Korean
abundance: 풍부, 부유, 윤택, 다수, gale: 강풍, 큰바람, 흥분 상태, 환희, 분탄, 느즈러진 곳, 느즈러진, 느슨한,
충분한 물작 공급, 충분한 물자 공급, 폭소, 실바람, 버드소귀나무의 일종, 좋지 못한, 약해지다, 슬랙스.
유복. 폭풍, 정기 지불금, 미풍, 광희. smack: 갑자기, 정면으로, 입맛 다심,
anchorage: 투묘, 정박, 닻을 내림, owing: 빚지고 있는, 지불해야 할, 에 맛, 찰싹, 기미, 풍미, 맛이있다,
은자의 주거, 정박료, 은둔처, 기인하는. 쪽하고 소리내다, 쪽하는 키스, 찰싹
은둔장소, 정박세, 정박소, 투묘지, scrape: 켜다, 긁어 모으다, 문지르다, 때리다.
정신적 의지. 문질러 만들다, 푼푼이 모으다, 비벼 southward: 남으로부터, 남으로,
cove: 후미, 홍예식 천장, 주인, 놈, 스치며 나아가다, 문질러 지다, 남쪽에, 남쪽으로, 남쪽으로의,
산골짜기 길, 아치혀으로 만들다, 긁어모으다, 면도하다, 발을 비비다, 남쪽의.
한구석, 양 목장의 지배인, 후미진곳, 고생. timid: 겁많은, 수줍어하는,
산구석, 녀석. slack: 느린, 늦추다, 늘어진, 침체된, 머뭇거리는.
44 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

it) if it had not been that we drifted into one of the innumerable cross currents --
here to-day and gone to-morrow -- which drove us under the lee of Flimen,
where, by good luck, we brought up.%
“I could not tell you the twentieth part of the difficulties we encountered ‘on
the grounds’ -- it is a bad spot to be in, even in good weather -- but we made shift
always to run the gauntlet of the Moskoe-ström itself without accident; although
at times my heart has been in my mouth when we happened to be a minute or so
behind or before the slack. The wind sometimes was not as strong as we thought
it at starting, and then we made rather less way than we could wish, while the
current rendered the smack unmanageable. My eldest brother had a son
eighteen years old, and I had two stout boys of my own. These would have been
of great assistance at such times, in using the sweeps, as well as afterward in
fishing -- but, somehow, although we ran the risk ourselves, we had not the heart
to let the young ones get into the danger -- for, after all is said and done, it was a
horrible danger, and that is the truth.
“It is now within a few days of three years since what I am going to tell you
occurred. It was on the tenth day of July, 18-, a day which the people of this part
of the world will never forget -- for it was one in which blew the most terrible
hurricane that ever came out of the heavens. And yet all the morning, and
indeed until late in the afternoon, there was a gentle and steady breeze from the
south-west, while the sun shone brightly, so that the oldest seaman among us
could not have foreseen what was to follow.
“The three of us -- my two brothers and myself -- had crossed over to the
islands about two o’clock P.M., and had soon nearly loaded the smack with fine
fish, which, we all remarked, were more plenty that day than we had ever
known them. It was just seven, by my watch, when we weighed and started for
home, so as to make the worst of the Ström at slack water, which we knew would
be at eight.
“We set out with a fresh wind on our starboard quarter, and for some time
spanked along at a great rate, never dreaming of danger, for indeed we saw not
the slightest reason to apprehend it. All at once we were taken aback by a breeze

aback: 깜짝 놀라다, 당하다, 돛이
거꾸로, 뒤로, 후방으로, 돛이 역풍을
받고.
afterward: 나중에, 그 후, 뒤에.
apprehend: 우려하다, 체포하다,
이해다다, 붙잡다, 염려하다,
이해하다, 깨닫다, 감지하다-
이해하다, 감지하다.
brightly: 환하게, 밝게.
eldest: 가장나이많은, 가장 나이 많은.
gauntlet: 긴 장갑, 태형, 혹평을 받다,
Korean
손가리개, 곤틀릿 궤도, 목이 긴 장갑. starboard: 우현으로 돌리다, 우현,
hurricane: 폭풍, 열대의 구풍, 폭팔, 진로를 오른쪽으로 잡다, 우현의,
허리케인 전투기, 격렬. 우현쪽의.
innumerable: 무수한, 셀수 없는, 이루 stout: 뚱뚱한, 튼튼한, 용감한, 살찐,
셀 수 없는. 흑맥주, 억센, 비만형의 옷, 끄떡도
loaded: 탄알을 잰, 감정적이 된, 납을 않는, 독한, 스타우트.
박은, 짐실은, 취한, 화약을잰, 의미 tenth: 운량 단위 기수, 열번째로,
심장한, 다른 것을 섞은, 만취한, 열번째의 것, 열번째의 사람, 제 10,
박은, 술 따위 다른 것을 섞은. 제십, 제십의.
luck: 행운, 불행히도, 운, 불운. unmanageable: 다루기 힘든,
seaman: 뱃사람, 수병, 항해자, 선원. 제어하기 어려운.
 Edgar Allan Poe 45

from over Helseggen. This was most unusual -- something that had never
happened to us before -- and I began to feel a little uneasy, without exactly
knowing why. We put the boat on the wind, but could make no headway at all
for the eddies, and I was upon the point of proposing to return to the anchorage,
when, looking astern, we saw the whole horizon covered with a singular copper-
colored cloud that rose with the most amazing velocity.%
“In the meantime the breeze that had headed us off fell away, and we were
dead becalmed, drifting about in every direction. This state of things, however,
did not last long enough to give us time to think about it. In less than a minute
the storm was upon us -- in less than two the sky was entirely overcast -- and
what with this and the driving spray, it became suddenly so dark that we could
not see each other in the smack.
“Such a hurricane as then blew it is folly to attempt describing. The oldest
seaman in Norway never experienced any thing like it. We had let our sails go by
the run before it cleverly took us; but, at the first puff, both our masts went by
the board as if they had been sawed off -- the mainmast taking with it my
youngest brother, who had lashed himself to it for safety.
“Our boat was the lightest feather of a thing that ever sat upon water. It had a
complete flush deck, with only a small hatch near the bow, and this hatch it had
always been our custom to batten down when about to cross the Ström, by way
of precaution against the chopping seas. But for this circumstance we should
have foundered at once -- for we lay entirely buried for some moments. How my
elder brother escaped destruction I cannot say, for I never had an opportunity of
ascertaining. For my part, as soon as I had let the foresail run, I threw myself flat
on deck, with my feet against the narrow gunwale of the bow, and with my
hands grasping a ring-bolt near the foot of the fore-mast. It was mere instinct
that prompted me to do this -- which was undoubtedly the very best thing I
could have done -- for I was too much flurried to think.
“For some moments we were completely deluged, as I say, and all this time I
held my breath, and clung to the bolt. When I could stand it no longer I raised
myself upon my knees, still keeping hold with my hands, and thus got my head

Korean
astern: 고물에, 뒤에. 교묘하게. 속도, 간격.
batten: 작은 절빤지, 살찌게하다, 많이 copper-colored: 구리빛의. knees: 무릎.
먹다, 마루청을 깔다, 먹이다, 좁은 flurried: 혼란한, 당황한, 동요한. lashed: 속눈썹이 있는, 속눈썹이 ...한.
널, 좁은 널을 붙이다, 잔뜩 먹다, foresail: 앞돛대, 큰돛, 앞돛. mainmast: 큰 돛대, 메인마스트.
바디. grasping: 붙잡는, 쥐는, 잡는, overcast: 흐린, 흐려지다, 어두워지다,
chopping: 찍기, 크고 튼튼한, 탐욕스러운, 구두쇠의, 남욕스러운. 어두운, 음침한, 어둡게 하다,
깎아치기, 벌목한 공지, 썰기, gunwale: 현연, 뱃전의 위 끝. 구름으로 덮다, 흐린 날씨, 구름으로
삼각파가 이는, 자르기, 삼각파 hatch: 부화, 음영, 까다, 해치, 수문, 뒤덮다, 감치다, 하늘이 흐린.
가이는. 창구, 승강구, 깨다, 꾸며지다, 한 배, precaution: 경계, 예방책, 조심.
cleverly: 완전히, 영리하게, 잘, 아래짝 문. uneasy: 불안한, 걱정되는, 거북한,
실수없이, 솜씨좋게, 솜씨 있게, headway: 전진, 천정 높이, 진척, 배의 어색한.
46 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

clear. %Presently our little boat gave herself a shake, just as a dog does in coming
out of the water, and thus rid herself, in some measure, of the seas. I was now
trying to get the better of the stupor that had come over me, and to collect my
senses so as to see what was to be done, when I felt somebody grasp my arm. It
was my elder brother, and my heart leaped for joy, for I had made sure that he
was overboard -- but the next moment all this joy was turned into horror -- for he
put his mouth close to my ear, and screamed out the word ‘Moskoe-ström!’
“No one ever will know what my feelings were at that moment. I shook from
head to foot as if I had had the most violent fit of the ague. I knew what he meant
by that one word well enough -- I knew what he wished to make me understand.
With the wind that now drove us on, we were bound for the whirl of the Ström,
and nothing could save us!
“You perceive that in crossing the Ström channel, we always went a long way
up above the whirl, even in the calmest weather, and then had to wait and watch
carefully for the slack -- but now we were driving right upon the pool itself, and
in such a hurricane as this! ‘To be sure,’ I thought, ‘we shall get there just about
the slack -- there is some little hope in that’ -- but in the next moment I cursed
myself for being so great a fool as to dream of hope at all. I knew very well that
we were doomed, had we been ten times a ninety-gun ship.
“By this time the first fury of the tempest had spent itself, or perhaps we did
not feel it so much, as we scudded before it, but at all events the seas, which at
first had been kept down by the wind, and lay flat and frothing, now got up into
absolute mountains. A singular change, too, had come over the heavens. Around
in every direction it was still as black as pitch, but nearly overhead there burst
out, all at once, a circular rift of clear sky -- as clear as I ever saw -- and of a deep
bright blue -- and through it there blazed forth the full moon with a lustre that I
never before knew her to wear. She lit up every thing about us with the greatest
distinctness -- but, oh God, what a scene it was to light up!
“I now made one or two attempts to speak to my brother -- but, in some
manner which I could not understand, the din had so increased that I could not
make him hear a single word, although I screamed at the top of my voice in his

ague: 오한, 학질.
cursed: 저주할, 심술궂은, 저주스러움,
심술통, 지겨운, 심사 사나운,
저부받은, 천벌받은, 지긋지긋한,
가증스러운, 저주 받은.
din: 소음, 뇌고 되뇌이다, 소음이
나다, 소음으로 멍멍하게 하다, 귀를
멍멍하게 하다, 울리다.
distinctness: 특수성.
doomed: 운이 다한, 불운한.
fury: 격노, 격렬, 표독한 여자,
Korean
표독한여자, 복수의 여신의 하나,
표독스러운 계집.
lustre: 광택, 윤기를 내는 재료, 천
따위에 광택을 내다, 광택을 내다,
또기 따위에 광택을 내다, 빛나다.
overboard: 배 밖으로.
overhead: 머리 위의, 전반적인,
경상비, 위층에, 고가의, 상공에,
위로, 총경비, 일반의, 간접비, 라켓을
사용하는 경기의 머리 위에서
내려치는 타구.
perceive: 지각하다, 이해하다,
알아채다, 인식하다.
presently: 현재, 이내, 목하, 곧,
이윽고, 얼마 안되어, 곧바로.
rift: 균열, 가르다, 금, 갈라지다, 틈,
뻐개진 틈, 열극, 쪼개다, 쪼개지다,
찢다, 갈라진 데.
stupor: 무감각, 혼수, 망연.
tempest: 대소동, 사나운비바람,
폭풍우, 대폭풍우, 대폭설, 몹시
사나워지게 하다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 47

ear. %Presently he shook his head, looking as pale as death, and held up one of
his finger, as if to say ’listen! ‘
“At first I could not make out what he meant -- but soon a hideous thought
flashed upon me. I dragged my watch from its fob. It was not going. I glanced at
its face by the moonlight, and then burst into tears as I flung it far away into the
ocean. It had run down at seven o’clock! We were behind the time of the slack, and the
whirl of the Ström was in full fury!
“When a boat is well built, properly trimmed, and not deep laden, the waves
in a strong gale, when she is going large, seem always to slip from beneath her --
which appears very strange to a landsman -- and this is what is called riding, in
sea phrase. Well, so far we had ridden the swells very cleverly; but presently a
gigantic sea happened to take us right under the counter, and bore us with it as it
rose -- up -- up -- as if into the sky. I would not have believed that any wave
could rise so high. And then down we came with a sweep, a slide, and a plunge,
that made me feel sick and dizzy, as if I was falling from some lofty mountain-
top in a dream. But while we were up I had thrown a quick glance around -- and
that one glance was all sufficient. I saw our exact position in an instant. The
Moskoe-Ström whirlpool was about a quarter of a mile dead ahead -- but no
more like the every-day Moskoe-Ström, than the whirl as you now see it is like a
mill-race. If I had not known where we were, and what we had to expect, I
should not have recognised the place at all. As it was, I involuntarily closed my
eyes in horror. The lids clenched themselves together as if in a spasm.
“It could not have been more than two minutes afterward until we suddenly
felt the waves subside, and were enveloped in foam. The boat made a sharp half
turn to larboard, and then shot off in its new direction like a thunderbolt. At the
same moment the roaring noise of the water was completely drowned in a kind
of shrill shriek -- such a sound as you might imagine given out by the waste-
pipes of many thousand steam-vessels, letting off their steam all together. We
were now in the belt of surf that always surrounds the whirl; and I thought, of
course, that another moment would plunge us into the abyss -- down which we
could only see indistinctly on account of the amazing velocity with which we

Korean
dizzy: 당혹케하다, 어질어질한, 부지불식간에, 마지못해, 본의
현기증나는, 현기증나게하다, 현기증 아니면서, 본의 아니게.
나는, 지각 없는, 마음이 들떠, 현기증 laden: 실린, 고민하는, 괴로워하는,
나게 하다, 어지러울 정도의. 짐을 실은.
fob: 속이다, 바지의 시계 주머니, landsman: 육상 생활자, 풋내기 선원,
바지의시계주머니, 시계줄, 시계 육상생활자, 풋내기 뱃사람.
리본, 시계줄에 다는 조그마한 larboard: 좌현.
장식물, 시계끈, 시계 등을 넣는 roaring: 떠들썩한, 포효, 활발한,
조그마한 주머니, 본선 인도. 으르렁거림, 술마시며 떠드는, 소리,
indistinctly: 불명료한, 불명료하게. 경기가 좋은, 굉음, 극도로, 노호하는,
involuntarily: 저도 모르게, 굉굉히 울리는.
shrill: 새된 소리로, 강렬한, 날카로운
소리, 날카롭게, 높은 소리로, 새된
목소리, 새된 목소리로 말하다, 새된
목소리로, 날카로운 소리를 내다,
날카로운, 과장된.
spasm: 경련, 발작.
subside: 가라앉다, 침전하다,
잠잠해지다, 삐다, 내려앉다, 앉다,
빠지다.
thunderbolt: 벼락, 청천 병력, 뇌전,
성미가 벼락 같은 사람, 번개.
48 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

wore borne along. The boat did not seem to sink into the water at all, but to skim
like an air-bubble upon the surface of the surge. Her starboard side was next the
whirl, and on the larboard arose the world of ocean we had left. It stood like a
huge writhing wall between us and the horizon.%
“It may appear strange, but now, when we were in the very jaws of the gulf, I
felt more composed than when we were only approaching it. Having made up
my mind to hope no more, I got rid of a great deal of that terror which
unmanned me at first. I suppose it was despair that strung my nerves.
“It may look like boasting -- but what I tell you is truth -- I began to reflect
how magnificent a thing it was to die in such a manner, and how foolish it was in
me to think of so paltry a consideration as my own individual life, in view of so
wonderful a manifestation of God’s power. I do believe that I blushed with
shame when this idea crossed my mind. After a little while I became possessed
with the keenest curiosity about the whirl itself. I positively felt a wish to explore
its depths, even at the sacrifice I was going to make; and my principal grief was
that I should never be able to tell my old companions on shore about the
mysteries I should see. These, no doubt, were singular fancies to occupy a man’s
mind in such extremity -- and I have often thought since, that the revolutions of
the boat around the pool might have rendered me a little light-headed.
“There was another circumstance which tended to restore my self-
possession; and this was the cessation of the wind, which could not reach us in
our present situation -- for, as you saw yourself, the belt of surf is considerably
lower than the general bed of the ocean, and this latter now towered above us, a
high, black, mountainous ridge. If you have never been at sea in a heavy gale,
you can form no idea of the confusion of mind occasioned by the wind and spray
together. They blind, deafen, and strangle you, and take away all power of
action or reflection. But we were now, in a great measure, rid of these
annoyances -- just us death-condemned felons in prison are allowed petty
indulgences, forbidden them while their doom is yet uncertain.
“How often we made the circuit of the belt it is impossible to say. We
careered round and round for perhaps an hour, flying rather than floating,

Korean
boasting: 자랑하는, 자랑, 거만. 죽음, 파멸, 최후의 심판, 재판,
cessation: 중지, 정지, 중단, 휴지. 판정하다, 법령.
circumstance: 환경, 사정, 사건, forbidden: 금지된, 금단의.
부수적인 일, 상황, 처지, 사실, jaws: 입 부분, 좁다란 입구.
의식에 구애됨, 사태, 부대사항, light-headed: 머리가 핑핑 도는.
어마어마함. manifestation: 표명, 명시, 정견 발표.
deafen: 귀먹게 하다, 큰 소리를 mountainous: 산이 많은, 산더미
줄이다, 귀머거리로 만들다, 들리지 같은, 산지의, 산과 같은.
않게 하다, 방음 장치를 하다, 귀가 paltry: 하찮은, 무가치한, 얼마 안
들리지 않게 하다. 되는, 보잘 것없는.
doom: 운명짓다, 운명, 선고하다, self-possession: 냉정, 유연, 침착.
skim: 스쳐 지나가다, 로 덮이다,
미끄러져 나가다, 대충 훑어 읽다,
떠내다, 그물, 의 노른자위를 빼내다,
그물 국자, 엷은 층으로 덮다,
웃더껑이, 웃더껑이의 제거.
strangle: 교살하다, 억압하다,
질식시키다.
towered: 탑이 있는.
unmanned: 무인의, 승무원이 없는,
승무원이 타지 않은, 거세된, 사람이
없는, 주민이 없는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 49

getting%gradually more and more into the middle of the surge, and then nearer
and nearer to its horrible inner edge. All this time I had never let go of the ring-
bolt. My brother was at the stern, holding on to a small empty water-cask which
had been securely lashed under the coop of the counter, and was the only thing
on deck that had not been swept overboard when the gale first took us. As we
approached the brink of the pit he let go his hold upon this, and made for the
ring, from which, in the agony of his terror, he endeavored to force my hands, as
it was not large enough to afford us both a secure grasp. I never felt deeper grief
than when I saw him attempt this act -- although I knew he was a madman when
he did it -- a raving maniac through sheer fright. I did not care, however, to
contest the point with him. I knew it could make no difference whether either of
us held on at all; so I let him have the bolt, and went astern to the cask. This there
was no great difficulty in doing; for the smack flew round steadily enough, and
upon an even keel -- only swaying to and fro, with the immense sweeps and
swelters of the whirl. Scarcely had I secured myself in my new position, when we
gave a wild lurch to starboard, and rushed headlong into the abyss. I muttered a
hurried prayer to God, and thought all was over.
“As I felt the sickening sweep of the descent, I had instinctively tightened my
hold upon the barrel, and closed my eyes. For some seconds I dared not open
them -- while I expected instant destruction, and wondered that I was not
already in my death-struggles with the water. But moment after moment
elapsed. I still lived. The sense of falling had ceased; and the motion of the vessel
seemed much as it had been before, while in the belt of foam, with the exception
that she now lay more along. I took courage, and looked once again upon the
scene.
“Never shall I forget the sensations of awe, horror, and admiration with
which I gazed about me. The boat appeared to be hanging, as if by magic,
midway down, upon the interior surface of a funnel vast in circumference,
prodigious in depth, and whose perfectly smooth sides might have been
mistaken for ebony, but for the bewildering rapidity with which they spun
around, and for the gleaming and ghastly radiance they shot forth, as the rays of

Korean
cask: 통, 통에 넣다, 한통의 분량, lurch: 비틀거림, 경향, 경사, 대패, 차 눈.얼굴의 빛, 방열.
물통, 한통. 따위가 갑자기 기울기, 상대를 러치로 raving: 굉장한, 헛소리, 광란, 대단한,
coop: 닭장, 우리에 넣다, 비좁고 이기다, 배 따위가 갑자기 기울기, 대단히, 노호, 헛소리하는, 헛소리를
갑갑한 곳, 가두어 놓다, 우리, 가리, 궁상, 갑자기 기울기, 러치로 이기다, 하는, 미쳐날뛰는, 광란의, 광란하는.
닭장에 가두다, 비좁은 곳에 가두다, 갑자기 기울다. securely: 안전히 하다, 안전한,
소비조합매점, 감옥. madman: 미친 사람, 광인. 보증하다, 단단히 잠그다, 보험에
keel: 배, 용골, 졸도하다, 전복시키다, maniac: 미친, 미친 사람, 미치광이, 들다, 붙들어 매다, 확신하는, 구하다,
용골 별자리, 사람 등을 넘어뜨리다, 미친 광이, 광란의. 가두다, 획득하다, 튼튼한.
배를 뒤집어엎다, 뒤집히다, midway: 중도의, 복도, 통로, sickening: 병나게 하는, 지겨운,
뒤집어엎다, 넘어뜨리다, 배가 오락장거리, 중간쯤에, 중도에. 메스꺼운, 구역질나게 하는,
뒤집히다. radiance: 광휘, 빛남, 광채, 발광, 욕지기나게 하는.
50 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

the full moon, from that circular rift amid the clouds which I have already
described, streamed in a flood of golden glory along the black walls, and far
away down into the inmost recesses of the abyss.%
“At first I was too much confused to observe anything accurately. The
general burst of terrific grandeur was all that I beheld. When I recovered myself
a little, however, my gaze fell instinctively downward. In this direction I was
able to obtain an unobstructed view, from the manner in which the smack hung
on the inclined surface of the pool. She was quite upon an even keel -- that is to
say, her deck lay in a plane parallel with that of the water -- but this latter sloped
at an angle of more than forty-five degrees, so that we seemed to be lying upon
our beam-ends. I could not help observing, nevertheless, that I had scarcely more
difficulty in maintaining my hold and footing in this situation, than if we had
been upon a dead level; and this, I suppose, was owing to the speed at which we
revolved.
“The rays of the moon seemed to search the very bottom of the profound
gulf; but still I could make out nothing distinctly, on account of a thick mist in
which everything there was enveloped, and over which there hung a magnificent
rainbow, like that narrow and tottering bridge which Mussulmen say is the only
pathway between Time and Eternity. This mist, or spray, was no doubt
occasioned by the clashing of the great walls of the funnel, as they all met
together at the bottom -- but the yell that went up to the Heavens from out of
that mist, I dare not attempt to describe.
“Our first slide into the abyss itself, from the belt of foam above, had carried
us a great distance down the slope; but our farther descent was by no means
proportionate. Round and round we swept -- not with any uniform movement --
but in dizzying swings and jerks, that sent us sometimes only a few hundred
yards -- sometimes nearly the complete circuit of the whirl. Our progress
downward, at each revolution, was slow, but very perceptible.
“Looking about me upon the wide waste of liquid ebony on which we were
thus borne, I perceived that our boat was not the only object in the embrace of
the whirl. Both above and below us were visible fragments of vessels, large

Korean
beam-ends: 진퇴양난이 되어, 가로 구슬땀을 흘리다. perceptible: 지각 할 수 있는, 인지할
들보의 끝. footing: 지위, 발밑, 편제, 입장, 스텝 수 있는, 지각할 수 있는.
downward: 아래쪽으로, 내려가는, 밟기, 확고한 지반, 정원, 발판, 합계, proportionate: 균형잡힌, 비례한, 균형
이후, 이래, 쇠잔하여, 쇠미한, 관계, 기초. 잡히게 하다, 어울리게 하다.
내리받이의, 이후의, 아래쪽으로의, grandeur: 장관, 위대, 화려, 장엄, yell: 아우성치다, 큰소리로 외치다,
쇠퇴하여, 아래로 향한. 웅대, 성대, 고귀, 장려. 포복 절도하다, 폭소하다, 찢어지는
foam: 거품, 바다, 거품을 일게 하다, inmost: 맨 안쪽의, 가장 깊은, 마음 듯한 소리를 내다, 소리치다,
거품을 내뿜다, 거품이 일다, 거품을 깊은곳의, 깊이 간직한, 마음 깊이 큰소리를 지르다, 자기 편 선수
내뿜으며 화내다, 거품을 일으키며 간직한, 내심의, 가장 깊숙한 곳의, 응원의 일정한 함성, 응원에서 …에게
흘러가다, 거품을 일으키며 흘러들다, 가장 깊은속의. 일정한 함성을 보내다, 외침, 외쳐
거품이 인 땀, 거품 이는 바다, pathway: 오솔길, 좁은길, 길, 좁은 길. 말하다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 51

masses of building timber and trunks of trees, with many smaller articles, such
as pieces of house furniture, broken boxes, barrels and staves. I have already
described the unnatural curiosity which had taken the place of my original
terrors. It appeared to grow upon me as I drew nearer and nearer to my dreadful
doom. I now began to watch, with a strange interest, the numerous things that
floated in our company. I must have been delirious -- for I even sought
amusement in speculating upon the relative velocities of their several descents
toward the foam below. ‘This fir tree,’ I found myself at one time saying, ‘will
certainly be the next thing that takes the awful plunge and disappears,’ -- and
then I was disappointed to find that the wreck of a Dutch merchant ship
overtook it and went down before. At length, after making several guesses of this
nature, and being deceived in all -- this fact -- the fact of my invariable
miscalculation -- set me upon a train of reflection that made my limbs again
tremble, and my heart beat heavily once more.%
“It was not a new terror that thus affected me, but the dawn of a more
exciting hope. This hope arose partly from memory, and partly from present
observation. I called to mind the great variety of buoyant matter that strewed the
coast of Lofoden, having been absorbed and then thrown forth by the Moskoe-
ström. By far the greater number of the articles were shattered in the most
extraordinary way -- so chafed and roughened as to have the appearance of
being stuck full of splinters -- but then I distinctly recollected that there were
some of them which were not disfigured at all. Now I could not account for this
difference except by supposing that the roughened fragments were the only ones
which had been completely absorbed -- that the others had entered the whirl at so
late a period of the tide, or, for some reason, had descended so slowly after
entering, that they did not reach the bottom before the turn of the flood came, or
of the ebb, as the case might be. I conceived it possible, in either instance, that
they might thus be whirled up again to the level of the ocean, without
undergoing the fate of those which had been drawn in more early, or absorbed
more rapidly. I made, also, three important observations. The first was, that, as a
general rule, the larger the bodies were, the more rapid their descent -- the
second, that, between two masses of equal extent, the one spherical, and the

Korean
amusement: 즐거움, 위안, 오락, fir: 전나무, 그 재목, 소나무, 전나무
재미로 하는 것, 재미. 재목.
buoyant: 오름세의, 경쾌한, masses: 다수.
부력이있는, 부양성이 있는, 부력이 plunge: 돌진, 돌진하다, 다이빙하다,
있는, 탄력이 있는, 시세가 기미의, 던져넣다, 뒷질하다, 뛰어들다, 말이
오를 기미의. 뒷다리를 들고 뛰어오르다, 찌르다,
deceived: 사기하는. 배의 뒷질, 큰 도박을 하다, 어떤
delirious: 황홀한, 무아경의, 정신 상다태로 몰아 넣다-뛰어들다.
착란의, 헛소리하는, 헛소리를 하는. recollected: 냉정한, 침착한, 추억의,
disfigured: 의 외관을 손상하는. 차분한, 묵상에 잠긴, 생각난.
distinctly: 뚜렷하게, 명백하게. spherical: 구의, 구형의, 구면의.
trunks: 트렁크스.
unnatural: 부자연한, 보통이아닌,
인도에 어긋나는, 이상한, 몰인정한,
자연적인 인정에 배치되는, 자연적인
본성에 배치되는, 자연적인 천성에
배치되는, 꾸민 티가 나는.
wreck: 난파, 잔해, 난파시키다,
파괴하다, 난파선, 난파하다,
난파선을 구조하다, 파멸, 파괴,
영락한 사람, 난파선을 구조하러
가다.
52 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

other of any other shape, the superiority in speed of descent was with the sphere --
the third, that, between two masses of equal size, the one cylindrical, and the
other of any other shape, the cylinder was absorbed the more slowly. Since my
escape, I have had several conversations on this subject with an old school-
master of the district; and it was from him that I learned the use of the words
‘cylinder’ and ‘sphere.’ He explained to me -- although I have forgotten the
explanation -- how what I observed was, in fact, the natural consequence of the
forms of the floating fragments -- and showed me how it happened that a
cylinder, swimming in a vortex, offered more resistance to its suction, and was
drawn in with greater difficulty than an equally bulky body, of any form
whatever.%
“There was one startling circumstance which went a great way in enforcing
these observations, and rendering me anxious to turn them to account, and this
was that, at every revolution, we passed something like a barrel, or else the yard
or the mast of a vessel, while many of these things, which had been on our level
when I first opened my eyes upon the wonders of the whirlpool, were now high
up above us, and seemed to have moved but little from their original station.
“I no longer hesitated what to do. I resolved to lash myself securely to the
water cask upon which I now held, to cut it loose from the counter, and to throw
myself with it into the water. I attracted my brother’s attention by signs, pointed
to the floating barrels that came near us, and did everything in my power to
make him understand what I was about to do. I thought at length that he
comprehended my design -- but, whether this was the case or not, he shook his
head despairingly, and refused to move from his station by the ring-bolt. It was
impossible to reach him; the emergency admitted of no delay; and so, with a
bitter struggle, I resigned him to his fate, fastened myself to the cask by means of
the lashings which secured it to the counter, and precipitated myself with it into
the sea, without another moment’s hesitation.
“The result was precisely what I had hoped it might be. As it is myself who
now tell you this tale -- as you see that I did escape -- and as you are already in
possession of the mode in which this escape was effected, and must therefore

Korean
absorbed: 열중한, 마음을 빼앗긴, cylindrical: 원통모양의, 원주 모양의,
흡수된, 병합된, 여념 없는. 원통의.
barrel: 통, 한 베럴, 통 모양의 것- despairingly: 절망적으로, 가망 없게,
통에 담다, 포신, 한 통, 통에 채우다, 자포자기로.
중배가 불룩한 통, 통에 담다, 통에 floating: 유동하는, 떠있는, 부동하는,
넣다, 한 배럴, 캡스턴의 동부. 부동적인, 변동하는, 부동, 부유,
bulky: 거대한, 부피가 큰, 유리성의, 해상에 있는, 떠 있는.
다루기힘든, 부피가큰, 다루기 힘든. hesitation: 주저, 망설임.
cylinder: 원통, 실린더, 원주, 회전통, lash: 채찍질하다, 세차게 움직이다,
봄베, 탄창, 원통형의 석인, 통, 비난, 챗열, 채찍질, 빈정댐, 비꼼,
윤전기, 기관의실린더, 온수탱크. 충격, 부딪치다, 빈정대다, 묶다.
lashings: 많음.
mast: 돛대, 마스트, 도토리,
평수부로서, 기둥, 돛대를 세우다,
떡갈나무 따위의 열매, 너도밤나무
따위의 열매, 모양의 기둥, 밤나무
따위의 열매.
rendering: 번역, 표현, 연주, 연출,
반환, 정제, 초벌칠, 교부, 인도,
번역문, 묘사.
startling: 놀랄 만한, 기겁하게 하는.
superiority: 우월, 우세.
 Edgar Allan Poe 53

anticipate%all that I have farther to say -- I will bring my story quickly to

conclusion. It might have been an hour, or thereabout, after my quitting the
smack, when, having descended to a vast distance beneath me, it made three or
four wild gyrations in rapid succession, and, bearing my loved brother with it,
plunged headlong, at once and forever, into the chaos of foam below. The barrel
to which I was attached sunk very little farther than half the distance between
the bottom of the gulf and the spot at which I leaped overboard, before a great
change took place in the character of the whirlpool. The slope of the sides of the
vast funnel became momently less and less steep. The gyrations of the whirl
grew, gradually, less and less violent. By degrees, the froth and the rainbow
disappeared, and the bottom of the gulf seemed slowly to uprise. The sky was
clear, the winds had gone down, and the full moon was setting radiantly in the
west, when I found myself on the surface of the ocean, in full view of the shores
of Lofoden, and above the spot where the pool of the Moskoe-ström had been. It
was the hour of the slack -- but the sea still heaved in mountainous waves from
the effects of the hurricane. I was borne violently into the channel of the Ström,
and in a few minutes was hurried down the coast into the ‘grounds’ of the
fishermen. A boat picked me up -- exhausted from fatigue -- and (now that the
danger was removed) speechless from the memory of its horror. Those who
drew me on board were my old mates and daily companions -- but they knew
me no more than they would have known a traveller from the spirit-land. My
hair which had been raven-black the day before, was as white as you see it now.
They say too that the whole expression of my countenance had changed. I told
them my story -- they did not believe it. I now tell it to you -- and I can scarcely
expect you to put more faith in it than did the merry fishermen of Lofoden.”

Korean
countenance: 원조, 장려하다, 호의를 공허. 무지개의.
보이다, 침착, 표정, 승인하다, gulf: 만, 심연, 화방수, 큰 간격, sunk: 침몰된, 물밑의, 움푹한.
허용하다, 찬조, 찬성하다, 찬성, 소용돌이, 깊은 구멍, 소용 돌이, 보통 thereabout: 그 근처에, 대략, 그
지지. 급제. 무렵에, 그 당시, 쯤, 그쯤, 그부근에,
fatigue: 피로, 약화시키다, 사역, 노역, merry: 즐거운, 명랑한, 유쾌한, 그분근처에, 그분근에.
금속의약화, 지치게 하다, 작업복, 거나한, 흥겨운, 거나하게 취한 uprise: 일어서다, 증대하다,
노동, 약화, 작업. 기분의. 오르막이되다, 오르다, 오르막, 상승,
froth: 거품, 시시한것, 거품을 뿜다, momently: 각 일각, 시시각각, 즉시, 떠오르다, 발생, 반란을 일으키다,
거품을 일으키다, 쓸데없는얘기, 지금이라도, 순간적으로. 치받이, 폭동을 일으키다.
쓸데없는 얘기, 거품을일으키다, radiantly: 기쁘게, 밝게, 빛나게. violently: 맹렬하게, 격렬히, 세차게,
거품을 일게 하다, 거품을 내뿜다, rainbow: 무지개, 덧없는 희망, 심하게, 난폭하게, 폭력적으로.
54 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

VON KEMPELEN AND

HIS DISCOVERY

After%the very minute and elaborate paper by Arago, to say nothing of the
summary in ‘Silliman’s Journal,’ with the detailed statement just published by
Lieutenant Maury, it will not be supposed, of course, that in offering a few
hurried remarks in reference to Von Kempelen’s discovery, I have any design to
look at the subject in a scientific point of view. My object is simply, in the first
place, to say a few words of Von Kempelen himself (with whom, some years ago,
I had the honor of a slight personal acquaintance), since every thing which
concerns him must necessarily, at this moment, be of interest; and, in the second
place, to look in a general way, and speculatively, at the results of the discovery.
It may be as well, however, to premise the cursory observations which I have
to offer, by denying, very decidedly, what seems to be a general impression
(gleaned, as usual in a case of this kind, from the newspapers), viz.: that this
discovery, astounding as it unquestionably is, is unanticipated.
By reference to the ‘Diary of Sir Humphrey Davy’, it will be seen at pp. 53
and 82, that this illustrious chemist had not only conceived the idea now in
question, but had actually made no inconsiderable progress, experimentally, in
the very identical analysis now so triumphantly brought to an issue by Von
Kempelen, who although he makes not the slightest allusion to it, is, without

Korean
allusion: 암시, 변죽 울림, 약간의 수속, 줄거리의 전개.
언급, 인유. elaborate: 공들인, 면밀하게, 면밀한,
astounding: 몹시 놀라게 하는, 아주 퇴고하다, 애써서 만들어내다,
대단한, 어안이 벙벙하게 하는, 깜짝 힘들인, 정성들여, 정교해지다, 애써
놀라게 할. 만들다, 동화하다, 갈고 닦다.
chemist: 화학자, 약제사, 약종상, experimentally: 실험적으로, 실험상.
약사. inconsiderable: 사소한, 중요치 않은,
cursory: 서두르는, 엉성한, 하찮은, 중요하지 않은.
소홀한피상적인, 마구잡이의, 조잡한. premise: 전제, 구내, 전술한 사항,
detailed: 상세한. 미리 말하다, 전제로 하다, 집, 전기
discovery: 발견물, 발견, 발표 요구 재산, 전치하다, 앞서 한 말, 기술
사항, 가옥.
slight: 경멸, 근소한, 약한, 얕보다,
적은, 훌쭉한, 가냘픈, 모자라는,
하찮은, 경시하다, 조금도.
speculatively: 사색적인, 순이론적인,
위험을 내포한, 투기의.
summary: 약식의, 요약, 개략의,
간결한, 적요, 즉결의, 요약한, 일람,
총괄적.
triumphantly: 기고 만장하여, 의기
양양하여, 의기양양하여.
 Edgar Allan Poe 55

doubt (I say it unhesitatingly, and can prove it, if required), indebted to the
‘Diary’ for at least the first hint of his own undertaking.%
The paragraph from the ‘Courier and Enquirer,’ which is now going the
rounds of the press, and which purports to claim the invention for a Mr. Kissam,
of Brunswick, Maine, appears to me, I confess, a little apocryphal, for several
reasons; although there is nothing either impossible or very improbable in the
statement made. I need not go into details. My opinion of the paragraph is
founded principally upon its manner. It does not look true. Persons who are
narrating facts, are seldom so particular as Mr. Kissam seems to be, about day
and date and precise location. Besides, if Mr. Kissam actually did come upon the
discovery he says he did, at the period designated -- nearly eight years ago --
how happens it that he took no steps, on the instant, to reap the immense
benefits which the merest bumpkin must have known would have resulted to
him individually, if not to the world at large, from the discovery? It seems to me
quite incredible that any man of common understanding could have discovered
what Mr. Kissam says he did, and yet have subsequently acted so like a baby --
so like an owl -- as Mr. Kissam admits that he did. By-the-way, who is Mr.
Kissam? and is not the whole paragraph in the ‘Courier and Enquirer’ a
fabrication got up to ‘make a talk’? It must be confessed that it has an amazingly
moon-hoaxy-air. Very little dependence is to be placed upon it, in my humble
opinion; and if I were not well aware, from experience, how very easily men of
science are mystified, on points out of their usual range of inquiry, I should be
profoundly astonished at finding so eminent a chemist as Professor Draper,
discussing Mr. Kissam’s (or is it Mr. Quizzem’s?) pretensions to the discovery, in
so serious a tone.
But to return to the ‘Diary’ of Sir Humphrey Davy. This pamphlet was not
designed for the public eye, even upon the decease of the writer, as any person at
all conversant with authorship may satisfy himself at once by the slightest
inspection of the style. At page 13, for example, near the middle, we read, in
reference to his researches about the protoxide of azote: ‘In less than half a
minute the respiration being continued, diminished gradually and were

amazingly: 놀랄이만큼, 기막힐
정도로.
apocryphal: 출처가 의심스러운,
경외전의, 외경의.
authorship: 저작자임, 원작자, 저술업,
출처, 근원, 저자.
azote: 질소.
bumpkin: 시골뜨기, 범프킨.
confess: 자인하다, 자백하다, 고해를
듣다, 고해하다, 참회하다, 고백하다,
자공하다, 공언하다.
Korean
confessed: 정평있는, 명백한, 인정된,
인정받은, 자인한.
decease: 사망, 사망하다, 죽은.
diminished: 감소된, 권위가 떨어진,
반음 줄인, 감손된.
fabrication: 제작, 구성, 위조, 거짓말,
꾸며낸 것, 조립, 위조문서, 구조물,
거짓, 지어낸 일, 위조물.
improbable: 참말 같지 않은, 정말
같지 않은, 일어날 듯하지 않은,
일어날 법하지 않은, 일어날 성싶지
않은, 있을 성싶지 않은.
pamphlet: 팸플릿, 팸플릿을 쓰는
사람, 소논문.
protoxide: 초급 산화물.
reap: 베다, 획득하다, 베어들이다,
수확하다, 받다, 얻다, 거두다, 보답
따위를 받다.
respiration: 호흡, 호흡작용, 단숨,
한번 숨쉼.
unhesitatingly: 민활하게, 주저하지
않고, 우물쭈물하지 않고.
56 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

succeeded%by analogous to gentle pressure on all the muscles.’ That the

respiration was not ‘diminished,’ is not only clear by the subsequent context, but
by the use of the plural, ‘were.’ The sentence, no doubt, was thus intended: ‘In
less than half a minute, the respiration [being continued, these feelings]
diminished gradually, and were succeeded by [a sensation] analogous to gentle
pressure on all the muscles.’ A hundred similar instances go to show that the MS.
so inconsiderately published, was merely a rough note-book, meant only for the
writer’s own eye, but an inspection of the pamphlet will convince almost any
thinking person of the truth of my suggestion. The fact is, Sir Humphrey Davy
was about the last man in the world to commit himself on scientific topics. Not
only had he a more than ordinary dislike to quackery, but he was morbidly
afraid of appearing empirical; so that, however fully he might have been
convinced that he was on the right track in the matter now in question, he would
never have spoken out, until he had every thing ready for the most practical
demonstration. I verily believe that his last moments would have been rendered
wretched, could he have suspected that his wishes in regard to burning this
‘Diary’ (full of crude speculations) would have been unattended to; as, it seems,
they were. I say ‘his wishes,’ for that he meant to include this note-book among
the miscellaneous papers directed ‘to be burnt,’ I think there can be no manner
of doubt. Whether it escaped the flames by good fortune or by bad, yet remains
to be seen. That the passages quoted above, with the other similar ones referred
to, gave Von Kempelen the hint, I do not in the slightest degree question; but I
repeat, it yet remains to be seen whether this momentous discovery itself
(momentous under any circumstances) will be of service or disservice to
mankind at large. That Von Kempelen and his immediate friends will reap a rich
harvest, it would be folly to doubt for a moment. They will scarcely be so weak
as not to ‘realize,’ in time, by large purchases of houses and land, with other
property of intrinsic value.
In the brief account of Von Kempelen which appeared in the ‘Home Journal,’
and has since been extensively copied, several misapprehensions of the German
original seem to have been made by the translator, who professes to have taken
the passage from a late number of the Presburg ‘Schnellpost.’ ‘Viele’ has

Korean
convince: 확신시키다, 납득시키다, miscellaneous: 잡다한, 가지가지의, translator: 역자, 수리인, 번역자, 자동
수긍하게하다. 잡동사니의, 다방면의, 여러 가지 중계기, 통역, 번역 루틴, 자동중계기,
dislike: 싫어하다, 혐오, 미워하다, 잡다한, 여러 가지 잡다한 것으로 된, 번역루틴.
증오, 싫어함. 잡다하게 뒤섞인. unattended: 치료를 받지 않은,
disservice: 학대, 박해, 위해, 해. momentous: 중대한, 중요한, 지극히 방치된, 수행원이 없는, 돌봄을 받지
extensively: 널리, 광범위하게, 중대한, 지극히 중요한. 않은, 수반하지 않은, 출석자가 적은,
광범하게, 넓게. morbidly: 병적으로, 불건전하게. 출석자가 없는, 참가자가 적은,
inconsiderately: 무분별한, 동정심 note-book: 수첩. 참가자가 없는.
없는. plural: 복수, 복수형, 복수의. verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로.
intrinsic: 본질적인, 고유의, 실제의, quackery: 엉터리 치료, 사기꾼 같은 wretched: 나쁜, 불운한, 지독한,
내재하는, 본래 갖추어진. 짓. 비참한, 야비한, 아주 불쾌한, 서툰.
 Edgar Allan Poe 57

evidently been misconceived (as it often is), and what the translator renders by
‘sorrows,’ is probably ‘lieden,’ which, in its true version, ‘sufferings,’ would give
a totally different complexion to the whole account; but, of course, much of this
is merely guess, on my part.%
Von Kempelen, however, is by no means ‘a misanthrope,’ in appearance, at
least, whatever he may be in fact. My acquaintance with him was casual
altogether; and I am scarcely warranted in saying that I know him at all; but to
have seen and conversed with a man of so prodigious a notoriety as he has
attained, or will attain in a few days, is not a small matter, as times go.
‘The Literary World’ speaks of him, confidently, as a native of Presburg
(misled, perhaps, by the account in ‘The Home Journal’) but I am pleased in
being able to state positively, since I have it from his own lips, that he was born
in Utica, in the State of New York, although both his parents, I believe, are of
Presburg descent. The family is connected, in some way, with Maelzel, of
Automaton-chess-player memory. In person, he is short and stout, with large, fat,
blue eyes, sandy hair and whiskers, a wide but pleasing mouth, fine teeth, and I
think a Roman nose. There is some defect in one of his feet. His address is frank,
and his whole manner noticeable for bonhomie. Altogether, he looks, speaks,
and acts as little like ‘a misanthrope’ as any man I ever saw. We were fellow-
sojouners for a week about six years ago, at Earl’s Hotel, in Providence, Rhode
Island; and I presume that I conversed with him, at various times, for some three
or four hours altogether. His principal topics were those of the day, and nothing
that fell from him led me to suspect his scientific attainments. He left the hotel
before me, intending to go to New York, and thence to Bremen; it was in the
latter city that his great discovery was first made public; or, rather, it was there
that he was first suspected of having made it. This is about all that I personally
know of the now immortal Von Kempelen; but I have thought that even these
few details would have interest for the public.
There can be little question that most of the marvellous rumors afloat about
this affair are pure inventions, entitled to about as much credit as the story of
Aladdin’s lamp; and yet, in a case of this kind, as in the case of the discoveries in

Korean
afloat: 떠서, 해상에, 퍼져, 유통되어, 살갗. 명성이 사라지지 않는 사람.
범람하여, 떠돌아, 수면과 거의 같은 confidently: 대담하게, 자신 있게, intending: 미래의.지망하는.
높이로, 행상에, 퍼져서, 침수하여, 자신만만하게, 확신하여, 확신을 misanthrope: 염세가, 인간혐오가,
유통하여. 갖고. 사람을 싫어하는 사람.
attain: 달성하다, 도달하다, 이루다, descent: 내리받이, 상속, 하강, 가계, notoriety: 평판, 악명, 악명높은 사람,
이르다, 결혼하다, 붙어있다, 내리받이 길, 강하, 가문, 급습, 세습, 유명한 사람, 화제의 인물,
첨부하다. 한 세대, 혈통. 유명화제의 인물, 보통 나쁜 뜻의
attainments: 학식. immortal: 영원한, 신의, 죽지 않는, 평판.
bonhomie: 혼용, 붙임성, 온후, 쾌활. 불후의, 불사의, 죽지 않느 사람, pleasing: 유쾌한, 만족한, 붙임성
complexion: 안색, 외관, 형세, 모양, 불후의 명성이 있는 사람, 불멸의 있는.
양상, 형편, 혈색, 얼굴빛, 얼굴의 불후의, 죽지않는 사람, 불멸의, whiskers: 구레나룻.
58 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

California, it is clear that the truth may be stranger than fiction. The following
anecdote, at least, is so well authenticated, that we may receive it implicitly.%
Von Kempelen had never been even tolerably well off during his residence at
Bremen; and often, it was well known, he had been put to extreme shifts in order
to raise trifling sums. When the great excitement occurred about the forgery on
the house of Gutsmuth & Co., suspicion was directed toward Von Kempelen, on
account of his having purchased a considerable property in Gasperitch Lane, and
his refusing, when questioned, to explain how he became possessed of the
purchase money. He was at length arrested, but nothing decisive appearing
against him, was in the end set at liberty. The police, however, kept a strict watch
upon his movements, and thus discovered that he left home frequently, taking
always the same road, and invariably giving his watchers the slip in the
neighborhood of that labyrinth of narrow and crooked passages known by the
flash name of the ‘Dondergat.’ Finally, by dint of great perseverance, they traced
him to a garret in an old house of seven stories, in an alley called Flatzplatz, --
and, coming upon him suddenly, found him, as they imagined, in the midst of
his counterfeiting operations. His agitation is represented as so excessive that the
officers had not the slightest doubt of his guilt. After hand-cuffing him, they
searched his room, or rather rooms, for it appears he occupied all the mansarde.
Opening into the garret where they caught him, was a closet, ten feet by
eight, fitted up with some chemical apparatus, of which the object has not yet
been ascertained. In one corner of the closet was a very small furnace, with a
glowing fire in it, and on the fire a kind of duplicate crucible -- two crucibles
connected by a tube. One of these crucibles was nearly full of lead in a state of
fusion, but not reaching up to the aperture of the tube, which was close to the
brim. The other crucible had some liquid in it, which, as the officers entered,
seemed to be furiously dissipating in vapor. They relate that, on finding himself
taken, Kempelen seized the crucibles with both hands (which were encased in
gloves that afterwards turned out to be asbestic), and threw the contents on the
tiled floor. It was now that they hand-cuffed him; and before proceeding to
ransack the premises they searched his person, but nothing unusual was found

anecdote: 일화, 기담, 비사.
aperture: 구멍, 뻐끔히 벌어진데,
렌즈의 구경, 틈새, 틈.
brim: 가장자리, 양테, 가득채우다,
넘치다, 그릇의 가장자리, 가득 붓다.
closet: 벽장, 사실, 비밀의, 변소, 작은
방, 비실제적인, 변기, 밀담시키다,
들어박히다, 들어박혀 있다, 다락장.
crucible: 도가니, 가혹한 시련.
duplicate: 복제의, 복사하다, 부본,
사본, 이중의, 한쌍의, 부의, 물표,
Korean
정부 두통으로 하다, 이중으로 하다,
복제.
forgery: 위조, 위조 문서, 문서 위조,
위조 화폐, 위조 도장, 위조 작품.
garret: 다락방, 머리, 제일윗층, 초라한
작은 방, 고미다락.
labyrinth: 미궁, 미로, 복잡한관계,
내이, 라비린토스, 분규.
neighborhood: 근처, 지방, 약, 인근,
이웃, 지역, 자네근처의,
이웃사람들주위, 이웃의, 이웃간의
정의, 이웃 사람들.
perseverance: 인내, 참을성 있는,
고집, 궁극적 구원.
ransack: 샅샅이 뒤지다, 약탈하다,
기억을 더듬다, 면밀히 조사하다,
빼앗다, 들추다, 생각해 내려고
애쓰다, 찾아헤매다.
tolerably: 참을성 있게, 참을 수 있을
정도로.
trifling: 하찮은, 경박한, 시시한,
사소한, 게으른.
 Edgar Allan Poe 59

about him, excepting a paper parcel, in his coat-pocket, containing what was
afterward ascertained to be a mixture of antimony and some unknown
substance, in nearly, but not quite, equal proportions. All attempts at analyzing
the unknown substance have, so far, failed, but that it will ultimately be
analyzed, is not to be doubted.%
Passing out of the closet with their prisoner, the officers went through a sort
of ante-chamber, in which nothing material was found, to the chemist’s sleeping-
room. They here rummaged some drawers and boxes, but discovered only a few
papers, of no importance, and some good coin, silver and gold. At length,
looking under the bed, they saw a large, common hair trunk, without hinges,
hasp, or lock, and with the top lying carelessly across the bottom portion. Upon
attempting to draw this trunk out from under the bed, they found that, with their
united strength (there were three of them, all powerful men), they ‘could not stir
it one inch.’ Much astonished at this, one of them crawled under the bed, and
looking into the trunk, said:
‘No wonder we couldn’t move it -- why it’s full to the brim of old bits of
brass!’
Putting his feet, now, against the wall so as to get a good purchase, and
pushing with all his force, while his companions pulled with an theirs, the trunk,
with much difficulty, was slid out from under the bed, and its contents
examined. The supposed brass with which it was filled was all in small, smooth
pieces, varying from the size of a pea to that of a dollar; but the pieces were
irregular in shape, although more or less flat-looking, upon the whole, ‘very
much as lead looks when thrown upon the ground in a molten state, and there
suffered to grow cool.’ Now, not one of these officers for a moment suspected
this metal to be any thing but brass. The idea of its being gold never entered their
brains, of course; how could such a wild fancy have entered it? And their
astonishment may be well conceived, when the next day it became known, all
over Bremen, that the ‘lot of brass’ which they had carted so contemptuously to
the police office, without putting themselves to the trouble of pocketing the
smallest scrap, was not only gold -- real gold -- but gold far finer than any

antimony: 안티몬, 안티모니.
brass: 놋쇠, 금관악기, 철면피,
고급장교, 금전, 놋그릇, 창녀,
놋쇠빛, 축받이, 뻔뻔스러움, 돈.
drawers: 드로어즈, 팬츠, 속바지,
속옷.
excepting: 말고는, 을 제외하면, 을
빼고, -을 빼고, 을 제외하고.
hasp: 걸쇠, 실타래, 방추, 고리.
irregular: 불규칙한, 변칙적인, 반칙의,
고르지않은, 갖추지 못한, 고르지
Korean
못한, 비정규군, 규격에 맞지 않는 파쇠, 작은 조각, 파편, 부스러기로
상품, 규율없는, 규율이 없는, 난잡한. 하다, 주먹다짐하다, 쇠부스러기,
molten: 주조된, 녹은, 특히 금속 따위 싸움꾼, 잡동사니.
녹은. stir: 활동, 움직이다, 움직임, 휘젓다,
pea: 완두, 완두콩 비슷한 식물, 콩, 뒤섞다, 흥분, 찌르기, 휘젓기,
푸른 완두, 완두 같은, 완두의. 유통하다, 흥분시키다, 활동하다.
portion: 운명, 분배하다, 부분, 몫, theirs: 그들의 것.
상속재산, 일인분, 배당으로 주다, trunk: 트렁크, 줄기, 주요한, 간선,
배당, 남에게 분여 재산을 주다, 중계선, 몸통, 코, 주요부, 본체,
분할하다, 인분. 트렁크스, 전화 중계회선.
scrap: 오려낸 것, 폐기하다, 폐물, varying: 변화하는, 바뀌는.
60 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

employed in coinage-gold, in fact, absolutely pure, virgin, without the slightest

appreciable alloy.%
I need not go over the details of Von Kempelen’s confession (as far as it
went) and release, for these are familiar to the public. That he has actually
realized, in spirit and in effect, if not to the letter, the old chimaera of the
philosopher’s stone, no sane person is at liberty to doubt. The opinions of Arago
are, of course, entitled to the greatest consideration; but he is by no means
infallible; and what he says of bismuth, in his report to the Academy, must be
taken cum grano salis. The simple truth is, that up to this period all analysis has
failed; and until Von Kempelen chooses to let us have the key to his own
published enigma, it is more than probable that the matter will remain, for years,
in statu quo. All that as yet can fairly be said to be known is, that ‘Pure gold can
be made at will, and very readily from lead in connection with certain other
substances, in kind and in proportions, unknown.’
Speculation, of course, is busy as to the immediate and ultimate results of this
discovery -- a discovery which few thinking persons will hesitate in referring to
an increased interest in the matter of gold generally, by the late developments in
California; and this reflection brings us inevitably to another -- the exceeding
inopportuneness of Von Kempelen’s analysis. If many were prevented from
adventuring to California, by the mere apprehension that gold would so
materially diminish in value, on account of its plentifulness in the mines there,
as to render the speculation of going so far in search of it a doubtful one -- what
impression will be wrought now, upon the minds of those about to emigrate,
and especially upon the minds of those actually in the mineral region, by the
announcement of this astounding discovery of Von Kempelen? a discovery
which declares, in so many words, that beyond its intrinsic worth for
manufacturing purposes (whatever that worth may be), gold now is, or at least
soon will be (for it cannot be supposed that Von Kempelen can long retain his
secret), of no greater value than lead, and of far inferior value to silver. It is,
indeed, exceedingly difficult to speculate prospectively upon the consequences
of the discovery, but one thing may be positively maintained -- that the

appreciable: 다소의, 느낄 수 있을
정도의, 평가할 수 있는, 감지할 수
있을 정도의.
apprehension: 이해력, 우려, 체포,
두려움, 파악, 이해, 걱정.
bismuth: 창연.
confession: 자백, 고해, 고백, 고백서,
자인, 신앙고백, 구술서.
cum: 딸린의 뜻, 와 함께, 이 붙은.
diminish: 줄이다, 감소시키다, 줄다.
emigrate: 이주하다.
Korean
enigma: 수수께끼, 수수께끼의 인물, 후배, 하등의, 열등한 사람, 하급품,
불가해안 사물. 하급의, 이하위의, 열등한, 밑에 붙은.
exceeding: 대단한, 굉장한, 엄청난, materially: 실질적으로, 대단히, 크게,
과도한. 물질적으로, 질료적으로, 현저하게,
hesitate: 주저하다, 망설이다. 물유적으로, 실리적으로.
infallible: 반드시 일어나는, 절대 sane: 제정신의, 합리적인, 분별이
확실한, 오류가 없는, 전혀 오류가 있는, 건전한.
없는, 전혀 잘못이 없는, 절대적으로 speculate: 추측하다, 사색하다, 투기를
확실한, 틀리는 일이 없는, 전혀 하다, 의 부기를 하다, 투기하다.
틀림이 없는. wrought: 만든, 세공한, 가공한, 꾸민,
inferior: 하위의, 하급자, 손아랫사람, 두들겨 만든.
 Edgar Allan Poe 61

announcement of the discovery six months ago would have had material
influence in regard to the settlement of California.%
In Europe, as yet, the most noticeable results have been a rise of two
hundred per cent. in the price of lead, and nearly twenty-five per cent. that of
silver.

Korean
announcement: 발표, 청첩장, 짧게 material: 물질적인, 원료, 중요한, rise: 일어나다, 떠오르다, 오르다,
알리는 말, 공고, 가진 패를 보이기. 자료, 육체적인, 실질적인, 요소, 감, 기원, 증대, 상승, 향상하다, 출세,
cent: 센트, 백, 동전 한닢, 푼돈, 동전 제재, 제재. ---용구, 옷감. 등귀, 일어서다, 소생.
한 닢의 값어치, 동전 한 닢. nearly: 거의, 밀접하게, 가까스로, settlement: 해결, 이민, 수여, 부락,
influence: 영향, 세력, 감화력, 정성들여, 가까이에 접근하여, 결말, 인보사업단, 침전, 생활의 안정,
좌우하다, 유도, 감응력, 움직이다, 꼼꼼하게, 대략, 간신히, 아주, 왕위 계승령, 청산, 세틀먼트.
감화를 주다, 작용, 위력, 영향을 긴밀하게, 정밀하게. silver: 은, 은의, 은화, 은을 입히다,
미치다. noticeable: 주목할 만한, 두드러진, 은으로 만든, 은그릇, 은도금 하다,
lead: 납, 도선, 측연, 선도, 지내다, 중요한, 현저한, 눈에 띄는 현저한, 질산은, 질산은을 칠하다, 은실, 은
안내하다, 우세, 거느리다, 통하다, 눈에 띄는, 남의 눈을 끄는, 남의 같은.
지휘, 지침. 이목을 끄는.
62 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

MESMERIC REVELATION

Whatever%doubt may still envelop the rationale of mesmerism, its startling

facts are now almost universally admitted. Of these latter, those who doubt, are
your mere doubters by profession -- an unprofitable and disreputable tribe.
There can be no more absolute waste of time than the attempt to prove, at the
present day, that man, by mere exercise of will, can so impress his fellow, as to
cast him into an abnormal condition, of which the phenomena resemble very
closely those of death, or at least resemble them more nearly than they do the
phenomena of any other normal condition within our cognizance; that, while in
this state, the person so impressed employs only with effort, and then feebly, the
external organs of sense, yet perceives, with keenly refined perception, and
through channels supposed unknown, matters beyond the scope of the physical
organs; that, moreover, his intellectual faculties are wonderfully exalted and
invigorated; that his sympathies with the person so impressing him are
profound; and, finally, that his susceptibility to the impression increases with its
frequency, while, in the same proportion, the peculiar phenomena elicited are
more extended and more pronounced.
I say that these -- which are the laws of mesmerism in its general features -- it
would be supererogation to demonstrate; nor shall I inflict upon my readers so
needless a demonstration; to-day. My purpose at present is a very different one
indeed. I am impelled, even in the teeth of a world of prejudice, to detail without
Korean
abnormal: 변태의, 이상의, 비정상인, 걸다, 매혹시키다, 최면술, 사람을 근무하기, 여공.
비정상의, 변칙의. 황흘케 하는 매력. tribe: 종족, 부족, 족, 패거리, 대가족,
cognizance: 심리, 인식 범위, 기장, needless: 불필요한, 쓸데없는. 이스라엘 12지파의 하나, 다수의
인식, 인지, 재판권, 지각, 문장. rationale: 이론적 해석, 근본적인 사람, 다수의 동물.
disreputable: 평판이 나쁜, 이유, 이론적 근거. universally: 도처에, 보편적으로,
불명예스러운, 평판이 좋지 않은, refined: 세련된, 우아한, 미묘한, 널리, 일반적으로, 예외 없이,
보기 싫은. 정제된, 정확한, 정련한, 정교한, 전칭적으로.
envelop: 싸다, 포위하다, 봉하다. 엄정한, 정묘한, 품위있는, 정제한. unprofitable: 무익한, 이익 없는,
feebly: 무기력하게, 나약하게. resemble: 닮다, 와 비슷하다, 을 닮다, 이익이 없는.
keenly: 예민하게, 날카롭게. 을 ...에 비기다. wonderfully: 이상하게, 훌륭하게,
mesmerism: 홀리게 하다, 최면술을 supererogation: 의무 이상으로 이상하게도.
 Edgar Allan Poe 63

comment the very remarkable substance of a colloquy, occurring between a

sleep-waker and myself.%
I had been long in the habit of mesmerizing the person in question, (Mr.
Vankirk,) and the usual acute susceptibility and exaltation of the mesmeric
perception had supervened. For many months he had been laboring under
confirmed phthisis, the more distressing effects of which had been relieved by
my manipulations; and on the night of Wednesday, the fifteenth instant, I was
summoned to his bedside.
The invalid was suffering with acute pain in the region of the heart, and
breathed with great difficulty, having all the ordinary symptoms of asthma. In
spasms such as these he had usually found relief from the application of mustard
to the nervous centres, but to-night this had been attempted in vain.
As I entered his room he greeted me with a cheerful smile, and although
evidently in much bodily pain, appeared to be, mentally, quite at ease.
“I sent for you to-night,” he said, “not so much to administer to my bodily
ailment, as to satisfy me concerning certain psychal impressions which, of late,
have occasioned me much anxiety and surprise. I need not tell you how sceptical
I have hitherto been on the topic of the soul’s immortality. I cannot deny that
there has always existed, as if in that very soul which I have been denying, a
vague half-sentiment of its own existence. But this half-sentiment at no time
amounted to conviction. With it my reason had nothing to do. All attempts at
logical inquiry resulted, indeed, in leaving me more sceptical than before. I had
been advised to study Cousin. I studied him in his own works as well as in those
of his European and American echoes. The ‘Charles Elwood’ of Mr. Brownson,
for example, was placed in my hands. I read it with profound attention.
Throughout I found it logical, but the portions which were not merely logical
were unhappily the initial arguments of the disbelieving hero of the book. In his
summing up it seemed evident to me that the reasoner had not even succeeded
in convincing himself. His end had plainly forgotten his beginning, like the
government of Trinculo. In short, I was not long in perceiving that if man is to
be intellectually convinced of his own immortality, he will never be so

administer: 타격을 주다, 치료를 하다,
처리하다, 시행하다, 관리하다.
ailment: 병, 불쾌, 우환, 가벼운 질병.
asthma: 천식.
bedside: 머리맡, 침대곁, 침대곁의,
배겟머리의, 배겟머리, 침대결,
환자의 머리맡, 침대.
colloquy: 담화, 회화, 대화, 회담,
자유토의, 정식의 담화.
distressing: 비참한, 괴롭히는,
괴로움을 주는.
Korean
exaltation: 승진, 높임, 항진,
의기양양.
fifteenth: 제 십오의, 제 십오, 열
다섯분의 하나의, 열 다섯분의, 제
십오 번째의, 열 다섯도 음정, 열
다섯도, 열 다섯번째.
immortality: 불사, 불후, 불멸, 불후의
명성, 영속성, 영원한 생명.
intellectually: 지력으로.
invalid: 병약한, 병약자, 병자, 무효의,
병약자 취급을 받다, 병약하게 되다,
병약자로서 면제하다, 병약하게 하다,
상병으로 현역에서 제대하다, 상이
군인 명부에 기입하다, 허약한.
laboring: 노동하는, 노동에 종사하는.
mesmeric: 최면의, 사람을 황흘케
하는, 최면술의.
mesmerizing: 매력적.
mustard: 겨자, 갓, 겨자의.
phthisis: 폐결핵, 천식, 폐결핵의.
unhappily: 비참하게, 운나쁘게,
불행하게, 불행히, 유감스럽게도.
64 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

convinced by the mere abstractions which have been so long the fashion of the
moralists of England, of France, and of Germany. Abstractions may amuse and
exercise, but take no hold on the mind. Here upon earth, at least, philosophy, I
am persuaded, will always in vain call upon us to look upon qualities as things.
The will may assent -- the soul -- the intellect, never.%
“I repeat, then, that I only half felt, and never intellectually believed. But
latterly there has been a certain deepening of the feeling, until it has come so
nearly to resemble the acquiescence of reason, that I find it difficult to
distinguish between the two. I am enabled, too, plainly to trace this effect to the
mesmeric influence. I cannot better explain my meaning than by the hypothesis
that the mesmeric exaltation enables me to perceive a train of ratiocination
which, in my abnormal existence, convinces, but which, in full accordance with
the mesmeric phenomena, does not extend, except through its effect, into my
normal condition. In sleep-waking, the reasoning and its conclusion -- the cause
and its effect -- are present together. In my natural state, the cause vanishing, the
effect only, and perhaps only partially, remains.
“These considerations have led me to think that some good results might
ensue from a series of well-directed questions propounded to me while
mesmerized. You have often observed the profound self-cognizance evinced by
the sleep-waker -- the extensive knowledge he displays upon all points relating
to the mesmeric condition itself; and from this self-cognizance may be deduced
hints for the proper conduct of a catechism.”
I consented of course to make this experiment. A few passes threw Mr.
Vankirk into the mesmeric sleep. His breathing became immediately more easy,
and he seemed to suffer no physical uneasiness. The following conversation then
ensued:
V. in the dialogue representing the patient, and P. myself.

P. Are you asleep?

V. Yes -- no I would rather sleep more soundly.

Korean
acquiescence: 묵낙, 동의, 묵종. 교환, 대화체, 대화하다, 대화체의 hypothesis: 가정, 가설.
amuse: 위안하다, 즐겁게, 즐겁게하다, 작품. latterly: 요즈음.
재미있게하다, 쁘게 하다, 분 전환을 distinguish: 구별하다, 분류하다, partially: 불공평하게, 부분적으로,
하다, 즐겁게 하다. 분간하다, 두르러지가하다, 수훈을 편파적으로, 충분치못하게, 일부분은.
assent: 동의하다, 승낙하다, 동의, 세우다, 이름을 떨치다, 구별이 되다, phenomena: 현상의 복수형.
인정하다, 찬성하다. 구별하는, 판별하다, 두드러지게 ratiocination: 추리, 추론.
breathing: 호흡, 동경, 발성, 열망, 하다, 식별하다. soundly: 충분히, 건전한, 확실한,
휴식, 미풍, 부동, 숨쉬는, 숨쉬는 ensue: 계속해서일어나다, 을 찾다, 합리적인, 철저한, 강하지않은,
동안, 숨을 불어넣음, 호흡법. 뒤이어 일어 나다, 의 결과로서 안전한, 건전하게.
convinced: 확신을 가진, 신념이 있는. 일어나다, 을 구하다. uneasiness: 불안, 거북함, 걱정, 불쾌,
dialogue: 대화, 문답, 대화 부분, 의견 experiment: 실험하다, 실험, 시험. 불유쾌.
 Edgar Allan Poe 65

P. [After a few more passes.] Do you sleep now?

V. Yes.%
P. How do you think your present illness will result?
V. [After a long hesitation and speaking as if with effort.] I must die.
P. Does the idea of death afflict you?
V. [Very quickly.] No -- no!
P. Are you pleased with the prospect?
V. If I were awake I should like to die, but now it is no matter. The
mesmeric condition is so near death as to content me.
P. I wish you would explain yourself, Mr. Vankirk.
V. I am willing to do so, but it requires more effort than I feel able to
make. You do not question me properly.
P. What then shall I ask?
V. You must begin at the beginning.
P. The beginning! but where is the beginning?
V. You know that the beginning is GOD. [This was said in a low,
fluctuating tone, and with every sign of the most profound veneration.]
P. What then is God?
V. [Hesitating for many minutes.] I cannot tell.
P. Is not God spirit?
V. While I was awake I knew what you meant by “spirit,” but now it
seems only a word -- such for instance as truth, beauty -- a quality, I
mean.
P. Is not God immaterial?
V. There is no immateriality -- it is a mere word. That which is not
matter, is not at all -- unless qualities are things.
P. Is God, then, material?

Korean
afflict: 괴롭히다. 않은, 영적인중요치 않은, 영적인,
awake: 깨우다, 일으키다, 깨다, 보잘것없는, 하찮은, 실체없는,
깨닫다, 방심 않는, 잘 알아채서, 물질이 아닌.
깨어서, 자각시키다-눈뜨다, immateriality: 비물질성, 비실체성,
자각시키다, 눈뜨다, 분기하다- 비중요성, 비물질적인것, 실체없는,
깨어서. 중요하지 않음.
fluctuating: 변동이 있는, 동요하는, instance: 경우, 보기로 들다, 소송, 예,
오르내리는. 권고, 권유, 실례, 시사, 제의,
illness: 병. 보기실례, 부탁.
immaterial: 비물질적인, 무형의, mere: 호수, 단순한, 에 불과한, 못,
정신상의, 중요하지 않은, 중요치 명색뿐인, 에 지나지 않는, 전적인
호수.
pleased: 기뻐하는, 만족한.
prospect: 예상, 시굴하다, 조망, 경치,
가망, 기대, 시험하다, 단골이 될 듯한
손님, 단골이 될 듯한 손님-찾다,
답사하다, 전망.
tone: 어조, 색조, 가락을 붙이다, 음질,
품격, 가락, 가락이 붙다, 강하게
하다, 호조, 논조, 조화시키다.
willing: 기꺼이 ...하는, 자진해서
하는, 마침 잘된, 자발적인.
66 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

V. No. [This reply startled me very much.]

P. What then is he?
V. [After a long pause, and mutteringly.] I see -- but it is a thing difficult to
tell. [Another long pause.] He is not spirit, for he exists. Nor is he
matter, as you understand it. But there are gradations of matter of
which man knows nothing; the grosser impelling the finer, the finer
pervading the grosser. The atmosphere, for example, impels the
electric principle, while the electric principle permeates the
atmosphere. These gradations of matter increase in rarity or
fineness, until we arrive at a matter unparticled -- without particles --
indivisible -- one and here the law of impulsion and permeation is
modified. The ultimate, or unparticled matter, not only permeates all
things but impels all things -- and thus is all things within itself. This
matter is God. What men attempt to embody in the word “thought,”
is this matter in motion.%
P. The metaphysicians maintain that all action is reducible to motion
and thinking, and that the latter is the origin of the former.
V. Yes; and I now see the confusion of idea. Motion is the action of mind
-- not of thinking. The unparticled matter, or God, in quiescence, is
(as nearly as we can conceive it) what men call mind. And the power
of self-movement (equivalent in effect to human volition) is, in the
unparticled matter, the result of its unity and omniprevalence; how I
know not, and now clearly see that I shall never know. But the
unparticled matter, set in motion by a law, or quality, existing within
itself, is thinking.
P. Can you give me no more precise idea of what you term the
unparticled matter?
V. The matters of which man is cognizant, escape the senses in
gradation. We have, for example, a metal, a piece of wood, a drop of
water, the atmosphere, a gas, caloric, electricity, the luminiferous
ether. Now we call all these things matter, and embrace all matter in
Korean
caloric: 열, 열의, 열소, 칼로리의. 정교함, 순도, 정확함, 순수. 나눌 수 없는.
cognizant: 인식하고 있는, 알고 있는, gradation: 모음 전환, 등급 매기기, luminiferous: 빛을 발하는, 빛나는.
인식하여. 순위, 순서, 단계, 변화, 바림, 점충법, permeation: 보급, 충만, 침투.
embody: 구체화하다, 포함하다, 형체 순서를 매김. quiescence: 정지, 무활동, 정적, 침묵,
있는 것으로 만들다, 형체를 gradations: 순서. 묵음자임.
부여하다, 구체적으로 표현하다, impulsion: 충동, 자극, 추진, rarity: 희박, 진품, 드묾, 진귀, 진기.
일체화하다, 통합하다, 합체시키다, 순간적인 동기, 원동력, 충격. reducible: 줄일 수 있는, 할인할 수
형태를 부여하다. indivisible: 분할할 수 없는, 있는, 축소할 만한, 줄이할 수 있는.
ether: 하늘, 에테르, 정기, 라디오. 불가분의, 극소량, 극미분자, 나눌수 startled: 놀란.
fineness: 아름다움, 훌륭함, 우량, 없는, 나뉘어 떨어지지 않는, volition: 의지, 결의, 의욕, 의지력,
섬세, 순수도, 섬세함, 예민함, 분할할수 없는것, 분할할 수 없는 것, 선택, 의지의 작용, 의지 작용.
 Edgar Allan Poe 67

one%general definition; but in spite of this, there can be no two ideas

more essentially distinct than that which we attach to a metal, and
that which we attach to the luminiferous ether. When we reach the
latter, we feel an almost irresistible inclination to class it with spirit,
or with nihility. The only consideration which restrains us is our
conception of its atomic constitution; and here, even, we have to seek
aid from our notion of an atom, as something possessing in infinite
minuteness, solidity, palpability, weight. Destroy the idea of the
atomic constitution and we should no longer be able to regard the
ether as an entity, or at least as matter. For want of a better word we
might term it spirit. Take, now, a step beyond the luminiferous ether
-- conceive a matter as much more rare than the ether, as this ether is
more rare than the metal, and we arrive at once (in spite of all the
school dogmas) at a unique mass -- an unparticled matter. For
although we may admit infinite littleness in the atoms themselves,
the infinitude of littleness in the spaces between them is an
absurdity. There will be a point -- there will be a degree of rarity, at
which, if the atoms are sufficiently numerous, the interspaces must
vanish, and the mass absolutely coalesce. But the consideration of
the atomic constitution being now taken away, the nature of the mass
inevitably glides into what we conceive of spirit. It is clear, however,
that it is as fully matter as before. The truth is, it is impossible to
conceive spirit, since it is impossible to imagine what is not. When
we flatter ourselves that we have formed its conception, we have
merely deceived our understanding by the consideration of infinitely
rarified matter.
P. There seems to me an insurmountable objection to the idea of
absolute coalescence; -- and that is the very slight resistance
experienced by the heavenly bodies in their revolutions through
space -- a resistance now ascertained, it is true, to exist in some
degree, but which is, nevertheless, so slight as to have been quite
overlooked by the sagacity even of Newton. We know that the

Korean
absurdity: 부조리한, 엉터리없는 일, 천부의, 거룩한, 근사한, 타고난, 못하게 하는.
불합리, 어리석은 일. 천국의, 멋진, 천국과 같이. littleness: 작음, 인색, 조금, 옹졸,
coalesce: 합체하다, 유착하다, infinitude: 무수한, 무한, 무궁, 쩨쩨함, 근소.
합동하다, 연합하다. 무한한, 무한한 수량. nihility: 무, 허무, 허무 무가치,
coalescence: 합병, 합체, 병합, 연합, insurmountable: 넘을 수 없는, 무가치한 것.
유착, 제휴, 합동. 능가할수 없는, 이겨내기 어려운, palpability: 감지할 수 있는, 명백함,
conceive: 상상하다, 임신하다, 배다, 극복할 수 없는. 만져 볼 수 있음.
이해하다, 마음에 품다, 착상하다, irresistible: 저항할 수 없는, sagacity: 현명, 총명.
마음에품다, 말로표현하다, 라고 불문곡직의, 좋다 할수없는, 제어할 vanish: 사라지다, 영이되다,
생각하다, 생각하다, 생각해 내다. 수 없는, 억누를수 없는, 사람을 소멸하다, 없어지다, 영이 되다, 소음,
heavenly: 하늘의, 천국 같은, 훌륭한, 녹이는싫다, 누를 수 없는, 꼼짝 희미해지다, 보이지 않게 하다.
68 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

resistance of bodies is, chiefly, in proportion to their density.

Absolute coalescence is absolute density. Where there are no
interspaces, there can be no yielding. An ether, absolutely dense,
would put an infinitely more effectual stop to the progress of a star
than would an ether of adamant or of iron.%
V. Your objection is answered with an ease which is nearly in the ratio
of its apparent unanswerability. -- As regards the progress of the
star, it can make no difference whether the star passes through the
ether or the ether through it. There is no astronomical error more
unaccountable than that which reconciles the known retardation of
the comets with the idea of their passage through an ether: for,
however rare this ether be supposed, it would put a stop to all
sidereal revolution in a very far briefer period than has been
admitted by those astronomers who have endeavored to slur over a
point which they found it impossible to comprehend. The
retardation actually experienced is, on the other hand, about that
which might be expected from the friction of the ether in the
instantaneous passage through the orb. In the one case, the
retarding force is momentary and complete within itself -- in the
other it is endlessly accumulative.
P. But in all this -- in this identification of mere matter with God -- is
there nothing of irreverence? [I was forced to repeat this question before
the sleep-waker fully comprehended my meaning.]
V. Can you say why matter should be less reverenced than mind? But
you forget that the matter of which I speak is, in all respects, the very
“mind” or “spirit” of the schools, so far as regards its high capacities,
and is, moreover, the “matter” of these schools at the same time.
God, with all the powers attributed to spirit, is but the perfection of
matter.
P. You assert, then, that the unparticled matter, in motion, is thought?

accumulative: 쌓인, 모인, 축적하는.
adamant: 대단히 단단한, 의지가
견고한, 견고 무비한, 단호한, 지지
않고.
astronomical: 천문학적인,
천문학상의, 거대한, 기록적인,
천문의.
effectual: 효과적인, 유력한, 유효한.
friction: 마찰, 불화, 마찰의.
instantaneous: 동시에 일어나는,
순간의, 도시적, 그순간의, 즉석의,
Korean
즉시의, 즉시일어나는. 성좌의, 항성으로 측정된.
irreverence: 불손, 불손한 언행, slur: 또렷치 않은 연속 발음, 연결
비례의, 불경한, 불경. 기호, 소홀히하다, 분명치 않게 계속
momentary: 순간의, 찰나의, 말하다, 모욕하다, 모욕, 대충
순간적인, 시시각각의. 훑어보다, 계속해서 연주하다, 중상,
orb: 천체, 구체, 구, 눈알, 세계, 안구, 눈감아주다, 가볍게 다루다.
눈, 공 모양으로 하다, 보주. yielding: 순종하는, 구부러지기 쉬운,
retardation: 감속도, 지연, 방해, 하라는대로, 생산적인, 고분고분한,
방해물, 지체량, 지능발달의 지연, 굽기 쉬운, 굽힐 수 있는, 감화를 받기
지능 발달의 지연, 저지. 쉬운, 하라는 대로 하는, 영향을 받기
sidereal: 별의, 항성의, 별자리의, 쉬운, 모양을 바꿀 수 있는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 69

V. In general, this motion is the universal thought of the universal

mind. This thought creates. All created things are but the thoughts
of God.%
P. You say, “in general.”
V. Yes. The universal mind is God. For new individualities, matter is
necessary.
P. But you now speak of “mind” and “matter” as do the
metaphysicians.
V. Yes -- to avoid confusion. When I say “mind,” I mean the
unparticled or ultimate matter; by “matter,” I intend all else.
P. You were saying that “for new individualities matter is necessary.”
V. Yes; for mind, existing unincorporate, is merely God. To create
individual, thinking beings, it was necessary to incarnate portions of
the divine mind. Thus man is individualized. Divested of corporate
investiture, he were God. Now, the particular motion of the
incarnated portions of the unparticled matter is the thought of man;
as the motion of the whole is that of God.
P. You say that divested of the body man will be God?
V. [After much hesitation.] I could not have said this; it is an absurdity.
P. [Referring to my notes.] You did say that “divested of corporate
investiture man were God.”
V. And this is true. Man thus divested would be God -- would be
unindividualized. But he can never be thus divested -- at least never
will be -- else we must imagine an action of God returning upon itself
-- a purposeless and futile action. Man is a creature. Creatures are
thoughts of God. It is the nature of thought to be irrevocable.
P. I do not comprehend. You say that man will never put off the body?
V. I say that he will never be bodiless.
P. Explain.

Korean
bodiless: 무형의, 실체가 없는, 부여하다, 구체화한, 화신의, 수 없는, 변경할 수 없는.
몸통이없는, 동체가 없는, 몸이 없는. 구체화하다, 사람 모습을 한, 사람의 merely: 단지, 다만.
creature: 생물, 창조물, 인간, 노예, 모습을 한, 성육한, 육체를 입은, 의 purposeless: 목적이 없는, 무의미한,
소산, 녀석, 사람, 가공의 동물, 지배 화신이 되다, 구현시키다. 무익한.
당하는 자, 여자, 부하. intend: 할 작정이다, 예정하다, ultimate: 최후의, 가장 먼, 궁극적인,
divine: 비범한, 신성한, 신의, 의미하다, 의도하다, 하려고 근본의, 최종점, 결론, 궁극적은,
종교적인, 성직자, 예언하다, 신성의, 생각하다, 지정하다, 셈이다, 뜻하다, 궁극의, 최고의, 근본적인.
신수의, 알아채다, 점치다, 신학자. 꾀하다, 기도하다, 가리키다. universal: 보편적인, 우주의, 전칭의,
futile: 쓸데없는, 무용, 무익한짓, investiture: 부여, 서임, 수여, 옷, 옷을 만능의, 만유의, 전칭명제,
속절없는, 효과 없는, 하찮은. 입힘, 입힘. 널리행해지는, 전세계의, 만인의,
incarnate: 육체를 갖춘, 육체를 irrevocable: 되부를 수 없는, 취소할 만능인, 모든 사람의.
70 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

V. There are two bodies -- the rudimental and the complete;

corresponding with the two conditions of the worm and the
butterfly. What we call “death,” is but the painful metamorphosis.
Our present incarnation is progressive, preparatory, temporary.
Our future is perfected, ultimate, immortal. The ultimate life is the
full design.%
P. But of the worm’s metamorphosis we are palpably cognizant.
V. We, certainly -- but not the worm. The matter of which our
rudimental body is composed, is within the ken of the organs of that
body; or, more distinctly, our rudimental organs are adapted to the
matter of which is formed the rudimental body; but not to that of
which the ultimate is composed. The ultimate body thus escapes our
rudimental senses, and we perceive only the shell which falls, in
decaying, from the inner form; not that inner form itself; but this
inner form, as well as the shell, is appreciable by those who have
already acquired the ultimate life.
P. You have often said that the mesmeric state very nearly resembles
death. How is this?
V. When I say that it resembles death, I mean that it resembles the
ultimate life; for when I am entranced the senses of my rudimental
life are in abeyance, and I perceive external things directly, without
organs, through a medium which I shall employ in the ultimate,
unorganized life.
P. Unorganized?
V. Yes; organs are contrivances by which the individual is brought into
sensible relation with particular classes and forms of matter, to the
exclusion of other classes and forms. The organs of man are adapted
to his rudimental condition, and to that only; his ultimate condition,
being unorganized, is of unlimited comprehension in all points but
one -- the nature of the volition of God -- that is to say, the motion of
the unparticled matter. You will have a distinct idea of the ultimate
Korean
abeyance: 정지, 중절, 소유자 미정, metamorphosis: 변형, 변태, 변형 껍데기에서 배내다, 외피, 약협.
중지. 작용. unlimited: 끝없는, 무한한, 무제한의,
butterfly: 나비, 멋쟁이, 바람둥이, preparatory: 예비의, 준비의. 부정의, 제한 없는, 한없는.
버터플라이, 불안한 마음. progressive: 누진적인, 전진하는, unorganized: 무기의,
composed: 침착한, 으로 구성되어, 진보당원, 진보주의의, 진보론자, 노동조합에가입하지않은,
차분한. 진행형의-진보론자, 점진성의, 조직돼있지않은.
exclusion: 제외, 몰아냄, 배척. 진보주의자, 진보하는. worm: 벌레, 교묘히 환심을 사다,
incarnation: 구체화, 화신, 권화, 실현, rudimental: 흔적의, 발육부전의. 기듯 나아가다, 벌레처럼 기다,
육신을 입으심, 육아발생, 육체를 shell: 포탄, 깍지, 조가비, 껍질, 캐내다, 서서히 나아가게 하다, 벌레
부여함, 인간화, 육체를 부여하기, 파열탄, 껍질을 벗기다, 여성용의 같은 모양, 기생충병, 벌레 같은 인간,
강생. 소매 없는 헐렁한 블라우스, 껍데기, 금이 가다, 교묘히 빌붙다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 71

body%by conceiving it to be entire brain. This it is not; but a

conception of this nature will bring you near a comprehension of
what it is. A luminous body imparts vibration to the luminiferous
ether. The vibrations generate similar ones within the retina; these
again communicate similar ones to the optic nerve. The nerve
conveys similar ones to the brain; the brain, also, similar ones to the
unparticled matter which permeates it. The motion of this latter is
thought, of which perception is the first undulation. This is the
mode by which the mind of the rudimental life communicates with
the external world; and this external world is, to the rudimental life,
limited, through the idiosyncrasy of its organs. But in the ultimate,
unorganized life, the external world reaches the whole body, (which
is of a substance having affinity to brain, as I have said,) with no
other intervention than that of an infinitely rarer ether than even the
luminiferous; and to this ether -- in unison with it -- the whole body
vibrates, setting in motion the unparticled matter which permeates it.
It is to the absence of idiosyncratic organs, therefore, that we must
attribute the nearly unlimited perception of the ultimate life. To
rudimental beings, organs are the cages necessary to confine them
until fledged.
P. You speak of rudimental “beings.” Are there other rudimental
thinking beings than man?
V. The multitudinous conglomeration of rare matter into nebulæ,
planets, suns, and other bodies which are neither nebulæ, suns, nor
planets, is for the sole purpose of supplying pabulum for the
idiosyncrasy of the organs of an infinity of rudimental beings. But for
the necessity of the rudimental, prior to the ultimate life, there would
have been no bodies such as these. Each of these is tenanted by a
distinct variety of organic, rudimental, thinking creatures. In all, the
organs vary with the features of the place tenanted. At death, or
metamorphosis, these creatures, enjoying the ultimate life --

absence: 부재, 결핍, 방심, 결석, 없음.
conceiving: 상상하는 것.
confine: 가두다, 감금하다, 경계,
제한하다, 한정하다, 감금, 범위,
억류, 영역, 제한, 국경.
conglomeration: 집괴, 모여 뭉친
덩이, 괴상집적, 응괴, 괴상 집적.
fledged: 깃털이 다 난, 성인이 된, 다
자란, 날아갈 수 있을 만큼 성장한, 날
수 있게 된, 제 구실을 할 나이가 된,
깃털이 다 새 새끼를 기르는, 깃털이
Korean
다 날 때까지 기르는, 깃털이 다 나는, optic: 눈의, 광학의, 눈, 시각의,
깃털을 다는. 시력의, 광학상의, 광학.
idiosyncrasy: 특질, 특이 체질, pabulum: 마음의 양식, 음식물,
특이성, 성벽. 영양물, 영양, 음식.
idiosyncratic: 특질의, 특이질의, retina: 망막, 눈의 망막.
특유한. undulation: 파동, 기복, 음파, 진동,
infinitely: 지독히, 훨씬, 무한히, 동계, 광파, 굽이침.
무한의, 몹시, 막대한, 대단히, 무한. unison: 조화, 제창, 일치, 화음, 동음,
luminous: 밝은, 빛나는, 명쾌한, 빛을 제주, 일치하여, 동음의.
내는, 총명한. vibration: 진동, 떨림, 마음의 동요,
multitudinous: 수많은, 다수의. 동요, 진동 시키기, 정신적 전파.
72 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

immortality -- and cognizant of all secrets but the one, act all things
and pass everywhere by mere volition: -- indwelling, not the stars,
which to us seem the sole palpabilities, and for the accommodation of
which we blindly deem space created -- but that SPACE itself -- that
infinity of which the truly substantive vastness swallows up the star-
shadows -- blotting them out as non-entities from the perception of
the angels.%
P. You say that “but for the necessity of the rudimental life” there would
have been no stars. But why this necessity?
V. In the inorganic life, as well as in the inorganic matter generally,
there is nothing to impede the action of one simple unique law -- the
Divine Volition. With the view of producing impediment, the
organic life and matter, (complex, substantial, and law-encumbered,)
were contrived.
P. But again -- why need this impediment have been produced?
V. The result of law inviolate is perfection -- right -- negative happiness.
The result of law violate is imperfection, wrong, positive pain.
Through the impediments afforded by the number, complexity, and
substantiality of the laws of organic life and matter, the violation of
law is rendered, to a certain extent, practicable. Thus pain, which in
the inorganic life is impossible, is possible in the organic.
P. But to what good end is pain thus rendered possible?
V. All things are either good or bad by comparison. A sufficient
analysis will show that pleasure, in all cases, is but the contrast of
pain. Positive pleasure is a mere idea. To be happy at any one point
we must have suffered at the same. Never to suffer would have been
never to have been blessed. But it has been shown that, in the
inorganic life, pain cannot be thus the necessity for the organic. The
pain of the primitive life of Earth, is the sole basis of the bliss of the
ultimate life in Heaven.

blindly: 맹목적으로, 무턱대고.
bliss: 지복, 더없는행복, 다시 없는
기쁨.
complexity: 복잡성, 복잡한 것.
deem: 생각하다, 으로 생각하다.
impede: 방해하다, 저해하다.
impediment: 장애, 언어 장애,
말더듬이, 방해, 신체장애, 고장,
수하물, 방해물.
impediments: 방해물, 수하물.
imperfection: 불완전, 결점, 결함.
Korean
indwelling: 내재하다, 내재하는 것, 진가, 실체, 실질, 본체, 알맹이있음.
내재하는. substantive: 명사로 쓰여진, 현실의,
inorganic: 생활 기능이 없는, 무기의, 실명사의, 본질적인, 명사, 독립의,
무생물의, 무기성의, 유기조직이 실사, 실명사.
없는, 비유기적인, 유기 조직이 없는. violate: 강간하다, 통과하다,
inviolate: 침범되지 않은, 더럽혀지지 침입하다, 깨뜨리다, 어기다,
않은, 신성한, 모독되지 않은. 더럽히다, 범하다, 방해하다,
practicable: 실행할 수 있는, 실용에 위반하다, 위배하다, 의 신성을
맞는, 통행할 수 있는, 사용할 수 더럽히다.
있는. violation: 위반, 위배, 방해, 강간,
substantiality: 실재성, 견고, 실질성, 모독, 침입, 침해.
 Edgar Allan Poe 73

P. Still, there is one of your expressions which I find it impossible to

comprehend -- “the truly substantive vastness of infinity.”
V. This, probably, is because you have no sufficiently generic
conception of the term “substance” itself. We must not regard it as a
quality, but as a sentiment: -- it is the perception, in thinking beings,
of the adaptation of matter to their organization. There are many
things on the Earth, which would be nihility to the inhabitants of
Venus -- many things visible and tangible in Venus, which we could
not be brought to appreciate as existing at all. But to the inorganic
beings -- to the angels -- the whole of the unparticled matter is
substanceethat is to say, the whole of what we term “space” is to
them the truest substantiality; -- the stars, meantime, through what
we consider their materiality, escaping the angelic sense, just in
proportion as the unparticled matter, through what we consider its
immateriality, eludes the organic.%

As the sleep-waker pronounced these latter words, in a feeble tone, I

observed on his countenance a singular expression, which somewhat alarmed
me, and induced me to awake him at once. No sooner had I done this, than, with
a bright smile irradiating all his features, he fell back upon his pillow and
expired. I noticed that in less than a minute afterward his corpse had all the
stern rigidity of stone. His brow was of the coldness of ice. Thus, ordinarily,
should it have appeared, only after long pressure from Azrael’s hand. Had the
sleep-waker, indeed, during the latter portion of his discourse, been addressing
me from out the region of the shadows?

Korean
adaptation: 적응, 개작, 각색. 박약한. 굳음, 강도, 불굴, 강성률, 단단함,
addressing: 어드레싱, 어드레스 지정. generic: 일반적인, 총칭적인, 속의, 강직성.
alarmed: 불안해 하는, 겁 먹은, 깜짝 상표 등록이 되어 있지 않은. sentiment: 의견, 감상, 정서, 감정의,
놀란. materiality: 중요성, 구체성, 실질이 감상적인, 다감, 정취, 다감한, 감정,
angelic: 천사의, 천사같은, 있음, 유형, 물질성. 감정에 흐르는 경향, 감정적인 생각.
완전무결한. ordinarily: 대개, 보통, 그만하게, 보통 stern: 황량한, 엄격한, 고물, 쓸쓸한,
brow: 이마, 눈썹, 벼랑 꼭대기, 벼랑, 정도로, 보통으로. 선미, 굳은, 준엄한, 단호한, 고물
얼굴. pillow: 베개, 방석, 덧대는 물건- 별자리, 피할 도리가 없는, 엉덩이.
coldness: 냉담, 추위, 냉정, 차가움. 베개로 하다, 베개삼다, 베어링, tangible: 분규, 확실한, 만져서 알수
corpse: 시체, 송장. 올려놓다. 있는, 엉킴, 혼란, 유형재산, 만져서
feeble: 약한, 연약한, 희미한, 의지가 rigidity: 엄격, 엄숙, 강직, 엄밀, 경직, 알 수 있는, 명백한.
74 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

THE FACTS IN THE CASE

OF M. VALDEMAR

Of%course I shall not pretend to consider it any matter for wonder, that the
extraordinary case of M. Valdemar has excited discussion. It would have been a
miracle had it not-especially under the circumstances. Through the desire of all
parties concerned, to keep the affair from the public, at least for the present, or
until we had farther opportunities for investigation -- through our endeavors to
effect this -- a garbled or exaggerated account made its way into society, and
became the source of many unpleasant misrepresentations, and, very naturally,
of a great deal of disbelief.
It is now rendered necessary that I give the facts -- as far as I comprehend
them myself. They are, succinctly, these:
My attention, for the last three years, had been repeatedly drawn to the
subject of Mesmerism; and, about nine months ago it occurred to me, quite
suddenly, that in the series of experiments made hitherto, there had been a very
remarkable and most unaccountable omission: -- no person had as yet been
mesmerized in articulo mortis. It remained to be seen, first, whether, in such
condition, there existed in the patient any susceptibility to the magnetic
influence; secondly, whether, if any existed, it was impaired or increased by the
condition; thirdly, to what extent, or for how long a period, the encroachments of

Korean
affair: 일, 사건, 물건, 물품, 사무, impaired: 장애가 있는, 떨어뜨리는.
하기, 문제, 추문, 전투, 일거리, 연애 investigation: 조사, 연구, 논문, 수사,
사건. 조사보고, 연구연구.
disbelief: 불신, 의혹. magnetic: 매력 있는, 자기성이 있는,
exaggerated: 과장된, 떠벌린, 비대한, 자기 모멘트, 자석의, 매력이 있는,
비정상적으로 확장된, 지나친. 최면술의.
excited: 흥분한, 흥분한 활발한, miracle: 기적, 불가사의한 물건,
여기한, 여기 상태의. 기적극, 불가사의한 것, 불가사의한
extraordinary: 보통이아닌, 비범한, 사람.
특명의, 엄청난, 이상한, 특별 수당, omission: 생략, 탈락, 태만.
임시의, 비상한. pretend: 속이다, 자부하다, 인 체하다,
거짓의, 감히..하려고 하다, 가장하다,
체하다, 공상상의, 요구하다, 구실로
삼다.
repeatedly: 되풀이하여, 재삼재사,
여러 차례, 되풀이해서.
secondly: 둘째로, 다음.
succinctly: 간결하게, 간명하게.
thirdly: 세 번째로, 세번째로, 세째로,
제3으로, 제삼으로.
unpleasant: 불쾌한, 불유쾌한,
심술궂은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 75

Death might be arrested by the process. There were other points to be

ascertained, but these most excited my curiosity -- the last in especial, from the
immensely important character of its consequences.%
In looking around me for some subject by whose means I might test these
particulars, I was brought to think of my friend, M. Ernest Valdemar, the well-
known compiler of the “Bibliotheca Forensica,” and author (under the nom de
plume of Issachar Marx) of the Polish versions of “Wallenstein” and
“Gargantua.” M. Valdemar, who has resided principally at Harlaem, N.Y., since
the year 1839, is (or was) particularly noticeable for the extreme spareness of his
person -- his lower limbs much resembling those of John Randolph; and, also, for
the whiteness of his whiskers, in violent contrast to the blackness of his hair --
the latter, in consequence, being very generally mistaken for a wig. His
temperament was markedly nervous, and rendered him a good subject for
mesmeric experiment. On two or three occasions I had put him to sleep with
little difficulty, but was disappointed in other results which his peculiar
constitution had naturally led me to anticipate. His will was at no period
positively, or thoroughly, under my control, and in regard to clairvoyance, I
could accomplish with him nothing to be relied upon. I always attributed my
failure at these points to the disordered state of his health. For some months
previous to my becoming acquainted with him, his physicians had declared him
in a confirmed phthisis. It was his custom, indeed, to speak calmly of his
approaching dissolution, as of a matter neither to be avoided nor regretted.
When the ideas to which I have alluded first occurred to me, it was of course
very natural that I should think of M. Valdemar. I knew the steady philosophy of
the man too well to apprehend any scruples from him; and he had no relatives in
America who would be likely to interfere. I spoke to him frankly upon the
subject; and, to my surprise, his interest seemed vividly excited. I say to my
surprise, for, although he had always yielded his person freely to my
experiments, he had never before given me any tokens of sympathy with what I
did. His disease was if that character which would admit of exact calculation in
respect to the epoch of its termination in death; and it was finally arranged

Korean
accomplish: 숙달한, 완수하다, nom: 이름. 격정, 체질, 격한 성미.
가르치다, 달성하다, 성취하다, plume: 깃털, 깃털로 장장식하다, termination: 종결, 말단, 한계, 만기,
완성한, 소양이있는, 소양이 있는, 물기둥-새가 부리로 깃털을 고르다, 결말, 종료, 어미, 바지, 종점.
이루다, 에게 가르치다. 연기나 구름 따위의 기둥, 영예 표시, vividly: 생생하게, 발랄하게,
clairvoyance: 천리안, 투시력, 비상한 깃 모양의 털, 새가 깃털을 다듬다, 선명하게.
통찰력, 투시, 굉장한 통찰력. 깃털로 꾸미다, 깃털로 장식하다, whiteness: 흼, 순백함, 결백, 창백함,
compiler: 컴파일러, 편집자, 편찬자. 다듬다, 명예 표시. 창백, 순결, 백색 물질.
disordered: 혼란된, 병에 걸린, spareness: 수고를 아낌, 강마름, wig: 몹시 꾸짖다, 가발, 가발을
고장난. 게으름을 피움, 결핌, 결핍, 깡마름, 씌우다, 머리털, 흥분하게 하다,
epoch: 시대, 신기원, 신시대, 중요한 부족. 귀찮게 하다, 성가시게 하다, 판사,
사건, 기. temperament: 기질, 평균율, 성미, 화나게 하다, 당황하게 하다.
76 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

between us that he would send for me about twenty-four hours before the period
announced by his physicians as that of his decease.%
It is now rather more than seven months since I received, from M. Valdemar
himself, the subjoined note:

MY DEAR P---,
You may as well come now. D--- and F--- are agreed that I cannot
hold out beyond to-morrow midnight; and I think they have hit the time
very nearly.
VALDEMAR

I received this note within half an hour after it was written, and in fifteen
minutes more I was in the dying man’s chamber. I had not seen him for ten days,
and was appalled by the fearful alteration which the brief interval had wrought
in him. His face wore a leaden hue; the eyes were utterly lustreless; and the
emaciation was so extreme that the skin had been broken through by the cheek-
bones. His expectoration was excessive. The pulse was barely perceptible. He
retained, nevertheless, in a very remarkable manner, both his mental power and
a certain degree of physical strength. He spoke with distinctness -- took some
palliative medicines without aid -- and, when I entered the room, was occupied
in penciling memoranda in a pocket-book. He was propped up in the bed by
pillows. Doctors D--- and F--- were in attendance.
After pressing Valdemar’s hand, I took these gentlemen aside, and obtained
from them a minute account of the patient’s condition. The left lung had been for
eighteen months in a semi-osseous or cartilaginous state, and was, of course,
entirely useless for all purposes of vitality. The right, in its upper portion, was
also partially, if not thoroughly, ossified, while the lower region was merely a
mass of purulent tubercles, running one into another. Several extensive
perforations existed; and, at one point, permanent adhesion to the ribs had taken
place. These appearances in the right lobe were of comparatively recent date.
The ossification had proceeded with very unusual rapidity; no sign of it had

adhesion: 집착, 유작, 점작, 점착,
유착, 부착, 고수.
alteration: 변경, 개조, 변경된 곳,
변화.
cartilaginous: 연골성의, 연골질의,
골격이 연골로 된, 연골의.
emaciation: 여윔, 쇠약, 수척함.
expectoration: 가래뱉음, 객담,
각출물, 뱉은 것, 가래를 뱉음,
가침뱉음.
fearful: 무서운, 지독한, 걱정하여,
Korean
두려워하여, 신을 두려워하는,
두려워, 심한.
fifteen: 십오, 열 다섯.
leaden: 답답한, 납의, 납으로 만든,
무딘, 납빛의, 나른한, 뻐근한,
무기력한, 활발치 못한, 무가치한.
lobe: 소엽, 귓불, 잎사귀, 둥근 돌출부.
memoranda: 규약, 각서, 메모,
비망록.
ossification: 골화, 고정화, 무감각화,
냉담화, 골화조직, 경직화, 경화.
palliative: 완화제, 경감하는, 변명,
변명하는, 참작할 만한 사정,
완화시키는, 완화하는.
penciling: 가는 선 긋기, 연필로 그린
것 같은 무늬, 연필로 쓰기.
pulse: 맥박, 의향, 고동, 움직임, 느낌,
진동하다, 두류, 순간 파동, 뜀, 펄스,
맥이 뛰다.
purulent: 화농성의, 곪은, 고름 같은.
vitality: 활기, 생명력, 지속력, 활력,
원기, 지속력성.
 Edgar Allan Poe 77

discovered a month before, and the adhesion had only been observed during the
three previous days. Independently of the phthisis, the patient was suspected of
aneurism of the aorta; but on this point the osseous symptoms rendered an exact
diagnosis impossible. It was the opinion of both physicians that M. Valdemar
would die about midnight on the morrow (Sunday). It was then seven o’clock on
Saturday evening.%
On quitting the invalid’s bed-side to hold conversation with myself, Doctors
D--- and F--- had bidden him a final farewell. It had not been their intention to
return; but, at my request, they agreed to look in upon the patient about ten the
next night.
When they had gone, I spoke freely with M. Valdemar on the subject of his
approaching dissolution, as well as, more particularly, of the experiment
proposed. He still professed himself quite willing and even anxious to have it
made, and urged me to commence it at once. A male and a female nurse were in
attendance; but I did not feel myself altogether at liberty to engage in a task of
this character with no more reliable witnesses than these people, in case of
sudden accident, might prove. I therefore postponed operations until about eight
the next night, when the arrival of a medical student with whom I had some
acquaintance, (Mr. Theodore L---l,) relieved me from farther embarrassment. It
had been my design, originally, to wait for the physicians; but I was induced to
proceed, first, by the urgent entreaties of M. Valdemar, and secondly, by my
conviction that I had not a moment to lose, as he was evidently sinking fast.
Mr. L---l was so kind as to accede to my desire that he would take notes of all
that occurred, and it is from his memoranda that what I now have to relate is, for
the most part, either condensed or copied verbatim.
It wanted about five minutes of eight when, taking the patient’s hand, I
begged him to state, as distinctly as he could, to Mr. L---l, whether he (M.
Valdemar) was entirely willing that I should make the experiment of
mesmerizing him in his then condition.
He replied feebly, yet quite audibly, “Yes, I wish to be “I fear you have
mesmerized” -- adding immediately afterwards, deferred it too long.”

Korean
accede: 따르다, 동의하다, 취임하다, deferred: 거치한, 연기한, 연기된.
참가하다, 가맹하다, 가입하다. diagnosis: 진단, 진단법.
aneurism: 동맥류. dissolution: 해산, 용해, 분해, 해약,
aorta: 대동맥. 해소, 붕괴, 사멸, 해체, 소멸.
audibly: 들리도록, 들을 수 있도록, embarrassment: 곤란, 방해, 장애,
들을 수 있게, 들릴 만큼. 당혹, 난처함, 당황, 재정, 당황케
commence: 개시하다, 시작되다, 하는 사람, 당황케 하는 것, 무안케
학위를 받다, 시작하다, 착수하다, 하는 사람, 난처.
개시. engage: 약속하다, 교전하다, 걸리다,
condensed: 간결한, 농축한, 요약한, 예약하다, 고용하다, 정치에 관계된,
압축된. 속박하다, 당기다, 종사시키다,
교전시키다, 관계된.
farewell: 안녕, 고별, 작별의 인사,
작별의인사, 작별 인사를 하다, 작별.
morrow: 아침, 이튿날, 직후.
osseous: 뼈의, 뼈있는, 뼈로된.
professed: 공언한, 자칭의, 가장한,
겉꾸밈의, 공공연한, 서약하고
종교단에 든, 서약하고 수도회에
들어간, 겉보기만의.
sinking: 가라앉음, 내려앉는, 쇠약
가라앉는, 쇠퇴하는, 가라앉는.
78 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

While he spoke thus, I commenced the passes which I had already found
most effectual in subduing him. He was evidently influenced with the first
lateral stroke of my hand across his forehead; but although I exerted all my
powers, no farther perceptible effect was induced until some minutes after ten
o’clock, when Doctors D--- and F--- called, according to appointment. I explained
to them, in a few words, what I designed, and as they opposed no objection,
saying that the patient was already in the death agony, I proceeded without
hesitation -- exchanging, however, the lateral passes for downward ones, and
directing my gaze entirely into the right eye of the sufferer.%
By this time his pulse was imperceptible and his breathing was stertorous,
and at intervals of half a minute.
This condition was nearly unaltered for a quarter of an hour. At the
expiration of this period, however, a natural although a very deep sigh escaped
the bosom of the dying man, and the stertorous breathing ceased -- that is to say,
its stertorousness was no longer apparent; the intervals were undiminished. The
patient’s extremities were of an icy coldness.
At five minutes before eleven I perceived unequivocal signs of the mesmeric
influence. The glassy roll of the eye was changed for that expression of uneasy
inward examination which is never seen except in cases of sleep-waking, and
which it is quite impossible to mistake. With a few rapid lateral passes I made
the lids quiver, as in incipient sleep, and with a few more I closed them
altogether. I was not satisfied, however, with this, but continued the
manipulations vigorously, and with the fullest exertion of the will, until I had
completely stiffened the limbs of the slumberer, after placing them in a
seemingly easy position. The legs were at full length; the arms were nearly so,
and reposed on the bed at a moderate distance from the loin. The head was very
slightly elevated.
When I had accomplished this, it was fully midnight, and I requested the
gentlemen present to examine M. Valdemar’s condition. After a few experiments,
they admitted him to be an unusually perfect state of mesmeric trance. The
curiosity of both the physicians was greatly excited. Dr. D--- resolved at once to

bosom: 가슴, 껴안다, 내부, 마음속에
간직하다, 믿고 있는, 품, 흉부,
흉부슴속, 가슴속, 속, 표면.
elevated: 고상한, 높은, 쾌활한,
거나한, 의기 양양한, 한잔하여
기분이 좋은.
extremities: 앞끝, 최후, 사지, 극도,
극단책, 말단.
glassy: 매끄러운, 흐린, 유리질의,
생기가 없는, 유리 모양의.
imperceptible: 눈에 보이지 않는,
Korean
미세한, 점차적인, 알아챌수 없을 전통, 떨다, 전동, 흔들리다.
만큼의, 알수없는, 근소한, 관찰할 수 stertorous: 숨이 거친, 코고는 소리가
없는, 경미한, 지각할수 없는. 큰, 크게 코를 고는.
incipient: 초기의, 시작의, 발단의, trance: 꿈결, 비몽 사몽, 황홀상태,
시초의. 실신, 황홀, 황홀하게 만들다.
lateral: 옆의, 측면의, 옆으로의, 옆쪽, unaltered: 불변의, 변경되지 않은.
옆으로부터의, 측음, 가로의, 가로의 undiminished: 쇠퇴되지 않은, 줄지
옆쪽, 가로장, 측면부. 않은.
loin: 허리, 허리 고기, 허리부분, unequivocal: 명백한, 보호하지 않은,
짐승의 허리 고기. 모호하지 않은, 애매하지 않은.
quiver: 떨림, 떨게 하다, 화살통, 진동, vigorously: 원기있게.
 Edgar Allan Poe 79

remain with the patient all night, while Dr. F--- took leave with a promise to
return at daybreak. Mr. L---l and the nurses remained.%
We left M. Valdemar entirely undisturbed until about three o’clock in the
morning, when I approached him and found him in precisely the same condition
as when Dr. F--- went away -- that is to say, he lay in the same position; the pulse
was imperceptible; the breathing was gentle (scarcely noticeable, unless through
the application of a mirror to the lips); the eyes were closed naturally; and the
limbs were as rigid and as cold as marble. Still, the general appearance was
certainly not that of death.
As I approached M. Valdemar I made a kind of half effort to influence his
right arm into pursuit of my own, as I passed the latter gently to and fro above
his person. In such experiments with this patient had never perfectly succeeded
before, and assuredly I had little thought of succeeding now; but to my
astonishment, his arm very readily, although feebly, followed every direction I
assigned it with mine. I determined to hazard a few words of conversation.
“M. Valdemar,” I said, “are you asleep?” He made no answer, but I perceived
a tremor about the lips, and was thus induced to repeat the question, again and
again. At its third repetition, his whole frame was agitated by a very slight
shivering; the eyelids unclosed themselves so far as to display a white line of the
ball; the lips moved sluggishly, and from between them, in a barely audible
whisper, issued the words:
“Yes; -- asleep now. Do not wake me! -- let me die so!”
I here felt the limbs and found them as rigid as ever. The right arm, as before,
obeyed the direction of my hand. I questioned the sleep-waker again:
“Do you still feel pain in the breast, M. Valdemar?”
The answer now was immediate, but even less audible than before: “No pain
-- I am dying.”
I did not think it advisable to disturb him farther just then, and nothing more
was said or done until the arrival of Dr. F---, who came a little before sunrise,
and expressed unbounded astonishment at finding the patient still alive. After

advisable: 현명한, 권할 만한, 적당한,
분별있는, 분별 있는, 타당한.
agitated: 흥분한, 동요한.
assuredly: 대담히, 확실하게,
자신있게, 확실히, 자신을 가지고,
확신을 가지고.
audible: 들리는, 들을 수 있는.
daybreak: 새벽, 동틀녘.
disturb: 방해하다, 어지럽히다,
소란하게 하다, 불안하게하다,
불안하게 하다, 소란하게하다,
Korean
교란하다, 저해하다, 침해하다.
repetition: 되풀이, 반복, 암송, 모사,
모방, 복사, 반복된 말, 복주, 복창,
사본, 재주장.
shivering: 몸의 떨림, 전율.
sluggishly: 불경기인, 게으른, 활발치
못한, 게으름 피우는, 느린.
succeeding: 계속되는, 다음의.
sunrise: 해돋이, 해뜰녘, 초기.
tremor: 전율, 떨림, 떨리는 목소리,
오싹오싹하는 흥분, 미동, 진전.
unbounded: 무한의, 한정되지 않은,
억제할 수 없는.
unclosed: 열려 있는, 완결되지 않은,
활짝 열린, 열린채로의.
undisturbed: 평온한, 방해되지 않는,
방해받지 않은.
whisper: 속삭이다, 속삭임, 소근거림,
살랑살랑소리, 살랑살랑 소리를 내다,
말을 가만히 퍼뜨리다, 은밀히 말을
퍼뜨리다, 몰래 말하다, 소문, 적은
분량, 일러바치다.
80 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

feeling the pulse and applying a mirror to the lips, he requested me to speak to
the sleep-waker again. I did so, saying:
“M. Valdemar, do you still sleep?”
As before, some minutes elapsed ere a reply was made; and during the
interval the dying man seemed to be collecting his energies to speak. At my
fourth repetition of the question, he said very faintly, almost inaudibly:
“Yes; still asleep -- dying.”
It was now the opinion, or rather the wish, of the physicians, that M.
Valdemar should be suffered to remain undisturbed in his present apparently
tranquil condition, until death should supervene -- and this, it was generally
agreed, must now take place within a few minutes. I concluded, however, to
speak to him once more, and merely repeated my previous question.%
While I spoke, there came a marked change over the countenance of the
sleep-waker. The eyes rolled themselves slowly open, the pupils disappearing
upwardly; the skin generally assumed a cadaverous hue, resembling not so
much parchment as white paper; and the circular hectic spots which, hitherto,
had been strongly defined in the centre of each cheek, went out at once. I use this
expression, because the suddenness of their departure put me in mind of
nothing so much as the extinguishment of a candle by a puff of the breath. The
upper lip, at the same time, writhed itself away from the teeth, which it had
previously covered completely; while the lower jaw fell with an audible jerk,
leaving the mouth widely extended, and disclosing in full view the swollen and
blackened tongue. I presume that no member of the party then present had been
unaccustomed to death-bed horrors; but so hideous beyond conception was the
appearance of M. Valdemar at this moment, that there was a general shrinking
back from the region of the bed.
I now feel that I have reached a point of this narrative at which every reader
will be startled into positive disbelief. It is my business, however, simply to
proceed.

cadaverous: 창백한, 새파랗게 질린,
시체같은, 송장같은, 시체 같은, 시체.
energies: 능력, 에너지, 정력, 활동력.
ere: 하기 전에, 오히려.
extinguishment: 폐지, 소멸, 소화.
faintly: 희미하게, 힘없이, 가냘프게,
소심하게, 어렴풋이, 연약하게,
머무적거리며.
hectic: 소모열의, 결핵환자, 열광적인,
소모열, 얼굴이 불그레한, 몹시
흥분한, 소모성인, 흥분한.
Korean
inaudibly: 알아들을 수 없는. suddenness: 갑작스러움, 별안간,
jerk: 바보, 휙 던지다, 갑자기 밀다, 홱 돌연.
당기다, 포육으로 만들다, 포육, 경련, supervene: 잇따라 일어나다,
쿡 찌르다, 꽉 비틀다, 내뱉듯이 병발하다, 연달아 일어나다.
말하다, 멍청이. swollen: 부푼, 물이 불은, 과장된.
parchment: 양피지, 양피지의 문서, tranquil: 조용한, 평온한, 차분한.
양피지비슷한 종이, 비슷한 종이, unaccustomed: 익숙지 않은, 보통이
양피지의. 아닌, 별난, 예사롭지 않은, 의숙지
repeated: 되풀이된, 거듭된. 못한.
shrinking: 움츠리는, 겁내는, upwardly: 이상, 상류로, 위쪽으로,
움츠리는 것. 이래.
 Edgar Allan Poe 81

There was no longer the faintest sign of vitality in M. Valdemar; and

concluding him to be dead, we were consigning him to the charge of the nurses,
when a strong vibratory motion was observable in the tongue. This continued
for perhaps a minute. At the expiration of this period, there issued from the
distended and motionless jaws a voice -- such as it would be madness in me to
attempt describing. There are, indeed, two or three epithets which might be
considered as applicable to it in part; I might say, for example, that the sound
was harsh, and broken and hollow; but the hideous whole is indescribable, for
the simple reason that no similar sounds have ever jarred upon the ear of
humanity. There were two particulars, nevertheless, which I thought then, and
still think, might fairly be stated as characteristic of the intonation -- as well
adapted to convey some idea of its unearthly peculiarity. In the first place, the
voice seemed to reach our ears -- at least mine -- from a vast distance, or from
some deep cavern within the earth. In the second place, it impressed me (I fear,
indeed, that it will be impossible to make myself comprehended) as gelatinous
or glutinous matters impress the sense of touch.%
I have spoken both of “sound” and of “voice.” I mean to say that the sound
was one of distinct -- of even wonderfully, thrillingly distinct -- syllabification.
M. Valdemar spoke -- obviously in reply to the question I had propounded to
him a few minutes before. I had asked him, it will be remembered, if he still
slept. He now said:
“Yes; -- no; -- I have been sleeping -- and now -- now -- I am dead.
No person present even affected to deny, or attempted to repress, the
unutterable, shuddering horror which these few words, thus uttered, were so
well calculated to convey. Mr. L---l (the student) swooned. The nurses
immediately left the chamber, and could not be induced to return. My own
impressions I would not pretend to render intelligible to the reader. For nearly
an hour, we busied ourselves, silently -- without the utterance of a word -- in
endeavors to revive Mr. L---l. When he came to himself, we addressed ourselves
again to an investigation of M. Valdemar’s condition.

Korean
cavern: 동굴, 동굴에 넣다, 공동, 땅굴, 이해할 수 있는, 명료한, 지성적인.
에 굴을 파다, 큰 동굴. observable: 관찰할 수 있는, 지켜야
gelatinous: 아교질의, 젤라틴 모양의, 할, 주목 할 만한, 눈에 띄게, 주목할
안정된, 젤라틴으로 된, 젤라틴에 만한.
관한, 젤라아교 모양의. peculiarity: 버릇, 특색, 특성, 특질,
glutinous: 아교질의, 점착성의, 특유, 독특, 독자성, 기벽, 기태.
끈적끈적한. repress: 억누르다, 억압하다,
indescribable: 형언할 수 없는, 억제하다, 진압하다, 정복하다.
막연한. shuddering: 쭈뼛해지는, 떠는,
intelligible: 지성만으로 알수 있는, 몸서리치는.
알기쉬 운, 알기쉬운, 이해할수 있는, syllabification: 분철법, 음절구분.
thrillingly: 골이 오싹하게,
감격적으로.
unearthly: 섬뜩한, 상식밖의, 이 세상
것 같지 않은, 비현실적인, 기분나쁜,
굉장한, 이세상의 것 같지 않은,
초자연적인, 터무니 없는,
무시무시한, 소름 끼치는.
unutterable: 발음할 수 없는, 말도
안되는, 이루 말할 수 없는, 말로
표현할 수 없는, 철저한.
vibratory: 진동하는, 진동의, 떨리는.
82 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

It remained in all respects as I have last described it, with the exception that
the mirror no longer afforded evidence of respiration. An attempt to draw blood
from the arm failed. I should mention, too, that this limb was no farther subject
to my will. I endeavored in vain to make it follow the direction of my hand. The
only real indication, indeed, of the mesmeric influence, was now found in the
vibratory movement of the tongue, whenever I addressed M. Valdemar a
question. He seemed to be making an effort to reply, but had no longer sufficient
volition. To queries put to him by any other person than myself he seemed
utterly insensible -- although I endeavored to place each member of the
company in mesmeric rapport with him. I believe that I have now related all that
is necessary to an understanding of the sleep-waker’s state at this epoch. Other
nurses were procured; and at ten o’clock I left the house in company with the
two physicians and Mr. L---l.%
In the afternoon we all called again to see the patient. His condition remained
precisely the same. We had now some discussion as to the propriety and
feasibility of awakening him; but we had little difficulty in agreeing that no
good purpose would be served by so doing. It was evident that, so far, death (or
what is usually termed death) had been arrested by the mesmeric process. It
seemed clear to us all that to awaken M. Valdemar would be merely to insure his
instant, or at least his speedy dissolution.
From this period until the close of last week -- an interval of nearly seven
months -- we continued to make daily calls at M. Valdemar’s house,
accompanied, now and then, by medical and other friends. All this time the
sleeper-waker remained exactly as I have last described him. The nurses’
attentions were continual.
It was on Friday last that we finally resolved to make the experiment of
awakening or attempting to awaken him; and it is the (perhaps) unfortunate
result of this latter experiment which has given rise to so much discussion in
private circles -- to so much of what I cannot help thinking unwarranted popular
feeling.

Korean
awakening: 각성, 눈뜨게한는, 눈뜸, interval: 간격, 휴게시간, 음정,
깨우치는, 깨우치는-눈뜸. 이따금, 때때로, 차거리, 여기저기,
continual: 빈번한, 계속적인, 틈막간, 휴지기, 휴지시간, 막간.
끊임없는, 자주 일어나는, 연속적인. limb: 수족, 날개, 팔, 의
feasibility: 실행할 수 있음, 가능성, 가지를자르다, 앞이, 가장자리, 구, 달
그럴 듯함, 성부, 편리. 따위의 가장자리, 문장의 구, 엽변, 의
insensible: 무감각한, 의식이 없는, 손발을 끊다.
인사 불성의, 무관심한, 알아채리 propriety: 적당, 예의 범절, 예의 바름,
못할 정도로, 인사불성의, 감지할수 타당, 교양, 예의.
없는, 무신경의, 아주 적은, 감수성 rapport: 관계, 일치, 교신, 영교, 영적
없는, 무신경인. 교류, 심령술에서 영매를 이용한 영적
교류.
respects: 인사.
speedy: 즉시의, 민속한, 재빠른,
조속한, 빠른.
unfortunate: 유감스러운, 불길한,
불행한, 불행한 결과를 가져오는,
불운한 사람, 불운한, 적당하지 않은,
불행한 사람.
unwarranted: 보증되지 않은,
공인되지 않는, 보증이 없는,
정당하다고 인정할 수 없는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 83

For the purpose of relieving M. Valdemar from the mesmeric trance, I made
use of the customary passes. These, for a time, were unsuccessful. The first
indication of revival was afforded by a partial descent of the iris. It was observed,
as especially remarkable, that this lowering of the pupil was accompanied by the
profuse out-flowing of a yellowish ichor (from beneath the lids) of a pungent
and highly offensive odor.%
It was now suggested that I should attempt to influence the patient’s arm, as
heretofore. I made the attempt and failed. Dr. F--- then intimated a desire to have
me put a question. I did so, as follows:
“M. Valdemar, can you explain to us what are your feelings or wishes now?”
There was an instant return of the hectic circles on the cheeks; the tongue
quivered, or rather rolled violently in the mouth (although the jaws and lips
remained rigid as before;) and at length the same hideous voice which I have
already described, broke forth:
“For God’s sake! -- quick! -- quick! -- put me to sleep -- or, quick! -- waken
me! -- quick! -- I say to you that I am dead!”
I was thoroughly unnerved, and for an instant remained undecided what to
do. At first I made an endeavor to re-compose the patient; but, failing in this
through total abeyance of the will, I retraced my steps and as earnestly struggled
to awaken him. In this attempt I soon saw that I should be successful -- or at least
I soon fancied that my success would be complete -- and I am sure that all in the
room were prepared to see the patient awaken.
For what really occurred, however, it is quite impossible that any human
being could have been prepared.
As I rapidly made the mesmeric passes, amid ejaculations of “dead! dead!”
absolutely bursting from the tongue and not from the lips of the sufferer, his
whole frame at once -- within the space of a single minute, or even less, shrunk --
crumbled -- absolutely rotted away beneath my hands. Upon the bed, before that
whole company, there lay a nearly liquid mass of loathsome -- of detestable
putridity.

cheeks: 측면, 궁둥이.
customary: 관례에 의한, 습관적인,
관습상의, 통례의, 관계집, 관례집.
earnestly: 진지하게, 진정으로,
진심으로, 열심히.
fancied: 공상의, 상상의, 가공의,
사육자, 이길 듯싶은, 잘 될 듯싶은,
마음에 든.
heretofore: 이제 까지, 지금까지, 현재
까지, 지금 까지, 이때까지.
ichor: 농장, 영액, 이코르, 피와같은
Korean
액체, 신의 몸안에 혈액처럼 흐른다는 마음을 몹시 아프게 하는.
영액, 아이코어, 신들의 맥관 속을 putridity: 부패.
흐르는 영액. sufferer: 환자, 수난자, 고생하는 사람,
loathsome: 지긋지긋한, 구역질 나는, 이재자, 이재민, 괴로워하는 사람.
기분 나쁜, 육체적으로 기분 나쁜, undecided: 어떻게 될지 모르는,
싫는, 싫어서 견딜 수 없는. 미결의, 미정의, 우유 부단한, 결심이
lowering: 내려가는, 비천한, 서지 않은, 아직 결정되지 않은.
저하시키는, 저하, 낮게 하는. waken: 분기시키다, 일어나다,
profuse: 아낌없는, 풍부한, 통이 큰. 일으키다, 눈뜨게 하다, 깨우다,
pungent: 날카로운, 자극하는, 마음을 깨닫다, 잠이 깨다.
찌르는, 신랄한, 혀나 코를 자극하는, yellowish: 누르스름한, 누른빛을 띤.
84 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

THE BLACK CAT

For%the most wild, yet most homely narrative which I am about to pen, I
neither expect nor solicit belief. Mad indeed would I be to expect it, in a case
where my very senses reject their own evidence. Yet, mad am I not -- and very
surely do I not dream. But to-morrow I die, and to-day I would unburthen my
soul. My immediate purpose is to place before the world, plainly, succinctly, and
without comment, a series of mere household events. In their consequences,
these events have terrified -- have tortured -- have destroyed me. Yet I will not
attempt to expound them. To me, they have presented little but Horror -- to
many they will seem less terrible than barroques. Hereafter, perhaps, some
intellect may be found which will reduce my phantasm to the common-place --
some intellect more calm, more logical, and far less excitable than my own,
which will perceive, in the circumstances I detail with awe, nothing more than an
ordinary succession of very natural causes and effects.
From my infancy I was noted for the docility and humanity of my
disposition. My tenderness of heart was even so conspicuous as to make me the
jest of my companions. I was especially fond of animals, and was indulged by
my parents with a great variety of pets. With these I spent most of my time, and
never was so happy as when feeding and caressing them. This peculiarity of
character grew with my growth, and in my manhood, I derived from it one of
my principal sources of pleasure. To those who have cherished an affection for a
Korean
awe: 외경하다, 경외, 두려움. expound: 설명하다, 상술하다, 상세히 manhood: 남자임, 남자다움, 인간임,
caressing: 애무하는, 달래는 듯한, 설명하다. 성년 남자 전체, 남성기, 성년, 인격,
귀여워하는. hereafter: 내세에서, 금후, 앞으로, 인성, 성인, 성인 남자.
cherished: 품는, 소중히 하는. 이후. narrative: 이야기, 이야기체의, 설화,
conspicuous: 두드러진, 확실히 homely: 검소한, 평범한, 수수한, 설화의, 화술, 설화 문학.
보이는, 눈에 잘 띄는, 현저한, 꾸밈없는, 가정의, 가정적인, 얼굴이 phantasm: 환상, 곡두, 환영.
저명한, 이채를 띤, 뛰어난, 뚜렷한. 못생긴, 내집과 같은, 보기 흉한, 흔히 solicit: 간청하다, 교사하다, 구하다,
disposition: 성질, 처리, 배치, 성향, 있는. 끌다, 권유하다, 뇌물을 써서
처분, 배열. jest: 웃음거리, 농담, 희롱, 우롱하다, 애걸하다, 손님을 끌다, 유혹하다.
docility: 온순, 유순, 다루기 쉬움. 놀리다, 농담을 하다, 농담하다, terrified: 겁먹은, 무서워하는, 겁에
excitable: 흥분하기쉬운, 격하기 쉬운. 까불다. 질린.
 Edgar Allan Poe 85

faithful and sagacious dog, I need hardly be at the trouble of explaining the
nature or the intensity of the gratification thus derivable. There is something in
the unselfish and self-sacrificing love of a brute, which goes directly to the heart
of him who has had frequent occasion to test the paltry friendship and gossamer
fidelity of mere Man.%
I married early, and was happy to find in my wife a disposition not
uncongenial with my own. Observing my partiality for domestic pets, she lost
no opportunity of procuring those of the most agreeable kind. We had birds,
gold-fish, a fine dog, rabbits, a small monkey, and a cat.
This latter was a remarkably large and beautiful animal, entirely black, and
sagacious to an astonishing degree. In speaking of his intelligence, my wife, who
at heart was not a little tinctured with superstition, made frequent allusion to the
ancient popular notion, which regarded all black cats as witches in disguise. Not
that she was ever serious upon this point -- and I mention the matter at all for no
better reason than that it happens, just now, to be remembered.
Pluto -- this was the cat’s name -- was my favorite pet and playmate. I alone
fed him, and he attended me wherever I went about the house. It was even with
difficulty that I could prevent him from following me through the streets.
Our friendship lasted, in this manner, for several years, during which my
general temperament and character -- through the instrumentality of the Fiend
Intemperance -- had (I blush to confess it) experienced a radical alteration for the
worse. I grew, day by day, more moody, more irritable, more regardless of the
feelings of others. I suffered myself to use intemperate language to my wife. At
length, I even offered her personal violence. My pets, of course, were made to
feel the change in my disposition. I not only neglected, but ill-used them. For
Pluto, however, I still retained sufficient regard to restrain me from maltreating
him, as I made no scruple of maltreating the rabbits, the monkey, or even the
dog, when by accident, or through affection, they came in my way. But my
disease grew upon me -- for what disease is like Alcohol! -- and at length even
Pluto, who was now becoming old, and consequently somewhat peevish -- even
Pluto began to experience the effects of my ill temper.

Korean
blush: 붉히다, 부끄러워하다, 얼굴을 성실, 원 물건과 꼭같음, 정절.
붉히다, 얼굴을 붉힘, 얼굴을붉히다, gossamer: 가냘픈, 섬세한, 섬세한
빨개지다, 얼굴이 빨개지다, 물건, 얇은 천, 작은 거미의 집,
발그레해지다, 발그레함, 언뜻 봄. 거미집, 얇은 사, 잔 거미줄 같은.
derivable: 추론할 수 있는, 끌어낼 수 instrumentality: 수단, 도움,
있는, 유도할 수 있는. 대행기관, 방편.
favorite: 마음에 드는 좋아하는 물건, intemperate: 무절제한, 폭음하는,
특히 좋아하는 물건, 특히 잘하는, 절제하지 않는, 사나운, 음주에
인기 있는 말, 마음에 드는, 좋아하는 빠지는, 술에빠지는, 험악한, 혹독한,
사람. 과도한, 혹심한.
fidelity: 충실도, 충실, 엄수, 정확함, partiality: 편파, 편애, 불공평, 기호,
부분적인 것, 부분적인 일, 좋아하기.
peevish: 성마른, 부루퉁한, 짜증이 난,
투정부리는.
playmate: 놀이 친구, 놀이 패.
pluto: 명왕성, 영, 프간의 송유관,
저승의 왕, 플루토.
superstition: 미신, 사교.
uncongenial: 맞지 않은, 성미에 안
맞는, 부적당한, 싫은.
unselfish: 이기적이아닌, 욕심이없는,
이기적이 아닌.
86 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

One night, returning home, much intoxicated, from one of my haunts about
town, I fancied that the cat avoided my presence. I seized him; when, in his fright
at my violence, he inflicted a slight wound upon my hand with his teeth. The
fury of a demon instantly possessed me. I knew myself no longer. My original
soul seemed, at once, to take its flight from my body and a more than fiendish
malevolence, gin-nurtured, thrilled every fibre of my frame. I took from my
waistcoat-pocket a pen-knife, opened it, grasped the poor beast by the throat,
and deliberately cut one of its eyes from the socket! I blush, I burn, I shudder,
while I pen the damnable atrocity.%
When reason returned with the morning -- when I had slept off the fumes of
the night’s debauch -- I experienced a sentiment half of horror, half of remorse,
for the crime of which I had been guilty; but it was, at best, a feeble and
equivocal feeling, and the soul remained untouched. I again plunged into excess,
and soon drowned in wine all memory of the deed.
In the meantime the cat slowly recovered. The socket of the lost eye
presented, it is true, a frightful appearance, but he no longer appeared to suffer
any pain. He went about the house as usual, but, as might be expected, fled in
extreme terror at my approach. I had so much of my old heart left, as to be at first
grieved by this evident dislike on the part of a creature which had once so loved
me. But this feeling soon gave place to irritation. And then came, as if to my final
and irrevocable overthrow, the spirit of PERVERSENESS. Of this spirit
philosophy takes no account. Yet I am not more sure that my soul lives, than I
am that perverseness is one of the primitive impulses of the human heart -- one
of the indivisible primary faculties, or sentiments, which give direction to the
character of Man. Who has not, a hundred times, found himself committing a
vile or a silly action, for no other reason than because he knows he should not?
Have we not a perpetual inclination, in the teeth of our best judgment, to violate
that which is Law, merely because we understand it to be such? This spirit of
perverseness, I say, came to my final overthrow. It was this unfathomable
longing of the soul to vex itself -- to offer violence to its own nature -- to do wrong
for the wrong’s sake only -- that urged me to continue and finally to consummate

Korean
damnable: 지겨운, 저주받을 만한, fiendish: 마성의, 극악한, 귀신 같은, 회한, 자책, 자비.
저주할, 가증한, 경칠 놈의. 공력이 드는, 교묘한, 대단한, 잔인한, unfathomable: 깊이를 헤아릴 수
debauch: 타락시키다, 우혹하다, 난봉, 몹시 불쾌한, 악마 같은, 악마같은, 없는, 불가해한, 잴 수 없는, 심오한.
방탕, 퇴폐시키다, 퇴폐시키다-방탕, 매우 어려운. vex: 성나게 하다, 짜증나게하다, 을
주색에 빠지다. intoxicated: 취하다, 흥분한, 술취한, 분해하다, 뒤흔들리게 하다,
deed: 행위, 실행, 행동, 업적, 증서. 도취된. 동요시키다, 괴롭히다, 초조하게
equivocal: 의심스러운, 두가지 뜻으로 irritation: 자극, 염증, 성남, 아픔, 하다, 격랑이 일게 하다.
해석될 수 있는, 명백하지 않은, 짜증, 화냄, 짜증나게 함, 화, vile: 지독한, 빈약한, 야비한,
모호한, 확실치 않은, 미심스러운, 두 자극하는것, 짜증나는것, 성나게 함. 부도덕한, 대단히 나쁜, 하찮은,
가지 뜻으로 해석되는. malevolence: 악의, 악심. 변변찮은, 상스러운, 비열한, 몹시
fibre: 섬유, 소질, 기질, 섬유질, 강도. remorse: 양심의 가책, 후회, 연민, 나쁜, 비참한.
 Edgar Allan Poe 87

the injury I had inflicted upon the unoffending brute. One morning, in cool
blood, I slipped a noose about its neck and hung it to the limb of a tree; -- hung it
with the tears streaming from my eyes, and with the bitterest remorse at my
heart; -- hung it because I knew that it had loved me, and because I felt it had given
me no reason of offence; -- hung it because I knew that in so doing I was
committing a sin -- a deadly sin that would so jeopardize my immortal soul as to
place it -- if such a thing wore possible -- even beyond the reach of the infinite
mercy of the Most Merciful and Most Terrible God.%
On the night of the day on which this cruel deed was done, I was aroused
from sleep by the cry of fire. The curtains of my bed were in flames. The whole
house was blazing. It was with great difficulty that my wife, a servant, and
myself, made our escape from the conflagration. The destruction was complete.
My entire worldly wealth was swallowed up, and I resigned myself
thenceforward to despair.
I am above the weakness of seeking to establish a sequence of cause and
effect, between the disaster and the atrocity. But I am detailing a chain of facts --
and wish not to leave even a possible link imperfect. On the day succeeding the
fire, I visited the ruins. The walls, with one exception, had fallen in. This
exception was found in a compartment wall, not very thick, which stood about
the middle of the house, and against which had rested the head of my bed. The
plastering had here, in great measure, resisted the action of the fire -- a fact which
I attributed to its having been recently spread. About this wall a dense crowd
were collected, and many persons seemed to be examining a particular portion of
it with very minute and eager attention. The words “strange!” “singular!” and
other similar expressions, excited my curiosity. I approached and saw, as if
graven in bas relief upon the white surface, the figure of a gigantic cat. The
impression was given with an accuracy truly marvellous. There was a rope about
the animal’s neck.
When I first beheld this apparition -- for I could scarcely regard it as less --
my wonder and my terror were extreme. But at length reflection came to my aid.
The cat, I remembered, had been hung in a garden adjacent to the house. Upon

accuracy: 정확, 정밀, 정확성.
adjacent: 부근의, 인접하는, 이웃의.
apparition: 환영, 유령, 요괴, 출현물.
atrocity: 극악, 지독함, 흉악, 포악,
잔인, 잔악행위, 만행, 잔학한 행위.
blazing: 심한, 타는, 강렬한, 타는
듯한, 듯한, 타오르는, 뻔한.
compartment: 구획, 구획실, 칸막이한
객실, 특수 협의 사항, 구분, 칸막이.
conflagration: 큰 화재, 돌발, 큰불.
dense: 우둔한, 조밀한, 짙은, 농밀한,
Korean
머리가 나쁜, 밀집한, 이해하기 힘든. 교수형, 굴레, 덫에 걸다, 목매는
gigantic: 거인 같은, 거대한. 밧줄, 올가미 고를 만들다, 에
graven: 조각된, 감명 깊은, 마음에 올가미를 씌우다.
새겨진, 새긴. ruins: 손해.
imperfect: 미완료의, 불완전한, streaming: 흐름, 능력별 학급 편성.
불충분한, 결점이 있는, 미완료 시제, thenceforward: 그래서, 그러므로,
미완료시제, 반과거의, 미완성의. 그곳에서부터, 그때부터, 그때이래.
jeopardize: 위태롭게 하다, 위험에 unoffending: 죄없는,
빠뜨리다. 사람을성나게하지않는, 해롭지 않은,
noose: 올가미, 유대, 올가미를 해가 없는, 죄가 없는.
치다교살하다, 고를 내어 묶음, worldly: 세속적인, 이 세상의, 세상의.
88 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

the alarm of fire, this garden had been immediately filled by the crowd -- by
some one of whom the animal must have been cut from the tree and thrown,
through an open window, into my chamber. This had probably been done with
the view of arousing me from sleep. The falling of other walls had compressed
the victim of my cruelty into the substance of the freshly-spread plaster; the lime
of which, with the flames, and the ammonia from the carcass, had then
accomplished the portraiture as I saw it.%
Although I thus readily accounted to my reason, if not altogether to my
conscience, for the startling fact just detailed, it did not the less fail to make a
deep impression upon my fancy. For months I could not rid myself of the
phantasm of the cat; and, during this period, there came back into my spirit a
half-sentiment that seemed, but was not, remorse. I went so far as to regret the
loss of the animal, and to look about me, among the vile haunts which I now
habitually frequented, for another pet of the same species, and of somewhat
similar appearance, with which to supply its place.
One night as I sat, half stupified, in a den of more than infamy, my attention
was suddenly drawn to some black object, reposing upon the head of one of the
immense hogsheads of Gin, or of Rum, which constituted the chief furniture of
the apartment. I had been looking steadily at the top of this hogshead for some
minutes, and what now caused me surprise was the fact that I had not sooner
perceived the object thereupon. I approached it, and touched it with my hand. It
was a black cat -- a very large one -- fully as large as Pluto, and closely
resembling him in every respect but one. Pluto had not a white hair upon any
portion of his body; but this cat had a large, although indefinite splotch of
white, covering nearly the whole region of the breast. Upon my touching him, he
immediately arose, purred loudly, rubbed against my hand, and appeared
delighted with my notice. This, then, was the very creature of which I was in
search. I at once offered to purchase it of the landlord; but this person made no
claim to it -- knew nothing of it -- had never seen it before.
I continued my caresses, and, when I prepared to go home, the animal
evinced a disposition to accompany me. I permitted it to do so; occasionally

accompany: 반주하다, 따르다, 따르게
하다, 동반하다.
accomplished: 성취된, 뛰어난, 교양이
있는, 능란한, 세련된, 조예가 깊은,
기정의, 완료된, 완성된.
ammonia: 암모니아, 암모니아수.
carcass: 짐승의 시체, 형해, 시체,
뼈대.
cruelty: 잔학, 잔인한 행위, 끔찍함,
잔혹, 학대, 잔인성, 무자비.
den: 굴, 소굴, 작고 아늑한 사실, 밀실,
Korean
사실, 유년단의 분대. lime: 참피나무, 석회, 보리수, 레몬
habitually: 습관적으로, 스관적으로. 비슷한 과실, 끈끈이, 라임 주스,
hogshead: 액량단위, 큰통, 액량의 라임, 에 끈끈이를 바르다, 에 석회를
단위, 큰 통. 뿌리다, 새 잡는 끈끈이.
indefinite: 부정의, 명확하지 않은, loudly: 큰소리로, 화려하게, 고성으로.
막연한, 애매한, 일정하지 않은, 한계 portraiture: 초상화, 묘사, 초상화법.
없는, 일정치 않은, 불명료한, 한계가 splotch: 큰 얼룩, 얼룩지게 하다, 큰
없는. 얼룩점.
infamy: 불명예, 오명, 악평, 파렴치한 thereupon: 그위에, 그러므로,
행위, 추행, 비행, 파렴치죄에 의한 그리하여, 거기서, 그 위에, 그 후
공민권상실. 즉시.
 Edgar Allan Poe 89

stooping and patting it as I proceeded. When it reached the house it

domesticated itself at once, and became immediately a great favorite with my
wife.%
For my own part, I soon found a dislike to it arising within me. This was just
the reverse of what I had anticipated; but -- I know not how or why it was -- its
evident fondness for myself rather disgusted and annoyed. By slow degrees,
these feelings of disgust and annoyance rose into the bitterness of hatred. I
avoided the creature; a certain sense of shame, and the remembrance of my
former deed of cruelty, preventing me from physically abusing it. I did not, for
some weeks, strike, or otherwise violently ill use it; but gradually -- very
gradually -- I came to look upon it with unutterable loathing, and to flee silently
from its odious presence, as from the breath of a pestilence.
What added, no doubt, to my hatred of the beast, was the discovery, on the
morning after I brought it home, that, like Pluto, it also had been deprived of one
of its eyes. This circumstance, however, only endeared it to my wife, who, as I
have already said, possessed, in a high degree, that humanity of feeling which
had once been my distinguishing trait, and the source of many of my simplest
and purest pleasures.
With my aversion to this cat, however, its partiality for myself seemed to
increase. It followed my footsteps with a pertinacity which it would be difficult
to make the reader comprehend. Whenever I sat, it would crouch beneath my
chair, or spring upon my knees, covering me with its loathsome caresses. If I
arose to walk it would get between my feet and thus nearly throw me down, or,
fastening its long and sharp claws in my dress, clamber, in this manner, to my
breast. At such times, although I longed to destroy it with a blow, I was yet
withheld from so doing, partly by a memory of my former crime, but chiefly --
let me confess it at once -- by absolute dread of the beast.
This dread was not exactly a dread of physical evil -- and yet I should be at a
loss how otherwise to define it. I am almost ashamed to own -- yes, even in this
felon’s cell, I am almost ashamed to own -- that the terror and horror with which
the animal inspired me, had been heightened by one of the merest chimaeras it

aversion: 혐오, 반감, 싫은 것, 싫은
사람.
bitterness: 씀, 비참함, 격심함, 고통,
신랄, 불황.
clamber: 기어 올라가다, 기어 올라감,
힘들여 기어 올라가다, 기어오르다.
crouch: 웅크림, 굽실거리다, 몸을
구부리다, 쭈그리다, 쪼그리고 앉다,
비굴하게 굽실거림, 오그라지다,
움츠리다, 웅크리다, 위축되다, 바싹
웅크리다.
Korean
disgusted: 메스꺼워찌게 하는. pertinacity: 완고, 불요 불굴,
distinguishing: 다른 것과 구별되는, 불요불굴, 외고집, 집착력, 집요함,
구별이 있는, 특색 있는. 끈덕짐.
fastening: 죔, 잠그기, 닫음, 붙임, pestilence: 페스트, 평화를 파괴하는,
잠그는 도구, 잠금, 채우는기구, 치명적인, 악성 유행병, 성가신.
고정시키기. remembrance: 기념, 기억, 회상, 추억,
fondness: 취미, 경신, 기호, 도타운 기념품, 기억력, 전갈, 기억의 범위,
사랑, 자애, 좋아함, 귀여워함, 유물, 잊지 않고 있음, 안부를 묻는
다정함, 맹목적 사랑. 전언.
loathing: 지겨움, 강한 혐오, 질색, trait: 특색, 특징, 얼굴 모습, 특성,
혐오, 싫음, 혐오를 느끼는. 일필.
90 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

would%be possible to conceive. My wife had called my attention, more than

once, to the character of the mark of white hair, of which I have spoken, and
which constituted the sole visible difference between the strange beast and the
one I had destroyed. The reader will remember that this mark, although large,
had been originally very indefinite; but, by slow degrees -- degrees nearly
imperceptible, and which for a long time my Reason struggled to reject as
fanciful -- it had, at length, assumed a rigorous distinctness of outline. It was
now the representation of an object that I shudder to name -- and for this, above
all, I loathed, and dreaded, and would have rid myself of the monster had I dared
-- it was now, I say, the image of a hideous -- of a ghastly thing -- of the
GALLOWS! -- oh, mournful and terrible engine of Horror and of Crime -- of
Agony and of Death!
And now was I indeed wretched beyond the wretchedness of mere
Humanity. And a brute beast -- whose fellow I had contemptuously destroyed -- a
brute beast to work out for me -- for me a man, fashioned in the image of the High
God -- so much of insufferable wo! Alas! neither by day nor by night knew I the
blessing of Rest any more! During the former the creature left me no moment
alone; and, in the latter, I started, hourly, from dreams of unutterable fear, to find
the hot breath of the thing upon my face, and its vast weight -- an incarnate
Night-Mare that I had no power to shake off -- incumbent eternally upon my
heart!
Beneath the pressure of torments such as these, the feeble remnant of the
good within me succumbed. Evil thoughts became my sole intimates -- the
darkest and most evil of thoughts. The moodiness of my usual temper increased
to hatred of all things and of all mankind; while, from the sudden, frequent, and
ungovernable outbursts of a fury to which I now blindly abandoned myself, my
uncomplaining wife, alas! was the most usual and the most patient of sufferers.
One day she accompanied me, upon some household errand, into the cellar
of the old building which our poverty compelled us to inhabit. The cat followed
me down the steep stairs, and, nearly throwing me headlong, exasperated me to
madness. Uplifting an axe, and forgetting, in my wrath, the childish dread which

Korean
errand: 심부름, 볼일, 사명, 심부름의 hourly: 빈번히, 한 시간마다, 빈번한,
내용, 내용. 한 시간마다의.
eternally: 영원히, 끊임없이, 끝없이, incumbent: 기대는, 현직의, 현직자,
언제나, 영구히. 성직자, 재직 목사, 소유자, 의지하는,
fanciful: 공상의, 변덕스런, 기발한, 의무로써 지워지는, 의무로서
기상 천외한, 공상에 잠기는. 지워지는, 쑥내밀고 있는, 수록.
ghastly: 무시무시한, 지독한, inhabit: 에 살다, 거주하다, 살다, 에
송장같은, 핼쑥한, 파랗게 질린, 존재하다, 에 깃들다.
무섭게, 무서운, 할쑥한, 심한, insufferable: 참을 수 없는, 비위에
무시무시하게. 거슬리는.
hatred: 증오, 혐오, 몹시 싫어함, 미움. madness: 광기, 열광, 광희, 정신 착란.
moodiness: 우울, 변덕.
mournful: 슬픔에 잠긴, 슬픈,
애처로운.
remnant: 나머지, 유물, 자투리,
찌꺼기, 잔존물, 지스러기, 잔여,
나머지 의, 유풍, 자취, 끄트러기.
shudder: 떨다, 떪, 몸서리치다, 떨림,
몸서리.
uncomplaining: 불평하지 않은,
불평을 말하지 않는.
wretchedness: 야비, 불쾌, 연민.
 Edgar Allan Poe 91

had hitherto stayed my hand, I aimed a blow at the animal which, of course,
would have proved instantly fatal had it descended as I wished. But this blow
was arrested by the hand of my wife. Goaded, by the interference, into a rage
more than demoniacal, I withdrew my arm from her grasp and buried the axe in
her brain. She fell dead upon the spot, without a groan.%
This hideous murder accomplished, I set myself forthwith, and with entire
deliberation, to the task of concealing the body. I knew that I could not remove it
from the house, either by day or by night, without the risk of being observed by
the neighbors. Many projects entered my mind. At one period I thought of
cutting the corpse into minute fragments, and destroying them by fire. At
another, I resolved to dig a grave for it in the floor of the cellar. Again, I
deliberated about casting it in the well in the yard -- about packing it in a box, as
if merchandize, with the usual arrangements, and so getting a porter to take it
from the house. Finally I hit upon what I considered a far better expedient than
either of these. I determined to wall it up in the cellar -- as the monks of the
middle ages are recorded to have walled up their victims.
For a purpose such as this the cellar was well adapted. Its walls were loosely
constructed, and had lately been plastered throughout with a rough plaster,
which the dampness of the atmosphere had prevented from hardening.
Moreover, in one of the walls was a projection, caused by a false chimney, or
fireplace, that had been filled up, and made to resemble the red of the cellar. I
made no doubt that I could readily displace the bricks at this point, insert the
corpse, and wall the whole up as before, so that no eye could detect any thing
suspicious. And in this calculation I was not deceived. By means of a crow-bar I
easily dislodged the bricks, and, having carefully deposited the body against the
inner wall, I propped it in that position, while, with little trouble, I re-laid the
whole structure as it originally stood. Having procured mortar, sand, and hair,
with every possible precaution, I prepared a plaster which could not be
distinguished from the old, and with this I very carefully went over the new
brickwork. When I had finished, I felt satisfied that all was right. The wall did
not present the slightest appearance of having been disturbed. The rubbish on

Korean
brickwork: 벽돌로 지은 집, 편법, 방편, 편의주의의, 공리적인, 모르타르로 굳히다, 막자 사발, 유발,
벽돌로지은것, 벽돌쌓기. 형편좋은, 임기응변의조처, 시의를 절구, 철확, 회반죽 -에 모르타르를
dampness: 습기, 축축함. 얻은, 편의한. 바르다, 에 모르타르를 바르다, 구포.
deliberation: 숙고, 심의, 신중, fireplace: 벽난로. packing: 포장, 짐꾸리기, 채워 넣는것,
신중함, 고의. hardening: 담금질, 경화, 불림, 통조림 제조, 포장용품, 통조림
demoniacal: 귀신 같은, 귀신의. 경화제, 표면 경화, 단련. 제조업, 짐 꾸리기, 습포, 패킹.
displace: 바꾸어 놓다, 면직하다, insert: 삽입물, 끼워넣다, 삽입하다, plastered: 취한, 술에 취해서.
이동시키다, 대치하다, 대신 삽입자막, 삽입광고, 삽입 페이지, projection: 계획, 돌출, 발사, 사출,
들어서다, 배수량을 가지다, 삽입 자막, 끼우다, 게재하다, 써넣다, 영사, 주관의 객관화, 투사, 투영,
해임하다, 치환하다. 삽입. 주관의 투영, 돌출부.
expedient: 수단, 유리한, 정략적인, mortar: 모르타르, 박격포, 회반죽- walled: 벽이 있는.
92 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

the%floor was picked up with the minutest care. I looked around triumphantly,
and said to myself -- “Here at least, then, my labor has not been in vain.”
My next step was to look for the beast which had been the cause of so much
wretchedness; for I had, at length, firmly resolved to put it to death. Had I been
able to meet with it, at the moment, there could have been no doubt of its fate;
but it appeared that the crafty animal had been alarmed at the violence of my
previous anger, and forebore to present itself in my present mood. It is
impossible to describe, or to imagine, the deep, the blissful sense of relief which
the absence of the detested creature occasioned in my bosom. It did not make its
appearance during the night -- and thus for one night at least, since its
introduction into the house, I soundly and tranquilly slept; aye, slept even with
the burden of murder upon my soul!
The second and the third day passed, and still my tormentor came not. Once
again I breathed as a freeman. The monster, in terror, had fled the premises
forever! I should behold it no more! My happiness was supreme! The guilt of my
dark deed disturbed me but little. Some few inquiries had been made, but these
had been readily answered. Even a search had been instituted -- but of course
nothing was to be discovered. I looked upon my future felicity as secured.
Upon the fourth day of the assassination, a party of the police came, very
unexpectedly, into the house, and proceeded again to make rigorous
investigation of the premises. Secure, however, in the inscrutability of my place
of concealment, I felt no embarrassment whatever. The officers bade me
accompany them in their search. They left no nook or corner unexplored. At
length, for the third or fourth time, they descended into the cellar. I quivered not
in a muscle. My heart beat calmly as that of one who slumbers in innocence. I
walked the cellar from end to end. I folded my arms upon my bosom, and
roamed easily to and fro. The police were thoroughly satisfied and prepared to
depart. The glee at my heart was too strong to be restrained. I burned to say if
but one word, by way of triumph, and to render doubly sure their assurance of
my guiltlessness.

Korean
behold: 보다. 교묘함, 경사, 적절. 준비, 정밀한, 엄밀하게, 호된,
blissful: 행복한, 더없이 행복한. freeman: 자유민, 시민권등이 있는 엄격한, 장비, 엄한, 사람 등이
calmly: 고요히, 냉정하게, 태연하게, 공민, 시민권등이있는공민. 혹독한.
태연히, 냉정히, 온화하게, 조용하게. glee: 환희, 유쾌, 합창곡, 기쁨, 삼부 tormentor: 써레, 고기 집는 긴 포크,
crafty: 교활한, 교묘한, 간사한, 나쁜 또는 그 이상의 합창곡, 환회. 괴롭히는 사람, 반향 방지 스크린,
꾀가 많은, 간사하게. inscrutability: 불가사의, 불가해, 고통을 주는 사람, 무대 양 의 가림막,
depart: 벗어나다, 출발하다, 떠나다, 측량할 수 없음, 헤아릴수 없음, 무대 양 옆의 가림막, 괴롭히는 물건.
빗나가다, 세상을 떠나다. 불가사의한것, 헤아릴 수 없음. tranquilly: 평온하게, 조용하게,
doubly: 두 곱으로, 이중으로, restrained: 자제된, 억제된, 삼가는, 차분하게.
일구이언으로, 두 배로. 차분한, 절도있는, 절도 있는. unexplored: 아직 탐험되지 않은, 아직
felicity: 행복, 지복, 적절한 표현, rigorous: 엄밀한, 혹독한, 정확한, 탐구되지 않은, 아직 답사되지 않은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 93

“Gentlemen,” I said at last, as the party ascended the steps, “I delight to have
allayed your suspicions. I wish you all health, and a little more courtesy. By the
bye, gentlemen, this -- this is a very well constructed house.” [In the rabid desire
to say something easily, I scarcely knew what I uttered at all.] -- “I may say an
excellently well constructed house. These walls are you going, gentlemen? -- these
walls are solidly put together;” and here, through the mere phrenzy of bravado,
I rapped heavily, with a cane which I held in my hand, upon that very portion of
the brick-work behind which stood the corpse of the wife of my bosom.%
But may God shield and deliver me from the fangs of the Arch-Fiend! No
sooner had the reverberation of my blows sunk into silence, than I was answered
by a voice from within the tomb! -- by a cry, at first muffled and broken, like the
sobbing of a child, and then quickly swelling into one long, loud, and
continuous scream, utterly anomalous and inhuman -- a howl -- a wailing
shriek, half of horror and half of triumph, such as might have arisen only out of
hell, conjointly from the throats of the dammed in their agony and of the
demons that exult in the damnation.
Of my own thoughts it is folly to speak. Swooning, I staggered to the
opposite wall. For one instant the party upon the stairs remained motionless,
through extremity of terror and of awe. In the next, a dozen stout arms were
toiling at the wall. It fell bodily. The corpse, already greatly decayed and clotted
with gore, stood erect before the eyes of the spectators. Upon its head, with red
extended mouth and solitary eye of fire, sat the hideous beast whose craft had
seduced me into murder, and whose informing voice had consigned me to the
hangman. I had walled the monster up within the tomb!

bravado: 허세, 허장성세.
clotted: 응고한, 순전한, 전적인, 엉긴.
conjointly: 공동으로.
damnation: 저주, 파멸, 지옥에
떨어뜨림, 비난, 아뿔사, 악평, 욕설,
젠장, 지옥에 떨어뜨림-제기랄, 천벌,
제기랄.
decayed: 부식하는.
exult: 무척기뻐하다, 크게 기뻐하다.
gore: 삼각형의 헝겊 조각, 응혈,
찌르다, 흘린피, 무를 달다, 꽂다, 무,
Korean
삼각형의 토지, 핏덩어리, 엄니로 초인적인, 잔학한, 냉혹한, 잔인한.
받다, 에 이음천을 대다. rabid: 맹렬한, 미친, 공수병에 걸린,
hangman: 교수형 집행리, 교수형 과격한, 미친 듯한, 광견의, 광포한,
집행인. 미쳐 날뛰는, 열광적인.
howl: 멀리서 짖다, 울부짖으며 reverberation: 반향, 반사, 반사광,
말하다, 윙윙 휘몰아 치다, 짖다, 반사열, 반사열처리, 반향음, 여운.
짖음, 큰 소리를 내다, 호통쳐서 sobbing: 흐느껴 우는.
침묵시키다, 멀리서 짖는 소리, 악을 solidly: 고체, 속이 비지 않은, 순수한,
쓰며 말하다. 견실한, 신뢰할 수 있는, 고체의,
informing: 유익한, 교육적인. 단결된, 두꺼운, 똑 같은, 멋진,
inhuman: 몰인정한, 비인간적인, 사이가 좋은.
94 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

THE FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER

Son cœur est un luth suspendu;

Sitôt qu’on le touche il rèsonne.%
--De Béranger

During the whole of a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn of the
year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing
alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country; and at length
found myself, as the shades of the evening drew on, within view of the
melancholy House of Usher. I know not how it was -- but, with the first glimpse
of the building, a sense of insufferable gloom pervaded my spirit. I say
insufferable; for the feeling was unrelieved by any of that half-pleasurable,
because poetic, sentiment, with which the mind usually receives even the
sternest natural images of the desolate or terrible. I looked upon the scene before
me -- upon the mere house, and the simple landscape features of the domain --
upon the bleak walls -- upon the vacant eye-like windows -- upon a few rank
sedges -- and upon a few white trunks of decayed trees -- with an utter
depression of soul which I can compare to no earthly sensation more properly
than to the after-dream of the reveller upon opium -- the bitter lapse into
everyday life -- the hideous dropping off of the veil. There was an iciness, a
sinking, a sickening of the heart -- an unredeemed dreariness of thought which
Korean
earthly: 지구의, 세속의, 속세의, reveller: 주연을 베푸는 사람, 넓은 면적.
도대체, 전혀, 이 세상의, 지상의. 술마시고 떠드는 사람. unredeemed: 완화되지 않은,
everyday: 일상의, 매일의. singularly: 단수로, 단수, 이상하게, 상환되지못한, 보상되지 않은,
horseback: 말의 등, 말등, 말을 타고. 훌륭한, 각각의 단수의, 개개의, 단 회수하지 못한, 상환되지 못한.
iciness: 싸늘함, 냉담한, 얼음 같은 하나의, 독특한, 멋진, 이상한, unrelieved: 단조로운, 누그러지지
차가움, 냉담. 현저한. 않은, 변화없는, 구제되지 않는,
melancholy: 우울, 우울한, 습관적인 soundless: 깊이를 헤아릴 수 없는, 구제받지 못한, 평면적인, 요철없는,
우울, 우울병, 체질적인 우울, 우울증. 아주 깊은, 소리나지 않는, 깊이를 잴 변화 없는, 명암 없는, 요철 없는.
opium: 아편. 수 없는, 소리 없는. veil: 베일, 감추다, 가리개, 구실, 너울,
oppressively: 가혹하게, 우울하게, tract: 소책자, 팜플렛, 지역, 관, 넓이, 덮어 가리는 물건, 막, 싸다, 베일을
압제적으로, 답답하게. 기간, 계통, 넓은 땅, 소논문, 다발, 걸치다, 덮개, 연구개.
 Edgar Allan Poe 95

no goading of the imagination could torture into aught of the sublime. What
was it -- I paused to think -- what was it that so unnerved me in the
contemplation of the House of Usher? It was a mystery all insoluble; nor could I
grapple with the shadowy fancies that crowded upon me as I pondered. I was
forced to fall back upon the unsatisfactory conclusion, that while, beyond doubt,
there are combinations of very simple natural objects which have the power of
thus affecting us, still the analysis of this power lies among considerations
beyond our depth. It was possible, I reflected, that a mere different arrangement
of the particulars of the scene, of the details of the picture, would be sufficient to
modify, or perhaps to annihilate its capacity for sorrowful impression; and,
acting upon this idea, I reined my horse to the precipitous brink of a black and
lurid tarn that lay in unruffled lustre by the dwelling, and gazed down -- but
with a shudder even more thrilling than before -- upon the remodelled and
inverted images of the gray sedge, and the ghastly tree-stems, and the vacant
and eye-like windows.%
Nevertheless, in this mansion of gloom I now proposed to myself a sojourn
of some weeks. Its proprietor, Roderick Usher, had been one of my boon
companions in boyhood; but many years had elapsed since our last meeting. A
letter, however, had lately reached me in a distant part of the country -- a letter
from him -- which, in its wildly importunate nature, had admitted of no other
than a personal reply. The MS. gave evidence of nervous agitation. The writer
spoke of acute bodily illness -- of a mental disorder which oppressed him -- and
of an earnest desire to see me, as his best, and indeed his only personal friend,
with a view of attempting, by the cheerfulness of my society, some alleviation of
his malady. It was the manner in which all this, and much more, was said -- it
was the apparent heart that went with his request -- which allowed me no room
for hesitation; and I accordingly obeyed forthwith what I still considered a very
singular summons.
Although, as boys, we had been even intimate associates, yet I really knew
little of my friend. His reserve had been always excessive and habitual. I was
aware, however, that his very ancient family had been noted, time out of mind,

Korean
alleviation: 경감, 완화. importunate: 귀찮은, 성가신,
annihilate: 전멸시키다, 완패시키다, 귀찮은조르는, 끈덕진, 끈질긴.
절멸시키다, 무효로 하다, lurid: 창백한, 무시무시한, 무서운,
근절시키다, 억누르다. 섬쩍지근하게붉은, 구름 따위 불타
aught: 아마, 아무래도 상관 없다, 어떤 오르듯이 붉은, 불타 오르듯이 붉은,
일, 어떤 것, 무엇이든. 어쩐지 기분 나쁜, 전광 따위 불타
boyhood: 소년기, 소년사회, 소년들. 오르듯이 붉은, 풍경 따위 불타
cheerfulness: 쾌활하는 것. 오르듯이 붉은, 하늘 따위 불타
grapple: 맞붙어 싸우다, 격투, 붙잡다, 오르듯이 붉은.
고정하다, 꽉 쥐다, 드잡이, 접전하다, malady: 병폐, 병, 질병, 특히
잡기, 완수하려고 노력하다, 잡다. 만성적인 질병.
sedge: 사초속의 식물, 사초 같은,
사초.
sojourn: 위안, 위안물, 위로, 묵다,
체류.
sorrowful: 슬픈, 가슴아픈,
슬퍼보이는, 애처로운, 슬퍼하는,
슬프게 하는, 슬픔에 젖은, 후회하는.
tarn: 작은 호수, 제비갈매기.
unruffled: 조용한, 냉정한,
떠들어대지않는, 물결이 일지 않은,
혼란되지않은, 파문이 일지 않은.
96 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

for%a peculiar sensibility of temperament, displaying itself, through long ages, in

many works of exalted art, and manifested, of late, in repeated deeds of
munificent yet unobtrusive charity, as well as in a passionate devotion to the
intricacies, perhaps even more than to the orthodox and easily recognisable
beauties, of musical science. I had learned, too, the very remarkable fact, that the
stem of the Usher race, all time-honored as it was, had put forth, at no period,
any enduring branch; in other words, that the entire family lay in the direct line
of descent, and had always, with very trifling and very temporary variation, so
lain. It was this deficiency, I considered, while running over in thought the
perfect keeping of the character of the premises with the accredited character of
the people, and while speculating upon the possible influence which the one, in
the long lapse of centuries, might have exercised upon the other -- it was this
deficiency, perhaps, of collateral issue, and the consequent undeviating
transmission, from sire to son, of the patrimony with the name, which had, at
length, so identified the two as to merge the original title of the estate in the
quaint and equivocal appellation of the “House of Usher” -- an appellation
which seemed to include, in the minds of the peasantry who used it, both the
family and the family mansion.
I have said that the sole effect of my somewhat childish experiment -- that of
looking down within the tarn -- had been to deepen the first singular impression.
There can be no doubt that the consciousness of the rapid increase of my
superstition -- for why should I not so term it? -- served mainly to accelerate the
increase itself. Such, I have long known, is the paradoxical law of all sentiments
having terror as a basis. And it might have been for this reason only, that, when
I again uplifted my eyes to the house itself, from its image in the pool, there
grew in my mind a strange fancy -- a fancy so ridiculous, indeed, that I but
mention it to show the vivid force of the sensations which oppressed me. I had
so worked upon my imagination as really to believe that about the whole
mansion and domain there hung an atmosphere peculiar to themselves and their
immediate vicinity -- an atmosphere which had no affinity with the air of heaven,
but which had reeked up from the decayed trees, and the gray wall, and the

Korean
accredited: 정통의, 기준 합격의, 깊게 되다, 진하게 되다.
일반적으로 인정된, 인정된, 용인, deficiency: 결핍, 결함, 부족액,
공인된, 신앙이 정통의. 부족분, 부족, 부족량.
appellation: 명칭, 명명, 호칭. domain: 범위, 영역, 영토, 자구, 변역,
collateral: 방계친, 부저당, 서로 토지, 개인 소유지, 개인소유지.
나란한, 부대적인, 방계의-방계의 enduring: 영속적인, 참는, 참을 수
친척, 방계의, 담보 물건, 부대사실, 있는.
부차적인, 부행의, 직계가 아닌. mansion: 대저택, 성수, 아파트.
deepen: 깊게 하다, 깊어지다, patrimony: 세습 재산, 교회 재산,
짙게하다, 낮게 되다, 낮게 하다, 집안에 전래되는 것, 사원 기본 재산,
진하게 하다, 굵게 하다, 굵게 되다, 교회 기본 재산.
sire: 폐하, 아버지, 아비말, 노년자,
전하, 아비, 낳게 하다.
time-honored: 예로부터의.
undeviating: 벗어나지않는, 정도를
벗어나지않는, 탈선하지않는,
편차나지 않는.
unobtrusive: 겸손한, 주제넘지 않은.
uplifted: 높여진, 향상된, 사기왕성한,
자랑스러운.
vivid: 생생한, 선명한, 똑똑한, 산뜻한,
발랄한, 뜻한, 밝은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 97

silent tarn -- a pestilent and mystic vapor, dull, sluggish, faintly discernible, and
leaden-hued.
Shaking off from my spirit what must have been a dream, I scanned more
narrowly the real aspect of the building. Its principal feature seemed to be that of
an excessive antiquity. The discoloration of ages had been great. Minute fungi
overspread the whole exterior, hanging in a fine tangled web-work from the
eaves. Yet all this was apart from any extraordinary dilapidation. No portion of
the masonry had fallen; and there appeared to be a wild inconsistency between
its still perfect adaptation of parts, and the crumbling condition of the individual
stones. In this there was much that reminded me of the specious totality of old
wood-work which has rotted for long years in some neglected vault, with no
disturbance from the breath of the external air. Beyond this indication of
extensive decay, however, the fabric gave little token of instability. Perhaps the
eye of a scrutinizing observer might have discovered a barely perceptible fissure,
which, extending from the roof of the building in front, made its way down the
wall in a zigzag direction, until it became lost in the sullen waters of the tarn.%
Noticing these things, I rode over a short causeway to the house. A servant
in waiting took my horse, and I entered the Gothic archway of the hall. A valet,
of stealthy step, thence conducted me, in silence, through many dark and
intricate passages in my progress to the studio of his master. Much that I
encountered on the way contributed, I know not how, to heighten the vague
sentiments of which I have already spoken. While the objects around me -- while
the carvings of the ceilings, the sombre tapestries of the walls, the ebon blackness
of the floors, and the phantasmagoric armorial trophies which rattled as I strode,
were but matters to which, or to such as which, I had been accustomed from my
infancy -- while I hesitated not to acknowledge how familiar was all this -- I still
wondered to find how unfamiliar were the fancies which ordinary images were
stirring up. On one of the staircases, I met the physician of the family. His
countenance, I thought, wore a mingled expression of low cunning and
perplexity. He accosted me with trepidation and passed on. The valet now
threw open a door and ushered me into the presence of his master.

Korean
armorial: 문장의, 문장서. 터지게 되다.
causeway: 인도, 에 둑길을 만들다, overspread: 전면에 펴다, 전면에
둑길, 두렁길, 자갈 등을 깔다. 퍼지다, 전면에 펼치다.
dilapidation: 황폐, 허물어진 perplexity: 난처한 일, 당황, 혼란,
것.손모료, 무너짐, 사태, 황량. 분규, 난국, 곤혹.
discoloration: 변색, 퇴색. pestilent: 전염하는, 치명적인, 해로운,
ebon: 흑단 흑단의, 칠흙의, 흑단으로 귀찮은, 위험한, 사회적으로 위험한,
만든. 성가신.
fissure: 틈, 틈이 생기게 하다, 금, phantasmagoric: 환영 같은,
갈라지다, 분할, 열구, 갈라진 틈, 주마등같이 변하는, 주마등같이
찢어진 금, 갈라진 금, 쪼개진 틈, 변하는 광경의, 허깨비같은.
stealthy: 몰래 한, 비밀의, 남의 눈을
피하는.
valet: 종자, 보이, 돌보다, 시종,
시종으로 섬기다, 남의 옷을 돌보다.
zigzag: 지그재그의, 갈짓자형의,
제드자 꼴로, 지그재그로 움직이다,
지그재그로 나아가게 하다,
지그재그꼴로 하다, 제드자형의,
제드자 꼴의 것, 사람이 갈짓자로
걷다, 길 제드자 꼴을 이루다, 강이
제드자 꼴로 흐르다.
98 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

The room in which I found myself was very large and lofty. The windows
were long, narrow, and pointed, and at so vast a distance from the black oaken
floor as to be altogether inaccessible from within. Feeble gleams of encrimsoned
light made their way through the trellissed panes, and served to render
sufficiently distinct the more prominent objects around; the eye, however,
struggled in vain to reach the remoter angles of the chamber, or the recesses of
the vaulted and fretted ceiling. Dark draperies hung upon the walls. The general
furniture was profuse, comfortless, antique, and tattered. Many books and
musical instruments lay scattered about, but failed to give any vitality to the
scene. I felt that I breathed an atmosphere of sorrow. An air of stern, deep, and
irredeemable gloom hung over and pervaded all.%
Upon my entrance, Usher arose from a sofa on which he had been lying at
full length, and greeted me with a vivacious warmth which had much in it, I at
first thought, of an overdone cordiality -- of the constrained effort of the ennuyé;
man of the world. A glance, however, at his countenance, convinced me of his
perfect sincerity. We sat down; and for some moments, while he spoke not, I
gazed upon him with a feeling half of pity, half of awe. Surely, man had never
before so terribly altered, in so brief a period, as had Roderick Usher! It was with
difficulty that I could bring myself to admit the identity of the wan being before
me with the companion of my early boyhood. Yet the character of his face had
been at all times remarkable. A cadaverousness of complexion; an eye large,
liquid, and luminous beyond comparison; lips somewhat thin and very pallid,
but of a surpassingly beautiful curve; a nose of a delicate Hebrew model, but
with a breadth of nostril unusual in similar formations; a finely moulded chin,
speaking, in its want of prominence, of a want of moral energy; hair of a more
than web-like softness and tenuity; these features, with an inordinate expansion
above the regions of the temple, made up altogether a countenance not easily to
be forgotten. And now in the mere exaggeration of the prevailing character of
these features, and of the expression they were wont to convey, lay so much of
change that I doubted to whom I spoke. The now ghastly pallor of the skin, and
the now miraculous lustre of the eye, above all things startled and even awed
me. The silken hair, too, had been suffered to grow all unheeded, and as, in its

awed: 경외심을 나타낸.
comfortless: 위안이 없는, 쓸쓸한,
낙이 없는, 부자유스러운.
cordiality: 진심, 진심어린 언동,
따뜻한 우정, 성실, 충정, 친절.
fretted: 안달이 난, 기러기발이 있는,
뇌문 무늬의, 부식된.
inordinate: 과도한, 무절제한, 지나친,
난폭한.
irredeemable: 되살 수 없는, 불치의,
불환의 무상환공채, 정시상환채권,
Korean
불환의, 무상환의, 등이 상환되지 surpassingly: 비상하게, 우수하게,
않는, 교정할수 없는, 구제하기 뛰어나게.
어려운, 상환되지 않는. tattered: 해진 옷, 누덕누덕한,
nostril: 콧구멍. 망그러진, 산산조각이 난, 해진.
oaken: 떡갈나무제의, 오크재의. tenuity: 가늚, 희박, 엷음, 빈약, 얇음.
overdone: 과도한, 녹초가 된, 너무 unheeded: 무시된, 돌봐지지않는,
익힌, 과로한, 의 과거분사형, 과장된, 배려되지 않는, 고려되지 않는.
너무 삶은, 너무 구운. vivacious: 활발한, 명랑한, 다년생의,
pallid: 창백한, 해쓱한, 파랗게 질린. 생기 있는, 활기있는.
pallor: 창백, 해쓱함, 피부 따위의 wont: 습관, 버릇처럼 된, 풍습,
창백, 얼굴 따위의 창백. 늘...하는, 에 익숙한.
 Edgar Allan Poe 99

wild gossamer texture, it floated rather than fell about the face, I could not, even
with effort, connect its Arabesque expression with any idea of simple humanity.
In the manner of my friend I was at once struck with an incoherence -- an
inconsistency; and I soon found this to arise from a series of feeble and futile
struggles to overcome an habitual trepidancy -- an excessive nervous agitation.
For something of this nature I had indeed been prepared, no less by his letter,
than by reminiscences of certain boyish traits, and by conclusions deduced from
his peculiar physical conformation and temperament. His action was alternately
vivacious and sullen. His voice varied rapidly from a tremulous indecision
(when the animal spirits seemed utterly in abeyance) to that species of energetic
concision -- that abrupt, weighty, unhurried, and hollow-sounding enunciation
-- that leaden, self-balanced and perfectly modulated guttural utterance, which
may be observed in the lost drunkard, or the irreclaimable eater of opium,
during the periods of his most intense excitement.%
It was thus that he spoke of the object of my visit, of his earnest desire to see
me, and of the solace he expected me to afford him. He entered, at some length,
into what he conceived to be the nature of his malady. It was, he said, a
constitutional and a family evil, and one for which he despaired to find a remedy
-- a mere nervous affection, he immediately added, which would undoubtedly
soon pass off. It displayed itself in a host of unnatural sensations. Some of these,
as he detailed them, interested and bewildered me; although, perhaps, the terms,
and the general manner of the narration had their weight. He suffered much
from a morbid acuteness of the senses; the most insipid food was alone
endurable; he could wear only garments of certain texture; the odors of all
flowers were oppressive; his eyes were tortured by even a faint light; and there
were but peculiar sounds, and these from stringed instruments, which did not
inspire him with horror.
To an anomalous species of terror I found him a bounden slave. “I shall
perish,” said he, “I must perish in this deplorable folly. Thus, thus, and not
otherwise, shall I be lost. I dread the events of the future, not in themselves, but
in their results. I shudder at the thought of any, even the most trivial, incident,

Korean
acuteness: 날카로움, 명민함, 격심함. enunciation: 발음, 언명, 선언, 공표,
bounden: 책임있는, 은혜를입고. 똑똑한 말투.
boyish: 소년의, 소년 같은, 여자 guttural: 목구멍의, 후음, 후두음,
아이가 같은. 후두음문자.
concision: 간결, 간명, 절단, 분리. incoherence: 조리가 서지 않음, 지리
deplorable: 비참한, 슬퍼할, 가엾은, 멸렬, 조리가 맞지 않는, 모순된 생각,
애처로운, 통탄할. 논리가 맞지 않음, 지리 멸렬의.
eater: 먹는 사람, 부식물, 날로 먹을 수 indecision: 우유부단, 우유 부단.
있는 과일, 먹을수 있는 생열매. insipid: 맛없는, 재미없는, 풍미가
endurable: 견딜 수 있는, 참을 수 없는, 김빠진, 무미건조한.
있는, 감내할 수 있는. irreclaimable: 돌이킬 수 없는, 개간할
수 없는, 교정할 수 없는, 메울수
없는, 회복할 수 없는.
reminiscences: 회고담.
solace: 위안, 위안물, 위로, 위안을
얻다, 덜어주다, 위안이 되는 것,
위안하다, 위로하다.
stringed: 현이 있는.
tremulous: 떨리는, 전율하는, 겁많은,
떨린, 겁 많은.
unhurried: 서두르지 않는, 신중한,
서두르지 않은.
100 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

which may operate upon this intolerable agitation of soul. I have, indeed, no
abhorrence of danger, except in its absolute effect -- in terror. In this unnerved --
in this pitiable condition -- I feel that the period will sooner or later arrive when I
must abandon life and reason together, in some struggle with the grim
phantasm, FEAR.”
I learned, moreover, at intervals, and through broken and equivocal hints,
another singular feature of his mental condition. He was enchained by certain
superstitious impressions in regard to the dwelling which he tenanted, and
whence, for many years, he had never ventured forth -- in regard to an influence
whose supposititious force was conveyed in terms too shadowy here to be re-
stated -- an influence which some peculiarities in the mere form and substance of
his family mansion, had, by dint of long sufferance, he said, obtained over his
spirit -- an effect which the physique of the gray walls and turrets, and of the dim
tarn into which they all looked down, had, at length, brought about upon the
morale of his existence.%
He admitted, however, although with hesitation, that much of the peculiar
gloom which thus afflicted him could be traced to a more natural and far more
palpable origin -- to the severe and long-continued illness -- indeed to the
evidently approaching dissolution -- of a tenderly beloved sister -- his sole
companion for long years -- his last and only relative on earth. “Her decease,” he
said, with a bitterness which I can never forget, “would leave him (him the
hopeless and the frail) the last of the ancient race of the Ushers.” While he spoke,
the lady Madeline (for so was she called) passed slowly through a remote
portion of the apartment, and, without having noticed my presence,
disappeared. I regarded her with an utter astonishment not unmingled with
dread -- and yet I found it impossible to account for such feelings. A sensation of
stupor oppressed me, as my eyes followed her retreating steps. When a door, at
length, closed upon her, my glance sought instinctively and eagerly the
countenance of the brother -- but he had buried his face in his hands, and I could
only perceive that a far more than ordinary wanness had overspread the
emaciated fingers through which trickled many passionate tears.

abhorrence: 혐오, 몹시 싫은, 싫은,
아주 싫은 것, 질색인 것.
afflicted: 괴로워하는, 고민하는.
agitation: 선동, 동요, 흥분, 동란,
논의, 뒤흔들기.
dread: 공포, 두려움, 두려워하다,
걱정하다, 격정하다, 무서운 물건,
무서운 사람.
dwelling: 주거, 주소, 거처.
emaciated: 여윈, 수척한, 메마른,
쇠약한, 쇠약해진.
Korean
instinctively: 직관적으로,
본능적으로, 천성의, 본능적인.
intolerable: 견딜 수 없는, 과도한,
참을수 없는, 애타는, 약오르는.
palpable: 명백한, 만질 수 있는,
만져서 알 수 있는.
physique: 체격.
pitiable: 비천한, 가엾은.
shadowy: 공허한, 덧없는, 몽롱한,
그림자 있는, 그림자가 많은, 그림자
같은, 환상의, 흔적을 나타내는.
sufferance: 인내력, 묵허, 관용,
덕분에, 묵인, 인내.
superstitious: 미신에 사로잡힌,
미신저긴, 미신의.
supposititious: 상상의, 가짜의,
위조의.
tenderly: 상냥하게, 예민하게, 상하기
쉽게, 유약하게.
whence: 하는 그 곳으로, 어찌하여,
어디서, 바의, 왜, 어떻게, 출처, 하는,
어디로부터.
 Edgar Allan Poe 101

The disease of the lady Madeline had long baffled the skill of her physicians.
A settled apathy, a gradual wasting away of the person, and frequent although
transient affections of a partially cataleptical character, were the unusual
diagnosis. Hitherto she had steadily borne up against the pressure of her
malady, and had not betaken herself finally to bed; but, on the closing in of the
evening of my arrival at the house, she succumbed (as her brother told me at
night with inexpressible agitation) to the prostrating power of the destroyer;
and I learned that the glimpse I had obtained of her person would thus probably
be the last I should obtain -- that the lady, at least while living, would be seen by
me no more.%
For several days ensuing, her name was unmentioned by either Usher or
myself: and during this period I was busied in earnest endeavors to alleviate the
melancholy of my friend. We painted and read together; or I listened, as if in a
dream, to the wild improvisations of his speaking guitar. And thus, as a closer
and still closer intimacy admitted me more unreservedly into the recesses of his
spirit, the more bitterly did I perceive the futility of all attempt at cheering a
mind from which darkness, as if an inherent positive quality, poured forth upon
all objects of the moral and physical universe, in one unceasing radiation of
gloom.
I shall ever bear about me a memory of the many solemn hours I thus spent
alone with the master of the House of Usher. Yet I should fail in any attempt to
convey an idea of the exact character of the studies, or of the occupations, in
which he involved me, or led me the way. An excited and highly distempered
ideality threw a sulphureous lustre over all. His long improvised dirges will
ring forever in my ears. Among other things, I hold painfully in mind a certain
singular perversion and amplification of the wild air of the last waltz of Von
Weber. From the paintings over which his elaborate fancy brooded, and which
grew, touch by touch, into vaguenesses at which I shuddered the more
thrillingly, because I shuddered knowing not why; -- from these paintings (vivid
as their images now are before me) I would in vain endeavor to educe more than
a small portion which should lie within the compass of merely written words. By

amplification: 확대, 증폭, 부연, 확충,
확장, 배율, 부연된 글.
apathy: 무감동, 무관심, 낸담, 냉담.
baffled: 실패하는.
cheering: 갈채하는, 격려가 되는,
갈채, 기운을 돋우는.
destroyer: 파괴자, 구축함, 약탈자,
파기자.
educe: 추출하다, 추론하다, 빼어내다,
끌어내다.
ensuing: 다음의, 뒤이어 일어나는,
Korean
결과로서 따르는, 뒤이은.
futility: 무용, 무익한 짓.
ideality: 관념성, 상상력, 이상적임.
improvised: 즉석에서 지은, 즉흥의.
inexpressible: 말로 표현할 수 없는,
양복바지, 이루 말할수없는, 바지.
perversion: 악화, 곡해, 도착, 악용,
남용.
sulphureous: 황질의.
transient: 덧없는, 일시적인, 단기
체류의, 단기 체류객, 과도 현상,
일시적인 사람, 일시적인 사물, 잠깐
머무르는, 외부에 작용하는.
unceasing: 끊임 없는, 끊임없는.
unreservedly: 기탄없이, 솔직히,
제한없이, 거리낌없이, 기탄 없이.
waltz: 왈츠, 왈츠를 추다, 춤추듯
걷다, 들떠서 춤추다, 파트너를
리드하다, 용케 통과하다, 용케
나아가다, 뻔뻔스럽게 다가가다,
수월하게 통과하다, 수월하게
나아가다, 왈츠로 리드하다.
102 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

the utter simplicity, by the nakedness of his designs, he arrested and overawed
attention. If ever mortal painted an idea, that mortal was Roderick Usher. For
me at least -- in the circumstances then surrounding me -- there arose out of the
pure abstractions which the hypochondriac contrived to throw upon his
canvass, an intensity of intolerable awe, no shadow of which felt I ever yet in the
contemplation of the certainly glowing yet too concrete reveries of Fuseli.%
One of the phantasmagoric conceptions of my friend, partaking not so
rigidly of the spirit of abstraction, may be shadowed forth, although feebly, in
words. A small picture presented the interior of an immensely long and
rectangular vault or tunnel, with low walls, smooth, white, and without
interruption or device. Certain accessory points of the design served well to
convey the idea that this excavation lay at an exceeding depth below the surface
of the earth. No outlet was observed in any portion of its vast extent, and no
torch, or other artificial source of light was discernible; yet a flood of intense
rays rolled throughout, and bathed the whole in a ghastly and inappropriate
splendor.
I have just spoken of that morbid condition of the auditory nerve which
rendered all music intolerable to the sufferer, with the exception of certain effects
of stringed instruments. It was, perhaps, the narrow limits to which he thus
confined himself upon the guitar, which gave birth, in great measure, to the
fantastic character of his performances. But the fervid facility of his impromptus
could not be so accounted for. They must have been, and were, in the notes, as
well as in the words of his wild fantasias (for he not unfrequently accompanied
himself with rhymed verbal improvisations), the result of that intense mental
collectedness and concentration to which I have previously alluded as observable
only in particular moments of the highest artificial excitement. The words of one
of these rhapsodies I have easily remembered. I was, perhaps, the more forcibly
impressed with it, as he gave it, because, in the under or mystic current of its
meaning, I fancied that I perceived, and for the first time, a full consciousness on
the part of Usher, of the tottering of his lofty reason upon her throne. The verses,

accessory: 부속물, 종범의, 보조의,
악세사리, 종범자, 부속의, 종범,
보조적인.
auditory: 귀의, 청각의.
canvass: 토론하다, 권유하다, 상세히
조사하다, 선거 운동을 하다,
검토하다, 권유, 간청하다, 조사,
점검하다, 주문받으러 다니다-선거
운동, 주문 받으러 다니다.
discernible: 인식 할 수 있는, 보고 알
수 있는.
Korean
fervid: 타오르는 듯한.
hypochondriac: 우울증의 우울증환자,
히포콘드리증의, 심기증의.
inappropriate: 부적당한, 온당치 못한.
morbid: 병적인, 섬뜩한, 병의,
불건전한, 무시무시한, 정신이
병적인, 질병에 관한, 질병의.
mystic: 신비한, 신비주으자, 비교의,
비교의-신비주으자, 비법의, 신비가,
신비적인, 신비주의적인, 정신적
상징의.
nakedness: 결핍, 벌거숭이 노출이
있는 그대로임, 벌거숭이.
partaking: 함께 하는.
rhymed: 운을 맞춘.
rigidly: 굳게, 엄밀히, 완고하게.
splendor: 빛남, 훌륭함, 장려, 광휘를
나타내는 것, 광휘를 주는 것, 현저.
vault: 둥근 천장, 둥근 지붕, 지하실,
둥근 천장이 있는 장소, 푸른 하늘,
지하 납골소, 귀중품 보관실, 뛰어
넘다, 뛰다, 도약, 창공.
 Edgar Allan Poe 103

which were entitled “The Haunted Palace,” ran very nearly, if not accurately,
thus:

I.

In %the greenest of our valleys,

By good angels tenanted,
Once a fair and stately palace --
Radiant palace -- reared its head.
In the monarch Thought’s dominion --
It stood there!
Never seraph spread a pinion
Over fabric half so fair.

II.

Banners yellow, glorious, golden,

On its roof did float and flow;
(This -- all this -- was in the olden
Time long ago)
And every gentle air that dallied,
In that sweet day,
Along the ramparts plumed and pallid,
A winged odor went away.
III.

Wanderers in that happy valley

Through two luminous windows saw
Spirits moving musically
To a lute’s well-tunéd law,
Round about a throne, where sitting

Korean
accurately: 정확히, 정밀하게, 정밀히, 영예스러운, 거룩한. ran: 란.
정확하게. musically: 음악적으로, 음악상, 장단 seraph: 세라핌, 치품 천사, 천사.
dominion: 지배, 통치, 통치권, 주권, 맞추어. stately: 위엄 있는, 장엄한.
소유권, 영토, 통치 권, 통치 력, odor: 냄새, 기미, 방향, 평판. throne: 왕좌, 왕위, 옥좌, 왕권, 교황의
천사의 제사계급, 자치령, 지배 권. olden: 옛날의, 오래된, 늙게 하다. 자리, 즉위시키다, 왕좌에 앉히다,
float: 띄우다, 뜨다, 뜨는 물건, pinion: 날개, 작은 톱니바퀴, 새의 교황의 성좌, 좌품천사, 군주, 왕위에
유통되다, 떨어져가다, 퍼지다, 날개 끝 부분, 의 야팔을 동이다, 앉다.
표류하다, 세워지다, 흙손, 부유물, 속박하다, 날지 못하도록 날개 끝을 winged: 날개를 다친, 고속의, 날개
부레. 자르다, 날개깃-날지 못하도록 날개 있는, 팔을 다친, 빠른, 신속한,
glorious: 영광스러운, 유쾌한, 빛나는, 끝을 자르다, 날개깃, 새 날개의 끝 숭고한, 적절한, 날개를 쓰는,
장려한, 현란한, 기분좋은, 부분, 의 날개 끝을 자르다, 앞 날개. 비양하는, 날 수 있는.
104 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

(Porphyrogene!)
In state his glory well befitting,
The ruler of the realm was seen.

IV. %

And all with pearl and ruby glowing

Was the fair palace door,
Through which came flowing, flowing, flowing,
And sparkling evermore,
A troop of Echoes whose sweet duty
Was but to sing,
In voices of surpassing beauty,
The wit and wisdom of their king.

V.

But evil things, in robes of sorrow,

Assailed the monarch’s high estate;
(Ah, let us mourn, for never morrow
Shall dawn upon him, desolate!)
And, round about his home, the glory
That blushed and bloomed
Is but a dim-remembered story
Of the old time entombed.

Korean
befitting: 알맞은, 어울리는, 상응하는, 것, 백열하는, 적열하는 것.
적당한, 적합한. mourn: 슬퍼하다, 애도하다,
bloomed: 코팅된. 몽상하다, 상을 입다, 을 슬퍼하다,
evermore: 항상, 언제나, 영구히, 탄식하다.
영원히. pearl: 진주, 진주 같은 것, 진주빛,
flowing: 흐르는, 유창한, 늘어진, 진주 진주로 장식하다 진주의, 전형,
미끈하게 머리, 물 흐르는 듯한, 진주색, 진주로 장식하다, 진주 같은
미끈하게 처진, 조수가 밀려 이슬, 진주 같은 이 따위, 진주 같은
들어오는, 넘치도록 많은. 눈물, 펄.
glowing: 백열의, 홍조된, 샛빨간, ruby: 루비, 홍옥, 진홍색, 루비색의,
열렬한, 열심인, 적열하는, 백열하는 루비색, 여자 이름, 진홍색의, 보석,
진홍색으로 물들이다, 빨간 포도주,
붉은 포도주.
sorrow: 불행, 슬픔, 고난, 슬픈,
슬퍼보이는, 아쉬움, 슬퍼하다, 후회,
고생.
sparkling: 반짝이는, 번득이는,
거품이 이는, 불꽃을 튀기는.
troop: 군대, 수송하다, 사귀다, 떼,
모이다, 편성하다, 일단 무리, 몰리다,
떼지어 나가다, 대, 기병 중대.
whose: 누구의.
 Edgar Allan Poe 105

VI.

And travellers now within that valley,

Through the red-litten windows, see
Vast forms that move fantastically
To a discordant melody;
While, like a rapid ghastly river,
Through the pale door,
A hideous throng rush out forever,
And laugh -- but smile no more.%

I well remember that suggestions arising from this ballad, led us into a train
of thought wherein there became manifest an opinion of Usher’s which I
mention not so much on account of its novelty, (for other men have thought
thus,) as on account of the pertinacity with which he maintained it. This opinion,
in its general form, was that of the sentience of all vegetable things. But, in his
disordered fancy, the idea had assumed a more daring character, and trespassed,
under certain conditions, upon the kingdom of inorganization. I lack words to
express the full extent, or the earnest abandon of his persuasion. The belief,
however, was connected (as I have previously hinted) with the gray stones of the
home of his forefathers. The conditions of the sentience had been here, he
imagined, fulfilled in the method of collocation of these stones -- in the order of
their arrangement, as well as in that of the many fungi which overspread them,
and of the decayed trees which stood around -- above all, in the long
undisturbed endurance of this arrangement, and in its reduplication in the still
waters of the tarn. Its evidence -- the evidence of the sentience -- was to be seen,
he said, (and I here started as he spoke,) in the gradual yet certain condensation
of an atmosphere of their own about the waters and the walls. The result was
discoverable, he added, in that silent, yet importunate and terrible influence
which for centuries had moulded the destinies of his family, and which made
him what I now saw him -- what he was. Such opinions need no comment, and I
will make none.

ballad: 민요, 전설 가요.
collocation: 연어, 배열, 나란히 놓음,
낱말의 배치, 배치, 병치.
condensation: 응축, 냉축, 액화, 요약,
간결화, 응축 상태, 응축제, 응축체,
응축상태, 요약한 것, 압축.
daring: 겁이 없는, 대담무쌍한,
대담한, 모험적인 기상, 모험적인
용기.
discordant: 조화하지 않는, 충돌하는,
불화한, 귀에 거슬리는, 일치하지
Korean
않는, 부정합의, 불협화음의. 이중으로 함, 이중화, 중복된 글자,
discoverable: 눈에 보이는, 발견할 수 음절의 중복, 어두의 중복.
있는. sentience: 유정, 지각력, 감성, 감각성,
earnest: 진지한, 열심인, 진지, 진심, 직각.
중대한, 정식, 성실한, 성실, 엄숙한- throng: 군중, 쇄도하다, 혼잡,
성실, 엄숙한, 계약금. 모여들다, 중압, 에 모여들다, 많은
endurance: 인내, 내구성, 지구력. 것의 집합, 떼를 지어 모이다, 가득
fantastically: 공상적으로, 괴상하게, 메우다.
환상적으로. wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에,
fungi: 갑자기 생기는 것, 진균류. 그점에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의,
reduplication: 중복, 배가, 반복, 어떤 점으로.
106 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

Our books -- the books which, for years, had formed no small portion of the
mental existence of the invalid -- were, as might be supposed, in strict keeping
with this character of phantasm. We pored together over such works as the
Ververt et Chartreuse of Gresset; the Belphegor of Machiavelli; the Heaven and
Hell of Swedenborg; the Subterranean Voyage of Nicholas Klimm by Holberg;
the Chiromancy of Robert Flud, of Jean D’Indaginé, and of De la Chambre; the
Journey into the Blue Distance of Tieck; and the City of the Sun of Campanella.
One favorite volume was a small octavo edition of the Directorium Inquisitorium,
by the Dominican Eymeric de Gironne; and there were passages in Pomponius
Mela, about the old African Satyrs and Œgipans, over which Usher would sit
dreaming for hours. His chief delight, however, was found in the perusal of an
exceedingly rare and curious book in quarto Gothic -- the manual of a forgotten
church -- the Vigiliae Mortuorum secundum Chorum Ecclesiae Maguntinae.%
I could not help thinking of the wild ritual of this work, and of its probable
influence upon the hypochondriac, when, one evening, having informed me
abruptly that the lady Madeline was no more, he stated his intention of
preserving her corpse for a fortnight, (previously to its final interment,) in one of
the numerous vaults within the main walls of the building. The worldly reason,
however, assigned for this singular proceeding, was one which I did not feel at
liberty to dispute. The brother had been led to his resolution (so he told me) by
consideration of the unusual character of the malady of the deceased, of certain
obtrusive and eager inquiries on the part of her medical men, and of the remote
and exposed situation of the burial-ground of the family. I will not deny that
when I called to mind the sinister countenance of the person whom I met upon
the staircase, on the day of my arrival at the house, I had no desire to oppose
what I regarded as at best but a harmless, and by no means an unnatural,
precaution.
At the request of Usher, I personally aided him in the arrangements for the
temporary entombment. The body having been encoffined, we two alone bore it
to its rest. The vault in which we placed it (and which had been so long
unopened that our torches, half smothered in its oppressive atmosphere, gave us

Korean
abruptly: 갑자기, 충격적으로, 에 대항하다, 방해물로 두다, 반대다.
무뚝뚝하게, 뜻밖에, 돌연적, oppressive: 압제적인, 가혹한, 답답한,
퉁명스럽게. 압박하는.
deceased: 고, 죽은, 고인, 사망한. preserving: 보호하기.
entombment: 매장. probable: 있음직한, 사실 같은,
harmless: 해없는, 악의 없는, 해가 확실한 듯한, 할 듯 싶은, 유망한
없는. 후보자, 무슨일을 할 것 같은 사람,
obtrusive: 강요하는 듯한, 중뿔나게 보결선수, 일어날 듯한 사건, 무슨
참견하는, 강요하는. 일을 할 것 같은 사람.
oppose: 반대하다, 저항하다, quarto: 사절판, 사절판의, 사절의.
대항시키다, 방해하다, 에 반대하다, ritual: 의식서, 의식의, 의식, 의식적인
행사, 제사의 차례, 제식의, 제식의
집행, 종교적인 의식, 반드시 지키는
일, 예배식, 예전.
secundum: 에 따라, 에 의하여.
sinister: 불길한, 왼쪽의, 사악한,
불행한, 방패의 왼쪽의, 부정직한,
음험한, 악의가 있는.
staircase: 계단, 사닥다리 계단.
unopened: 열려있지않은, 페이지가
아직 잘리지 않은, 개봉되지않은,
열리지 않은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 107

little opportunity for investigation) was small, damp, and entirely without means
of admission for light; lying, at great depth, immediately beneath that portion of
the building in which was my own sleeping apartment. It had been used,
apparently, in remote feudal times, for the worst purposes of a donjon-keep,
and, in later days, as a place of deposit for powder, or some other highly
combustible substance, as a portion of its floor, and the whole interior of a long
archway through which we reached it, were carefully sheathed with copper. The
door, of massive iron, had been, also, similarly protected. Its immense weight
caused an unusually sharp grating sound, as it moved upon its hinges.%
Having deposited our mournful burden upon tressels within this region of
horror, we partially turned aside the yet unscrewed lid of the coffin, and looked
upon the face of the tenant. A striking similitude between the brother and sister
now first arrested my attention; and Usher, divining, perhaps, my thoughts,
murmured out some few words from which I learned that the deceased and
himself had been twins, and that sympathies of a scarcely intelligible nature had
always existed between them. Our glances, however, rested not long upon the
dead -- for we could not regard her unawed. The disease which had thus
entombed the lady in the maturity of youth, had left, as usual in all maladies of a
strictly cataleptical character, the mockery of a faint blush upon the bosom and
the face, and that suspiciously lingering smile upon the lip which is so terrible
in death. We replaced and screwed down the lid, and, having secured the door
of iron, made our way, with toil, into the scarcely less gloomy apartments of the
upper portion of the house.
And now, some days of bitter grief having elapsed, an observable change
came over the features of the mental disorder of my friend. His ordinary manner
had vanished. His ordinary occupations were neglected or forgotten. He
roamed from chamber to chamber with hurried, unequal, and objectless step.
The pallor of his countenance had assumed, if possible, a more ghastly hue -- but
the luminousness of his eye had utterly gone out. The once occasional huskiness
of his tone was heard no more; and a tremulous quaver, as if of extreme terror,
habitually characterized his utterance. There were times, indeed, when I thought

Korean
archway: 아치길, 아치 밑의 통로. lingering: 머뭇거리는, 오래끄는, 못내 similitude: 비교, 외모, 유사, 비슷함,
combustible: 흥분하기 쉬운, 아쉬운, 미련이 있는, 오래 끄는, 직유.
연소성의, 타기쉬운, 라이터, 주저하는. suspiciously: 수상쩍게, 의심쩍게,
타기쉬운것, 성냥, 격하기 쉬운, mockery: 조롱, 조소의 대상, 헛수고, 의심많게, 의심스럽게.
가연성의, 가연성, 가연물, 타기 쉬운. 흉내, 놀림, 가짜. toil: 수고, 힘드는일, 그물, 수고하다,
divining: 점. objectless: 목적이 없는, 목적어가 올가미, 고생, 노고, 애써 나아가다,
feudal: 영지의, 봉건제도의, 봉건의, 없는, 무목적의. 짐승 잡는 그물, 힘써 일하다, 을 애써
봉토의. quaver: 진음, 떨리는 목소리, 떨리다, 이룩하다.
grating: 삐걱거리는, 서로 갈리는, 떨리는 목소리로 노래하다, 떠는 unawed: 두려워하지 않는, 태연한.
격자, 귀에 거슬리는, 모든 연령층에 소리를 내다, 팔분 음표, 특히 음성이 unequal: 같지 않은, 불평등한, 감당
맞는 영화로 판정된 것, 창살. 떨리다, 떨게 하다, 가락을 떨게 하다. 못하는, 부동한, 비등하지 않은.
108 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

his unceasingly agitated mind was laboring with some oppressive secret, to
divulge which he struggled for the necessary courage. At times, again, I was
obliged to resolve all into the mere inexplicable vagaries of madness, for I
beheld him gazing upon vacancy for long hours, in an attitude of the
profoundest attention, as if listening to some imaginary sound. It was no
wonder that his condition terrified -- that it infected me. I felt creeping upon me,
by slow yet certain degrees, the wild influences of his own fantastic yet
impressive superstitions.%
It was, especially, upon retiring to bed late in the night of the seventh or
eighth day after the placing of the lady Madeline within the donjon, that I
experienced the full power of such feelings. Sleep came not near my couch --
while the hours waned and waned away. I struggled to reason off the
nervousness which had dominion over me. I endeavored to believe that much, if
not all of what I felt, was due to the bewildering influence of the gloomy
furniture of the room -- of the dark and tattered draperies, which, tortured into
motion by the breath of a rising tempest, swayed fitfully to and fro upon the
walls, and rustled uneasily about the decorations of the bed. But my efforts
were fruitless. An irrepressible tremor gradually pervaded my frame; and, at
length, there sat upon my very heart an incubus of utterly causeless alarm.
Shaking this off with a gasp and a struggle, I uplifted myself upon the pillows,
and, peering earnestly within the intense darkness of the chamber, harkened -- I
know not why, except that an instinctive spirit prompted me -- to certain low
and indefinite sounds which came, through the pauses of the storm, at long
intervals, I knew not whence. Overpowered by an intense sentiment of horror,
unaccountable yet unendurable, I threw on my clothes with haste (for I felt that I
should sleep no more during the night), and endeavored to arouse myself from
the pitiable condition into which I had fallen, by pacing rapidly to and fro
through the apartment.
I had taken but few turns in this manner, when a light step on an adjoining
staircase arrested my attention. I presently recognised it as that of Usher. In an
instant afterward he rapped, with a gentle touch, at my door, and entered,

Korean
arouse: 자극하다, 깨우다, 격려하다, 헐떡임, 열망하다, 숨막힘. nervousness: 소심성, 신경과민, 겁,
일으키다, 분발시키다, 각성하다. incubus: 가위, 악몽, 몽마, 부담, 신경 과민.
causeless: 이유 없는, 우발적인, 원인 압박하는 것, 마음의 부담을 주는 것, pacing: 보측.
없는, 원인없는. 마음의 부담을 주는 사람, 악마. unceasingly: 부단하게.
decorations: 장식물. inexplicable: 설명할 수 없는, uneasily: 걱정하여, 불쾌하게, 불안
divulge: 폭로하다, 비밀을 누설하다, 불가해한, 납득이 안 가는, 해석할 수 속에, 불안속에.
비밀을누설하다, 누설하다. 없는. unendurable: 견딜수 없는, 견딜 수
donjon: 아성, 내성. irrepressible: 억제할수 없는 사람, 없는, 참을 수 없는.
fitfully: 발작적으로, 변덕스럽게. 견딜수 없는, 억압할수없는, 억제할 vacancy: 공허, 결원, 공석, 방심, 틈,
gasp: 헐떡거리다, 숨이 막히다, 수 없는, 누를 수 없는, 제어할 수 빈곳, 공백, 빈 자리, 빈자리, 공간,
헐떡거리며 말하다, 헐떡거림, 숨참, 없는. 빈터.
 Edgar Allan Poe 109

bearing a lamp. His countenance was, as usual, cadaverously wan -- but,

moreover, there was a species of mad hilarity in his eyes -- an evidently
restrained hysteria in his whole demeanor. His air appalled me -- but anything
was preferable to the solitude which I had so long endured, and I even
welcomed his presence as a relief.
“And you have not seen it?” he said abruptly, after having stared about him
for some moments in silence -- “you have not then seen it? -- but, stay! you
shall.” Thus speaking, and having carefully shaded his lamp, he hurried to one
of the casements, and threw it freely open to the storm.%
The impetuous fury of the entering gust nearly lifted us from our feet. It was,
indeed, a tempestuous yet sternly beautiful night, and one wildly singular in its
terror and its beauty. A whirlwind had apparently collected its force in our
vicinity; for there were frequent and violent alterations in the direction of the
wind; and the exceeding density of the clouds (which hung so low as to press
upon the turrets of the house) did not prevent our perceiving the life-like
velocity with which they flew careering from all points against each other,
without passing away into the distance. I say that even their exceeding density
did not prevent our perceiving this -- yet we had no glimpse of the moon or stars
-- nor was there any flashing forth of the lightning. But the under surfaces of the
huge masses of agitated vapor, as well as all terrestrial objects immediately
around us, were glowing in the unnatural light of a faintly luminous and
distinctly visible gaseous exhalation which hung about and enshrouded the
mansion.
“You must not -- you shall not behold this!” said I, shudderingly, to Usher, as
I led him, with a gentle violence, from the window to a seat. “These
appearances, which bewilder you, are merely electrical phenomena not
uncommon -- or it may be that they have their ghastly origin in the rank miasma
of the tarn. Let us close this casement; -- the air is chilling and dangerous to
your frame. Here is one of your favorite romances. I will read, and you shall
listen; -- and so we will pass away this terrible night together.”

bewilder: 당황케하다, 어리둥절케
하다, 당황하게 하다.
chilling: 냉담한, 쌀쌀한, 으슬으슬한,
한기가 스미는.
demeanor: 태도, 행동, 행실.
exhalation: 증기, 발산물, 호기, 날숨,
발산, 증발기, 폭발.
flashing: 섬광, 막아둔 물, 막아놓은
물 번쩍이는, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는,
번쩍이는, 섬발, 번쩍번쩍 빛나다,
번쩍이다.
Korean
gaseous: 기체의, 텅빈, 가스의, 가스
모양의, 가스상태의, 고허한, 믿은 수
없는, 속없는, 가스체의.
gust: 일진의 바람, 돌풍, 돌발, 격발.
hilarity: 명랑, 환희.
hysteria: 히스테리, 병적흥분.
miasma: 독기, 말라리아병독, 소택지
따위에서 발생하는 독기.
shudderingly: 벌벌 떨며, 오싹하여,
몸서리치며.
solitude: 고독, 쓸쓸한 곳, 독거, 외딴
곳, 황야.
sternly: 엄숙하게, 단호하게,
피폐하게, 엄격하게, 엄하게.
tempestuous: 격렬한, 사나운
비바람의, 폭풍같은, 대폭풍우의,
대폭폭설의.
terrestrial: 지상의, 지구의, 육지의,
인간, 육상의, 속세의, 육지에 사는,
지상에 사는것, 육생의, 지구상의,
지구상의 생물.
velocity: 속도, 속력, 빠르기, 신속.
110 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

The antique volume which I had taken up was the “Mad Trist” of Sir
Launcelot Canning; but I had called it a favorite of Usher’s more in sad jest than
in earnest; for, in truth, there is little in its uncouth and unimaginative prolixity
which could have had interest for the lofty and spiritual ideality of my friend. It
was, however, the only book immediately at hand; and I indulged a vague hope
that the excitement which now agitated the hypochondriac, might find relief (for
the history of mental disorder is full of similar anomalies) even in the
extremeness of the folly which I should read. Could I have judged, indeed, by
the wild overstrained air of vivacity with which he harkened, or apparently
harkened, to the words of the tale, I might well have congratulated myself upon
the success of my design.%
I had arrived at that well-known portion of the story where Ethelred, the hero
of the Trist, having sought in vain for peaceable admission into the dwelling of
the hermit, proceeds to make good an entrance by force. Here, it will be
remembered, the words of the narrative run thus:
“And Ethelred, who was by nature of a doughty heart, and who was now
mighty withal, on account of the powerfulness of the wine which he had
drunken, waited no longer to hold parley with the hermit, who, in sooth, was of
an obstinate and maliceful turn, but, feeling the rain upon his shoulders, and
fearing the rising of the tempest, uplifted his mace outright, and, with blows,
made quickly room in the plankings of the door for his gauntleted hand; and
now pulling therewith sturdily, he so cracked, and ripped, and tore all asunder,
that the noise of the dry and hollow-sounding wood alarummed and
reverberated throughout the forest.”
At the termination of this sentence I started, and for a moment, paused; for it
appeared to me (although I at once concluded that my excited fancy had
deceived me) -- it appeared to me that, from some very remote portion of the
mansion, there came, indistinctly, to my ears, what might have been, in its exact
similarity of character, the echo (but a stifled and dull one certainly) of the very
cracking and ripping sound which Sir Launcelot had so particularly described. It
was, beyond doubt, the coincidence alone which had arrested my attention; for,

Korean
asunder: 파라광이의 수도, 따로따로, 말하다, 협상.
따로따로 떨어져, 떨어져서, peaceable: 평화를 애호하는, 태평한,
조각조각, 조각조각으로, 떨어져. 온순한, 평온한, 평화로운, 얌전한,
doughty: 용감한, 굳센, 대담한. 무사한, 평화를 사랑하는.
extremeness: 과격, 궁극, 극단, prolixity: 지루함, 용장, 장황, 장황함.
극단성. sooth: 진실, 참으로, 진실의,
hermit: 은자. 누그러뜨리는.
obstinate: 완고한, 완강한, 난치의, sturdily: 건강하게, 억세게, 불굴으로,
고집센, 병이 난치의. 튼튼하게.
parley: 협의, 상의, 교섭, 담판, therewith: 그것과 함께, 곧, 그
담판하다, 말하다, 특히 외국어를 까닭에, 그것으로 써, 그리하여,
그래서.
uncouth: 거친, 서투른, 예의를
모르는, 무무한, 인적이 드문,
세련되지 않은.
unimaginative: 상상력이 없는.
vivacity: 생기, 활발, 쾌활, 활달, 장난,
쾌활한 행위, 까불기, 활기.
withal: 게다가, 또한, 으로써, 그위에,
을 가지고 있는, 을 나타내어, 을
사용하여, 을 상대로, 을 합쳐서, 의
몸에 지니고, 의 일원으로서.
 Edgar Allan Poe 111

amid%the rattling of the sashes of the casements, and the ordinary commingled
noises of the still increasing storm, the sound, in itself, had nothing, surely,
which should have interested or disturbed me. I continued the story:
“But the good champion Ethelred, now entering within the door, was sore
enraged and amazed to perceive no signal of the maliceful hermit; but, in the
stead thereof, a dragon of a scaly and prodigious demeanor, and of a fiery
tongue, which sate in guard before a palace of gold, with a floor of silver; and
upon the wall there hung a shield of shining brass with this legend enwritten -

Who entereth herein, a conqueror hath bin;

Who slayeth the dragon, the shield he shall win;
And Ethelred uplifted his mace, and struck upon the head of the dragon, which
fell before him, and gave up his pesty breath, with a shriek so horrid and harsh,
and withal so piercing, that Ethelred had fain to close his ears with his hands
against the dreadful noise of it, the like whereof was never before heard.”
Here again I paused abruptly, and now with a feeling of wild amazement --
for there could be no doubt whatever that, in this instance, I did actually hear
(although from what direction it proceeded I found it impossible to say) a low
and apparently distant, but harsh, protracted, and most unusual screaming or
grating sound -- the exact counterpart of what my fancy had already conjured up
for the dragon’s unnatural shriek as described by the romancer.
Oppressed, as I certainly was, upon the occurrence of this second and most
extraordinary coincidence, by a thousand conflicting sensations, in which
wonder and extreme terror were predominant, I still retained sufficient presence
of mind to avoid exciting, by any observation, the sensitive nervousness of my
companion. I was by no means certain that he had noticed the sounds in
question; although, assuredly, a strange alteration had, during the last few
minutes, taken place in his demeanor. From a position fronting my own, he had
gradually brought round his chair, so as to sit with his face to the door of the
chamber; and thus I could but partially perceive his features, although I saw that
his lips trembled as if he were murmuring inaudibly. His head had dropped

Korean
conqueror: 정복자, 승리자, 전승자, 철퇴, 육두구 껍질을 말린 향료, 말을 하는 사람, 가공 소설 작가,
정복왕 윌리엄 일세, 정복왕 윌리엄 지대지 핵 유도탄, 불능 화학제, 직장 로맨스 작가.
1세. 당구봉, 메이스, 끝이 납작한 공을 sate: 물리게하다, 물리게 하다.
enraged: 성나게 하는, 화나게 하는. 치는 막대, 메이스로 공격하다, scaly: 비늘이 있는, 비늘 모양의,
fain: 기꺼이, 하고 싶어하는, 쾌히, 철퇴의 일종. 인색한, 물때가 낀, 천한, 벗겨져
하기를 바라는, 하고싶은, 이고싶은, piercing: 꿰찌르는, 날카로운, 뼈에 떨어지는.
부득이, 기꺼이 하는, 기꺼이..하는. 사무치는, 통찰력 있는, 꿰뚫는. stead: 대신, 장소, 이익, 도움, 남에게
hath: 직설법, 현재. romancer: 공상가, 로맨스작가, 전기 쓸모가 도움이 되다, 남에게 쓸모가
herein: 여기에, 이런 까닭으로, 소설가, 전기소설작가, 터무니 없이 있다.
이속에. 꾸민 말을 하는 사람, 꾸며낸 whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여,
mace: 권표, 최루 신경 가스, 갈고리 이야기를 하는 사람, 터무니없이 꾸민 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의.
112 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

upon%his breast -- yet I knew that he was not asleep, from the wide and rigid
opening of the eye as I caught a glance of it in profile. The motion of his body,
too, was at variance with this idea -- for he rocked from side to side with a gentle
yet constant and uniform sway. Having rapidly taken notice of all this, I
resumed the narrative of Sir Launcelot, which thus proceeded:
“And now, the champion, having escaped from the terrible fury of the
dragon, bethinking himself of the brazen shield, and of the breaking up of the
enchantment which was upon it, removed the carcass from out of the way before
him, and approached valorously over the silver pavement of the castle to where
the shield was upon the wall; which in sooth tarried not for his full coming, but
fell down at his feet upon the silver floor, with a mighty great and terrible
ringing sound.”
No sooner had these syllables passed my lips, than -- as if a shield of brass
had indeed, at the moment, fallen heavily upon a floor of silver -- I became aware
of a distinct, hollow, metallic, and clangorous, yet apparently muffled
reverberation. Completely unnerved, I leaped to my feet; but the measured
rocking movement of Usher was undisturbed. I rushed to the chair in which he
sat. His eyes were bent fixedly before him, and throughout his whole
countenance there reigned a stony rigidity. But, as I placed my hand upon his
shoulder, there came a strong shudder over his whole person; a sickly smile
quivered about his lips; and I saw that he spoke in a low, hurried, and gibbering
murmur, as if unconscious of my presence. Bending closely over him, I at length
drank in the hideous import of his words.
“Not hear it? -- yes, I hear it, and have heard it. Long -- long -- long -- many
minutes, many hours, many days, have I heard it -- yet I dared not -- oh, pity me,
miserable wretch that I am! -- I dared not -- I dared not speak! We have put her
living in the tomb! Said I not that my senses were acute? I now tell you that I
heard her first feeble movements in the hollow coffin. I heard them -- many,
many days ago -- yet I dared not -- I dared not speak! And now -- to-night --
Ethelred -- ha! ha! -- the breaking of the hermit’s door, and the death-cry of the
dragon, and the clangor of the shield! -- say, rather, the rending of her coffin,

Korean
brazen: 뻔뻔스러운, 놋쇠처럼 단단한, 정착하여. 무정한, 돌같은, 부동의, 냉혹한,
시끄러운, 뻔뻔스럽게하다, 놋쇠빛의, metallic: 금속의, 엄한, 냉철한. 망연자실하게 하는, 씨가 많은,
놋쇠로만든, 놋쇠로 만든, 단단한. muffled: 소리를 둔하게 한, 소리를 돌처럼 단단한.
caught: 사람을 속이는. 죽인. sway: 흔들다, 동요, 지배하다,
clangor: 뗑뗑, 짤랑짤랑, 쾅쾅 울리는 rocking: 흔들리는, 진동, 흔들리는 좌우하다, 지배, 의 결의를 움직이다,
소리, 뗑그렁하고 울리다. 흔들림. 흔들리다, 좌우 하는 힘, 자유로이
clangorous: 뗑그렁뗑그렁울리는, sickly: 병약한, 골골하는, 감상적인, 하는 힘, 의 의견을 움직이다.
울리어 퍼지는. 몸이 나쁜, 창백한, 역겹게 하는, tomb: 무덤, 매장하다, 묘비, 죽음.
enchantment: 매혹, 마법, 매혹하는 병난, 건강에 나쁜, 싫증 나는, valorously: 씩씩하게, 용감하게.
것, 마법에 걸린 상태, 마법을 걸기. 병자같은, 욕지기나게 하는. wretch: 불운한 사람, 나쁜놈, 철면피,
fixedly: 고정하여, 안정하여, stony: 돌의, 돌이 많은, 무표정한, 놈, 가련한 사람.
 Edgar Allan Poe 113

and%the grating of the iron hinges of her prison, and her struggles within the
coppered archway of the vault! Oh whither shall I fly? Will she not be here
anon? Is she not hurrying to upbraid me for my haste? Have I not heard her
footstep on the stair? Do I not distinguish that heavy and horrible beating of her
heart? Madman!” -- here he sprang furiously to his feet, and shrieked out his
syllables, as if in the effort he were giving up his soul -- “Madman! I tell you that
she now stands without the door!”
As if in the superhuman energy of his utterance there had been found the
potency of a spell -- the huge antique pannels to which the speaker pointed,
threw slowly back, upon the instant, their ponderous and ebony jaws. It was the
work of the rushing gust -- but then without those doors there did stand the lofty
and enshrouded figure of the lady Madeline of Usher. There was blood upon her
white robes, and the evidence of some bitter struggle upon every portion of her
emaciated frame. For a moment she remained trembling and reeling to and fro
upon the threshold -- then, with a low moaning cry, fell heavily inward upon the
person of her brother, and in her violent and now final death-agonies, bore him
to the floor a corpse, and a victim to the terrors he had anticipated.
From that chamber, and from that mansion, I fled aghast. The storm was still
abroad in all its wrath as I found myself crossing the old causeway. Suddenly
there shot along the path a wild light, and I turned to see whence a gleam so
unusual could have issued; for the vast house and its shadows were alone
behind me. The radiance was that of the full, setting, and blood-red moon,
which now shone vividly through that once barely-discernible fissure, of which I
have before spoken as extending from the roof of the building, in a zigzag
direction, to the base. While I gazed, this fissure rapidly widened -- there came a
fierce breath of the whirlwind -- the entire orb of the satellite burst at once upon
my sight -- my brain reeled as I saw the mighty walls rushing asunder -- there
was a long tumultuous shouting sound like the voice of a thousand waters -- and
the deep and dank tarn at my feet closed sullenly and silently over the
fragments of the “House of Usher.”

Korean
aghast: 어안이 벙벙하여, 질겁하여, furiously: 미친듯이 노하여, 맹렬히.
두려워 떨며, 깜짝 놀라. gleam: 번득이다, 번적임, 희미한
anon: 이내, 다시, 얼마안있어, 언젠가, 징조, 희미하게 번쩍이다, 어렴풋한
곧. 빛, 번득임, 빛, 번쩍이다.
antique: 고풍의, 고물, 고기, 낡은, ponderous: 육중한, 다루기 힘든,
안티크체의 활자, 골동품의, 고대의, 답답한, 대단히 무거운, 묵직한, 매우
고대로부터의-고물, 고대로부터의, 무거운.
고대 미술, 구식의. potency: 효력, 세력, 힘, 유효성, 권위,
dank: 습기찬, 축축한. 잠재력, 효능, 설득력, 권력.
footstep: 발자국, 보폭, 걸음걸이, stair: 계단, 한 단, 단, 계단용의,
발소리, 디딤대, 발자국 소리. 계단의, 하나하나의 단.
sullenly: 부루퉁하여, 뿌루퉁한,
뚱하여.
superhuman: 초인적인, 사람의 짓이
아닌, 신기의, 신의.
tumultuous: 떠들썩한, 혼란한,
흥분한, 동요한.
upbraid: 꾸짖다, 비난하다, 책하다,
비판하다, 신랄하게 비난하다,
신랄하게 비판하다, 신랄하게
힐책하다, 에게 구역질나게 하다, 을
비난하는 결과를 가져오다.
114 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

SILENCE -- A FABLE

‘Ευδουσιυ ρορεων κοδ’υϕαι τε και ϕαραγγες

Πρωνες τε και χαραδραι.%
--Alcman

“The mountain pinnacles slumber; valleys, crags and caves are silent.”

“Listen to me,” said the Demon as he placed his hand upon my head. “The
region of which I speak is a dreary region in Libya, by the borders of the river
Zaire. And there is no quiet there, nor silence.
“The waters of the river have a saffron and sickly hue; and they flow not
onwards to the sea, but palpitate forever and forever beneath the red eye of the
sun with a tumultuous and convulsive motion. For many miles on either side of
the river’s oozy bed is a pale desert of gigantic water-lilies. They sigh one unto
the other in that solitude, and stretch towards the heaven their long and ghastly
necks, and nod to and fro their everlasting heads. And there is an indistinct
murmur which cometh out from among them like the rushing of subterrene
water. And they sigh one unto the other.

Korean
convulsive: 경련성의, 발작적인, 거림, 속삭이다, 나뭇잎 따위의 palpitate: 두근거리다, 떨리다, 맥박이
경련을 일으킨 듯한, 격동적인. 살랑거리는 소리. 뛰다.
everlasting: 영구한, 영원한, 끝없는, nod: 끄덕이다, 졸다, 방심하다, rushing: 러닝 플레이로 나아간 거리,
변함없는, 영원, 영겁, 지루한, 떡쑥, 나부끼다, 깜빡 실수하다, 흔들림, 러싱.
영구, 영원히 계속되는, 튼튼한 나사. 으로 쏠림, 기울다, 졸기, 잠들다, saffron: 사프란색, 사프란, 사프란 색,
indistinct: 불명료한, 흐릿한, 희미한, 인사하다. 사프란색의.
뚜렷하지 않은. onwards: 전방으로의, 전방으로. slumber: 휴지하다, 잠, 잠자다,
murmur: 시내의 졸졸거리는 소리, oozy: 스며나오는, 진흙의, 줄줄 잠자면서 보내다, 활동을 쉬다,
속삭임, 불평, 파도의 출렁거리는 흘러나오는, 질벅질벅 나오는, 무기력 상태, 혼수 상태.
소리, 졸졸 소래내다, 웅성대다, 중얼 질척질척한, 진흙 같은, 질질 subterrene: 용융 드릴.
거림, 투덜거리다, 투덜거리다-중얼 흘러내리는, 질질 흐르는. unto: 까지, 에, 에게로.
 Edgar Allan Poe 115

“But there is a boundary to their realm -- the boundary of the dark, horrible,
lofty forest. There, like the waves about the Hebrides, the low underwood is
agitated continually. But there is no wind throughout the heaven. And the tall
primeval trees rock eternally hither and thither with a crashing and mighty
sound. And from their high summits, one by one, drop everlasting dews. And at
the roots strange poisonous flowers lie writhing in perturbed slumber. And
overhead, with a rustling and loud noise, the gray clouds rush westwardly
forever, until they roll, a cataract, over the fiery wall of the horizon. But there is
no wind throughout the heaven. And by the shores of the river Zaire there is
neither quiet nor silence.%
“It was night, and the rain fell; and falling, it was rain, but, having fallen, it
was blood. And I stood in the morass among the tall and the rain fell upon my
head -- and the lilies sighed one unto the other in the solemnity of their
desolation.
“And, all at once, the moon arose through the thin ghastly mist, and was
crimson in color. And mine eyes fell upon a huge gray rock which stood by the
shore of the river, and was lighted by the light of the moon. And the rock was
gray, and ghastly, and tall, -- and the rock was gray. Upon its front were
characters engraven in the stone; and I walked through the morass of water-
lilies, until I came close unto the shore, that I might read the characters upon the
stone. But I could not decypher them. And I was going back into the morass,
when the moon shone with a fuller red, and I turned and looked again upon the
rock, and upon the characters; -- and the characters were DESOLATION.
“And I looked upwards, and there stood a man upon the summit of the rock;
and I hid myself among the water-lilies that I might discover the actions of the
man. And the man was tall and stately in form, and was wrapped up from his
shoulders to his feet in the toga of old Rome. And the outlines of his figure were
indistinct -- but his features were the features of a deity; for the mantle of the
night, and of the mist, and of the moon, and of the dew, had left uncovered the
features of his face. And his brow was lofty with thought, and his eye wild with

Korean
crimson: 진홍색의, 진홍색, 적시다, 이슬이 내린다, 이슬, 신선함,
진홍색으로 하다, 진홍색이 되다, 이슬로 젖다.
피비린내 나는, 새빨개지다, hither: 이쪽의, 여기로, 이리로,
새빨갛게하다, 시뻘건, 물들이다. 여기에.
deity: 신, 여신, 신성, 하느님, 신위, lighted: 불이 켜진.
신적 존재. morass: 소지, 늪, 궁지, 소택지.
desolation: 쓸쓸함, 황폐, 황량, outlines: 요점.
서글픔, 페허, 폐허, 서글품, poisonous: 유독한, 악의 있는,
황폐케함. 유해한.
dew: 이슬이 내리다, 이슬방울, 이슬로 primeval: 태고의, 원시의.
적시다, 이슬이 내리다-이슬로 rustling: 살랑살랑 소리나는, 활발한,
활동적인, 옷스치는 소리가 나는,
가축 도둑질, 살랑살랑 소리.
solemnity: 의식, 장엄, 엄숙, 점잔뺌,
정식, 점잔 뺌.
thither: 저기에, 저쪽에, 저쪽의,
저쪽으로.
toga: 직복, 토가, 상원 의원의 직, 상원
의원의 지위, 예복, 고대 로마 시민의
긴 겉옷.
underwood: 총림, 큰나무 밑에 관목.
westwardly: 서쪽에서, 서쪽으로.
116 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

care; and, in the few furrows upon his cheek I read the fables of sorrow, and
weariness, and disgust with mankind, and a longing after solitude.%
“And the man sat upon the rock, and leaned his head upon his hand, and
looked out upon the desolation. He looked down into the low unquiet
shrubbery, and up into the tall primeval trees, and up higher at the rustling
heaven, and into the crimson moon. And I lay close within shelter of the lilies,
and observed the actions of the man. And the man trembled in the solitude; --
but the night waned, and he sat upon the rock.
“And the man turned his attention from the heaven, and looked out upon the
dreary river Zaire, and upon the yellow ghastly waters, and upon the pale
legions of the water-lilies. And the man listened to the sighs of the water-lilies,
and to the murmur that came up from among them. And I lay close within my
covert and observed the actions of the man. And the man trembled in the
solitude; -- but the night waned and he sat upon the rock.
“Then I went down into the recesses of the morass, and waded afar in among
the wilderness of the lilies, and called unto the hippopotami which dwelt among
the fens in the recesses of the morass. And the hippopotami heard my call, and
came, with the behemoth, unto the foot of the rock, and roared loudly and
fearfully beneath the moon. And I lay close within my covert and observed the
actions of the man. And the man trembled in the solitude; -- but the night waned
and he sat upon the rock.
“Then I cursed the elements with the curse of tumult; and a frightful tempest
gathered in the heaven where, before, there had been no wind. And the heaven
became livid with the violence of the tempest -- and the rain beat upon the head
of the man -- and the floods of the river came down -- and the river was
tormented into foam -- and the water-lilies shrieked within their beds -- and the
forest crumbled before the wind -- and the thunder rolled -- and the lightning
fell -- and the rock rocked to its foundation. And I lay close within my covert and
observed the actions of the man. And the man trembled in the solitude; -- but the
night waned and he sat upon the rock.

Korean
afar: 멀리, 원방에서, 원방에. disgust: 역겹게하다, 혐오, 역겨움, livid: 납빛의, 퍼렇게 멍든, 격노하여,
behemoth: 큰짐승, 거인, 거대한 짐승, 정떨어지게 하다, 정떨어지게하다- 창백한.
강력한 것. 역겨움, 싫음, 메스꺼워찌게 하다. longing: 갈망, 갈망하는, 사모, 고대,
covert: 은밀한, 숨는 장소, 칼깃, fearfully: 몹시, 무서워하며, 무섭게, 고향을 몹시 그리워하고 있다, 그리움
보호를 받고 있는, 비밀의, 잠복소, 굉장히, 지독히, 벌벌 떨며, 갈망하는, 동경, 몹시 그리워하는.
우복우, 암암리의, 숨긴, 살며시, 거정스럽게, 지독하게. shrubbery: 관목 숲, 관목을 심은 길.
숨은. heaven: 하늘, 천국, 상공, 하느님, tumult: 흥분, 혼란, 소동, 떠들썩함,
curse: 저주하다, 월경, 저주, 재앙, 천제, 어머나. 소란, 소요, 격동.
파문하다, 욕지거리하다, 천벌을 hippopotami: 하마. unquiet: 침착하지 못한, 들뜬, 불안한,
내리다, 저주의 말, 파문, 괴롭히다, lightning: 번개, 전광, 번개와 같은, 볼온한.
독설. 번개의. weariness: 권태, 싫증, 피로.
 Edgar Allan Poe 117

“Then I grew angry and cursed, with the curse of silence, the river, and the
lilies, and the wind, and the forest, and the heaven, and the thunder, and the
sighs of the water-lilies. And they became accursed, and were still. And the
moon ceased to totter up its pathway to heaven -- and the thunder died away --
and the lightning did not flash -- and the clouds hung motionless -- and the
waters sunk to their level and remained -- and the trees ceased to rock -- and the
water-lilies sighed no more -- and the murmur was heard no longer from among
them, nor any shadow of sound throughout the vast illimitable desert. And I
looked upon the characters of the rock, and they were changed; -- and the
characters were SILENCE.%
“And mine eyes fell upon the countenance of the man, and his countenance
was wan with terror. And, hurriedly, he raised his head from his hand, and
stood forth upon the rock and listened. But there was no voice throughout the
vast illimitable desert, and the characters upon the rock were SILENCE. And the
man shuddered, and turned his face away, and fled afar off, in haste, so that I
beheld him no more.”

* * * * * * *

Now there are fine tales in the volumes of the Magi -- in the iron-bound,
melancholy volumes of the Magi. Therein, I say, are glorious histories of the
Heaven, and of the Earth, and of the mighty sea -- and of the Genii that over-
ruled the sea, and the earth, and the lofty heaven. There was much lore too in the
sayings which were said by the Sybils; and holy, holy things were heard of old
by the dim leaves that trembled around Dodona -- but, as Allah liveth, that fable
which the Demon told me as he sat by my side in the shadow of the tomb, I hold
to be the most wonderful of all! And as the Demon made an end of his story, he
fell back within the cavity of the tomb and laughed. And I could not laugh with
the Demon, and he cursed me because I could not laugh. And the lynx which

Korean
accursed: 저주받은, 지겨운, 저주할. 번득이다, 방류수, 빛나다, 획
dim: 둔한, 어둑한, 희미한, 둔하게 지나가다, 홱 나오다, 순가, 가짜의.
하다, 어둑해지다, 흐리게 하다, hurriedly: 매우 급히, 서둘러서.
흐려지다, 어슴푸레한, 둔해지다, illimitable: 무한의, 무한한, 광대한,
어둑하게 하다, 비관적인. 끝없는.
fable: 전설, 우화, 신화, 거짓말하다, lore: 지식, 학문, 전승, 특수한 과학적
우화를 이야기하다, 꾸며낸 이야기, 학문, 과학적 학문, 또는 특수 단체에
줄거리, 지어낸 이야기, 꾸며낸 관한 과학적 학문.
이야기를 하다, 꾸며내다, 꾸민 mighty: 거대한, 강대한, 굉장한, 힘센,
이야기. 위대한, 몹시, 센, 물체가 센, 사람이
flash: 플래시, 섬광, 허식, 번득임, 센.
tales: 보결 배심원, 보결 배심원 소집
영장, 탈러.
therein: 그 속에, 그 점에서, 그
가운데에.
thunder: 위협, 우레, 천둥, 비난, 호통,
장기를 가로채다, 요란한 울림,
천둥치다, 위협하다, 호통치다,
요란한 소리를 내다.
totter: 비틀거리다, 비틀거림,
뒤뚝뒤뚝 걷다, 흔들리기, 흔들리다,
넝마주이, 흔들거리다.
118 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

dwelleth forever in the tomb, came out therefrom, and lay down at the feet of
the Demon, and looked at him steadily in the face.%

Korean
feet: 발.
forever: 영원히, 언제나, 끊임없이,
영구히, 영원, 항상, 장황히.
lay: 놓다, 위치, 직업, 일, 지형, 노래,
속인의, 꼬인자리, 고정시키다,
과하다, 넘어뜨리다.
steadily: 꾸준히, 착실히, 견실하게.
therefrom: 거기서부터.
tomb: 무덤, 매장하다, 묘비, 죽음.
 Edgar Allan Poe 119

THE MASQUE OF THE RED DEATH

The% “Red Death” had long devastated the country. No pestilence had ever
been so fatal, or so hideous. Blood was its Avatar and its seal -- the redness and
the horror of blood. There were sharp pains, and sudden dizziness, and then
profuse bleeding at the pores, with dissolution. The scarlet stains upon the body
and especially upon the face of the victim, were the pest ban which shut him out
from the aid and from the sympathy of his fellow-men. And the whole seizure,
progress and termination of the disease, were the incidents of half an hour.
But the Prince Prospero was happy and dauntless and sagacious. When his
dominions were half depopulated, he summoned to his presence a thousand
hale and light-hearted friends from among the knights and dames of his court,
and with these retired to the deep seclusion of one of his castellated abbeys. This
was an extensive and magnificent structure, the creation of the prince’s own
eccentric yet august taste. A strong and lofty wall girdled it in. This wall had
gates of iron. The courtiers, having entered, brought furnaces and massy
hammers and welded the bolts. They resolved to leave means neither of ingress
or egress to the sudden impulses of despair or of frenzy from within. The abbey
was amply provisioned. With such precautions the courtiers might bid defiance
to contagion. The external world could take care of itself. In the meantime it was
folly to grieve, or to think. The prince had provided all the appliances of
pleasure. There were buffoons, there were improvisatori, there were ballet-
Korean
amply: 충분히, 널히, 널리. 있는 권리, 밖으로 나가기, 밖으로 ingress: 입장권, 들어감, 입구, 입장,
castellated: 성모양으로 구축된, 성이 나가다. 진입, 침입, 입장의 자유, 들어가기,
많은, 성 모양으로 구축된. frenzy: 격앙, 광란, 열광, 격앙시키다, 들어가는 수단.
contagion: 전염병, 전염력, 감염, 격분, 광포. light-hearted: 마음편한.
감화력, 나쁜 감화, 접촉전염, 폐풍, grieve: 괴롭히다, 괴로워하다, massy: 실팍한, 무거운, 크고 무거운,
접촉 전염. 슬퍼하다, 몹시 슬퍼하다, 가슴 용모 따위가 야무진, 덩어리 모양의,
dauntless: 대담한, 겁 없는. 아파하다, 농장 관리인, 마음 야무진, 체격 따위가 야무진, 크고
defiance: 도전, 반항, 무시. 아파하다, 관리자, 슬픔에 잠기게 단단한.
dizziness: 현기증. 하다. redness: 빨강, 상태, 적색, 적열,
egress: 출구, 외출, 밖으로 나감, hale: 정정한, 잡아 끌다, 잡아당기다, 격노함.
배출구, 재현, 출현, 밖으로 나갈 수 근력이 좋은, 건장한. seclusion: 격리, 은퇴, 은둔.
120 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

dancers, there were musicians, there was Beauty, there was wine. All these and
security were within. Without was the “Red Death.”
It was toward the close of the fifth or sixth month of his seclusion, and while
the pestilence raged most furiously abroad, that the Prince Prospero entertained
his thousand friends at a masked ball of the most unusual magnificence.%
It was a voluptuous scene, that masquerade. But first let me tell of the rooms
in which it was held. There were seven -- an imperial suite. In many palaces,
however, such suites form a long and straight vista, while the folding doors slide
back nearly to the walls on either hand, so that the view of the whole extent is
scarcely impeded. Here the case was very different; as might have been expected
from the duke’s love of the bizarre. The apartments were so irregularly disposed
that the vision embraced but little more than one at a time. There was a sharp
turn at every twenty or thirty yards, and at each turn a novel effect. To the right
and left, in the middle of each wall, a tall and narrow Gothic window looked out
upon a closed corridor which pursued the windings of the suite. These windows
were of stained glass whose color varied in accordance with the prevailing hue
of the decorations of the chamber into which it opened. That at the eastern
extremity was hung, for example, in blue -- and vividly blue were its windows.
The second chamber was purple in its ornaments and tapestries, and here the
panes were purple. The third was green throughout, and so were the casements.
The fourth was furnished and lighted with orange -- the fifth with white -- the
sixth with violet. The seventh apartment was closely shrouded in black velvet
tapestries that hung all over the ceiling and down the walls, falling in heavy
folds upon a carpet of the same material and hue. But in this chamber only, the
color of the windows failed to correspond with the decorations. The panes here
were scarlet -- a deep blood color. Now in no one of the seven apartments was
there any lamp or candelabrum, amid the profusion of golden ornaments that
lay scattered to and fro or depended from the roof. There was no light of any
kind emanating from lamp or candle within the suite of chambers. But in the
corridors that followed the suite, there stood, opposite to each window, a heavy
tripod, bearing a brazier of fire that protected its rays through the tinted glass

Korean
bizarre: 기묘한, 괴기한, 기상천외의, 부정기적으로, 고르지 않게. 의자, 삼각기, 삼각대, 그 모조품.
별난, 기괴한, 괴상한. masked: 가면을 쓴, 숨긴, 차폐한, violet: 제비꽃, 제비꽃 향기가 나는,
brazier: 놋갓장이, 화로, 금속제의 가리워진. 보라빛, 보라빛의, 보랏빛이다,
석탄용화로, 불고기 굽는 기구. masquerade: 가장 무도회, 가장, 보랏빛, 제비꽃 속의 식물, 보라색의.
candelabrum: 가지가 달린 촛대, 가장하다, 구실, 체하다, 가장 무도를 vista: 전망, 가로수 길, 거리, 멀리
가지촛대. 하다, 가장 무도회에 참가하다, 가면 보이는 경치, 예상, 멀리 내다보이는
folding: 접는, 접을 수 있는, 저게된. 무도회에 참가하다, 가면 무도회. 경치, 추억.
furnished: 가구 달린, 구색을 갖춘, prevailing: 우세한, 유력한, 유행의, voluptuous: 일락에 빠지는, 관능에
재고량이 ...한. 일반의, 널리 행해지는, 널리 행해진. 호소하는, 오관의 즐거움을 찾는,
irregularly: 불규칙하게, profusion: 풍부, 대량, 낭비, 활수. 관능적인, 육욕을 자극하는,
비정규적으로, 불규칙적으로, tripod: 삼각, 삼각 걸상, 삼각의, 삼각 육감적인, 기분 좋은, 육욕에 빠지는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 121

and so glaringly illumined the room. And thus were produced a multitude of
gaudy and fantastic appearances. But in the western or black chamber the effect
of the fire-light that streamed upon the dark hangings through the blood-tinted
panes, was ghastly in the extreme, and produced so wild a look upon the
countenances of those who entered, that there were few of the company bold
enough to set foot within its precincts at all.%
It was in this apartment, also, that there stood against the western wall, a
gigantic clock of ebony. Its pendulum swung to and fro with a dull, heavy,
monotonous clang; and when the minute-hand made the circuit of the face, and
the hour was to be stricken, there came from the brazen lungs of the clock a
sound which was clear and loud and deep and exceedingly musical, but of so
peculiar a note and emphasis that, at each lapse of an hour, the musicians of the
orchestra were constrained to pause, momentarily, in their performance, to
hearken to the sound; and thus the waltzers perforce ceased their evolutions;
and there was a brief disconcert of the whole gay company; and, while the
chimes of the clock yet rang, it was observed that the giddiest grew pale, and the
more aged and sedate passed their hands over their brows as if in confused
reverie or meditation. But when the echoes had fully ceased, a light laughter at
once pervaded the assembly; the musicians looked at each other and smiled as if
at their own nervousness and folly, and made whispering vows, each to the
other, that the next chiming of the clock should produce in them no similar
emotion; and then, after the lapse of sixty minutes, (which embrace three
thousand and six hundred seconds of the Time that flies,) there came yet another
chiming of the clock, and then were the same disconcert and tremulousness and
meditation as before.
But, in spite of these things, it was a gay and magnificent revel. The tastes of
the duke were peculiar. He had a fine eye for colors and effects. He disregarded
the decora of mere fashion. His plans were bold and fiery, and his conceptions
glowed with barbaric lustre. There are some who would have thought him mad.
His followers felt that he was not. It was necessary to hear and see and touch him
to be sure that he was not.

Korean
barbaric: 야만인의, 잔인한, 미개한, 하다, 쩔쩔매게 하다, 뒤집다. precincts: 경계.
거친, 세련되지 않은, 무모한, gaudy: 야한, 값싸고 번지르르한, revel: 술잔치, 한껏 즐기다, 주연을
야만적인, 지나치게 야한, 야만인 교우대회, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는, 화려한, 베풀다, 환락, 음주 등에 낭비하다, 에
같은, 야만의, 조야한. 향연, 지나치게 장식한, 저속한. 빠지다, 술마시고 흥청거림, 매우
clang: 뗑하고 울리다, 그소리, glaringly: 눈부시게. 기뻐하다, 마시고 흥청거리다, 술로
쾅울리다, 그 소리, 뗑그렁하고 hangings: 거는 것. 낭비하다, 몹시 즐기다.
울리게 하다, 뗑그렁하고 울리다, hearken: 귀를 기울이다. reverie: 몽상, 환상, 환상곡, 망상,
뗑하고 울리게 하다, 철커덩하고 monotonous: 단조로운, 변화가 없어 공상.
울리다, 철커덩하고 울리게 하다. 지루한. sedate: 수수한, 진지한, 침착한,
disconcert: 당황하게하다, perforce: 부득이, 무리하게, 차분한, 점잖은, 진정시키다.
혼란시키다, 좌절시키다, 당황하게 필연적으로, 억지로. tremulousness: 떨림, 전율.
122 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

He%had directed, in great part, the moveable embellishments of the seven

chambers, upon occasion of this great fete; and it was his own guiding taste
which had given character to the masqueraders. Be sure they were grotesque.
There were much glare and glitter and piquancy and phantasm -- much of what
has been since seen in “Hernani.” There were arabesque figures with unsuited
limbs and appointments. There were delirious fancies such as the madman
fashions. There was much of the beautiful, much of the wanton, much of the
bizarre, something of the terrible, and not a little of that which might have
excited disgust. To and fro in the seven chambers there stalked, in fact, a
multitude of dreams. And these -- the dreams -- writhed in and about, taking hue
from the rooms, and causing the wild music of the orchestra to seem as the echo
of their steps. And, anon, there strikes the ebony clock which stands in the hall of
the velvet. And then, for a moment, all is still, and all is silent save the voice of
the clock. The dreams are stiff-frozen as they stand. But the echoes of the chime
die away -- they have endured but an instant -- and a light, half-subdued
laughter floats after them as they depart. And now again the music swells, and
the dreams live, and writhe to and fro more merrily than ever, taking hue from
the many-tinted windows through which stream the rays from the tripods. But to
the chamber which lies most westwardly of the seven, there are now none of the
maskers who venture; for the night is waning away; and there flows a ruddier
light through the blood-colored panes; and the blackness of the sable drapery
appals; and to him whose foot falls upon the sable carpet, there comes from the
near clock of ebony a muffled peal more solemnly emphatic than any which
reaches their ears who indulge in the more remote gaieties of the other
apartments.
But these other apartments were densely crowded, and in them beat
feverishly the heart of life. And the revel went whirlingly on, until at length
there commenced the sounding of midnight upon the clock. And then the music
ceased, as I have told; and the evolutions of the waltzers were quieted; and there
was an uneasy cessation of all things as before. But now there were twelve
strokes to be sounded by the bell of the clock; and thus it happened, perhaps,
that more of thought crept, with more of time, into the meditations of the

arabesque: 당초무늬, 이상한, 정교한,
당초무늬의, 아라베스크-당초무늬의,
아라비아풍의.
chime: 차임, 선율, 울리다, 돌출한
가장자리, 일치하다, 조화하다, 조화-
가락을 맞추어 울리다, 울리어
알리다, 종악을 연주하다,
시각을알리다, 종을 울려부르다.
drapery: 피륙, 휘장, 주름, 커튼, 포목,
옷, 장막, 직물업, 포장.
fete: 축연, 축제, 환대하다, 잔치를
Korean
베풀어 축하하다, 축일, 축명절. 퍼지게 하다.
feverishly: 불안정하게, 열광적으로, piquancy: 신랄, 얼얼한 맛, 통쾌.
열나게. sable: 검은담비, 암흑의, 흑색, 그
merrily: 즐겁게, 명랑하게, 흥겹게. 가죽, 검은담비의 털가죽, 검정색,
moveable: 동산, 가재, 움직일 수 있는 검은담비가죽의, 검은담비털의.
움직일 수 있는 것, 움직일 수 있는. unsuited: 부적당한, 어울리지 않은,
peal: 울림, 한 벌의 종, 종소리의 울림, 알맞지 않은.
종악, 울려 퍼지다, 울려 퍼지게 하다, wanton: 장난치다, 까불다, 바람둥이,
음악적으로 가락을 맞춘 한 벌의 종, 뛰어 돌아다니다, 우거지다, 음탕한,
종 따위의 울림, 천둥 따위의 울림, 우거진, 악의 있는, 분방한,
대포 따위의 울림, 우렁차게 울려 변덕스러운, 바람난.
 Edgar Allan Poe 123

thoughtful among those who revelled. And thus, too, it happened, perhaps, that
before the last echoes of the last chime had utterly sunk into silence, there were
many individuals in the crowd who had found leisure to become aware of the
presence of a masked figure which had arrested the attention of no single
individual before. And the rumor of this new presence having spread itself
whisperingly around, there arose at length from the whole company a buzz, or
murmur, expressive of disapprobation and surprise -- then, finally, of terror, of
horror, and of disgust.%
In an assembly of phantasms such as I have painted, it may well be supposed
that no ordinary appearance could have excited such sensation. In truth the
masquerade license of the night was nearly unlimited; but the figure in question
had out-Heroded Herod, and gone beyond the bounds of even the prince’s
indefinite decorum. There are chords in the hearts of the most reckless which
cannot be touched without emotion. Even with the utterly lost, to whom life and
death are equally jests, there are matters of which no jest can be made. The whole
company, indeed, seemed now deeply to feel that in the costume and bearing of
the stranger neither wit nor propriety existed. The figure was tall and gaunt, and
shrouded from head to foot in the habiliments of the grave. The mask which
concealed the visage was made so nearly to resemble the countenance of a
stiffened corpse that the closest scrutiny must have had difficulty in detecting the
cheat. And yet all this might have been endured, if not approved, by the mad
revellers around. But the mummer had gone so far as to assume the type of the
Red Death. His vesture was dabbled in blood -- and his broad brow, with all the
features of the face, was besprinkled with the scarlet horror.
When the eyes of Prince Prospero fell upon this spectral image (which with a
slow and solemn movement, as if more fully to sustain its role, stalked to and fro
among the waltzers) he was seen to be convulsed, in the first moment with a
strong shudder either of terror or distaste; but, in the next, his brow reddened
with rage.
“Who dares?” he demanded hoarsely of the courtiers who stood near him --
“who dares insult us with this blasphemous mockery? Seize him and unmask

Korean
blasphemous: 모독적인, 불경스러운, 쓸쓸한. 무언극의 배우, 광대.
독선적인, 불경한. habiliments: 의복. reckless: 개의치 않는, 무모한, 분별
cheat: 속이다, 협잡, 교묘하게 피하다, hoarsely: 목이 쉬어, 떠들석하게. 없는, 앞뒤를 가리지 않는.
교활한 녀석, 사기, 협잡을 하다, insult: 모욕하다, 모욕, 모욕적 언동, rumor: 소문, 소음, 풍문, 유언비어,
이럭저럭 넘기다, 바람피우다, 부정 무례, 손상, 에게 무례한 짓을 하다, 풍설, 풍설 소문을 내다, 소문내다,
행위, 사기 카드놀이, 협잡꾼. 욕보이다. 소문을 내다.
decorum: 예의바름, 고상함, 단정, license: 방종, 면허하다, 면허, 방자, spectral: 스펙트럼의, 허깨비의,
예의 바름. 감찰, 파격, 허가증, 인가, 인가하다, 유령의, 유령 같은.
disapprobation: 안된다고 함. 승낙. vesture: 의복, 가리개, 덮개, 에게 옷을
distaste: 마음에 들지 않다, 싫증. mummer: 배우, 무언극 배우, 입히다, 씌우개.
gaunt: 무시무시한, 수척한, 여윈, 무언극의 배우, 옛날 축제일의 visage: 얼굴, 얼굴 모습.
124 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

him -- that we may know whom we have to hang at sunrise, from the
battlements!”
It was in the eastern or blue chamber in which stood the Prince Prospero as
he uttered these words. They rang throughout the seven rooms loudly and
clearly -- for the prince was a bold and robust man, and the music had become
hushed at the waving of his hand.%
It was in the blue room where stood the prince, with a group of pale courtiers
by his side. At first, as he spoke, there was a slight rushing movement of this
group in the direction of the intruder, who at the moment was also near at hand,
and now, with deliberate and stately step, made closer approach to the speaker.
But from a certain nameless awe with which the mad assumptions of the
mummer had inspired the whole party, there were found none who put forth
hand to seize him; so that, unimpeded, he passed within a yard of the prince’s
person; and, while the vast assembly, as if with one impulse, shrank from the
centres of the rooms to the walls, he made his way uninterruptedly, but with the
same solemn and measured step which had distinguished him from the first,
through the blue chamber to the purple -- through the purple to the green --
through the green to the orange -- through this again to the white -- and even
thence to the violet, ere a decided movement had been made to arrest him. It was
then, however, that the Prince Prospero, maddening with rage and the shame of
his own momentary cowardice, rushed hurriedly through the six chambers,
while none followed him on account of a deadly terror that had seized upon all.
He bore aloft a drawn dagger, and had approached, in rapid impetuosity, to
within three or four feet of the retreating figure, when the latter, having attained
the extremity of the velvet apartment, turned suddenly and confronted his
pursuer. There was a sharp cry -- and the dagger dropped gleaming upon the
sable carpet, upon which, instantly afterwards, fell prostrate in death the Prince
Prospero. Then, summoning the wild courage of despair, a throng of the
revellers at once threw themselves into the black apartment, and, seizing the
mummer, whose tall figure stood erect and motionless within the shadow of the
ebony clock, gasped in unutterable horror at finding the grave-cerements and

Korean
aloft: 높이, 돛대 꼭대기에, 위로, hushed: 고요한, 조용해진. 이용하다, 움켜쥐다, 이해하다,
위쪽에, 위에. intruder: 침입자, 난입자, 방해자, 잡아매다, 잘 알고 있다, 붙들어 매다,
chambers: 독신자용 셋방, 판사실, 침입기, 비행기. 덮치다, 엄습하다.
변호사 사무실. maddening: 미칠 듯한, 미치게 하는. seizing: 압류, 잡기, 동여맴, 동여매는
cowardice: 겁, 비겁, 소심. prostrate: 엎드린, 넘어뜨리다, 밧줄, 점유, 움켜짐, 꼭쥠, 빼앗음,
dagger: 단도, 칼표, 이중 칼표, 무서운 패배한, 넘어진, 굴복시키다, 부복한, 소유, 붙잡기.
눈초리로 노려보다, 심한적의를 품고. 엎드리다, 항복시키다, 포복성의, solemn: 엄숙한, 정식의, 격식 차린,
erect: 건립하다, 꼿꼿이 세우다, 쇠약하게 하다, 쓰러뜨리다. 신성한, 종교 상의, 진지한, 심각한
꼿꼿이선, 똑바로 선, 세우다, pursuer: 추적자, 연구자, 추구자, 표정의, 종교상의, 중대한.
승격시키다, 서다, 조립하다, 종사자, 위의 일을 하는 사람. uninterruptedly: 부단하게,
직립시키다, 창설하다, 곤두서서. seize: 잡다, 압류하다, 침범하다, 연속적으로.
 Edgar Allan Poe 125

corpse-like mask which they handled with so violent a rudeness, untenanted by

any tangible form.%
And now was acknowledged the presence of the Red Death. He had come
like a thief in the night. And one by one dropped the revellers in the blood-
bedewed halls of their revel, and died each in the despairing posture of his fall.
And the life of the ebony clock went out with that of the last of the gay. And the
flames of the tripods expired. And Darkness and Decay and the Red Death held
illimitable dominion over all.

Korean
acknowledged: 일반적으로 인정된, 동성 연애자의, 동성연애, 동성 자세.
정평 있는, 정평있는. 연애의. presence: 존재, 출석, 면전, 풍채,
clock: 시계, 사람의 얼굴, 시계로 handled: 자루가 달린, 핸들이 있는. 있음, 유령, 있는 곳, 임장감, 위험
시간을 재다, 때리다, 기록을 내다, mask: 가면, 복면, 차폐하다, 마스크, 따위의 근접, 대면, 근접.
자수 장식을 하다, 의 시간을 재다, 가면을 쓰다, 탈, 정체를 드러내다, rudeness: 버릇없음, 난폭, 무례, 자연
양말의 장식수, 내내, 치다, 양말목의 에게 가면을 씌우다, 방해하다, 그대로, 조잡, 시끄럽기.
자수 장식. 가장한 사람, 핑계. untenanted: 비어있는, 임대되지 않은.
despairing: 절망적인, 필사의, posture: 상태, 자세, 인 체하다, violent: 난폭한, 맹렬한, 격심한,
자포자기한. 자세를 취하다, 형세, 태도, 젠체하다, 지독한, 폭력에 의한, 횡사, 과격한,
gay: 방탕한, 쾌활한, 화려한, 화사한, 신체의 자세, 어떤 자세를 취하다, 심한, 격정에 의한, 격렬한.
명랑한, 뻔뻔한, 건강한, 동성연애자, 어떤 태도를 취하다, 어떤 특정한
126 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

THE CASK OF AMONTILLADO

The%thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could; but when he

ventured upon insult, I vowed revenge. You, who so well know the nature of
my soul, will not suppose, however, that I gave utterance to a threat. At length I
would be avenged; this was a point definitively settled -- but the very
definitiveness with which it was resolved, precluded the idea of risk. I must not
only punish, but punish with impunity. A wrong is unredressed when
retribution overtakes its redresser. It is equally unredressed when the avenger
fails to make himself felt as such to him who has done the wrong.
It must be understood, that neither by word nor deed had I given Fortunato
cause to doubt my good will. I continued, as was my wont, to smile in his face,
and he did not perceive that my smile now was at the thought of his immolation.
He had a weak point -- this Fortunato -- although in other regards he was a
man to be respected and even feared. He prided himself on his connoisseurship
in wine. Few Italians have the true virtuoso spirit. For the most part their
enthusiasm is adopted to suit the time and opportunity -- to practise imposture
upon the British and Austrian millionaires. In painting and gemmary, Fortunato,
like his countrymen, was a quack -- but in the matter of old wines he was
sincere. In this respect I did not differ from him materially: I was skilful in the
Italian vintages myself, and bought largely whenever I could.

Korean
avenger: 복수자, 보복자, 원수를 갑는 impunity: 형을 받지 않음, 형, 벌.
사람. 처벌되지 않음, 을 받지 않음, 무사히, sincere: 성실한, 진실의.
borne: 시야가 좁은, 마음이 좁은. 무벌, 벌을 받지 않음, 해를 받지 skilful: 숙련된, 잘 만들어진.
definitively: 결정적으로, 명확하게, 않음. threat: 흉조, 위협, 협박, 강적.
일정하게, 최후로. quack: 돌팔이 의사, 식자연하는 사람, understood: 이해된, 양해된, 이해한.
differ: 의견을 달리하다, 다르다, 가짜의, 사기꾼 같은 짓, 사기꾼, 꽥꽥 virtuoso: 예술의 거장, 골동품에
논쟁하다. 울다, 떠들썩하게 지껄이다, 엉터리 정통한 사람, 미술품 감정가, 거장,
immolation: 제물로 바침, 희생, 제물, 치료를 하다, 돌팔이 의사가 쓰는, 미술품 감상가의, 미술품 감상가,
제물이 됨, 신에게 바치기 위하여 집오리 따위가 꽥꽥 울다, 시끄럽게 거장 애호같은, 거장 애호가의, 거장
죽이다, 희생하다. 지껄이다. 감상같은, 거장 감상가의, 미술품
imposture: 사기, 협잡, 사기행위. retribution: 보복, 응보, 천벌, 징벌, 애호가.
 Edgar Allan Poe 127

It was about dusk, one evening during the supreme madness of the carnival
season, that I encountered my friend. He accosted me with excessive warmth,
for he had been drinking much. The man wore motley. He had on a tight-fitting
parti-striped dress, and his head was surmounted by the conical cap and bells. I
was so pleased to see him, that I thought I should never have done wringing his
hand.%
I said to him -- “My dear Fortunato, you are luckily met. How remarkably
well you are looking to-day! But I have received a pipe of what passes for
Amontillado, and I have my doubts.”
“How?” said he. “Amontillado? A pipe? Impossible! And in the middle of
the carnival!”
“I have my doubts,” I replied; “and I was silly enough to pay the full
Amontillado price without consulting you in the matter. You were not to be
found, and I was fearful of losing a bargain.”
“Amontillado!”
“I have my doubts.”
“Amontillado!”
“And I must satisfy them.”
“Amontillado!”
“As you are engaged, I am on my way to Luchesi. If any one has a critical
turn, it is he. He will tell me --”
“Luchesi cannot tell Amontillado from Sherry.”
“And yet some fools will have it that his taste is a match for your own.”
“Come, let us go.”
“Whither?”
“To your vaults.”
“My friend, no; I will not impose upon your good nature. I perceive you
have an engagement. Luchesi --”

Korean
cap: 탈모하다, 뚜껑, 캡, 모자를 dusk: 땅거미, 그늘, 어스레한, 황혼,
씌우다, 모자, 열다, 덮다, 최고, 거무스름한, 어둑해지다, 어스름,
다투어 끄집어 내다, 피임용 페서리, 음울한, 어둑하게 하다.
특수한 모자. engaged: 바쁜, 약속된, 교전중인,
carnival: 사육제, 축제, 왁자거리며 고용된, 약혼중인, 용무중인,
놀기, 유원지, 광란, 법석, 순회흥행, 통화중인, 약혼인, 연동의, 종사하는,
스포츠경기, 시합, 흥청거림. 벽에 반쯤 묻힌.
conical: 원뿔의, 원추의, 원뿔꼴형의. engagement: 약혼, 고용, 약속, 초빙,
consulting: 자문의, 진찰 전문의, 용무, 교전, 맞물림, 연대성, 일, 계약.
잔찰을 위한, 진찰의, 고문의. excessive: 과도한, 극단적인,
drinking: 음주의, 마시기의, 음용의. 터무니없는, 과도의.
impose: 강요하다, 속이다, 과하다,
정판하다, 떠맡기다, 부과하다,
지우다, 속여서 사게하다, 안기다,
안수하다, 에 편승하다 편승하다.
luckily: 운좋게, 다행히도, 상서롭게,
운 좋게.
remarkably: 두드러지게, 몹시,
현저하게, 뚜렷하게, 매우.
warmth: 따뜻함, 흥분, 열심, 화, 온정,
온기, 격렬함, 온난, 따뜻한 느낌,
동정, 격앙.
128 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

“I have no engagement; -- come.”

“My friend, no. It is not the engagement, but the severe cold with which I
perceive you are afflicted. The vaults are insufferably damp. They are
encrusted with nitre.”
“Let us go, nevertheless. The cold is merely nothing. Amontillado! You have
been imposed upon. And as for Luchesi, he cannot distinguish Sherry from
Amontillado.”
Thus speaking, Fortunato possessed himself of my arm. Putting on a mask
of black silk, and drawing a roquelaire closely about my person, I suffered him to
hurry me to my palazzo.%
There were no attendants at home; they had absconded to make merry in
honor of the time. I had told them that I should not return until the morning,
and had given them explicit orders not to stir from the house. These orders were
sufficient, I well knew, to insure their immediate disappearance, one and all, as
soon as my back was turned.
I took from their sconces two flambeaux, and giving one to Fortunato,
bowed him through several suites of rooms to the archway that led into the
vaults. I passed down a long and winding staircase, requesting him to be
cautious as he followed. We came at length to the foot of the descent, and stood
together on the damp ground of the catacombs of the Montresors.
The gait of my friend was unsteady, and the bells upon his cap jingled as he
strode.
“The pipe,” said he.
“It is farther on,” said I; “but observe the white web-work which gleams from
these cavern walls.”
He turned towards me, and looked into my eyes with two filmy orbs that
distilled the rheum of intoxication .
“Nitre?” he asked, at length.
“Nitre,” I replied. “How long have you had that cough?”

bowed: 굽은, 머리를 숙인, 활을 가진,
활 모양의, 활 모양을 한.
cautious: 신중한, 에 주의하여, 조심성
있는, 조심스러운, 주의하여, 세심한.
disappearance: 소멸, 소실, 실종,
사라짐.
distilled: 증류한, 증류하여 얻은.
explicit: 명백한, 숨김없는, 명백히
말한, 노골적인.
filmy: 엷은 껍질의, 엷은 안개같은,
필름같은, 엷은 껍질모양의, 엷은
Korean
안개 같은.
flambeaux: 횃불, 장식용의 큰 촛대.
gait: 보조, 걸음걸이, 걷는 모양,
걸음걸이를 조련하다, 심사원 에
걷게하다, 심사원 앞에 걷게 하다,
말의 보조.
insufferably: 견딜수 없도록, 참을수
없이.
intoxication: 취함, 중독, 열중, 흥분,
도취.
possessed: 침착한, 홀린, 미친,
흘려버린.
rheum: 감기, 점막분비물, 카타르,
눈물, 비 카타르, 점막 분비물.
unsteady: 불안정한, 미덥지 못한,
변하기쉬운, 소행이 나쁜, 변하기
쉬운, 불안정하게 하다, 행실이
단정치 못한, 몸가짐이 단정치 못한.
winding: 구부러짐, 굴곡하는, 굴곡,
감아 올림, 감아 들임, 둘러 말하는,
감은 것, 부정한 행동, 우여 곡절,
감음, 감는 법.
 Edgar Allan Poe 129

“Ugh! ugh! ugh! -- ugh! ugh! ugh! -- ugh! ugh! ugh! -- ugh! ugh! ugh! --
ugh! ugh! ugh!”
My poor friend found it impossible to reply for many minutes.%
“It is nothing,” he said, at last.
“Come,” I said, with decision, “we will go back; your health is precious. You
are rich, respected, admired, beloved; you are happy, as once I was. You are a
man to be missed. For me it is no matter. We will go back; you will be ill, and I
cannot be responsible. Besides, there is Luchesi --”
“Enough,” he said; “the cough is a mere nothing; it will not kill me. I shall
not die of a cough.”
“True -- true,” I replied; “and, indeed, I had no intention of alarming you
unnecessarily -- but you should use all proper caution. A draught of this Medoc
will defend us from the damps.”
Here I knocked off the neck of a bottle which I drew from a long row of its
fellows that lay upon the mould.
“Drink,” I said, presenting him the wine.
He raised it to his lips with a leer. He paused and nodded to me familiarly,
while his bells jingled.
“I drink,” he said, “to the buried that repose around us.”
“And I to your long life.”
He again took my arm, and we proceeded.
“These vaults,” he said, “are extensive.”
“The Montresors,” I replied, “were a great and numerous family.”
“I forget your arms.”
“A huge human foot d’or, in a field azure; the foot crushes a serpent rampant
whose fangs are imbedded in the heel.”
“And the motto?”
“Nemo me impune lacessit.”

Korean
alarming: 놀랄 정도의, 경각심, 경종, 연마하다. 퍼지는, 질병 따위가 유행하는, 특히
놀라운. familiarly: 친하게, 무람없이, 사자가 뒷발로 일어선.
azure: 하늘빛, 푸른하늘, 하늘빛의, 무엄하게, 정답게, 허물없이. repose: 눕히다, 쉬다, 침착, 휴식,
창공의, 푸른 하늘. leer: 추파, 곁눈질, 짓궂은 눈매, 곁눈, 두다, 영면하다, 자다, 휴지, 영면,
beloved: 가장 사랑하는, 애인, 남편, 곁눈질하다, 곁눈으로 흘겨보다. 걸다, 조화.
소중한-가장 사랑하는 사람, 아내, mould: 지면, 옥토, 곰팡이, 거푸집, serpent: 뱀, 뱀자리, 악마, 유혹자,
가장 사랑하는 사람, 귀여운, 틀에 넣어 만든 것, 형, 본뜨다, 음험한사람, 세르팡, 뱀 같은 사람, 뱀
애용하는, 여보, 사랑받아, 부식토, 성격을 형성하다, 성질, 양토. 좌.
사랑스러운. rampant: 만연하는, 뒷발로 일어선, ugh: 억, 윽.
draught: 선발하다, 기안하다, 유행하는, 맹렬한, 자유분방한, unnecessarily: 불필요하게, 헛되이,
기초하다, 끌다, 제도공으로서 기술을 사나운, 분방한, 뒷발로선, 마구 무익하게, 쓸데없이.
130 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

“Good!” he said.%
The wine sparkled in his eyes and the bells jingled. My own fancy grew
warm with the Medoc. We had passed through walls of piled bones, with casks
and puncheons intermingling, into the inmost recesses of the catacombs. I
paused again, and this time I made bold to seize Fortunato by an arm above the
elbow.
“The nitre!” I said: “see, it increases. It hangs like moss upon the vaults. We
are below the river’s bed. The drops of moisture trickle among the bones.
Come, we will go back ere it is too late. Your cough --”
“It is nothing,” he said; “let us go on. But first, another draught of the
Medoc.”
I broke and reached him a flaçon of De Grâve. He emptied it at a breath. His
eyes flashed with a fierce light. He laughed and threw the bottle upwards with a
gesticulation I did not understand.
I looked at him in surprise. He repeated the movement -- a grotesque one.
“You do not comprehend?” he said.
“Not I,” I replied.
“Then you are not of the brotherhood.”
“How?”
“You are not of the masons.”
“Yes, yes,” I said, “yes, yes.”
“You? Impossible! A mason?”
“A mason,” I replied.
“A sign,” he said.
“It is this,” I answered, producing a trowel from beneath the folds of my
roquelaire.
“You jest,” he exclaimed, recoiling a few paces. “But let us proceed to the
Amontillado.”

cough: 기침, 기침하다, 불연소음을
내다, 을 마지못해 건네다, 을
마지못해 털어놓다, 기침병, 죄를
자백하다, 기침소리, 불연소음, 기침
소리를 내다, 헛기침하다.
drops: 점적약.
elbow: 팔꿈치, 기역자 관-팔꿈치로
찌르다, 몰두하여, 분주하여, 의복이
팔꿈치가 뚫어져, 팔꿈치로 찌르다,
기역자 관, 가난하여, 밀어 제치고
나아가다, 엘자 모양의 것, 팔꿈치
Korean
모양의 것.
fierce: 지독한, 흉포한, 맹렬한,
사나운, 싫은, 열렬한.
gesticulation: 몸짓하기, 손짓, 몸짓,
몸짓으로 말하기, 손짓하기,
몸짓하기으로 말하기, 손짓하기으로
말하기.
grotesque: 그로테스크풍, 터무니
없는, 우스운, 기괴한, 고딕체,
괴기미, 그로테스크 무늬의,
그로테스크풍의, 괴기한.
moisture: 습기, 수분.
piled: 보풀이 있는.
producing: 산출하는.
trickle: 똑똑 떨어지다, 소량, 실개천,
뚝뚝 떨어짐, 조금씩 누설되다,
조금씩 흩어져 가다, 드문드문 오다,
드문드문 흩어져 가다, 똑똑 떨어지게
하다, 물방울, 조금씩 오다.
trowel: 모종삽, 흙손으로 바르다,
흙손, 극구 칭찬하다, 모종삽으로
파다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 131

“Be it so,” I said, replacing the tool beneath the cloak, and again offering him
my arm. He leaned upon it heavily. We continued our route in search of the
Amontillado. We passed through a range of low arches, descended, passed on,
and descending again, arrived at a deep crypt, in which the foulness of the air
caused our flambeaux rather to glow than flame.%
At the most remote end of the crypt there appeared another less spacious. Its
walls had been lined with human remains, piled to the vault overhead, in the
fashion of the great catacombs of Paris. Three sides of this interior crypt were still
ornamented in this manner. From the fourth the bones had been thrown down,
and lay promiscuously upon the earth, forming at one point a mound of some
size. Within the wall thus exposed by the displacing of the bones, we perceived
a still interior recess, in depth about four feet, in width three, in height six or
seven. It seemed to have been constructed for no especial use in itself, but
formed merely the interval between two of the colossal supports of the roof of
the catacombs, and was backed by one of their circumscribing walls of solid
granite.
It was in vain that Fortunato, uplifting his dull torch, endeavored to pry into
the depths of the recess. Its termination the feeble light did not enable us to see.
“Proceed,” I said; “herein is the Amontillado. As for Luchesi --”
“He is an ignoramus,” interrupted my friend, as he stepped unsteadily
forward, while I followed immediately at his heels. In an instant he had reached
the extremity of the niche, and finding his progress arrested by the rock, stood
stupidly bewildered. A moment more and I had fettered him to the granite. In its
surface were two iron staples, distant from each other about two feet,
horizontally. From one of these depended a short chain, from the other a
padlock. Throwing the links about his waist, it was but the work of a few
seconds to secure it. He was too much astounded to resist. Withdrawing the key I
stepped back from the recess.
“Pass your hand,” I said, “over the wall; you cannot help feeling the nitre.
Indeed it is very damp. Once more let me implore you to return. No? Then I

Korean
colossal: 거대한, 훌륭한, 터무니없는, implore: 간청하다, 애원하다,
어마어마한, 놀랄만한, 굉장한. 탄원하다.
crypt: 지하실, 토굴. lined: 안을 댄, 선을 그은.
descending: 내려가는, 강하하는, mound: 석가산, 작은 언덕, 투수판,
하향의. 흙무덤, 둑, 둑덕지게 하다.
foulness: 부정, 불결, 악랄, 입이 niche: 벽감, 적소, 벽감에 안치하다,
상스러움, 불결물, 불결한것, 사나움, 앉이다, 벽감에 놓다, 사람에
입이 더러움, 불결한 것. 있어서의 적소, 물건에 있어서의
granite: 화강암, 쑥돌. 적소.
horizontally: 가로로, 수평으로, nitre: 질산칼륨.
지평으로. padlock: 맹꽁이 자물쇠, 맹꽁이
자물쇠로 잠그다.
pry: 애써서 얻다, 엿보다, 지레,
일일이 알고 싶어하다, 지레로
올리다, 꼬치꼬치 캐기 좋아하는
사람, 일일이 알고 싶어하다-
꼬치고치 캐기 좋아하는 사람, 캐기
좋아하는 사람, 지레-지레로 올리다,
지레로 움직이다, 형편을 살피다.
stupidly: 어리석게도, 마취되어.
unsteadily: 미덥지 못하게,
불안정하게.
132 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

must positively leave you. But I must first render you all the little attentions in
my power.”
“The Amontillado!” ejaculated my friend, not yet recovered from his
astonishment.%
“True,” I replied; “the Amontillado.”
As I said these words I busied myself among the pile of bones of which I have
before spoken. Throwing them aside, I soon uncovered a quantity of building
stone and mortar. With these materials and with the aid of my trowel, I began
vigorously to wall up the entrance of the niche.
I had scarcely laid the first tier of my masonry when I discovered that the
intoxication of Fortunato had in a great measure worn off. The earliest indication
I had of this was a low moaning cry from the depth of the recess. It was not the
cry of a drunken man. There was then a long and obstinate silence. I laid the
second tier, and the third, and the fourth; and then I heard the furious vibrations
of the chain. The noise lasted for several minutes, during which, that I might
hearken to it with the more satisfaction, I ceased my labors and sat down upon
the bones. When at last the clanking subsided, I resumed the trowel, and
finished without interruption the fifth, the sixth, and the seventh tier. The wall
was now nearly upon a level with my breast. I again paused, and holding the
flambeaux over the mason-work, threw a few feeble rays upon the figure within.
A succession of loud and shrill screams, bursting suddenly from the throat of
the chained form, seemed to thrust me violently back. For a brief moment I
hesitated -- I trembled. Unsheathing my rapier, I began to grope with it about
the recess: but the thought of an instant reassured me. I placed my hand upon
the solid fabric of the catacombs, and felt satisfied. I reapproached the wall. I
replied to the yells of him who clamored. I re-echoed -- I aided -- I surpassed
them in volume and in strength. I did this, and the clamorer grew still.
It was now midnight, and my task was drawing to a close. I had completed
the eighth, the ninth, and the tenth tier. I had finished a portion of the last and
the eleventh; there remained but a single stone to be fitted and plastered in. I
struggled with its weight; I placed it partially in its destined position. But now
Korean
destined: 예정된, 운명지어진, 향하는. 중절, 불통. 가느다란 쌍날칼.
drunken: 술취한, 술고래의. laid: 집에 틀어박힌, 몸져 누워 있는. recovered: 회복한, 병 등에서 회복한.
eleventh: 제11의, 열한 명 한조의 것, masonry: 석조 건축, 프리메이슨 조합, tier: 열, 층층으로 포개어 다, 일련의
제 십일, 제 11, 오전 열한 시 경에 석공직, 석공 직, 벽돌공사, 벽돌공 군, 그 한 단, 매는 것, 매는 사람,
먹는 가벼운 식사, 오전 열한 시 경에 직, 콘크리트 공사, 콘크리트공 직, 앞치마, 일련의 주, 층, 층층으로
먹는 가벼운 다과, 열한 시, 열한 개 돌공사. 쌓다.
한벌의 것, 열한, 십일, 십일의. ninth: 아홉번째로, 제 9, 제구, uncovered: 보험에 들지 않은, 모자를
grope: 찾다, 더듬다, 암중모색하다, 제구의, 제구번째의 사람, 제구번째의 쓰지 않은, 담보가 없는, 덮개가 없는,
암중모색 하다, 손으로 더듬다, 것, 제구번째의, 제구로, 제 9의, 구도, 노출된, 모자를 쓰지않는, 차페물이
모색하다. 아홉분의 하나의. 없는, 덮게를 씌우지 않는, 차폐물이
interruption: 중단, 방해, 가로막음, rapier: 가늘고 긴 쌍날칼, 장검, 없는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 133

there came from out the niche a low laugh that erected the hairs upon my head.
It was succeeded by a sad voice, which I had difficulty in recognising as that of
the noble Fortunato. The voice said -
“Ha! ha! ha! -- he! he! -- a very good joke indeed -- an excellent jest. We
will have many a rich laugh about it at the palazzo -- he! he! he! -- over our wine
-- he! he! he!”
“The Amontillado!” I said.%
“He! he! he! -- he! he! he! -- yes, the Amontillado. But is it not getting late?
Will not they be awaiting us at the palazzo, the Lady Fortunato and the rest? Let
us be gone.”
“Yes,” I said, “let us be gone.”
“For the love of God, Montressor!”
“Yes,” I said, “for the love of God!”
But to these words I hearkened in vain for a reply. I grew impatient. I called
aloud -
“Fortunato!”
No answer. I called again -
“Fortunato!”
No answer still. I thrust a torch through the remaining aperture and let it fall
within. There came forth in return only a jingling of the bells. My heart grew
sick -- on account of the dampness of the catacombs. I hastened to make an end
of my labor. I forced the last stone into its position; I plastered it up. Against the
new masonry I re-erected the old rampart of bones. For the half of a century no
mortal has disturbed them. In pace requiescat!

Korean
difficulty: 곤란, 이의, 궁박, 난국, 못견디는. 누벽으로 견고히 하다.
논쟁, 지장, 어려움, 항의, 곤경. joke: 농담, 놀리다, 장난, 익살, sick: 창백한, 병의, 병자용의,
disturbed: 교란된, 정신장애자, 웃음거리, 농담을 하다. 욕지기가 나는, 그리워하는, 넌더리
사란한, 산란한, 정서장애가 있는, noble: 고귀한, 훌륭한, 귀족, 고결한, 나는, 상태가 좋지 않은, 싫증이 나는,
정서장애자, 정신장애가 있는. 귀중한, 당당한, 숭고한, 유명한, 토하다, 병자의, 싫증이 나서.
forth: 앞으로, 밖으로, 보이는곳에, 뛰어난, 독선가, 노블금화파업 thrust: 밀다, 찌르다, 찔러넣다, 공격,
에서 바깥에, 보이는 곳에, 이후. 파괴지도자. 습격, 돌진하다, 찌르기, 혹평,
impatient: 성마른, 안달하는, 참을수 rampart: 방어, 누벽, 성벽을 두르다, 밀치다, 밀기, 돌격.
없는, 갈망하는몹시기다려지는, 못 성벽, 수비, 에 누벽을 두르다, torch: 횃불, 빛, 막대 모양의 회중
견디는, 성급한, 안절부절 못하는, 방비하다, 방어하다, 에 성벽으로 전등, 토치램프, 회중 전등, 지식의
조바심하는, 참을성없는, 탐나서 견고히 하다, 에 성벽을 두르다, 에 등불, 방화범, 문화의 등불, 토치.
134 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

THE %IMP OF THE PERVERSE

In the consideration of the faculties and impulses -- of the prima mobilia of

the human soul, the phrenologists have failed to make room for a propensity
which, although obviously existing as a radical, primitive, irreducible sentiment,
has been equally overlooked by all the moralists who have preceded them. In the
pure arrogance of the reason, we have all overlooked it. We have suffered its
existence to escape our senses, solely through want of belief -- of faith; -- whether
it be faith in Revelation, or faith in the Kabbala. The idea of it has never occurred
to us, simply because of its supererogation. We saw no need of the impulse -- for
the propensity. We could not perceive its necessity. We could not understand,
that is to say, we could not have understood, had the notion of this primum
mobile ever obtruded itself; -- we could not have understood in what manner it
might be made to further the objects of humanity, either temporal or eternal. It
cannot be denied that phrenology and, in great measure, all metaphysicianism
have been concocted a priori. The intellectual or logical man, rather than the
understanding or observant man, set himself to imagine designs -- to dictate
purposes to God. Having thus fathomed, to his satisfaction, the intentions of
Jehovah, out of these intentions he built his innumerable systems of mind. In the
matter of phrenology, for example, we first determined, naturally enough, that it
was the design of the Deity that man should eat. We then assigned to man an
organ of alimentiveness, and this organ is the scourge with which the Deity

Korean
arrogance: 건만, 건방, 거만. irreducible: 줄일 수 없는, 뜻하는 사람, 엄수하는 사람.
dictate: 지령, 받아쓰게하다, 명령, 상태로 만들수 없는, 감할 수 없는, phrenology: 골상학.
명령하다, 명령하다-명령, 지령하다, 정복불능의, 바꿀 수 없는, 돌이킬 수 prima: 으뜸가는, 제일의, 주요한.
지시하다, 구술하다, 글을 받아쓰게 없는, 돌릴수 없는. propensity: 경향, 버릇, 벽.
하다. mobile: 변하기 쉬운, 자유로 scourge: 천벌, 몹시 괴롭히다,
eternal: 영원한, 영구한, 끝없는, 움직이는, 표정 따위가 변하기 쉬운, 매질하다, 채찍, 벌하다, 매,
평상시의, 예의, 불멸의, 변함없는, 모빌의, 마음 따위가 변하기 쉬운, 징벌하다, 채찍질하다.
영원한 것, 하느님. 움직이기 쉬운, 가동장치. temporal: 시간의, 현세의,
humanity: 인류, 인간성, 인정, 인간, observant: 주의깊은, 관찰력이 관자놀이의, 측두골, 때의, 순간적인,
인문 과학, 박애, 인간임, 사람의 예리한, 준수하는, 법 따위의 세속의, 때를 나타내는, 속세의,
속성, 자선 행위, 라틴 문학, 인간애. 엄수하는 사람, 관습 따위의 엄수하는 세속적인 일, 세속적인 것.
 Edgar Allan Poe 135

compels man, will-I nill-I, into eating. Secondly, having settled it to be God’s will
that man should continue his species, we discovered an organ of amativeness,
forthwith. And so with combativeness, with ideality, with causality, with
constructiveness, -- so, in short, with every organ, whether representing a
propensity, a moral sentiment, or a faculty of the pure intellect. And in these
arrangements of the Principia of human action, the Spurzheimites, whether right
or wrong, in part, or upon the whole, have but followed, in principle, the
footsteps of their predecessors: deducing and establishing every thing from the
preconceived destiny of man, and upon the ground of the objects of his Creator.%
It would have been wiser, it would have been safer, to classify (if classify we
must) upon the basis of what man usually or occasionally did, and was always
occasionally doing, rather than upon the basis of what we took it for granted the
Deity intended him to do. If we cannot comprehend God in his visible works,
how then in his inconceivable thoughts, that call the works into being? If we
cannot understand him in his objective creatures, how then in his substantive
moods and phases of creation?
Induction, a posteriori, would have brought phrenology to admit, as an
innate and primitive principle of human action, a paradoxical something, which
we may call perverseness, for want of a more characteristic term. In the sense I
intend, it is, in fact, a mobile without motive, a motive not motivirt. Through its
promptings we act without comprehensible object; or, if this shall be understood
as a contradiction in terms, we may so far modify the proposition as to say, that
through its promptings we act, for the reason that we should not. In theory, no
reason can be more unreasonable, but, in fact, there is none more strong. With
certain minds, under certain conditions, it becomes absolutely irresistible. I am
not more certain that I breathe, than that the assurance of the wrong or error of
any action is often the one unconquerable force which impels us, and alone
impels us to its prosecution. Nor will this overwhelming tendency to do wrong
for the wrong’s sake, admit of analysis, or resolution into ulterior elements. It is
a radical, a primitive impulse-elementary. It will be said, I am aware, that when
we persist in acts because we feel we should not persist in them, our conduct is

causality: 인과관계, 원인작용, 인과
관계, 인과율, 작인.
classify: 분류하다, 기밀 취급하다,
격을 매기다, 등급으로 나누다,
유별하다.
comprehensible: 알기 쉬운, 이해 할
수 있는, 포함되는, 이해할 수 있는,
이해할수있는.
contradiction: 부정, 모순, 부인, 상반,
반박, 모순된 말, 당착, 반대.
destiny: 운명, 천명, 하늘, 하늘의 뜻.
Korean
induction: 취임식, 유도, 귀납법, paradoxical: 역설의, 역설적인, 역설을
귀납, 서론, 징병, 전제, 머리말, 도입, 좋아하는, 궤변을 농하는,
모병, 유도감응. 역설적으로.
innate: 타고난, 선천적인, 본질적인, persist: 고집하다, 지속하다,
고유의, 본유적인, 천부의. 주장하다.
modify: 가감하다, 완화하다, sake: 목적, 위함, 이유, 제발, 을 위함.
수식하다, 수정하다, 뜻을 한정하다, ulterior: 저쪽의, 금후의, 장래의,
뜻을 수식하다, 낱말의 뜻을 뒤의, 마음 속의, 마음 의향 등.
수식하다, 낱말의 뜻을 한정하다. unconquerable: 정복할 수 없는,
overwhelming: 압도적인, 저항할 수 무적의, 정복하기 어려운, 극복하기
없는. 어려운.
136 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

but a modification of that which ordinarily springs from the combativeness of

phrenology. But a glance will show the fallacy of this idea. The phrenological
combativeness has for its essence, the necessity of self-defence. It is our
safeguard against injury. Its principle regards our well-being; and thus the desire
to be well is excited simultaneously with its development. It follows, that the
desire to be well must be excited simultaneously with any principle which shall
be merely a modification of combativeness, but in the case of that something
which I term perverseness, the desire to be well is not only not aroused, but a
strongly antagonistical sentiment exists.%
An appeal to one’s own heart is, after all, the best reply to the sophistry just
noticed. No one who trustingly consults and thoroughly questions his own soul,
will be disposed to deny the entire radicalness of the propensity in question. It is
not more incomprehensible than distinctive. There lives no man who at some
period has not been tormented, for example, by an earnest desire to tantalize a
listener by circumlocution. The speaker is aware that he displeases; he has every
intention to please, he is usually curt, precise, and clear, the most laconic and
luminous language is struggling for utterance upon his tongue, it is only with
difficulty that he restrains himself from giving it flow; he dreads and deprecates
the anger of him whom he addresses; yet, the thought strikes him, that by certain
involutions and parentheses this anger may be engendered. That single thought
is enough. The impulse increases to a wish, the wish to a desire, the desire to an
uncontrollable longing, and the longing (to the deep regret and mortification of
the speaker, and in defiance of all consequences) is indulged.
We have a task before us which must be speedily performed. We know that it
will be ruinous to make delay. The most important crisis of our life calls,
trumpet-tongued, for immediate energy and action. We glow, we are consumed
with eagerness to commence the work, with the anticipation of whose glorious
result our whole souls are on fire. It must, it shall be undertaken to-day, and yet
we put it off until to-morrow, and why? There is no answer, except that we feel
perverse, using the word with no comprehension of the principle. To-morrow
arrives, and with it a more impatient anxiety to do our duty, but with this very

antagonistical: 대립하는, 반대의,
상반하는, 적대의.
circumlocution: 핑계, 어물거림,
에두르는 말투, 에두름, 에둘러말함,
완곡, 에둘러 말함, 완곡한 표현.
curt: 무뚝뚝한, 간략한, 짧은,
퉁명스러운, 짧게자른.
eagerness: 열의, 열망, 열심.
fallacy: 틀린생각, 사기성, 오류,
그릇된 생각.
incomprehensible: 무한한, 불가해한,
Korean
무한한것, 이해할 수 없는, 이해할수
없는.
laconic: 간결한.
listener: 경청자, 청취자.
mortification: 굴욕, 고행, 금욕, 탈저,
억울함, 회저, 분함, 억울한 일.
parentheses: 막간극, 삽입구, 괄호.
phrenological: 골상학의.
ruinous: 황폐한, 파멸을 가져오는,
파괴적인, 영락한, 터무니없이 비싼,
몰락한, 파멸을 초래하는, 파괴된.
self-defence: 정당 방위, 호신, 자기
방어, 자위.
sophistry: 궤변, 구차한 억지 이론,
궤변술, 궤변법.
tantalize: 보여서 감질나게 하다, 주는
체하고 안주다, 감질나게 하다,
애타게 하다.
trustingly: 믿고, 안심하고, 안심하여,
신용하여.
uncontrollable: 억제할 수 없는,
제어할 수 없는, 통제할 수 없는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 137

increase %of anxiety arrives, also, a nameless, a positively fearful, because

unfathomable, craving for delay. This craving gathers strength as the moments
fly. The last hour for action is at hand. We tremble with the violence of the
conflict within us, -- of the definite with the indefinite -- of the substance with the
shadow. But, if the contest have proceeded thus far, it is the shadow which
prevails, -- we struggle in vain. The clock strikes, and is the knell of our welfare.
At the same time, it is the chanticleer -- note to the ghost that has so long
overawed us. It flies -- it disappears -- we are free. The old energy returns. We
will labor now. Alas, it is too late!
We stand upon the brink of a precipice. We peer into the abyss -- we grow
sick and dizzy. Our first impulse is to shrink from the danger. Unaccountably
we remain. By slow degrees our sickness and dizziness and horror become
merged in a cloud of unnamable feeling. By gradations, still more imperceptible,
this cloud assumes shape, as did the vapor from the bottle out of which arose the
genius in the Arabian Nights. But out of this our cloud upon the precipice’s edge,
there grows into palpability, a shape, far more terrible than any genius or any
demon of a tale, and yet it is but a thought, although a fearful one, and one
which chills the very marrow of our bones with the fierceness of the delight of
its horror. It is merely the idea of what would be our sensations during the
sweeping precipitancy of a fall from such a height. And this fall -- this rushing
annihilation -- for the very reason that it involves that one most ghastly and
loathsome of all the most ghastly and loathsome images of death and suffering
which have ever presented themselves to our imagination -- for this very cause
do we now the most vividly desire it. And because our reason violently deters us
from the brink, therefore do we the most impetuously approach it. There is no
passion in nature so demoniacally impatient, as that of him who, shuddering
upon the edge of a precipice, thus meditates a Plunge. To indulge, for a moment,
in any attempt at thought, is to be inevitably lost; for reflection but urges us to
forbear, and therefore it is, I say, that we cannot. If there be no friendly arm to
check us, or if we fail in a sudden effort to prostrate ourselves backward from
the abyss, we plunge, and are destroyed.

Korean
annihilation: 전멸, 붕괴, 소멸, demoniacally: 흉악하게, 귀신같이,
영혼소멸, 무효. 귀신들린듯이.
backward: 거꾸로의, 싫어하는, fierceness: 사나움, 맹렬, 흉포.
뒤로의, 개약의, 뒤로, 개악의, forbear: 억누르다, 참다, 삼가다,
거꾸로, 발전이 늦은, 후방의, 그만두다, 조상, 억제하다.
후방으로, 퇴보하여. gathers: 주름.
brink: 가장자리, 찰나, 위기, 물가, impetuously: 맹렬한, 성급한, 격렬한.
고비, 정상. knell: 울리다, 불길한 징조, 궂은 일을
chanticleer: 수탉. 알리다, 조종, 슬픈 소리를 내다, 흉사
craving: 갈망, 열망, 간원 강렬한, 따위를 알리다, 종소리, 알리다,
갈망하는, 열망하는. 조종이 울리다, 흉조.
marrow: 골수, 순수한, 정수, 서양
호박, 원기, 자양이 풍부한 음식.
precipitancy: 화급, 경솔, 황급, 경솔한
행위, 허둥대는 행위, 경거망동, 몹시
서두름, 다급.
shrink: 뒷걸음질, 정신과 의사,
뒷걸음질 치다, 움츠리다, 추측,
줄어들다, 줄어들게 하다, 방축
가공하다, 수축, 오그라들다,
움츠러지다.
unaccountably: 설명할 수 없게.
138 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

Examine these similar actions as we will, we shall find them resulting solely
from the spirit of the Perverse. We perpetrate them because we feel that we
should not. Beyond or behind this there is no intelligible principle; and we
might, indeed, deem this perverseness a direct instigation of the Arch-Fiend,
were it not occasionally known to operate in furtherance of good.%
I have said thus much, that in some measure I may answer your question,
that I may explain to you why I am here, that I may assign to you something that
shall have at least the faint aspect of a cause for my wearing these fetters, and for
my tenanting this cell of the condemned. Had I not been thus prolix, you might
either have misunderstood me altogether, or, with the rabble, have fancied me
mad. As it is, you will easily perceive that I am one of the many uncounted
victims of the Imp of the Perverse.
It is impossible that any deed could have been wrought with a more
thorough deliberation. For weeks, for months, I pondered upon the means of the
murder. I rejected a thousand schemes, because their accomplishment involved
a chance of detection. At length, in reading some French Memoirs, I found an
account of a nearly fatal illness that occurred to Madame Pilau, through the
agency of a candle accidentally poisoned. The idea struck my fancy at once. I
knew my victim’s habit of reading in bed. I knew, too, that his apartment was
narrow and ill-ventilated. But I need not vex you with impertinent details. I need
not describe the easy artifices by which I substituted, in his bed-room candle-
stand, a wax-light of my own making for the one which I there found. The next
morning he was discovered dead in his bed, and the Coroner’s verdict was --
“Death by the visitation of God.”
Having inherited his estate, all went well with me for years. The idea of
detection never once entered my brain. Of the remains of the fatal taper I had
myself carefully disposed. I had left no shadow of a clew by which it would be
possible to convict, or even to suspect me of the crime. It is inconceivable how
rich a sentiment of satisfaction arose in my bosom as I reflected upon my
absolute security. For a very long period of time I was accustomed to revel in this
sentiment. It afforded me more real delight than all the mere worldly advantages

Korean
accomplishment: 성취, 완성, instigation: 선동, 자극, 유인, 교사.
성과.서투른 제주, 수행, 실행, 소양, perpetrate: 범하다, 범죄, 범행,
예능, 성과, 서투른 재주. 저지르다, 나쁜 짓 따위를 범하다,
clew: 실꾸리, 실톳으로 만들다, 과오 따위를 범하다.
돛귀를 당기다, 매다는 줄, 배돛귀, prolix: 장황한, 지루한, 지루하게
길잡이 실, 줄거리, 실마리. 말하는.
furtherance: 조장, 촉진. rabble: 무질서한 군중, 뒤죽 박죽된것,
impertinent: 건방진, 무례한, 오합지중, 교반봉, 교반봉으로
주제넘은, 당치 않은, 무관계한, 휘젓다, 되는 대로 일을 하다, 떼,
부적당한, 적절하지 못한, 적절하지 빨리 말하다, 떼를 지어 습격하다,
않은. 어중이 떠중이, 와글대는 어중이
떠중이.
taper: 점점 줄다, 초먹인 심지, 끝이
가는, 끝이 뾰족함, 약한 빛, 가는 초,
점점 가늘어지다, 끝이 가늘어진,
끝이 뾰족해진, 점점 가늘게 하다,
점점 적어지다.
uncounted: 세지 않은, 무수한.
visitation: 천벌, 방문, 순시, 천혜,
시찰, 선박 임검, 그 축일, 성모
방문의 축일, 순회 조사, 오래 끄는
방문, 필요 이상 머무는 방문.
 Edgar Allan Poe 139

accruing%from my sin. But there arrived at length an epoch, from which the
pleasurable feeling grew, by scarcely perceptible gradations, into a haunting
and harassing thought. It harassed because it haunted. I could scarcely get rid of
it for an instant. It is quite a common thing to be thus annoyed with the ringing
in our ears, or rather in our memories, of the burthen of some ordinary song, or
some unimpressive snatches from an opera. Nor will we be the less tormented if
the song in itself be good, or the opera air meritorious. In this manner, at last, I
would perpetually catch myself pondering upon my security, and repeating, in a
low undertone, the phrase, “I am safe.”
One day, whilst sauntering along the streets, I arrested myself in the act of
murmuring, half aloud, these customary syllables. In a fit of petulance, I
remodelled them thus; “I am safe -- I am safe -- yes -- if I be not fool enough to
make open confession!”
No sooner had I spoken these words, than I felt an icy chill creep to my heart.
I had had some experience in these fits of perversity, (whose nature I have been
at some trouble to explain), and I remembered well that in no instance I had
successfully resisted their attacks. And now my own casual self-suggestion that I
might possibly be fool enough to confess the murder of which I had been guilty,
confronted me, as if the very ghost of him whom I had murdered -- and
beckoned me on to death.
At first, I made an effort to shake off this nightmare of the soul. I walked
vigorously -- faster -- still faster -- at length I ran. I felt a maddening desire to
shriek aloud. Every succeeding wave of thought overwhelmed me with new
terror, for, alas! I well, too well understood that to think, in my situation, was to
be lost. I still quickened my pace. I bounded like a madman through the crowded
thoroughfares. At length, the populace took the alarm, and pursued me. I felt
then the consummation of my fate. Could I have torn out my tongue, I would
have done it, but a rough voice resounded in my ears -- a rougher grasp seized
me by the shoulder. I turned -- I gasped for breath. For a moment I experienced
all the pangs of suffocation; I became blind, and deaf, and giddy; and then some

Korean
chill: 오한, 냉기, 차가운, 한기, 춥게 harassed: 성가신 듯한, 초조한, 매우 칭찬할 만한, 공훈 있는.
하다, 냉담한, 냉장하다, 냉랭한, 지친몹시 시달린. perversity: 사악, 빙퉁그러짐, 외고집,
풀죽음, 추위에 떨고 있는, 냉담. harassing: 괴롭히는, 귀찮게 구는. 뒤틀린 성미, 비뚤어진 성미.
consummation: 완성, 기수, 성취, haunted: 붙은, 고뇌에 시달린, pleasurable: 즐거운, 유쾌한,
결혼의 완성, 극치, 달성, 완수, 완전, 도깨비가 나오는, 유령이 나오는, 기분좋은.
종말, 죽음, 완료. 무엇에 흘린. populace: 대중, 서민, 하층 계급.
creep: 포복, 기다, 살살 기다, 소리를 haunting: 출몰, 마음에서 떠나지 rougher: 대충 만드는 사람.
죽여 걷다, 근질근질하다, 탐해구로 않는, 마음에서 떠나지 않는 자주 self-suggestion: 자기 암시.
해저를 더듬다, 지층의 변형, 점점 다니기, 잊혀지지 않는, 자주 다님, suffocation: 질식, 질식시킴.
어긋나 움직이다, 섬뜩해지는 느낌, 자주 마음속에 떠오르는. unimpressive: 인상적이 아닌, 강한
살금살금 걷다, 슬며시 접근하다. meritorious: 가치 있는, 공적 있는, 감동을 주지 않는, 인상이 희박한.
140 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

invisible fiend, I thought, struck me with his broad palm upon the back. The
long imprisoned secret burst forth from my soul.%
They say that I spoke with a distinct enunciation, but with marked emphasis
and passionate hurry, as if in dread of interruption before concluding the brief,
but pregnant sentences that consigned me to the hangman and to hell.
Having related all that was necessary for the fullest judicial conviction, I fell
prostrate in a swoon.
But why shall I say more? To-day I wear these chains, and am here! To-
morrow I shall be fetterless! -- but where?

Korean
burst: 파열하다, 돌발, 별안간 급함, 서두르게하다, 쉽사리, 서두를
나타나다, 터지다, 폭발, 충만하다, 필요, 사구, 서두르게 하다, 진음곡,
찢다, 집중 사격, 파열시키다, 파열, 열심.
잡아 찢다. imprisoned: 교도소에 집어 넣은.
conviction: 죄의 자각, 설득, 회오, invisible: 눈에 보이지 않는, 신, 영계,
확신, 신념, 유죄의 판결, 설득력, 눈에 안보이는, 모습을 나타내지
유죄판결. 않는, 숨은, 얼굴을 보이지 않는,
fetterless: 족쇄가 없는. 얼굴을 내놓지 않는.
fiend: 악마, 악령, 잔인한사람, 마귀 palm: 손바닥, 승리, 우승하다,
같은 사람, 에 미친 사람. 종려나무의 가지, 종려, 장갑의
hurry: 서두르다, 서두름, 허둥대어, 손바닥, 야자, 손바닥 모양의 부분,
속여서 안기다, 수척, 종려나무.
passionate: 열렬한, 감정적인, 감정에
지배되는, 성 잘 내는, 열렬하다,
열렬하는, 인정에 무른, 화내기 쉬운.
pregnant: 임신한, 함축성 있는,
뜻깊은, 가득 찬, 풍부한, 다산의,
의미 심장한, 현명한, 연구심이
풍부한, 창의성이 풍부한, 충만한.
struck: 파업으로 폐쇄된.
swoon: 기절, 차츰 사라져 가다, 졸도,
졸도하다, 기절하다, 약해지다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 141

THE ISLAND OF THE FAY

Nullus enim locus sine genio est.%

--Servius

“La musique,” says Marmontel, in those “Contes Moraux” which in all our
translations, we have insisted upon calling “Moral Tales,” as if in mockery of
their spirit -- “la musique est le seul des talents qui jouissent de lui-meme; tous les
autres veulent des temoins.” He here confounds the pleasure derivable from sweet
sounds with the capacity for creating them. No more than any other talent, is that
for music susceptible of complete enjoyment, where there is no second party to
appreciate its exercise. And it is only in common with other talents that it
produces effects which may be fully enjoyed in solitude. The idea which the
raconteur has either failed to entertain clearly, or has sacrificed in its expression
to his national love of point, is, doubtless, the very tenable one that the higher
order of music is the most thoroughly estimated when we are exclusively alone.
The proposition, in this form, will be admitted at once by those who love the
lyre for its own sake, and for its spiritual uses. But there is one pleasure still
within the reach of fallen mortality and perhaps only one -- which owes even
more than does music to the accessory sentiment of seclusion. I mean the
happiness experienced in the contemplation of natural scenery. In truth, the man

Korean
admitted: 시인된, 공인된, 명백한. happiness: 행복, 행운, 유쾌, 교묘,
doubtless: 확실히, 의심할 여지 없이, 적절, 기쁨, 교묘함.
의심 없는. locus: 장소, 소재지, 현장.
enjoyment: 향락, 기쁨, 보유, 향유. lyre: 리라, 서정시, 거문고, 고대
entertain: 대접하다, 품다, 그리스의 리라, 거문고 별자리.
즐겁게하다, 유쾌한, 재미있는, proposition: 명제, 유혹, 제안, 기업,
즐겁게 하다, 간직하다, 호의로써 상대, 것, 놈, 서술, 유혹하다, 정리,
받아들이다, 환대하다. 제의.
estimated: 추측의, 견적의. raconteur: 이야기꾼, 말솜씨 좋은
exclusively: 독점적으로, 오로지, 사람, 이야기 잘하는 사람, 좌담가.
배타적으로, 폐쇄적으로. scenery: 풍경, 경치, 무대 배경, 세트,
배경, 무대면.
sine: 사인.
susceptible: 을 할수 있는, 예민하게
느끼는, 민감한, 동하기 쉬운, 을
허락하는, 정에무른, 느끼기 쉬운,
받기 쉬워서, 허용하여.
tenable: 지킬수 있는, 유지할 수 있는,
계속할 수 있는, 공격에 견딜 수 있는,
주장할 수 있는.
thoroughly: 철저히, 순전히,
ㅁㅇ완전히, 충분히, 완전히.
142 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

who would behold aright the glory of God upon earth must in solitude behold
that glory. To me, at least, the presence -- not of human life only, but of life in any
other form than that of the green things which grow upon the soil and are
voiceless -- is a stain upon the landscape -- is at war with the genius of the scene.
I love, indeed, to regard the dark valleys, and the gray rocks, and the waters that
silently smile, and the forests that sigh in uneasy slumbers, and the proud
watchful mountains that look down upon all, -- I love to regard these as
themselves but the colossal members of one vast animate and sentient whole -- a
whole whose form (that of the sphere) is the most perfect and most inclusive of
all; whose path is among associate planets; whose meek handmaiden is the
moon, whose mediate sovereign is the sun; whose life is eternity, whose thought
is that of a God; whose enjoyment is knowledge; whose destinies are lost in
immensity, whose cognizance of ourselves is akin with our own cognizance of
the animalculae which infest the brain -- a being which we, in consequence,
regard as purely inanimate and material much in the same manner as these
animalculae must thus regard us.%
Our telescopes and our mathematical investigations assure us on every hand
-- notwithstanding the cant of the more ignorant of the priesthood -- that space,
and therefore that bulk, is an important consideration in the eyes of the
Almighty. The cycles in which the stars move are those best adapted for the
evolution, without collision, of the greatest possible number of bodies. The forms
of those bodies are accurately such as, within a given surface, to include the
greatest possible amount of matter; -- while the surfaces themselves are so
disposed as to accommodate a denser population than could be accommodated
on the same surfaces otherwise arranged. Nor is it any argument against bulk
being an object with God, that space itself is infinite; for there may be an infinity
of matter to fill it. And since we see clearly that the endowment of matter with
vitality is a principle -- indeed, as far as our judgments extend, the leading
principle in the operations of Deity, -- it is scarcely logical to imagine it confined
to the regions of the minute, where we daily trace it, and not extending to those
of the august. As we find cycle within cycle without end, -- yet all revolving
around one far-distant centre which is the God-head, may we not analogically

Korean
animate: 격려하다, 살리다, inclusive: 일체를 포함한, 함께 priesthood: 성직, 성직자, 사제직.
활기띠게하다, 생명을주다, 활기띠게 계산하여, 함께 넣어, 포함하여, revolving: 회전하는, 회전식의,
하다, 생기 있게 하다, 을 움직이다, 모든것을넣은, 을 포함하여, 모든 회전장치의, 선회하는, 윤전식의.
에 움직임을 주다, 에 생명을 것을 포함한, 포함한, 모든 것을 넣은, sentient: 마음, 지각력이 있는 사람,
불어넣다, 생물인, 생기 있는. 계산에 넣어서. 지각력이 있는 것, 지각력이 있는,
handmaiden: 시녀, 하녀, 보조적인 mediate: 중개의, 중간의, 조정하여 감각 력이있는, 의식하는, 감각력이
것, 몸종. 성립시키다, 중재하다, 조정하다, 있는 사람, 감각력이 있는 것,
immensity: 무한한 공간, 광대, 협정 따위를 조정하여 성립시키다, 감각력이 있는.
광대함. 강화 따위를 조정하여 성립시키다. stars: 별빛.
inanimate: 생명없는, 생명이 없는, meek: 온순한, 유화한, 겸손한, 기백 voiceless: 목소리가 없는, 무성음의,
활기가 없는. 없는, 순한, 얌전한. 무성의, 벙어리의.
 Edgar Allan Poe 143

suppose in the same manner, life within life, the less within the greater, and all
within the Spirit Divine? In short, we are madly erring, through self-esteem, in
believing man, in either his temporal or future destinies, to be of more moment
in the universe than that vast “clod of the valley” which he tills and contemns,
and to which he denies a soul for no more profound reason than that he does not
behold it in operation.%
These fancies, and such as these, have always given to my meditations
among the mountains and the forests, by the rivers and the ocean, a tinge of
what the everyday world would not fail to term fantastic. My wanderings amid
such scenes have been many, and far-searching, and often solitary; and the
interest with which I have strayed through many a dim, deep valley, or gazed
into the reflected Heaven of many a bright lake, has been an interest greatly
deepened by the thought that I have strayed and gazed alone. What flippant
Frenchman was it who said in allusion to the well-known work of Zimmerman,
that, “la solitude est une belle chose; mais il faut quelqu’un pour vous dire que la
solitude est une belle chose?” The epigram cannot be gainsayed; but the necessity is
a thing that does not exist.
It was during one of my lonely journeyings, amid a far distant region of
mountain locked within mountain, and sad rivers and melancholy tarn writhing
or sleeping within all -- that I chanced upon a certain rivulet and island. I came
upon them suddenly in the leafy June, and threw myself upon the turf, beneath
the branches of an unknown odorous shrub, that I might doze as I contemplated
the scene. I felt that thus only should I look upon it -- such was the character of
phantasm which it wore.
On all sides -- save to the west, where the sun was about sinking -- arose the
verdant walls of the forest. The little river which turned sharply in its course, and
was thus immediately lost to sight, seemed to have no exit from its prison, but to
be absorbed by the deep green foliage of the trees to the east -- while in the
opposite quarter (so it appeared to me as I lay at length and glanced upward)
there poured down noiselessly and continuously into the valley, a rich golden
and crimson waterfall from the sunset fountains of the sky.

Korean
belle: 미인, 예쁜소녀, 가장 아름다운 경구적 표현.
소녀, 가장 아름다운 여성, 여자 이름. erring: 잘못되어 있는, 죄를 범하고
dire: 극도의, 긴급한, 무서운, 무서은, 있는.
긴박한. flippant: 주제넘은, 경박한.
doze: 졸기, 졸다, 선잠, leafy: 잎이 많은, 잎으로 된, 넓은
졸며시간을보내다, 졸며시간을 잎의.
보내다, 졸면서 지내다, 졸면서 시간 madly: 미쳐서, 극단으로, 몹시,
보내다, 불도저로 파다, 불도저로 미친듯이.
땅을 파다, 불도저로 땅을 나르다, noiselessly: 소리나지 않도록, 조용히,
불도저로 땅을 고르다. 조용하게.
epigram: 경구, 풍자시, 경구적표현, odorous: 향기로운, 향기가 있는.
rivulet: 개울, 시내, 작은 시내.
self-esteem: 자존, 자 부심, 자존심.
shrub: 관목.
strayed: 길을 잃는.
tinge: 티, 물들이다, 가미하다, 기미,
엷은 색, 조금바꾸다, 엷게 착색하다,
기, 에 기미를 띠게 하다, 엷은 색조.
verdant: 미숙한, 청청한, 푸른 잎이
무성한, 젊은, 초록의.
waterfall: 폭포, 폭포수, 늘어진 것,
밀려오는 것.
144 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

About midway in the short vista which my dreamy vision took in, one small
circular island, profusely verdured, reposed upon the bosom of the stream.%

So blended bank and shadow there

That each seemed pendulous in air—

so mirror-like was the glassy water, that it was scarcely possible to say at what
point upon the slope of the emerald turf its crystal dominion began.
My position enabled me to include in a single view both the eastern and
western extremities of the islet; and I observed a singularly-marked difference in
their aspects. The latter was all one radiant harem of garden beauties. It glowed
and blushed beneath the eyes of the slant sunlight, and fairly laughed with
flowers. The grass was short, springy, sweet-scented, and Asphodel-
interspersed. The trees were lithe, mirthful, erect -- bright, slender, and graceful,
-- of eastern figure and foliage, with bark smooth, glossy, and parti-colored.
There seemed a deep sense of life and joy about all; and although no airs blew
from out the heavens, yet every thing had motion through the gentle sweepings
to and fro of innumerable butterflies, that might have been mistaken for tulips
with wings.
The other or eastern end of the isle was whelmed in the blackest shade. A
sombre, yet beautiful and peaceful gloom here pervaded all things. The trees
were dark in color, and mournful in form and attitude, wreathing themselves
into sad, solemn, and spectral shapes that conveyed ideas of mortal sorrow and
untimely death. The grass wore the deep tint of the cypress, and the heads of its
blades hung droopingly, and hither and thither among it were many small
unsightly hillocks, low and narrow, and not very long, that had the aspect of
graves, but were not; although over and all about them the rue and the rosemary
clambered. The shade of the trees fell heavily upon the water, and seemed to
bury itself therein, impregnating the depths of the element with darkness. I
fancied that each shadow, as the sun descended lower and lower, separated itself
sullenly from the trunk that gave it birth, and thus became absorbed by the

Korean
blended: 혼합된, 블렌드된, 혼방의. lithe: 나긋나긋한, 유연한. sweepings: 쓸어 모은 것.
cypress: 사이프러스, 사이프러스의 mirthful: 명랑한, 즐거운, 유쾌한. tint: 에 색을 칠하다, 엷게 물들이다,
가지, 그 재목, 삼나무의일종. pendulous: 매달린, 흔들리는, 늘어진. 기, 엷은빛깔, 선음영, 색채, 색조,
dreamy: 공상적인, 어렴풋한, profusely: 풍부하게, 마구, 넘치도록, 백색바림, 색의 농담, 엷은 빛깔,
꿈결같은, 꿈꾸는 듯한, 꿈 많은, 통이 크게. 색채의 배합.
꿈같은. slant: 경향, 기울다, 물매, 편견으로 unsightly: 보기 거북한, 꼴사나운,
droopingly: 힘없이, 맥이 빠져. 말하다, 견지, 경사, 곁눈, 관점, 보기 흉한.
harem: 후궁, 도장방, 하렘의 아내와 기울게 하다, 비스듬한, 빈정댐. untimely: 때 아닌, 철 아닌, 때아닌
첩들, 하렘. springy: 경쾌한, 용수철 같은, 탄력 때에, 계제가 나쁘게, 계제가 나쁜,
islet: 작은섬, 작은 섬, 작은 섬과 있는, 샘이 많은, 습한, 탄력이 있는, 때에 맞지 않게, 시기 상조의, 계제
비슷한 것. 샘물이 많은, 탄성이 있는. 나쁜.
 Edgar Allan Poe 145

stream; while other shadows issued momently from the trees, taking the place of
their predecessors thus entombed.%
This idea, having once seized upon my fancy, greatly excited it, and I lost
myself forthwith in revery. “If ever island were enchanted,” said I to myself,
“this is it. This is the haunt of the few gentle Fays who remain from the wreck of
the race. Are these green tombs theirs? -- or do they yield up their sweet lives as
mankind yield up their own? In dying, do they not rather waste away
mournfully, rendering unto God, little by little, their existence, as these trees
render up shadow after shadow, exhausting their substance unto dissolution?
What the wasting tree is to the water that imbibes its shade, growing thus
blacker by what it preys upon, may not the life of the Fay be to the death which
engulfs it?”
As I thus mused, with half-shut eyes, while the sun sank rapidly to rest, and
eddying currents careered round and round the island, bearing upon their
bosom large, dazzling, white flakes of the bark of the sycamore-flakes which, in
their multiform positions upon the water, a quick imagination might have
converted into any thing it pleased, while I thus mused, it appeared to me that
the form of one of those very Fays about whom I had been pondering made its
way slowly into the darkness from out the light at the western end of the island.
She stood erect in a singularly fragile canoe, and urged it with the mere phantom
of an oar. While within the influence of the lingering sunbeams, her attitude
seemed indicative of joy -- but sorrow deformed it as she passed within the
shade. Slowly she glided along, and at length rounded the islet and re-entered
the region of light. “The revolution which has just been made by the Fay,”
continued I, musingly, “is the cycle of the brief year of her life. She has floated
through her winter and through her summer. She is a year nearer unto Death; for
I did not fail to see that, as she came into the shade, her shadow fell from her,
and was swallowed up in the dark water, making its blackness more black.”
And again the boat appeared and the Fay, but about the attitude of the latter
there was more of care and uncertainty and less of elastic joy. She floated again
from out the light and into the gloom (which deepened momently) and again her

Korean
bark: 짖다, 기나피, 기침 소리, 기침을 exhausting: 소모적인. 여러 가지 모양의.
하다, 포성, 총성, 나무 껍질로 덮다, haunt: 소굴, 출몰하다, 나오다, musingly: 생각에 잠겨.
나무껍질, 소리지르다, 배, 피부- 자주가다, 마음에 붙어 다니다, oar: 노, 노젓다, 노젓는 사람, 젓다,
껍질을 벗기다. 자주가는 장소, 에 자주 가다, 노와 같은 구실을 하는 것, 노젓는 배,
blacker: 검게 하는 사람, 비방하는 나타나다, 끊임없이 출입하는 장소, 노를 쓰다, 노를 젓다, 배를 노로
사람. 자주 나타나다. 젓다.
canoe: 카누, 카누를 젓다, 카누로 indicative: 직설법의, 표시하는, phantom: 환상, 유령, 환영, 꼭두,
가다, 마상이, 카누를 젖다, 통나무 지시하는, 암시하는, 직설법. 유령같은, 가공의, 독깨비, 도깨비,
배. mournfully: 슬퍼 보이게, 슬픔에 모형, 외관뿐인 것, 외관뿐인 사람.
dazzling: 눈부신. 잠겨, 절망적인, 천한, 치사한. wasting: 소모성의, 황폐하게 하는,
deformed: 흉한, 불구의, 일그러진. multiform: 다양한, 여러 모양을 한, 낭비.
146 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

shadow fell from her into the ebony water, and became absorbed into its
blackness. And again and again she made the circuit of the island, (while the sun
rushed down to his slumbers), and at each issuing into the light there was more
sorrow about her person, while it grew feebler and far fainter and more
indistinct, and at each passage into the gloom there fell from her a darker shade,
which became whelmed in a shadow more black. But at length when the sun had
utterly departed, the Fay, now the mere ghost of her former self, went
disconsolately with her boat into the region of the ebony flood, and that she
issued thence at all I cannot say, for darkness fell over an things and I beheld her
magical figure no more.%

circuit: 순회, 주위, 우회, 범위, 정기적
순회, 회로, 서킷, 다이아몬드, 체인,
회선, 흥행 계통.
darkness: 어둠, 암흑, 무지, 설명,
애매, 불명료, 맹목, 흑심.
departed: 죽은, 과거의, 고인, 지나간,
죽은사람.
disconsolately: 쓸쓸하게, 허전하게.
flood: 홍수, 범람, 범람하다,
관개하다, 만조, 밀어닥치다, 넘쳐
흐르다, 쇄도, 호수, 대해, 강.
Korean
ghost: 유령, 환영, 망령, 영적인, 진수, 귀사, 자아, 귀점, 자신, 나.
유령의, 환상, 근소한 가능성, 혼, 을 shade: 그늘, 망령, 땅거미, 차양, 색조,
따라 다니다, -을 따라 다니다, 저승, 그늘지게하다, 색의 뉘앙스,
대작하다. 바림하다, 으로부터 빛을 막다, 어둠.
gloom: 어둠, 어두워지다, 암흑, 음울, shadow: 그림자, 어둠, 어둡게 하다,
음울한 표정, 우울, 암영, 어두운 비호, 영상, 환영, 미행자, 그늘,
얼굴을 하다, 침울, 어둑어둑해지다, 보호다다, 덮다, 그림자를 만들다.
어둡게 하다. utterly: 아주, 완전히, 완전한, 전혀,
magical: 마술적인, 신기한, 마법 같은, 순전히.
마법의.
self: 자기, 본인, 사욕, 이기심, 단일의,
 Edgar Allan Poe 147

THE ASSIGNATION

Stay for me there! I will not fail.%

To meet thee in that hollow vale.
[Exequy on the death of his wife, by Henry King, Bishop of Chichester.]

Ill-fated and mysterious man! -- bewildered in the brilliancy of thine own

imagination, and fallen in the flames of thine own youth! Again in fancy I behold
thee! Once more thy form hath risen before me! -- not -- oh not as thou art -- in
the cold valley and shadow -- but as thou shouldst be -- squandering away a life
of magnificent meditation in that city of dim visions, thine own Venice -- which
is a star-beloved Elysium of the sea, and the wide windows of whose Palladian
palaces look down with a deep and bitter meaning upon the secrets of her silent
waters. Yes! I repeat it -- as thou shouldst be. There are surely other worlds than
this -- other thoughts than the thoughts of the multitude -- other speculations
than the speculations of the sophist. Who then shall call thy conduct into
question? who blame thee for thy visionary hours, or denounce those
occupations as a wasting away of life, which were but the overflowings of thine
everlasting energies?
It was at Venice, beneath the covered archway there called the Ponte di
Sospiri, that I met for the third or fourth time the person of whom I speak. It is
with a confused recollection that I bring to mind the circumstances of that
Korean
brilliancy: 광휘, 명민, 훌륭함, 명도, 우묵 들어가다, 힘없는, 우묵 들어간, thee: 너를, 너에게.
광택, 재기 발랄. 공복의. thine: 너의 것.
confused: 혼란스러운, 당황한, multitude: 다수, 군중. thou: 너는, 네가, 달러, 당신은, 천개,
혼란한, 어리둥절한, 지리멸렬한, mysterious: 불가사의한, 이상한, 파운드.
낭패한. 신비한, 신비적인. thy: 그대의.
denounce: 고발하다, 공공연히 recollection: 회상, 기억, 추억, 회고록, vale: 골짜기, 이별, 안녕히, 작별인사.
비난하다, 선언하다, 비난하다, 상기, 회고, 옛날을 생각케 하는 것, visionary: 공상가, 공상적인, 환영을
종결을 통고하다. 마음의 평정, 기억력. 보는 사람, 환영의, 비현실적인,
di: 디, 확산 지수. risen: 일어난, 부활한, 오른. 환상에 잠기는, 환영으로 나타나는,
hollow: 구멍, 우묵한 곳, 공허한, sophist: 궤변론자, 궤변가. 예언력이 있는, 환영같은, 가공적인.
골짜기, 거짓의, 도려내다, 속이 텅빈, squandering: 낭비하는. windows: 윈도우.
148 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

meeting. Yet I remember -- ah! how should I forget? -- the deep midnight, the
Bridge of Sighs, the beauty of woman, and the Genius of Romance that stalked
up and down the narrow canal.%
It was a night of unusual gloom. The great clock of the Piazza had sounded
the fifth hour of the Italian evening. The square of the Campanile lay silent and
deserted, and the lights in the old Ducal Palace were dying fast away. I was
returning home from the Piazetta, by way of the Grand Canal. But as my
gondola arrived opposite the mouth of the canal San Marco, a female voice from
its recesses broke suddenly upon the night, in one wild, hysterical, and long
continued shriek. Startled at the sound, I sprang upon my feet: while the
gondolier, letting slip his single oar, lost it in the pitchy darkness beyond a
chance of recovery, and we were consequently left to the guidance of the current
which here sets from the greater into the smaller channel. Like some huge and
sable-feathered condor, we were slowly drifting down towards the Bridge of
Sighs, when a thousand flambeaux flashing from the windows, and down the
staircases of the Ducal Palace, turned all at once that deep gloom into a livid and
preternatural day.
A child, slipping from the arms of its own mother, had fallen from an upper
window of the lofty structure into the deep and dim canal. The quiet waters had
closed placidly over their victim; and, although my own gondola was the only
one in sight, many a stout swimmer, already in the stream, was seeking in vain
upon the surface, the treasure which was to be found, alas! only within the
abyss. Upon the broad black marble flagstones at the entrance of the palace, and
a few steps above the water, stood a figure which none who then saw can have
ever since forgotten. It was the Marchesa Aphrodite -- the adoration of all Venice
-- the gayest of the gay -- the most lovely where all were beautiful -- but still the
young wife of the old and intriguing Mentoni, and the mother of that fair child,
her first and only one, who now, deep beneath the murky water, was thinking in
bitterness of heart upon her sweet caresses, and exhausting its little life in
struggles to call upon her name.

Korean
adoration: 동경, 숭배, 애모, 경모, intriguing: 흥미를 자아내는, 음모를 pitchy: 피치 같은, 새까만,
숭비. 꾸미는, 호기심을 자극하는, 호기심을 진득진득한, 피치가 많은, 피치 많은.
condor: 콘도르. 돋우는, 흥미를 돋우는. placidly: 고요하게, 침착하게,
deserted: 버림받은, 사람이 살지 않는, marble: 대리석, 공기돌, 조각, 대리석 평온하게.
활페한, 황폐한. 무늬를 넣다, 대리석제, 책 가장자리 preternatural: 초자연적인, 이상한.
gondola: 곤돌라, 너벅선, 조롱, 조선, 따위를 대리석 무늬로 하다, 종이 swimmer: 헤엄치는 사람, 수영자,
차량이 낮은 무개 대형 화차. 따위를 대리석 무늬로 하다, 아이들의 헤엄치는사람, 헤엄치는동물.
gondolier: 곤돌라의 사공, 곤돌라의 공기돌, 비누 따위를 대리석 무늬로 treasure: 보물, 보배, 비장하다,
뱃사공. 하다, 대리석 무늬로 하다, 대리석의 명기하다, 재보, 재산을 던지다,
hysterical: 히스테리의, 병적으로 조각물. 진중히 여기다, 귀여운 너, 금전,
흥분한. murky: 어두운, 음울한. 명심하다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 149

She%stood alone. Her small, bare, and silvery feet gleamed in the black
mirror of marble beneath her. Her hair, not as yet more than half loosened for
the night from its ball-room array, clustered, amid a shower of diamonds, round
and round her classical head, in curls like those of the young hyacinth. A
snowy-white and gauze-like drapery seemed to be nearly the sole covering to her
delicate form; but the mid-summer and midnight air was hot, sullen, and still,
and no motion in the statue-like form itself, stirred even the folds of that raiment
of very vapor which hung around it as the heavy marble hangs around the
Niobe. Yet -- strange to say! -- her large lustrous eyes were not turned
downwards upon that grave wherein her brightest hope lay buried -- but riveted
in a widely different direction! The prison of the Old Republic is, I think, the
stateliest building in all Venice -- but how could that lady gaze so fixedly upon it,
when beneath her lay stifling her only child? Yon dark, gloomy niche, too,
yawns right opposite her chamber window -- what, then, could there be in its
shadows -- in its architecture -- in its ivy-wreathed and solemn cornices -- that
the Marchesa di Mentoni had not wondered at a thousand times before?
Nonsense! -- Who does not remember that, at such a time as this, the eye, like a
shattered mirror, multiplies the images of its sorrow, and sees in innumerable
far-off places, the wo which is close at hand?
Many steps above the Marchesa, and within the arch of the water-gate, stood,
in full dress, the Satyr-like figure of Mentoni himself. He was occasionally
occupied in thrumming a guitar, and seemed ennuye to the very death, as at
intervals he gave directions for the recovery of his child. Stupified and aghast, I
had myself no power to move from the upright position I had assumed upon
first hearing the shriek, and must have presented to the eyes of the agitated
group a spectral and ominous appearance, as with pale countenance and rigid
limbs, I floated down among them in that funereal gondola.
All efforts proved in vain. Many of the most energetic in the search were
relaxing their exertions, and yielding to a gloomy sorrow. There seemed but little
hope for the child; (how much less than for the mother! ) but now, from the
interior of that dark niche which has been already mentioned as forming a part

Korean
arch: 아치, 홍예를 틀다, 홍예, 호, forming: 형성, 편성, 연합군 부대. silvery: 은빛의, 은과 같은, 은을
아치문, 익살스런, 활모양으로 funereal: 장례식의, 장례식다운, 슬픈, 함유한, 은 같은, 은의, 은방울을
굽히다, 주된, 장난스런, 궁형- 장송의. 굴리는 듯한.
활모양으로 굽히다, 교활한. gloomy: 어두운, 우울한, 음울한. stifling: 답답한, 숨막힐 듯한,
array: 배열시키다, 치장, 차리다, hyacinth: 보라색, 풍신자석, 히아신스. 딱딱하고 거북한, 거북살스러운,
정렬시키다, 의장, 벌여세움, 군세, lustrous: 광택있는. 숨막힐듯한.
성장시키다, 정렬, 배열, 소집하다. ominous: 불길한, 전조의, 험악한. sullen: 음산한, 찌무룩한, 지르퉁한,
downwards: 쇠미한, 쇠잔하여, raiment: 의류, 의복. 찌푸린 얼굴, 육중한, 실쭉한.
아래쪽으로. relaxing: 나른한, 맥빠지게 하는, 몸을 upright: 올바른, 똑바로, 골포스트,
energetic: 정력적인, 원기왕성한. 나른하게 하는, 날씨가 몸을 나른하게 곧게선, 곧은, 곧추 서서, 수직,
far-off: 아득히 먼. 하는. 정직한, 직립, 곧은 물건, 똑바로 선.
150 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

of the Old Republican prison, and as fronting the lattice of the Marchesa, a figure
muffled in a cloak, stepped out within reach of the light, and, pausing a moment
upon the verge of the giddy descent, plunged headlong into the canal. As, in an
instant afterwards, he stood with the still living and breathing child within his
grasp, upon the marble flagstones by the side of the Marchesa, his cloak, heavy
with the drenching water, became unfastened, and, falling in folds about his feet,
discovered to the wonder-stricken spectators the graceful person of a very young
man, with the sound of whose name the greater part of Europe was then
ringing.%
No word spoke the deliverer. But the Marchesa! She will now receive her
child -- she will press it to her heart -- she will cling to its little form, and
smother it with her caresses. Alas! another’s arms have taken it from the stranger
-- another’s arms have taken it away, and borne it afar off, unnoticed, into the
palace! And the Marchesa! Her lip -- her beautiful lip trembles: tears are
gathering in her eyes -- those eyes which, like Pliny’s acanthus, are “soft and
almost liquid.” Yes! tears are gathering in those eyes -- and see! the entire
woman thrills throughout the soul, and the statue has started into life! The
pallor of the marble countenance, the swelling of the marble bosom, the very
purity of the marble feet, we behold suddenly flushed over with a tide of
ungovernable crimson; and a slight shudder quivers about her delicate frame, as
a gentle air at Napoli about the rich silver lilies in the grass.
Why should that lady blush! To this demand there is no answer -- except that,
having left, in the eager haste and terror of a mother’s heart, the privacy of her
own boudoir, she has neglected to enthral her tiny feet in their slippers, and
utterly forgotten to throw over her Venetian shoulders that drapery which is
their due. What other possible reason could there have been for her so blushing?
-- for the glance of those wild appealing eyes? for the unusual tumult of that
throbbing bosom? -- for the convulsive pressure of that trembling hand? -- that
hand which fell, as Mentoni turned into the palace, accidentally, upon the hand
of the stranger. What reason could there have been for the low -- the singularly
low tone of those unmeaning words which the lady uttered hurriedly in bidding

Korean
acanthus: 아칸서스, 아칸서스 잎 인도인, 석방자. 자욱한 연기, 야단법석, 쉬쉬하다,
장식. drenching: 흠뻑 젖음, 억수로 퍼붓다, 묻다, 대혼란, 눌러 참다,
blushing: 얼굴이 빨개진, 조심성 쏟아지는. 끄다, 질식 시키다.
있는, 얼굴을 붉힘, 부끄럼을 잘 타는, enthral: 노예로만들다, 매혹하다, swelling: 팽창, 기복, 종기, 부푼, 증대
부끄러워함. 노예로 만들다, 의 마음을 사로잡다, 융기한, 증대, 융기한, 팽윤.
cling: 달라붙다, 집착하다, 배어들다, 노예 상태로 만들다. throbbing: 두근거리는.
착 달라 붙다, 접근을 유지하다, graceful: 우미한, 우아한. unmeaning: 무의미한, 표정없는,
애착을 가지고 떨어지지 않다, 따라서 lattice: 격자, 격자형 배열, 에 격자를 멍청한, 뜻없는.
나아가다, 들러붙다, 달라붙어 안 붙이다, 격자 만들기, 창살, 격자 unnoticed: 눈에 띄지 않는,
떨어지다, 고수하다, 달라 붙다. 세공. 돌보아지지 않는, 주의를 끌지않는,
deliverer: 교부자, 구조자, 배달인, smother: 묵살하다, 찜으로 하다, 주목되지 않는, 주의되지 않는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 151

him adieu? “Thou hast conquered,” she said, or the murmurs of the water
deceived me; “thou hast conquered -- one hour after sunrise -- we shall meet -- so
let it be!”

* * * * * * *

The tumult had subsided, the lights had died away within the palace, and the
stranger, whom I now recognized, stood alone upon the flags. He shook with
inconceivable agitation, and his eye glanced around in search of a gondola. I
could not do less than offer him the service of my own; and he accepted the
civility. Having obtained an oar at the water-gate, we proceeded together to his
residence, while he rapidly recovered his self-possession, and spoke of our
former slight acquaintance in terms of great apparent cordiality.%
There are some subjects upon which I take pleasure in being minute. The
person of the stranger -- let me call him by this title, who to all the world was still
a stranger -- the person of the stranger is one of these subjects. In height he
might have been below rather than above the medium size: although there were
moments of intense passion when his frame actually expanded and belied the
assertion. The light, almost slender symmetry of his figure, promised more of
that ready activity which he evinced at the Bridge of Sighs, than of that
Herculean strength which he has been known to wield without an effort, upon
occasions of more dangerous emergency. With the mouth and chin of a deity --
singular, wild, full, liquid eyes, whose shadows varied from pure hazel to
intense and brilliant jet -- and a profusion of curling, black hair, from which a
forehead of unusual breadth gleamed forth at intervals all light and ivory -- his
were features than which I have seen none more classically regular, except,
perhaps, the marble ones of the Emperor Commodus. Yet his countenance was,
nevertheless, one of those which all men have seen at some period of their lives,
and have never afterwards seen again. It had no peculiar -- it had no settled
predominant expression to be fastened upon the memory; a countenance seen
Korean
adieu: 이별, 안녕, 작별 인사. hast: 단수. 괴상함, 특별한, 사유 재산, 고유한,
assertion: 단언, 독단, 주장, 나타나다. hazel: 담갈색, 개암, 개암나무, 엷은 특수 지역, 특수 교구, 다른 관구의
civility: 정중한 태도, 정중, 정중함, 갈색의, 엷은 갈색, 개암나무의. 감독 지배하의 특수 지역.
예의바름, 공손, 예의바른말, ivory: 상아, 상아색, 상아로 만든것이, predominant: 현저한, 뛰어난, 우세한.
예의바른 태도, 예의바른 말, 정중한 상아로된상아 같은, 상아로 만든, recognized: 인정하는.
말. 기다란 앞니, 치아, 주사위, 상아제품, slender: 가느다란, 마른, 얼마 안
classically: 고전적으로, 의고적의로, 피아노의 건, 상아유사품. 되는, 빈약한, 미덥지 못한, 미덥지
의고적으로. jet: 제트기, 분출구, 혹옥, 제트엔진, 않은, 협음의, 모자라는, 호리호리한.
conquered: 패자, 피정복자. 사출, 분출, 분사, 분사하다, symmetry: 조화, 균형, 좌우 대칭,
forehead: 이마, 전부, 앞부분, 부분, 앞 분출하다, 제트기의, 제트기에서의. 대칭.
부분. peculiar: 독특한, 묘한, 특유한, 특성, wield: 휘두르다, 지배하다.
152 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

and instantly forgotten -- but forgotten with a vague and never-ceasing desire of
recalling it to mind. Not that the spirit of each rapid passion failed, at any time,
to throw its own distinct image upon the mirror of that face -- but that the mirror,
mirror-like, retained no vestige of the passion, when the passion had departed.%
Upon leaving him on the night of our adventure, he solicited me, in what I
thought an urgent manner, to call upon him very early the next morning. Shortly
after sunrise, I found myself accordingly at his Palazzo, one of those huge
structures of gloomy, yet fantastic pomp, which tower above the waters of the
Grand Canal in the vicinity of the Rialto. I was shown up a broad winding
staircase of mosaics, into an apartment whose unparalleled splendor burst
through the opening door with an actual glare, making me blind and dizzy with
luxuriousness.
I knew my acquaintance to be wealthy. Report had spoken of his
possessions in terms which I had even ventured to call terms of ridiculous
exaggeration. But as I gazed about me, I could not bring myself to believe that
the wealth of any subject in Europe could have supplied the princely
magnificence which burned and blazed around.
Although, as I say, the sun had arisen, yet the room was still brilliantly
lighted up. I judge from this circumstance, as well as from an air of exhaustion
in the countenance of my friend, that he had not retired to bed during the whole
of the preceding night. In the architecture and embellishments of the chamber,
the evident design had been to dazzle and astound. Little attention had been
paid to the decora of what is technically called keeping, or to the proprieties of
nationality. The eye wandered from object to object, and rested upon none --
neither the grotesques of the Greek painters, nor the sculptures of the best Italian
days, nor the huge carvings of untutored Egypt. Rich draperies in every part of
the room trembled to the vibration of low, melancholy music, whose origin was
not to be discovered. The senses were oppressed by mingled and conflicting
perfumes, reeking up from strange convolute censers, together with
multitudinous flaring and flickering tongues of emerald and violet fire. The
rays of the newly risen sun poured in upon the whole, through windows, formed

Korean
astound: 놀라게하다, 몹시 놀라게 빛의, 에메랄드 활자체, 에메랄드의, 왕자답게, 관대한, 기품 놓은, 왕후
하다, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 놀라게 하다. 에메랄드제의. 다운, 왕후의.
convolute: 회선상의, 포선형의, flaring: 나팔꽃 모양의, 현란한, unparalleled: 전대 미문의, 견줄데
포선체, 말다, 뒤얽히다, 둘둘 말다, 벌어진, 타오르는, 저속하고 없는, 견줄 나위 없는.
감다, 둘둘말린, 둘둘 말린. 번지르르한, 너울너울 타는, 활활 untutored: 소박한, 교육 받지않은,
dazzle: 현혹하다, 눈이 부시다, 타는. 교사에게 배우지 않은, 무무한, 교육
눈부시게 하다, 현혹시키다, mingled: 섞는, 뒤섞이는. 받지 않은, 교육에 의하지 않고
압도하다, 감탄케 하다, 부시다, 현혹. pomp: 허식, 장관, 화려, 화려함. 자연히 갖추어진.
emerald: 선녹색의, 에메랄드, 녹옥, possessions: 재산. vestige: 흔적, 발자취, 퇴화 기관, 극히
녹음 에메랄드, 녹음 에메랄드- princely: 왕자에 어울리는, 기품 높은, 조금, 발자국, 아주 조금, 자취, 흔적
선녹색의, 에메랄드 빛, 에메랄드 장려한, 왕자의, 왕자같은, 왕자 같은, 기관.
 Edgar Allan Poe 153

each of a single pane of crimson-tinted glass. Glancing to and fro, in a thousand

reflections, from curtains which rolled from their cornices like cataracts of molten
silver, the beams of natural glory mingled at length fitfully with the artificial
light, and lay weltering in subdued masses upon a carpet of rich, liquid-looking
cloth of Chili gold.%
“Ha! ha! ha! -- ha! ha! ha! “ -- laughed the proprietor, motioning me to a
seat as I entered the room, and throwing himself back at full-length upon an
ottoman. “I see,” said he, perceiving that I could not immediately reconcile
myself to the bienseance of so singular a welcome -- “I see you are astonished at
my apartment -- at my statues -- my pictures -- my originality of conception in
architecture and upholstery! absolutely drunk, eh, with my magnificence? But
pardon me, my dear sir, (here his tone of voice dropped to the very spirit of
cordiality,) pardon me for my uncharitable laughter. You appeared so utterly
astonished. Besides, some things are so completely ludicrous, that a man must
laugh or die. To die laughing, must be the most glorious of all glorious deaths!
Sir Thomas More -- a very fine man was Sir Thomas More -- Sir Thomas More
died laughing, you remember. Also in the Absurdities of Ravisius Textor, there is
a long list of characters who came to the same magnificent end. Do you know,
however,” continued he musingly, “that at Sparta (which is now Palæ; ochori,) at
Sparta, I say, to the west of the citadel, among a chaos of scarcely visible ruins, is
a kind of socle, upon which are still legible the letters Λ Α Σ Μ. They are
undoubtedly part of Τ Λ Σ Λ. Now, at Sparta were a thousand temples and
shrines to a thousand different divinities. How exceedingly strange that the altar
of Laughter should have survived all the others! But in the present instance,” he
resumed, with a singular alteration of voice and manner, “I have no right to be
merry at your expense. You might well have been amazed. Europe cannot
produce anything so fine as this, my little regal cabinet. My other apartments are
by no means of the same order -- mere ultras of fashionable insipidity. This is
better than fashion -- is it not? Yet this has but to be seen to become the rage --
that is, with those who could afford it at the cost of their entire patrimony. I have
guarded, however, against any such profanation. With one exception, you are
the only human being besides myself and my valet, who has been admitted
Korean
citadel: 성, 포대, 최후의 거점, 피난처, ludicrous: 바보같은, 익살맞은, 국왕다운, 왕 같은, 제왕다운.
도시를 지키는 요새, 요새, 거점. 우스운, 시시한, 쑥스러운. socle: 받침돌, 주춧돌, 굄목.
full-length: 등신대로. originality: 기인, 진품, 창의, 신기, subdued: 억제된, 가라앉은, 차분한,
guarded: 조심성 있는, 신중한, 독창성, 원물임, 독창력, 기발. 조용한, 완화된, 약해진, 낮춘,
감시되어 있는, 방어되어 있는. ottoman: 터키 사람, 터키의, 쿠션 낮아진, 정복된.
insipidity: 김빠진, 맛없는, 재미없는, 달린 긴의자, 일종의 견직물, 오토만, uncharitable: 무자비한, 가차없는,
평범, 맛없음, 무미건조, 평범한말, 터키 제국의. 엄한.
무미. pane: 창유리, 구역, 에 창유리를 upholstery: 가구업, 가구류, 실내
legible: 읽기쉬운, 읽을 수 있는, 끼우다, 창, 창유리의 한 장. 장식업, 실내 장식업 가구류, 실내
명백한, 읽기 쉬운, 인쇄가 읽기 쉬운, profanation: 모독, 신성을 더럽히기. 장식품, 실내장식 재료, 실내장식업,
필적 읽기 쉬운. regal: 당당한, 제왕의, 국왕의, 레갈, 실내장식품, 실내 장식 재료.
154 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

within the mysteries of these imperial precincts, since they have been bedizzened
as you see!”
I bowed in acknowledgment -- for the overpowering sense of splendor and
perfume, and music, together with the unexpected eccentricity of his address
and manner, prevented me from expressing, in words, my appreciation of what I
might have construed into a compliment.%
“Here,” he resumed, arising and leaning on my arm as he sauntered around
the apartment, “here are paintings from the Greeks to Cimabue, and from
Cimabue to the present hour. Many are chosen, as you see, with little deference
to the opinions of Virtu. They are all, however, fitting tapestry for a chamber
such as this. Here, too, are some chefs d’œuvre of the unknown great; and here,
unfinished designs by men, celebrated in their day, whose very names the
perspicacity of the academies has left to silence and to me. What think you,”
said he, turning abruptly as he spoke -- “what think you of this Madonna della
Pieta?”
“It is Guido’s own! “ I said, with all the enthusiasm of my nature, for I had
been poring intently over its surpassing loveliness. “It is Guido’s own! -- how
could you have obtained it? -- she is undoubtedly in painting what the Venus is
in sculpture.”
“Ha! “ said he thoughtfully, “the Venus -- the beautiful Venus? -- the Venus
of the Medici? -- she of the diminutive head and the gilded hair? Part of the left
arm (here his voice dropped so as to be heard with difficulty,) and all the right,
are restorations; and in the coquetry of that right arm lies, I think, the
quintessence of all affectation. Give me the Canova! The Apollo, too, is a copy -
- there can be no doubt of it -- blind fool that I am, who cannot behold the
boasted inspiration of the Apollo! I cannot help -- pity me! -- I cannot help
preferring the Antinous. Was it not Socrates who said that the statuary found his
statue in the block of marble? Then Michael Angelo was by no means original in
his couplet -

‘Non ha l’ottimo artista alcun concetto

acknowledgment: 감사, 사례,
수취증명, 승인, 용인, 인사, 감사의
표시.
affectation: 체함, 짐짓 꾸밈, 태.
coquetry: 교태, 아양, 아양 부림, 요염,
요염한 행위.
couplet: 대구, 이행 연구.
deference: 복종, 경의.
eccentricity: 별남, 괴벽, 이심률, 기행,
남다름.
fitting: 입혀보기, 비품, 부속품, 가구,
Korean
설치, 적합, 적당한, 어울리는, 건구,
형, 입어보기.
gilded: 금도금한, 화려한.
overpowering: 압도적인, 저항할 수
없는.
perfume: 향수, 향료, 방향, 향수를
뿌리다, 방향을 내다, 에 향수를
뿌리다.
perspicacity: 통찰력, 총명.
quintessence: 전형, 정수, 진수, 가장
순수한 본질, 물질의 가장 순수한
본질.
statuary: 조상, 조상가, 조상술,
조소술, 조소의, 조각가.
statue: 조상, 상, 초상.
tapestry: 무늬 놓은 두꺼운 천,
태피스트리, 태피스트리로 장식하다.
thoughtfully: 생각에 잠겨, 친절히,
생각이 깊게.
unfinished: 미완성의, 완전히 마무리
되지 않은, 미완성인, 비육 불충분한,
마무리가 덜 된, 다듬지 않은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 155

Che un marmo solo in se non circunscriva.” ‘

It has been, or should be remarked, that, in the manner of the true gentleman,
we are always aware of a difference from the bearing of the vulgar, without
being at once precisely able to determine in what such difference consists.
Allowing the remark to have applied in its full force to the outward demeanor of
my acquaintance, I felt it, on that eventful morning, still more fully applicable to
his moral temperament and character. Nor can I better define that peculiarity of
spirit which seemed to place him so essentially apart from all other human
beings, than by calling it a habit of intense and continual thought, pervading even
his most trivial actions -- intruding upon his moments of dalliance -- and
interweaving itself with his very flashes of merriment -- like adders which writhe
from out the eyes of the grinning masks in the cornices around the temples of
Persepolis.%
I could not help, however, repeatedly observing, through the mingled tone of
levity and solemnity with which he rapidly descanted upon matters of little
importance, a certain air of trepidation -- a degree of nervous unction in action
and in speech -- an unquiet excitability of manner which appeared to me at all
times unaccountable, and upon some occasions even filled me with alarm.
Frequently, too, pausing in the middle of a sentence whose commencement he
had apparently forgotten, he seemed to be listening in the deepest attention, as if
either in momentary expectation of a visiter, or to sounds which must have had
existence in his imagination alone.
It was during one of these reveries or pauses of apparent abstraction, that, in
turning over a page of the poet and scholar Politian’s beautiful tragedy “The
Orfeo,” (the first native Italian tragedy,) which lay near me upon an ottoman, I
discovered a passage underlined in pencil. It was a passage towards the end of
the third act -- a passage of the most heart-stirring excitement -- a passage which,
although tainted with impurity, no man shall read without a thrill of novel
emotion -- no woman without a sigh. The whole page was blotted with fresh
tears; and, upon the opposite interleaf, were the following English lines, written

Korean
abstraction: 절취, 추출, 방심, 외설불순물, 혼합물. 몸떨림, 스릴러, 오싹하는 느낌, 몸에
추상파의 작품, 추상, 추상적 개념, interleaf: 책갈피에 삽입한 백지, 속지, 사무치다, 감동시키다, 스릴물, 떨림.
추상주의 도안, 추상주의 작품. 삽입지, 간지. unction: 감언, 기름약, 연고,
commencement: 개시, 대학 졸업식, levity: 경솔, 경솔한 짓, 부박. 겉으로만의 열심, 달래는 것, 도유,
학사 학위수여식, 학위수여식, observing: 관찰력이 예리한, 도유식, 종교적열정, 사람을
졸업식, 대학 일. 관측적인, 주의깆은. 감동시키는 태도 등, 사람을
dalliance: 희롱, 장난, 빈들거림, outward: 밖으로 향하는, 바깥쪽의, 감격시키는 어조, 기름부음.
시간의 낭비, 애정 유희. 육체의, 외부의, 밖으로, 바깥쪽에, vulgar: 상스러운, 일반의, 통속적인,
excitability: 흥분성, 격하기 쉬운 외부, 밖에, 현세적인. 일반 대중의, 서민의, 야비한한, 일반
성질. tainted: 더럽혀진, 썩은. 민중이 사용하는, 평민의, 저속한,
impurity: 불결, 음란, 불순물, 불순, thrill: 스릴, 전율, 떨리다, 오싹하다, 평민, 일반대중의.
156 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

in a hand so very different from the peculiar characters of my acquaintance, that

I had some difficulty in recognising it as his own: -

Thou wast that all to me, love,

For which my soul did pine --
A green isle in the sea, love,
A fountain and a shrine,
All wreathed with fairy fruits and flowers;
And all the flowers were mine.%

Ah, dream too bright to last!

Ah, starry Hope, that didst arise
But to be overcast!
A voice from out the Future cries,
“Onward! “ -- but o’er the Past
(Dim gulf!) my spirit hovering lies,
Mute -- motionless -- aghast!

For alas! alas! with me

The light of life is o’er.
“No more -- no more -- no more,”
(Such language holds the solemn sea
To the sands upon the shore,)
Shall bloom the thunder-blasted tree,
Or the stricken eagle soar!
Now all my hours are trances;
And all my nightly dreams
Are where the dark eye glances,
And where thy footstep gleams,
In what ethereal dances,
By what Italian streams.

Korean
bloom: 번영하다, 개화기, 꽃, 쇳덩이, fountain: 분수, 샘, 기름통, 원천, 잉크
건강한-피다, 과분, 개화, 앵두빛, 통, 분출하다, 쏘다 분수, 액체 저장
특정 시즌의 꽃, 특정 식물의 꽃, 특정 용기.
장소의 꽃. hovering: 공중 정지, 호버링.
ethereal: 천상의, 공기와같은, 상공의, isle: 섬, 작은섬, 섬에 살다.
에테르같은, 영기의, 영묘한, 가벼운, nightly: 밤마다, 밤의, 밤마다의, 밤에,
미묘한, 에테르의, 공기 같은. 밤에 나오는.
fairy: 요정의, 요정, 요정 같은, pine: 소나무, 수척해지다, 갈망하다,
동성애의 남자, 선녀, 호모, 아름다운, 그재목, 몹시 그리다, 애타게 그리다.
요정에 관한, 우미한, 동성 연애를 sands: 사주.
하는 남자. shrine: 묘, 신전, 성체 용기, 사당,
감실에 모시다, 감실, 성당, 성물함,
을 사당에 모시다, 성골함, 전당.
soar: 높이 날기, 높이 올라가다,
폭등하다, 부풀다, 치솟다, 일정한
높이를 활공하다, 활공의 고도,
활공의 범위, 솟구치다, 높이 치솟다,
날기.
starry: 별이 많은, 별처럼 빛나는,
별빛의, 별의, 별모양의, 별 모양의.
stricken: 맞은, 다친, 덮친, 습격당한.
wreathed: 고리로 만드는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 157

Alas! %for that accursed time

They bore thee o’er the billow,
From Love to titled age and crime,
And an unholy pillow! --
From me, and from our misty clime,
Where weeps the silver willow!

That these lines were written in English -- a language with which I had not
believed their author acquainted -- afforded me little matter for surprise. I was
too well aware of the extent of his acquirements, and of the singular pleasure he
took in concealing them from observation, to be astonished at any similar
discovery; but the place of date, I must confess, occasioned me no little
amazement. It had been originally written London, and afterwards carefully
overscored -- not, however, so effectually as to conceal the word from a
scrutinizing eye. I say, this occasioned me no little amazement; for I well
remember that, in a former conversation with a friend, I particularly inquired if
he had at any time met in London the Marchesa di Mentoni, (who for some years
previous to her marriage had resided in that city,) when his answer, if I mistake
not, gave me to understand that he had never visited the metropolis of Great
Britain. I might as well here mention, that I have more than once heard,
(without, of course, giving credit to a report involving so many improbabilities,)
that the person of whom I speak, was not only by birth, but in education, an
Englishman.

* * * * * * * * *

“There is one painting,” said he, without being aware of my notice of the
tragedy -- “there is still one painting which you have not seen.” And throwing
aside a drapery, he discovered a full-length portrait of the Marchesa Aphrodite.

Korean
acquirements: 습득한 것, 습득한 metropolis: 수도, 중심지, 주요도시, portrait: 초상, 인물 사진, 묘사,
기능, 습득한 학식, 기예. 대본산 소재지, 종속 중심지. 생생한 묘사, 구경거리, 초상화, 세로.
amazement: 놀람, 소스라침. mistake: 잘못 생각하다, 틀리다, 오해, titled: 직함이 있는, 위계를 지닌,
billow: 놀치다, 큰파도, 소용돌이치는 잘못, 오해하다, 그르치다, 착각하다. 작위가 있는, 칭호가 있는.
것, 크게 굽이치다, 부풀게 하다, 큰 observation: 관찰, 감시, 주목, tragedy: 비극, 참사, 비극적 사건,
물결, 부풀다. 관찰결과, 관측, 소견, 관찰력, 관측 비극 연출법, 비극 창작법, 비극적
bore: 구멍, 구멍을 뚫다, 보고, 발언. 성질, 비극적 요소.
싫증나게하다, 송곳구멍, 밀물, painting: 그림, 화법, 페인트 칠, unholy: 사악한, 신성치 않은, 무서운,
총구멍, 해일, 뚫다, 구멍을 내다, 수채화, 유화, 그림 물감, 그리기, 신성하지 않은, 신앙심 없는.
구멍이 나다, 따분한 것. 그림 그리기, 그림그리기, 회화, willow: 버드나무, 솜틀, 솜틀로 틀다,
clime: 지방, 풍토, 기후, 나라. 페인트 도장. 크리켓의 배트.
158 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

Human%art could have done no more in the delineation of her superhuman

beauty. The same ethereal figure which stood before me the preceding night
upon the steps of the Ducal Palace, stood before me once again. But in the
expression of the countenance, which was beaming all over with smiles, there
still lurked (incomprehensible anomaly!) that fitful stain of melancholy which
will ever be found inseparable from the perfection of the beautiful. Her right
arm lay folded over her bosom. With her left she pointed downward to a
curiously fashioned vase. One small, fairy foot, alone visible, barely touched the
earth; and, scarcely discernible in the brilliant atmosphere which seemed to
encircle and enshrine her loveliness, floated a pair of the most delicately
imagined wings. My glance fell from the painting to the figure of my friend, and
the vigorous words of Chapman’s Bussy D’Ambois, quivered instinctively upon
my lips:

“He is up
There like a Roman statue! He will stand
Till Death hath made him marble!”

“Come,” he said at length, turning towards a table of richly enamelled and

massive silver, upon which were a few goblets fantastically stained, together
with two large Etruscan vases, fashioned in the same extraordinary model as that
in the foreground of the portrait, and filled with what I supposed to be
Johannisberger. “Come,” he said, abruptly, “let us drink! It is early -- but let us
drink. It is indeed early,” he continued, musingly, as a cherub with a heavy
golden hammer made the apartment ring with the first hour after sunrise: “It is
indeed early -- but what matters it? let us drink! Let us pour out an offering to
yon solemn sun which these gaudy lamps and censers are so eager to subdue!”
And, having made me pledge him in a bumper, he swallowed in rapid
succession several goblets of the wine.
“To dream,” he continued, resuming the tone of his desultory conversation,
as he held up to the rich light of a censer one of the magnificent vases -- “to

Korean
beaming: 빛나는, 기쁨에 넘친, 귀여운 아이. fitful: 발작적인, 단속적인, 변덕이
명랑한, 밝은, 희색이 만면한, 밝은 delineation: 서술, 도형, 약도, 심한, 변하기 쉬운, 일정치 않은.
표정의, 화기가 도는. 윤곽묘사, 묘사. foreground: 전경, 가장 두드러진
bumper: 범퍼, 가득 채운 잔, 완충기, desultory: 산만한, 종작 없는, 일관성 지위, 가장두드러진지위, 다중
초만원의, 풍작의, 부딪는, 풍작, 삼판 없는. 프로그래밍, 다중 프로그래밍의,
승부에서 먼저 얻은 이승, 대성공. encircle: 일주하다, 둘러싸다, 둘러 전경의, 최전면, 최전면의.
censer: 향로, 향료, 흔들 향로. 싸다, 에워 싸다. inseparable: 분리할 수 없는, 친구,
cherub: 토실토실한 귀여운 아기, 아기 enshrine: 간직하다, 을 사당에 나눌수없는, 떨어지기 어려운것,
천사의 그림, 게루빔, 케루빔, 귀여운, 모시다, 신전에 안치하다, 사당에 떨어질수 없는, 나눌 수 없는.
날개있는 천동그림, 동안인 사람, 안치하다, 사당에 모시다, 신전에 yon: 저쪽의 물건, 저곳에, 저쪽의
아름답고 천진한 사람, 지품천사, 모시다. 사람.
 Edgar Allan Poe 159

dream%has been the business of my life. I have therefore framed for myself, as
you see, a bower of dreams. In the heart of Venice could I have erected a better?
You behold around you, it is true, a medley of architectural embellishments. The
chastity of Ionia is offended by antediluvian devices, and the sphynxes of Egypt
are outstretched upon carpets of gold. Yet the effect is incongruous to the timid
alone. Proprieties of place, and especially of time, are the bugbears which terrify
mankind from the contemplation of the magnificent. Once I was myself a
decorist; but that sublimation of folly has palled upon my soul. All this is now
the fitter for my purpose. Like these arabesque censers, my spirit is writhing in
fire, and the delirium of this scene is fashioning me for the wilder visions of that
land of real dreams whither I am now rapidly departing.” He here paused
abruptly, bent his head to his bosom, and seemed to listen to a sound which I
could not hear. At length, erecting his frame, he looked upwards, and ejaculated
the lines of the Bishop of Chichester:

”Stay for me there! I will not fail

To meet thee in that hollow vale.”

In the next instant, confessing the power of the wine, he threw himself at full-
length upon an ottoman.
A quick step was now heard upon the staircase, and a loud knock at the door
rapidly succeeded. I was hastening to anticipate a second disturbance, when a
page of Mentoni’s household burst into the room, and faltered out, in a voice
choking with emotion, the incoherent words, “My mistress! -- my mistress! --
Poisoned! — poisoned! Oh, beautiful -- oh, beautiful Aphrodite!”
Bewildered, I flew to the ottoman, and endeavored to arouse the sleeper to a
sense of the startling intelligence. But his limbs were rigid -- his lips were livid --
his lately beaming eyes were riveted in death. I staggered back towards the table
-- my hand fell upon a cracked and blackened goblet -- and a consciousness of
the entire and terrible truth flashed suddenly over my soul.

Korean
antediluvian: 시대에뒤진, 노인, 섬망 상태. 접속곡, 이것 저것을 뒤섞다, 그러
노아의홍수이전의, 대홍수 이전의 goblet: 받침 달린 컵, 고블릿. 모은, 잡록.
사람, 태고의, 아주 늙은 사람, 대홍수 incoherent: 점착력이없는, 흐트러진, outstretched: 펼친, 뻗친.
이전의, 대홍수 이전의 동식물. 지리 멸렬의, 조리가 서지 않는, sleeper: 자는 사람, 침대차, 침목,
bower: 절하는 사람, 최고의 패, 주묘, 조리가 맞지 않는, 모순된, 논리가 뜻밖에 성공하는 사람, 예상 외로
정자, 굴복자, 나무그늘, 나무그늘의, 일관되지 않는, 일관되지 않은. 성공한 것, 잠옷, 슬리퍼 에이전트,
내실, 이물닻, 현악기 연주자, 나무 incongruous: 조화되지 않는, 야경, 예상 외로 성공한 사람.
그늘. 부조리한, 어울리지 않은, 동닿지 sublimation: 승화, 순화, 고상하게 함,
chastity: 순결, 간소, 청순, 성적금욕, 않은, 모순된, 부적당한. 이상화.
정숙. medley: 잡동사니, 잡다한 집단, terrify: 겁나게하다, 겁나게 하다,
delirium: 정신 착란, 황홀, 무아경, 잡색천, 혼합, 그러 모은 것, 혼합곡, 무섭게 하다.
160 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

THE PIT AND THE PENDULUM

Impia tortorum longos hic turba furores

Sanguinis innocui, non satiata, aluit.%
Sospite nunc patria, fracto nunc funeris antro,
Mors ubi dira fuit vita salusque patent.
[Quatrain composed for the gates of a market to he erected upon the site
of the Jacobin Club House at Paris.]

I was sick -- sick unto death with that long agony; and when they at length
unbound me, and I was permitted to sit, I felt that my senses were leaving me.
The sentence -- the dread sentence of death -- was the last of distinct
accentuation which reached my ears. After that, the sound of the inquisitorial
voices seemed merged in one dreamy indeterminate hum. It conveyed to my
soul the idea of revolution -- perhaps from its association in fancy with the burr
of a mill wheel. This only for a brief period; for presently I heard no more. Yet,
for a while, I saw; but with how terrible an exaggeration! I saw the lips of the
black-robed judges. They appeared to me white -- whiter than the sheet upon
which I trace these words -- and thin even to grotesqueness; thin with the
intensity of their expression of firmness -- of immoveable resolution -- of stern
contempt of human torture. I saw that the decrees of what to me was Fate, were
still issuing from those lips. I saw them writhe with a deadly locution. I saw
Korean
accentuation: 음의 억양법, 강조, hum: 콧노래를 부르다, 우물우물 locution: 화법, 어법, 어구, 관용어법,
역설, 두드러지게 하기, 악센트를 말하다, 윙울리다, 윙윙하다, 경기가 말씨.
붙이는 법. 좋다, 나쁜 냄새가 나다, 입속에서 patent: 명백한, 특허, 열려 있는,
burr: 후음, 그릉그릉하다, 우물거리다, 윙윙거리다. 개방성의, 공유지 양도 증서,
깔쭉깔쭉하게깎다, 리머, 윙윙하는 indeterminate: 막연한, 불확정의, 개방되어 있는, 특허권, 전매 특허의,
소리, 부르릉하는 소리, 깔쭉깔쭉한 불확정한, 부정의. 의 전매 특허를 얻다, 색다른, 독특한
부분, 규석. inquisitorial: 심문자의, 캐묻기 것.
decrees: 교령집. 좋아하는, 종교 배판관의, 엄하게 quatrain: 사행 연구.
firmness: 견고, 견실, 단단함, 결의가 심문하는, 조사자 같은, 조사자의, unbound: 족쇄가 벗겨진, 매여 있지
굳은, 확고 부동, 확고부동. 조사자, 심문자 같은, 심문자. 않은.
hic: 딸꾹. leaving: 찌꺼기, 잔물, 쓰레기. vita: 약력, 이력서.
 Edgar Allan Poe 161

them%fashion the syllables of my name; and I shuddered because no sound

succeeded. I saw, too, for a few moments of delirious horror, the soft and nearly
imperceptible waving of the sable draperies which enwrapped the walls of the
apartment. And then my vision fell upon the seven tall candles upon the table.
At first they wore the aspect of charity, and seemed white and slender angels
who would save me; but then, all at once, there came a most deadly nausea over
my spirit, and I felt every fibre in my frame thrill as if I had touched the wire of a
galvanic battery, while the angel forms became meaningless spectres, with
heads of flame, and I saw that from them there would be no help. And then there
stole into my fancy, like a rich musical note, the thought of what sweet rest there
must be in the grave. The thought came gently and stealthily, and it seemed long
before it attained full appreciation; but just as my spirit came at length properly
to feel and entertain it, the figures of the judges vanished, as if magically, from
before me; the tall candles sank into nothingness; their flames went out utterly;
the blackness of darkness supervened; all sensations appeared swallowed up in a
mad rushing descent as of the soul into Hades. Then silence, and stillness, night
were the universe.
I had swooned; but still will not say that all of consciousness was lost. What
of it there remained I will not attempt to define, or even to describe; yet all was
not lost. In the deepest slumber -- no! In delirium -- no! In a swoon -- no! In death
-- no! even in the grave all is not lost. Else there is no immortality for man.
Arousing from the most profound of slumbers, we break the gossamer web of
some dream. Yet in a second afterward, (so frail may that web have been) we
remember not that we have dreamed. In the return to life from the swoon there
are two stages; first, that of the sense of mental or spiritual; secondly, that of the
sense of physical, existence. It seems probable that if, upon reaching the second
stage, we could recall the impressions of the first, we should find these
impressions eloquent in memories of the gulf beyond. And that gulf is -- what?
How at least shall we distinguish its shadows from those of the tomb? But if the
impressions of what I have termed the first stage, are not, at will, recalled, yet,
after long interval, do they not come unbidden, while we marvel whence they
come? He who has never swooned, is not he who finds strange palaces and

Korean
eloquent: 표정이 풍부한, 웅변의, 을 전기의, 직류 전기의.
잘 나타내는. magically: 마법의, 매력적인.
flame: 정열, 애인, 발끈하다, 광휘, marvel: 경이, 놀라운 것, 경탄, 놀라운
정열을 드러내다, 빛나다, 불길, 일, 불가사의하게 여기다, 놀라다,
훨훨타다, 화염, 불꽃, 태우다. 놀람.
frail: 무른, 허약한, 유혹에 meaningless: 무의미한, 뜻이 없는,
빠지기쉬운, 한바구니 분, 성격이 무가치한.
약한, 골풀바구니, 성격이약한, nausea: 욕지기, 혐오, 매스꺼움,
유혹에 빠지기 쉬운, 덧없는. 뱃멀미, 지겨움, 배멀미, 구역질, 매우
galvanic: 경련적인, 동전기의, 깜짝 싫은 느낌.
놀라게하는, 깜짝놀라게하는, 갈바니 nothingness: 무, 소용없음, 실신죽음,
존재하지 않음, 하찮은것, 무가치.
stealthily: 몰래, 은밀히.
stillness: 침묵, 조용한 환경, 정적,
고요, 평온, 소리 없는 곳, 고, 고요함.
unbidden: 명령받지 않은, 초대받지
않은, 자발적인, 초청받지 않은,
요청받지 않은.
web: 물갈퀴, 거미집, 꾸민 것, 거미줄
모양의 것, 한 두루마리의 인쇄용지,
피륙, 한 베틀분의 천, 얇은 금속판,
웹, 거미줄을 치다, 꾀한 것.
162 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

wildly familiar faces in coals that glow; is not he who beholds floating in mid-air
the sad visions that the many may not view; is not he who ponders over the
perfume of some novel flower -- is not he whose brain grows bewildered with
the meaning of some musical cadence which has never before arrested his
attention.%
Amid frequent and thoughtful endeavors to remember; amid earnest
struggles to regather some token of the state of seeming nothingness into which
my soul had lapsed, there have been moments when I have dreamed of success;
there have been brief, very brief periods when I have conjured up remembrances
which the lucid reason of a later epoch assures me could have had reference only
to that condition of seeming unconsciousness. These shadows of memory tell,
indistinctly, of tall figures that lifted and bore me in silence down -- down -- still
down -- till a hideous dizziness oppressed me at the mere idea of the
interminableness of the descent. They tell also of a vague horror at my heart, on
account of that heart’s unnatural stillness. Then comes a sense of sudden
motionlessness throughout all things; as if those who bore me (a ghastly train!)
had outrun, in their descent, the limits of the limitless, and paused from the
wearisomeness of their toil. After this I call to mind flatness and dampness; and
then all is madness -- the madness of a memory which busies itself among
forbidden things.
Very suddenly there came back to my soul motion and sound -- the
tumultuous motion of the heart, and, in my ears, the sound of its beating. Then a
pause in which all is blank. Then again sound, and motion, and touch -- a
tingling sensation pervading my frame. Then the mere consciousness of
existence, without thought -- a condition which lasted long. Then, very suddenly,
thought, and shuddering terror, and earnest endeavor to comprehend my true
state. Then a strong desire to lapse into insensibility. Then a rushing revival of
soul and a successful effort to move. And now a full memory of the trial, of the
judges, of the sable draperies, of the sentence, of the sickness, of the swoon. Then
entire forgetfulness of all that followed; of all that a later day and much
earnestness of endeavor have enabled me vaguely to recall.

Korean
cadence: 운율, 억양, 보조, 소리, 실효한, 남의 손으로 넘어간, 폐지된, regather: 다시 모으다.
악장의 종지법, 종지법, 분가의 가계. 타락한, 신앙을 잃은, 경과한. remembrances: 전언, 안부를 묻는
earnestness: 열심. limitless: 무기한의, 무한의, 망막한, 전언.
flatness: 평탄, 평지, 음의 저하, 무제한의, 드넓은, 무한한. seeming: 겉으로의, 외관상의 겉보기,
단조로움, 단호한 태도, 무미, 평면, lucid: 맑은, 명백한, 투명한, 빛나는, 외관, 겉모양, 외관상의, 표면만의.
평면도, 평범, 불경기. 뚜렷한, 의식 따위가 뚜렷한. sudden: 돌연한, 갑작스런, 돌연.
forgetfulness: 건망증, 태만, 소홀, outrun: 달려서 이기다, 보다 빨리 token: 기념품, 표, 이름만의,
망각. 달리다, 을 앞지르다, 보다 빨리 달려 대용화폐, 명목상의, 암호, 유물,
insensibility: 태연, 무신경, 무감각, 앞지르다, 도가 지나치다, 달리어 점점, 증거, 전조, 신호.
인사불성, 무의식, 둔감, 냉담. 앞지르다, 달아나다, 의 한계를 넘다, unconsciousness: 무의식, 인사 불성,
lapsed: 지나간, 쇠퇴한, 없어진, 의 한도를 넘다, 달려서 앞서다. 현기증이 나다, 의식불명.
 Edgar Allan Poe 163

So%far, I had not opened my eyes. I felt that I lay upon my back, unbound. I
reached out my hand, and it fell heavily upon something damp and hard. There I
suffered it to remain for many minutes, while I strove to imagine where and
what I could be. I longed, yet dared not to employ my vision. I dreaded the first
glance at objects around me. It was not that I feared to look upon things horrible,
but that I grew aghast lest there should be nothing to see. At length, with a wild
desperation at heart, I quickly unclosed my eyes. My worst thoughts, then, were
confirmed. The blackness of eternal night encompassed me. I struggled for
breath. The intensity of the darkness seemed to oppress and stifle me. The
atmosphere was intolerably close. I still lay quietly, and made effort to exercise
my reason. I brought to mind the inquisitorial proceedings, and attempted from
that point to deduce my real condition. The sentence had passed; and it appeared
to me that a very long interval of time had since elapsed. Yet not for a moment
did I suppose myself actually dead. Such a supposition, notwithstanding what
we read in fiction, is altogether inconsistent with real existence; -- but where and
in what state was I? The condemned to death, I knew, perished usually at the
autos-da-fe, and one of these had been held on the very night of the day of my
trial. Had I been remanded to my dungeon, to await the next sacrifice, which
would not take place for many months? This I at once saw could not be. Victims
had been in immediate demand. Moreover, my dungeon, as well as all the
condemned cells at Toledo, had stone floors, and light was not altogether
excluded.
A fearful idea now suddenly drove the blood in torrents upon my heart, and
for a brief period, I once more relapsed into insensibility. Upon recovering, I at
once started to my feet, trembling convulsively in every fibre. I thrust my arms
wildly above and around me in all directions. I felt nothing; yet dreaded to move
a step, lest I should be impeded by the walls of a tomb. Perspiration burst from
every pore, and stood in cold big beads upon my forehead. The agony of
suspense grew at length intolerable, and I cautiously moved forward, with my
arms extended, and my eyes straining from their sockets, in the hope of catching
some faint ray of light. I proceeded for many paces; but still all was blackness

await: 기다리다, 에 준비되어 있다.
beads: 염주.
convulsively: 발작적으로.
deduce: 추론하다, 연역하다, 의
유래를 캐다, 계통을 따지다.
desperation: 절망, 자포자기, 기를 씀,
필사.
dungeon: 토굴감옥, 지하 감옥, 누각.
intolerably: 참을수 없이, 극히,
견디지 못하게.
lest: 을 두려워하여, 하지 않도록,
Korean
하지나 않을까 하고. 발한.
notwithstanding: 에도 불구하고, pore: 숙고하다, 기공, 세공, 몰두하다,
그런데도 불구하고, 할지라도, 털구멍, 털구명, 눈을 독서로
불구하고, 한데, 그럼에도 불구하고, 혹사시키다, 자세히 보다, 독서로
함에도 불구하고, 이라 할지라도. 혹사시키다, 책 따위를 자세히 보다.
oppress: 압박하다, 압제하다, stifle: 억누르다, 질식시키다,
우울하게 하다, 에게 압박감을 주다, 숨겨두다, 진압하다, 끄다,
에게 답답한 느낌을 주다. 숨막히게하다. 끄다, 숨막히게하다,
perished: 매우 곤란한, 지친, 숨을 막다, 숨이 가쁘다.
초췌해진. suspense: 걱정, 서스펜스, 미결정,
perspiration: 땀, 발한 작용, 발한작용, 불안, 이도저도 아님, 정지, 미결.
164 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

and vacancy. I breathed more freely. It seemed evident that mine was not, at
least, the most hideous of fates.%
And now, as I still continued to step cautiously onward, there came
thronging upon my recollection a thousand vague rumors of the horrors of
Toledo. Of the dungeons there had been strange things narrated -- fables I had
always deemed them -- but yet strange, and too ghastly to repeat, save in a
whisper. Was I left to perish of starvation in this subterranean world of
darkness; or what fate, perhaps even more fearful, awaited me? That the result
would be death, and a death of more than customary bitterness, I knew too well
the character of my judges to doubt. The mode and the hour were all that
occupied or distracted me.
My outstretched hands at length encountered some solid obstruction. It was a
wall, seemingly of stone masonry -- very smooth, slimy, and cold. I followed it
up; stepping with all the careful distrust with which certain antique narratives
had inspired me. This process, however, afforded me no means of ascertaining
the dimensions of my dungeon; as I might make its circuit, and return to the
point whence I set out, without being aware of the fact; so perfectly uniform
seemed the wall. I therefore sought the knife which had been in my pocket, when
led into the inquisitorial chamber; but it was gone; my clothes had been
exchanged for a wrapper of coarse serge. I had thought of forcing the blade in
some minute crevice of the masonry, so as to identify my point of departure. The
difficulty, nevertheless, was but trivial; although, in the disorder of my fancy, it
seemed at first insuperable. I tore a part of the hem from the robe and placed the
fragment at full length, and at right angles to the wall. In groping my way
around the prison, I could not fail to encounter this rag upon completing the
circuit. So, at least I thought: but I had not counted upon the extent of the
dungeon, or upon my own weakness. The ground was moist and slippery. I
staggered onward for some time, when I stumbled and fell. My excessive fatigue
induced me to remain prostrate; and sleep soon overtook me as I lay.
Upon awaking, and stretching forth an arm, I found beside me a loaf and a
pitcher with water. I was too much exhausted to reflect upon this circumstance,

Korean
crevice: 갈라진틈, 터진곳, 갈라진 틈. loaf: 덩어리, 요리의 일종, 싣는 사람, 가벼운 철제 타구봉.
distracted: 광란의, 어수선한, 빗나간. 어정거리다, 빵 한덩어리, serge: 서지, 세루.
distrust: 불신, 의혹, 의심하다. 놀고지내다, 빈둥거리다, 원뿔꼴의 slimy: 더러운, 끈적끈적한,
groping: 암중 모색하는, 손으로 한덩이, 머리, 원뿔꼴의 횐 설탕, 흙투성이인, 질척질척한,
더듬는. 시간을 놀며 보내다, 빵의 덩어리. 굽실굽실하는, 진흙투성이의, 불쾌한.
hem: 가선, 에워싸다, 두르다, 감치다, onward: 전방으로, 전방에, 전진의, starvation: 굶주림, 아사, 박봉의.
에헴, 감침질, 경계, 헛기침, 에헴 전진적인. subterranean: 지하의, 숨은, 비밀의,
하고 소리내다, 헛기침 소리, 가선을 pitcher: 던지는 사람, 투수, 물주전자, 지하에 사는 사람, 지하에서 일하는
두르다. 피처, 던져 싣는 사람, 짚 따위를 사람, 지하에 사를 파는 사람.
insuperable: 이겨내기 어려운, 짐차에 던져 싣는 사람, 주머니 wrapper: 실내복, 포장지, 포장하는
무적의, 극복할 수 없는. 모양의 잎, 건초 따위를 짐차에 던져 사람, 겉잎, 싸는 것, 싸는 사람.
 Edgar Allan Poe 165

but ate and drank with avidity. Shortly afterward, I resumed my tour around the
prison, and with much toil came at last upon the fragment of the serge. Up to the
period when I fell I had counted fifty-two paces, and upon resuming my walk, I
had counted forty-eight more; -- when I arrived at the rag. There were in all,
then, a hundred paces; and, admitting two paces to the yard, I presumed the
dungeon to be fifty yards in circuit. I had met, however, with many angles in the
wall, and thus I could form no guess at the shape of the vault; for vault I could
not help supposing it to be.%
I had little object -- certainly no hope these researches; but a vague curiosity
prompted me to continue them. Quitting the wall, I resolved to cross the area of
the enclosure. At first I proceeded with extreme caution, for the floor, although
seemingly of solid material, was treacherous with slime. At length, however, I
took courage, and did not hesitate to step firmly; endeavoring to cross in as
direct a line as possible. I had advanced some ten or twelve paces in this manner,
when the remnant of the torn hem of my robe became entangled between my
legs. I stepped on it, and fell violently on my face.
In the confusion attending my fall, I did not immediately apprehend a
somewhat startling circumstance, which yet, in a few seconds afterward, and
while I still lay prostrate, arrested my attention. It was this -- my chin rested
upon the floor of the prison, but my lips and the upper portion of my head,
although seemingly at a less elevation than the chin, touched nothing. At the
same time my forehead seemed bathed in a clammy vapor, and the peculiar
smell of decayed fungus arose to my nostrils. I put forward my arm, and
shuddered to find that I had fallen at the very brink of a circular pit, whose
extent, of course, I had no means of ascertaining at the moment. Groping about
the masonry just below the margin, I succeeded in dislodging a small fragment,
and let it fall into the abyss. For many seconds I hearkened to its reverberations
as it dashed against the sides of the chasm in its descent; at length there was a
sullen plunge into water, succeeded by loud echoes. At the same moment there
came a sound resembling the quick opening, and as rapid closing of a door

angles: 앵글족.
avidity: 갈망, 탐욕, 욕망.
chasm: 단절, 빈 틈, 차이, 공백, 균열,
금, 깊게 갈라진 틈, 깊게 갈라진 폭,
결함, 깊은 구렁, 넓은 틈.
clammy: 차고 끈적끈적한, 냉습한,
친친한, 찐득한.
dashed: 괘씸한, 굉장히, 낙심한, 의기
소침한, 지독히.
elevation: 올리는일, 고상, 기품, 승진,
입면, 향상, 공중의 순간 정지,
Korean
고상하게 함, 앙각, 입면도, 높임. robe: 예복, 법복, 긴 유아복, 의복,
enclosure: 울안, 종획지, 울타리, 울, 덮개, 길고 헐거운 겉옷, 옷, 예복을
구내, 담, 동봉한 것, 봉입물, 울로 입다, 관복, 장식하다, 예복입히다.
둘러싼 땅, 동봉, 둘러쌈. slime: 찰흙을 칠하다, 찰흙, 점액,
entangled: 뒤얽히게 하는, 분규를 끈적끈적한 것, 찐득찐득한 것,
일으키게 하는, 빠뜨리는. 진흙투성이가 되다, 점액으로 뒤덮다,
fungus: 진균류, 갑자기 생기는 것, 균, 언짢은 것, 악의 세계, 미꾸라지처럼
일시적 현상, 버섯. 미끈미끈 빠져 나가다, 더러운 것.
rag: 넝마, 조각, 꾸짖다, 단편, 놀리다, treacherous: 배반하는, 믿을 수 없는,
장난치다, 신문, 법석, 누더기, 막, 의지가 안되는, 반역하는, 기대에
지폐. 어긋나는.
166 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

overhead, while a faint gleam of light flashed suddenly through the gloom, and
as suddenly faded away.%
I saw clearly the doom which had been prepared for me, and congratulated
myself upon the timely accident by which I had escaped. Another step before my
fall, and the world had seen me no more. And the death just avoided, was of that
very character which I had regarded as fabulous and frivolous in the tales
respecting the Inquisition. To the victims of its tyranny, there was the choice of
death with its direst physical agonies, or death with its most hideous moral
horrors. I had been reserved for the latter. By long suffering my nerves had been
unstrung, until I trembled at the sound of my own voice, and had become in
every respect a fitting subject for the species of torture which awaited me.
Shaking in every limb, I groped my way back to the wall; resolving there to
perish rather than risk the terrors of the wells, of which my imagination now
pictured many in various positions about the dungeon. In other conditions of
mind I might have had courage to end my misery at once by a plunge into one of
these abysses; but now I was the veriest of cowards. Neither could I forget what I
had read of these pits -- that the sudden extinction of life formed no part of their
most horrible plan.
Agitation of spirit kept me awake for many long hours; but at length I again
slumbered. Upon arousing, I found by my side, as before, a loaf and a pitcher of
water. A burning thirst consumed me, and I emptied the vessel at a draught. It
must have been drugged; for scarcely had I drunk, before I became irresistibly
drowsy. A deep sleep fell upon me -- a sleep like that of death. How long it
lasted of course, I know not; but when, once again, I unclosed my eyes, the
objects around me were visible. By a wild sulphurous lustre, the origin of which
I could not at first determine, I was enabled to see the extent and aspect of the
prison.
In its size I had been greatly mistaken. The whole circuit of its walls did not
exceed twenty-five yards. For some minutes this fact occasioned me a world of
vain trouble; vain indeed! for what could be of less importance, under the
terrible circumstances which environed me, then the mere dimensions of my

Korean
drowsy: 졸린, 졸음오게하는, 조는 터무니 없는, 거짓말 같은.
듯한, 나른한, 졸리는. frivolous: 경박한, 하찮은, 시시한,
drugged: 약을 먹이는, 에 약을 타는, 천박한.
특히 마취제를 먹이는, 싫증나게 irresistibly: 저항할 수 없는, 제어할
하는, 마약을 상용하는. 수 없는, 불문곡직의.
extinction: 소멸, 소화, 폐지, 빛의 reserved: 보류한, 제한된, 예비의,
흡수, 단절, 꺼짐, 절명, 종식, 진화, 수줍은, 예약한, 지정의, 전세낸,
흡광, 사멸. 운명지어진, 말수가 적은, 사양하는,
fabulous: 전설적인, 믿어지지 않는, 수줍어하는.
전설상의, 굉장한, 매우 훌륭한, sulphurous: 유황을 약간 함유하는,
비사실적인, 우화적인, 믿기 어려운, 유황의, 천둥의, 황의.
thirst: 갈증, 갈망, 갈망하다, 목마름,
한잔 마시고 싶다, 목마르다.
timely: 시기적절한, 때에 알맞은,
적시의, 때맞춘 적시안타, 적시에,
일찍이.
tyranny: 포학한 행위, 전제 정치,
포학, 폭정, 참주정치, 학대, 참주
정치, 무도한 행위.
unstrung: 느즈러진, 배우지 않은,
약해진, 줄이 느슨해진.
veriest: 순전한, 철저한.
 Edgar Allan Poe 167

dungeon? But my soul took a wild interest in trifles, and I busied myself in
endeavors to account for the error I had committed in my measurement. The
truth at length flashed upon me. In my first attempt at exploration I had counted
fifty-two paces, up to the period when I fell; I must then have been within a pace
or two of the fragment of serge; in fact, I had nearly performed the circuit of the
vault. I then slept, and upon awaking, I must have returned upon my steps --
thus supposing the circuit nearly double what it actually was. My confusion of
mind prevented me from observing that I began my tour with the wall to the left,
and ended it with the wall to the right.%
I had been deceived, too, in respect to the shape of the enclosure. In feeling
my way I had found many angles, and thus deduced an idea of great
irregularity; so potent is the effect of total darkness upon one arousing from
lethargy or sleep! The angles were simply those of a few slight depressions, or
niches, at odd intervals. The general shape of the prison was square. What I had
taken for masonry seemed now to be iron, or some other metal, in huge plates,
whose sutures or joints occasioned the depression. The entire surface of this
metallic enclosure was rudely daubed in all the hideous and repulsive devices to
which the charnel superstition of the monks has given rise. The figures of fiends
in aspects of menace, with skeleton forms, and other more really fearful images,
overspread and disfigured the walls. I observed that the outlines of these
monstrosities were sufficiently distinct, but that the colors seemed faded and
blurred, as if from the effects of a damp atmosphere. I now noticed the floor, too,
which was of stone. In the centre yawned the circular pit from whose jaws I had
escaped; but it was the only one in the dungeon.
All this I saw indistinctly and by much effort: for my personal condition had
been greatly changed during slumber. I now lay upon my back, and at full
length, on a species of low framework of wood. To this I was securely bound by
a long strap resembling a surcingle. It passed in many convolutions about my
limbs and body, leaving at liberty only my head, and my left arm to such extent
that I could, by dint of much exertion, supply myself with food from an earthen
dish which lay by my side on the floor. I saw, to my horror, that the pitcher had

earthen: 흙의, 흙으로 만든, 오지로
만든, 흙으로만든, 오지로만든.
exploration: 탐구, 탐험, 답사.
faded: 시든, 빛깔이 바랜, 색이 바랜.
fragment: 파편, 단편, 부서진 조각,
산산이 부수다, 산산 조각이 되다,
미완성유고, 미완성 유고, 부서지다.
irregularity: 불규칙, 불규칙적인 것,
울퉁불퉁함, 변칙, 불규칙적인 일.
lethargy: 혼수, 활발치 못한, 무기력,
혼수 상태, 혼수 병.
Korean
menace: 협박, 위협, 골칫거리, 귀찮은 냉정한, 몹시 불쾌한.
것, 협박하다, 위협하다, 공갈, 위험한 rudely: 조잡하게, 무례하게, 버릇없이,
것. 거칠게, 불쑥, 격력하게.
passed: 합격한, 지나가 버린. skeleton: 해골, 골격, 골자, 뼈대,
potent: 유력한, 힘센, 효력이 있는, 해골의, 여윈, 여윈 사람, 줄기,
성적 능력이 있는, 도덕적으로 최소한도의, 조직.
영향력이 강한, 효험이 있는, 효능이 strap: 가죽끈, 가죽숫돌, 기죽 손잡이,
있는. 띠쇠, 혁지, 혁지로 갈다, 손잡이
repulsive: 쌀쌀한, 반발하는, 가죽끈, 가죽끈으로 때리다, 가죽으로
물리치는, 혐오감을 일으키는, 묶다, 견장, 반창고를 붙이다.
쫓아버리는, 불쾌한, 반향하는, surcingle: 뱃대끈, 뱃대끈을 매다.
168 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

been removed. I say to my horror; for I was consumed with intolerable thirst.
This thirst it appeared to be the design of my persecutors to stimulate: for the
food in the dish was meat pungently seasoned.%
Looking upward, I surveyed the ceiling of my prison. It was some thirty or
forty feet overhead, and constructed much as the side walls. In one of its panels a
very singular figure riveted my whole attention. It was the painted figure of
Time as he is commonly represented, save that, in lieu of a scythe, he held what,
at a casual glance, I supposed to be the pictured image of a huge pendulum such
as we see on antique clocks. There was something, however, in the appearance of
this machine which caused me to regard it more attentively. While I gazed
directly upward at it (for its position was immediately over my own) I fancied
that I saw it in motion. In an instant afterward the fancy was confirmed. Its
sweep was brief, and of course slow. I watched it for some minutes, somewhat in
fear, but more in wonder. Wearied at length with observing its dull movement, I
turned my eyes upon the other objects in the cell.
A slight noise attracted my notice, and, looking to the floor, I saw several
enormous rats traversing it. They had issued from the well, which lay just within
view to my right. Even then, while I gazed, they came up in troops, hurriedly,
with ravenous eyes, allured by the scent of the meat. From this it required much
effort and attention to scare them away.
It might have been half an hour, perhaps even an hour, (for in cast my I could
take but imperfect note of time) before I again cast my eyes upward. What I then
saw confounded and amazed me. The sweep of the pendulum had increased in
extent by nearly a yard. As a natural consequence, its velocity was also much
greater. But what mainly disturbed me was the idea that had perceptibly
descended. I now observed -- with what horror it is needless to say -- that its
nether extremity was formed of a crescent of glittering steel, about a foot in
length from horn to horn; the horns upward, and the under edge evidently as
keen as that of a razor. Like a razor also, it seemed massy and heavy, tapering
from the edge into a solid and broad structure above. It was appended to a
weighty rod of brass, and the whole hissed as it swung through the air.

Korean
amazed: 놀란. 매단 램프, 흔들리는 추, 동요하는 것, 소동, 위협하다, 겁내다.
attentively: 세심하게, 주의깊게. 시계의 진자처럼 동요하는 것, 시계 scythe: 큰 낫, 수레바퀴에 단 낫, 큰
crescent: 초승달, 초승달 모양의 기장, 따위의 흔들리는 추. 낫으로 베다.
차차 커지는, 초승달 모양, 초승달 perceptibly: 인식할 수 있게. swung: 흔들거리는, 물결 모양의.
모양의, 초승달 모양의 광장, ravenous: 굶주린, 게걸든, 게걸스럽게 tapering: 끝이 가늘어진, 끝이
초승달기, 초승달모양의, 초승달의, 먹는, 탐욕스런, 마구 먹어대는. 뾰족해진, 끝이 뾰죽해진, 점점
초승달꼴 롤 빵, 회교. razor: 면도칼, 면도기, 에 면도칼을 적어지는, 체감의.
formed: 생물적 특징을 갖춘, 형성된. 대다. upward: 상승하는, 위로 향하는, 이상,
glittering: 빛나는, 반짝이는. scare: 겁냄, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 겁을 위쪽으로, 위를 향해서, 위로 향한,
nether: 아래의, 지하의, 지옥의. 집어먹다, 으르다, 놀람, 깜짝 놀라는 위로 향하여, 에서 위쪽으로.
pendulum: 추, 흔들이, 긴자, 진자, 일, 겁, 놀라게 하여 쫓아버리다, wearied: 피곤한.
 Edgar Allan Poe 169

I could no longer doubt the doom prepared for me by monkish ingenuity in

torture. My cognizance of the pit had become known to the inquisitorial agents --
the pit whose horrors had been destined for so bold a recusant as myself -- the
pit, typical of hell, and regarded by rumor as the Ultima Thule of all their
punishments. The plunge into this pit I had avoided by the merest of accidents, I
knew that surprise, or entrapment into torment, formed an important portion of
all the grotesquerie of these dungeon deaths. Having failed to fall, it was no part
of the demon plan to hurl me into the abyss; and thus (there being no alternative)
a different and a milder destruction awaited me. Milder! I half smiled in my
agony as I thought of such application of such a term.%
What boots it to tell of the long, long hours of horror more than mortal,
during which I counted the rushing vibrations of the steel! Inch by inch -- line by
line -- with a descent only appreciable at intervals that seemed ages -- down and
still down it came! Days passed -- it might have been that many days passed --
ere it swept so closely over me as to fan me with its acrid breath. The odor of the
sharp steel forced itself into my nostrils. I prayed -- I wearied heaven with my
prayer for its more speedy descent. I grew frantically mad, and struggled to
force myself upward against the sweep of the fearful scimitar. And then I fell
suddenly calm, and lay smiling at the glittering death, as a child at some rare
bauble.
There was another interval of utter insensibility; it was brief; for, upon again
lapsing into life there had been no perceptible descent in the pendulum. But it
might have been long; for I knew there were demons who took note of my
swoon, and who could have arrested the vibration at pleasure. Upon my
recovery, too, I felt very -- oh, inexpressibly sick and weak, as if through long
inanition. Even amid the agonies of that period, the human nature craved food.
With painful effort I outstretched my left arm as far as my bonds permitted, and
took possession of the small remnant which had been spared me by the rats. As I
put a portion of it within my lips, there rushed to my mind a half formed
thought of joy -- of hope. Yet what business had I with hope? It was, as I say, a
half formed thought -- man has many such which are never completed. I felt that

Korean
acrid: 매운, 신랄한, 쓴, 짓궂은, 톡 듯이, 몹시, 미俗 굉장히. 거부하는 사람, 권위에 따르지 않는,
쏘는 스미는, 가흑한, 에이커되는, grotesquerie: 기괴한 언동, 기괴한 것. 영국 국교를 기피하는, 영국 국교를
토지의. hurl: 퍼붓다, 내던지다, 내던짐, 기피하는 사람.
agony: 희비의 극치, 단말마의 괴로움, 던지다, 세게 던지기, 차로 운반하다. scimitar: 언월도, 초승달처럼 굽은 칼.
고뇌, 고통, 그리스도의 고통, 심한 inanition: 공허, 영양실조, 기아. torment: 고통, 괴롭히다, 못살게 굴다,
고통, 죽음의 고통, 감정의 격발, inexpressibly: 말로 나타낼 수 없게, 나무라다, 그원인, 고민, 괴롭힘,
격발. 표현하기 어려울 정도로, 대단히, 곤란하게 하다, 고문대.
bauble: 지팡이, 값싸고 번지르르한 말하기 어렵게. utter: 말하다, 전적인, 절대적인,
물건, 값싼 물건. monkish: 소두사 티가 나는, 중 냄새 완전한, 행사하다, 나타내다,
entrapment: 덫에 걸리게 하는 것. 나는, 수도승의. 발음하다, 순전한, 무조건의,
frantically: 극도로 흥분하여, 미친 recusant: 복종을 거부하는, 복종을 발언하다, 입 밖에 내다.
170 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

it was of joy -- of hope; but felt also that it had perished in its formation. In vain I
struggled to perfect -- to regain it. Long suffering had nearly annihilated all my
ordinary powers of mind. I was an imbecile -- an idiot.%
The vibration of the pendulum was at right angles to my length. I saw that
the crescent was designed to cross the region of the heart. It would fray the serge
of my robe -- it would return and repeat its operations -- again -- and again.
Notwithstanding terrifically wide sweep (some thirty feet or more) and the its
hissing vigor of its descent, sufficient to sunder these very walls of iron, still the
fraying of my robe would be all that, for several minutes, it would accomplish.
And at this thought I paused. I dared not go farther than this reflection. I dwelt
upon it with a pertinacity of attention -- as if, in so dwelling, I could arrest here
the descent of the steel. I forced myself to ponder upon the sound of the crescent
as it should pass across the garment -- upon the peculiar thrilling sensation
which the friction of cloth produces on the nerves. I pondered upon all this
frivolity until my teeth were on edge.
Down -- steadily down it crept. I took a frenzied pleasure in contrasting its
downward with its lateral velocity. To the right -- to the left -- far and wide --
with the shriek of a damned spirit; to my heart with the stealthy pace of the tiger!
I alternately laughed and howled as the one or the other idea grew predominant.
Down -- certainly, relentlessly down! It vibrated within three inches of my
bosom! I struggled violently, furiously, to free my left arm. This was free only
from the elbow to the hand. I could reach the latter, from the platter beside me,
to my mouth, with great effort, but no farther. Could I have broken the
fastenings above the elbow, I would have seized and attempted to arrest the
pendulum. I might as well have attempted to arrest an avalanche!
Down -- still unceasingly -- still inevitably down! I gasped and struggled at
each vibration. I shrunk convulsively at its every sweep. My eyes followed its
outward or upward whirls with the eagerness of the most unmeaning despair;
they closed themselves spasmodically at the descent, although death would
have been a relief, oh! how unspeakable! Still I quivered in every nerve to think
how slight a sinking of the machinery would precipitate that keen, glistening axe

Korean
alternately: 번갈아, 교대로, 하나 열광적인.
걸러. frivolity: 천박, 하찮은 일, 경박, 경솔,
avalanche: 쇄도하다, 눈사태, 쇄도, 경솔한 언동, 쓸데없는 일.
눈이나산 사태나다, 사태, 눈이나 glistening: 반짝이면서.
산사태나다. imbecile: 우둔, 저능, 허약한, 매우
fray: 풀다, 해지다, 다툼, 닳아 빠지게 어리석은, 치우, 저능자, 저능한.
하다, 문지르다, 떠들 썩 한 싸움, platter: 음반, 레코드, 타원형의 얕은
마모되다, 해어지다, 싸움, 풀리다, 큰 접시, 본루.
소모시키다. ponder: 숙고하다.
fraying: 닳아 해어짐, 닳아 해어진 것. relentlessly: 용서없이, 무정하게,
frenzied: 열광한, 격앙한, 격노한, 냉혹하게.
spasmodically: 경련으로, 발작적으로,
하다말다하여.
sunder: 가르다, 찢다, 갈라지다, 때다,
분리되다, 따로 따로.
terrifically: 맹렬히, 무시무시하게.
thrilling: 오싹하게 하는, 스릴 만점의,
감격적인, 소름이 끼치는, 떨리는,
장렬한, 두근두근하게 하는,
자릿자릿하게 하는.
vigor: 활기, 정력, 활력, 원기, 구속력,
힘.
 Edgar Allan Poe 171

upon my bosom. It was hope that prompted the nerve to quiver -- the frame to
shrink. It was hope -- the hope that triumphs on the rack -- that whispers to the
death-condemned even in the dungeons of the Inquisition.%
I saw that some ten or twelve vibrations would bring the steel in actual
contact with my robe, and with this observation there suddenly came over my
spirit all the keen, collected calmness of despair. For the first time during many
hours -- or perhaps days -- I thought. It now occurred to me that the bandage, or
surcingle, which enveloped me, was unique. I was tied by no separate cord. The
first stroke of the razorlike crescent athwart any portion of the band, would so
detach it that it might be unwound from my person by means of my left hand.
But how fearful, in that case, the proximity of the steel! The result of the slightest
struggle how deadly! Was it likely, moreover, that the minions of the torturer
had not foreseen and provided for this possibility! Was it probable that the
bandage crossed my bosom in the track of the pendulum? Dreading to find my
faint, and, as it seemed, in last hope frustrated, I so far elevated my head as to
obtain a distinct view of my breast. The surcingle enveloped my limbs and body
close in all directions -- save in the path of the destroying crescent.
Scarcely had I dropped my head back into its original position, when there
flashed upon my mind what I cannot better describe than as the unformed half
of that idea of deliverance to which I have previously alluded, and of which a
moiety only floated indeterminately through my brain when I raised food to my
burning lips. The whole thought was now present -- feeble, scarcely sane,
scarcely definite, -- but still entire. I proceeded at once, with the nervous energy
of despair, to attempt its execution.
For many hours the immediate vicinity of the low framework upon which I
lay, had been literally swarming with rats. They were wild, bold, ravenous; their
red eyes glaring upon me as if they waited but for motionlessness on my part to
make me their prey. “To what food,” I thought, “have they been accustomed in
the well?”
They had devoured, in spite of all my efforts to prevent them, all but a small
remnant of the contents of the dish. I had fallen into an habitual see-saw, or

Korean
athwart: 에거슬러, 을 가로질러, deliverance: 구출, 해방, 진술, 진술의
어긋나게. 공표, 평결, 액막이, 석방, 발표, 구조,
bandage: 붕대, 붕대를 감다, 안대, 쇠 공식 의견, 의견.
띠, 쇠 테. detach: 분견하다, 분리하다, 떼다,
calmness: 평온, 냉정, 참착, 침착. 파견하다.
cord: 코드, 새끼로 묶다, 새끼, 굴레, frustrated: 실망한, 좌절감을 느낀.
장작의 평수, 골지게 짠 직물의 이랑, glaring: 눈부신, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는,
끈, 가는바로묶다, 코듀로이, 노끈, 눈에 띄는, 명백한, 흘겨보는, 야한,
삭상조직. 빤한, 현란한, 빤짝빤짝 빛나는,
definite: 명확한, 뚜렷한, 일정한, 쏘아보.
한정된, 한정하는. habitual: 습관적인, 습관상의, 평소의,
스관적인.
moiety: 절반, 일부분, 재산 따위의
절반.
proximity: 접근.
torturer: 괴롭히는 것, 고문하는 사람,
괴롭히는 사람.
unformed: 미발달의, 정형이 없는,
아직 꼴을 이루지 않은, 아직 형제를
이루지 않은, 형성되지 않은, 미숙한.
unwound: 감기지 않은, 감긴것이
풀린.
172 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

wave of the hand about the platter: and, at length, the unconscious uniformity
of the movement deprived it of effect. In their voracity the vermin frequently
fastened their sharp fangs in my fingers. With the particles of the oily and spicy
viand which now remained, I thoroughly rubbed the bandage wherever I could
reach it; then, raising my hand from the floor, I lay breathlessly still.%
At first the ravenous animals were startled and terrified at the change -- at the
cessation of movement. They shrank alarmedly back; many sought the well. But
this was only for a moment. I had not counted in vain upon their voracity.
Observing that I remained without motion, one or two of the boldest leaped
upon the frame-work, and smelt at the surcingle. This seemed the signal for a
general rush. Forth from the well they hurried in fresh troops. They clung to the
wood -- they overran it, and leaped in hundreds upon my person. The measured
movement of the pendulum disturbed them not at all. Avoiding its strokes they
busied themselves with the anointed bandage. They pressed -- they swarmed
upon me in ever accumulating heaps. They writhed upon my throat; their cold
lips sought my own; I was half stifled by their thronging pressure; disgust, for
which the world has no name, swelled my bosom, and chilled, with a heavy
clamminess, my heart. Yet one minute, and I felt that the struggle would be over.
Plainly I perceived the loosening of the bandage. I knew that in more than one
place it must be already severed. With a more than human resolution I lay still.
Nor had I erred in my calculations -- nor had I endured in vain. I at length felt
that I was free. The surcingle hung in ribands from my body. But the stroke of
the pendulum already pressed upon my bosom. It had divided the serge of the
robe. It had cut through the linen beneath. Twice again it swung, and a sharp
sense of pain shot through every nerve. But the moment of escape had arrived.
At a wave of my hand my deliverers hurried tumultuously away. With a steady
movement -- cautious, sidelong, shrinking, and slow -- I slid from the embrace of
the bandage and beyond the reach of the scimitar. For the moment, at least, I was
free.
Free! -- and in the grasp of the Inquisition! I had scarcely stepped from my
wooden bed of horror upon the stone floor of the prison, when the motion of the

Korean
breathlessly: 숨가쁘게. 린네르제품, 아마실, 린네르, unconscious: 무의식의, 깨닫지
chilled: 냉장한, 냉각한, 냉강된, 린네르류, 린네르제의, 리넨 제품, 못하는, 모르는 무의식, 의식을 갖지
냉경한, 칠드 주물의, 차가워진. 옥양목 제품, 리넨 종이, 리넨제의. 않은, 자기도 모르게 나온, 정신을
clamminess: 차고 끈적끈적하성. oily: 기름의, 기름바른, 유질의, 잃은, 자각을 갖지 않은, 무의식,
deprived: 가난한, 가난한 사람들, 말솜씨가 좋은, 입에 발린, 유성의. 의식을 잃은, 모르는, 지각을 갖지
불우한. smelt: 용해하다, 제련하다, 빙어, 빙어 않은.
embrace: 포함하다, 포옹하다, 껴안다, 무리의 식용어. uniformity: 한결같음, 획일, 균일성,
매수하다, 깨닫다, 포옹, 채용하다, spicy: 싸한, 향료 같은, 방향이 있는, 고름, 균등, 등질, 일률, 일치, 일정
서로 껴안다, 채용하다-서로 껴안다- 상스런, 생기가 있는, 짜릿한, 양념을 불변.
포옹, 성교, 채택하다. 넣은, 외설한. viand: 식품, 성찬, 음식.
linen: 아마포, 린네르처럼 흰, tumultuously: 시끄럽게, 동요되게. voracity: 탐욕, 폭식, 집착, 대식.
 Edgar Allan Poe 173

hellish machine ceased and I beheld it drawn up, by some invisible force,
through the ceiling. This was a lesson which I took desperately to heart. My
every motion was undoubtedly watched. Free! -- I had but escaped death in one
form of agony, to be delivered unto worse than death in some other. With that
thought I rolled my eves nervously around on the barriers of iron that hemmed
me in. Something unusual -- some change which, at first, I could not appreciate
distinctly -- it was obvious, had taken place in the apartment. For many minutes
of a dreamy and trembling abstraction, I busied myself in vain, unconnected
conjecture. During this period, I became aware, for the first time, of the origin of
the sulphurous light which illumined the cell. It proceeded from a fissure, about
half an inch in width, extending entirely around the prison at the base of the
walls, which thus appeared, and were, completely separated from the floor. I
endeavored, but of course in vain, to look through the aperture.%
As I arose from the attempt, the mystery of the alteration in the chamber
broke at once upon my understanding. I have observed that, although the
outlines of the figures upon the walls were sufficiently distinct, yet the colors
seemed blurred and indefinite. These colors had now assumed, and were
momentarily assuming, a startling and most intense brilliancy, that gave to the
spectral and fiendish portraitures an aspect that might have thrilled even firmer
nerves than my own. Demon eyes, of a wild and ghastly vivacity, glared upon
me in a thousand directions, where none had been visible before, and gleamed
with the lurid lustre of a fire that I could not force my imagination to regard as
unreal.
Unreal! -- Even while I breathed there came to my nostrils the breath of the
vapour of heated iron! A suffocating odour pervaded the prison! A deeper glow
settled each moment in the eyes that glared at my agonies! A richer tint of
crimson diffused itself over the pictured horrors of blood. I panted! I gasped for
breath! There could be no doubt of the design of my tormentors -- oh! most
unrelenting! oh! most demoniac of men! I shrank from the glowing metal to the
centre of the cell. Amid the thought of the fiery destruction that impended, the
idea of the coolness of the well came over my soul like balm. I rushed to its

Korean
balm: 향유, 진통제, 서양박하, fiery: 불의, 염증을 일으킨, 불빛의, 맞지 않는, 연속되지 않은, 조리가
바향수지, 밤제, 멜리사. 불같은, 불타고있는, 격하기 쉬운, 맞지 않는, 연고가 없는, 연결되지
conjecture: 추측, 추측하다, 어림대고 작열하는, 열렬한, 얼얼한, 인화하기 않은.
말하다, 어림짐작, 억측하다, 억측, 쉬운, 폭발하기 쉬운. unreal: 공상의, 실재 하지 않은,
판독, 판독하다. hellish: 가증한, 소름끼치는, 실재하지 않는.
coolness: 냉담, 차가움, 뻔뻔스러움, 지옥같은, 가증스런, 지옥과 같은. unrelenting: 용서 없는,
냉정, 시원함, 무뚝뚝함, 참착, 침작. momentarily: 잠깐, 시시각각, 굽힐줄모르는, 무자비한, 가차없는,
demoniac: 악마와 같은, 악마의, 미친 지금이라도, 즉시, 순간적으로. 용서없는.
듯한, 귀신들린 듯한, 미친 듯한- nerves: 신경 과민, 신경 이상, 근원. vapour: 허풍떨다, 증기, 침울,
귀신들린 듯한. odour: 냄새, 평판, 기미. 증발하다, 부질없는 공상,
diffused: 확산된, 널리 퍼진. unconnected: 관계가 없는, 앞뒤가 발산시키다.
174 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

deadly brink. I threw my straining vision below. The glare from the enkindled
roof illumined its inmost recesses. Yet, for a wild moment, did my spirit refuse to
comprehend the meaning of what I saw. At length it forced -- it wrestled its way
into my soul -- it burned itself in upon my shuddering reason. -- Oh! for a voice
to speak! -- oh! horror! -- oh! any horror but this! With a shriek, I rushed from the
margin, and buried my face in my hands -- weeping bitterly.%
The heat rapidly increased, and once again I looked up, shuddering as with a
fit of the ague. There had been a second change in the cell -- and now the change
was obviously in the form. As before, it was in vain that I, at first, endeavoured
to appreciate or understand what was taking place. But not long was I left in
doubt. The Inquisitorial vengeance had been hurried by my two-fold escape, and
there was to be no more dallying with the King of Terrors. The room had been
square. I saw that two of its iron angles were now acute -- two, consequently,
obtuse. The fearful difference quickly increased with a low rumbling or
moaning sound. In an instant the apartment had shifted its form into that of a
lozenge. But the alteration stopped not here-I neither hoped nor desired it to
stop. I could have clasped the red walls to my bosom as a garment of eternal
peace. “Death,” I said, “any death but that of the pit!” Fool! might I have not
known that into the pit it was the object of the burning iron to urge me? Could I
resist its glow? or, if even that, could I withstand its pressure And now, flatter
and flatter grew the lozenge, with a rapidity that left me no time for
contemplation. Its centre, and of course, its greatest width, came just over the
yawning gulf. I shrank back -- but the closing walls pressed me resistlessly
onward. At length for my seared and writhing body there was no longer an inch
of foothold on the firm floor of the prison. I struggled no more, but the agony of
my soul found vent in one loud, long, and final scream of despair. I felt that I
tottered upon the brink -- I averted my eyes --
There was a discordant hum of human voices! There was a loud blast as of
many trumpets! There was a harsh grating as of a thousand thunders! The fiery
walls rushed back! An outstretched arm caught my own as I fell, fainting, into

Korean
fainting: 기절, 실신, 졸도, 졸도하는, 마름모꼴의 창 유리, 마름모꼴의 vent: 환기용 작은 창, 항문, 터진 구멍,
기철의, 의기소침. 당과, 마름모꼴의 문장 도형, 보석의 터뜨리다, 에 구멍을 내다, 손구멍,
foothold: 발판, 거점, 고무 덧신, 고무 마름모꼴의 면. 빠지는 구멍, 배출구를 찾아내다,
샌들, 근거지. obtuse: 둔각의, 둔한, 머리가 둔한, 배출구, 바람 구멍, 나갈 구멍을
garment: 의복, 옷, 외피, 의복 한 점. 칼날이 무딘, 우둔한, 무딘, 각이 터주다.
glare: 눈에 띄다, 번쩍이는 빛, 무딘, 둔감한. weeping: 드리우는, 가지가 휘늘어진,
날카로운 눈씨, 노려 흘겨 보다, rumbling: 소문, 투덜대기, 우는, 눈물 흘리는, 눈물울 흘리는,
눈부신 빛, 현란함, 얼어 붙은 얼음의 우르르소리내는, 우르르소리, 불평, 눈물을 흘리는, 늘어짐, 배어 나오는,
표면, 야함, 번쩍번쩍 빛나다, 불만. 스며 나오는, 스며 나옴, 울음.
현란하다, 눈을 부릅뜨고 나타나다. vengeance: 복수, 극단으로, 철저하게, withstand: 에 저항하다, 에 잘 견디다,
lozenge: 마름모꼴, 마름모꼴의 면, 원수 갚기, 원수갚기. 저항하다, 견디어내다, 반항하다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 175

the abyss. It was that of General Lasalle. The French army had entered Toledo.
The Inquisition was in the hands of its enemies. %

Korean
abyss: 심연, 혼돈, 지옥, 나락, 끝없이
깊은 구렁.
army: 육군, 군대, 큰 무리, 큰 무리떼,
단체.
hands: 소유, 일군.
176 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

THE PREMATURE BURIAL

There%are certain themes of which the interest is all-absorbing, but which are
too entirely horrible for the purposes of legitimate fiction. These the mere
romanticist must eschew, if he do not wish to offend or to disgust. They are
with propriety handled only when the severity and majesty of Truth sanctify
and sustain them. We thrill, for example, with the most intense of “pleasurable
pain” over the accounts of the Passage of the Beresina, of the Earthquake at
Lisbon, of the Plague at London, of the Massacre of St. Bartholomew, or of the
stifling of the hundred and twenty-three prisoners in the Black Hole at Calcutta.
But in these accounts it is the fact -- it is the reality -- it is the history which
excites. As inventions, we should regard them with simple abhorrence.
I have mentioned some few of the more prominent and august calamities on
record; but in these it is the extent, not less than the character of the calamity,
which so vividly impresses the fancy. I need not remind the reader that, from the
long and weird catalogue of human miseries, I might have selected many
individual instances more replete with essential suffering than any of these vast
generalities of disaster. The true wretchedness, indeed -- the ultimate woe -- is
particular, not diffuse. That the ghastly extremes of agony are endured by man
the unit, and never by man the mass -- for this let us thank a merciful God!

Korean
bartholomew: 바돌로매. merciful: 자비로운. 충분한, 가득찬, 충분히 공급된.
calamity: 재난, 참화, 불행, 비참. offend: 싫은, 감정을 해치다, 죄를 romanticist: 낭만주의자, 로맨틱한
diffuse: 유포한, 발산하다, 산만한, 범하다, 예의 따위를 위반하다, 죄를 사람.
퍼진, 유포시키다, 퍼뜨리다, 퍼지다, 짓게 하다, 정의감 따위를 sanctify: 신성하게 하다, 정당화하다,
흐트러뜨리다, 확산시키다. 손상시키다, 감정을 상하게 하다, 성별화 하다, 정화하다, 죄를 깨끗이
eschew: 피하다. 위반하다, 감각 따위를 손상시키다, 하다.
extremes: 양극단을 이룬 사물, 과오를 범하다, 남의 감정을 상하게 selected: 선택된, 정선된, 선발된.
극단적인 수단, 과격한수단. 하다. severity: 괴로움, 엄격, 간소, 격렬,
horrible: 무서운, 심한, 지겨운, remind: 생각나게 하다, 상기시키다, 모진 경험, 통렬함.
무시무시한, 오싹할 만큼 싫은. 깨우치다, 생각나게하다, 일깨우다. woe: 비애, 재난, 고뇌, 아아,
majesty: 주권, 폐하, 위엄, 장엄. replete: 포식한, 충만한, 포만한, 슬프도다, 고생, 불행.
 Edgar Allan Poe 177

To %be buried while alive is, beyond question, the most terrific of these
extremes which has ever fallen to the lot of mere mortality. That it has
frequently, very frequently, so fallen will scarcely be denied by those who think.
The boundaries which divide Life from Death are at best shadowy and vague.
Who shall say where the one ends, and where the other begins? We know that
there are diseases in which occur total cessations of all the apparent functions of
vitality, and yet in which these cessations are merely suspensions, properly so
called. They are only temporary pauses in the incomprehensible mechanism. A
certain period elapses, and some unseen mysterious principle again sets in
motion the magic pinions and the wizard wheels. The silver cord was not for
ever loosed, nor the golden bowl irreparably broken. But where, meantime, was
the soul?
Apart, however, from the inevitable conclusion, a priori that such causes
must produce such effects, -- that the well-known occurrence of such cases of
suspended animation must naturally give rise, now and then, to premature
interments -- apart from this consideration, we have the direct testimony of
medical and ordinary experience to prove that a vast number of such interments
have actually taken place. I might refer at once, if necessary to a hundred well
authenticated instances. One of very remarkable character, and of which the
circumstances may be fresh in the memory of some of my readers, occurred, not
very long ago, in the neighboring city of Baltimore, where it occasioned a
painful, intense, and widely-extended excitement. The wife of one of the most
respectable citizens-a lawyer of eminence and a member of Congress -- was
seized with a sudden and unaccountable illness, which completely baffled the
skill of her physicians. After much suffering she died, or was supposed to die.
No one suspected, indeed, or had reason to suspect, that she was not actually
dead. She presented all the ordinary appearances of death. The face assumed the
usual pinched and sunken outline. The lips were of the usual marble pallor. The
eyes were lustreless. There was no warmth. Pulsation had ceased. For three days
the body was preserved unburied, during which it had acquired a stony rigidity.
The funeral, in short, was hastened, on account of the rapid advance of what was
supposed to be decomposition.

animation: 생기, 활발, 원기,
만화영화제작, 동화.
decomposition: 분해, 부패, 해체,
용해, 변질, 해제.
eminence: 탁월, 전하, 저명, 언덕,
고귀, 높은곳, 고위, 융기, 높은 곳.
irreparably: 고칠 수 없게.
neighboring: 근처의, 이웃의, 인근의,
근처의 인접한, 인접하고 있는.
occurrence: 사건, 발생, 큰 사건, 대
사건, 사건의 발생, 일어난 일.
Korean
premature: 너무 이른, 때 아닌, 너무 증거, 신의 가르침, 신앙 성명, 성서,
서두른, 조산아, 시기 상조의. 십계명, 고백, 증엄.
pulsation: 맥박, 동계, 맥동, 진동, unburied: 아직 매장되지 않은,
박동, 파동. 무덤에서 발굴된.
sunken: 물밑의, 움푹 들어간, unseen: 눈에 보이지 않는,
가라앉은, 내려앉은, 살이 빠진, 보이지않는, 본적이없는, 아직 본
움푹한. 일이 없는, 즉석의, 보이지 않는 것.
terrific: 무서운, 굉장한, 대단한, wizard: 굉장한, 마술사, 천재,
이상한, 훌륭한, 무시무시하다, 천재적인, 귀재, 마법사, 성현,
무섭다, 소름이 끼치다. 마법의, 놀라운 재능를 가진 사람,
testimony: 증명, 항의, 십계, 증언, 놀라운 솜씨를 가진 사람, 놀라운.
178 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

The lady was deposited in her family vault, which, for three subsequent
years, was undisturbed. At the expiration of this term it was opened for the
reception of a sarcophagus; -- but, alas! how fearful a shock awaited the
husband, who, personally, threw open the door! As its portals swung outwardly
back, some white-apparelled object fell rattling within his arms. It was the
skeleton of his wife in her yet unmoulded shroud.%
A careful investigation rendered it evident that she had revived within two
days after her entombment; that her struggles within the coffin had caused it to
fall from a ledge, or shelf to the floor, where it was so broken as to permit her
escape. A lamp which had been accidentally left, full of oil, within the tomb, was
found empty; it might have been exhausted, however, by evaporation. On the
uttermost of the steps which led down into the dread chamber was a large
fragment of the coffin, with which, it seemed, that she had endeavored to arrest
attention by striking the iron door. While thus occupied, she probably swooned,
or possibly died, through sheer terror; and, in failing, her shroud became
entangled in some iron -- work which projected interiorly. Thus she remained,
and thus she rotted, erect.
In the year 1810, a case of living inhumation happened in France, attended
with circumstances which go far to warrant the assertion that truth is, indeed,
stranger than fiction. The heroine of the story was a Mademoiselle Victorine
Lafourcade, a young girl of illustrious family, of wealth, and of great personal
beauty. Among her numerous suitors was Julien Bossuet, a poor litterateur, or
journalist of Paris. His talents and general amiability had recommended him to
the notice of the heiress, by whom he seems to have been truly beloved; but her
pride of birth decided her, finally, to reject him, and to wed a Monsieur Renelle, a
banker and a diplomatist of some eminence. After marriage, however, this
gentleman neglected, and, perhaps, even more positively ill-treated her. Having
passed with him some wretched years, she died, -- at least her condition so
closely resembled death as to deceive every one who saw her. She was buried --
not in a vault, but in an ordinary grave in the village of her nativity. Filled with
despair, and still inflamed by the memory of a profound attachment, the lover

amiability: 사랑스러움, 온후, 온화,
상냥함, 애교, 친절.
diplomatist: 외교관, 외교가.
evaporation: 증발 작용, 증발량, 탈수,
증발기, 증발 탈수법, 증발 농축,
수분의 제거, 증발, 소실.
heiress: 여자 상속인, 상당한 재산을
상속하는 여자, 상당한 재산을 상속할
여자.
inflamed: 염증을 일으킨, 충혈한,
얼굴이 빨개진, 흥분한.
Korean
inhumation: 매장, 토장, 매장토장. outwardly: 외견상, 표면상, 외면상은,
interiorly: 내밀하게, 내부적으로, 밖으로 향하여, 외면에, 밖을 향하여,
정신적으로. 외부에 대하여, 바깥쪽에,
litterateur: 문인, 문학자. 외부적으로.
nativity: 출생, 탄생, 그리스도, sarcophagus: 석관.
크리스마스, 예수탄생, 성모마리아의 shroud: 덮개, 수의, 양옆뱃전에 버틴
탄생세례자 요한 탄생축일, 사람의 돛대줄, 싸는 것, 양 옆뱃전에 버틴
탄생시의 천궁도크리스마스, 돛대줄, 지하 예배당, 돛대 밧줄,
그리스도 탄생의 그림, 그리스도 측판, 수의를 입히다, 가리다.
성탄절, 그리스도 성탄, 탄생시의 uttermost: 가장 멀리 떨어진, 최대
천궁도. 한도의, 최대 한도.
 Edgar Allan Poe 179

journeys%from the capital to the remote province in which the village lies, with
the romantic purpose of disinterring the corpse, and possessing himself of its
luxuriant tresses. He reaches the grave. At midnight he unearths the coffin,
opens it, and is in the act of detaching the hair, when he is arrested by the
unclosing of the beloved eyes. In fact, the lady had been buried alive. Vitality
had not altogether departed, and she was aroused by the caresses of her lover
from the lethargy which had been mistaken for death. He bore her frantically to
his lodgings in the village. He employed certain powerful restoratives suggested
by no little medical learning. In fine, she revived. She recognized her preserver.
She remained with him until, by slow degrees, she fully recovered her original
health. Her woman’s heart was not adamant, and this last lesson of love sufficed
to soften it. She bestowed it upon Bossuet. She returned no more to her husband,
but, concealing from him her resurrection, fled with her lover to America.
Twenty years afterward, the two returned to France, in the persuasion that time
had so greatly altered the lady’s appearance that her friends would be unable to
recognize her. They were mistaken, however, for, at the first meeting, Monsieur
Renelle did actually recognize and make claim to his wife. This claim she
resisted, and a judicial tribunal sustained her in her resistance, deciding that the
peculiar circumstances, with the long lapse of years, had extinguished, not only
equitably, but legally, the authority of the husband.
The “Chirurgical Journal” of Leipsic -- a periodical of high authority and
merit, which some American bookseller would do well to translate and
republish, records in a late number a very distressing event of the character in
question.
An officer of artillery, a man of gigantic stature and of robust health, being
thrown from an unmanageable horse, received a very severe contusion upon the
head, which rendered him insensible at once; the skull was slightly fractured, but
no immediate danger was apprehended. Trepanning was accomplished
successfully. He was bled, and many other of the ordinary means of relief were
adopted. Gradually, however, he fell into a more and more hopeless state of
stupor, and, finally, it was thought that he died.

artillery: 포술, 포병, 포학, 대포, 포,
포병과의, 포의, 포술의, 포병과.
bled: 물집의, 거품의.
bookseller: 책장수, 서가, 책선반,
서적상.
contusion: 타박상, 멍듦.
equitably: 공정하게, 정당하게,
형법상으로 유효하게.
legally: 법률의, 합법적인.
periodical: 정기 간행물, 정기 간행의,
주율, 주기성, 일간 신문을 제외한
Korean
정기 간행물, 간헐적인, 단속적인, 시체의 도굴, 전인류의 부활, 재유행,
시대의, 주기 운동을 하는, 도미문. 예수의 부활, 발굴, 부흥, 시체 따위의
persuasion: 설득, 확신, 종류, 종파, 도굴, 생각의 영화, 부훙.
신념, 종지. soften: 부드럽게 하다, 저항력을
preserver: 구조자, 보호자, 통조림 약화시키다, 연성으로 하다, 상냥하게
업자, 보존자, 설탕조림 업자, 엽조수 하다, 저항력을 약화 시키다, 연하게
보호자. 하다, 연약하게 하다, 덜다,
republish: 재판하다, 재공포하다, 누그러지다, 누그러지게 하다, 낮게
재발행하다, 다시 공포하다, 하다.
번각하다, 취소를 해제하다. stature: 발달, 신장 성장, 키, 성장,
resurrection: 부활, 그리스도의 부활, 성장도.
180 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

The weather was warm, and he was buried with indecent haste in one of the
public cemeteries. His funeral took place on Thursday. On the Sunday following,
the grounds of the cemetery were, as usual, much thronged with visiters, and
about noon an intense excitement was created by the declaration of a peasant
that, while sitting upon the grave of the officer, he had distinctly felt a
commotion of the earth, as if occasioned by some one struggling beneath. At first
little attention was paid to the man’s asseveration; but his evident terror, and the
dogged obstinacy with which he persisted in his story, had at length their
natural effect upon the crowd. Spades were hurriedly procured, and the grave,
which was shamefully shallow, was in a few minutes so far thrown open that
the head of its occupant appeared. He was then seemingly dead; but he sat
nearly erect within his coffin, the lid of which, in his furious struggles, he had
partially uplifted.%
He was forthwith conveyed to the nearest hospital, and there pronounced to
be still living, although in an asphytic condition. After some hours he revived,
recognized individuals of his acquaintance, and, in broken sentences spoke of his
agonies in the grave.
From what he related, it was clear that he must have been conscious of life for
more than an hour, while inhumed, before lapsing into insensibility. The grave
was carelessly and loosely filled with an exceedingly porous soil; and thus some
air was necessarily admitted. He heard the footsteps of the crowd overhead, and
endeavored to make himself heard in turn. It was the tumult within the grounds
of the cemetery, he said, which appeared to awaken him from a deep sleep, but
no sooner was he awake than he became fully aware of the awful horrors of his
position.
This patient, it is recorded, was doing well and seemed to be in a fair way of
ultimate recovery, but fell a victim to the quackeries of medical experiment. The
galvanic battery was applied, and he suddenly expired in one of those ecstatic
paroxysms which, occasionally, it superinduces.
The mention of the galvanic battery, nevertheless, recalls to my memory a
well known and very extraordinary case in point, where its action proved the

Korean
asseveration: 단언, 서언. 꼴사나운, 상스러운, 음란한, 천한, occupant: 가옥의 점유자, 토지, 가옥
cemetery: 공동묘지, 묘지, 매장지. 추잡한, 꼴불견의, 부적당한. 따위의 점유자, 방 따위의 점유자,
coffin: 관, 관에 넣다, 낡은 배, lid: 뚜껑, 눈꺼풀, 모자, 덮개, 규제. 지위 따위의 점유자, 토지 따위의
납관하다, 널, 말굽뼈. loosely: 엉성하게, 매지않게, 풀리게, 점유자의, 점유자.
commotion: 동요, 폭동, 격동, 동란, 막연히, 짜임새 없이, 느슨하게. porous: 작은 구멍이 많은, 삼투성의,
소동, 소요. noon: 정오, 정오의, 전성기, 점심을 구멍이 있는, 구멍이 많은.
dogged: 완고한. 먹다, 한밤중, 한낮, 야반, 결정, 낮 pronounced: 뚜렷한, 명백한, 단호한.
ecstatic: 무아경의, 희열에 넘친, 휴식을 취하다절정에 달하다, 정오에 shallow: 얕은, 천박한, 얕게 하다,
황홀한, 황홀한 도취하는 사람, 하는, 최고점. 물이 얕은 곳, 여울, 모래 톱.
완전히 마음이 팔린, 열중한, 무아경. obstinacy: 난치, 완고, 고집, 완고한 shamefully: 부끄러운, 창피한.
indecent: 버릇없는, 점잖지 못한, 언행, 병의 난치. spades: 스페이드 한 벌.
 Edgar Allan Poe 181

means of restoring to animation a young attorney of London, who had been

interred for two days. This occurred in 1831, and created, at the time, a very
profound sensation wherever it was made the subject of converse.%
The patient, Mr. Edward Stapleton, had died, apparently of typhus fever,
accompanied with some anomalous symptoms which had excited the curiosity
of his medical attendants. Upon his seeming decease, his friends were requested
to sanction a post-mortem examination, but declined to permit it. As often
happens, when such refusals are made, the practitioners resolved to disinter the
body and dissect it at leisure, in private. Arrangements were easily effected with
some of the numerous corps of body-snatchers, with which London abounds;
and, upon the third night after the funeral, the supposed corpse was unearthed
from a grave eight feet deep, and deposited in the opening chamber of one of the
private hospitals.
An incision of some extent had been actually made in the abdomen, when
the fresh and undecayed appearance of the subject suggested an application of
the battery. One experiment succeeded another, and the customary effects
supervened, with nothing to characterize them in any respect, except, upon one
or two occasions, a more than ordinary degree of life-likeness in the convulsive
action.
It grew late. The day was about to dawn; and it was thought expedient, at
length, to proceed at once to the dissection. A student, however, was especially
desirous of testing a theory of his own, and insisted upon applying the battery to
one of the pectoral muscles. A rough gash was made, and a wire hastily brought
in contact, when the patient, with a hurried but quite unconvulsive movement,
arose from the table, stepped into the middle of the floor, gazed about him
uneasily for a few seconds, and then -- spoke. What he said was unintelligible,
but words were uttered; the syllabification was distinct. Having spoken, he fell
heavily to the floor.
For some moments all were paralyzed with awe -- but the urgency of the case
soon restored them their presence of mind. It was seen that Mr. Stapleton was
alive, although in a swoon. Upon exhibition of ether he revived and was rapidly

Korean
abdomen: 배, 복부. dissection: 해부체, 절개, 해부, 개석, pectoral: 가슴의, 폐병의,
anomalous: 변칙의, 이례의, 예외적인, 정밀한 분석, 분류 구분, 해체, 정밀한 가슴지느러미, 폐병에 듣는,
파격의, 변태적인. 음미, 해부모형. 주관적인, 가슴장식, 가슴을
characterize: 특성을 나타내다, 특성을 gash: 깊이 갈라진 틈, 깊은 상처, 입, 장식하는, 특히 유태 고승의
부여하다, 성격을 묘사하다, 을 특징 찌꺼기, 여분의, 깊은 상처를 입히다, 가슴장식.
지우다, 의 특색이 되다, 특징을 깔끔한, 빈틈없는, 쓰레기, 에 깊은 post-mortem: 사후의, 검시, 검시
나타내다, 성격을 부여하다. 상처를 입히다, 재치있는. 해부, 검시해부.
disinter: 발굴하다. incision: 베기, 베다, 새기기, 새기다, sanction: 재가, 제재, 지지, 인가,
dissect: 해부하다, 분석하다, 상세히 절개, 조각하다, 파기, 째기, 짼데, 국제적 제제, 상벌, 인가하다, 제재
분석하다, 상세히 비평하다, 결각렬, 자르기. 규정을 두다, 법의 강제력, 재가하다.
절개하다. occasions: 용무. typhus: 발진티푸스.
182 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

restored to health, and to the society of his friends -- from whom, however, all
knowledge of his resuscitation was withheld, until a relapse was no longer to be
apprehended. Their wonder -- their rapturous astonishment -- may be
conceived.%
The most thrilling peculiarity of this incident, nevertheless, is involved in
what Mr. S. himself asserts. He declares that at no period was he altogether
insensible -- that, dully and confusedly, he was aware of everything which
happened to him, from the moment in which he was pronounced dead by his
physicians, to that in which he fell swooning to the floor of the hospital. “I am
alive,” were the uncomprehended words which, upon recognizing the locality of
the dissecting-room, he had endeavored, in his extremity, to utter.
It were an easy matter to multiply such histories as these -- but I forbear --
for, indeed, we have no need of such to establish the fact that premature
interments occur. When we reflect how very rarely, from the nature of the case,
we have it in our power to detect them, we must admit that they may frequently
occur without our cognizance. Scarcely, in truth, is a graveyard ever encroached
upon, for any purpose, to any great extent, that skeletons are not found in
postures which suggest the most fearful of suspicions.
Fearful indeed the suspicion -- but more fearful the doom! It may be asserted,
without hesitation, that no event is so terribly well adapted to inspire the
supremeness of bodily and of mental distress, as is burial before death. The
unendurable oppression of the lungs -- the stifling fumes from the damp earth --
the clinging to the death garments -- the rigid embrace of the narrow house --
the blackness of the absolute Night -- the silence like a sea that overwhelms -- the
unseen but palpable presence of the Conqueror Worm -- these things, with the
thoughts of the air and grass above, with memory of dear friends who would fly
to save us if but informed of our fate, and with consciousness that of this fate
they can never be informed -- that our hopeless portion is that of the really dead -
- these considerations, I say, carry into the heart, which still palpitates, a degree
of appalling and intolerable horror from which the most daring imagination
must recoil. We know of nothing so agonizing upon Earth -- we can dream of

Korean
agonizing: 고민하는, 고민을 주는, 불어넣다, 영감을 주다, 숨을 들이
괴롭히는, 괴로워하는. 쉬다, 숨을 들이쉬다, 일어나게하다,
clinging: 남에게 의존하는, 몸에 착 빨아들이다, 지시를 주다, 고취하다,
붙는, 달라 붙는, 끈덕진, 감겨 붙는, 감격시키다.
들러붙는, 몸의 윤곽이 드러나는, locality: 장소, 산지, 위치, 현장,
밀착성의. 지방성, 풍습 등의 지방성, 부근,
dully: 둔하게, 멍청하게, 느리게, 소재지.
지루하게, 활발치 못하게, 느럭느럭. multiply: 곱하다, 번식하다, 늘리다,
garments: 옷. 번식시키다, 증가시키다.
graveyard: 묘지, 묘소. oppression: 압박, 우울, 압제, 답답함,
inspire: 고무하다, 시사하다, 고난.
rapturous: 미칠듯이 기뻐하는, 기뻐
날뛰는, 열광적인, 기뻐날뛰는.
recoil: 뒷걸음질, 반동, 뒷걸음질치다,
되튀다, 위축, 되튀기, 진저리침,
공무니빼다, 혐오, 다시 감다,
퇴각하다.
relapse: 재발, 타락, 되돌아감, 퇴보,
병이 도지다, 도짐, 다시 나쁜길에
빠지다, 되돌아가다, 타락하다, 병의
재발, 원상태로 되돌아가다.
resuscitation: 소생, 부흥, 회복, 부활.
 Edgar Allan Poe 183

nothing half so hideous in the realms of the nethermost Hell. And thus all
narratives upon this topic have an interest profound; an interest, nevertheless,
which, through the sacred awe of the topic itself, very properly and very
peculiarly depends upon our conviction of the truth of the matter narrated.
What I have now to tell is of my own actual knowledge -- of my own positive
and personal experience.%
For several years I had been subject to attacks of the singular disorder which
physicians have agreed to term catalepsy, in default of a more definitive title.
Although both the immediate and the predisposing causes, and even the actual
diagnosis, of this disease are still mysterious, its obvious and apparent character
is sufficiently well understood. Its variations seem to be chiefly of degree.
Sometimes the patient lies, for a day only, or even for a shorter period, in a
species of exaggerated lethargy. He is senseless and externally motionless; but
the pulsation of the heart is still faintly perceptible; some traces of warmth
remain; a slight color lingers within the centre of the cheek; and, upon
application of a mirror to the lips, we can detect a torpid, unequal, and
vacillating action of the lungs. Then again the duration of the trance is for weeks
-- even for months; while the closest scrutiny, and the most rigorous medical
tests, fail to establish any material distinction between the state of the sufferer
and what we conceive of absolute death. Very usually he is saved from
premature interment solely by the knowledge of his friends that he has been
previously subject to catalepsy, by the consequent suspicion excited, and, above
all, by the non-appearance of decay. The advances of the malady are, luckily,
gradual. The first manifestations, although marked, are unequivocal. The fits
grow successively more and more distinctive, and endure each for a longer term
than the preceding. In this lies the principal security from inhumation. The
unfortunate whose first attack should be of the extreme character which is
occasionally seen, would almost inevitably be consigned alive to the tomb.
My own case differed in no important particular from those mentioned in
medical books. Sometimes, without any apparent cause, I sank, little by little,
into a condition of hemi-syncope, or half swoon; and, in this condition, without

Korean
catalepsy: 경직증, 강직증. endure: 지탱하다, 견디다, 참다, 겪다, senseless: 무감각한, 무분별한,
consequent: 귀결, 결과의, 논리상 인내하다, 받다, 받다-인내하다, 무의식의, 몰상식한, 무감각의,
필연의, 후건, 당연한결과, 후항, 허용하다. 무의미한.
후율, 단안, 당연한, externally: 외부에서, 외부적으로, successively: 연속적으로, 잇따라서,
결과로서일어나는, 결과로서 생기는. 외면상. 잇달아서.
decay: 부패하다, 부패, 썩다, interment: 매장, 토장. torpid: 마비된, 무감각한, 활발치
쇠미하다, 쇠미, 쇠하다, 부식하다, nethermost: 맨 밑쪽의, 가장아래의, 않은, 오크스퍼르드 대학의 춘계 보트
자연 붕괴하다, 부식, 부패시키다. 가장 깊은 곳의, 최하의. 레이스, 움직이지 않는, 동면하는.
definitive: 결정적인, 최종적인, peculiarly: 특히, 독특하게, 각별히, vacillating: 동요하는, 망설이는, 우유
한정적인, 완전히 발달한 형태의, 괴이하게, 색다르게, 개인적으로. 부단한, 우유부단한, 결단성이 없는,
보통 우표의, 일정한. preceding: 선행하는, 앞의, 전술한. 진동하는.
184 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

pain, without ability to stir, or, strictly speaking, to think, but with a dull
lethargic consciousness of life and of the presence of those who surrounded my
bed, I remained, until the crisis of the disease restored me, suddenly, to perfect
sensation. At other times I was quickly and impetuously smitten. I grew sick,
and numb, and chilly, and dizzy, and so fell prostrate at once. Then, for weeks,
all was void, and black, and silent, and Nothing became the universe. Total
annihilation could be no more. From these latter attacks I awoke, however, with
a gradation slow in proportion to the suddenness of the seizure. Just as the day
dawns to the friendless and houseless beggar who roams the streets throughout
the long desolate winter night -- just so tardily -- just so wearily -- just so
cheerily came back the light of the Soul to me.%
Apart from the tendency to trance, however, my general health appeared to
be good; nor could I perceive that it was at all affected by the one prevalent
malady -- unless, indeed, an idiosyncrasy in my ordinary sleep may be looked
upon as superinduced. Upon awaking from slumber, I could never gain, at once,
thorough possession of my senses, and always remained, for many minutes, in
much bewilderment and perplexity; -- the mental faculties in general, but the
memory in especial, being in a condition of absolute abeyance.
In all that I endured there was no physical suffering but of moral distress an
infinitude. My fancy grew charnel, I talked “of worms, of tombs, and epitaphs.” I
was lost in reveries of death, and the idea of premature burial held continual
possession of my brain. The ghastly Danger to which I was subjected haunted me
day and night. In the former, the torture of meditation was excessive -- in the
latter, supreme. When the grim Darkness overspread the Earth, then, with every
horror of thought, I shook -- shook as the quivering plumes upon the hearse.
When Nature could endure wakefulness no longer, it was with a struggle that I
consented to sleep -- for I shuddered to reflect that, upon awaking, I might find
myself the tenant of a grave. And when, finally, I sank into slumber, it was only
to rush at once into a world of phantasms, above which, with vast, sable,
overshadowing wing, hovered, predominant, the one sepulchral Idea.

Korean
awoke: 깨우다의 과거분사. 으스스한, 추위를 타는.
beggar: 거지, 악한-거지로 만들다, friendless: 친지가 없는, 벗이 없는,
가난뱅이, 가난하게 하다, 무력하게 친구가 없는.
하다, 놈, 기부금을 모으는 사람, hearse: 영구차, 무덤, 관가, 대형 촉대.
빈약하게 하다, 가난들게 하다. houseless: 집 없는, 집이 없는.
bewilderment: 당황. lethargic: 졸린, 노곤한, 혼수상태,
burial: 매장. 기면증의, 기면성의.
cheerily: 명랑하게, 기분 좋게, numb: 마비된, 감각을 잃은, 언, 무딘,
기분좋게, 기운 좋게, 기운좋게. 곱은, 감각을 잃게 하다, 감각을
chilly: 냉담한, 냉랭하게, 냉랭한, 잃게하다, 마비시키다, 무감각하게
오싹한, 차가운, 하기가 나는, 찬, 된, 완화시키다, 의 감각을 잃게 하다.
quivering: 진동하는, 떨고 있는,
떨리는.
seizure: 압류, 강탈, 잡음, 발작,
붙잡음.
sepulchral: 무덤의, 음침한, 무덤
같은, 매장에 관한.
smitten: 깊이 감동된, 세게 맞은.
tardily: 느리게, 완만하게.
wakefulness: 잠이 오지 않음.
wearily: 지쳐서, 피곤한 듯이,
싫증나서, 질려서, 질려서 물려서.
 Edgar Allan Poe 185

From the innumerable images of gloom which thus oppressed me in dreams,

I select for record but a solitary vision. Methought I was immersed in a cataleptic
trance of more than usual duration and profundity. Suddenly there came an icy
hand upon my forehead, and an impatient, gibbering voice whispered the word
“Arise!” within my ear.%
I sat erect. The darkness was total. I could not see the figure of him who had
aroused me. I could call to mind neither the period at which I had fallen into the
trance, nor the locality in which I then lay. While I remained motionless, and
busied in endeavors to collect my thought, the cold hand grasped me fiercely by
the wrist, shaking it petulantly, while the gibbering voice said again:
“Arise! did I not bid thee arise?”
“And who,” I demanded, “art thou?”
“I have no name in the regions which I inhabit,” replied the voice,
mournfully; “I was mortal, but am fiend. I was merciless, but am pitiful. Thou
dost feel that I shudder. -- My teeth chatter as I speak, yet it is not with the
chilliness of the night -- of the night without end. But this hideousness is
insufferable. How canst thou tranquilly sleep? I cannot rest for the cry of these
great agonies. These sights are more than I can bear. Get thee up! Come with me
into the outer Night, and let me unfold to thee the graves. Is not this a spectacle
of woe? -- Behold!”
I looked; and the unseen figure, which still grasped me by the wrist, had
caused to be thrown open the graves of all mankind, and from each issued the
faint phosphoric radiance of decay, so that I could see into the innermost
recesses, and there view the shrouded bodies in their sad and solemn slumbers
with the worm. But alas! the real sleepers were fewer, by many millions, than
those who slumbered not at all; and there was a feeble struggling; and there was
a general sad unrest; and from out the depths of the countless pits there came a
melancholy rustling from the garments of the buried. And of those who seemed
tranquilly to repose, I saw that a vast number had changed, in a greater or less
degree, the rigid and uneasy position in which they had originally been
entombed. And the voice again said to me as I gazed:

Korean
cataleptic: 강직증의, 강직증의 fiercely: 맹렬하게, 지독하게, 사납게. phosphoric: 인의, 인 모양의, 인을
강직증의 환자. graves: 포도주, 그라부산. 함유하는, 특히 오가의 인의.
chatter: 재잘거리다, 졸졸 흐르다, hideousness: 보기만 해도 무서움. pitiful: 불쌍한, 인정 많은, 비루한,
끽끽 우는 소리, 재잘거림, icy: 얼음의, 얼음 같은, 냉담한, 얼음이 가련하게 여겨야 할, 인정이 많은,
끽끽거리다, 달각달각 소리내다, 딱딱 찬, 얼음이 많은, 쌀쌀한, 얼음으로 불쌍히 여겨야 할, 동정심이 많은.
맞부딪치다, 딱딱소리, 수다, 덮인. spectacle: 구경거리, 안경, 광경, 장관,
수다쟁이, 잘 지저귀는새. immersed: 열중해서, 잠긴, 물속에서 보기에 도 지겨운 것, 타자의 재차의
chilliness: 냉기, 냉담, 한기. 자라는. 무득점, 보기에 도 딱한 것.
countless: 무수한, 셀 수 없이 많은, innermost: 맨 안쪽의, 가장 깊숙한 unfold: 펴다, 열다, 열리다, 펼쳐지다,
셀수 없는, 셀 수 없는. 곳, 가장 깊은 속의. 나타내다, 울에서 내놓다, 펴기.
dost: 직설법, 현재. merciless: 무자비한, 용서없는. unrest: 불안, 불온, 근심.
186 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

“Is it not -- oh! is it not a pitiful sight?” -- but, before I could find words to
reply, the figure had ceased to grasp my wrist, the phosphoric lights expired,
and the graves were closed with a sudden violence, while from out them arose a
tumult of despairing cries, saying again: “Is it not -- O, God, is it not a very pitiful
sight?”%
Phantasies such as these, presenting themselves at night, extended their
terrific influence far into my waking hours. My nerves became thoroughly
unstrung, and I fell a prey to perpetual horror. I hesitated to ride, or to walk, or
to indulge in any exercise that would carry me from home. In fact, I no longer
dared trust myself out of the immediate presence of those who were aware of my
proneness to catalepsy, lest, falling into one of my usual fits, I should be buried
before my real condition could be ascertained. I doubted the care, the fidelity of
my dearest friends. I dreaded that, in some trance of more than customary
duration, they might be prevailed upon to regard me as irrecoverable. I even
went so far as to fear that, as I occasioned much trouble, they might be glad to
consider any very protracted attack as sufficient excuse for getting rid of me
altogether. It was in vain they endeavored to reassure me by the most solemn
promises. I exacted the most sacred oaths, that under no circumstances they
would bury me until decomposition had so materially advanced as to render
farther preservation impossible. And, even then, my mortal terrors would listen
to no reason -- would accept no consolation. I entered into a series of elaborate
precautions. Among other things, I had the family vault so remodelled as to
admit of being readily opened from within. The slightest pressure upon a long
lever that extended far into the tomb would cause the iron portal to fly back.
There were arrangements also for the free admission of air and light, and
convenient receptacles for food and water, within immediate reach of the coffin
intended for my reception. This coffin was warmly and softly padded, and was
provided with a lid, fashioned upon the principle of the vault-door, with the
addition of springs so contrived that the feeblest movement of the body would
be sufficient to set it at liberty. Besides all this, there was suspended from the
roof of the tomb, a large bell, the rope of which, it was designed, should extend
through a hole in the coffin, and so be fastened to one of the hands of the corpse.

Korean
bury: 묻다, 몰두하게하다, 기쁘게하다.
장사지내다, 몰두하다, 숨기다, 잊다, irrecoverable: 돌이킬 수 없는, 회복할
파묻다, 덮어서 숨기다. 수 없는, 회복하기 어려운.
consolation: 위로, 위자, 위안이 되는 lever: 지렛대, 수단, 지레로 비틀어
것, 위안이 되는것, 위안, 위안의, 열다, 지레로 움직이다, 지레를 쓰다,
위문의. 목적 달성의 수단, 지레.
indulge: 빠지다, 탐닉하다, liberty: 자유, 멋대로함, 자유구역,
지불유예를 주다, 실컷 마시다, 방종, 시효로 얻은 특권, 칙허로 얻은
어하다, 마음대로 하게하다, 술을 특권, 특권, 할 자유.
많이 마시다, 버릇없이 가르다, portal: 입구, 문, 간문의, 앞 현관.
만족시키다, 대사를 베풀다, preservation: 보존, 방부, 보호, 저장.
reassure: 재보증하다, 안심시키다,
다시 자신을 갖게하다, 다시 용기를
내게 하다, 에게 힘을 북돋우다.
sacred: 신성한, 종교적인, 모신,
바쳐진, 바친, 신성 불가침의, 신의
사자인, 전용되는.
waking: 깨어 있는, 몽상.
warmly: 충심으로, 열심히, 따뜻하게,
흥분하여, 열렬히, 따뜻이.
wrist: 손목, 손목 관절, 손재주,
피스톤핀, 손목의, 손목을 써서.
 Edgar Allan Poe 187

But, %alas? what avails the vigilance against the Destiny of man? Not even these
well-contrived securities sufficed to save from the uttermost agonies of living
inhumation, a wretch to these agonies foredoomed!
There arrived an epoch -- as often before there had arrived -- in which I found
myself emerging from total unconsciousness into the first feeble and indefinite
sense of existence. Slowly -- with a tortoise gradation -- approached the faint
gray dawn of the psychal day. A torpid uneasiness. An apathetic endurance of
dull pain. No care -- no hope -- no effort. Then, after a long interval, a ringing in
the ears; then, after a lapse still longer, a prickling or tingling sensation in the
extremities; then a seemingly eternal period of pleasurable quiescence, during
which the awakening feelings are struggling into thought; then a brief re-sinking
into non-entity; then a sudden recovery. At length the slight quivering of an
eyelid, and immediately thereupon, an electric shock of a terror, deadly and
indefinite, which sends the blood in torrents from the temples to the heart. And
now the first positive effort to think. And now the first endeavor to remember.
And now a partial and evanescent success. And now the memory has so far
regained its dominion, that, in some measure, I am cognizant of my state. I feel
that I am not awaking from ordinary sleep. I recollect that I have been subject to
catalepsy. And now, at last, as if by the rush of an ocean, my shuddering spirit is
overwhelmed by the one grim Danger -- by the one spectral and ever-prevalent
idea.
For some minutes after this fancy possessed me, I remained without motion.
And why? I could not summon courage to move. I dared not make the effort
which was to satisfy me of my fate -- and yet there was something at my heart
which whispered me it was sure. Despair -- such as no other species of
wretchedness ever calls into being -- despair alone urged me, after long
irresolution, to uplift the heavy lids of my eyes. I uplifted them. It was dark -- all
dark. I knew that the fit was over. I knew that the crisis of my disorder had long
passed. I knew that I had now fully recovered the use of my visual faculties --
and yet it was dark -- all dark -- the intense and utter raylessness of the Night
that endureth for evermore.

Korean
apathetic: 무감동한, 냉담한, 잔인한, 얼굴이 무서운, 완강한.
무감각한. irresolution: 우유 부단한, 결단력
evanescent: 덧없는, 무한소의, 사라져 없는, 결단성이 없음.
가는, 순간의, 지극히 미미한, 곧 recollect: 다시 모으다, 회상하다,
시들어 떨어지는, 섬세한, 사라지는. 가라앉히다, 생각해 내다, 생각나다,
eyelid: 눈꺼풀, 눈두덩. 기억나다, 북돋우다, 진정시키다,
foredoomed: 미리 운명을 정하는. 냉정하게 하다, 다시 불러일으키다,
gray: 회색, 음침한, 원숙한, 늙은, 상기다.
박명, 창백한, 백발의, 황혼, 회색의, ringing: 울리는, 울려퍼지는, 울림,
그레이, 노년의. 공명, 이명.
grim: 엄한, 무서운, 불굴의, 험상궂은, summon: 소집하다, 불러 일으키다,
요구하다, 호출하다, 에게 항복을
권고하다, 소환하다, 에 권유하다.
tortoise: 거북, 느림보, 귀갑 모양의 큰
방패, 귀갑대, 남생이.
uplift: 들어올리다, 향상시키다,
고양하다, 들어올림, 향상, 고양,
브래지어의 일종, 외치다, 융기, 의
정신을 앙양하다.
vigilance: 불침번, 경계, 불면증, 철야,
조심, 불면, 각성 상태, 각성 활동,
각성.
188 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

I endeavored to shriek-, and my lips and my parched tongue moved

convulsively together in the attempt -- but no voice issued from the cavernous
lungs, which oppressed as if by the weight of some incumbent mountain, gasped
and palpitated, with the heart, at every elaborate and struggling inspiration.%
The movement of the jaws, in this effort to cry aloud, showed me that they
were bound up, as is usual with the dead. I felt, too, that I lay upon some hard
substance, and by something similar my sides were, also, closely compressed. So
far, I had not ventured to stir any of my limbs -- but now I violently threw up my
arms, which had been lying at length, with the wrists crossed. They struck a solid
wooden substance, which extended above my person at an elevation of not more
than six inches from my face. I could no longer doubt that I reposed within a
coffin at last.
And now, amid all my infinite miseries, came sweetly the cherub Hope -- for
I thought of my precautions. I writhed, and made spasmodic exertions to force
open the lid: it would not move. I felt my wrists for the bell-rope: it was not to be
found. And now the Comforter fled for ever, and a still sterner Despair reigned
triumphant; for I could not help perceiving the absence of the paddings which I
had so carefully prepared -- and then, too, there came suddenly to my nostrils
the strong peculiar odor of moist earth. The conclusion was irresistible. I was not
within the vault. I had fallen into a trance while absent from home-while among
strangers -- when, or how, I could not remember -- and it was they who had
buried me as a dog -- nailed up in some common coffin -- and thrust deep, deep,
and for ever, into some ordinary and nameless grave.
As this awful conviction forced itself, thus, into the innermost chambers of
my soul, I once again struggled to cry aloud. And in this second endeavor I
succeeded. A long, wild, and continuous shriek, or yell of agony, resounded
through the realms of the subterranean Night.
“Hillo! hillo, there!” said a gruff voice, in reply.
“What the devil’s the matter now!” said a second.
“Get out o’ that!” said a third.

absent: 결석의, 없는, 부재의, 멍청한,
멍하게, 결근의, 결근하다, 결석하다,
결여된, 멍한, 출타중인.
cavernous: 동굴이 많은, 동굴 같은,
깊은, 움푹 들어간, 움푹한, 동굴에서
나오는 듯한.
grave: 수수한, 무덤, 명심하다,
새기다, 중대한, 진지한, 묘혈,
심각한, 중요한, 예사롭지 않은,
침침한.
gruff: 거친, 난폭한, 쉰 목소리의, 거친
Korean
목소리의. 있는, 말라 있는, 목이 칼칼하게 마른.
inches: 신장. spasmodic: 경련의, 흥분한, 발작적인,
infinite: 무한의, 막대한, 끝없는, 경련성의.
무한대, 부정의, 부정형의, 무한한 struggling: 분투하는, 생활고와
공간, 무한량, 완전무결한, 무한, 싸우는, 기를쓰는, 발버둥치는,
무수한. 노력하는.
longer: 더 길게. sweetly: 상냥하게, 달게, 귀엽게,
moist: 습한, 눅눅한, 비가 많은, 향기롭게, 기분 좋게, 기분좋게, 잘
습기찬. 들어, 아름답게.
parched: 목이 마른, 목마른, 구운, triumphant: 의기양양한, 승리를 거둔,
바짝 마른, 볶은, 지면 따위 말라 의기 양양한, 승리를 얻은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 189

“What do you mean by yowling in that ere kind of style, like a cattymount?”
said a fourth; and hereupon I was seized and shaken without ceremony, for
several minutes, by a junto of very rough-looking individuals. They did not
arouse me from my slumber -- for I was wide awake when I screamed -- but they
restored me to the full possession of my memory.%
This adventure occurred near Richmond, in Virginia. Accompanied by a
friend, I had proceeded, upon a gunning expedition, some miles down the banks
of the James River. Night approached, and we were overtaken by a storm. The
cabin of a small sloop lying at anchor in the stream, and laden with garden
mould, afforded us the only available shelter. We made the best of it, and passed
the night on board. I slept in one of the only two berths in the vessel -- and the
berths of a sloop of sixty or twenty tons need scarcely be described. That which I
occupied had no bedding of any kind. Its extreme width was eighteen inches.
The distance of its bottom from the deck overhead was precisely the same. I
found it a matter of exceeding difficulty to squeeze myself in. Nevertheless, I
slept soundly, and the whole of my vision -- for it was no dream, and no
nightmare -- arose naturally from the circumstances of my position -- from my
ordinary bias of thought -- and from the difficulty, to which I have alluded, of
collecting my senses, and especially of regaining my memory, for a long time
after awaking from slumber. The men who shook me were the crew of the sloop,
and some laborers engaged to unload it. From the load itself came the earthly
smell. The bandage about the jaws was a silk handkerchief in which I had bound
up my head, in default of my customary nightcap.
The tortures endured, however, were indubitably quite equal for the time, to
those of actual sepulture. They were fearfully -- they were inconceivably
hideous; but out of Evil proceeded Good; for their very excess wrought in my
spirit an inevitable revulsion. My soul acquired tone -- acquired temper. I went
abroad. I took vigorous exercise. I breathed the free air of Heaven. I thought
upon other subjects than Death. I discarded my medical books. “Buchan” I
burned. I read no “Night Thoughts” -- no fustian about churchyards -- no
bugaboo tales -- such as this. In short, I became a new man, and lived a man’s

Korean
acquired: 획득한, 습득한, 후천적인. 천의, 과대한, 야단스러운, 과장한 말, 모자, 더블헤더때의 뒷시합, 마지막
anchor: 닻, 정착시키다, 힘이 되는 것 퍼스티언 천. 시합, 자기 전에 마시는 술.
닻을 내려 멈추다, 힘이되는 것최종 gunning: 총사냥, 총렵, 사격. revulsion: 격변, 회수, 유도법, 혐오감,
주자, 닻의, 의지할 힘이 되는 것, handkerchief: 손수건. 잡아뗌, 되돌아감, 급변, 급격한 반동,
야구 팀에서 제일가는 강타자, 맨 끝 inconceivably: 상상도 할 수 없는, 극도의 불쾌감, 반감, 극도의 반감.
사람, 닻을 내리다, 닻으로 믿어지지 않는. sepulture: 매장, 무덤, 묘소.
고정시키다, 주저앉다. indubitably: 명백하게, 확실하게. sloop: 외대박이 돛배, 슬루프형의
bedding: 침구, 토대, 성층, 깃, 기반, junto: 비밀 결사단, 음모단, 정치상의 범선.
화단용의, 깔짚, 깔깃. 비밀결사, 비밀결사. unload: 처분하다, 탄알을 빼내다,
bugaboo: 도깨비, 무서운것. nightcap: 나이트캡, 그날의 마지막 무거운 짐을 덜다, 부리다, 짐을 풀다,
fustian: 퍼스티언, 과장된, 퍼스티언 시합, 잘때 마시는 술, 잠잘때 쓰는 짐을 부리다, 짐을 내리다, 짐을 덜다.
190 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

life. From that memorable night, I dismissed forever my charnel apprehensions,

and with them vanished the cataleptic disorder, of which, perhaps, they had
been less the consequence than the cause.%
There are moments when, even to the sober eye of Reason, the world of our
sad Humanity may assume the semblance of a Hell -- but the imagination of
man is no Carathis, to explore with impunity its every cavern. Alas! the grim
legion of sepulchral terrors cannot be regarded as altogether fanciful -- but, like
the Demons in whose company Afrasiab made his voyage down the Oxus, they
must sleep, or they will devour us -- they must be suffered to slumber, or we
perish.

Korean
assume: 몸에차리다, 가정하다, 게걸스레 먹다. 우중충충한, 설구워진, 어이없는,
떠맡다, 생각하다, 짐짓 가장을하다, disorder: 무질서, 혼란, 혼란시키다, 슬퍼하는, 칙칙한, 언어도단의, 잘
가로채다, 책임을지다, 사실이라고 병들게하다, 부조, 불온, 어지럽히하. 부풀지 않은.
보다, 사실이라고 생각하다, 인 explore: 탐험하다, 탐구하다, 탐색, semblance: 유사, 외관, 겉꾸밈, 외형,
체하다, 제 것으로 삼다. 검진하다, 답사하다, 탐사하다. 허울.
consequence: 결과, 결론, 영향, imagination: 상상, 상상력, 창작력, sober: 수수한, 술이 깨다, 냉정한,
중대성, 귀결, 사회적 중요성, 자존, 공상, 창조력, 심상, 구상력, 취하지않은, 진지한, 분별 있는, 맑은
중요성, 잘난체함, 결말, 중대함. 망상이해력. 정신의, 마음이 가라앉다, 마음을
devour: 탐독하다, 멸망시키다, memorable: 유명한, 잊지 못할, 가라앉히다, 과장 없는, 침착해지다.
개걸스럽게 먹다, 먹어치우다, 기억할만한. voyage: 항해, 항해하다, 바다를
개걸스럽게먹다, 이성을 빼앗다, sad: 진지한, 슬픈, 어두운, 지독한, 건너가다, 건너 지르다, 여행기.
 Edgar Allan Poe 191

THE DOMAIN OF ARNHEIM

The garden like a lady fair was cut,

That lay as if she slumbered in delight,
And to the open skies her eyes did shut.%
The azure fields of Heaven were ‘sembled right
In a large round, set with the flowers of light.
The flowers de luce, and the round sparks of dew.
That hung upon their azure leaves did shew
Like twinkling stars that sparkle in the evening blue.
--Giles Fletcher

From his cradle to his grave a gale of prosperity bore my friend Ellison along.
Nor do I use the word prosperity in its mere worldly sense. I mean it as
synonymous with happiness. The person of whom I speak seemed born for the
purpose of foreshadowing the doctrines of Turgot, Price, Priestley, and
Condorcet -- of exemplifying by individual instance what has been deemed the
chimera of the perfectionists. In the brief existence of Ellison I fancy that I have
seen refuted the dogma, that in man’s very nature lies some hidden principle,
the antagonist of bliss. An anxious examination of his career has given me to
understand that in general, from the violation of a few simple laws of humanity
arises the wretchedness of mankind -- that as a species we have in our possession

Korean
antagonist: 적대자, 대립자, 반대의, 매우 기쁘게 하다.
길항근, 적대하는. dogma: 교조, 교의, 교리, 독단론,
born: 타고난, 태어난, 으로 태어난. 정설, 독단적 견해, 독단적 주장.
chimera: 키메라, 망상, 괴물. fancy: 변덕, 공상하다, 취미, 공상,
cradle: 요람, 발상지, 낫에 덧대는 틀, 애호가들, 좋아하다, 도락, 터무니
선광기, 요람에 넣다, 흔들어 어르다, 없는, 공상력, 공상의, 애호물로
어린시절, 어린이 침대, 요람모양의 색다른 동물 등을 기르다.
받침대, 선광대, 애무하다. luce: 창꼬치.
de: 의, 에서, 에 속한의 뜻. principle: 주의, 원리, 본원, 소, 원칙,
delight: 기쁨, 기뻐하다, 즐기다, 도의, 정, 정도, 절조, 법칙, 공리.
즐겁게하다, 유쾌, 기쁘게 하는 것, prosperity: 번영, 행운, 성공.
shew: 흥행, 기회, 보임, 삼위, 시늉,
시도, 흔적.
sparkle: 불꽃, 생기, 번쩍이다, 번쩍임,
빛나다, 발하다, 거품이 알다, 거품
남, 재기, 재기의 번득임, 불꽃을
튀기다.
synonymous: 동의의, 동의어의.
twinkling: 경쾌한, 어른거림,
반짝반짝 빛나는, 반짝임, 번득이는,
순간, 번쩍거리는, 번드거임,
반짝거리는, 깜ㅃ가임, 깜빡임.
192 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

the as yet unwrought elements of content -- and that, even now, in the present
darkness and madness of all thought on the great question of the social
condition, it is not impossible that man, the individual, under certain unusual
and highly fortuitous conditions, may be happy.%
With opinions such as these my young friend, too, was fully imbued, and
thus it is worthy of observation that the uninterrupted enjoyment which
distinguished his life was, in great measure, the result of preconcert. It is indeed
evident that with less of the instinctive philosophy which, now and then, stands
so well in the stead of experience, Mr. Ellison would have found himself
precipitated, by the very extraordinary success of his life, into the common
vortex of unhappiness which yawns for those of pre-eminent endowments. But
it is by no means my object to pen an essay on happiness. The ideas of my friend
may be summed up in a few words. He admitted but four elementary principles,
or more strictly, conditions of bliss. That which he considered chief was (strange
to say!) the simple and purely physical one of free exercise in the open air. “The
health,” he said, “attainable by other means is scarcely worth the name.” He
instanced the ecstasies of the fox-hunter, and pointed to the tillers of the earth,
the only people who, as a class, can be fairly considered happier than others. His
second condition was the love of woman. His third, and most difficult of
realization, was the contempt of ambition. His fourth was an object of unceasing
pursuit; and he held that, other things being equal, the extent of attainable
happiness was in proportion to the spirituality of this object.
Ellison was remarkable in the continuous profusion of good gifts lavished
upon him by fortune. In personal grace and beauty he exceeded all men. His
intellect was of that order to which the acquisition of knowledge is less a labor
than an intuition and a necessity. His family was one of the most illustrious of
the empire. His bride was the loveliest and most devoted of women. His
possessions had been always ample; but on the attainment of his majority, it was
discovered that one of those extraordinary freaks of fate had been played in his
behalf which startle the whole social world amid which they occur, and seldom
fail radically to alter the moral constitution of those who are their objects.

Korean
attainable: 달성할수있는, 달성할 수 등으로 미리 정하다, 협정 등으로 spirituality: 영성.
있는, 이를 수 있는. 미리 결정하다, 협정 등으로 미리 startle: 놀람, 깜짝 놀라게 하다,
elementary: 초보의, 원소의, 본질의, 정하다, 사전 타협 등으로 미리 깜작놀라다, 펄쩍 뛸 만한 놀람, 펄쩍
기본의, 초보적인, 요소의, 사대의, 결정하다. 뛰게 하다.
단원소의, 기본이 되는. radically: 과격하게, 근본적으로, unhappiness: 불행, 비애, 불운, 비참.
fortuitous: 우연의, 우연한, 뜻밖의. 철저하게, 급진적으로, 본래. uninterrupted: 끊임없는, 연속적인,
instinctive: 본능적인, 천성의, realization: 현금화, 현실화, 실현, 중단되지 않은.
직관적인. 인식, 실정을 앎, 실물같이 그림, unwrought: 제작되지 않은,
intuition: 직각, 직관, 직관적 통찰. 취득, 사실이라고 생각함, 정말이라고 마무리하지 않은, 채굴하지 않은,
preconcert: 미리 협정하다, 미리 생각함, 정말이라고 느낌, 정말이라고 채굴되지 않은, 가공되지 않은,
결정하다, 미리 정하다, 사전 타협 깨달음. 개발되지 않은, 마무리되지 않은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 193

It appears that about a hundred years before Mr. Ellison’s coming of age,
there had died, in a remote province, one Mr. Seabright Ellison. This gentleman
had amassed a princely fortune, and, having no immediate connections,
conceived the whim of suffering his wealth to accumulate for a century after his
decease. Minutely and sagaciously directing the various modes of investment, he
bequeathed the aggregate amount to the nearest of blood, bearing the name of
Ellison, who should be alive at the end of the hundred years. Many attempts had
been made to set aside this singular bequest; their ex post facto character
rendered them abortive; but the attention of a jealous government was aroused,
and a legislative act finally obtained, forbidding all similar accumulations. This
act, however, did not prevent young Ellison from entering into possession, on his
twenty-first birthday, as the heir of his ancestor Seabright, of a fortune of four
hundred and fifty millions of dollars.%
When it had become known that such was the enormous wealth inherited,
there were, of course, many speculations as to the mode of its disposal. The
magnitude and the immediate availability of the sum bewildered all who
thought on the topic. The possessor of any appreciable amount of money might
have been imagined to perform any one of a thousand things. With riches merely
surpassing those of any citizen, it would have been easy to suppose him
engaging to supreme excess in the fashionable extravagances of his time -- or
busying himself with political intrigue -- or aiming at ministerial power -- or
purchasing increase of nobility -- or collecting large museums of virtu -- or
playing the munificent patron of letters, of science, of art -- or endowing, and
bestowing his name upon extensive institutions of charity. But for the
inconceivable wealth in the actual possession of the heir, these objects and all
ordinary objects were felt to afford too limited a field. Recourse was had to
figures, and these but sufficed to confound. It was seen that, even at three per
cent., the annual income of the inheritance amounted to no less than thirteen
millions and five hundred thousand dollars; which was one million and one
hundred and twenty-five thousand per month; or thirty-six thousand nine
hundred and eighty-six per day; or one thousand five hundred and forty-one per
hour; or six and twenty dollars for every minute that flew. Thus the usual track

Korean
abortive: 실패의, 유산의, 조산의, 제기랄 망할 자식. 돋우다.
발육부전의. engaging: 매력 있는, 마음 끄튼, 마음 possessor: 소유자, 점유자.
accumulate: 모으다, 쌓이다, 모이다, 끄는, 남의 마음을 끄는. recourse: 의지, 상환청구, 의뢰,
쌓다. forbidding: 싫은, 인상 등이 의지하는 것, 상환 청구, 을 사용하다,
ancestor: 조상, 선주, 원형, 선조, 험상궂은, 가까이하기 어려운, 장소, 의존함, 상환청구권.
피상속인. 험학한, 가격등 가까이하기 어려운, riches: 부, 많음, 재물, 재보, 재산,
bequest: 유물, 유증, 유산. 무서운, 가까이 하기 어려운, 험악한. 풍부.
confound: 혼동하다, 꺾다, 저주하다, intrigue: 밀통, 음모, 음모를 꾸미다, sagaciously: 현명한, 명민한.
좌절시키다, 제기랄, 당황케하다, 밀통하다, 의 호기심을 돋우다, virtu: 미술품, 골동품, 뛰어난 가치,
곤혹케 하다, 난처하게 하다, 당황케 달성하다, 의 흥미를 돋구다, 술책을 미술품 애호.
하다, 제기랄 가벼운 욕 망할 자식, 쓰다, 손에 넣다, 불의, 의 흥미를 whim: 변덕, 일시적 기분, 권상기.
194 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

of supposition was thoroughly broken up. Men knew not what to imagine. There
were some who even conceived that Mr. Ellison would divest himself of at least
one-half of his fortune, as of utterly superfluous opulence -- enriching whole
troops of his relatives by division of his superabundance. To the nearest of these
he did, in fact, abandon the very unusual wealth which was his own before the
inheritance.%
I was not surprised, however, to perceive that he had long made up his mind
on a point which had occasioned so much discussion to his friends. Nor was I
greatly astonished at the nature of his decision. In regard to individual charities
he had satisfied his conscience. In the possibility of any improvement, properly
so called, being effected by man himself in the general condition of man, he had
(I am sorry to confess it) little faith. Upon the whole, whether happily or
unhappily, he was thrown back, in very great measure, upon self.
In the widest and noblest sense he was a poet. He comprehended, moreover,
the true character, the august aims, the supreme majesty and dignity of the
poetic sentiment. The fullest, if not the sole proper satisfaction of this sentiment
he instinctively felt to lie in the creation of novel forms of beauty. Some
peculiarities, either in his early education, or in the nature of his intellect, had
tinged with what is termed materialism all his ethical speculations; and it was
this bias, perhaps, which led him to believe that the most advantageous at least,
if not the sole legitimate field for the poetic exercise, lies in the creation of novel
moods of purely physical loveliness. Thus it happened he became neither
musician nor poet -- if we use this latter term in its every-day acceptation. Or it
might have been that he neglected to become either, merely in pursuance of his
idea that in contempt of ambition is to be found one of the essential principles of
happiness on earth. Is it not indeed, possible that, while a high order of genius is
necessarily ambitious, the highest is above that which is termed ambition? And
may it not thus happen that many far greater than Milton have contentedly
remained “mute and inglorious?” I believe that the world has never seen -- and
that, unless through some series of accidents goading the noblest order of mind
into distasteful exertion, the world will never see -- that full extent of triumphant

Korean
acceptation: 받아들임, 신앙. contempt: 치욕, 경멸, 모욕, 멸시,
advantageous: 유리한, 형편이 좋은. 모멸, 수치, 업신여김, 창피, 모욕죄.
ambition: 대망, 야심의 대상, 패기, contentedly: 만족스럽게.
야심, 포부, 열망, 원한, 큰 뜻, 야망, dignity: 존엄, 위엄, 관록, 품위,
원기. 체면에 관계되다, 위풍, 위계, 고위
bias: 바이어스, 사선, 경향, 경사, 인사.
치우치게하다, 성벽-기울이다, distasteful: 싫은, 맛 없는, 맛없는,
치우침, 편견을 갖다, 기울이다, 혐오를 나타낸.
한쪽으로 치우치게하다, 성향. ethical: 도덕상의, 윤리적인,
conscience: 양심, 도의심, 선악의 윤리학적인, 인정 기준에 따라,
관념. 도덕적인.
materialism: 유물주의, 유물론.
musician: 음악가, 작곡가, 악사.
neglected: 게을리한.
opulence: 풍부, 부유, 현란.
poetic: 시의, 시적인, 시에 적합한,
시인의.
pursuance: 추구, 이행, 속행, 수행.
superabundance: 과다, 여분,
여분으로 있음, 과잉.
superfluous: 여분의.
surprised: 놀란, 놀라다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 195

execution, in the richer domains of art, of which the human nature is absolutely
capable.%
Ellison became neither musician nor poet; although no man lived more
profoundly enamored of music and poetry. Under other circumstances than
those which invested him, it is not impossible that he would have become a
painter. Sculpture, although in its nature rigorously poetical was too limited in
its extent and consequences, to have occupied, at any time, much of his attention.
And I have now mentioned all the provinces in which the common
understanding of the poetic sentiment has declared it capable of expatiating. But
Ellison maintained that the richest, the truest, and most natural, if not altogether
the most extensive province, had been unaccountably neglected. No definition
had spoken of the landscape-gardener as of the poet; yet it seemed to my friend
that the creation of the landscape-garden offered to the proper Muse the most
magnificent of opportunities. Here, indeed, was the fairest field for the display of
imagination in the endless combining of forms of novel beauty; the elements to
enter into combination being, by a vast superiority, the most glorious which the
earth could afford. In the multiform and multicolor of the flowers and the trees,
he recognised the most direct and energetic efforts of Nature at physical
loveliness. And in the direction or concentration of this effort -- or, more
properly, in its adaptation to the eyes which were to behold it on earth -- he
perceived that he should be employing the best means -- laboring to the greatest
advantage -- in the fulfilment, not only of his own destiny as poet, but of the
august purposes for which the Deity had implanted the poetic sentiment in man.
“Its adaptation to the eyes which were to behold it on earth.” In his
explanation of this phraseology, Mr. Ellison did much toward solving what has
always seemed to me an enigma: -- I mean the fact (which none but the ignorant
dispute) that no such combination of scenery exists in nature as the painter of
genius may produce. No such paradises are to be found in reality as have glowed
on the canvas of Claude. In the most enchanting of natural landscapes, there will
always be found a defect or an excess -- many excesses and defects. While the
component parts may defy, individually, the highest skill of the artist, the

canvas: 유화, 텐트, 범포, 즈크, 배경,
캔버스제의, 캔버스, 캔버스.화포,
즈크의, 화포, 무대.
defects: 결점들.
defy: 도전하다, 무시하다, 반항하다,
거부하다, 허용하지 않다.
enamored: 매혹된, 홀딱 반한, 사랑에
빠진.
enchanting: 매혹적인.
endless: 순환의, 끝없는, 무한한,
영원한, 끝이 없는.
Korean
execution: 실행, 이행, 사형 집행, 배를 매는 밧줄, 페인트칠장이.
제작, 효과, 연주, 작성, 솜씨, 처형, phraseology: 어법, 말.
서명 날인, 수행. poetical: 이상화된.
ignorant: 무식한, 을 모르는, provinces: 지방.
무지몽매한, 무지에서 비롯되는, sculpture: 조각, 조각품, 조각하다,
무지한. 조각술, 조각물로 장식하다, 조각물,
individually: 개별적으로, 하나하나, 무늬, 침식하다.
개인적으로. toward: 에 대하여, 을 위하여, 가까이,
multicolor: 다색, 여러 가지 빛깔의. 온순한, 으로의, 의 쪽으로, 무렵,
painter: 화가, 칠장이, 아메리카 표범, 쪽으로, 바야흐로 일어나려는, 에
배를 매어 두는 밧줄, 페인트장이, 가까이, 전도 유망한.
196 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

arrangement%of these parts will always be susceptible of improvement. In short,

no position can be attained on the wide surface of the natural earth, from which
an artistical eye, looking steadily, will not find matter of offence in what is
termed the “composition” of the landscape. And yet how unintelligible is this! In
all other matters we are justly instructed to regard nature as supreme. With her
details we shrink from competition. Who shall presume to imitate the colors of
the tulip, or to improve the proportions of the lily of the valley? The criticism
which says, of sculpture or portraiture, that here nature is to be exalted or
idealized rather than imitated, is in error. No pictorial or sculptural
combinations of points of human liveliness do more than approach the living
and breathing beauty. In landscape alone is the principle of the critic true; and,
having felt its truth here, it is but the headlong spirit of generalization which has
led him to pronounce it true throughout all the domains of art. Having, I say, felt
its truth here; for the feeling is no affectation or chimera. The mathematics afford
no more absolute demonstrations than the sentiments of his art yields the artist.
He not only believes, but positively knows, that such and such apparently
arbitrary arrangements of matter constitute and alone constitute the true beauty.
His reasons, however, have not yet been matured into expression. It remains for
a more profound analysis than the world has yet seen, fully to investigate and
express them. Nevertheless he is confirmed in his instinctive opinions by the
voice of all his brethren. Let a “composition” be defective; let an emendation be
wrought in its mere arrangement of form; let this emendation be submitted to
every artist in the world; by each will its necessity be admitted. And even far
more than this: -- in remedy of the defective composition, each insulated
member of the fraternity would have suggested the identical emendation.
I repeat that in landscape arrangements alone is the physical nature
susceptible of exaltation, and that, therefore, her susceptibility of improvement at
this one point, was a mystery I had been unable to solve. My own thoughts on
the subject had rested in the idea that the primitive intention of nature would
have so arranged the earth’s surface as to have fulfilled at all points man’s sense
of perfection in the beautiful, the sublime, or the picturesque; but that this
primitive intention had been frustrated by the known geological disturbances --

artistical: 예술적인, 미술의, 예술의,
예술가의.
brethren: 동포, 회원, 동인, 형제, 같은
신도들.
emendation: 교정, 교정한 곳.
fraternity: 동업자들, 형제간, 우애
조합, 친목회, 협동 단체, 동호자들,
남학생 사교 클럽, 우애회.
generalization: 종합, 개괄, 일반화,
보편화, 귀납적 결과, 통칙, 일반론,
귀납, 개념.
Korean
geological: 지질학의, 지질의,
지질학상의.
imitate: 모방하다, 흉내내다,
모조하다, 모범으로 삼다, 본받다,
모사하다, 위조하다.
imitated: 본뜬, 모조의 가짜의,
모방된, 흉내내어진.
insulated: 절연된, 격리된.
justly: 바르게, 정당하게, 공정하게.
liveliness: 원기, 선명, 명랑, 활발함,
활기, 쾌활, 생기, 기운참.
pictorial: 그림이 실린 잡지, 화보,
그림의그린 것같은, 그림의,
그림의그린 것같은-화보.
picturesque: 그림같은, 생생한,
아름다운, 그림 같은.
pronounce: 발음하다, 의견을 말하다,
판단을 내리다, 선고하다, 말하다,
단언하다-발음하다, 선언하다.
proportions: 크기.
sculptural: 조각품, 조각, 조각의.
tulip: 튤립, 튤립 꽃, 튤립 구근.
 Edgar Allan Poe 197

disturbances of form and color -- grouping, in the correction or allaying of which

lies the soul of art. The force of this idea was much weakened, however, by the
necessity which it involved of considering the disturbances abnormal and
unadapted to any purpose. It was Ellison who suggested that they were
prognostic of death. He thus explained: -- Admit the earthly immortality of man
to have been the first intention. We have then the primitive arrangement of the
earth’s surface adapted to his blissful estate, as not existent but designed. The
disturbances were the preparations for his subsequently conceived deathful
condition.%
“Now,” said my friend, “what we regard as exaltation of the landscape may
be really such, as respects only the moral or human point of view. Each alteration
of the natural scenery may possibly effect a blemish in the picture, if we can
suppose this picture viewed at large -- in mass -- from some point distant from
the earth’s surface, although not beyond the limits of its atmosphere. It is easily
understood that what might improve a closely scrutinized detail, may at the
same time injure a general or more distantly observed effect. There may be a
class of beings, human once, but now invisible to humanity, to whom, from afar,
our disorder may seem order -- our unpicturesqueness picturesque, in a word,
the earth-angels, for whose scrutiny more especially than our own, and for
whose death -- refined appreciation of the beautiful, may have been set in array
by God the wide landscape-gardens of the hemispheres.”
In the course of discussion, my friend quoted some passages from a writer on
landscape-gardening who has been supposed to have well treated his theme:
“There are properly but two styles of landscape-gardening, the natural and
the artificial. One seeks to recall the original beauty of the country, by adapting
its means to the surrounding scenery, cultivating trees in harmony with the hills
or plain of the neighboring land; detecting and bringing into practice those nice
relations of size, proportion, and color which, hid from the common observer,
are revealed everywhere to the experienced student of nature. The result of the
natural style of gardening, is seen rather in the absence of all defects and
incongruities -- in the prevalence of a healthy harmony and order -- than in the

appreciation: 감사, 감상, 평가, 인식,
가격의증가, 진가의인정, 진가를
인정함, 등귀, 진가.
blemish: 흠, 손상하다, 결점,
완전함을 손상하다, 아름다움을
손상하다.
correction: 정정, 교정, 보정, 질책,
첨삭, 수정, 징계, 벌, 바로잡음.
deathful: 치명적인, 잔인한, 살인적인.
distantly: 떨어져서, 희미하게,
에둘러, 멀리, 간접적으로.
Korean
existent: 존재하는 것, 현존하는, 주다, 손상시키다, 상처나게 하다.
현행의, 목하의, 실재하는, 존재하는, observer: 관찰자, 준수자, 업저버,
현행의 실존자. 감시자.
gardening: 원예, 조원, 뜰 가꾸기, prevalence: 우세, 유행, 널리 행해짐,
조원술. 널리 퍼짐.
grouping: 배치, 그룹, 그룹으로 primitive: 원시의, 원시적인, 태고의,
나누기, 집단화, 모으는 일, 분류, 조. 초기의, 원시인, 그 작품, 초생의,
harmony: 조화, 화성, 화합, 일치, 근본의, 소박한-문예 부흥기 이전의
일치점 요람. 화가, 원어, 원선.
injure: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 다치게 prognostic: 전조, 예후의, 전조를
하다, 부상시키다, 손상하다, 손해를 보이는, 예측, 직후, 전조가 되는.
198 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

creation of any special wonders or miracles. The artificial style has as many
varieties as there are different tastes to gratify. It has a certain general relation to
the various styles of building. There are the stately avenues and retirements of
Versailles; Italian terraces; and a various mixed old English style, which bears
some relation to the domestic Gothic or English Elizabethan architecture.
Whatever may be said against the abuses of the artificial landscape -- gardening,
a mixture of pure art in a garden scene adds to it a great beauty. This is partly
pleasing to the eye, by the show of order and design, and partly moral. A terrace,
with an old moss -- covered balustrade, calls up at once to the eye the fair forms
that have passed there in other days. The slightest exhibition of art is an evidence
of care and human interest.”%
“From what I have already observed,” said Ellison, “you will understand that
I reject the idea, here expressed, of recalling the original beauty of the country.
The original beauty is never so great as that which may be introduced. Of course,
every thing depends on the selection of a spot with capabilities. What is said
about detecting and bringing into practice nice relations of size, proportion, and
color, is one of those mere vaguenesses of speech which serve to veil inaccuracy
of thought. The phrase quoted may mean any thing, or nothing, and guides in no
degree. That the true result of the natural style of gardening is seen rather in the
absence of all defects and incongruities than in the creation of any special
wonders or miracles, is a proposition better suited to the grovelling
apprehension of the herd than to the fervid dreams of the man of genius. The
negative merit suggested appertains to that hobbling criticism which, in letters,
would elevate Addison into apotheosis. In truth, while that virtue which
consists in the mere avoidance of vice appeals directly to the understanding, and
can thus be circumscribed in rule, the loftier virtue, which flames in creation, can
be apprehended in its results alone. Rule applies but to the merits of denial -- to
the excellencies which refrain. Beyond these, the critical art can but suggest. We
may be instructed to build a “Cato,” but we are in vain told how to conceive a
Parthenon or an “Inferno.” The thing done, however; the wonder accomplished;
and the capacity for apprehension becomes universal. The sophists of the
negative school who, through inability to create, have scoffed at creation, are

apotheosis: 신으로 모심, 숭배, 찬미,
이상.
avoidance: 무효, 회피, 도피, 기피,
결원, 결석, 취소.
balustrade: 난간.
denial: 부정, 극기, 부인, 거부.
elevate: 올리다, 승진시키다, 기분을
들뜨게하다, 기운을 북돋아주다,
앙양하다, 향상시키다, 의기 양양하게
하다, 높이다.
gratify: 기쁘게 하다, 만족 시키다,
Korean
기쁘게 해주다, 에게 사례금을 주다, 취할점, 가치, 공죄, 학교에서 벌점에
채우다, 에게 보수를 주다. 대한 상점, 취할만한 점, 시비, 상점.
grovelling: 설설 기는, 넙죽 엎드리는, merits: 공적, 당연한 벌, 당연한 상.
굽실거리는. refrain: 후렴, 참다, 자제하다, 삼가다,
herd: 군중, 몰아 모으다, 지키다, 그만두다, 반복구, 억제하다,
무리, 떼지어 모이다, 민중.목자, 억누르다, 멀리하다, 그만두다
목자, 민중, 떼를 짓다, 떼를 모으다, 억제하다 후렴, 상투문구.
군중의. varieties: 각종.
inaccuracy: 부정확한, 정밀하지 않음, vice: 악습, 육체적 결함, 나쁜 버릇,
틀림, 잘못, 잘못이 있는, 부정확. 사악, 결점, 부도덕, 바이스,
merit: 장점, 공적, 공로, 뛰어남, 대리로서, 악, 악덕, 병.
 Edgar Allan Poe 199

now found the loudest in applause. What, in its chrysalis condition of principle,
affronted their demure reason, never fails, in its maturity of accomplishment, to
extort admiration from their instinct of beauty.%
“The author’s observations on the artificial style,” continued Ellison, “are less
objectionable. A mixture of pure art in a garden scene adds to it a great beauty.
This is just; as also is the reference to the sense of human interest. The principle
expressed is incontrovertible -- but there may be something beyond it. There
may be an object in keeping with the principle -- an object unattainable by the
means ordinarily possessed by individuals, yet which, if attained, would lend a
charm to the landscape-garden far surpassing that which a sense of merely
human interest could bestow. A poet, having very unusual pecuniary resources,
might, while retaining the necessary idea of art or culture, or, as our author
expresses it, of interest, so imbue his designs at once with extent and novelty of
beauty, as to convey the sentiment of spiritual interference. It will be seen that, in
bringing about such result, he secures all the advantages of interest or design,
while relieving his work of the harshness or technicality of the worldly art. In
the most rugged of wildernesses -- in the most savage of the scenes of pure
nature -- there is apparent the art of a creator; yet this art is apparent to reflection
only; in no respect has it the obvious force of a feeling. Now let us suppose this
sense of the Almighty design to be one step depressed -- to be brought into
something like harmony or consistency with the sense of human art -- to form an
intermedium between the two: -- let us imagine, for example, a landscape whose
combined vastness and definitiveness -- whose united beauty, magnificence, and
strangeness, shall convey the idea of care, or culture, or superintendence, on the
part of beings superior, yet akin to humanity -- then the sentiment of interest is
preserved, while the art intervolved is made to assume the air of an intermediate
or secondary nature -- a nature which is not God, nor an emanation from God,
but which still is nature in the sense of the handiwork of the angels that hover
between man and God.”
It was in devoting his enormous wealth to the embodiment of a vision such
as this -- in the free exercise in the open air ensured by the personal

Korean
bestow: 수여하다, 숙박시키다, 쓰다, 탈취하다.
간직하여 두다, 주다, 두다, 증여하다, handiwork: 짓, 수세공, 소행, 제작물.
저장하다, 묵게 하다, 부여하다. harshness: 비참함, 엄함, 거친 것.
chrysalis: 번데기, 과도기, 준비시대, imbue: 고취하다, 배게 하다불어 넣다,
준비 시대. 불어넣다, 듬뿍스며 들게 하다,
demure: 기품 있는, 진지한, 침착한, 물들이다, 침투시키다, 에 스며들게
얌전 피우는, 차분한. 하다, 에 불어넣다, 더럽히다.
emanation: 에마나티온, 발산물, incontrovertible: 논쟁의 여지가 없는,
방사물. 명백한, 다툴 나위 없는,
extort: 갈취하다, 강요하다, 억지로 의논의여지가 없는, 논쟁의여지가
갖다붙이다, 억지로 해석하다, 강제로 없는.
intermedium: 중개물, 중간물, 매개물.
pecuniary: 금전의, 금전상의.
preserved: 보호한.
strangeness: 이상함, 소립자상태를
규정하는 입자고유의 양자수, 기묘.
superintendence: 감독, 관리, 지휘.
technicality: 전문적임, 전문어,
학술사항, 전문적 성질, 전문적 사항,
전문적 방법, 전문적 절차.
unattainable: 이룰 수 없는, 도달하기
어려운, 얻기 어려운.
200 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

superintendence of his plans -- in the unceasing object which these plans

afforded -- in the high spirituality of the object -- in the contempt of ambition
which it enabled him truly to feel -- in the perennial springs with which it
gratified, without possibility of satiating, that one master passion of his soul, the
thirst for beauty, above all, it was in the sympathy of a woman, not unwomanly,
whose loveliness and love enveloped his existence in the purple atmosphere of
Paradise, that Ellison thought to find, and found, exemption from the ordinary
cares of humanity, with a far greater amount of positive happiness than ever
glowed in the rapt day-dreams of De Stael.%
I despair of conveying to the reader any distinct conception of the marvels
which my friend did actually accomplish. I wish to describe, but am
disheartened by the difficulty of description, and hesitate between detail and
generality. Perhaps the better course will be to unite the two in their extremes.
Mr. Ellison’s first step regarded, of course, the choice of a locality, and
scarcely had he commenced thinking on this point, when the luxuriant nature of
the Pacific Islands arrested his attention. In fact, he had made up his mind for a
voyage to the South Seas, when a night’s reflection induced him to abandon the
idea. “Were I misanthropic,” he said, “such a locale would suit me. The
thoroughness of its insulation and seclusion, and the difficulty of ingress and
egress, would in such case be the charm of charms; but as yet I am not Timon. I
wish the composure but not the depression of solitude. There must remain with
me a certain control over the extent and duration of my repose. There will be
frequent hours in which I shall need, too, the sympathy of the poetic in what I
have done. Let me seek, then, a spot not far from a populous city -- whose
vicinity, also, will best enable me to execute my plans.”
In search of a suitable place so situated, Ellison travelled for several years,
and I was permitted to accompany him. A thousand spots with which I was
enraptured he rejected without hesitation, for reasons which satisfied me, in the
end, that he was right. We came at length to an elevated table-land of wonderful
fertility and beauty, affording a panoramic prospect very little less in extent than

composure: 침착, 냉정, 평정, 자제.
enraptured: 황홀한, 신나는.
execute: 사형을 집행하다, 실시하다,
연주하다, 제작하다, 서명 날인하다,
집행하다, 시행하다, 수행하다,
실행하다, 완성하다.
generality: 대부분, 일반성, 보편성,
통칙, 개략, 일반적임, 과반수, 개론,
개설, 대다수, 일반적 진술.
gratified: 기뻐하는, 만족한.
insulation: 격리, 절연, 고립, 단열재,
Korean
절연체, 뚱딴지. 열심인, 황홀해 있는, 몰두한, 마음을
locale: 현장, 장소. 빼앗긴, 넋을 빼앗긴, 골똘한.
panoramic: 파노라마의, thoroughness: 충분함, 완벽함,
파노라마식의, 개관적인, 철저함, 면밀함, 완전.
파노라마같은. unite: 결합하다, 일치하다, 하나로
perennial: 다년생의, 연중 끊이지 하다, 결혼시키다, 겸비하다, 일치
않는, 영원한, 다년생 식물, 사계절을 시키다, 하나로 되다, 합병하다,
통해서 계속되는. 결혼하다, 제휴하다, 맞잡다.
populous: 인구 조밀한, 인구가 unwomanly: 여자답지 않은, 여자에게
조밀한. 어울리지 않는, 남자같은, 여자답지
rapt: 열중한, 황홀한, 빼앗긴, 골몰한, 않게, 여자로서 있을 수 없는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 201

that of Aetna, and, in Ellison’s opinion as well as my own, surpassing the far-
famed view from that mountain in all the true elements of the picturesque.%
“I am aware,” said the traveller, as he drew a sigh of deep delight after
gazing on this scene, entranced, for nearly an hour, “I know that here, in my
circumstances, nine-tenths of the most fastidious of men would rest content. This
panorama is indeed glorious, and I should rejoice in it but for the excess of its
glory. The taste of all the architects I have ever known leads them, for the sake of
‘prospect,’ to put up buildings on hill-tops. The error is obvious. Grandeur in any
of its moods, but especially in that of extent, startles, excites -- and then fatigues,
depresses. For the occasional scene nothing can be better -- for the constant view
nothing worse. And, in the constant view, the most objectionable phase of
grandeur is that of extent; the worst phase of extent, that of distance. It is at war
with the sentiment and with the sense of seclusion -- the sentiment and sense
which we seek to humor in ‘retiring to the country.’ In looking from the summit
of a mountain we cannot help feeling abroad in the world. The heart-sick avoid
distant prospects as a pestilence.”
It was not until toward the close of the fourth year of our search that we
found a locality with which Ellison professed himself satisfied. It is, of course,
needless to say where was the locality. The late death of my friend, in causing his
domain to be thrown open to certain classes of visiters, has given to Arnheim a
species of secret and subdued if not solemn celebrity, similar in kind, although
infinitely superior in degree, to that which so long distinguished Fonthill.
The usual approach to Arnheim was by the river. The visiter left the city in
the early morning. During the forenoon he passed between shores of a tranquil
and domestic beauty, on which grazed innumerable sheep, their white fleeces
spotting the vivid green of rolling meadows. By degrees the idea of cultivation
subsided into that of merely pastoral care. This slowly became merged in a sense
of retirement -- this again in a consciousness of solitude. As the evening
approached, the channel grew more narrow, the banks more and more
precipitous; and these latter were clothed in rich, more profuse, and more
sombre foliage. The water increased in transparency. The stream took a

celebrity: 명성, 명사.
cultivation: 경작, 교화, 재배, 배양,
배양균, 양성, 수양, 수련, 세련, 교양,
양식.
excess: 부절제, 초과, 지나침, 과다,
폭음폭식, 과도, 과잉, 난폭, 초과량,
휴직시키다, 제한 외의.
far-famed: 널리 알려진.
fastidious: 꽤 까다로운, 꾀까다로운,
까다로운.
foliage: 잎, 잎장식, 잎 무늬 장식,
Korean
잎전부. rejoice: 기뻐하다, 기쁘게 하다,
forenoon: 오전. 축하하다, 향유하다, 가지고 있다,
humor: 해학, 기질, 만족시키다, 기분, 좋아하다, 을 누리고 있다, 즐기다,
유머, 심기, 잘 다루다, 일시적인 괴상한 이름을 가지고 있다.
기분, 익살, 유우머, 우스개. sombre: 수수한, 어두컴컴한, 음침한,
objectionable: 반대할 만한, 이의가 침울한, 거무칙칙한, 어둠침침한.
있는, 못마땅한, 불 만인, 불만인, traveller: 여행자, 주문 받는 사람,
불유쾌한, 싫은, 괘씸한. 외판원, 여행에 익숙한 사람, 순회
pastoral: 목사의, 목양자의, 전원의, 판매인, 이동 기중기, 하게 진행하는
목가, 전원 생활의, 양치는 목동의, 차 등, 하게 진행하는 것 등, 하게
교서, 목장. 진행하는 말 등, 외무원.
202 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

thousand%turns, so that at no moment could its gleaming surface be seen for a

greater distance than a furlong. At every instant the vessel seemed imprisoned
within an enchanted circle, having insuperable and impenetrable walls of
foliage, a roof of ultramarine satin, and no floor -- the keel balancing itself with
admirable nicety on that of a phantom bark which, by some accident having
been turned upside down, floated in constant company with the substantial one,
for the purpose of sustaining it. The channel now became a gorge -- although the
term is somewhat inapplicable, and I employ it merely because the language has
no word which better represents the most striking -- not the most distinctive-
feature of the scene. The character of gorge was maintained only in the height
and parallelism of the shores; it was lost altogether in their other traits. The walls
of the ravine (through which the clear water still tranquilly flowed) arose to an
elevation of a hundred and occasionally of a hundred and fifty feet, and inclined
so much toward each other as, in a great measure, to shut out the light of day;
while the long plume-like moss which depended densely from the intertwining
shrubberies overhead, gave the whole chasm an air of funereal gloom. The
windings became more frequent and intricate, and seemed often as if returning
in upon themselves, so that the voyager had long lost all idea of direction. He
was, moreover, enwrapt in an exquisite sense of the strange. The thought of
nature still remained, but her character seemed to have undergone modification,
there was a weird symmetry, a thrilling uniformity, a wizard propriety in these
her works. Not a dead branch -- not a withered leaf -- not a stray pebble -- not a
patch of the brown earth was anywhere visible. The crystal water welled up
against the clean granite, or the unblemished moss, with a sharpness of outline
that delighted while it bewildered the eye.
Having threaded the mazes of this channel for some hours, the gloom
deepening every moment, a sharp and unexpected turn of the vessel brought it
suddenly, as if dropped from heaven, into a circular basin of very considerable
extent when compared with the width of the gorge. It was about two hundred
yards in diameter, and girt in at all points but one -- that immediately fronting
the vessel as it entered -- by hills equal in general height to the walls of the
chasm, although of a thoroughly different character. Their sides sloped from the

Korean
furlong: 펄롱. pebble: 조약돌, 표면을 도톨도톨하게
impenetrable: 헤아릴 수 없는, 하다, 다루기 완고한 동물,
불가입성의, 무감각한, 꿰뚫을 수 울퉁불퉁한 자갈 무늬, 의 결을
없는, 불가해의, 불가해한, 완고한, 거칠게 하다, 자갈 크기의 덩어리,
물들지 않는, 고집스러운, 동요되지 종이 따위의 표면에 기공한
않는, 둔한. 울퉁불퉁한 자갈 무늬, 수정, 물의
nicety: 미묘, 정밀, 섬세, 우아한 것, 작용 따위로 둥글게 된 조약돌, 마노,
정확, 상세, 기미, 꼭 알맞게, 결벽, 다루기 힘든 사람.
맛있는것, 고상한 것. ravine: 좁은 골짜기, 산골짜기, 협곡.
parallelism: 유사, 대구법, 평행도, sharpness: 날카로움, 높은 가락, 선명,
대응, 평행, 병행론, 병행. 격렬, 교활, 급함, 갑자기 꺾임,
가파름, 영리, 험준함.
ultramarine: 울트라머린, 감청색,
감청색의, 해외의, 바다 건너편의,
바다 건너의, 군청색의, 울트라마린.
unblemished: 흠이 없는, 오점이
없는, 결백한, 깨끗한, 흠집 없는,
더러운 데가 없는.
upside: 위쪽, 상부, 혼란하여.
voyager: 항해자, 여행자, 모험적
항해자, 보이저.
withered: 시든, 쇠퇴한, 이운.
 Edgar Allan Poe 203

water’s edge at an angle of some forty-five degrees, and they were clothed from
base to summit -- not a perceptible point escaping -- in a drapery of the most
gorgeous flower-blossoms; scarcely a green leaf being visible among the sea of
odorous and fluctuating color. This basin was of great depth, but so transparent
was the water that the bottom, which seemed to consist of a thick mass of small
round alabaster pebbles, was distinctly visible by glimpses -- that is to say,
whenever the eye could permit itself not to see, far down in the inverted heaven,
the duplicate blooming of the hills. On these latter there were no trees, nor even
shrubs of any size. The impressions wrought on the observer were those of
richness, warmth, color, quietude, uniformity, softness, delicacy, daintiness,
voluptuousness, and a miraculous extremeness of culture that suggested dreams
of a new race of fairies, laborious, tasteful, magnificent, and fastidious; but as
the eye traced upward the myriad-tinted slope, from its sharp junction with the
water to its vague termination amid the folds of overhanging cloud, it became,
indeed, difficult not to fancy a panoramic cataract of rubies, sapphires, opals, and
golden onyxes, rolling silently out of the sky.%
The visiter, shooting suddenly into this bay from out the gloom of the ravine,
is delighted but astounded by the full orb of the declining sun, which he had
supposed to be already far below the horizon, but which now confronts him, and
forms the sole termination of an otherwise limitless vista seen through another
chasm -- like rift in the hills.
But here the voyager quits the vessel which has borne him so far, and
descends into a light canoe of ivory, stained with arabesque devices in vivid
scarlet, both within and without. The poop and beak of this boat arise high above
the water, with sharp points, so that the general form is that of an irregular
crescent. It lies on the surface of the bay with the proud grace of a swan. On its
ermined floor reposes a single feathery paddle of satin-wood; but no oarsmen or
attendant is to be seen. The guest is bidden to be of good cheer -- that the fates
will take care of him. The larger vessel disappears, and he is left alone in the
canoe, which lies apparently motionless in the middle of the lake. While he
considers what course to pursue, however, he becomes aware of a gentle

alabaster: 설화석고, 설화 석고.
blooming: 지독한, 활짝핀, 한차인,
어처구니없는, 번영하는, 활짝 꽃핀,
꽃 같은, 지독하게.
daintiness: 우미, 가림, 까다로움,
호사를 좋아함, 미미.
ermined: 어민 모피를 입은, 어미의
털로 덮인.
feathery: 깃이 난, 깃털 같은, 경박한,
가벼운, 깃으로 덮인, 깃털이 있는.
laborious: 힘드는, 부지런한.
Korean
paddle: 방망이로 치다, 아장 아장 정적.
걷다, 철벙 거리다, 물장난하다, 노 quits: 승패 없이 대등하여, 피장 장이
비슷한 것, 노를한번 저음, 노, 한번 된, 갚거나 또는 보복하여 피장 장이
저음, 찰싹 때리다, 기선 따위의 외륜, 된.
보트를 노로 젓다. softness: 조용한, 수월한, 연한,
poop: 고물-고물을 치다, 바보, 하찮은 흐릿한, 온화한, 상쾌한, 조용하게,
자, 피로하게 하다, 지쳐빠지다, 지쳐 부드럽게, 부드러운물건, 부드러운,
빠지게 하다, 의 고물을 치다, 원래 매끈한.
고물, 남을 지쳐 빠지게 하다, 기계 tasteful: 풍아한, 품위있는, 풍류있는,
따위가 움직이지 않다, 고물. 취미가 고상한, 멋을 아는, 풍류를
quietude: 조용함, 평온, 정온, 고요, 아는.
204 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

movement in the fairy bark. It slowly swings itself around until its prow points
toward the sun. It advances with a gentle but gradually accelerated velocity,
while the slight ripples it creates seem to break about the ivory side in divinest
melody-seem to offer the only possible explanation of the soothing yet
melancholy music for whose unseen origin the bewildered voyager looks around
him in vain.%
The canoe steadily proceeds, and the rocky gate of the vista is approached, so
that its depths can be more distinctly seen. To the right arise a chain of lofty hills
rudely and luxuriantly wooded. It is observed, however, that the trait of
exquisite cleanness where the bank dips into the water, still prevails. There is not
one token of the usual river debris. To the left the character of the scene is softer
and more obviously artificial. Here the bank slopes upward from the stream in a
very gentle ascent, forming a broad sward of grass of a texture resembling
nothing so much as velvet, and of a brilliancy of green which would bear
comparison with the tint of the purest emerald. This plateau varies in width from
ten to three hundred yards; reaching from the river-bank to a wall, fifty feet high,
which extends, in an infinity of curves, but following the general direction of the
river, until lost in the distance to the westward. This wall is of one continuous
rock, and has been formed by cutting perpendicularly the once rugged precipice
of the stream’s southern bank, but no trace of the labor has been suffered to
remain. The chiselled stone has the hue of ages, and is profusely overhung and
overspread with the ivy, the coral honeysuckle, the eglantine, and the clematis.
The uniformity of the top and bottom lines of the wall is fully relieved by
occasional trees of gigantic height, growing singly or in small groups, both along
the plateau and in the domain behind the wall, but in close proximity to it; so
that frequent limbs (of the black walnut especially) reach over and dip their
pendent extremities into the water. Farther back within the domain, the vision is
impeded by an impenetrable screen of foliage.
These things are observed during the canoe’s gradual approach to what I
have called the gate of the vista. On drawing nearer to this, however, its chasm-
like appearance vanishes; a new outlet from the bay is discovered to the left -- in

ascent: 오르막, 오름, 상승, 등산,
사승, 오르막길, 올라감.
cleanness: 청결, 산뜻함, 깨끗함, 결백.
clematis: 클레마티스, 선인장, 유령선,
참으아리속의 식물.
depths: 깊은 곳.
eglantine: 들장미, 들장미의 일종.
honeysuckle: 인동덩굴, 인동덩굴의
무리.
overhung: 과거분사형, 위에 매어단,
위에서 드리운, 위에서 매어단 의
Korean
과거. 달래는.
pendent: 미결정의, 늘어진, 쑥내민, sward: 잔디로 덮다, 잔풀로 뒤덮다,
미결의, 툭 튀어나온, 문제 따위 잔디로 뒤덮다, 잔디밭.
미정의, 구문이 불완전한, 문제 따위 walnut: 호두, 호두색, 그 목재,
미결의, 늘어뜨린, 미정의. 호두나무, 다갈색, 호도나무 목재,
perpendicularly: 수직으로. 호두나무의, 호도빛.
prow: 이물, 기수, 용감한, 용맹스러운, westward: 서방에, 서쪽의, 서쪽,
뱃머리. 서쪽으로 향하는, 서부 제국, 서쪽에,
singly: 단독으로, 혼자서, 제 힘으로, 서쪽으로.
하나씩, 한 사람씩. wooded: 나무가 무성한, 한 목질의,
soothing: 누그러뜨리는, 달래는 듯한, 삼림이 있는, 삼림이 많은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 205

which direction the wall is also seen to sweep, still following the general course
of the stream. Down this new opening the eye cannot penetrate very far; for the
stream, accompanied by the wall, still bends to the left, until both are swallowed
up by the leaves.%
The boat, nevertheless, glides magically into the winding channel; and here
the shore opposite the wall is found to resemble that opposite the wall in the
straight vista. Lofty hills, rising occasionally into mountains, and covered with
vegetation in wild luxuriance, still shut in the scene.
Floating gently onward, but with a velocity slightly augmented, the voyager,
after many short turns, finds his progress apparently barred by a gigantic gate or
rather door of burnished gold, elaborately carved and fretted, and reflecting the
direct rays of the now fast-sinking sun with an effulgence that seems to wreath
the whole surrounding forest in flames. This gate is inserted in the lofty wall;
which here appears to cross the river at right angles. In a few moments, however,
it is seen that the main body of the water still sweeps in a gentle and extensive
curve to the left, the wall following it as before, while a stream of considerable
volume, diverging from the principal one, makes its way, with a slight ripple,
under the door, and is thus hidden from sight. The canoe falls into the lesser
channel and approaches the gate. Its ponderous wings are slowly and musically
expanded. The boat glides between them, and commences a rapid descent into a
vast amphitheatre entirely begirt with purple mountains, whose bases are laved
by a gleaming river throughout the full extent of their circuit. Meantime the
whole Paradise of Arnheim bursts upon the view. There is a gush of entrancing
melody; there is an oppressive sense of strange sweet odor, -- there is a dream --
like intermingling to the eye of tall slender Eastern trees -- bosky shrubberies --
flocks of golden and crimson birds -- lily-fringed lakes -- meadows of violets,
tulips, poppies, hyacinths, and tuberoses -- long intertangled lines of silver
streamlets -- and, upspringing confusedly from amid all, a mass of semi-Gothic,
semi-Saracenic architecture sustaining itself by miracle in mid-air, glittering in
the red sunlight with a hundred oriels, minarets, and pinnacles; and seeming the

Korean
amphitheatre: 계단강의실, 계단식 diverging: 서로 다른, 분기하는,
관람석, 원형연기장, 원형 경기장, 발산성의.
원형 극장, 계단 교실. effulgence: 광휘, 광채, 눈부심.
augmented: 증가된, 는, 증음된. elaborately: 면밀하게, 정성들여.
barred: 모래톱이 있는, 빗장이 있는, entrancing: 황홀케하는, 넋을 빼앗아
줄 있는, 줄무늬가 있는, 가두어 버린, 가는.
빗장이 달린, 줄이 있는. gush: 복받침, 과시, 용솟음, 분칠하다,
begirt: 둘러싸인. 분출, 분출 하다, 용솟음쳐 나오게
bends: 잠함병, 케이슨병. 하다, 지껄여대다, 흘러나오다.
bosky: 숲이 우거진, 나무 그늘이 luxuriance: 풍부, 무성, 다산, 번성,
있는, 숲의. 화려, 화려함.
ripple: 웨이브, 잔물결, 잔물결이
일다, 파문, 웅성웅성하는 소리,
삼바디, 물결모양, 잔 물결,
잔물결소리, 찰랑찰랑, 파문을
일으키다.
sunlight: 햇빛, 일광.
sustaining: 버티는, 자주프로의,
떠받치는, 몸에 좋은, 몸에 기운을
내게 하는.
wreath: 화환, 화관, 원형, 원,
소용돌이.
206 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

phantom handiwork, conjointly, of the Sylphs, of the Fairies, of the Genii and of
the Gnomes.%

Korean
conjointly: 공동으로.
handiwork: 짓, 수세공, 소행, 제작물.
phantom: 환상, 유령, 환영, 꼭두,
유령같은, 가공의, 독깨비, 도깨비,
모형, 외관뿐인 것, 외관뿐인 사람.
 Edgar Allan Poe 207

LANDOR’S COTTAGE

A PENDANT TO “THE DOMAIN OF ARNHEIM”%

During a pedestrian trip last summer, through one or two of the river
counties of New York, I found myself, as the day declined, somewhat
embarrassed about the road I was pursuing. The land undulated very
remarkably; and my path, for the last hour, had wound about and about so
confusedly, in its effort to keep in the valleys, that I no longer knew in what
direction lay the sweet village of B-, where I had determined to stop for the night.
The sun had scarcely shone -- strictly speaking -- during the day, which
nevertheless, had been unpleasantly warm. A smoky mist, resembling that of
the Indian summer, enveloped all things, and of course, added to my
uncertainty. Not that I cared much about the matter. If I did not hit upon the
village before sunset, or even before dark, it was more than possible that a little
Dutch farmhouse, or something of that kind, would soon make its appearance --
although, in fact, the neighborhood (perhaps on account of being more
picturesque than fertile) was very sparsely inhabited. At all events, with my
knapsack for a pillow, and my hound as a sentry, a bivouac in the open air was
just the thing which would have amused me. I sauntered on, therefore, quite at
ease -- Ponto taking charge of my gun -- until at length, just as I had begun to

Korean
bivouac: 야영하다, 야영, 야영지. 사냥하다, 비열한 사나이, 개. 그을은, 매운, 연기와 같은, 검은
embarrassed: 어리둥절한, 궁색한, knapsack: 배낭. 연기투성이의, 침침한, 연기색의.
무안한, 쪼들리는, 창피한, 난처한, mist: 안개, 어린아이, 조금, 적으나마 sparsely: 성기게, 드문드문,
당혹한. 성의있는 기부, 아주작은것, 금액의 드문드문하게, 빈약하게, 희박하게.
farmhouse: 농가. 단위, 소액, 흐림, 이슬비가 내리다, sunset: 말기, 해질녘, 일몰, 저녁놀,
fertile: 번식력이 있는, 비옥한, 안개로 덮다, 안개가 덮이다. 종말, 일물.
다산하는, 풍부한, 다산인, 창조력이 myself: 나 자신, 내자신, 자기. undulated: 파상의.
풍부한, 핵분열 물질의 원료가 될 수 pedestrian: 보행자, 도보의, 진부한, unpleasantly: 불쾌하게, 불유쾌하게.
있는. 도부주의자, 단조로운. wound: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 부상,
hound: 사냥개, 열중하는 사람, sentry: 보초, 파수, 망꾼. 고통, 손해, 사랑의 상처, 상처,
맹렬히 쫓다, 비열한자, 사냥개로 smoky: 연기나는, 거무칙칙한, 상처내다, 부상하게 하다, 손상.
208 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

consider%whether the numerous little glades that led hither and thither, were
intended to be paths at all, I was conducted by one of them into an
unquestionable carriage track. There could be no mistaking it. The traces of light
wheels were evident; and although the tall shrubberies and overgrown
undergrowth met overhead, there was no obstruction whatever below, even to
the passage of a Virginian mountain wagon -- the most aspiring vehicle, I take it,
of its kind. The road, however, except in being open through the wood -- if wood
be not too weighty a name for such an assemblage of light trees -- and except in
the particulars of evident wheel-tracks -- bore no resemblance to any road I had
before seen. The tracks of which I speak were but faintly perceptible -- having
been impressed upon the firm, yet pleasantly moist surface of -- what looked
more like green Genoese velvet than any thing else. It was grass, clearly -- but
grass such as we seldom see out of England -- so short, so thick, so even, and so
vivid in color. Not a single impediment lay in the wheel-route -- not even a chip
or dead twig. The stones that once obstructed the way had been carefully placed
-- not thrown-along the sides of the lane, so as to define its boundaries at bottom
with a kind of half-precise, half-negligent, and wholly picturesque definition.
Clumps of wild flowers grew everywhere, luxuriantly, in the interspaces.
What to make of all this, of course I knew not. Here was art undoubtedly --
that did not surprise me -- all roads, in the ordinary sense, are works of art; nor
can I say that there was much to wonder at in the mere excess of art manifested;
all that seemed to have been done, might have been done here -- with such
natural “capabilities” (as they have it in the books on Landscape Gardening) --
with very little labor and expense. No; it was not the amount but the character of
the art which caused me to take a seat on one of the blossomy stones and gaze
up and down this fairy -- like avenue for half an hour or more in bewildered
admiration. One thing became more and more evident the longer I gazed: an
artist, and one with a most scrupulous eye for form, had superintended all these
arrangements. The greatest care had been taken to preserve a due medium
between the neat and graceful on the one hand, and the pittoresque, in the true
sense of the Italian term, on the other. There were few straight, and no long
uninterrupted lines. The same effect of curvature or of color appeared twice,

aspiring: 큰뜻이 있는, 갈망하는,
열망하는, 상승하는, 대망을 품고
있는.
assemblage: 조립, 모임, 집합, 집회,
회음, 아상블라주, 회중.
blossomy: 꽃이 한창인, 꽃으로
두덮인.
curvature: 만곡, 곡률, 휨, 뒤틀림,
굽음, 곡도.
impressed: 감명을 받아, 감명하여.
obstruction: 방해, 장애, 장애물,
Korean
방해물, 의사 방해, 지장. 작은 가지, 점대.
overgrown: 너무 크게 자란, 너무 undergrowth: 덤불, 발육부진전, 관목,
자란, 전면에 우거진, 지나치게 자란, 발육 불충분, 잔털.
키가 너무 큰, 전면에무성한, unquestionable: 의심할 여지가 없는,
꼴사나운, 볼꼴사나운, 너무커진, 더할 나위 없는, 나무랄 데 없는,
식물이 너무 무성한, 사람이 너무 의심할 나위 없는.
크게 자란. wagon: 짐차, 무개화차, 짐마차,
pleasantly: 유쾌하게, 상냥하게, 짐마차로 수송하다, 짐마차로
즐겁게, 쾌활하게. 여행하다, 북두칠성, 배달용 트럭,
twig: 알다, 깨닫다, 이해하다, 잔 가지, 물건 파는 수레, 무개 화차, 광차,
알아차리다, 가는 가지, 감지하다, 짐마차로 운반하다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 209

usually, but not oftener, at any one point of view. Everywhere was variety in
uniformity. It was a piece of “composition,” in which the most fastidiously
critical taste could scarcely have suggested an emendation.%
I had turned to the right as I entered this road, and now, arising, I continued
in the same direction. The path was so serpentine, that at no moment could I
trace its course for more than two or three paces in advance. Its character did not
undergo any material change.
Presently the murmur of water fell gently upon my ear -- and in a few
moments afterward, as I turned with the road somewhat more abruptly than
hitherto, I became aware that a building of some kind lay at the foot of a gentle
declivity just before me. I could see nothing distinctly on account of the mist
which occupied all the little valley below. A gentle breeze, however, now arose,
as the sun was about descending; and while I remained standing on the brow of
the slope, the fog gradually became dissipated into wreaths, and so floated over
the scene.
As it came fully into view -- thus gradually as I describe it -- piece by piece,
here a tree, there a glimpse of water, and here again the summit of a chimney, I
could scarcely help fancying that the whole was one of the ingenious illusions
sometimes exhibited under the name of “vanishing pictures.”
By the time, however, that the fog had thoroughly disappeared, the sun had
made its way down behind the gentle hills, and thence, as it with a slight chassez
to the south, had come again fully into sight, glaring with a purplish lustre
through a chasm that entered the valley from the west. Suddenly, therefore --
and as if by the hand of magic -- this whole valley and every thing in it became
brilliantly visible.
The first coup d’oeil, as the sun slid into the position described, impressed me
very much as I have been impressed, when a boy, by the concluding scene of
some well-arranged theatrical spectacle or melodrama. Not even the
monstrosity of color was wanting; for the sunlight came out through the chasm,
tinted all orange and purple; while the vivid green of the grass in the valley was
reflected more or less upon all objects from the curtain of vapor that still hung

brilliantly: 훌륭히, 찬연히, 번쩍번쩍,
찬한히, 빈들빈들하게, 재기가 넘쳐.
chimney: 등피, 굴뚝, 분화구, 침니,
굴뚝모양의 것, 대단한 흡연가, 굴뚝
모양의 것.
declivity: 하향, 내리막, 내리받이,
내리받이길.
dissipated: 방탕한, 낭비된,
난봉부리는, 난봉피우는.
fastidiously: 괴팍스럽게, 까다롭게.
fog: 안개, 안개로 덮다, 혼미, 당혹,
Korean
당황케 하다, 흐려지다, 두번째 풀,
안개가 끼다, 풀을 서서 마른 채로
내버려 두다, 선채로 마른 풀, 흐림의.
fully: 충분히, 꼬박, 꼭.
melodrama: 멜로드라마, 권선징악의
통속극, 통속극.
monstrosity: 기형, 괴물, 지독한 행위,
기괴, 거대한 물건.
purple: 화려한, 제왕의, 자줏빛, 왕위,
호화로운, 자주빛의, 고위-자주빛의,
자주빛이 되게하다, 자줏빛의,
호화로운-자주빛이 되게하다, 고위.
purplish: 자줏빛을 띤, 자주빛을 띤,
자주빛의.
serpentine: 사문석, 뱀같은,
꾸불꾸불한, 음험한, 음흉한, 뱀
모양의, 꾸불꾸불 구부러지다, 에스자
곡선, 서펜타인 연못, 뱀춤.
theatrical: 극장의, 연극의, 연극 같은,
연극, 연극조의, 연극적 행동.
undergo: 견디다, 받다, 당하다,
경험하다, 만나다, 겪다, 격다.
210 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

overhead, as if loth to take its total departure from a scene so enchantingly

beautiful.%
The little vale into which I thus peered down from under the fog canopy
could not have been more than four hundred yards long; while in breadth it
varied from fifty to one hundred and fifty or perhaps two hundred. It was most
narrow at its northern extremity, opening out as it tended southwardly, but with
no very precise regularity. The widest portion was within eighty yards of the
southern extreme. The slopes which encompassed the vale could not fairly be
called hills, unless at their northern face. Here a precipitous ledge of granite
arose to a height of some ninety feet; and, as I have mentioned, the valley at this
point was not more than fifty feet wide; but as the visiter proceeded southwardly
from the cliff, he found on his right hand and on his left, declivities at once less
high, less precipitous, and less rocky. All, in a word, sloped and softened to the
south; and yet the whole vale was engirdled by eminences, more or less high,
except at two points. One of these I have already spoken of. It lay considerably to
the north of west, and was where the setting sun made its way, as I have before
described, into the amphitheatre, through a cleanly cut natural cleft in the
granite embankment; this fissure might have been ten yards wide at its widest
point, so far as the eye could trace it. It seemed to lead up, up like a natural
causeway, into the recesses of unexplored mountains and forests. The other
opening was directly at the southern end of the vale. Here, generally, the slopes
were nothing more than gentle inclinations, extending from east to west about
one hundred and fifty yards. In the middle of this extent was a depression, level
with the ordinary floor of the valley. As regards vegetation, as well as in respect
to every thing else, the scene softened and sloped to the south. To the north -- on
the craggy precipice -- a few paces from the verge -- up sprang the magnificent
trunks of numerous hickories, black walnuts, and chestnuts, interspersed with
occasional oak, and the strong lateral branches thrown out by the walnuts
especially, spread far over the edge of the cliff. Proceeding southwardly, the
explorer saw, at first, the same class of trees, but less and less lofty and
Salvatorish in character; then he saw the gentler elm, succeeded by the sassafras
and locust -- these again by the softer linden, red-bud, catalpa, and maple --

Korean
catalpa: 개오동 나무, 개오동나무. elm: 느릅나무. 아카시아, 쥐엄나무 비슷한 상록
chestnuts: 젖통이. embankment: 둑, 축제, 제방, 둑을 교목, 탐식자, 개아가시아.
cleanly: 깨끗한 것을 좋아하는, 솜씨 쌓기, 뎀자의 둑. loth: 싫은, 싫어하여.
있게, 품위 있는, 완전히, 청결한, explorer: 탐험가, 인공위성이름, maple: 단풍, 단풍나무, 단풍나무
완전히-깨끗한 것을 좋아하는, 탐구자, 탐침, 인공 위성, 탐구 하는 재목, 단풍나무 같은, 단풍나무의.
조촐한, 말끔히, 개끗하게, 말쑥한, 사람. regularity: 규칙적임, 정규, 질서,
청결히. ledge: 광맥, 암초, 좁은선반, 창 균형, 정상, 일정불변, 조화.
cleft: 갈라진, 쪼개진, 분열, 갈라진 틈, 따위에서 돌출되어 있는 선반, 선반, sassafras: 사사프라스, 그 뿌리의 말린
오목한 자리, 단절, 갈라진 금, 쪼개진 벽 따위에서 돌출되어 있는 선반. 껍질.
조각. linden: 린덴, 참외나무, 참피나무. southwardly: 남쪽의, 남에서 부는,
cliff: 절벽, 낭떠러지, 벼랑. locust: 메뚜기, 매미, 대식가, 남향의.
 Edgar Allan Poe 211

these%yet again by still more graceful and more modest varieties. The whole face
of the southern declivity was covered with wild shrubbery alone -- an occasional
silver willow or white poplar excepted. In the bottom of the valley itself -- (for it
must be borne in mind that the vegetation hitherto mentioned grew only on the
cliffs or hillsides) -- were to be seen three insulated trees. One was an elm of fine
size and exquisite form: it stood guard over the southern gate of the vale.
Another was a hickory, much larger than the elm, and altogether a much finer
tree, although both were exceedingly beautiful: it seemed to have taken charge of
the northwestern entrance, springing from a group of rocks in the very jaws of
the ravine, and throwing its graceful body, at an angle of nearly forty-five
degrees, far out into the sunshine of the amphitheatre. About thirty yards east of
this tree stood, however, the pride of the valley, and beyond all question the
most magnificent tree I have ever seen, unless, perhaps, among the cypresses of
the Itchiatuckanee. It was a triple -- stemmed tulip-tree -- the Liriodendron
Tulipiferum -- one of the natural order of magnolias. Its three trunks separated
from the parent at about three feet from the soil, and diverging very slightly and
gradually, were not more than four feet apart at the point where the largest stem
shot out into foliage: this was at an elevation of about eighty feet. The whole
height of the principal division was one hundred and twenty feet. Nothing can
surpass in beauty the form, or the glossy, vivid green of the leaves of the tulip-
tree. In the present instance they were fully eight inches wide; but their glory
was altogether eclipsed by the gorgeous splendor of the profuse blossoms.
Conceive, closely congregated, a million of the largest and most resplendent
tulips! Only thus can the reader get any idea of the picture I would convey. And
then the stately grace of the clean, delicately -- granulated columnar stems, the
largest four feet in diameter, at twenty from the ground. The innumerable
blossoms, mingling with those of other trees scarcely less beautiful, although
infinitely less majestic, filled the valley with more than Arabian perfumes.
The general floor of the amphitheatre was grass of the same character as that
I had found in the road; if anything, more deliciously soft, thick, velvety, and
miraculously green. It was hard to conceive how all this beauty had been
attained.

Korean
columnar: 원주의, 종란식으로 일종의 면직물. 꼭지를 떼어낸.
인쇄한, 원주형의. majestic: 당당한, 위엄 있는, sunshine: 햇빛, 맑은 날씨, 명랑,
delicately: 미묘하게, 정교하게, 위엄있는. 양지, 쾌활.
섬세하게, 우아하게, 고상하게. miraculously: 기적적으로. surpass: 보다낫다, 보다 낫다.
deliciously: 맛있게, 유쾌하게. northwestern: 북서의, 서북부의, triple: 세 부분으로 된, 세겹의,
excepted: 제외되어, 예외인. 서북의, 서북에서 부는. 삼중으로 되다, 삼배의 수, 삼배의 양,
granulated: 거죽이 껄껄한, 과립 poplar: 그 재목, 사시나무, 포플라, 삼중으로 하다, 삼배으로 되다,
모양의, 낟알 모양의, 낟알로된, 포플러. 삼루타, 삼배으로 하다, 삼중의.
낟알이 나서 도톨도톨한, 새살을 resplendent: 빛나는, 눈부신, velvety: 부드러운, 촉감이 매끄러운,
이룬. 눈부시게빛나는, 찬란한, 찬연한. 맛이 순한, 벨벳 같은, 벨벳같은,
hickory: 호두과의 나무, 히코리 재목, stemmed: 의 줄기가 달린, 줄기나 혀끝에 닿는 맛이 좋은.
212 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

I %have spoken of two openings into the vale. From the one to the northwest
issued a rivulet, which came, gently murmuring and slightly foaming, down the
ravine, until it dashed against the group of rocks out of which sprang the
insulated hickory. Here, after encircling the tree, it passed on a little to the north
of east, leaving the tulip tree some twenty feet to the south, and making no
decided alteration in its course until it came near the midway between the
eastern and western boundaries of the valley. At this point, after a series of
sweeps, it turned off at right angles and pursued a generally southern direction
meandering as it went -- until it became lost in a small lake of irregular figure
(although roughly oval), that lay gleaming near the lower extremity of the vale.
This lakelet was, perhaps, a hundred yards in diameter at its widest part. No
crystal could be clearer than its waters. Its bottom, which could be distinctly
seen, consisted altogether, of pebbles brilliantly white. Its banks, of the emerald
grass already described, rounded, rather than sloped, off into the clear heaven
below; and so clear was this heaven, so perfectly, at times, did it reflect all objects
above it, that where the true bank ended and where the mimic one commenced,
it was a point of no little difficulty to determine. The trout, and some other
varieties of fish, with which this pond seemed to be almost inconveniently
crowded, had all the appearance of veritable flying-fish. It was almost
impossible to believe that they were not absolutely suspended in the air. A light
birch canoe that lay placidly on the water, was reflected in its minutest fibres
with a fidelity unsurpassed by the most exquisitely polished mirror. A small
island, fairly laughing with flowers in full bloom, and affording little more space
than just enough for a picturesque little building, seemingly a fowl-house -- arose
from the lake not far from its northern shore -- to which it was connected by
means of an inconceivably light -- looking and yet very primitive bridge. It was
formed of a single, broad and thick plank of the tulip wood. This was forty feet
long, and spanned the interval between shore and shore with a slight but very
perceptible arch, preventing all oscillation. From the southern extreme of the
lake issued a continuation of the rivulet, which, after meandering for, perhaps,
thirty yards, finally passed through the “depression” (already described) in the

birch: 자작나무 회초리, 자작나무,
때리다, 자작나무 재목.
continuation: 계속, 연장, 연속, 속편,
지속, 재개, 짧은 바지의 무릎 이하의
부분, 계속됨, 이연, 존속, 이월거래.
exquisitely: 심하게, 절묘하게,
멋지게, 정교하게.
inconveniently: 부자유스럽게,
불편하게, 불편한, 형편이 나쁜.
lakelet: 작은 호수.
meandering: 만담, 만보, 꼬부랑길,
Korean
두서없는.
mimic: 모방의, 흉내내는, 가짜의,
모방자, 흉내를 잘 내는, 흉내내다.
northwest: 북서의, 북서, 의 서북부,
서북쪽에, 서북에서 부는, 서북에,
서북부의, 서북부, 북서쪽으로,
북서에 있는, 북서로부터의.
oscillation: 진동, 한번 흔들기, 마음의
흔들림, 진폭, 흔들림.
plank: 두꺼운 판자, 즉시 지불하다,
밑에 놓다, 판자위에서 구운 채
내놓다, 정강의 조항-판자를 깔다,
의지가 되는 것, 정당의 강령 항목,
즉석에서 지불하다, 당장지불하다, 에
널빤지를 깔다, 강령 항목.
polished: 닦은, 광택이 있는, 세련된,
우아한, 닦아 낸, 갈아 낸.
trout: 송어, 송어를 잡다, 송어의,
송어를 낚다, 추한 노파.
unsurpassed: 탁월한, 능가할 자 없는,
이겨낼 사람 없는.
veritable: 진실의, 실제의.
 Edgar Allan Poe 213

middle of the southern declivity, and tumbling down a sheer precipice of a

hundred feet, made its devious and unnoticed way to the Hudson.%
The lake was deep -- at some points thirty feet -- but the rivulet seldom
exceeded three, while its greatest width was about eight. Its bottom and banks
were as those of the pond -- if a defect could have been attributed, in point of
picturesqueness, it was that of excessive neatness.
The expanse of the green turf was relieved, here and there, by an occasional
showy shrub, such as the hydrangea, or the common snowball, or the aromatic
seringa; or, more frequently, by a clump of geraniums blossoming gorgeously in
great varieties. These latter grew in pots which were carefully buried in the soil,
so as to give the plants the appearance of being indigenous. Besides all this, the
lawn’s velvet was exquisitely spotted with sheep -- a considerable flock of which
roamed about the vale, in company with three tamed deer, and a vast number of
brilliantly -- plumed ducks. A very large mastiff seemed to be in vigilant
attendance upon these animals, each and all.
Along the eastern and western cliffs -- where, toward the upper portion of
the amphitheatre, the boundaries were more or less precipitous -- grew ivy in
great profusion -- so that only here and there could even a glimpse of the naked
rock be obtained. The northern precipice, in like manner, was almost entirely
clothed by grape-vines of rare luxuriance; some springing from the soil at the
base of the cliff, and others from ledges on its face.
The slight elevation which formed the lower boundary of this little domain,
was crowned by a neat stone wall, of sufficient height to prevent the escape of
the deer. Nothing of the fence kind was observable elsewhere; for nowhere else
was an artificial enclosure needed: -- any stray sheep, for example, which should
attempt to make its way out of the vale by means of the ravine, would find its
progress arrested, after a few yards’ advance, by the precipitous ledge of rock
over which tumbled the cascade that had arrested my attention as I first drew
near the domain. In short, the only ingress or egress was through a gate
occupying a rocky pass in the road, a few paces below the point at which I
stopped to reconnoitre the scene.

Korean
aromatic: 묘미있는, 향기로운. 인륜을 벗어난, 정도를 벗어난, showy: 화려한, 허세를 부리는, 눈에
cascade: 직렬, 작은 폭포, 종속, 솔직하지 않은, 멀리 돌아가는. 띄는, 허세부리는.
폭포처럼 떨어뜨리다, 폭포가 되어 expanse: 팽창, 넓은장소, 넓음, 확장, snowball: 눈뭉치, 불두화나무,
떨어지다, 폭포 모양의 레이스 장식, 넓게 퍼진 공간, 넓게 퍼진 장소. 차례차례 권유시키는 모금, 백발의
현애 가꾸기, 인공폭포, 분기폭포, gorgeously: 굉장하게, 화려하게, 흑인, 점점 커지다, 에 눈덩이를
갈라진 폭포, 직렬로 하다. 호화롭게, 찬란하게. 집어던지다, 스노볼, 까마귀밤나무의
clump: 군생하다, 쿵쿵 밟다, 밑창을 hydrangea: 수국. 꽃, 눈덩이 식으로 늘리다, 눈덩이식
대다, 밑창, 덩어리, 무거운 발걸음 mastiff: 맹견의 일종, 마스티프. 모금, 눈싸움을 하다.
소리, 수풀, 풀숲, 응집시키다, 쿵쿵, neatness: 깔끔함, 정연, 단정, 말끔, tumbling: 텀블링.
세균덩어리. 산뜻, 재치있음. vigilant: 자지 않고 지키는, 방심하지
devious: 꾸불꾸불한, 우회하는, reconnoitre: 답사하다, 정찰하다. 않는, 경계하는, 경계하고 있는.
214 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

I have described the brook as meandering very irregularly through the whole
of its course. Its two general directions, as I have said, were first from west to
east, and then from north to south. At the turn, the stream, sweeping backward,
made an almost circular loop, so as to form a peninsula which was very nearly
an island, and which included about the sixteenth of an acre. On this peninsula
stood a dwelling-house -- and when I say that this house, like the infernal terrace
seen by Vathek, “etait d’une architecture inconnue dans les annales de la terre,” I
mean, merely, that its tout ensemble struck me with the keenest sense of
combined novelty and propriety -- in a word, of poetry -- (for, than in the words
just employed, I could scarcely give, of poetry in the abstract, a more rigorous
definition) -- and I do not mean that merely outre was perceptible in any
respect.%
In fact nothing could well be more simple -- more utterly unpretending than
this cottage. Its marvellous effect lay altogether in its artistic arrangement as a
picture. I could have fancied, while I looked at it, that some eminent landscape-
painter had built it with his brush.
The point of view from which I first saw the valley, was not altogether,
although it was nearly, the best point from which to survey the house. I will
therefore describe it as I afterwards saw it -- from a position on the stone wall at
the southern extreme of the amphitheatre.
The main building was about twenty-four feet long and sixteen broad --
certainly not more. Its total height, from the ground to the apex of the roof, could
not have exceeded eighteen feet. To the west end of this structure was attached
one about a third smaller in all its proportions: -- the line of its front standing
back about two yards from that of the larger house, and the line of its roof, of
course, being considerably depressed below that of the roof adjoining. At right
angles to these buildings, and from the rear of the main one -- not exactly in the
middle -- extended a third compartment, very small -- being, in general, one-
third less than the western wing. The roofs of the two larger were very steep --
sweeping down from the ridge-beam with a long concave curve, and extending
at least four feet beyond the walls in front, so as to form the roofs of two piazzas.

Korean
acre: 에이커, 토지, 경작지, 밭, 대량. 실행하기, 죄다, 공중회전, 폐회로, 파죽지세, 전반에 걸친, 불어제침,
brook: 참다, 시내, 견디다, 실개천. 동이다, 고리 모양으로 만들다, 밀어내림, 먼지, 대대적인, 쓰레기,
concave: 요면, 오목면, 오목한, 자벌레, 공중제비, 환상선, 진폭의 소탕.
오목하게 하다, 오목해지다, 요면의, 파복. tout: 상태를 몰래 살피다, 졸라대다,
오목함. novelty: 진기함, 신기로움, 신고안품, 정보를 제공하다, 정보 제공을 업으로
ensemble: 앙상블, 전체적효과, 신형. 삼다, 상태를 살피다, 끈질기게
합창단, 총체, 공연자, 전체. outre: 상도를 벗어난. 요구하다, 강매하다, 성가시도록
infernal: 지옥의, 지독한, 명부의, peninsula: 반도, 아베리아 반도. 권유하다, 예상꾼, 팔다,
악마와 같은, 지긋지긋한, 악마 같은, sixteenth: 열여섯째의, 제육십, 지분지분하게 권하다.
악독한, 무도한, 비인간적인. 열여섯번째의. unpretending: 허세부리지 않은,
loop: 고리, 프로그램중 명령반복 sweeping: 청소, 일소하는, 일소, 겸손한, 삼가는, 인체하지 않는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 215

These latter roofs, of course, needed no support; but as they had the air of
needing it, slight and perfectly plain pillars were inserted at the corners alone.
The roof of the northern wing was merely an extension of a portion of the main
roof. Between the chief building and western wing arose a very tall and rather
slender square chimney of hard Dutch bricks, alternately black and red: -- a
slight cornice of projecting bricks at the top. Over the gables the roofs also
projected very much: -- in the main building about four feet to the east and two
to the west. The principal door was not exactly in the main division, being a little
to the east -- while the two windows were to the west. These latter did not extend
to the floor, but were much longer and narrower than usual -- they had single
shutters like doors -- the panes were of lozenge form, but quite large. The door
itself had its upper half of glass, also in lozenge panes -- a movable shutter
secured it at night. The door to the west wing was in its gable, and quite simple --
a single window looked out to the south. There was no external door to the north
wing, and it also had only one window to the east.%
The blank wall of the eastern gable was relieved by stairs (with a balustrade)
running diagonally across it -- the ascent being from the south. Under cover of
the widely projecting eave these steps gave access to a door leading to the garret,
or rather loft -- for it was lighted only by a single window to the north, and
seemed to have been intended as a store-room.
The piazzas of the main building and western wing had no floors, as is usual;
but at the doors and at each window, large, flat irregular slabs of granite lay
imbedded in the delicious turf, affording comfortable footing in all weather.
Excellent paths of the same material -- not nicely adapted, but with the velvety
sod filling frequent intervals between the stones, led hither and thither from the
house, to a crystal spring about five paces off, to the road, or to one or two out --
houses that lay to the north, beyond the brook, and were thoroughly concealed
by a few locusts and catalpas.
Not more than six steps from the main door of the cottage stood the dead
trunk of a fantastic pear-tree, so clothed from head to foot in the gorgeous
bignonia blossoms that one required no little scrutiny to determine what

Korean
bignonia: 나무의 무리, 능소화, loft: 고미다락, 올려치기, 우주선 쏘아 projecting: 돌출한.
능소화 나무의 무리. 올리다, 위층, 공을 높이 쳐올리다, required: 필수의.
cornice: 처마 장식, 배내기, 벼랑 끝에 저주파 전파 망원경, 지붕 밑 다락방, shutter: 셔터, 덧문, 개폐기, 셔터를
차양처럼 얼어 붙은 눈더미, 벼랑 높이 쳐올리다, 로프트, 비둘기장, 달다, 문을 달다, 덧문을 닫다, 닫는
끝에 차양처럼 얼어붙은 눈더미. 고미다락에 저장하다. 사람, 닫는 것, 겉창을 닫다.
delicious: 맛있는, 멜리셔스, 유쾌한- movable: 움직일 수 있는, 가구, 동산, sod: 잔디, 뗏장, 잔디로 덮다,
멜리셔스, 유쾌한, 상쾌한. 이동할 수 있는-가재, 이동할 수 저승에서, 비역쟁이, 남색자, 잔디를
diagonally: 대각선으로, 비스듬히. 있는, 가재, 움직일 수 있는 것. 입히다, 놈, 뒈지다, 땅.
fantastic: 공상적인, 변덕스러운, nicely: 훌륭하게, 정밀하게, 기분좋게, turf: 잔디, 잔디로 덮다, 토탄, 떼,
상상의, 기묘한, 기이한. 까다롭게, 제대로, 꼼꼼하게, 경마, 한 장의 뗏장, 땟장, 내쫓다,
gable: 박공, 박풍, 박공 구조. 세심하게, 잘, 꼭. 토탄을 캐다, 경마장.
216 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

manner of sweet thing it could be. From various arms of this tree hung cages of
different kinds. In one, a large wicker cylinder with a ring at top, revelled a
mocking bird; in another an oriole; in a third the impudent bobolink -- while
three or four more delicate prisons were loudly vocal with canaries.%
The pillars of the piazza were enwreathed in jasmine and sweet honeysuckle;
while from the angle formed by the main structure and its west wing, in front,
sprang a grape-vine of unexampled luxuriance. Scorning all restraint, it had
clambered first to the lower roof -- then to the higher; and along the ridge of this
latter it continued to writhe on, throwing out tendrils to the right and left, until at
length it fairly attained the east gable, and fell trailing over the stairs.
The whole house, with its wings, was constructed of the old-fashioned Dutch
shingles -- broad, and with unrounded corners. It is a peculiarity of this material
to give houses built of it the appearance of being wider at bottom than at top --
after the manner of Egyptian architecture; and in the present instance, this
exceedingly picturesque effect was aided by numerous pots of gorgeous flowers
that almost encompassed the base of the buildings.
The shingles were painted a dull gray; and the happiness with which this
neutral tint melted into the vivid green of the tulip tree leaves that partially
overshadowed the cottage, can readily be conceived by an artist.
From the position near the stone wall, as described, the buildings were seen
at great advantage -- for the southeastern angle was thrown forward -- so that
the eye took in at once the whole of the two fronts, with the picturesque eastern
gable, and at the same time obtained just a sufficient glimpse of the northern
wing, with parts of a pretty roof to the spring-house, and nearly half of a light
bridge that spanned the brook in the near vicinity of the main buildings.
I did not remain very long on the brow of the hill, although long enough to
make a thorough survey of the scene at my feet. It was clear that I had wandered
from the road to the village, and I had thus good traveller’s excuse to open the
gate before me, and inquire my way, at all events; so, without more ado, I
proceeded.

Korean
ado: 소동, 법석, 야단 법석. 광장, 광장.
bobolink: 쌀새류, 쌀먹이새. restraint: 속박, 억제, 자제, 구속,
impudent: 뻔뻔스러운, 건방진, 감금, 제지, 출항금지, 억제력, 조심,
염치없는. 금지, 구속하는 것.
inquire: 문의하다, 묻다, 조사하다, shingles: 대상포진, 대상 포진.
질문하다. southeastern: 남동의,
jasmine: 재스민 속, 재스민속의 식물, 남동으로부터의, 남동에 있는,
재스민 향, 재스민 향수, 여자 이름. 남동으로의, 미국 남동부 특유의,
oriole: 꾀꼬리의 일종, 미국꾀꼬리, 미국 남동부의.
미국꾀꼬리 북미산, 꾀꼬리. trailing: 길게 나부끼는, 질질끌리는,
piazza: 베란다, 특히 이탈리아 도시의 기는.
unexampled: 비할데 없는, 전례 없는,
전례가 없는, 유례가 없는.
unrounded: 입술을 둥글게 하지 않고
발음한.
vocal: 유성음의, 목소리의, 목소리를
내는, 성악의, 음성의, 목소리,
소리나는, 속삭이는, 구두의, 보컬,
유성음.
wicker: 채그릇 세공의, 채로 만든,
채그릇세공, 채, 작은 가지로 만든,
작은 가지, 고리버들 세공.
 Edgar Allan Poe 217

The road, after passing the gate, seemed to lie upon a natural ledge, sloping
gradually down along the face of the north-eastern cliffs. It led me on to the foot
of the northern precipice, and thence over the bridge, round by the eastern gable
to the front door. In this progress, I took notice that no sight of the out-houses
could be obtained.%
As I turned the corner of the gable, the mastiff bounded towards me in stern
silence, but with the eye and the whole air of a tiger. I held him out my hand,
however, in token of amity -- and I never yet knew the dog who was proof
against such an appeal to his courtesy. He not only shut his mouth and wagged
his tail, but absolutely offered me his paw-afterward extending his civilities to
Ponto.
As no bell was discernible, I rapped with my stick against the door, which
stood half open. Instantly a figure advanced to the threshold -- that of a young
woman about twenty-eight years of age -- slender, or rather slight, and
somewhat above the medium height. As she approached, with a certain modest
decision of step altogether indescribable. I said to myself, “Surely here I have
found the perfection of natural, in contradistinction from artificial grace.” The
second impression which she made on me, but by far the more vivid of the two,
was that of enthusiasm. So intense an expression of romance, perhaps I should
call it, or of unworldliness, as that which gleamed from her deep-set eyes, had
never so sunk into my heart of hearts before. I know not how it is, but this
peculiar expression of the eye, wreathing itself occasionally into the lips, is the
most powerful, if not absolutely the sole spell, which rivets my interest in
woman. “Romance, provided my readers fully comprehended what I would here
imply by the word -- “romance” and “womanliness” seem to me convertible
terms: and, after all, what man truly loves in woman, is simply her womanhood.
The eyes of Annie (I heard some one from the interior call her “Annie, darling!”)
were “spiritual grey;” her hair, a light chestnut: this is all I had time to observe of
her.
At her most courteous of invitations, I entered -- passing first into a tolerably
wide vestibule. Having come mainly to observe, I took notice that to my right as

Korean
amity: 침목, 친화, 친목. 자동차, 뜻이 같은, 전환할 수 있는 sloping: 경사진, 비스듬한, 비탈진.
chestnut: 진부한 이야기, 밤, 밤색, 사물, 환위할 수 있는, 차환할 수 tiger: 범, 호랑이, 강적, 포악한 사람,
밤나무, 밤색의, 젖퉁이, 서양칠엽수, 있는. 최저의 수, 호랑이 잔인한 남자,
밤색 털의 말, 구렁말, 밤나무목재, courteous: 예의바른, 정중한, 친절한. 호랑이 같은 남자, 호랑이 사나운
불알. deep-set: 깊이 파인, 뿌리 깊은. 남자, 만세 삼창 후에 붙이는.
contradistinction: 대비, 대조 구별, romance: 로맨스, 전기소설, 꾸며낸 vestibule: 현관, 전정, 문간방, 연랑,
대조. 이야기를 하다, 연애 사건, 허구, 연결 복도를 설치하다, 접근로, 차
convertible: 바꿀 수 있는, 지붕을 로망스말의, 모험소설, 로망스말 대는 곳, 출입방, 에 입구방을
접을 수 있는, 바꾸어 말할 수 있는, 계통의, 꾸민 이야기를 하다, 설치하다.
개종시킬 수 있는, 환산할 수 있는, 가공적인 이야기, 가공적으로 만들어 womanhood: 여자임, 여자다움, 여성,
태환성의, 지붕을 접을 수 있게 된 내다. 여자.
218 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

I stepped in, was a window, such as those in front of the house; to the left, a door
leading into the principal room; while, opposite me, an open door enabled me to
see a small apartment, just the size of the vestibule, arranged as a study, and
having a large bow window looking out to the north.%
Passing into the parlor, I found myself with Mr. Landor -- for this, I
afterwards found, was his name. He was civil, even cordial in his manner, but
just then, I was more intent on observing the arrangements of the dwelling which
had so much interested me, than the personal appearance of the tenant.
The north wing, I now saw, was a bed-chamber, its door opened into the
parlor. West of this door was a single window, looking toward the brook. At the
west end of the parlor, were a fireplace, and a door leading into the west wing --
probably a kitchen.
Nothing could be more rigorously simple than the furniture of the parlor. On
the floor was an ingrain carpet, of excellent texture -- a white ground, spotted
with small circular green figures. At the windows were curtains of snowy white
jaconet muslin: they were tolerably full, and hung decisively, perhaps rather
formally in sharp, parallel plaits to the floor -- just to the floor. The walls were
prepared with a French paper of great delicacy, a silver ground, with a faint
green cord running zig-zag throughout. Its expanse was relieved merely by three
of Julien’s exquisite lithographs a trois crayons, fastened to the wall without
frames. One of these drawings was a scene of Oriental luxury, or rather
voluptuousness; another was a “carnival piece,” spirited beyond compare; the
third was a Greek female head -- a face so divinely beautiful, and yet of an
expression so provokingly indeterminate, never before arrested my attention.
The more substantial furniture consisted of a round table, a few chairs
(including a large rocking-chair), and a sofa, or rather “settee;” its material was
plain maple painted a creamy white, slightly interstriped with green; the seat of
cane. The chairs and table were “to match,” but the forms of all had evidently
been designed by the same brain which planned “the grounds;” it is impossible
to conceive anything more graceful.

Korean
cordial: 강심제, 강장제, 코디얼, ingrain: 깊이 베어든, 실에 물들인, 따위의 특별 담화실, 특별 휴게실,
원기를 돋구는, 충심으로부터의, 섬유에 물들인, 짜기 전에 염색한, 특별 담화실, 클럽 따위의 특별
달콤한술, 과일주스에 물을 탄 음료, 짜기 전에 염색한 융단, 짜기 전에 휴게실, 클럽 따위의 특별 담화실,
강심성의, 성실한, 성심성의의, 주스. 염색하다, 원료 염색한 털실, 원래 객실풍으로 설비한 영업소.
creamy: 크림색의, 크림 모양의, 스며들게하다, 섬유, 뿌리깊은, 깊이 provokingly: 성날 정도로,
크림을 함유한, 크림모양의, 뿌리 박히게 하다. 자극적으로.
반들반들하고 말랑말랑한, 크림이 jaconet: 엷은 흰 무명, 한 쪽을 윤낸 snowy: 오점이 없는, 눈의, 눈이 오는,
많은. 염색한 무명. 눈이 쌓인, 눈이 썅 눈같은, 설백의,
decisively: 결정적으로, 단호하게. muslin: 모슬린, 무명 모슬린, 캘리코. 눈이 많은, 순백의.
divinely: 신처럼, 신과 같이, 신에 parlor: 객실, 거실, 영업실, 담화실, spirited: 활기찬, 원기 있는, 정신의,
의하여, 신의힘으로, 거룩하게. 호텔 따위의 특별 휴게실, 호텔 한 정신을 가진, 힘찬.
 Edgar Allan Poe 219

On the table were a few books, a large, square, crystal bottle of some novel
perfume, a plain ground -- glass astral (not solar) lamp with an Italian shade,
and a large vase of resplendently-blooming flowers. Flowers, indeed, of
gorgeous colours and delicate odour formed the sole mere decoration of the
apartment. The fire-place was nearly filled with a vase of brilliant geranium. On
a triangular shelf in each angle of the room stood also a similar vase, varied only
as to its lovely contents. One or two smaller bouquets adorned the mantel, and
late violets clustered about the open windows.%
It is not the purpose of this work to do more than give in detail, a picture of
Mr. Landor’s residence -- as I found it. How he made it what it was -- and why --
with some particulars of Mr. Landor himself -- may, possibly form the subject of
another article.

astral: 별의, 별로부터의, 별이 많은.
crystal: 수정, 광석, 수정 제품, 수정의,
컷글라스, 결정체, 결정, 수정 구슬,
컷글라스로 만든 식기류, 수정점,
크리스털유리.
decoration: 장식, 훈장, 장식품, 서훈,
장식법.
delicate: 섬세한, 허약한, 고상한,
정묘한, 미묘한, 민감한, 우아한, 솜씨
좋은, 세심한 주의가 필요한, 정밀한,
맛좋은.
Korean
geranium: 제라늄, 선홍색, 양아욱. 바위턱, 시령, 암초, 암붕, 평층.
mantel: 벽로 선반, 벽로의 앞 장식, solar: 태양의, 태양의 운행에 의해
벽로의 장식, 벽난로의 앞장식, 측정한, 햇빛을 이용한, 태양에서
벽난로 선반. 오는, 태양의 운행에 의하여
plain: 명백한, 평이한, 쉬운, 보통의, 정해지는, 태양의 작용에 의한,
솔직한, 소박한, 평탄한, 단순한, 일광욕실, 태양 광선을 이용한.
예쁘지 않은, 무늬없는, 평지. triangular: 삼각의, 삼자간의, 삼자의,
residence: 거주, 주택, 주소, 주재, 삼각형의.
소재, 체재, 거류, 주거, 대저택, 저택, varied: 변화있는, 가지가지의, 변한,
체재 기간. 여러 가지의, 변화 있는, 변화 많은.
shelf: 선반, 모래톱, 모양의 장소, vase: 꽃병, 병, 단지, 병 장식.
220 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

WILLIAM %WILSON

What say of it? what say [of] CONSCIENCE grim,

That spectre in my path?
--Chamberlayne’s Pharronida

Let me call myself, for the present, William Wilson. The fair page now lying
before me need not be sullied with my real appellation. This has been already too
much an object for the scorn -- for the horror -- for the detestation of my race. To
the uttermost regions of the globe have not the indignant winds bruited its
unparalleled infamy? Oh, outcast of all outcasts most abandoned! -- to the earth
art thou not forever dead? to its honors, to its flowers, to its golden aspirations? --
and a cloud, dense, dismal, and limitless, does it not hang eternally between thy
hopes and heaven?
I would not, if I could, here or to-day, embody a record of my later years of
unspeakable misery, and unpardonable crime. This epoch -- these later years --
took unto themselves a sudden elevation in turpitude, whose origin alone it is
my present purpose to assign. Men usually grow base by degrees. From me, in
an instant, all virtue dropped bodily as a mantle. From comparatively trivial
wickedness I passed, with the stride of a giant, into more than the enormities of

Korean
assign: 지정하다, 할당하다, 양도하다, mantle: 덮개, 맨틀, 망토, 덮다, spectre: 유령, 요괴, 무서운 것.
명하다, 돌리다, 맡기다, 배당하다, 에 여자의 소매 없는 외투, 망토로 싸다, stride: 쉽사리 헤어나다, 한걸음,
돌리다, 양수인, 배속하다, 선임하다. 벽난로 선반, 벽난로의 앞장식, 활보하다, 큰걸음, 큰 걸음으로 걷다,
detestation: 혐오, 몹시 싫은 것, 심한 액체에 더껑이가 앉다, 더껑이가 성큼넘다, 급히 가다, 큰 걸음, 걸터
혐오, 아주 싫은 것, 아주 싫어함. 앉다. 앉다, 한걸음의 폭, 걸터 서다.
dismal: 쓸쓸한, 음침한, 무시무시한, outcast: 버림받은, 집없는, 추방자, trivial: 하찮은, 평범한, 보잘것 없는,
참담한, 어두운, 비참한. 배척받은, 버림받은사람, 추방된, 보통의, 하찮은 일, 진부한.
globe: 지구, 공, 지구의, 공 모양의 추방된 사람. turpitude: 비열, 배덕.
물건, 구체, 공 모양으로 하다, 공 scorn: 경멸하다, 경멸, 떳떳하게 unpardonable: 용서할 수 없는,
모양의 것. 여기지 않다, 냉소하다, 경멸받는 것, 용납할 수 없는.
indignant: 분개한, 성난. 거절하다, 조소하다, 경멸받는 사람. wickedness: 사악함, 심술궂음, 사악.
 Edgar Allan Poe 221

an%Elah-Gabalus. What chance -- what one event brought this evil thing to pass,
bear with me while I relate. Death approaches; and the shadow which foreruns
him has thrown a softening influence over my spirit. I long, in passing through
the dim valley, for the sympathy -- I had nearly said for the pity -- of my fellow
men. I would fain have them believe that I have been, in some measure, the slave
of circumstances beyond human control. I would wish them to seek out for me,
in the details I am about to give, some little oasis of fatality amid a wilderness of
error. I would have them allow -- what they cannot refrain from allowing -- that,
although temptation may have erewhile existed as great, man was never thus, at
least, tempted before -- certainly, never thus fell. And is it therefore that he has
never thus suffered? Have I not indeed been living in a dream? And am I not
now dying a victim to the horror and the mystery of the wildest of all sublunary
visions?
I am the descendant of a race whose imaginative and easily excitable
temperament has at all times rendered them remarkable; and, in my earliest
infancy, I gave evidence of having fully inherited the family character. As I
advanced in years it was more strongly developed; becoming, for many reasons,
a cause of serious disquietude to my friends, and of positive injury to myself. I
grew self-willed, addicted to the wildest caprices, and a prey to the most
ungovernable passions. Weak-minded, and beset with constitutional infirmities
akin to my own, my parents could do but little to check the evil propensities
which distinguished me. Some feeble and ill-directed efforts resulted in complete
failure on their part, and, of course, in total triumph on mine. Thenceforward my
voice was a household law; and at an age when few children have abandoned
their leading-strings, I was left to the guidance of my own will, and became, in
all but name, the master of my own actions.
My earliest recollections of a school-life, are connected with a large,
rambling, Elizabethan house, in a misty-looking village of England, where were
a vast number of gigantic and gnarled trees, and where all the houses were
excessively ancient. In truth, it was a dream-like and spirit-soothing place, that
venerable old town. At this moment, in fancy, I feel the refreshing chilliness of

Korean
addicted: 사용하여, 탐닉하여, 빠져, 마디투성이의, 울퉁불퉁한, recollections: 추억.
열중하여, 중독 되어. 우락부락한, 곤란한, 마디가 많은, self-willed: 제멋대로의, 자기 주장의,
beset: 공격하다, 꾸미다, 괴롭히다, 혹투성이의. 고집센.
둘러싸다, 방해하다, 범하기 쉬운, inherited: 상속한는. softening: 연수법, 연화, 노망, 뇌연화,
빠지기 쉬운, 습격하다, 포위하다, oasis: 오아시스, 위안의 장소. 우둔.
장식하다, 에 박아 넣다. rambling: 산만한, 덩굴지는, sublunary: 이 세상의, 지상의, 월하의,
descendant: 자손. 흩어져있는, 할 일없이 거니는, 달 밑의.
disquietude: 불안한 상태, 동요, 걱정, 한가로이 걷는, 어스렁거리는, venerable: 부주교님, 존경할 만한,
불온, 불안. 사방으로 뻗은, 두서없는, 가경자, 나이 먹어 존엄한, 오래되어
erewhile: 조금전에. 꾸불꾸불한, 균형이 잡혀지지 않은, 숭엄한, 오래된.
gnarled: 비꼬인, 비뚤어진, 구불구불 뻗은. weak-minded: 마음이 약한, 저능한.
222 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

its deeply-shadowed avenues, inhale the fragrance of its thousand shrubberies,

and thrill anew with undefinable delight, at the deep hollow note of the church-
bell, breaking, each hour, with sullen and sudden roar, upon the stillness of the
dusky atmosphere in which the fretted Gothic steeple lay imbedded and
asleep.%
It gives me, perhaps, as much of pleasure as I can now in any manner
experience, to dwell upon minute recollections of the school and its concerns.
Steeped in misery as I am -- misery, alas! only too real -- I shall be pardoned for
seeking relief, however slight and temporary, in the weakness of a few rambling
details. These, moreover, utterly trivial, and even ridiculous in themselves,
assume, to my fancy, adventitious importance, as connected with a period and a
locality when and where I recognise the first ambiguous monitions of the destiny
which afterwards so fully overshadowed me. Let me then remember.
The house, I have said, was old and irregular. The grounds were extensive,
and a high and solid brick wall, topped with a bed of mortar and broken glass,
encompassed the whole. This prison-like rampart formed the limit of our
domain; beyond it we saw but thrice a week -- once every Saturday afternoon,
when, attended by two ushers, we were permitted to take brief walks in a body
through some of the neighbouring fields -- and twice during Sunday, when we
were paraded in the same formal manner to the morning and evening service in
the one church of the village. Of this church the principal of our school was
pastor. With how deep a spirit of wonder and perplexity was I wont to regard
him from our remote pew in the gallery, as, with step solemn and slow, he
ascended the pulpit! This reverend man, with countenance so demurely benign,
with robes so glossy and so clerically flowing, with wig so minutely powdered,
so rigid and so vast, -- -could this be he who, of late, with sour visage, and in
snuffy habiliments, administered, ferule in hand, the Draconian laws of the
academy? Oh, gigantic paradox, too utterly monstrous for solution!
At an angle of the ponderous wall frowned a more ponderous gate. It was
riveted and studded with iron bolts, and surmounted with jagged iron spikes.
What impressions of deep awe did it inspire! It was never opened save for the

Korean
adventitious: 이례의 장소에서 나무막대기, 매로 때려 벌주다, 물미, 목사.
발생하는, 우발의, 우연의, 우발적인. 엄격한 학교 훈육. pew: 펜치형 좌석, 교회의 가족석,
anew: 재차, 다시, 새로이, 다시 한번. fragrance: 방향, 향기로움. 좌석, 자리, 교회의 좌석.
benign: 온화한, 친절한, 인정많은, inhale: 흡입하다, 빨아들이다, powdered: 가루모양의, 가루의.
양서의, 상냥한, 유순한, 인자한. 담배연기를 폐까지 들이마시다, snuffy: 성낸, 코담배같은, 역겨운,
clerically: 성직자답게, 목사로서, 들이쉬다. 부루퉁한, 화난, 코담배색의, 코담배
서기로서. jagged: 톱니 모양의, 들쭉날쭉하게 냄새나는.
demurely: 점잔빼게, 진지하게, 된, 들쭉날쭉한, 이상하게 된, 바위 steeped: 깊이 스며든, 액체에 담근,
침착하게. 따위의 톱니와 같은, 톱니와 같은. 뒤덮인, 둘러싸인.
dusky: 거무스름한, 어스레한, 음울한. moreover: 더욱이, 그 위에. steeple: 뾰족탑, 뾰족한 탑.
ferule: 매, 손 때리는 매로 때리다, pastor: 정신적 지도자, 주임 목사, thrice: 매우, 세번, 세 번, 몇 번이고.
 Edgar Allan Poe 223

three periodical egressions and ingressions already mentioned; then, in every

creak of its mighty hinges, we found a plenitude of mystery -- a world of matter
for solemn remark, or for more solemn meditation.%
The extensive enclosure was irregular in form, having many capacious
recesses. Of these, three or four of the largest constituted the play-ground. It was
level, and covered with fine hard gravel. I well remember it had no trees, nor
benches, nor anything similar within it. Of course it was in the rear of the house.
In front lay a small parterre, planted with box and other shrubs; but through this
sacred division we passed only upon rare occasions indeed -- such as a first
advent to school or final departure thence, or perhaps, when a parent or friend
having called for us, we joyfully took our way home for the Christmas or
Midsummer holy-days.
But the house! -- how quaint an old building was this! -- to me how veritably
a palace of enchantment! There was really no end to its windings -- to its
incomprehensible subdivisions. It was difficult, at any given time, to say with
certainty upon which of its two stories one happened to be. From each room to
every other there were sure to be found three or four steps either in ascent or
descent. Then the lateral branches were innumerable -- inconceivable -- and so
returning in upon themselves, that our most exact ideas in regard to the whole
mansion were not very far different from those with which we pondered upon
infinity. During the five years of my residence here, I was never able to ascertain
with precision, in what remote locality lay the little sleeping apartment assigned
to myself and some eighteen or twenty other scholars.
The school-room was the largest in the house -- I could not help thinking, in
the world. It was very long, narrow, and dismally low, with pointed Gothic
windows and a ceiling of oak. In a remote and terror-inspiring angle was a
square enclosure of eight or ten feet, comprising the sanctum, “during hours,” of
our principal, the Reverend Dr. Bransby. It was a solid structure, with massy
door, sooner than open which in the absence of the “Dominic,” we would all
have willingly perished by the peine forte et dure. In other angles were two
other similar boxes, far less reverenced, indeed, but still greatly matters of awe.

Korean
advent: 출현, 예수의 강림, 도래, forte: 장점, 칼 몸의 가장 강한 부분, 잔디밭.
그리스도의 강림, 그리스도의 강생. 장기, 강음자리, 강음의, 강하게, plenitude: 풍부, 완전, 충분.
ascertain: 확인하다, 알아내다, 을 특기, 강음 자리. quaint: 고풍이며 아취 있는, 색다르고
확인하다, 확실히 하다, 명백히 하다. gravel: 자갈, 괴롭히다, 결사, 재미있는, 기이한, 별스러워
capacious: 널찍한, 용량이 큰, 난치하게 하다, 난처하게 하다, 재미있는.
큼지막한, 포용력이 있는, 넓은. 요석증, 요석. sanctum: 사실, 성소, 서재, 밀실,
creak: 삐걱거리다, 삐걱거리는 소리, joyfully: 즐겁게. 신성한 장소.
삐걱거리게 하다, 삐걱거림, parterre: 무대 앞부분의뒤쪽좌석, sleeping: 수면.
키익키익울리는 소리. 무대부분의뒤쪽좌석, 꽃밭이 있는 sooner: 선구적 이주자, 선구이주민,
dismally: 음침하게, 비참하게, 잔디밭, 미국에서는2층관람석의아래, 선수치는 사람.
음산하게. 여러 가지 모양의 꽃밭이 있는 willingly: 자진해서, 기꺼이, 쾌히.
224 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

One of these was the pulpit of the “classical” usher, one of the “English and
mathematical.” Interspersed about the room, crossing and recrossing in endless
irregularity, were innumerable benches and desks, black, ancient, and time-
worn, piled desperately with much-bethumbed books, and so beseamed with
initial letters, names at full length, grotesque figures, and other multiplied efforts
of the knife, as to have entirely lost what little of original form might have been
their portion in days long departed. A huge bucket with water stood at one
extremity of the room, and a clock of stupendous dimensions at the other.%
Encompassed by the massy walls of this venerable academy, I passed, yet not
in tedium or disgust, the years of the third lustrum of my life. The teeming brain
of childhood requires no external world of incident to occupy or amuse it; and
the apparently dismal monotony of a school was replete with more intense
excitement than my riper youth has derived from luxury, or my full manhood
from crime. Yet I must believe that my first mental development had in it much
of the uncommon -- even much of the outre. Upon mankind at large the events
of very early existence rarely leave in mature age any definite impression. All is
gray shadow -- a weak and irregular remembrance -- an indistinct regathering of
feeble pleasures and phantasmagoric pains. With me this is not so. In childhood I
must have felt with the energy of a man what I now find stamped upon memory
in lines as vivid, as deep, and as durable as the exergues of the Carthaginian
medals.
Yet in fact -- in the fact of the world’s view -- how little was there to
remember! The morning’s awakening, the nightly summons to bed; the
connings, the recitations; the periodical half-holidays, and perambulations; the
play-ground, with its broils, its pastimes, its intrigues; -- these, by a mental
sorcery long forgotten, were made to involve a wilderness of sensation, a world
of rich incident, an universe of varied emotion, of excitement the most passionate
and spirit-stirring. “Oh, le bon temps, que ce siecle de fer!”
In truth, the ardor, the enthusiasm, and the imperiousness of my disposition,
soon rendered me a marked character among my schoolmates, and by slow, but
natural gradations, gave me an ascendancy over all not greatly older than myself;

Korean
ardor: 열심, 열정, 열의. 포경선의 이물의 난간으로 둘러싸인
bon: 안녕하십니까. 작살을 던지기 위한 대, 설교자,
durable: 오래견디는, 튼튼한, 난간으로 둘러싸인 작살을 던지기
지속하는, 내구재, 영속성 있는. 위한 대.
imperiousness: 전제적인, 건강진, sorcery: 마법, 마술.
긴급한. stupendous: 굉장한, 엄청난, 깜짝
lustrum: 대재계, 인구 조사, 재계식, 놀랄 만한.
재계, 오년간. summons: 소환, 소집, 호출, 법정에
monotony: 단조로움, 단음, 단조. 소환하다, 호출하다, 소환하다, 출두
pains: 고생. 명령.
pulpit: 설교단, 조종석, 목사, 설교, tedium: 권태, 지겨움.
teeming: 풍부한, 우글우글한, 지식이
많은, 새끼가 많은, 다산의, 넘치는,
풍부함.
time-worn: 오래되어 낡은, 케케묵은.
uncommon: 드문, 비범한, 이상한,
흔하지 않은, 보통 아닌.
usher: 수위, 안내하다, 조교사,
안내인, 안내를 맡은 사람, 접수계,
전갈하다, 전갈하는 사람, 선도
임무를 맡다, 안내 임무를 맡다,
예고하다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 225

-- over all with a single exception. This exception was found in the person of a
scholar, who, although no relation, bore the same Christian and surname as
myself; -- a circumstance, in fact, little remarkable; for, notwithstanding a noble
descent, mine was one of those everyday appellations which seem, by
prescriptive right, to have been, time out of mind, the common property of the
mob. In this narrative I have therefore designated myself as William Wilson, -- a
fictitious title not very dissimilar to the real. My namesake alone, of those who in
school phraseology constituted “our set,” presumed to compete with me in the
studies of the class -- in the sports and broils of the play-ground -- to refuse
implicit belief in my assertions, and submission to my will -- indeed, to interfere
with my arbitrary dictation in any respect whatsoever. If there is on earth a
supreme and unqualified despotism, it is the despotism of a master mind in
boyhood over the less energetic spirits of its companions.%
Wilson’s rebellion was to me a source of the greatest embarrassment; -- the
more so as, in spite of the bravado with which in public I made a point of
treating him and his pretensions, I secretly felt that I feared him, and could not
help thinking the equality which he maintained so easily with myself, a proof of
his true superiority; since not to be overcome cost me a perpetual struggle. Yet
this superiority -- even this equality -- was in truth acknowledged by no one but
myself; our associates, by some unaccountable blindness, seemed not even to
suspect it. Indeed, his competition, his resistance, and especially his impertinent
and dogged interference with my purposes, were not more pointed than private.
He appeared to be destitute alike of the ambition which urged, and of the
passionate energy of mind which enabled me to excel. In his rivalry he might
have been supposed actuated solely by a whimsical desire to thwart, astonish,
or mortify myself; although there were times when I could not help observing,
with a feeling made up of wonder, abasement, and pique, that he mingled with
his injuries, his insults, or his contradictions, a certain most inappropriate, and
assuredly most unwelcome affectionateness of manner. I could only conceive this
singular behavior to arise from a consummate self-conceit assuming the vulgar
airs of patronage and protection.

Korean
abasement: 실추, 굴욕. 받아 쓰기, 구술, 받아 쓴 것. 따위를 자아내다, 성남, 피케,
astonish: 놀라게하다, 깜짝 놀라게 mortify: 억제하다, 탈저에 걸리다, 지르퉁함, 지르퉁함-성나게 하다,
하다, 놀라게 하다, 몹시 놀라게 하다. 굴욕을 느끼게 하다, 상하게 하다, 성나게 하다, 의 감정을 상하게 하다.
consummate: 완전한, 유능한, 마치다, 감정 따위를 억제하다, 에게 굴욕을 self-conceit: 자부심, 허영심.
완성된, 완성하다, 이루다, 극점에 느끼게 하다, 정욕 따위를 억제하다. thwart: 반대하다, 카누의 창막이,
달하게 하다, 더없는, 무상의, namesake: 이름을 받은 사람, 이름이 좌절시키다, 보트나 카누의 가로장,
성취하다, 신방에 들어완성시키다. 같은 사람, 같은 이름의 사람, 어떤 가로질러, 가로지른, 방해하다,
despotism: 압제, 전제국, 전제 정치, 사람의 이름을 딴 사람, 이름을 딴 훼방놓다, 가로놓인, 보트 젓는
전제정치, 독재정치, 압박, 독재제, 사람. 사람의 좌석, 을 가로질러서.
독재자 행세, 전제정부. pique: 자랑하다, 감정을 상하게 하다, whimsical: 변덕스러운, 별난, 이상한,
dictation: 명령, 지령, 받아쓰기, 수술, 골지게 짠 무명, 기분이 언짢음, 흥미 묘한, 기분적인.
226 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

Perhaps it was this latter trait in Wilson’s conduct, conjoined with our
identity of name, and the mere accident of our having entered the school upon
the same day, which set afloat the notion that we were brothers, among the
senior classes in the academy. These do not usually inquire with much strictness
into the affairs of their juniors. I have before said, or should have said, that
Wilson was not, in the most remote degree, connected with my family. But
assuredly if we had been brothers we must have been twins; for, after leaving
Dr. Bransby’s, I casually learned that my namesake was born on the nineteenth
of January, 1813 -- and this is a somewhat remarkable coincidence; for the day is
precisely that of my own nativity.%
It may seem strange that in spite of the continual anxiety occasioned me by
the rivalry of Wilson, and his intolerable spirit of contradiction, I could not bring
myself to hate him altogether. We had, to be sure, nearly every day a quarrel in
which, yielding me publicly the palm of victory, he, in some manner, contrived
to make me feel that it was he who had deserved it; yet a sense of pride on my
part, and a veritable dignity on his own, kept us always upon what are called
“speaking terms,” while there were many points of strong congeniality in our
tempers, operating to awake me in a sentiment which our position alone,
perhaps, prevented from ripening into friendship. It is difficult, indeed, to define,
or even to describe, my real feelings towards him. They formed a motley and
heterogeneous admixture; -- some petulant animosity, which was not yet
hatred, some esteem, more respect, much fear, with a world of uneasy curiosity.
To the moralist it will be unnecessary to say, in addition, that Wilson and myself
were the most inseparable of companions.
It was no doubt the anomalous state of affairs existing between us, which
turned all my attacks upon him, (and they were many, either open or covert) into
the channel of banter or practical joke (giving pain while assuming the aspect of
mere fun) rather than into a more serious and determined hostility. But my
endeavours on this head were by no means uniformly successful, even when my
plans were the most wittily concocted; for my namesake had much about him, in
character, of that unassuming and quiet austerity which, while enjoying the

admixture: 혼합, 혼합물.
animosity: 격심한 증오, 악의, 유한,
적의, 원한.
austerity: 내핍 생활, 엄숙, 간결, 엄격,
내핍적인.
banter: 놀림, 놀리다, 조롱하다, 악의
없는 농담, 희롱하다, 희롱, 농담을
하다, 농담, 농담하다.
casually: 우연히, 무의식적으로,
임시로, 약식으로, 아무 생각 없이,
문득, 무심코, 가끔, 불쑥.
Korean
congeniality: 일치, 적합성, 성미에
맞음, 서로 맞는 성미, 적응성,
친화성, 쾌적함.
deserved: 당연한.
heterogeneous: 이종의, 잡다한,
이질의.
hostility: 적대, 적의, 전쟁상태, 저항.
moralist: 윤리학자, 도덕가, 도학자,
도덕주의자, 덕육가.
petulant: 성마른, 까다로운.
quarrel: 싸움의 원인, 싸움, 불평,
말다툼, 네모진 촉이 달린 화살,
불화의 씨, 불화, 불평하다, 싸움하다,
말다툼하다, 말다툼의 원인.
rivalry: 경쟁, 대항, 적대, 필적.
strictness: 엄격함, 엄밀함, 엄중함,
직립성.
twins: 쌍.
unassuming: 겸손한, 주제넘지 않은.
uniformly: 균일하게, 한결같이,
한결같게.
wittily: 익살맞게, 재치있게.
 Edgar Allan Poe 227

poignancy of its own jokes, has no heel of Achilles in itself, and absolutely
refuses to be laughed at. I could find, indeed, but one vulnerable point, and that,
lying in a personal peculiarity, arising, perhaps, from constitutional disease,
would have been spared by any antagonist less at his wit’s end than myself; --
my rival had a weakness in the faucal or guttural organs, which precluded him
from raising his voice at any time above a very low whisper. Of this defect I did
not fall to take what poor advantage lay in my power.%
Wilson’s retaliations in kind were many; and there was one form of his
practical wit that disturbed me beyond measure. How his sagacity first
discovered at all that so petty a thing would vex me, is a question I never could
solve; but, having discovered, he habitually practised the annoyance. I had
always felt aversion to my uncourtly patronymic, and its very common, if not
plebeian praenomen. The words were venom in my ears; and when, upon the
day of my arrival, a second William Wilson came also to the academy, I felt
angry with him for bearing the name, and doubly disgusted with the name
because a stranger bore it, who would be the cause of its twofold repetition, who
would be constantly in my presence, and whose concerns, in the ordinary
routine of the school business, must inevitably, on account of the detestable
coincidence, be often confounded with my own.
The feeling of vexation thus engendered grew stronger with every
circumstance tending to show resemblance, moral or physical, between my rival
and myself. I had not then discovered the remarkable fact that we were of the
same age; but I saw that we were of the same height, and I perceived that we
were even singularly alike in general contour of person and outline of feature. I
was galled, too, by the rumor touching a relationship, which had grown current
in the upper forms. In a word, nothing could more seriously disturb me,
although I scrupulously concealed such disturbance,) than any allusion to a
similarity of mind, person, or condition existing between us. But, in truth, I had
no reason to believe that (with the exception of the matter of relationship, and in
the case of Wilson himself,) this similarity had ever been made a subject of
comment, or even observed at all by our schoolfellows. That he observed it in all

Korean
annoyance: 성가심, 두통거리, 약오름, 딴 이름, 조상의 이름을 딴, 아버지의
성가신 일, 성가신 사람, 성가시게 이름을 딴 이름.
굴기, 괴로움. plebeian: 비속한, 평민의, 평민, 평민-
contour: 윤곽, 개략, 구분선, 윤곽선, 평민의.
윤곽의 미, 체형에 맞게 만든, 형세, poignancy: 날카로움, 매서움, 통렬.
지형선, 의 윤곽을 그리다, 외형, 몸의 praenomen: 첫째 이름.
곡선. resemblance: 유사, 닮은 얼굴, 닮음,
faucal: 인두음, 목구멍의, 인두음의, 외관, 유사물, 초상, 그림, 외형, 상,
인후의, 인두의, 구협의. 비슷함, 모양.
patronymic: 부조의 이름을 딴, scrupulously: 양심적인, 고지식한,
아버지의 이름을 딴, 조상의 이름을 신중한, 정확한, 주의 깊은.
similarity: 유사, 비슷함, 상사.
uncourtly: 우아하지 못한, 거친,
궁정예절에 익숙지 못한, 반궁정적인,
천한.
venom: 악의, 원한, 독, 독설, 독액.
vexation: 애탐, 괴롭힘, 화냄,
고민거리, 고통, 고민, 귀찮은 사물,
애태움, 속상함, 괴로움의 원인,
번뇌의 원인.
wit: 기지, 재치, 지력, 알다, 재치있는
사람, 정신, 재주꾼, 지.
228 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

its bearings, and as fixedly as I, was apparent; but that he could discover in such
circumstances so fruitful a field of annoyance, can only be attributed, as I said
before, to his more than ordinary penetration.%
His cue, which was to perfect an imitation of myself, lay both in words and in
actions; and most admirably did he play his part. My dress it was an easy matter
to copy; my gait and general manner were, without difficulty, appropriated; in
spite of his constitutional defect, even my voice did not escape him. My louder
tones were, of course, unattempted, but then the key, it was identical; and his
singular whisper, it grew the very echo of my own.
How greatly this most exquisite portraiture harassed me, (for it could not
justly be termed a caricature,) I will not now venture to describe. I had but one
consolation -- in the fact that the imitation, apparently, was noticed by myself
alone, and that I had to endure only the knowing and strangely sarcastic smiles
of my namesake himself. Satisfied with having produced in my bosom the
intended effect, he seemed to chuckle in secret over the sting he had inflicted,
and was characteristically disregardful of the public applause which the success
of his witty endeavours might have so easily elicited. That the school, indeed, did
not feel his design, perceive its accomplishment, and participate in his sneer,
was, for many anxious months, a riddle I could not resolve. Perhaps the
gradation of his copy rendered it not so readily perceptible; or, more possibly, I
owed my security to the master air of the copyist, who, disdaining the letter,
(which in a painting is all the obtuse can see,) gave but the full spirit of his
original for my individual contemplation and chagrin.
I have already more than once spoken of the disgusting air of patronage
which he assumed toward me, and of his frequent officious interference withy
my will. This interference often took the ungracious character of advice; advice
not openly given, but hinted or insinuated. I received it with a repugnance
which gained strength as I grew in years. Yet, at this distant day, let me do him
the simple justice to acknowledge that I can recall no occasion when the
suggestions of my rival were on the side of those errors or follies so usual to his
immature age and seeming inexperience; that his moral sense, at least, if not his

Korean
admirably: 훌륭히. disregardful: 경시하는, 무시하는.
bearings: 방위, 문장. inexperience: 무경험, 미숙, 서투름,
chagrin: 분함, 분하게 하다, 억울함, 세상을 모름.
억울하게 하다, 유감, 원통함. officious: 비공식의,
chuckle: 킬킬 웃다, 킬킬 웃음, 참견하기좋아하는,
싱글싱글 웃다, 싱그레 웃음, 만족해 쓸데없는친절을베푸는, 참견 잘 하는.
하다, 만족의 미소를 짓다, repugnance: 모순, 반감, 불일치, 중요,
꼬꼬거리다, 꼬꼬, 고꼬 울다, 킬킬 증오, 싫증, 질색.
웃는 소리, 킬킬 웃음의. riddle: 수수께끼, 풀다, 정사하다,
copyist: 모방자, 필생, 필경자, 베끼는 어레미, 수수께끼 같은 말을 하다,
사람. 난제, 난문, 체질하다, 탄환 등으로
구멍 투성이로 만들다, 체질해 내다,
통과하다.
sarcastic: 풍자적인, 빈정대는말, 풍자,
비꼼, 빈정댐, 말, 비꼬는, 빈정대는.
sneer: 비웃다, 비웃어 말하다, 조소,
비웃음, 멸시, 비웃는 말, 비웃듯이
말하다, 비웃으며 말하다, 비웃는
태도, 비웃듯이 쓰다.
ungracious: 무례한, 예절없는,
공손하지 않은.
withy: 가는 가지.
 Edgar Allan Poe 229

general talents and worldly wisdom, was far keener than my own; and that I
might, to-day, have been a better, and thus a happier man, had I less frequently
rejected the counsels embodied in those meaning whispers which I then but too
cordially hated and too bitterly despised.%
As it was, I at length grew restive in the extreme under his distasteful
supervision, and daily resented more and more openly what I considered his
intolerable arrogance. I have said that, in the first years of our connexion as
schoolmates, my feelings in regard to him might have been easily ripened into
friendship: but, in the latter months of my residence at the academy, although
the intrusion of his ordinary manner had, beyond doubt, in some measure,
abated, my sentiments, in nearly similar proportion, partook very much of
positive hatred. Upon one occasion he saw this, I think, and afterwards avoided,
or made a show of avoiding me.
It was about the same period, if I remember aright, that, in an altercation of
violence with him, in which he was more than usually thrown off his guard, and
spoke and acted with an openness of demeanor rather foreign to his nature, I
discovered, or fancied I discovered, in his accent, his air, and general appearance,
a something which first startled, and then deeply interested me, by bringing to
mind dim visions of my earliest infancy -- wild, confused and thronging
memories of a time when memory herself was yet unborn. I cannot better
describe the sensation which oppressed me than by saying that I could with
difficulty shake off the belief of my having been acquainted with the being who
stood before me, at some epoch very long ago -- some point of the past even
infinitely remote. The delusion, however, faded rapidly as it came; and I
mention it at all but to define the day of the last conversation I there held with
my singular namesake.
The huge old house, with its countless subdivisions, had several large
chambers communicating with each other, where slept the greater number of the
students. There were, however, (as must necessarily happen in a building so
awkwardly planned,) many little nooks or recesses, the odds and ends of the
structure; and these the economic ingenuity of Dr. Bransby had also fitted up as

Korean
academy: 학원, 전문 학교, 사립의 성실하게, 정성껏. keener: 곡꾼.
고등 학교, 학회, 아카데미아, 왕립 delusion: 착각, 속임, 미망, 미혹, openness: 관대, 솔직, 무사, 개방상태,
미술원, 협회, 아카데메이아 학원. 현혹, 매혹. 개방성, 개방 상태.
altercation: 언쟁, 격론, 논쟁. embodied: 형태를 부여하는, restive: 반항적인, 침착성이 없는,
awkwardly: 어색하게, 꼴사납게, 구체화하는, 포함하는, 합체시키는. 고집센, 나아가기를 싫어하는, 다루기
서투르게, 이상하게. infancy: 초기, 유년, 미성년, 유소, 힘드는, 다루기 힘든, 들떠 있는,
bitterly: 쓰게, 격심하게, 비참하게, 요람기, 유아, 미성년에, 초기에, 불안해하는, 앞으로 나아가려 않는,
몹시, 살을 에듯이, 통렬히. 유년시대. 침착하지 못한, 하기 힘든.
connexion: 관계, 단골, 단체, 사이, intrusion: 침입, 방해, 강요, 관입, unborn: 후세의, 미래의, 아직
연결, 연락, 정교. 교도의 동의 없는 목사 임명, 침해, 태어나지 않은, 아직 태어나지않은,
cordially: 성의를 다해서, 진심으로, 점유 횡령. 태내의, 장래의.
230 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

dormitories; although, being the merest closets, they were capable of

accommodating but a single individual. One of these small apartments was
occupied by Wilson.%
One night, about the close of my fifth year at the school, and immediately
after the altercation just mentioned, finding every one wrapped in sleep, I arose
from bed, and, lamp in hand, stole through a wilderness of narrow passages
from my own bedroom to that of my rival. I had long been plotting one of those
ill-natured pieces of practical wit at his expense in which I had hitherto been so
uniformly unsuccessful. It was my intention, now, to put my scheme in
operation, and I resolved to make him feel the whole extent of the malice with
which I was imbued. Having reached his closet, I noiselessly entered, leaving the
lamp, with a shade over it, on the outside. I advanced a step, and listened to the
sound of his tranquil breathing. Assured of his being asleep, I returned, took the
light, and with it again approached the bed. Close curtains were around it,
which, in the prosecution of my plan, I slowly and quietly withdrew, when the
bright rays fell vividly upon the sleeper, and my eyes, at the same moment, upon
his countenance. I looked; -- and a numbness, an iciness of feeling instantly
pervaded my frame. My breast heaved, my knees tottered, my whole spirit
became possessed with an objectless yet intolerable horror. Gasping for breath, I
lowered the lamp in still nearer proximity to the face. Were these -- these the
lineaments of William Wilson? I saw, indeed, that they were his, but I shook as if
with a fit of the ague in fancying they were not. What was there about them to
confound me in this manner? I gazed; -- while my brain reeled with a multitude
of incoherent thoughts. Not thus he appeared -- assuredly not thus -- in the
vivacity of his waking hours. The same name! the same contour of person! the
same day of arrival at the academy! And then his dogged and meaningless
imitation of my gait, my voice, my habits, and my manner! Was it, in truth,
within the bounds of human possibility, that what I now saw was the result,
merely, of the habitual practice of this sarcastic imitation? Awe-stricken, and
with a creeping shudder, I extinguished the lamp, passed silently from the
chamber, and left, at once, the halls of that old academy, never to enter them
again.

Korean
accommodating: 친절한, 고분고분한, gasping: 숨결이 가쁜, 경련하는,
융통성 있는, 융통성있는, 싹싹한, 헐떡거리는.
사람좋은, 붙임성 있는, 잘 돌봐주는. ill-natured: 심술궂은.
breast: 가슴, 유방, 흉부, 무릅쓰다, imitation: 모방, 모조품, 모사, 흉내,
가슴에받다, 가슴통을 달다, 가슴을 인조, 위조품, 비슷하게 만든 것,
대다, 가슴 모양의 부분, 대담하게 모조, 모방모조, 가짜, 모방작법.
맞서다, 젖퉁이, 헤치고 나아가다. instantly: 즉석에서, 즉시, 즉시로,
creeping: 탐해법, 남몰래 빌붙는, 기어 당장에, 곧, 하자마자.
돌아다니는, 아첨, 느린, 근질근질한 malice: 악의, 해칠 마음, 범의,
느낌, 기기, 근질근질하는, 포복, 적극적인 악의.
잠행성의, 은밀한. numbness: 얼어서 고움.
silently: 잠자코, 조용히, 아무 말
않고, 묵묵히, 고요하게.
stole: 여자용 어깨 걸이, 영대, 스톨,
길고 헐거운 겉옷, 주부용 외투.
unsuccessful: 성공하지 못한, 실패한,
잘되지 않은.
wilderness: 황야, 끝없이 넓음,
사람이 살지 않는 땅, 일부러 손질
않고 내버려둔 곳, 막대한 수량,
광막한 곳, 막대한 수, 미국
비르드지니아 주 북동부의 산림 지대.
 Edgar Allan Poe 231

After a lapse of some months, spent at home in mere idleness, I found myself
a student at Eton. The brief interval had been sufficient to enfeeble my
remembrance of the events at Dr. Bransby’s, or at least to effect a material change
in the nature of the feelings with which I remembered them. The truth -- the
tragedy -- of the drama was no more. I could now find room to doubt the
evidence of my senses; and seldom called up the subject at all but with wonder at
extent of human credulity, and a smile at the vivid force of the imagination
which I hereditarily possessed. Neither was this species of scepticism likely to
be diminished by the character of the life I led at Eton. The vortex of thoughtless
folly into which I there so immediately and so recklessly plunged, washed away
all but the froth of my past hours, engulfed at once every solid or serious
impression, and left to memory only the veriest levities of a former existence.%
I do not wish, however, to trace the course of my miserable profligacy here --
a profligacy which set at defiance the laws, while it eluded the vigilance of the
institution. Three years of folly, passed without profit, had but given me rooted
habits of vice, and added, in a somewhat unusual degree, to my bodily stature,
when, after a week of soulless dissipation, I invited a small party of the most
dissolute students to a secret carousal in my chambers. We met at a late hour of
the night; for our debaucheries were to be faithfully protracted until morning.
The wine flowed freely, and there were not wanting other and perhaps more
dangerous seductions; so that the gray dawn had already faintly appeared in the
east, while our delirious extravagance was at its height. Madly flushed with
cards and intoxication, I was in the act of insisting upon a toast of more than
wonted profanity, when my attention was suddenly diverted by the violent,
although partial unclosing of the door of the apartment, and by the eager voice of
a servant from without. He said that some person, apparently in great haste,
demanded to speak with me in the hall.
Wildly excited with wine, the unexpected interruption rather delighted than
surprised me. I staggered forward at once, and a few steps brought me to the
vestibule of the building. In this low and small room there hung no lamp; and
now no light at all was admitted, save that of the exceedingly feeble dawn which

carousal: 큰 술잔치, 흥청거림,
카로틴.
credulity: 고지식함, 믿기 쉬움, 경신,
쉽게 믿음.
debaucheries: 방탕, 유흥.
dissipation: 낭비, 소산, 방탕, 난봉,
소실, 기분전환, 산재.
dissolute: 난봉 피우는, 방탕한,
방종한.
enfeeble: 약하게하다, 약화시키다.
extravagance: 방종, 터무니 없음,
Korean
낭비, 사치, 방종한 언행. recklessly: 무분별하게, 무모하게.
faithfully: 여불비례, 충실히. rooted: 뿌리깊은, 뿌리박은, 정착한,
hereditarily: 세습적으로, 유전으로, 뿌리있는, 뿌리를 박고 붙어 있는,
대대로, 유전적으로, 세습으로. 움직이지 못하는, 뿌리를 박은.
idleness: 무위, 게으름, 태만, scepticism: 회의, 회의론, 의심,
놀고지냄. 회의설, 무신론.
profanity: 모독적인 언행, 모독, 불경, soulless: 영혼이 없는, 기백 없는,
신성을 더럽히기, 신성을 더럽히는 무정한.
행동, 신성을 더럽히는 언사. thoughtless: 인정 없는, 경솔한,
profligacy: 방탕, 난봉, 낭비, 품행 사려가 없는, 생각이 없는.
불량. wonted: 버릇처럼 된, 예의, 익숙한.
232 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

made its way through the semi-circular window. As I put my foot over the
threshold, I became aware of the figure of a youth about my own height, and
habited in a white kerseymere morning frock, cut in the novel fashion of the one
I myself wore at the moment. This the faint light enabled me to perceive; but the
features of his face I could not distinguish. Upon my entering he strode hurriedly
up to me, and, seizing me by. the arm with a gesture of petulant impatience,
whispered the words “William Wilson!” in my ear.%
I grew perfectly sober in an instant. There was that in the manner of the
stranger, and in the tremulous shake of his uplifted finger, as he held it between
my eyes and the light, which filled me with unqualified amazement; but it was
not this which had so violently moved me. It was the pregnancy of solemn
admonition in the singular, low, hissing utterance; and, above all, it was the
character, the tone, the key, of those few, simple, and familiar, yet whispered
syllables, which came with a thousand thronging memories of bygone days, and
struck upon my soul with the shock of a galvanic battery. Ere I could recover the
use of my senses he was gone.
Although this event failed not of a vivid effect upon my disordered
imagination, yet was it evanescent as vivid. For some weeks, indeed, I busied
myself in earnest inquiry, or was wrapped in a cloud of morbid speculation. I did
not pretend to disguise from my perception the identity of the singular
individual who thus perseveringly interfered with my affairs, and harassed me
with his insinuated counsel. But who and what was this Wilson? -- and whence
came he? -- and what were his purposes? Upon neither of these points could I be
satisfied; merely ascertaining, in regard to him, that a sudden accident in his
family had caused his removal from Dr. Bransby’s academy on the afternoon of
the day in which I myself had eloped. But in a brief period I ceased to think upon
the subject; my attention being all absorbed in a contemplated departure for
Oxford. Thither I soon went; the uncalculating vanity of my parents furnishing
me with an outfit and annual establishment, which would enable me to indulge
at will in the luxury already so dear to my heart, -- to vie in profuseness of
expenditure with the haughtiest heirs of the wealthiest earldoms in Great Britain.

admonition: 훈계, 타이름, 충고, 경고,
훈방, 설유.
bygone: 과거의, 과거의 일, 과거.
disguise: 속이다, 거짓꾸밈, 변장하다,
구실, 거짓 꾸미다, 가장복, 변장,
감추다-변장, 감추다, 변장시키다,
변신.
frock: 작업복, 부인복, 성직자의 옷,
프록을 입히다, 성직에 취임시키다,
성직자복, 드레스, 프록코트.
furnishing: 복식품, 비치된 가구,
Korean
가구의 설비, 가구. 입구, 출발점, 발단, 역역.
impatience: 조바심, 성급함, 초조, unqualified: 제한 없는, 순전한,
견딜 수 없음, 참을수 없는일, 조급, 무조건의, 적임이 아닌, 자격이 업는,
안달, 성급. 제한되지 않은, 자격이 없는.
kerseymere: 캐시미어 직물. utterance: 말, 말씨, 발성, 발언, 발음,
outfit: 채비, 필수품을 공급하다, 도구, 말로 나타내다, 소리, 말함, 어조,
채비를 차리다, 일행, 에 공급하다, 언설, 입 밖에 냄.
여행 따위의 채비, 여행 따위의 vanity: 공허, 화장대, 무가치, 허영,
채비품, 채비품, 협동 활동의 일행, 무익, 허영심, 허무함, 허황한 것,
마음의 준비. 휴대용 화장품 상자.
threshold: 문지방, 역, 문간, 시초, vie: 경쟁하다, 다투다, 우열이 없다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 233

Excited by such appliances to vice, my constitutional temperament broke

forth with redoubled ardor, and I spurned even the common restraints of
decency in the mad infatuation of my revels. But it were absurd to pause in the
detail of my extravagance. Let it suffice, that among spendthrifts I out-Heroded
Herod, and that, giving name to a multitude of novel follies, I added no brief
appendix to the long catalogue of vices then usual in the most dissolute
university of Europe.%
It could hardly be credited, however, that I had, even here, so utterly fallen
from the gentlemanly estate, as to seek acquaintance with the vilest arts of the
gambler by profession, and, having become an adept in his despicable science,
to practise it habitually as a means of increasing my already enormous income at
the expense of the weak-minded among my fellow-collegians. Such,
nevertheless, was the fact. And the very enormity of this offence against all
manly and honourable sentiment proved, beyond doubt, the main if not the sole
reason of the impunity with which it was committed. Who, indeed, among my
most abandoned associates, would not rather have disputed the clearest evidence
of his senses, than have suspected of such courses, the gay, the frank, the
generous William Wilson -- the noblest and most commoner at Oxford -- him
whose follies (said his parasites) were but the follies of youth and unbridled
fancy -- whose errors but inimitable whim -- whose darkest vice but a careless
and dashing extravagance?
I had been now two years successfully busied in this way, when there came
to the university a young parvenu nobleman, Glendinning -- rich, said report, as
Herodes Atticus -- his riches, too, as easily acquired. I soon found him of weak
intellect, and, of course, marked him as a fitting subject for my skill. I frequently
engaged him in play, and contrived, with the gambler’s usual art, to let him win
considerable sums, the more effectually to entangle him in my snares. At length,
my schemes being ripe, I met him (with the full intention that this meeting
should be final and decisive) at the chambers of a fellow-commoner, (Mr.
Preston,) equally intimate with both, but who, to do him Justice, entertained not
even a remote suspicion of my design. To give to this a better colouring, I had

Korean
adept: 숙달한, 숙련자, 정통한, 열렬한 entangle: 얽히게하다, 곤란케하다, 없는, 추종을 불허하는.
지지자, 명수. 혼란시키다, 분규를 일으키게 하다, manly: 사내다운, 남자 같은,
commoner: 평민, 자비생, 하원 의원, 뒤얽히게 하다, 빠뜨리다. 남성적인, 남자와 같은, 여자가
공용권자, 서민, 대중, 하원의원, 토지 gambler: 노름꾼, 투기사, 도박꾼. 남자와 같은.
공요자. gentlemanly: 신사적인, 예의바른, nobleman: 귀족, 귀족 출신의 사람.
dashing: 기운찬, 멋부린, 화려한, 기세 점잖은, 신사다운, 교육 잘 받은, parvenu: 벼락 출세자, 벼락 부자의,
좋은, 위세 당당한. 예의바른 신사처럼. 벼락 부자.
despicable: 비열한, 야비한, 경멸할 infatuation: 심취, 열중케 하는 것, successfully: 훌륭하게, 성공적으로.
만한. 열중케 함, 열중하게 하는것, 정신을 unbridled: 구속이 없는, 방일한,
enormity: 극악, 범죄 행위, 거대함, 잃게, 흘림, 열중하게 하기. 굴레를 매지 않은, 말굴레를 매지
악독. inimitable: 흉내낼 수 없는, 다시 않은, 억제되지 않은.
234 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

contrived to have assembled a party of some eight or ten, and was solicitously
careful that the introduction of cards should appear accidental, and originate in
the proposal of my contemplated dupe himself. To be brief upon a vile topic,
none of the low finesse was omitted, so customary upon similar occasions that it
is a just matter for wonder how any are still found so besotted as to fall its
victim.%
We had protracted our sitting far into the night, and I had at length effected
the manoeuvre of getting Glendinning as my sole antagonist. The game, too, was
my favorite ecarte!. The rest of the company, interested in the extent of our play,
had abandoned their own cards, and were standing around us as spectators. The
parvenu, who had been induced by my artifices in the early part of the evening,
to drink deeply, now shuffled, dealt, or played, with a wild nervousness of
manner for which his intoxication, I thought, might partially, but could not
altogether account. In a very short period he had become my debtor to a large
amount, when, having taken a long draught of port, he did precisely what I had
been coolly anticipating -- he proposed to double our already extravagant stakes.
With a well-feigned show of reluctance, and not until after my repeated refusal
had seduced him into some angry words which gave a color of pique to my
compliance, did I finally comply. The result, of course, did but prove how
entirely the prey was in my toils; in less than an hour he had quadrupled his
debt. For some time his countenance had been losing the florid tinge lent it by
the wine; but now, to my astonishment, I perceived that it had grown to a pallor
truly fearful. I say to my astonishment. Glendinning had been represented to my
eager inquiries as immeasurably wealthy; and the sums which he had as yet lost,
although in themselves vast, could not, I supposed, very seriously annoy, much
less so violently affect him. That he was overcome by the wine just swallowed,
was the idea which most readily presented itself; and, rather with a view to the
preservation of my own character in the eyes of my associates, than from any less
interested motive, I was about to insist, peremptorily, upon a discontinuance of
the play, when some expressions at my elbow from among the company, and an
ejaculation evincing utter despair on the part of Glendinning, gave me to
understand that I had effected his total ruin under circumstances which,

Korean
annoy: 괴롭히다, 성나게하다, 소송취하, 점유중단.
속태우다, 당황케하다, 해치다, dupe: 속이다, 속기 쉬운 사람, 잘
성가시게 굴다. 속는 사람.
besotted: 정신못가누게된, 취해버린, extravagant: 낭비하는, 엄청난, 터무니
혹해 빠진, 곤드레만드레로 취한. 없는, 기발한.
comply: 따르다, 응하다, 승낙하다. finesse: 술책, 피네스, 교묘한 처리,
coolly: 냉정하게, 냉담하게, 솜씨, 수완, 책략, 기교.
뻔뻔스럽게, 서늘하게, 차갑게, florid: 화려한, 혈색이 좋은, 불그레한,
침착하게. 현란한, 불그스름한.
discontinuance: 정지, 중지, 단절, manoeuvre: 기동 연습, 책동, 전략적
법률 소송의 취하, 중단, 중절, 폐지, 행동, 연습하다, 작전척 행동,
항공기의 선희 등의 운동,
연습시키다, 교묘한 조치, 기동하다,
운동.
originate: 시작하다, 발명, 시작되다,
일으키다, 창작, 발명하다, 기원,
일어나다, 발기인, 비롯되다.
peremptorily: 절대적으로, 거만하게,
결정적으로, 단호하게.
solicitously: 걱정하는, 열망하는,
열심인.
toils: 짐승을 잡는 그물.
 Edgar Allan Poe 235

rendering him an object for the pity of all, should have protected him from the ill
offices even of a fiend.%
What now might have been my conduct it is difficult to say. The pitiable
condition of my dupe had thrown an air of embarrassed gloom over all; and, for
some moments, a profound silence was maintained, during which I could not
help feeling my cheeks tingle with the many burning glances of scorn or
reproach cast upon me by the less abandoned of the party. I will even own that
an intolerable weight of anxiety was for a brief instant lifted from my bosom by
the sudden and extraordinary interruption which ensued. The wide, heavy
folding doors of the apartment were all at once thrown open, to their full extent,
with a vigorous and rushing impetuosity that extinguished, as if by magic, every
candle in the room. Their light, in dying, enabled us just to perceive that a
stranger had entered, about my own height, and closely muffled in a cloak. The
darkness, however, was now total; and we could only feel that he was standing
in our midst. Before any one of us could recover from the extreme astonishment
into which this rudeness had thrown all, we heard the voice of the intruder.
“Gentlemen,” he said, in a low, distinct, and never-to-be-forgotten whisper
which thrilled to the very marrow of my bones, “Gentlemen, I make no apology
for this behaviour, because in thus behaving, I am but fulfilling a duty. You are,
beyond doubt, uninformed of the true character of the person who has to-night
won at ecarte a large sum of money from Lord Glendinning. I will therefore put
you upon an expeditious and decisive plan of obtaining this very necessary
information. Please to examine, at your leisure, the inner linings of the cuff of
his left sleeve, and the several little packages which may be found in the
somewhat capacious pockets of his embroidered morning wrapper.”
While he spoke, so profound was the stillness that one might have heard a
pin drop upon the floor. In ceasing, he departed at once, and as abruptly as he
had entered. Can I -- shall I describe my sensations? -- must I say that I felt all the
horrors of the damned? Most assuredly I had little time given for reflection.
Many hands roughly seized me upon the spot, and lights were immediately
reprocured. A search ensued. In the lining of my sleeve were found all the court

Korean
apology: 사과, 명색뿐인 것, 변명, lining: 안감, 안대기, 안, 포켓 따위의
사죄, 해명. 알맹이, 켓 따위의 알맹이, 지갑
ceasing: 중단, 중지. 따위의 알맹이, 위 따위의 알맹이,
cuff: 커프스, 소매 끝동, 치다, 찰싹 안을 대기, 알맹이.
때림, 때리다, 접어젖힌 단, 양복 midst: 한가운데, 중앙.
바지의 접단, 수갑, 소맷부리, never-to-be-forgotten: 잊어버리지
손바닥으로 치기, 찰싹 때침. 않을.
damned: 저주받은, 지겨운, 지독히, protected: 보호된.
넌더리나는. reproach: 불명예, 비난, 질책, 치욕,
ecarte: 에카프테. 꾸짖다, 비난의 말, 비난하다,
expeditious: 신속한, 날쌘, 급속한. 책망하다, 체면을 손상시키다, 망신,
의 체면을 손상하다.
tingle: 딸랑딸랑 울리다, 따끔따끔
아프다, 흥분, 쑤심, 조마조마함,
쑤시다, 마음 졸이다, 얼얼함,
따끔거리게 하다, 좀이 쑤심,
딸랑딸랑 소리.
uninformed: 교육을 받지 않은,
소식을 받지 않은, 알려지지 않은,
무식한, 무학의, 소식 불통인, 지식이
없는, 충분한 지식이 없는, 정보를
받지 않은.
236 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

cards essential in ecarte, and, in the pockets of my wrapper, a number of packs,

facsimiles of those used at our sittings, with the single exception that mine were
of the species called, technically, arrondees; the honours being slightly convex at
the ends, the lower cards slightly convex at the sides. In this disposition, the
dupe who cuts, as customary, at the length of the pack, will invariably find that
he cuts his antagonist an honor; while the gambler, cutting at the breadth, will, as
certainly, cut nothing for his victim which may count in the records of the
game.%
Any burst of indignation upon this discovery would have affected me less
than the silent contempt, or the sarcastic composure, with which it was received.
“Mr. Wilson,” said our host, stooping to remove from beneath his feet an
exceedingly luxurious cloak of rare furs, “Mr. Wilson, this is your property.”
(The weather was cold; and, upon quitting my own room, I had thrown a cloak
over my dressing wrapper, putting it off upon reaching the scene of play.) “I
presume it is supererogatory to seek here (eyeing the folds of the garment with a
bitter smile) for any farther evidence of your skill. Indeed, we have had enough.
You will see the necessity, I hope, of quitting Oxford -- at all events, of quitting
instantly my chambers.”
Abased, humbled to the dust as I then was, it is probable that I should have
resented this galling language by immediate personal violence, had not my
whole attention been at the moment arrested by a fact of the most startling
character. The cloak which I had worn was of a rare description of fur; how rare,
how extravagantly costly, I shall not venture to say. Its fashion, too, was of my
own fantastic invention; for I was fastidious to an absurd degree of coxcombry,
in matters of this frivolous nature. When, therefore, Mr. Preston reached me that
which he had picked up upon the floor, and near the folding doors of the
apartment, it was with an astonishment nearly bordering upon terror, that I
perceived my own already hanging on my arm, (where I had no doubt
unwittingly placed it,) and that the one presented me was but its exact
counterpart in every, in even the minutest possible particular. The singular being
who had so disastrously exposed me, had been muffled, I remembered, in a

Korean
bordering: 경계선 설치, 테 두르기, 사본.
접한, 단대기. coxcombry: 멋부림, 멋부리기,
cloak: 외투를 입히다, 망토, 구실, 태깔스런 거동, 태부림.
가면, 뒤덮다, 가리는 것, 덮어 disastrously: 불길하게, 불운하게,
가리다, 외투, 은폐하다, 소매없는 비참하게.
외투, 소매 없는 외투. exception: 예외, 제외, 이의.
convex: 볼록한, 철면의, 볼록렌즈, extravagantly: 낭비적으로, 엄청나게,
볼록면, 볼록 렌즈. 엉뚱하게.
counterpart: 부본, 짝진 것의 한쪽, fur: 모피, 거웃, 부드러운 털,
상대물, 대응부, 대조물, 부절, 비슷한 부드러운 모피를 붙이다, 백태가
사람, 아주 닮은 사람, 한짝, 한통, 생기다, 외음부, 모피의, 부드러운털,
모피 동물, 백태.
galling: 속타게하는, 울화 치미는,
못살게 괴롭히는 것, 못살게
괴롭히는.
indignation: 분개, 의분, 분.
luxurious: 사치스런, 사치를
좋아하는, 호화스런, 매우 쾌적한,
사치스러운.
supererogatory: 직무 이상으로
근무하는, 가외의.
unwittingly: 모르고, 의식하지 않고.
 Edgar Allan Poe 237

cloak; and none had been worn at all by any of the members of our party with
the exception of myself. Retaining some presence of mind, I took the one offered
me by Preston; placed it, unnoticed, over my own; left the apartment with a
resolute scowl of defiance; and, next morning ere dawn of day, commenced a
hurried journey from Oxford to the continent, in a perfect agony of horror and of
shame.%
I fled in vain. My evil destiny pursued me as if in exultation, and proved,
indeed, that the exercise of its mysterious dominion had as yet only begun.
Scarcely had I set foot in Paris ere I had fresh evidence of the detestable interest
taken by this Wilson in my concerns. Years flew, while I experienced no relief.
Villain! -- at Rome, with how untimely, yet with how spectral an officiousness,
stepped he in between me and my ambition! At Vienna, too -- at Berlin -- and at
Moscow! Where, in truth, had I not bitter cause to curse him within my heart?
From his inscrutable tyranny did I at length flee, panic-stricken, as from a
pestilence; and to the very ends of the earth I fled in vain.
And again, and again, in secret communion with my own spirit, would I
demand the questions “Who is he? -- whence came he? -- and what are his
objects?” But no answer was there found. And then I scrutinized, with a minute
scrutiny, the forms, and the methods, and the leading traits of his impertinent
supervision. But even here there was very little upon which to base a conjecture.
It was noticeable, indeed, that, in no one of the multiplied instances in which he
had of late crossed my path, had he so crossed it except to frustrate those
schemes, or to disturb those actions, which, if fully carried out, might have
resulted in bitter mischief. Poor justification this, in truth, for an authority so
imperiously assumed! Poor indemnity for natural rights of self-agency so
pertinaciously, so insultingly denied!
I had also been forced to notice that my tormentor, for a very long period of
time, (while scrupulously and with miraculous dexterity maintaining his whim
of an identity of apparel with myself,) had so contrived it, in the execution of his
varied interference with my will, that I saw not, at any moment, the features of
his face. Be Wilson what he might, this, at least, was but the veriest of affectation,

Korean
apparel: 의복, 차리다, 꾸미다, 의상, 좌절감을 일으키게 하는, 에게
제복의장식수-입히다, 입히다, 좌절감을 일으키게 하다, 을
기성복, 제복, 장식. 방해하는, 을 방해하다, 좌절시키는.
exultation: 환희, 광희, 열광, 몹시 imperiously: 긴급하게, 오만하게,
기뻐함. 전제적으로, 절박하게.
flee: 도망하다, 사라지다, 질주하다, inscrutable: 불가사의한, 알 수 없는,
달아나다, 도망치다, 급속히 수수께끼같은, 불가해한, 헤아릴수
경과하다, 서두르다, 급속히 없는, 헤아릴 수 없는.
지나가다. insultingly: 모욕적인.
frustrate: 좌절시키다, 사람을 mischief: 장난, 해, 손해, 위해, 고자,
실망시키다, 사람을실망시키다, 에게 익살, 재난의 씨, 장난꾸러기, 도대체.
officiousness: 부질없는 참견.
panic-stricken: 공황에 휩쓸린.
pertinaciously: 완고하게, 외고집으로,
집요하게, 끈기있게.
resolute: 단호한, 굳게 결심한, 의연한,
불굴의, 할 결의인, 굳은결의의.
scowl: 찌푸린 얼굴, 잔뜩 찌푸린 날씨,
험악 해지다, 험한 날씨, 얼굴을
찌푸리다.
villain: 악한, 놈, 악인, 이 자식, 녀석,
천민, 이놈, 농노.
238 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

or of folly. Could he, for an instant, have supposed that, in my admonisher at

Eton -- in the destroyer of my honor at Oxford, -- in him who thwarted my
ambition at Rome, my revenge at Paris, my passionate love at Naples, or what he
falsely termed my avarice in Egypt, -- that in this, my arch-enemy and evil
genius, could fall to recognise the William Wilson of my school boy days, -- the
namesake, the companion, the rival, -- the hated and dreaded rival at Dr.
Bransby’s? Impossible! -- But let me hasten to the last eventful scene of the
drama.%
Thus far I had succumbed supinely to this imperious domination. The
sentiment of deep awe with which I habitually regarded the elevated character,
the majestic wisdom, the apparent omnipresence and omnipotence of Wilson,
added to a feeling of even terror, with which certain other traits in his nature and
assumptions inspired me, had operated, hitherto, to impress me with an idea of
my own utter weakness and helplessness, and to suggest an implicit, although
bitterly reluctant submission to his arbitrary will. But, of late days, I had given
myself up entirely to wine; and its maddening influence upon my hereditary
temper rendered me more and more impatient of control. I began to murmur, --
to hesitate, -- to resist. And was it only fancy which induced me to believe that,
with the increase of my own firmness, that of my tormentor underwent a
proportional diminution? Be this as it may, I now began to feel the inspiration of
a burning hope, and at length nurtured in my secret thoughts a stern and
desperate resolution that I would submit no longer to be enslaved.
It was at Rome, during the Carnival of 18 --, that I attended a masquerade in
the palazzo of the Neapolitan Duke Di Broglio. I had indulged more freely than
usual in the excesses of the wine-table; and now the suffocating atmosphere of
the crowded rooms irritated me beyond endurance. The difficulty, too, of forcing
my way through the mazes of the company contributed not a little to the ruffling
of my temper; for I was anxiously seeking, (let me not say with what unworthy
motive) the young, the gay, the beautiful wife of the aged and doting Di Broglio.
With a too unscrupulous confidence she had previously communicated to me
the secret of the costume in which she would be habited, and now, having caught

Korean
anxiously: 걱정스럽게, 근심하여, 잘못하여.
걱정하여. hasten: 서두르다, 재촉하다, 서두르게
avarice: 탐욕. 하다.
diminution: 김소, 축소, 감소, hereditary: 세습의, 유전의, 대대의,
가늘어짐. 유전성의.
doting: 맹목적으로 사랑하는, 노망한, imperious: 긴급한, 전제적인, 거만한,
사랑에 빠진, 애지중지하는, 망령든, 필수의, 피할수 없는, 중대한, 오만한,
지나치게 귀여워하는. 건강진.
enslaved: 노예로 만드는. irritated: 따끔따끔한, 신경질이 난,
falsely: 거짓으로, 속여서, 자극받은, 염증을 일으킨.
불성실하게, 부실하게, 부정하게, omnipotence: 전능, 무한한 힘, 전능한
신, 전능의 신, 전능의.
omnipresence: 편재, 도처에 있는,
도처에 있음.
ruffling: 세포의 파동 운동.
supinely: 반듯이 드러누워, 나태하게.
unscrupulous: 비양심적인, 무법한,
예사로나쁜짓을하는, 거리낌없는,
사악한.
unworthy: 의 가치 없는, 가치없는,
부끄러운, 비열한, 가치 없는, 변변치
못한 사람, 알맞지 않은.
 Edgar Allan Poe 239

a glimpse of her person, I was hurrying to make my way into her presence. -- At
this moment I felt a light hand placed upon my shoulder, and that ever-
remembered, low, damnable whisper within my ear.%
In an absolute phrenzy of wrath, I turned at once upon him who had thus
interrupted me, and seized him violently by tile collar. He was attired, as I had
expected, in a costume altogether similar to my own; wearing a Spanish cloak of
blue velvet, begirt about the waist with a crimson belt sustaining a rapier. A
mask of black silk entirely covered his face.
“Scoundrel!” I said, in a voice husky with rage, while every syllable I uttered
seemed as new fuel to my fury, “scoundrel! impostor! accursed villain! you shall
not -- you shall not dog me unto death! Follow me, or I stab you where you
stand!” -- and I broke my way from the ball-room into a small ante-chamber
adjoining -- dragging him unresistingly with me as I went.
Upon entering, I thrust him furiously from me. He staggered against the wall,
while I closed the door with an oath, and commanded him to draw. He hesitated
but for an instant; then, with a slight sigh, drew in silence, and put himself upon
his defence.
The contest was brief indeed. I was frantic with every species of wild
excitement, and felt within my single arm the energy and power of a multitude.
In a few seconds I forced him by sheer strength against the wainscoting, and
thus, getting him at mercy, plunged my sword, with brute ferocity, repeatedly
through and through his bosom.
At that instant some person tried the latch of the door. I hastened to prevent
an intrusion, and then immediately returned to my dying antagonist. But what
human language can adequately portray that astonishment, that horror which
possessed me at the spectacle then presented to view? The brief moment in
which I averted my eyes had been sufficient to produce, apparently, a material
change in the arrangements at the upper or farther end of the room. A large
mirror, -- so at first it seemed to me in my confusion -- now stood where none
had been perceptible before; and, as I stepped up to it in extremity of terror, mine

Korean
costume: 복장, 여성복, 복, 시대 의상, impostor: 사기꾼, 남의 이름을 기도, 구멍을 뚫다, 면을 거칠게 하여
옷, 의상을 입히다, 한 벌의 여성복- 사칭하는 자, 사칭자. 도벽재료와 잘 붙게 하다, 몹시
입히다, 의상, 숙녀복, 의상을 latch: 걸쇠, 고리쇠, 을 손에 넣다, 해치다, 쑤시고 아픔, 찌르듯이
조달하다, 입히다. 걸쇠가 잠기다, 에 걸쇠를 걸다, 에 아프다, 찌르려고 대들다.
dragging: 질질 끄는, 오래 걸리는, 걸쇠를 잠그다. sword: 검, 무력, 전쟁, 칼, 총검.
질질 끄는 것, 오래 걸리는 것. oath: 맹세, 선서, 저주, 신의 이름을 tile: 기와, 기와를 이다, 타일, 하수
ferocity: 잔인성, 광포한 행동, 사나움. 남용하기, 욕설. 토관, 타일을 붙이다, 실크해트, 패,
husky: 쉰 목소리의, 허스키, 에스키모 portray: 묘사하다, 표현하다, 의 비밀 지킬 것을 맹세케 하다, 토관,
개, 억센, 실팍한 사람, 실팍진, 그림을 그리다, 그리다, 연기를 하다, 모자.
깍지의, 건조하다, 겉껍질의, 껍질의, 풍경을 그리다, 인물을 그리다. wainscoting: 징두리 널재료, 징두리
에스키모 개의. stab: 찌르다, 찌름, 찌르며, 덤벼들다, 벽판.
240 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

own image, but with features all pale and dabbled in blood, advanced to meet
me with a feeble and tottering gait.%
Thus it appeared, I say, but was not. It was my antagonist -- it was Wilson,
who then stood before me in the agonies of his dissolution. His mask and cloak
lay, where he had thrown them, upon the floor. Not a thread in all his raiment --
not a line in all the marked and singular lineaments of his face which was not,
even in the most absolute identity, mine own!
It was Wilson; but he spoke no longer in a whisper, and I could have fancied
that I myself was speaking while he said:
“You have conquered, and I yield. Yet, henceforward art thou also dead --
dead to the World, to Heaven and to Hope! In me didst thou exist -- and, in my
death, see by this image, which is thine own, how utterly thou hast murdered
thyself.”

Korean
absolute: 무조건의, 절대의, 전제의, 동일함, 일치, 항등식, 본성. 이야기 하기에 적합한, 담화,
순수한, 기계어로 쓰인, 절대온도의, image: 상, 영상, 심상, 전형, 조상, 이야기를 할 정도의, 생생한, 말하는,
독립의. 초상, 화상, 상징, 이미지, 모습, 표상. 말이라도 할 것 같은.
advanced: 고등의, 진보적인, 전진한, marked: 현저한, 기호가 붙은, 눈에 thread: 실, 실에 꿰다, 실을 꿰다,
진보의, 진보한, 많이 경과한, 진본한, 띄는, 저명한, 두드러진, 기호가 있는, 재봉실, 나삿니를 내다, 섬유, 끈 실,
많은. 주의를 끄는, 표가 있는. 섬조, 누비듯이지나가다, 연속, 가는
exist: 존재하다, 실존하다, 생존하다, pale: 창백한, 창백하게 하다, 엷게 것.
실재하다, 존재, 있다. 하다, 어슴푸레한, 엷은, 경계, yield: 주다, 양도하다, 가져오다,
henceforward: 차후, 이후, 금후. 창백해지다, 한계, 중앙의 세로줄 허락하다, 산출하다, 생산하다,
identity: 동일성, 신원, 자기 자신임, 무늬, 어둠침침한, 약한. 생기게 하다, 휘다, 따르다, 수확,
동일한 사람임, 본질, 주체성, 독자성, speaking: 말하기, 연설, 정치적 집회, 수율.
 Edgar Allan Poe 241

THE TELL-TALE HEART

True! %-- nervous -- very, very dreadfully nervous I had been and am; but
why will you say that I am mad? The disease had sharpened my senses -- not
destroyed -- not dulled them. Above all was the sense of hearing acute. I heard
all things in the heaven and in the earth. I heard many things in hell. How, then,
am I mad? Hearken! and observe how healthily -- how calmly I can tell you the
whole story.
It is impossible to say how first the idea entered my brain; but once
conceived, it haunted me day and night. Object there was none. Passion there
was none. I loved the old man. He had never wronged me. He had never given
me insult. For his gold I had no desire. I think it was his eye! yes, it was this! He
had the eye of a vulture -- a pale blue eye, with a film over it. Whenever it fell
upon me, my blood ran cold; and so by degrees -- very gradually -- I made up
my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye forever.
Now this is the point. You fancy me mad. Madmen know nothing. But you
should have seen me. You should have seen how wisely I proceeded -- with
what caution -- with what foresight -- with what dissimulation I went to work! I
was never kinder to the old man than during the whole week before I killed him.
And every night, about midnight, I turned the latch of his door and opened it --
oh so gently! And then, when I had made an opening sufficient for my head, I

Korean
caution: 경고, 조심, 경계, 에게 가늠쇠, 장래에의 대비.
경고하다, 경계를 요하는 사물, 담보, healthily: 건강에 좋게, 건강하게,
예령, 주의, 희한한 사람, 주의시키다, 건강하여.
신중. hell: 지옥, 마굴, 지옥과 같은 장소,
dissimulation: 위선, 위장, 감정, 빌어먹을, 이세상의 지옥, 저승.
의지등의 위장, 시치미뗌. midnight: 한밤중, 자정, 한밤중의,
dreadfully: 무섭게, 겁에 질려, 캄캄한.
무시무시하게. none: 아무도 ... 않다.
foresight: 심려, 전망, 선견지명이 object: 대상, 목적, 물건, 목적어, 물체,
있는, 선견지명, 선견, 장래에의 배려, 객관, 반대하다, 싫어하다, 불쌍한,
전도의 전망, 깊은 생각, 전시, 반대 이유로 들다, 감정 따위의 대상.
observe: 관찰하다, 소견을 말하다,
지키다, 주시하다, 거행하다,
진술하다, 규칙 따위를 준수하다,
인지하다, 준수하다, 관찰에 의하여
인지하다.
sufficient: 충분한, 충분, 할 능력이
있는, 할 만큼의 능력이 있는.
vulture: 독수리, 욕심쟁이, 무자비한
사람, 욕심 많은 사람, 대머리수리.
wisely: 현명하게.
242 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

put in a dark lantern, all closed, closed, that no light shone out, and then I thrust
in my head. Oh, you would have laughed to see how cunningly I thrust it in! I
moved it slowly -- very, very slowly, so that I might not disturb the old man’s
sleep. It took me an hour to place my whole head within the opening so far that I
could see him as he lay upon his bed. Ha! would a madman have been so wise as
this, And then, when my head was well in the room, I undid the lantern
cautiously-oh, so cautiously -- cautiously (for the hinges creaked) -- I undid it
just so much that a single thin ray fell upon the vulture eye. And this I did for
seven long nights -- every night just at midnight -- but I found the eye always
closed; and so it was impossible to do the work; for it was not the old man who
vexed me, but his Evil Eye. And every morning, when the day broke, I went
boldly into the chamber, and spoke courageously to him, calling him by name in
a hearty tone, and inquiring how he has passed the night. So you see he would
have been a very profound old man, indeed, to suspect that every night, just at
twelve, I looked in upon him while he slept.%
Upon the eighth night I was more than usually cautious in opening the door.
A watch’s minute hand moves more quickly than did mine. Never before that
night had I felt the extent of my own powers -- of my sagacity. I could scarcely
contain my feelings of triumph. To think that there I was, opening the door, little
by little, and he not even to dream of my secret deeds or thoughts. I fairly
chuckled at the idea; and perhaps he heard me; for he moved on the bed
suddenly, as if startled. Now you may think that I drew back -- but no. His room
was as black as pitch with the thick darkness, (for the shutters were close
fastened, through fear of robbers,) and so I knew that he could not see the
opening of the door, and I kept pushing it on steadily, steadily.
I had my head in, and was about to open the lantern, when my thumb
slipped upon the tin fastening, and the old man sprang up in bed, crying out --
“Who’s there?”
I kept quite still and said nothing. For a whole hour I did not move a muscle,
and in the meantime I did not hear him lie down. He was still sitting up in the

boldly: 대담하게, 뻔뻔스럽게, 뚜렷이.
cautiously: 주의깊게, 조심하여,
조심성 있게.
courageously: 용감하게, 용기 있게.
crying: 외치는, 긴급한, 울부짖는,
심한, 좌시할 수없는, 지독한.
cunningly: 교활하게, 교묘하게.
eighth: 여덟 번째, 팔도, 팔 분, 제8의,
제 팔, 여덟 분의 하나 의, 여덟
번째의, 여덟 분의 하나.
lantern: 초롱, 칸델라, 등화실, 환등,
Korean
정탑, 등대의 등실, 등실, 채광창, 엄지손가락으로 만지다,
환등기. 엄지손가락으로 책장을 넘기며 읽다,
muscle: 근육, 완력, 영향력, 힘, 압력, 엄지손가락을 세워서 부탁하다,
압력-완력을 위두르다, 완력을 엄지손가락을 편승을 부탁하다,
위두르다, 근력. 편승을 부탁하다.
pushing: 미는, 활동적인, 억지가 센, triumph: 성공하다, 이기다, 승리,
진취적인, 고집 센. 개선식, 승리감, 승리를 기뻐하다,
thumb: 엄지손가락, 마리화나 담배, 승리를 자랑하다, 대성공, 승리의
빨리 넘기다, 서투르게 다루다, 기쁨, 정복, 공적.
손가락으로 넘겨서 더럽히다, vexed: 안절부절 못하는, 곤란한, 마음
엄지손가락으로 넘기다, 아픈, 성난, 머리를 이프게 하는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 243

bed listening; -- just as I have done, night after night, hearkening to the death
watches in the wall.%
Presently I heard a slight groan, and I knew it was the groan of mortal terror.
It was not a groan of pain or of grief -- oh, no! -- it was the low stifled sound that
arises from the bottom of the soul when overcharged with awe. I knew the sound
well. Many a night, just at midnight, when all the world slept, it has welled up
from my own bosom, deepening, with its dreadful echo, the terrors that
distracted me. I say I knew it well. I knew what the old man felt, and pitied him,
although I chuckled at heart. I knew that he had been lying awake ever since the
first slight noise, when he had turned in the bed. His fears had been ever since
growing upon him. He had been trying to fancy them causeless, but could not.
He had been saying to himself -- “It is nothing but the wind in the chimney -- it is
only a mouse crossing the floor,” or “It is merely a cricket which has made a
single chirp.” Yes, he had been trying to comfort himself with these suppositions:
but he had found all in vain. All in vain; because Death, in approaching him had
stalked with his black shadow before him, and enveloped the victim. And it was
the mournful influence of the unperceived shadow that caused him to feel --
although he neither saw nor heard -- to feel the presence of my head within the
room.
When I had waited a long time, very patiently, without hearing him lie
down, I resolved to open a little -- a very, very little crevice in the lantern. So I
opened it -- you cannot imagine how stealthily, stealthily -- until, at length a
simple dim ray, like the thread of the spider, shot from out the crevice and fell
full upon the vulture eye.
It was open -- wide, wide open -- and I grew furious as I gazed upon it. I saw
it with perfect distinctness -- all a dull blue, with a hideous veil over it that
chilled the very marrow in my bones; but I could see nothing else of the old
man’s face or person: for I had directed the ray as if by instinct, precisely upon
the damned spot.
And have I not told you that what you mistake for madness is but over-
acuteness of the sense? -- now, I say, there came to my ears a low, dull, quick

Korean
crossing: 교차, 교차점, 횡단, 날뛰는, 노하여 펄펄 뛰는,
이종교배, 건널목, 교잡, 횡선, 미쳐날뛰는, 미쳐 날뛰는,
십자로, 방해, 횡단보도, 도항. 소란스러운.
dreadful: 무서운, 몹시 불쾌한, grief: 재난, 실패하다, 비탄, 불운,
따분한, 지겨운, 지긋지긋한. 깊은 슬픔, 고통.
echo: 반향하다, 반향, 메아리, groan: 신음하다, 그 소리, 괴로워하다,
흉내내기, 모방, 초음파 검사법, 으르렁거리다, 열망하다, 불평의
모방하다, 메아리치다, 숲의요정- 소리, 가 넘칠 정도로 많이 있다,
메아리치다, 그대로 되풀이하여 갈망하다, 신음하는 듯한 목소리로
대답하다, 종양. 말하다, 신음 소리, 삐걱거리는 소리.
furious: 맹렬한, 격노한, 사납게 instinct: 본능, 천성, 가득 찬, 넘치는,
배어든, 직각력, 가득찬.
patiently: 끈기 있게.
resolved: 단호한, 결심한, 깊이
생각한, 숙고한, 결의한.
spider: 삼발이, 프라이팬, 거미,
거미같은, 아주 가느다란.
terror: 공포, 무서운사람, 무서움,
성가신 녀석, 몹시 들볶아대는 것,
공포 정치, 테러.
unperceived: 눈치채지 않은, 눈치
채이지 않은.
244 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

sound, such as a watch makes when enveloped in cotton. I knew that sound well,
too. It was the beating of the old man’s heart. It increased my fury, as the beating
of a drum stimulates the soldier into courage.%
But even yet I refrained and kept still. I scarcely breathed. I held the lantern
motionless. I tried how steadily I could maintain the ray upon the eve. Meantime
the hellish tattoo of the heart increased. It grew quicker and quicker, and louder
and louder every instant. The old man’s terror must have been extreme! It grew
louder, I say, louder every moment! -- do you mark me well I have told you that I
am nervous: so I am. And now at the dead hour of the night, amid the dreadful
silence of that old house, so strange a noise as this excited me to uncontrollable
terror. Yet, for some minutes longer I refrained and stood still. But the beating
grew louder, louder! I thought the heart must burst. And now a new anxiety
seized me -- the sound would be heard by a neighbour! The old man’s hour had
come! With a loud yell, I threw open the lantern and leaped into the room. He
shrieked once -- once only. In an instant I dragged him to the floor, and pulled
the heavy bed over him. I then smiled gaily, to find the deed so far done. But, for
many minutes, the heart beat on with a muffled sound. This, however, did not
vex me; it would not be heard through the wall. At length it ceased. The old man
was dead. I removed the bed and examined the corpse. Yes, he was stone, stone
dead. I placed my hand upon the heart and held it there many minutes. There
was no pulsation. He was stone dead. His eye would trouble me no more.
If still you think me mad, you will think so no longer when I describe the
wise precautions I took for the concealment of the body. The night waned, and I
worked hastily, but in silence. First of all I dismembered the corpse. I cut off the
head and the arms and the legs.
I then took up three planks from the flooring of the chamber, and deposited
all between the scantlings. I then replaced the boards so cleverly, so cunningly,
that no human eye -- not even his -- could have detected any thing wrong. There
was nothing to wash out -- no stain of any kind -- no blood-spot whatever. I had
been too wary for that. A tub had caught all -- ha! ha!

Korean
beating: 고동, 때림, 날개치기, 타파, flooring: 바닥, 바닥깔기, 마루, stain: 얼룩, 오점, 더러워지다, 착색,
매질, 박정한 대우, 구타, 맥박, 패배, 마루까는 재료, 바닥을 까는 재료, 착색하다, 흠, 더럽히다, 손상시키다,
채찍질의 처벌, 지게 하기. 마룻 바닥. 얼룩지다, 얼룩을 묻히다, 더럼.
drum: 북, 불러모으다, 드럼통, 고실, gaily: 유쾌하게, 흥겹게, 야하게. tattoo: 문신, 귀영북, 귀영 나팔,
북을 치고 돌아다니다, 북을 치고 hastily: 급히, 허둥지둥, 서둘러서, 조랑말, 톡톡 두드리다, 북 소리,
돌아디니며 모집하다, 고동, 북으로 경솔하게, 성급하게, 조급하게, 귀영나팔, 군악 연주회, 문신하다.
연주하다, 북을치다, 고막, 억지로 서둘러. tub: 통, 목욕시키다, 목욕통, 통에
주입시키다. loud: 큰소리로, 화려한, 떠들썩한, 넣다, 뚱보, 목욕, 느리고 모양 없는
eve: 전야, 저녁, 이브, 직전, 밤, 극성스러운, 소리가 큰, 주제넘는, 매, 동이, 한통의 분량, 목욕통에서
명절의 전날 밤, 하와, 전날 밤, 전날, 불쾌히, 좀 지나치게 화려한, 높은, 몸을 씻다, 뚱뚱보.
여자 이름. 야비한, 야하게. wary: 주의 깊은, 조심성 있는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 245

When I had made an end of these labors, it was four o’clock -- still dark as
midnight. As the bell sounded the hour, there came a knocking at the street
door. I went down to open it with a light heart, -- for what had I now to fear?
There entered three men, who introduced themselves, with perfect suavity, as
officers of the police. A shriek had been heard by a neighbour during the night;
suspicion of foul play had been aroused; information had been lodged at the
police office, and they (the officers) had been deputed to search the premises.%
I smiled, -- for what had I to fear? I bade the gentlemen welcome. The shriek,
I said, was my own in a dream. The old man, I mentioned, was absent in the
country. I took my visitors all over the house. I bade them search -- search well. I
led them, at length, to his chamber. I showed them his treasures, secure,
undisturbed. In the enthusiasm of my confidence, I brought chairs into the room,
and desired them here to rest from their fatigues, while I myself, in the wild
audacity of my perfect triumph, placed my own seat upon the very spot beneath
which reposed the corpse of the victim.
The officers were satisfied. My manner had convinced them. I was singularly
at ease. They sat, and while I answered cheerily, they chatted of familiar things.
But, ere long, I felt myself getting pale and wished them gone. My head ached,
and I fancied a ringing in my ears: but still they sat and still chatted. The ringing
became more distinct: -- It continued and became more distinct: I talked more
freely to get rid of the feeling: but it continued and gained definiteness -- until, at
length, I found that the noise was not within my ears.
No doubt I now grew very pale; -- but I talked more fluently, and with a
heightened voice. Yet the sound increased -- and what could I do? It was a low,
dull, quick sound -- much such a sound as a watch makes when enveloped in
cotton. I gasped for breath -- and yet the officers heard it not. I talked more
quickly -- more vehemently; but the noise steadily increased. I arose and argued
about trifles, in a high key and with violent gesticulations; but the noise steadily
increased. Why would they not be gone? I paced the floor to and fro with heavy
strides, as if excited to fury by the observations of the men -- but the noise
steadily increased. Oh God! what could I do? I foamed -- I raved -- I swore! I

Korean
audacity: 대담, 뻔뻔스러움, 대담한 fluently: 유창하게, 우아하게,
짓, 뻔뻔스러운 짓. 웅변으로, 완만하게, 거침없이.
cotton: 목화, 솜, 무명, 면사, 이 foul: 반칙, 엉클어진, 더럽히다,
좋아지다, 무명실, 면의, 솜털, 호감을 더러운, 더러워지다, 반칙하다,
가지다, 탈지면, 을 이해하다. 꽉막힌, 악취있는, 충돌하다, 반칙의,
desired: 옳은, 훌륭한, 바랐던, 엉클어지다.
희망했던. freely: 아낌없이, 마음대로, 인심
dull: 둔한, 무딘, 둔감한, 흐리게하다, 후하게, 자유로이, 자유롭게,
누그러뜨리다, 지루한, 둔해지다, 허물없이.
또렷하지 않은, 또렷하지않은, gentlemen: 남자분, 신사, 아마추어
지루한-무디게하다, 무디게하다. 선수, 남자용 화장실, 유산 유한
계급의 사람, 귀족이 아니면서 가문을
다는 특권을 가진 사람.
knocking: 노킹, 문두들김.
mentioned: 상기한, 언급한, 말하는.
neighbour: 동포, 이웃의, 이웃하다,
같은 종류끼리서로 이웃하는 것, 서로
이웃하는 것, 이웃 사람.
paced: 보의, 걸음이 ...인.
suavity: 온화, 정중한 태도, 기분좋음.
suspicion: 미량, 의심, 협의, 소량,
낌새챔, 느낌, 용의, 에 혐의를 두다.
246 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

swung the chair upon which I had been sitting, and grated it upon the boards,
but the noise arose over all and continually increased. It grew louder -- louder --
louder! And still the men chatted pleasantly, and smiled. Was it possible they
heard not? Almighty God! -- no, no! They heard! -- they suspected! -- they knew!
-- they were making a mockery of my horror!-this I thought, and this I think. But
anything was better than this agony! Anything was more tolerable than this
derision! I could bear those hypocritical smiles no longer! I felt that I must
scream or die! and now -- again! -- hark! louder! louder! louder! louder!
“Villains!” I shrieked, “dissemble no more! I admit the deed! -- tear up the
planks! here, here! -- It is the beating of his hideous heart!”%

Korean
admit: 허락하다, 들이다, 인정하다, derision: 비웃음, 경멸, 조롱, 어울리지 않다, 깔깔거리며 웃다,
승인하다, 입장을 허용하다, 수용할 조소거리. 센세이셔널 글을 써대다, 소리질러
수 있다, 고백하다, 여지가 있다, 에 grated: 일반용의. 말하다, 우스꽝스러운 것,
들어갈 수단이 되다, 수용하다, 넣다. hark: 듣다, 경청하다. 우스꽝스러운 사람.
almighty: 대단한, 전능한, 대단히, 신, hypocritical: 위선의, 위선적인. tear: 눈물, 쥐어뜯다, 찢다,
전능자. noise: 소음, 잡음, 소리, 평판, 소리를 분열시키다, 비애, 할퀴다, 질주하다,
bear: 곰, 견디다, 가지다, 지니다, 내다, 시끄러움, 야단, 떠들다, 소란, 잡아뜯다, 미친듯이 날뛰다,
덮치다, 하기에 족하다, 받치다, 소문을 내다, 소문을 퍼뜨리다. 괴롭히다, 돌진하다.
나르다, 난폭자, 배겨내다, 지탱하다. scream: 소리치다, 날카로운 소리, tolerable: 참을수 있는, 상당한, 참을
continually: 빈번히, 줄곧, 계속해서, 깔깔대다, 매우 익살스런 사람, 큰 수 있는, 웬만한, 꽤 건강한.
끊임없이, 계속적으로. 소리를 지르다, 번지르르하여
 Edgar Allan Poe 247

BERENICE

Dicebant mihi sodales, si sepulchrum amicae visitarem, curas meas

aliquantulum forelevatas.%
--Ebn Zaiat

Misery is manifold. The wretchedness of earth is multiform. Overreaching

the wide horizon as the rainbow, its hues are as various as the hues of that arch -
- as distinct too, yet as intimately blended. Overreaching the wide horizon as the
rainbow! How is it that from beauty I have derived a type of unloveliness? --
from the covenant of peace, a simile of sorrow? But as, in ethics, evil is a
consequence of good, so, in fact, out of joy is sorrow born. Either the memory of
past bliss is the anguish of to-day, or the agonies which are, have their origin in
the ecstasies which might have been.
My baptismal name is Egaeus; that of my family I will not mention. Yet there
are no towers in the land more time-honored than my gloomy, gray, hereditary
halls. Our line has been called a race of visionaries; and in many striking
particulars -- in the character of the family mansion -- in the frescos of the chief
saloon -- in the tapestries of the dormitories -- in the chiselling of some buttresses
in the armory -- but more especially in the gallery of antique paintings -- in the

Korean
anguish: 격통, 고뇌. horizon: 수평선, 지평선, 범위, 시계,
armory: 문장학, 병기고, 병기공장, 한계, 시야, 지평층.
병기류, 주병 부대 본부, 무구, 문장. intimately: 친밀히, 친밀하게,
baptismal: 세례의. 충심으로, 직접적으로, 상세하게,
covenant: 계약하다, 계약, 서약, 계약 내심으로.
조항, 맹약, 날인증서, 날인 증서 joy: 즐거움, 기쁨, 기뻐하다, 기쁘게
계약, 날인 증서. 하다, 기쁨거리, 행복, 기쁘게 해주다,
distinct: 별개의, 다른, 명백한, 기쁨을 주는 것.
명확한, 장식된, 뚜렷한. manifold: 다양한, 다방면의, 복사를
ethics: 윤리학, 도덕, 도덕 원리. 뜨다, 여러가지의, 다수의, 사본,
frescos: 프레스코 화법. 다양성, 복사 지로 복사한 사본,
복사기로 복사한 사본.
mention: 이름을 들다, 진술하다,
언급하다, 언급, 이름을 들기, 말하다.
origin: 태생, 가문, 기원, 혈통, 발단,
원점.
saloon: 술집, 바, 객실, 홀, 큰 방,
사교실, 오락장, 큰 홀, 특별 객차,
라운지, 세단형 자동차.
striking: 치는, 파업중인, 인상적인,
현저한, 두드러진, 눈에 띄는.
unloveliness: 추함.
248 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

fashion of the library chamber -- and, lastly, in the very peculiar nature of the
library’s contents -- there is more than sufficient evidence to warrant the belief.%
The recollections of my earliest years are connected with that chamber, and
with its volumes -- of which latter I will say no more. Here died my mother.
Herein was I born. But it is mere idleness to say that I had not lived before -- that
the soul has no previous existence. You deny it? -- let us not argue the matter.
Convinced myself, I seek not to convince. There is, however, a remembrance of
aerial forms -- of spiritual and meaning eyes -- of sounds, musical yet sad -- a
remembrance which will not be excluded; a memory like a shadow -- vague,
variable, indefinite, unsteady; and like a shadow, too, in the impossibility of my
getting rid of it while the sunlight of my reason shall exist.
In that chamber was I born. Thus awaking from the long night of what
seemed, but was not, nonentity, at once into the very regions of fairy land -- into
a palace of imagination -- into the wild dominions of monastic thought and
erudition -- it is not singular that I gazed around me with a startled and ardent
eye -- that I loitered away my boyhood in books, and dissipated my youth in
reverie; but it is singular that as years rolled away, and the noon of manhood
found me still in the mansion of my fathers -- it is wonderful what stagnation
there fell upon the springs of my life -- wonderful how total an inversion took
place in the character of my commonest thought. The realities of the world
affected me as visions, and as visions only, while the wild ideas of the land of
dreams became, in turn, not the material of my every-day existence, but in very
deed that existence utterly and solely in itself.

* * * * * * *

Berenice and I were cousins, and we grew up together in my paternal halls.

Yet differently we grew -- I, ill of health, and buried in gloom -- she, agile,
graceful, and overflowing with energy; hers, the ramble on the hill-side -- mine

aerial: 공중의, 항공의, 공상적인,
공중에 치솟은, 희박한, 기체의,
공중에 생기는-아테나곡예사, 공중에
생기는-안테나곡예사, 공중에서
사는, 공중선, 공기의.
agile: 민활한, 재빠른, 머리 회전이
빠른, 기민한.
impossibility: 불가능성, 불가능한 일,
불가능.
inversion: 역, 도치, 도치법, 동성애,
역위, 반전, 반대, 성도착, 여환법,
Korean
전화, 전회. paternal: 아버지의, 부자주의,
lastly: 최후에, 최후로. 아버지로서.
monastic: 수도원의, 금욕적인, ramble: 산책, 종작없는 이야기,
소도사의, 수도원적인, 수사. 어정거림, 뻗어 가는, 덩굴풀 따위가
nonentity: 지어낸 것, 보잘것 우거지다, 우거지다, 빈둥빈둥거닐다,
없는사람, 하찮은 사람, 실패하지 만보, 두서없이 쓰다, 거닐다,
않음, 실재하지 않음, 실재하지 두서없이 지껄이다.
않는것, 상상의 산물, 존재하지 않는 stagnation: 굄, 불경기, 침체.
것, 존재하지 않는 일, 실재하지 않는 vague: 분명치 않은, 모호한, 막연한,
것, 실재하지 않는 일. 몽롱하다, 멍한, 아주 조금의, 아주
overflowing: 넘쳐 흐르는. 희미한.
 Edgar Allan Poe 249

the studies of the cloister; I, living within my own heart, and addicted, body and
soul, to the most intense and painful meditation -- she, roaming carelessly
through life, with no thought of the shadows in her path, or the silent flight of
the raven-winged hours. Berenice! -I call upon her name -- Berenice! -- and from
the gray ruins of memory a thousand tumultuous recollections are startled at the
sound! Ah, vividly is her image before me now, as in the early days of her light-
heartedness and joy! Oh, gorgeous yet fantastic beauty! Oh, sylph amid the
shrubberies of Arnheim! Oh, Naiad among its fountains! And then -- then all is
mystery and terror, and a tale which should not be told. Disease -- a fatal disease,
fell like the simoon upon her frame; and, even while I gazed upon her, the spirit
of change swept over her, pervading her mind, her habits, and her character,
and, in a manner the most subtle and terrible, disturbing even the identity of her
person! Alas! the destroyer came and went! -- and the victim -where is she? I
knew her not -- or knew her no longer as Berenice.%
Among the numerous train of maladies superinduced by that fatal and
primary one which effected a revolution of so horrible a kind in the moral and
physical being of my cousin, may be mentioned as the most distressing and
obstinate in its nature, a species of epilepsy not unfrequently terminating in
trance itself -- trance very nearly resembling positive dissolution, and from which
her manner of recovery was in most instances, startlingly abrupt. In the mean
time my own disease -- for I have been told that I should call it by no other
appellation -- my own disease, then, grew rapidly upon me, and assumed finally
a monomaniac character of a novel and extraordinary form -- hourly and
momently gaining vigor -- and at length obtaining over me the most
incomprehensible ascendancy. This monomania, if I must so term it, consisted in
a morbid irritability of those properties of the mind in metaphysical science
termed the attentive. It is more than probable that I am not understood; but I
fear, indeed, that it is in no manner possible to convey to the mind of the merely
general reader, an adequate idea of that nervous intensity of interest with which,
in my case, the powers of meditation (not to speak technically) busied and
buried themselves, in the contemplation of even the most ordinary objects of the
universe.

Korean
abrupt: 험준한, 느닷없는, 나타내다, 운반하다, 시사하다. 형이상파의, 초자연적인, 시인이
퉁명스러운, 뜻밖의, 단열의, 툭 disturbing: 불안하게 하는, 형이상파의.
잘라낸 꼴의. 교란시키는, 불온한. monomania: 편집광.
attentive: 친절한, 경청하는, 정중한, epilepsy: 간질, 지랄병. monomaniac: 편집광 환자, 편집광자.
주의깊은, 주의 깊은. fatal: 숙명적인, 치명적인, 결정적인, properties: 등록 정보.
cloister: 수도원, 회랑, 수도원에 운명의. simoon: 열풍.
가두다, 들어 박히다, 조용하고 irritability: 성급함, 화를 잘냄, startlingly: 놀랄만큼, 놀랍도록.
외진곳, 은둔처, 은둔생활, 수녀원, 흥분성, 자극, 성미가 급함, 민감함, sylph: 공기의 요정, 미소녀, 아름다운
수도원 생활, 복도, 조용하고 외진 곳. 성을 잘냄. 여자.
convey: 양도하다, 전달하다, 나르다, metaphysical: 형이상학의, 공론의, technically: 기술적으로, 전문적으로,
전하다, 뜻하다, 알리다, 옮기다, 추상적인, 형이상의, 형이상파 시인, 법 적으로.
250 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

To muse for long unwearied hours, with my attention riveted to some

frivolous device on the margin, or in the typography of a book; to become
absorbed, for the better part of a summer’s day, in a quaint shadow falling aslant
upon the tapestry or upon the floor; to lose myself, for an entire night, in
watching the steady flame of a lamp, or the embers of a fire; to dream away
whole days over the perfume of a flower; to repeat, monotonously, some
common word, until the sound, by dint of frequent repetition, ceased to convey
any idea whatever to the mind; to lose all sense of motion or physical existence,
by means of absolute bodily quiescence long and obstinately persevered in: such
were a few of the most common and least pernicious vagaries induced by a
condition of the mental faculties, not, indeed, altogether unparalleled, but
certainly bidding defiance to anything like analysis or explanation.%
Yet let me not be misapprehended. The undue, earnest, and morbid attention
thus excited by objects in their own nature frivolous, must not be confounded in
character with that ruminating propensity common to all mankind, and more
especially indulged in by persons of ardent imagination. It was not even, as
might be at first supposed, an extreme condition, or exaggeration of such
propensity, but primarily and essentially distinct and different. In the one
instance, the dreamer, or enthusiast, being interested by an object usually not
frivolous, imperceptibly loses sight of this object in a wilderness of deductions
and suggestions issuing therefrom, until, at the conclusion of a day dream often
replete with luxury, he finds the incitamentum, or first cause of his musings,
entirely vanished and forgotten. In my case, the primary object was invariably
frivolous, although assuming, through the medium of my distempered vision, a
refracted and unreal importance. Few deductions, if any, were made; and those
few pertinaciously returning in upon the original object as a centre. The
meditations were never pleasurable; and, at the termination of the reverie, the
first cause, so far from being out of sight, had attained that supernaturally
exaggerated interest which was the prevailing feature of the disease. In a word,
the powers of mind more particularly exercised were, with me, as I have said
before, the attentive, and are, with the day-dreamer, the speculative.

aslant: 기울어져, 비스듬히.
bidding: 초대, 입찰, 명령, 공고, 선언,
비드하기.
bodily: 통째로, 육체적인-몸소,
모조리, 몸의, 신체상의, 구체의,
육체상의.
dreamer: 꿈꾸는 사람, 공상가, 꿈
꾸는 사람.
enthusiast: 열광자, 팬, 열성적인
사람, 광, 광식적인.
imperceptibly: 관찰할 수 없는,
Korean
근소한, 점차적인. speculative: 사색적인, 위험을 내포한,
invariably: 변화없이, 반드시, 일정 순이론적인, 투기의, 투기적인,
불변하게, 일정 불변하게 늘. 위험한.
muse: 시적 영감, 시심, 심사 supernaturally: 초자연적으로.
묵고하다, 골똘이 바라보다, 명상에 typography: 인쇄, 활판 인쇄술,
잠기다, 시인, 뮤즈 의 신, 뮤즈신, 인쇄의 체재.
숙고하다, 시신, 생각에 잠기면서 undue: 과도한, 기한이 되지 않은,
말하다. 지나치게 많은, 부적당한, 매우심한,
obstinately: 부득부득. 부당한.
pernicious: 유해한, 치명적인, unwearied: 지치지 않은, 끈덕진,
파괴적인, 유독한. 불굴의.
 Edgar Allan Poe 251

My books, at this epoch, if they did not actually serve to irritate the disorder,
partook, it will be perceived, largely, in their imaginative and inconsequential
nature, of the characteristic qualities of the disorder itself. I well remember,
among others, the treatise of the noble Italian, Coelius Secundus Curio, “De
Amplitudine Beati Regni Dei”; St. Austin’s great work, the “City of God”; and
Tertullian’s “De Carne Christi”, in which the paradoxical sentence “Mortuus est
Dei filius; credible est quia ineptum est: et sepultus resurrexit; certum est quia
impossibile est,” occupied my undivided time, for many weeks of laborious and
fruitless investigation.%
Thus it will appear that, shaken from its balance only by trivial things, my
reason bore resemblance to that ocean-crag spoken of by Ptolemy Hephestion,
which steadily resisting the attacks of human violence, and the fiercer fury of the
waters and the winds, trembled only to the touch of the flower called Asphodel.
And although, to a careless thinker, it might appear a matter beyond doubt, that
the alteration produced by her unhappy malady, in the moral condition of
Berenice, would afford me many objects for the exercise of that intense and
abnormal meditation whose nature I have been at some trouble in explaining, yet
such was not in any degree the case. In the lucid intervals of my infirmity, her
calamity, indeed, gave me pain, and, taking deeply to heart that total wreck of
her fair and gentle life, I did not fall to ponder, frequently and bitterly, upon the
wonder-working means by which so strange a revolution had been so suddenly
brought to pass. But these reflections partook not of the idiosyncrasy of my
disease, and were such as would have occurred, under similar circumstances, to
the ordinary mass of mankind. True to its own character, my disorder revelled in
the less important but more startling changes wrought in the physical frame of
Berenice -- in the singular and most appalling distortion of her personal identity.
During the brightest days of her unparalleled beauty, most surely I had never
loved her. In the strange anomaly of my existence, feelings with me, had never
been of the heart, and my passions always were of the mind. Through the gray of
the early morning -- among the trellised shadows of the forest at noonday -- and
in the silence of my library at night -- she had flitted by my eyes, and I had seen
her -- not as the living and breathing Berenice, but as the Berenice of a dream; not
Korean
anomaly: 변칙, 불규칙, 이상한 것, 믿을 만한 소식통에서, 신용할수있는, 짜증나게하다, 무효로 하다, 염증을
근점 거리. 신뢰할 수 있는. 일으키게 하다, 안달하게하다,
appalling: 대단한, 섬뜩한, 심한, distortion: 왜곡, 억지맞춤, 일그러진, 무효로하다, 노하게 하다,
끔찍한, 무서운, 오싹 소름이 끼치는, 찌그러뜨림. 실효시키다.
질리는. inconsequential: 하찮은, 논리에 맞지 noonday: 정오, 정오의, 한낮, 한낮의.
careless: 경솔한, 부주의한, 무관심한, 않는, 이치에 맞지 않는, 대수롭지 thinker: 사상가, 생각하는 사람,
괘념치 않는, 되는대로의, 마음 편한, 않은. 사색가.
마음편한, 무심한, 정신차리지 않는, infirmity: 허약, 약점, 병약, 병, 결점, treatise: 논문, 논설.
조심성없는, 태평스러운. 연약, 질병, 질환, 결함. trellised: 격자가 있는.
circumstances: 사정, 상황, 환경. irritate: 자극하다, 화나게 하다, undivided: 나눌 수 없는, 연속된,
credible: 신용할 수 있는, 확실한, 초조하게 만들다, 염증을 일으키다, 골똘한.
252 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

as a being of the earth, earthy, but as the abstraction of such a being; not as a
thing to admire, but to analyze; not as an object of love, but as the theme of the
most abstruse although desultory speculation. And now -- now I shuddered in
her presence, and grew pale at her approach; yet, bitterly lamenting her fallen
and desolate condition, I called to mind that she had loved me long, and, in an
evil moment, I spoke to her of marriage.%
And at length the period of our nuptials was approaching, when, upon an
afternoon in the winter of the year -- one of those unseasonably warm, calm, and
misty days which are the nurse of the beautiful Halcyon, -- I sat, (and sat, as I
thought, alone,) in the inner apartment of the library. But, uplifting my eyes, I
saw that Berenice stood before me.
Was it my own excited imagination -- or the misty influence of the
atmosphere -- or the uncertain twilight of the chamber -- or the gray draperies
which fell around her figure -- that caused in it so vacillating and indistinct an
outline? I could not tell. She spoke no word; and I -- not for worlds could I have
uttered a syllable. An icy chill ran through my frame; a sense of insufferable
anxiety oppressed me; a consuming curiosity pervaded my soul; and sinking
back upon the chair, I remained for some time breathless and motionless, with
my eyes riveted upon her person. Alas! its emaciation was excessive, and not one
vestige of the former being lurked in any single line of the contour. My burning
glances at length fell upon the face.
The forehead was high, and very pale, and singularly placid; and the once
jetty hair fell partially over it, and overshadowed the hollow temples with
innumerable ringlets, now of a vivid yellow, and jarring discordantly, in their
fantastic character, with the reigning melancholy of the countenance. The eyes
were lifeless, and lustreless, and seemingly pupilless, and I shrank involuntarily
from their glassy stare to he contemplation of the thin and shrunken lips. They
parted; and in a smile of peculiar meaning, the teeth of the changed Berenice
disclosed themselves slowly to my view. Would to God that I had never beheld
them, or that, having done so, I had died!

Korean
abstruse: 난해, 난해한. consuming: 소비하는, 여위게 하는,
admire: 감탄하다, 칭찬하다, 태워버리는, 다 태워버리는,
기뻐하다, 좋아하다, 찬미하다, 애태우는, 여위게하는, 태워 버리는.
황홀하게 바라보다, 탄복하며 discordantly: 불화하게, 충돌하게.
바라보다, 찬탄하다, 탄복하다. earthy: 흙의, 야비한, 흙같은, 하치의,
analyze: 분석하다, 분해하다, 세속의, 거친, 땅의, 지상의.
해석하다, 검토하다, 분석적으로 jarring: 충돌, 귀에 거슬리는
검토하다, 정신분석하다, 해부하다. 삐걱거림, 삐걱거리는, 알력, 부조화,
breathless: 죽은, 숨가쁜, 숨을 죽인, 삐걱거림.
바람 없는, 바람 한 점 없는, 숨도 못 lifeless: 죽은, 생명없는, 생명이 없는,
쉴 정도의. 활기가 없는, 생물이 살고 있지 않은.
nuptials: 결혼식.
parted: 나뉜, 부분으로 나뉜,
흐트러진, 갈라진.
placid: 평온한, 침착한, 온화한.
reigning: 군림하는, 널리 퍼져 있는,
널리 유행하는, 세도를 부리는.
shrunken: 시든.
twilight: 황혼, 여명, 희미한 빛,
땅거미, 어둑새벽, 어스레하게 밝은,
여명기, 미광, 어슴푸레한 짐작,
어스름, 희미하게 비추다.
 Edgar Allan Poe 253

*% * * * * * *

The shutting of a door disturbed me, and, looking up, I found that my cousin
had departed from the chamber. But from the disordered chamber of my brain,
had not, alas! departed, and would not be driven away, the white and ghastly
spectrum of the teeth. Not a speck on their surface -- not a shade on their enamel -
- not an indenture in their edges -- but what that period of her smile had sufficed
to brand in upon my memory. I saw them now even more unequivocally than I
beheld them then. The teeth! -- the teeth! -- they were here, and there, and
everywhere, and visibly and palpably before me; long, narrow, and excessively
white, with the pale lips writhing about them, as in the very moment of their first
terrible development. Then came the full fury of my monomania, and I struggled
in vain against its strange and irresistible influence. In the multiplied objects of
the external world I had no thoughts but for the teeth. For these I longed with a
phrenzied desire. All other matters and all different interests became absorbed in
their single contemplation. They -- they alone were present to the mental eye,
and they, in their sole individuality, became the essence of my mental life. I held
them in every light. I turned them in every attitude. I surveyed their
characteristics. I dwelt upon their peculiarities. I pondered upon their
conformation. I mused upon the alteration in their nature. I shuddered as I
assigned to them in imagination a sensitive and sentient power, and even when
unassisted by the lips, a capability of moral expression. Of Mademoiselle Salle it
has been well said, “Que tous ses pas etaient des sentiments,” and of Berenice I
more seriously believed que toutes ses dents etaient des idees. Des idees! -- ah here
was the idiotic thought that destroyed me! Des idees! -- ah therefore it was that I
coveted them so madly! I felt that their possession could alone ever restore me to
peace, in giving me back to reason.
And the evening closed in upon me thus -- and then the darkness came, and
tarried, and went -- and the day again dawned -- and the mists of a second night
were now gathering around -- and still I sat motionless in that solitary room --

Korean
brand: 상표, 품질, 낙인을 찍다, 낙인, 입히다, 시기질, 에나멜로 그리다, 계약서, 계약서로써 정하다, 도제계약
상품명, 오명을 씌우다, 인두, 에나멜 도료, 에 에나멜을 칠하다, 에 문서, 톱니 자국을 내기.
타는나무, 검, 횃불, 불이 붙은 나무 에나멜을 입히다. individuality: 개성, 특성, 개체, 인격,
조각. gathering: 모임, 채집, 종기, 수확, 개인, 특질, 단일체, 개체성, 개인적
capability: 능력, 장래성, 가능성, 주름, 곪음, 접지 맞추기, 집회, 개더, 특성.
뻗어날소질, 뻗을 소질, 성능, 수완, 농양, 부어 오름. pas: 우선권, 선행권, 파스, 결핵
가능 출력, 재능, 특성, 뻗어날 소질. idiotic: 백치의, 바보의. 치료약, 스텝.
conformation: 적합, 구조, 형태, 배좌, indenture: 계약서, 증서, 새김눈을 teeth: 이.
순종, 형상, 조화적 배치, 정합, 일치. 붙임, 톱니자국, 톱니모양으로 만듦, unassisted: 남의 도움이 없는.
enamel: 에나멜, 법랑, 유약, 법랑질, 기한부 도제로 넣다, 기한부 visibly: 눈에 보이게, 뚜렷하게,
에나멜을 칠하다, 오지그릇의유약을 고용살이로 보내다, 기한부 고용살이 명백히, 역력히.
254 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

and still I sat buried in meditation -- and still the phantasma of the teeth
maintained its terrible ascendancy, as, with the most vivid hideous distinctness,
it floated about amid the changing lights and shadows of the chamber. At length
there broke in upon my dreams a cry as of horror and dismay; and thereunto,
after a pause, succeeded the sound of troubled voices, intermingled with many
low moanings of sorrow or of pain. I arose from my seat, and throwing open one
of the doors of the library, saw standing out in the ante-chamber a servant
maiden, all in tears, who told me that Berenice was -- no more! She had been
seized with epilepsy in the early morning, and now, at the closing in of the night,
the grave was ready for its tenant, and all the preparations for the burial were
completed.%

* * * * * * *

I found myself sitting in the library, and again sitting there alone. It seemed
that I had newly awakened from a confused and exciting dream. I knew that it
was now midnight, and I was well aware, that since the setting of the sun,
Berenice had been interred. But of that dreary period which intervened I had no
positive, at least no definite comprehension. Yet its memory was replete with
horror -- horror more horrible from being vague, and terror more terrible from
ambiguity. It was a fearful page in the record my existence, written all over with
dim, and hideous, and unintelligible recollections. I strived to decypher them,
but in vain; while ever and anon, like the spirit of a departed sound, the shrill
and piercing shriek of a female voice seemed to be ringing in my ears. I had done
a deed -- what was it? I asked myself the question aloud, and the whispering
echoes of the chamber answered me, -- “what was it?”
On the table beside me burned a lamp, and near it lay a little box. It was of no
remarkable character, and I had seen it frequently before, for it was the property
of the family physician; but how came it there, upon my table, and why did I
shudder in regarding it? These things were in no manner to be accounted for,
Korean
ambiguity: 애매한 말, 애매함, 다의, 근심시키다, 당황케 하다, 놀람. regarding: 에 관해서, 의점에서는,
두 가지 뜻, 모호, 모호한 표현, 여러 horror: 공포, 열등품, 소름끼치게하는, 한점에서는, 에 관하여, 에 관해서는.
가지 뜻. 염오, 무서운것, 공포의 전율, 치가 servant: 하인, 봉사자, 고용인, 머슴,
broke: 무일푼의, 파산하여. 떨리는 기분, 무서운 것, 참으로 부하, 공무원, 종업원, 하인의.
chamber: 약실, 방, 소실, 침실, 변호사 지독한 것. tenant: 거주자, 차가인, 차지인, 에
사무실, 의원, 의회, 회의장, 회의실, maiden: 처음의, 아가씨, 처녀, 살다, 임차하다, 빌다, 소작인,
회의소, 회관. 미혼녀, 미혼의, 소녀, 단두대, 차용자, 부동산 보유자, 부동산
closing: 마감, 폐쇄, 마지막의, 종결, 단두대... 미혼의, 처녀인, 처녀의. 점유자, 차용하다.
결산, 결산의, 폐점, 마감하는, 밀폐, pause: 휴지, 중지, 단락, 휴지 하다, troubled: 난처한, 거칠은, 소란한,
폐회의, 종장의. 머뭇거리다, 지체, 일시적인 중지, 교란된, 근심스러운.
dismay: 당황, 경악, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 휴지하다, 구절, 일시 중지. whispering: 속삭임, 속삭이는.
 Edgar Allan Poe 255

and%my eyes at length dropped to the open pages of a book, and to a sentence
underscored therein. The words were the singular but simple ones of the poet
Ebn Zaiat: -- “Dicebant mihi sodales si sepulchrum amicae visitarem, curas meas
aliquantulum fore levatas.” Why then, as I perused them, did the hairs of my head
erect themselves on end, and the blood of my body become congealed within my
veins?
There came a light tap at the library door -- and, pale as the tenant of a tomb,
a menial entered upon tiptoe. His looks were wild with terror, and he spoke to
me in a voice tremulous, husky, and very low. What said he? -- some broken
sentences I heard. He told of a wild cry disturbing the silence of the night -- of
the gathering together of the household -- of a search in the direction of the
sound; and then his tones grew thrillingly distinct as he whispered me of a
violated grave -- of a disfigured body enshrouded, yet still breathing -- still
palpitating -- still alive!
He pointed to garments; -- they were muddy and clotted with gore. I spoke
not, and he took me gently by the hand: it was indented with the impress of
human nails. He directed my attention to some object against the wall. I looked
at it for some minutes: it was a spade. With a shriek I bounded to the table, and
grasped the box that lay upon it. But I could not force it open; and in my tremor,
it slipped from my hands, and fell heavily, and burst into pieces; and from it,
with a rattling sound, there rolled out some instruments of dental surgery,
intermingled with thirty-two small, white and ivory-looking substances that
were scattered to and fro about the floor.

Korean
dental: 이의, 치과의, 치음, 치음자, 하는. scattered: 뿔뿔이 흩어진, 산발적인,
치음의. muddy: 충충한, 흐리게 하다, 진흙 산만한, 산재해 있는, 드문드문 있는.
fore: 전면, 전방에-전방, 전방에, 투성이의, 진흙의, 혼란한, 혼란한- spade: 흑인, 가래, 삽, 포미박기,
기수에, 이 위험하다, 의 에, 앞쪽, 진흙 투성이로 만들다, 진흙 투성이로 스페이드한벌, 스페이드, 스페이드페,
전방, 이물에, 앞 전방의, 앞 앞면의. 만들다, 진흙이 많은, 흐린, 빛 따위가 한 가래의 분량, 스페이드패, 삽으로
indented: 톱니 모양으로 된, 톱니 흐린, 음성 따위가 흐린. 파다, 끌로 잘라내다.
자국이 있는, 들쭉날쭉한, 기한부, palpitating: 맥박이 뛰는. tiptoe: 발끝, 살그머니, 발끝으로,
도제로들어간, 톱니 모양의, rattling: 활발한, 굉장한, 열심히, 발끝으로 걷다, 살그머니
들쭉날쭉, 기한부 도제 살이로 덜거덕거리는, 훌륭한, 아주, 성가신, 하는, 주의 깊은, 크게 기대하고 있는,
들어간. 매우, 딸랑거리는, 대단히, 기운찬, 발끝으로 서 있는, 발끝으로 선,
menial: 하인의, 천한, 하인, 천한 일을 귀찮은. 발끝으로 걷는.
256 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

ELEONORA

Sub conservatione formae specificae salva anima.%

--Raymond Lully

I am come of a race noted for vigor of fancy and ardor of passion. Men have
called me mad; but the question is not yet settled, whether madness is or is not
the loftiest intelligence -- whether much that is glorious- whether all that is
profound -- does not spring from disease of thought -- from moods of mind
exalted at the expense of the general intellect. They who dream by day are
cognizant of many things which escape those who dream only by night. In their
gray visions they obtain glimpses of eternity, and thrill, in awakening, to find
that they have been upon the verge of the great secret. In snatches, they learn
something of the wisdom which is of good, and more of the mere knowledge
which is of evil. They penetrate, however, rudderless or compassless into the
vast ocean of the “light ineffable,” and again, like the adventures of the Nubian
geographer, “agressi sunt mare tenebrarum, quid in eo esset exploraturi.”
We will say, then, that I am mad. I grant, at least, that there are two distinct
conditions of my mental existence -- the condition of a lucid reason, not to be
disputed, and belonging to the memory of events forming the first epoch of my
life -- and a condition of shadow and doubt, appertaining to the present, and to

Korean
belonging: 소지품, 성질, 재산, 재능, 암컷. quid: 한 입, 씹는 담배의 한 번 씹는
친척, 친숙함, 친밀감, 친밀, 부속물, ocean: 대양, 끝없이 넓음, 막대한 양, 분량, 일파운드 금화, 한 번 씹는
귀속 의식, 귀속. 많음, 양. 분량.
eternity: 영원, 내세, 영구, 영원한 passion: 열정, 격정, 정욕, 정열, 수난, rudderless: 키가 없는, 지도자가 없는,
진실, 영원한 진리, 오래 시간, 영원의 감정의 폭발, 울화, 수동, 열렬한 키를 잃은, 방향타가 없는, 방향타를
세계, 영원한 존재. 사랑, 감탄하는 것, 열망하는 것. 잃은.
expense: 비용, 지출, 손실, 희생, penetrate: 간파하다, 통과하다, verge: 가장자리, 기울다, 경계, 한계,
지출금, 비용이 드는 일, 비돈이 드는 관통하다, 꿰뚫다, 지나가다, 강한 끝, 바싹 다가가다, 에 직면하다, 에
일, 소요 경비. 인상을 주다, 깊이 감동시키다, 향하다, 접하다, 가, 향하다.
geographer: 지리학자. 꿰둘다, 둘고보다, 스며들다, wisdom: 학문, 지혜, 현명, 지식, 분별
mare: 바다, 암말, 암컷, 말 따위의 통찰하다. 현인, 금언, 명언, 현인.
 Edgar Allan Poe 257

the recollection of what constitutes the second great era of my being. Therefore,
what I shall tell of the earlier period, believe; and to what I may relate of the later
time, give only such credit as may seem due, or doubt it altogether, or, if doubt it
ye cannot, then play unto its riddle the Oedipus.%
She whom I loved in youth, and of whom I now pen calmly and distinctly
these remembrances, was the sole daughter of the only sister of my mother long
departed. Eleonora was the name of my cousin. We had always dwelled
together, beneath a tropical sun, in the Valley of the Many-Colored Grass. No
unguided footstep ever came upon that vale; for it lay away up among a range of
giant hills that hung beetling around about it, shutting out the sunlight from its
sweetest recesses. No path was trodden in its vicinity; and, to reach our happy
home, there was need of putting back, with force, the foliage of many thousands
of forest trees, and of crushing to death the glories of many millions of fragrant
flowers. Thus it was that we lived all alone, knowing nothing of the world
without the valley -- I, and my cousin, and her mother.
From the dim regions beyond the mountains at the upper end of our
encircled domain, there crept out a narrow and deep river, brighter than all save
the eyes of Eleonora; and, winding stealthily about in mazy courses, it passed
away, at length, through a shadowy gorge, among hills still dimmer than those
whence it had issued. We called it the “River of Silence”; for there seemed to be a
hushing influence in its flow. No murmur arose from its bed, and so gently it
wandered along, that the pearly pebbles upon which we loved to gaze, far down
within its bosom, stirred not at all, but lay in a motionless content, each in its
own old station, shining on gloriously forever.
The margin of the river, and of the many dazzling rivulets that glided
through devious ways into its channel, as well as the spaces that extended from
the margins away down into the depths of the streams until they reached the bed
of pebbles at the bottom, -- these spots, not less than the whole surface of the
valley, from the river to the mountains that girdled it in, were carpeted all by a
soft green grass, thick, short, perfectly even, and vanilla-perfumed, but so
besprinkled throughout with the yellow buttercup, the white daisy, the purple

Korean
buttercup: 미나리아재비. giant: 거인, 거대한, 위인, 기가스.
crushing: 눌러 터뜨리는, 압도적인, gloriously: 멋지게, 빛나게, 훌륭히,
박살내는, 결정적인, 분쇄하는, 기분이 썩 좋게, 근사하게.
궤멸적인, 눌러 터뜨리는 것. gorge: 게걸스레 먹다, 불쾌, 골짜기,
daisy: 데이지, 상등품, 훌륭한, 여자 좁은통로를 막는 물건, 삼킨 음식,
이름, 일품, 뼈를 추린 훈제햄. 가득 채우다, 배불리 먹다, 대로를
dimmer: 조광기, 제광기, 어스레하게 막는 집적물, 목구멍, 불쾌함, 통로를
하는 물건, 어스레하게 하는 사람, 막는 집적물.
주차, 주차 표시. margin: 가장자리, 난외, 여유, 한계,
fragrant: 상쾌한, 냄새가좋은, 냄새가 방주를 털다, 이문, 판매 수익,
좋은, 향기로운. 변두리, 여지, 증거금을 걸다, 증거금.
mazy: 구불구불한, 당황한, 당혹한.
pearly: 진주 같은, 진주조개로 만든
단추가 달린 옷의 단추, 진주조개로
만든 단추가 달린 옷, 진주의.
shining: 화려한, 빛나는 뛰어난,
두드러진, 빛나는.
thousands: 오만.
unguided: 인도없는, 유도 없는.
ye: 너희들, 호칭으로 사용, 이인칭
대명사의 복수형, 명령문에서 사용,
이인칭 대명사.
258 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

violet, and the ruby-red asphodel, that its exceeding beauty spoke to our hearts
in loud tones, of the love and of the glory of God.%
And, here and there, in groves about this grass, like wildernesses of dreams,
sprang up fantastic trees, whose tall slender stems stood not upright, but slanted
gracefully toward the light that peered at noon-day into the centre of the valley.
Their mark was speckled with the vivid alternate splendor of ebony and silver,
and was smoother than all save the cheeks of Eleonora; so that, but for the
brilliant green of the huge leaves that spread from their summits in long,
tremulous lines, dallying with the Zephyrs, one might have fancied them giant
serpents of Syria doing homage to their sovereign the Sun.
Hand in hand about this valley, for fifteen years, roamed I with Eleonora
before Love entered within our hearts. It was one evening at the close of the third
lustrum of her life, and of the fourth of my own, that we sat, locked in each
other’s embrace, beneath the serpent-like trees, and looked down within the
water of the River of Silence at our images therein. We spoke no words during
the rest of that sweet day, and our words even upon the morrow were tremulous
and few. We had drawn the God Eros from that wave, and now we felt that he
had enkindled within us the fiery souls of our forefathers. The passions which
had for centuries distinguished our race, came thronging with the fancies for
which they had been equally noted, and together breathed a delirious bliss over
the Valley of the Many-Colored Grass. A change fell upon all things. Strange,
brilliant flowers, star-shaped, burn out upon the trees where no flowers had been
known before. The tints of the green carpet deepened; and when, one by one, the
white daisies shrank away, there sprang up in place of them, ten by ten of the
ruby-red asphodel. And life arose in our paths; for the tall flamingo, hitherto
unseen, with all gay glowing birds, flaunted his scarlet plumage before us. The
golden and silver fish haunted the river, out of the bosom of which issued, little
by little, a murmur that swelled, at length, into a lulling melody more divine
than that of the harp of Aeolus-sweeter than all save the voice of Eleonora. And
now, too, a voluminous cloud, which we had long watched in the regions of
Hesper, floated out thence, all gorgeous in crimson and gold, and settling in

Korean
alternate: 호생의, 교류하다, 교체, 되풀이해서 지껄이다. sovereign: 주권자, 최고의, 최상의,
대리교체원, 번갈아서, 번갈아서의, homage: 존경, 복종, 신종의 예, 경의. 주권이 있는, 자주의, 군주, 독립의,
교류의, 부의, 하나씩 거른, lulling: 달래는. 독립국, 영국의 옛날의 일파운드
교대시키다, 교대의. melody: 해조, 선율, 아름다운 곡조, 금화, 영국의 옛1파운드 금화, 특효가
asphodel: 아스포델, 낙원에 핀다는 곡, 가곡, 멜로디. 있는.
지지 않는 꽃. plumage: 깃털. speckled: 얼룩덜룩한, 반점이 있는.
flamingo: 홍학, 플라밍고. scarlet: 주홍색, 주홍빛, 진홍색의, voluminous: 부피가 큰, 다작의,
gracefully: 우아하게, 얌전하게, 진홍색, 죄많은, 진분홍 빛의 옷, 권수가 많은, 풍부한, 큰 부수의, 큰
고상하게, 친절하게. 죄악을 상징하는 진홍빛. 책의, 저서가 많은, 책수가 많은,
harp: 하프, 하프를 타다, 몇번이고 settling: 앙금, 침전물, 식민, 결정, 성량이 풍부한, 넉넉한, 음량이
되뇌다, 거문고자리, 수금, 내려앉음, 고정, 맑아짐. 풍부한.
 Edgar Allan Poe 259

peace above us, sank, day by day, lower and lower, until its edges rested upon
the tops of the mountains, turning all their dimness into magnificence, and
shutting us up, as if forever, within a magic prison-house of grandeur and of
glory.%
The loveliness of Eleonora was that of the Seraphim; but she was a maiden
artless and innocent as the brief life she had led among the flowers. No guile
disguised the fervor of love which animated her heart, and she examined with
me its inmost recesses as we walked together in the Valley of the Many-Colored
Grass, and discoursed of the mighty changes which had lately taken place
therein.
At length, having spoken one day, in tears, of the last sad change which must
befall Humanity, she thenceforward dwelt only upon this one sorrowful theme,
interweaving it into all our converse, as, in the songs of the bard of Schiraz, the
same images are found occurring, again and again, in every impressive variation
of phrase.
She had seen that the finger of Death was upon her bosom -- that, like the
ephemeron, she had been made perfect in loveliness only to die; but the terrors
of the grave to her lay solely in a consideration which she revealed to me, one
evening at twilight, by the banks of the River of Silence. She grieved to think
that, having entombed her in the Valley of the Many-Colored Grass, I would quit
forever its happy recesses, transferring the love which now was so passionately
her own to some maiden of the outer and everyday world. And, then and there, I
threw myself hurriedly at the feet of Eleonora, and offered up a vow, to herself
and to Heaven, that I would never bind myself in marriage to any daughter of
Earth -- that I would in no manner prove recreant to her dear memory, or to the
memory of the devout affection with which she had blessed me. And I called the
Mighty Ruler of the Universe to witness the pious solemnity of my vow. And the
curse which I invoked of Him and of her, a saint in Helusion should I prove
traitorous to that promise, involved a penalty the exceeding great horror of
which will not permit me to make record of it here. And the bright eyes of
Eleonora grew brighter at my words; and she sighed as if a deadly burthen had

Korean
artless: 단순한, 천진스러운, 무기교의, 신성한, 저주받은, 축복받은, 축성된, guile: 교활, 배신, 간교한 책략, 간지.
비예술적인, 꾸밈 없는, 소박한. 기쁜. passionately: 열렬히, 격노하여,
bard: 시인, 음유시인, 음유 시인, devout: 성실한, 열심인, 경건한, 격심하게.
마갑, 마갑을 입히다. 독실한 신자들, 마음에서 우러나는, pious: 경건한, 신앙심이 깊은,
befall: 일어나다, 재난이 닥치다, 믿음이 깊은. 종교적인, 효성스러운, 실현 가능성이
닥치다, 생기다. dimness: 어스레함, 어스름, 불명료, 없는, 종교심으로의, 탄복할 만한.
bind: 동이다, 덩굴, 감다, 제본, 어둑함, 희미함. recreant: 비겁한, 변절한, 불성실한,
구속하다-묶는 것, 속박하다- disguised: 속임수의, 술취한, 변장한. 신의 없는, 비겁자, 겁쟁이, 겁장이,
굳어지다, 끈, 매다, 변비를 일으키게 ephemeron: 하루살이, 명이 아주 짧은 겁많음, 겁많은, 배반자, 겁이 많은.
하다, 속박하다, 장정하다. 것, 덧없는 것. traitorous: 반역의, 배신하는,
blessed: 축복을 받은, 행복한, 복된, fervor: 열렬, 백열, 열정. 반역죄의, 배반적인.
260 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

been taken from her breast; and she trembled and very bitterly wept; but she
made acceptance of the vow, (for what was she but a child?) and it made easy to
her the bed of her death. And she said to me, not many days afterward,
tranquilly dying, that, because of what I had done for the comfort of her spirit
she would watch over me in that spirit when departed, and, if so it were
permitted her return to me visibly in the watches of the night; but, if this thing
were, indeed, beyond the power of the souls in Paradise, that she would, at least,
give me frequent indications of her presence, sighing upon me in the evening
winds, or filling the air which I breathed with perfume from the censers of the
angels. And, with these words upon her lips, she yielded up her innocent life,
putting an end to the first epoch of my own.%
Thus far I have faithfully said. But as I pass the barrier in Times path, formed
by the death of my beloved, and proceed with the second era of my existence, I
feel that a shadow gathers over my brain, and I mistrust the perfect sanity of the
record. But let me on. -- Years dragged themselves along heavily, and still I
dwelled within the Valley of the Many-Colored Grass; but a second change had
come upon all things. The star-shaped flowers shrank into the stems of the trees,
and appeared no more. The tints of the green carpet faded; and, one by one, the
ruby-red asphodels withered away; and there sprang up, in place of them, ten by
ten, dark, eye-like violets, that writhed uneasily and were ever encumbered with
dew. And Life departed from our paths; for the tall flamingo flaunted no longer
his scarlet plumage before us, but flew sadly from the vale into the hills, with all
the gay glowing birds that had arrived in his company. And the golden and
silver fish swam down through the gorge at the lower end of our domain and
bedecked the sweet river never again. And the lulling melody that had been
softer than the wind-harp of Aeolus, and more divine than all save the voice of
Eleonora, it died little by little away, in murmurs growing lower and lower, until
the stream returned, at length, utterly, into the solemnity of its original silence.
And then, lastly, the voluminous cloud uprose, and, abandoning the tops of the
mountains to the dimness of old, fell back into the regions of Hesper, and took
away all its manifold golden and gorgeous glories from the Valley of the Many-
Colored Grass.

Korean
acceptance: 어음의 인수, 수령, 수락, 만들다, 부드러운 스카프, 먼지, 어둠. 추측하다, 불신, 불신용.
수납. dying: 죽어가는, 임종, 임종의, 죽음, proceed: 나아가다, 계속하다,
barrier: 장벽, 관문, 울타리, 방해, 꺼져가는, 사망, 죽을. 발생하다, 생기다, 착수하다,
방벽, 불투과성의, 울타리로 era: 기원, 대, 연대, 시대, 기, 남녀 시작하다, 매상고, 처분하다,
둘러싸다, 장애, 장애물. 동권 헌법 수정조항. 속행하다, 수입, 소송 절차를 밟다.
carpet: 양탄자, 융단, 깔개, 풀밭, filling: 충전, 충전재, 속에 넣는 것, sadly: 슬프게, 한탄할 정도로, 치사한,
양탄자를 깔다, 꾸짖다, 온통 깔림, 쌓아 올린 흙. 천한, 진지한, 우중충충한, 지독한,
온통 뒤덮다, 꽃밭, 불러꾸짖다. innocent: 순진한, 죄없는, 호인, 절망적인, 유감스럽게도, 어두운,
cloud: 구름, 흐림, 더럽히다, 구름 결백한, 흠없는, 결백한 사람, 때묻지 애처롭게.
무늬로 아로새기다, 구름으로 덮다, 않은, 무식한, 무해의, 무해한, 바보. sanity: 건전, 온건, 정신이 건전함,
흐리다, 흐리게 하다, 애매하게 mistrust: 신용하지 않다, 의심하다, 제정신.
 Edgar Allan Poe 261

Yet the promises of Eleonora were not forgotten; for I heard the sounds of the
swinging of the censers of the angels; and streams of a holy perfume floated ever
and ever about the valley; and at lone hours, when my heart beat heavily, the
winds that bathed my brow came unto me laden with soft sighs; and indistinct
murmurs filled often the night air, and once -- oh, but once only! I was awakened
from a slumber, like the slumber of death, by the pressing of spiritual lips upon
my own.%
But the void within my heart refused, even thus, to be filled. I longed for the
love which had before filled it to overflowing. At length the valley pained me
through its memories of Eleonora, and I left it for ever for the vanities and the
turbulent triumphs of the world.

* * * * * * *

I found myself within a strange city, where all things might have served to
blot from recollection the sweet dreams I had dreamed so long in the Valley of
the Many-Colored Grass. The pomps and pageantries of a stately court, and the
mad clangor of arms, and the radiant loveliness of women, bewildered and
intoxicated my brain. But as yet my soul had proved true to its vows, and the
indications of the presence of Eleonora were still given me in the silent hours of
the night. Suddenly these manifestations they ceased, and the world grew dark
before mine eyes, and I stood aghast at the burning thoughts which possessed, at
the terrible temptations which beset me; for there came from some far, far distant
and unknown land, into the gay court of the king I served, a maiden to whose
beauty my whole recreant heart yielded at once -- at whose footstool I bowed
down without a struggle, in the most ardent, in the most abject worship of love.
What, indeed, was my passion for the young girl of the valley in comparison
with the fervor, and the delirium, and the spirit-lifting ecstasy of adoration with
which I poured out my whole soul in tears at the feet of the ethereal
Ermengarde? -- Oh, bright was the seraph Ermengarde! and in that knowledge I
Korean
abject: 비열한, 비참한, 절망적인, pained: 아파하는, 감정이 상한, 싱처 생동하는, 유행의 첨단을 가는,
천한, 치사한, 비천한. 입은, 화난. 성적으로 자유분방한, 기운찬, 앞뒤로
blot: 얼룩, 지우다, 오명, 때, 오점, pressing: 긴급한, 무리하게 조르는, 흔들림, 앞뒤로 흔들리는.
감추다, 결점-더럽히다, 잡히기 쉬운 프레스한 레코드, 화급한, 압착물, turbulent: 광포한, 거친, 소란 스러운,
말, 흠, 잉크를 배게 하다, 번지다. 억누름, 졸라대는, 압착하기, 긴급의. 소란스러운, 휘몰아치는.
ecstasy: 무아경, 황홀, 의식혼미상태, radiant: 빛나는, 즐거운 듯한, 광점, void: 무효의, 빈, 공간, 배설하다,
법열, 엑스터시, 황홀경, 그 사용자, 빛을 내는, 복사의, 찬란한, 빛을 무효로 하다, 공허, 빈곳, 비어 있는,
망아. 발하는, 방사의, 방사점, 방산 분포의, 무익한, 공허한, 취소하다.
footstool: 발받침, 발판, 발 올려 놓는 방사되는. worship: 예배, 숭배, 예배하다, 경모,
대. swinging: 경쾌한, 흔들리는, 활발한, 각하, 숭배하다, 참배, 명예, 예배식,
lone: 외로운, 쓸쓸한, 고독한. 활개젓는, 진동하는, 음률적이고 존경, 참배하다.
262 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II

had room for none other. -- Oh, divine was the angel Ermengarde! and as I
looked down into the depths of her memorial eyes, I thought only of them -- and
of her.%
I wedded; -- nor dreaded the curse I had invoked; and its bitterness was not
visited upon me. And once -- but once again in the silence of the night; there
came through my lattice the soft sighs which had forsaken me; and they
modelled themselves into familiar and sweet voice, saying:
“Sleep in peace! -- for the Spirit of Love reigneth and ruleth, and, in taking to
thy passionate heart her who is Ermengarde, thou art absolved, for reasons
which shall be made known to thee in Heaven, of thy vows unto Eleonora.”

Korean
angel: 천사, 영국의옛금화, memorial: 기념하는, 추도의 기억의, 잠잠하게 하다, 소음장치, 비밀, 망각,
재정적후원자, 천사같은 사람, 옛날의 기념의, 각서, 기억의, 기념물, 조용히.
영국 금화, 재정적 후원자. 청원서. soft: 조용한, 부드러운 물건,
familiar: 친한, 흔한, 길들여진, nor: 부정논리화, 보다도, 도 또한 부드러운, 온화한, 수월한, 조용하게,
부담없는, 뻔뻔스러운, 스스럼없는, ...않다, 없다, 도 아니다. 상쾌한, 매끈한, 연한, 부드럽게,
탁터놓은, 잘 알고있는, 잘 peace: 평화, 강화, 안심, 사이좋게, 손쉬운.
알려져있는, 잘알고있는, 조용히, 친안, 평온한, 평화로운, sweet: 단 것, 사탕, 캔디, 친절한,
잘알려져있는. 치안, 평온, 조용함. 신선한, 상냥한, 상냥하게, 향기로운,
forsaken: 버림받은, 고독한. saying: 속담, 격언, 말, 말하기. 맛있는, 귀여운, 순조롭게.
heart: 심장, 가슴, 애정, 중심, 용기, silence: 묵살, 무소식, 침묵, 침묵을 wedded: 결혼한, 결합한, 결혼의,
본심, 마음속, 마음, 원기, 핵심, 중앙. 지킴, 침묵시키는 사람, 침묵 지키다, 결합된, 에 집착하는.
 Edgar Allan Poe
GLOSSARY
aback: 깜짝 놀라다, 당하다, 돛이 acceptation: 받아들임, 신앙
거꾸로, 뒤로, 후방으로, 돛이 역풍을 accessory: 부속물, 종범의, 보조의,
받고 악세사리, 종범자, 부속의, 종범,
abasement: 실추, 굴욕 보조적인
abdomen: 배, 복부 accidental: 우연한, 우연의 우발적인
abeyance: 정지, 중절, 소유자 미정, 사물, 비본질적인, 임시 변화의,
중지 우발적인, 사고의, 우유적인
abhorrence: 혐오, 몹시 싫은, 싫은, accidentally: 우연히, 뜻밖에, 뜻하지
아주 싫은 것, 질색인 것 않게, 우윤히
abject: 비열한, 비참한, 절망적인, accommodating: 친절한,
천한, 치사한, 비천한 고분고분한, 융통성 있는,
abnormal: 변태의, 이상의, 비정상인, 융통성있는, 싹싹한, 사람좋은,
비정상의, 변칙의 붙임성 있는, 잘 돌봐주는
abortive: 실패의, 유산의, 조산의, accomplish: 숙달한, 완수하다,
발육부전의 가르치다, 달성하다, 성취하다,
abrupt: 험준한, 느닷없는, 완성한, 소양이있는, 소양이 있는,
퉁명스러운, 뜻밖의, 단열의, 툭 이루다, 에게 가르치다
잘라낸 꼴의 accomplished: 성취된, 뛰어난,
abstraction: 절취, 추출, 방심, 교양이 있는, 능란한, 세련된, 조예가
추상파의 작품, 추상, 추상적 개념, 깊은, 기정의, 완료된, 완성된
추상주의 도안, 추상주의 작품 accomplishment: 성취, 완성,
abstractly: 추상적으로 성과.서투른 제주, 수행, 실행, 소양,
abstruse: 난해, 난해한 예능, 성과, 서투른 재주
absurdity: 부조리한, 엉터리없는 일, accordance: 일치, 조화, 일치하여,
불합리, 어리석은 일 조화하여
abundance: 풍부, 부유, 윤택, 다수, according: 그러므로, 따라서,
충분한 물작 공급, 충분한 물자 공급, 나름으로, 에 따라, 에 의하여
유복 accredited: 정통의, 기준 합격의,
abyss: 심연, 혼돈, 지옥, 나락, 끝없이 일반적으로 인정된, 인정된, 용인,
깊은 구렁 공인된, 신앙이 정통의
acanthus: 아칸서스, 아칸서스 잎 accumulate: 모으다, 쌓이다, 모이다,
장식 쌓다
accede: 따르다, 동의하다, 취임하다, accumulative: 쌓인, 모인, 축적하는
참가하다, 가맹하다, 가입하다 accursed: 저주받은, 지겨운, 저주할
accelerate: 빨라지다, 빨리하다, accustomed: 익숙한, 평소의, 여느
속도를 늘리다, 빠르게 하다, 때와 다름없는, 길든, 습관의, 에
가속화시키다, 시기를 빠르게 하다, 익숙한
촉진시키다, 촉진하다, 속력을 achilles: 아킬레스
빠르게 하다 acknowledgment: 감사, 사례,
accelerated: 가속된, 속도가 붙은, 수취증명, 승인, 용인, 인사, 감사의
속력이 붙은 표시
accents: 신문 acquaintance: 지식, 알고 있음, 면식,
accentuation: 음의 억양법, 강조, 아는 사람, 잘아는 사람, 익히 알고
역설, 두드러지게 하기, 악센트를 있음, 안면, 숙지, 아는 사인
붙이는 법 acquainted: 사귀게 된, 안면이 있는,
263
정통한, 친한
acquiescence: 묵낙, 동의, 묵종
acquirements: 습득한 것, 습득한
기능, 습득한 학식, 기예
acre: 에이커, 토지, 경작지, 밭, 대량
acrid: 매운, 신랄한, 쓴, 짓궂은, 톡
쏘는 스미는, 가흑한, 에이커되는,
토지의
acumen: 혜안, 명민, 예리함
acuteness: 날카로움, 명민함, 격심함
adamant: 대단히 단단한, 의지가
견고한, 견고 무비한, 단호한, 지지
않고
adaptation: 적응, 개작, 각색
addicted: 사용하여, 탐닉하여, 빠져,
열중하여, 중독 되어
adept: 숙달한, 숙련자, 정통한,
열렬한 지지자, 명수
adhesion: 집착, 유작, 점작, 점착,
유착, 부착, 고수
adieu: 이별, 안녕, 작별 인사
adjoining: 인접하는, 부근의, 인접한,
이웃의
admeasurement: 배분, 측정, 계량,
할당
administer: 타격을 주다, 치료를
하다, 처리하다, 시행하다, 관리하다
admirable: 훌륭한, 좋다, 칭찬할
만한
admirably: 훌륭히
admire: 감탄하다, 칭찬하다,
기뻐하다, 좋아하다, 찬미하다,
황홀하게 바라보다, 탄복하며
바라보다, 찬탄하다, 탄복하다
admixture: 혼합, 혼합물
admonition: 훈계, 타이름, 충고,
경고, 훈방, 설유
ado: 소동, 법석, 야단 법석
adoration: 동경, 숭배, 애모, 경모,
숭비
advantageous: 유리한, 형편이 좋은
advent: 출현, 예수의 강림, 도래,
그리스도의 강림, 그리스도의 강생
adventitious: 이례의 장소에서
발생하는, 우발의, 우연의, 우발적인
 264
advert: 주의를 돌리다, 언급하다,
광고, 언급 하다
advisable: 현명한, 권할 만한,
적당한, 분별있는, 분별 있는, 타당한
aeolus: 바람의신, 바람의 신
aerial: 공중의, 항공의, 공상적인,
공중에 치솟은, 희박한, 기체의,
공중에 생기는-아테나곡예사,
공중에 생기는-안테나곡예사,
공중에서 사는, 공중선, 공기의
afar: 멀리, 원방에서, 원방에
affectation: 체함, 짐짓 꾸밈, 태
affinity: 친척, 기호, 유사, 근연,
친근성, 취미, 밀접한 관계, 맞는
성질, 애호, 유연, 인척
afflict: 괴롭히다
afflicted: 괴로워하는, 고민하는
affright: 공포, 놀람, 놀래다,
무서워하게 하다, 놀라게 하다,
두려워하게 하다
afloat: 떠서, 해상에, 퍼져, 유통되어,
범람하여, 떠돌아, 수면과 거의 같은
높이로, 행상에, 퍼져서, 침수하여,
유통하여
afterward: 나중에, 그 후, 뒤에
aghast: 어안이 벙벙하여, 질겁하여,
두려워 떨며, 깜짝 놀라
agile: 민활한, 재빠른, 머리 회전이
빠른, 기민한
agitated: 흥분한, 동요한
agitation: 선동, 동요, 흥분, 동란,
논의, 뒤흔들기
agonizing: 고민하는, 고민을 주는,
괴롭히는, 괴로워하는
agreeable: 기분 좋은, 유쾌한,
적당한, 어울리는, 쾌이 흥하는,
사근사근한, 마음에 드는, 맞는,
상냥한, 기꺼이 동의하는
ague: 오한, 학질
ailment: 병, 불쾌, 우환, 가벼운 질병
akin: 혈족의, 같은, 동족의, 비슷한,
유사해
alabaster: 설화석고, 설화 석고
alarmed: 불안해 하는, 겁 먹은, 깜짝
놀란
alarming: 놀랄 정도의, 경각심, 경종,
놀라운
alas: 아아, 슬픈지고
algebra: 대수학, 대수, 대수 논문,
대수 교과서
allah: 알라
alleviate: 경감하다, 완화하다, 덜다
alleviation: 경감, 완화
alley: 좁은 길, 뒷골목, 샛길, 뒷길,
튀김돌, 골목, 동맹국, 경기장, 공기,
오솔길, 공기돌
alloy: 합금, 섞음질, 비급속,
섞음질하다, 품질을 떨어뜨리다,
합금하다, 품위, 품위-합금하다,
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
덜다, 합금에 쓰는 비금속, 합금이
되다
allude: 넌지시 비추다, 에 관해
말하다, 논급하다, 언급하다,
암시하다
allusion: 암시, 변죽 울림, 약간의
언급, 인유
almighty: 대단한, 전능한, 대단히,
신, 전능자
aloft: 높이, 돛대 꼭대기에, 위로,
위쪽에, 위에
alteration: 변경, 개조, 변경된 곳,
변화
altercation: 언쟁, 격론, 논쟁
alternate: 호생의, 교류하다, 교체,
대리교체원, 번갈아서, 번갈아서의,
교류의, 부의, 하나씩 거른,
교대시키다, 교대의
alternately: 번갈아, 교대로, 하나
걸러
amazed: 놀란
amazement: 놀람, 소스라침
amazingly: 놀랄이만큼, 기막힐
정도로
amber: 호박, 호박색의, 호박으로
만든, 호박빛, 호박색, 호박의
amiability: 사랑스러움, 온후, 온화,
상냥함, 애교, 친절
amity: 침목, 친화, 친목
ammonia: 암모니아, 암모니아수
amphitheatre: 계단강의실, 계단식
관람석, 원형연기장, 원형 경기장,
원형 극장, 계단 교실
amplification: 확대, 증폭, 부연,
확충, 확장, 배율, 부연된 글
amply: 충분히, 널히, 널리
amuse: 위안하다, 즐겁게,
즐겁게하다, 재미있게하다, 쁘게
하다, 분 전환을 하다, 즐겁게 하다
amused: 즐기는, 명랑한, 즐거워
하는, 즐거워하는
analogically: 유추하여
analogous: 유사한, 상사의
analyze: 분석하다, 분해하다,
해석하다, 검토하다, 분석적으로
검토하다, 정신분석하다, 해부하다
ancestor: 조상, 선주, 원형, 선조,
피상속인
anchor: 닻, 정착시키다, 힘이 되는 것
닻을 내려 멈추다, 힘이되는 것최종
주자, 닻의, 의지할 힘이 되는 것,
야구 팀에서 제일가는 강타자, 맨 끝
사람, 닻을 내리다, 닻으로
고정시키다, 주저앉다
anchorage: 투묘, 정박, 닻을 내림,
은자의 주거, 정박료, 은둔처,
은둔장소, 정박세, 정박소, 투묘지,
정신적 의지
anecdote: 일화, 기담, 비사
aneurism: 동맥류
anew: 재차, 다시, 새로이, 다시 한번
angelic: 천사의, 천사같은,
완전무결한
anguish: 격통, 고뇌
anima: 생명, 영혼, 재적개성,
남성의여성적요소
animate: 격려하다, 살리다,
활기띠게하다, 생명을주다, 활기띠게
하다, 생기 있게 하다, 을 움직이다,
에 움직임을 주다, 에 생명을
불어넣다, 생물인, 생기 있는
animated: 싱싱한, 기운찬, 살아있는,
생기가 있는
animation: 생기, 활발, 원기,
만화영화제작, 동화
animosity: 격심한 증오, 악의, 유한,
적의, 원한
annihilate: 전멸시키다, 완패시키다,
절멸시키다, 무효로 하다,
근절시키다, 억누르다
annihilation: 전멸, 붕괴, 소멸,
영혼소멸, 무효
annoy: 괴롭히다, 성나게하다,
속태우다, 당황케하다, 해치다,
성가시게 굴다
annoyance: 성가심, 두통거리,
약오름, 성가신 일, 성가신 사람,
성가시게 굴기, 괴로움
annoyed: 괴로운
anomalous: 변칙의, 이례의,
예외적인, 파격의, 변태적인
anomaly: 변칙, 불규칙, 이상한 것,
근점 거리
anon: 이내, 다시, 얼마안있어,
언젠가, 곧
antagonist: 적대자, 대립자, 반대의,
길항근, 적대하는
antagonistical: 대립하는, 반대의,
상반하는, 적대의
antediluvian: 시대에뒤진, 노인,
노아의홍수이전의, 대홍수 이전의
사람, 태고의, 아주 늙은 사람,
대홍수 이전의, 대홍수 이전의
동식물
anticipate: 예기하다, 앞지르다,
이르게 하다, 선수 쓰다, 예견하다,
예상하다, 을 기대하다, 을 내다보고
근심하다, 믿고 미리 쓰다, 재촉하다,
앞질러 하다
anticipation: 예기, 예상, 예방, 미리
씀 앞지름, 추측, 선행음, 선손 쓰기,
미리 씀, 앞지름
antimony: 안티몬, 안티모니
antique: 고풍의, 고물, 고기, 낡은,
안티크체의 활자, 골동품의, 고대의,
고대로부터의-고물, 고대로부터의,
고대 미술, 구식의
antiquity: 낡음, 고대사람들, 고대,
 Edgar Allan Poe
고대의풍습, 오래됨, 옛날 사람, armory: 문장학, 병기고, 병기공장,
태고, 유물 병기류, 주병 부대 본부, 무구, 문장
anxiously: 걱정스럽게, 근심하여, aromatic: 묘미있는, 향기로운
걱정하여 arouse: 자극하다, 깨우다, 격려하다,
aorta: 대동맥 일으키다, 분발시키다, 각성하다
apathetic: 무감동한, 냉담한, arrant: 전적인, 악명녹은, 극악한,
무감각한 대단한
apathy: 무감동, 무관심, 낸담, 냉담 arrogance: 건만, 건방, 거만
aperture: 구멍, 뻐끔히 벌어진데, artillery: 포술, 포병, 포학, 대포, 포,
렌즈의 구경, 틈새, 틈 포병과의, 포의, 포술의, 포병과
apex: 꼭대기, 정점, 절정, 선단 artistical: 예술적인, 미술의, 예술의,
aphrodite: 사랑과 미의여신, 예술가의
사랑과미의여신, 아프로디테 artless: 단순한, 천진스러운,
apocryphal: 출처가 의심스러운, 무기교의, 비예술적인, 꾸밈 없는,
경외전의, 외경의 소박한
apollo: 아폴로, 태양, 아폴로우주선, ascendancy: 우세, 욱일승천의 세력,
미남, 아폴로 우주선, 굉장한 미남자 우월, 패권, 주도권, 지배권
apology: 사과, 명색뿐인 것, 변명, ascent: 오르막, 오름, 상승, 등산,
사죄, 해명 사승, 오르막길, 올라감
apotheosis: 신으로 모심, 숭배, 찬미, ascertain: 확인하다, 알아내다, 을
이상 확인하다, 확실히 하다, 명백히 하다
apparel: 의복, 차리다, 꾸미다, 의상, aslant: 기울어져, 비스듬히
제복의장식수-입히다, 입히다, asphodel: 아스포델, 낙원에 핀다는
기성복, 제복, 장식 지지 않는 꽃
apparition: 환영, 유령, 요괴, 출현물 aspiring: 큰뜻이 있는, 갈망하는,
appellation: 명칭, 명명, 호칭 열망하는, 상승하는, 대망을 품고
applause: 찬성, 박수갈채, 칭찬, 박수 있는
갈채 assassination: 암살
applicability: 적응성, 적절, 적당 assemblage: 조립, 모임, 집합, 집회,
appreciable: 다소의, 느낄 수 있을 회음, 아상블라주, 회중
정도의, 평가할 수 있는, 감지할 수 assent: 동의하다, 승낙하다, 동의,
있을 정도의 인정하다, 찬성하다
apprehend: 우려하다, 체포하다, assert: 주장하다, 단언하다,
이해다다, 붙잡다, 염려하다, 옹호하다, 자기 설을 주장하다,
이해하다, 깨닫다, 감지하다- 역설하다, 자기 권리를 주장하다, 을
이해하다, 감지하다 단언하다
apprehension: 이해력, 우려, 체포, asseveration: 단언, 서언
두려움, 파악, 이해, 걱정 assign: 지정하다, 할당하다,
arabesque: 당초무늬, 이상한, 양도하다, 명하다, 돌리다, 맡기다,
정교한, 당초무늬의, 아라베스크- 배당하다, 에 돌리다, 양수인,
당초무늬의, 아라비아풍의 배속하다, 선임하다
arabian: 아라비아의, 아라비아 assignation: 지정, 재산의 양도, 할당,
사람의, 아라비아 말, 아라비아 사람 밀회의약속, 양도, 만날 약속
arabic: 아라비아의, 아라비아사람의- assuredly: 대담히, 확실하게,
아라비아어, 아라비아사람의, 자신있게, 확실히, 자신을 가지고,
아라비아말, 아라비아어, 아라비아 확신을 가지고
사람의, 아라비아 말 astern: 고물에, 뒤에
arch: 아치, 홍예를 틀다, 홍예, 호, asthma: 천식
아치문, 익살스런, 활모양으로 astonish: 놀라게하다, 깜짝 놀라게
굽히다, 주된, 장난스런, 궁형- 하다, 놀라게 하다, 몹시 놀라게 하다
활모양으로 굽히다, 교활한 astonished: 놀란
architectural: 건축의, 건출술의, astonishment: 놀라움, 경악, 놀랄
건출술학의 만한 물건, 놀랄 만한 일, 놀람
archway: 아치길, 아치 밑의 통로 astound: 놀라게하다, 몹시 놀라게
ardent: 불같은, 뜨거운, 타는 듯한, 하다, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 놀라게 하다
열심인, 열렬한, 빛나는, 불타는 astounded: 몹시 놀라
ardor: 열심, 열정, 열의 astounding: 몹시 놀라게 하는, 아주
aright: 바르게, 정확히 대단한, 어안이 벙벙하게 하는, 깜짝
armorial: 문장의, 문장서 놀라게 할
265
astral: 별의, 별로부터의, 별이 많은
astronomical: 천문학적인,
천문학상의, 거대한, 기록적인,
천문의
astute: 기민한, 날카로운, 교활한,
빈틈없는, 눈치 빠른
astuteness: 기민함, 빈틈없음
asunder: 파라광이의 수도, 따로따로,
따로따로 떨어져, 떨어져서,
조각조각, 조각조각으로, 떨어져
athwart: 에거슬러, 을 가로질러,
어긋나게
atom: 원자, 미량, 미진, 미소 부자
atrocity: 극악, 지독함, 흉악, 포악,
잔인, 잔악행위, 만행, 잔학한 행위
attach: 붙이다, 구속하다, 부착하다,
소속시키다, 압류하다,
애정으로맺다, 달다, 을 애정으로
묶다, 덧붙이다, 귀착시키다,
일시적으로 타부대에 배속시키다
attachment: 부착, 애착, 붙임,
부착물, 압류
attain: 달성하다, 도달하다, 이루다,
이르다, 결혼하다, 붙어있다,
첨부하다
attainable: 달성할수있는, 달성할 수
있는, 이를 수 있는
attainments: 학식
attendant: 시중드는, 수행의, 수행원,
수반물, 부수의, 출석자, 곁에 따르는
사람, 출석의, 출석의-곁에 따르는
사람, 따라다니는, 시중드는 사람
attentive: 친절한, 경청하는, 정중한,
주의깊은, 주의 깊은
attentively: 세심하게, 주의깊게
attorney: 변호사, 대리인, 법률가,
사무변호사
attribute: 불어다니는 것, 속성, 에
돌리다, 특질, 표지, 한정사,
탓으로돌리다-속성, 부속물, 탓으로
돌리다
audacity: 대담, 뻔뻔스러움, 대담한
짓, 뻔뻔스러운 짓
audible: 들리는, 들을 수 있는
audibly: 들리도록, 들을 수 있도록,
들을 수 있게, 들릴 만큼
auditory: 귀의, 청각의
aught: 아마, 아무래도 상관 없다,
어떤 일, 어떤 것, 무엇이든
augmented: 증가된, 는, 증음된
austerity: 내핍 생활, 엄숙, 간결,
엄격, 내핍적인
austrian: 오스트리아의,
오스트리아사의사람, 오스트리아
사람, 오스트리아 사람의
authorship: 저작자임, 원작자,
저술업, 출처, 근원, 저자
avalanche: 쇄도하다, 눈사태, 쇄도,
눈이나산 사태나다, 사태, 눈이나
 266
산사태나다
avarice: 탐욕
avatar: 화신, 권화, 구현
avenger: 복수자, 보복자, 원수를
갑는 사람
aversion: 혐오, 반감, 싫은 것, 싫은
사람
avidity: 갈망, 탐욕, 욕망
avoidance: 무효, 회피, 도피, 기피,
결원, 결석, 취소
await: 기다리다, 에 준비되어 있다
awaken: 자각시키다, 깨닫다, 불러
일으키다, 깨우다, 자각하다, 깨다
awakening: 각성, 눈뜨게한는, 눈뜸,
깨우치는, 깨우치는-눈뜸
awe: 외경하다, 경외, 두려움
awed: 경외심을 나타낸
awhile: 잠시, 잠깐
awkwardly: 어색하게, 꼴사납게,
서투르게, 이상하게
awoke: 깨우다의 과거분사
axe: 도끼 도끼로 찍다, 도끼, 참수,
도끼로 자르다, 대폭 삭감하다, 재즈
악기
axiom: 공리, 자명한이치, 격언,
자명한 이치
azote: 질소
azure: 하늘빛, 푸른하늘, 하늘빛의,
창공의, 푸른 하늘
backward: 거꾸로의, 싫어하는,
뒤로의, 개약의, 뒤로, 개악의,
거꾸로, 발전이 늦은, 후방의,
후방으로, 퇴보하여
baffled: 실패하는
bagdad: 바가텔, 사소한 일, 하찮은
것, 소곡, 이락의 수도
balancing: 침착한, 침착하기
ballad: 민요, 전설 가요
balm: 향유, 진통제, 서양박하,
바향수지, 밤제, 멜리사
baltimore: 볼티모어,
볼티모어찌르레기 사촌
balustrade: 난간
bandage: 붕대, 붕대를 감다, 안대, 쇠
띠, 쇠 테
banker: 은행가, 물주, 시궁창 파는
인부, 작업대
banter: 놀림, 놀리다, 조롱하다, 악의
없는 농담, 희롱하다, 희롱, 농담을
하다, 농담, 농담하다
baptismal: 세례의
barbaric: 야만인의, 잔인한, 미개한,
거친, 세련되지 않은, 무모한,
야만적인, 지나치게 야한, 야만인
같은, 야만의, 조야한
bard: 시인, 음유시인, 음유 시인,
마갑, 마갑을 입히다
bark: 짖다, 기나피, 기침 소리,
기침을 하다, 포성, 총성, 나무
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
껍질로 덮다, 나무껍질, 소리지르다,
배, 피부-껍질을 벗기다
barred: 모래톱이 있는, 빗장이 있는,
줄 있는, 줄무늬가 있는, 가두어
버린, 빗장이 달린, 줄이 있는
barren: 임신 못하는, 불모의, 메마른,
열매를 맺지 않는, 농작물이
나지않는, 재미없는, 무익한, 내용이
보잘것 없는, 새끼를 못 낳는,
효과없는, 황야
bartholomew: 바돌로매
batten: 작은 절빤지, 살찌게하다,
많이 먹다, 마루청을 깔다, 먹이다,
좁은 널, 좁은 널을 붙이다, 잔뜩
먹다, 바디
bauble: 지팡이, 값싸고 번지르르한
물건, 값싼 물건
beads: 염주
beak: 부리, 코, 치안판사, 주둥이,
격돌 함수, 귀때, 교사, 누조, 부리가
있는, 치안 판사, 부리 같이 생긴
물건
beam-ends: 진퇴양난이 되어, 가로
들보의 끝
beaming: 빛나는, 기쁨에 넘친,
명랑한, 밝은, 희색이 만면한, 밝은
표정의, 화기가 도는
bearings: 방위, 문장
beast: 짐승, 가축, 짐승 같은 놈, 식용
소, 동물, 짐승 같은 사람, 축생,
네발짐승
bedding: 침구, 토대, 성층, 깃, 기반,
화단용의, 깔짚, 깔깃
bedside: 머리맡, 침대곁, 침대곁의,
배겟머리의, 배겟머리, 침대결,
환자의 머리맡, 침대
beetling: 불거진, 튀어나온
befall: 일어나다, 재난이 닥치다,
닥치다, 생기다
befitting: 알맞은, 어울리는,
상응하는, 적당한, 적합한
beg: 빌다, 구걸하다, 빌어먹다,
앞발을들고서다, 발을들고서다,
시주해 줄 것을 청하다, 애걸하다,
앞발을 들고 서서 재롱부리다,
부탁하다, 간청하다, 용서를 청하다
beggar: 거지, 악한-거지로 만들다,
가난뱅이, 가난하게 하다, 무력하게
하다, 놈, 기부금을 모으는 사람,
빈약하게 하다, 가난들게 하다
begirt: 둘러싸인
behavior: 행실, 행동, 상태, 태도,
행동주의, 관습, 가동, 관행
behemoth: 큰짐승, 거인, 거대한
짐승, 강력한 것
behold: 보다
beholder: 보는 사람, 구경꾼
belle: 미인, 예쁜소녀, 가장 아름다운
소녀, 가장 아름다운 여성, 여자 이름
beloved: 가장 사랑하는, 애인, 남편,
소중한-가장 사랑하는 사람, 아내,
가장 사랑하는 사람, 귀여운,
애용하는, 여보, 사랑받아,
사랑스러운
bends: 잠함병, 케이슨병
benign: 온화한, 친절한, 인정많은,
양서의, 상냥한, 유순한, 인자한
bequest: 유물, 유증, 유산
beset: 공격하다, 꾸미다, 괴롭히다,
둘러싸다, 방해하다, 범하기 쉬운,
빠지기 쉬운, 습격하다, 포위하다,
장식하다, 에 박아 넣다
besotted: 정신못가누게된, 취해버린,
혹해 빠진, 곤드레만드레로 취한
bestow: 수여하다, 숙박시키다, 쓰다,
간직하여 두다, 주다, 두다,
증여하다, 저장하다, 묵게 하다,
부여하다
bewilder: 당황케하다, 어리둥절케
하다, 당황하게 하다
bewildering: 어리둥절케
bewilderment: 당황
bibliotheca: 문고, 장서, 서점의
카탈로그
bidding: 초대, 입찰, 명령, 공고,
선언, 비드하기
bignonia: 나무의 무리, 능소화,
능소화 나무의 무리
billow: 놀치다, 큰파도,
소용돌이치는 것, 크게 굽이치다,
부풀게 하다, 큰 물결, 부풀다
bin: 큰상자, 저장하다, 정신병원,
포도주 저장소, 큰 상자
bind: 동이다, 덩굴, 감다, 제본,
구속하다-묶는 것, 속박하다-
굳어지다, 끈, 매다, 변비를 일으키게
하다, 속박하다, 장정하다
binder: 묶는사람, 끈, 제본, 묶는것,
동이는 사람, 땜질 약, 묶는 것, 묶는
사람, 가계약, 벽돌, 접합재
birch: 자작나무 회초리, 자작나무,
때리다, 자작나무 재목
bismuth: 창연
bitterness: 씀, 비참함, 격심함, 고통,
신랄, 불황
bivouac: 야영하다, 야영, 야영지
blacker: 검게 하는 사람, 비방하는
사람
blackness: 흑점, 검정, 흑색, 검음
blasphemous: 모독적인, 불경스러운,
독선적인, 불경한
blazing: 심한, 타는, 강렬한, 타는
듯한, 듯한, 타오르는, 뻔한
bled: 물집의, 거품의
bleeding: 출혈, 방혈, 엄청난,
출혈하는, 피나는 느낌의
blemish: 흠, 손상하다, 결점,
완전함을 손상하다, 아름다움을
 Edgar Allan Poe
손상하다 bosom: 가슴, 껴안다, 내부, 마음속에
blended: 혼합된, 블렌드된, 혼방의 간직하다, 믿고 있는, 품, 흉부,
blessed: 축복을 받은, 행복한, 복된, 흉부슴속, 가슴속, 속, 표면
신성한, 저주받은, 축복받은, 축성된, boudoir: 부인의침실, 여성의 내실
기쁜 bounden: 책임있는, 은혜를입고
blessing: 고마운 것, 은총, 축복, bowed: 굽은, 머리를 숙인, 활을
행복, 가호, 식전의 기도, 복, 찬성, 가진, 활 모양의, 활 모양을 한
축복의 말 bowels: 동정심이 깃드는 곳, 인정이
blindly: 맹목적으로, 무턱대고 깃드는 곳
blindness: 맹목, 눈이 멀음, 무분별 bower: 절하는 사람, 최고의 패, 주묘,
bliss: 지복, 더없는행복, 다시 없는 정자, 굴복자, 나무그늘, 나무그늘의,
기쁨 내실, 이물닻, 현악기 연주자, 나무
blissful: 행복한, 더없이 행복한 그늘
bloom: 번영하다, 개화기, 꽃, 쇳덩이, bowstring: 교수용 밧줄, 시위
건강한-피다, 과분, 개화, 앵두빛, boyhood: 소년기, 소년사회, 소년들
특정 시즌의 꽃, 특정 식물의 꽃, boyish: 소년의, 소년 같은, 여자
특정 장소의 꽃 아이가 같은
bloomed: 코팅된 brandish: 휘두르다
blooming: 지독한, 활짝핀, 한차인, bravado: 허세, 허장성세
어처구니없는, 번영하는, 활짝 꽃핀, brazen: 뻔뻔스러운, 놋쇠처럼
꽃 같은, 지독하게 단단한, 시끄러운, 뻔뻔스럽게하다,
blossomy: 꽃이 한창인, 꽃으로 놋쇠빛의, 놋쇠로만든, 놋쇠로 만든,
두덮인 단단한
blot: 얼룩, 지우다, 오명, 때, 오점, brazier: 놋갓장이, 화로, 금속제의
감추다, 결점-더럽히다, 잡히기 쉬운 석탄용화로, 불고기 굽는 기구
말, 흠, 잉크를 배게 하다, 번지다 breadth: 폭, 넓은도량, 나비, 넓이,
blush: 붉히다, 부끄러워하다, 얼굴을 넓음, 외연, 전체 효과, 퍼짐, 폭으로
붉히다, 얼굴을 붉힘, 얼굴을붉히다, 재는 물건, 관용, 너비
빨개지다, 얼굴이 빨개지다, breathless: 죽은, 숨가쁜, 숨을 죽인,
발그레해지다, 발그레함, 언뜻 봄 바람 없는, 바람 한 점 없는, 숨도 못
blushing: 얼굴이 빨개진, 조심성 쉴 정도의
있는, 얼굴을 붉힘, 부끄럼을 잘 breathlessly: 숨가쁘게
타는, 부끄러워함 bremen: 브레멘
boasting: 자랑하는, 자랑, 거만 brethren: 동포, 회원, 동인, 형제,
bobolink: 쌀새류, 쌀먹이새 같은 신도들
bodiless: 무형의, 실체가 없는, brickwork: 벽돌로 지은 집,
몸통이없는, 동체가 없는, 몸이 없는 벽돌로지은것, 벽돌쌓기
boiling: 비등, 비등하는, 끓음, brig: 두대박이범선, 브리지,
사나운, 끓어 오르는, 일회분의 삶을 쌍돛대의 범선, 영창
거리, 푹푹 찌는 듯한, 격렬한 brightly: 환하게, 밝게
boisterous: 사납게몰아치는, 난폭한, brilliancy: 광휘, 명민, 훌륭함, 명도,
야단법석의, 소란스러운, 사나운, 광택, 재기 발랄
몹시 거친, 거친 brilliantly: 훌륭히, 찬연히,
boldly: 대담하게, 뻔뻔스럽게, 번쩍번쩍, 찬한히, 빈들빈들하게,
뚜렷이 재기가 넘쳐
bolt: 볼트, 전광, 빗장, 굵은 화살, brim: 가장자리, 양테, 가득채우다,
체질하다, 빗장으로 걸다, 번개불, 넘치다, 그릇의 가장자리, 가득 붓다
음미하다, 뛰어나가다, 도주- brink: 가장자리, 찰나, 위기, 물가,
뛰어나가다, 죔못 고비, 정상
bon: 안녕하십니까 brook: 참다, 시내, 견디다, 실개천
bonhomie: 혼용, 붙임성, 온후, 쾌활 brotherhood: 조합, 협회, 결사, 동료,
bookseller: 책장수, 서가, 책선반, 형제관계, 친선 단체, 철도 종업원
서적상 조합, 성직자단, 형제간, 철도
boon: 부탁, 은혜, 유쾌한, 명랑한, 노동조합, 수사단
기분이 좋은, 재미있는, 혜택 brow: 이마, 눈썹, 벼랑 꼭대기, 벼랑,
bordering: 경계선 설치, 테 두르기, 얼굴
접한, 단대기 brunswick: 브라운 슈바이크
bosky: 숲이 우거진, 나무 그늘이 brute: 짐승, 싫은 놈, 야수적인,
있는, 숲의 감각이 없는, 잔인한
267
buffaloes: 물소
bugaboo: 도깨비, 무서운것
bulky: 거대한, 부피가 큰,
다루기힘든, 부피가큰, 다루기 힘든
bumper: 범퍼, 가득 채운 잔, 완충기,
초만원의, 풍작의, 부딪는, 풍작,
삼판 승부에서 먼저 얻은 이승,
대성공
bumpkin: 시골뜨기, 범프킨
buoyant: 오름세의, 경쾌한,
부력이있는, 부양성이 있는, 부력이
있는, 탄력이 있는, 시세가 기미의,
오를 기미의
burr: 후음, 그릉그릉하다,
깔쭉깔쭉하게깎다, 리머, 윙윙하는
소리, 부르릉하는 소리, 깔쭉깔쭉한
부분, 규석
buttercup: 미나리아재비
butterfly: 나비, 멋쟁이, 바람둥이,
버터플라이, 불안한 마음
buzz: 윙윙거리다, 기계의 소리,
벌레의날개소리, 속삭임, 웅성거림,
확자지껄하다, 의 위를 닿을듯 말듯
낮게 날다, 와글와글, 에게 버저로
알리다, 술병을 다 따라 마시다,
분주하게 돌아다니다
buzzing: 윙윙거리는
bygone: 과거의, 과거의 일, 과거
cabinets: 캐비닛
cadaverous: 창백한, 새파랗게 질린,
시체같은, 송장같은, 시체 같은, 시체
cadence: 운율, 억양, 보조, 소리,
악장의 종지법, 종지법, 분가의 가계
calamity: 재난, 참화, 불행, 비참
calculus: 계산법, 미적분학, 결석
calcutta: 캘커타, 인도 동북부 항구
도시
caliph: 칼리프
calmly: 고요히, 냉정하게, 태연하게,
태연히, 냉정히, 온화하게, 조용하게
calmness: 평온, 냉정, 참착, 침착
caloric: 열, 열의, 열소, 칼로리의
camel: 낙타색, 부함, 낙타색의, 낙타,
담황갈색의, 낙다
campanile: 종탑, 종루
candelabrum: 가지가 달린 촛대,
가지촛대
candle: 양초, 촉광, 빛을 내는 것,
촛불에 비추어 살피다, 등불에
비쳐서 조사하다, 재산을 낭비하다,
양초 모양의 것, 별, 등불
cane: 지팡이, 회초리, 줄기,
매질하다, 등나무로 만들다, 등나무
무리, 가볍고 가는 지팡이, 대,
유리막대, 매로 치다, 등
canning: 통조림제조, 통조림 제조업,
통조림 제조
canoe: 카누, 카누를 젓다, 카누로
가다, 마상이, 카누를 젖다, 통나무
 268
배 catechism: 교리문답서, 문답식
canopy: 닫집, 하늘, 천개로 덮다,
천개, 천개처럼 덮는 것, 천개 모양의
차양, 차양, 원개, 도대체, 닫집처럼
가리다
cant: 기울이다, 경사, 은어, 변말,
경사면, 뒤집다, 모서리를 자른,
방향을 바꾸다, 서로 통하는 말,
캔트, 점잔빼는 말투를 쓰다
canvass: 토론하다, 권유하다, 상세히
조사하다, 선거 운동을 하다,
검토하다, 권유, 간청하다, 조사,
점검하다, 주문받으러 다니다-선거
운동, 주문 받으러 다니다
capacious: 널찍한, 용량이 큰,
큼지막한, 포용력이 있는, 넓은
carcass: 짐승의 시체, 형해, 시체,
뼈대
careless: 경솔한, 부주의한, 무관심한,
괘념치 않는, 되는대로의, 마음 편한,
마음편한, 무심한, 정신차리지 않는,
조심성없는, 태평스러운
carelessly: 부주의하게, 태평하게,
무심코, 경솔하게, 속 편하게
caressing: 애무하는, 달래는 듯한,
귀여워하는
carnival: 사육제, 축제, 왁자거리며
놀기, 유원지, 광란, 법석, 순회흥행,
스포츠경기, 시합, 흥청거림
carousal: 큰 술잔치, 흥청거림,
카로틴
carthaginian: 카르타고의,
카르타고의 사람
cartilaginous: 연골성의, 연골질의,
골격이 연골로 된, 연골의
cascade: 직렬, 작은 폭포, 종속,
폭포처럼 떨어뜨리다, 폭포가 되어
떨어지다, 폭포 모양의 레이스 장식,
현애 가꾸기, 인공폭포, 분기폭포,
갈라진 폭포, 직렬로 하다
casement: 여닫이창, 틀, 덮개, 여닫이
창의 창틀, 여닫이 창, 창문, 싸개
cask: 통, 통에 넣다, 한통의 분량,
물통, 한통
castellated: 성모양으로 구축된, 성이
많은, 성 모양으로 구축된
casting: 주조, 배역, 낚싯줄의 드리움,
주물, 던짐, 똥, 뱀 허물, 버림,
낚싯줄의 드리움 방법의, 낚싯줄의
드리움의, 던지기
casually: 우연히, 무의식적으로,
임시로, 약식으로, 아무 생각 없이,
문득, 무심코, 가끔, 불쑥
catalepsy: 경직증, 강직증
cataleptic: 강직증의, 강직증의
강직증의 환자
catalpa: 개오동 나무, 개오동나무
cataract: 백내장, 큰폭포, 호우, 분류,
수력 절등기, 큰 폭포
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
교수법, 잇달은 질문, 교리문답,
문답식 교과서, 성공회 문답, 공교
요리, 교리 문답, 교리 문답서
causality: 인과관계, 원인작용, 인과
관계, 인과율, 작인
causeless: 이유 없는, 우발적인, 원인
없는, 원인없는
causeway: 인도, 에 둑길을 만들다,
둑길, 두렁길, 자갈 등을 깔다
cautiously: 주의깊게, 조심하여,
조심성 있게
cavern: 동굴, 동굴에 넣다, 공동,
땅굴, 에 굴을 파다, 큰 동굴
cavernous: 동굴이 많은, 동굴 같은,
깊은, 움푹 들어간, 움푹한, 동굴에서
나오는 듯한
cavity: 공동, 어웅하게 뚫림, 체강,
움푹한 곳, 구멍, 강, 충치, 굴
ceasing: 중단, 중지
celebrity: 명성, 명사
cellar: 지하실, 석탄 저장소, 포도주
저장, 최하위, 포도주 저장실, 저장
포도주, 움, 지하실에 저장하다,
지하실에 저정하다, 땅광
cemetery: 공동묘지, 묘지, 매장지
censer: 향로, 향료, 흔들 향로
cent: 센트, 백, 동전 한닢, 푼돈, 동전
한 닢의 값어치, 동전 한 닢
cessation: 중지, 정지, 중단, 휴지
chagrin: 분함, 분하게 하다, 억울함,
억울하게 하다, 유감, 원통함
chanticleer: 수탉
characteristically: 특질상,
개성적으로, 특징으로서
characterize: 특성을 나타내다,
특성을 부여하다, 성격을 묘사하다,
을 특징 지우다, 의 특색이 되다,
특징을 나타내다, 성격을 부여하다
chartreuse: 카르투지오회 수도원,
연두빛, 연두빛의, 카르투지오회의
수도원, 그 수도원에서 만드는
최고급의 리큐어 술, 그 수도원에서
만드는 최고급의 리큐어술
chasm: 단절, 빈 틈, 차이, 공백, 균열,
금, 깊게 갈라진 틈, 깊게 갈라진 폭,
결함, 깊은 구렁, 넓은 틈
chastity: 순결, 간소, 청순, 성적금욕,
정숙
chatter: 재잘거리다, 졸졸 흐르다,
끽끽 우는 소리, 재잘거림,
끽끽거리다, 달각달각 소리내다,
딱딱 맞부딪치다, 딱딱소리, 수다,
수다쟁이, 잘 지저귀는새
cheat: 속이다, 협잡, 교묘하게
피하다, 교활한 녀석, 사기, 협잡을
하다, 이럭저럭 넘기다, 바람피우다,
부정 행위, 사기 카드놀이, 협잡꾼
cheer: 환호, 기분, 갈채, 갈채하다,
격려, 격려하다, 기운이 나다,
음식물, 기운을 북돋우다, 환성을
지르다, 음식
cheerfulness: 쾌활하는 것
cheerily: 명랑하게, 기분 좋게,
기분좋게, 기운 좋게, 기운좋게
cheering: 갈채하는, 격려가 되는,
갈채, 기운을 돋우는
chemist: 화학자, 약제사, 약종상,
약사
cherished: 품는, 소중히 하는
cherub: 토실토실한 귀여운 아기,
아기 천사의 그림, 게루빔, 케루빔,
귀여운, 날개있는 천동그림, 동안인
사람, 아름답고 천진한 사람,
지품천사, 귀여운 아이
chess: 체스, 참새귀리속의 식물,
배다리에 건너지르는 널, 서양 장기,
서양장기, 배다리
chestnut: 진부한 이야기, 밤, 밤색,
밤나무, 밤색의, 젖퉁이, 서양칠엽수,
밤색 털의 말, 구렁말, 밤나무목재,
불알
chestnuts: 젖통이
chiefly: 주로, 대개, 거의, 우선
childish: 어린애 같은, 유치한,
어린이 같은, 어른답지 못한, 앳된,
아동의, 어른이 같은
chili: 그것으로 만든 향신료,
칠레고추, 고추의 일종
chill: 오한, 냉기, 차가운, 한기, 춥게
하다, 냉담한, 냉장하다, 냉랭한,
풀죽음, 추위에 떨고 있는, 냉담
chilled: 냉장한, 냉각한, 냉강된,
냉경한, 칠드 주물의, 차가워진
chilliness: 냉기, 냉담, 한기
chilling: 냉담한, 쌀쌀한, 으슬으슬한,
한기가 스미는
chilly: 냉담한, 냉랭하게, 냉랭한,
오싹한, 차가운, 하기가 나는, 찬,
으스스한, 추위를 타는
chime: 차임, 선율, 울리다, 돌출한
가장자리, 일치하다, 조화하다,
조화-가락을 맞추어 울리다, 울리어
알리다, 종악을 연주하다,
시각을알리다, 종을 울려부르다
chimera: 키메라, 망상, 괴물
chimney: 등피, 굴뚝, 분화구, 침니,
굴뚝모양의 것, 대단한 흡연가, 굴뚝
모양의 것
chiromancy: 손금보기, 수상술, 손금
보기
chirp: 짹짹 울다, 새된 목소리로
말하다, 정보를 알리다, 그 우는
소리, 즐거운 듯이 말하다, 짹짹,
짹짹 지저귀다
choking: 숨막히는, 숨막힘, 목이 멘
듯한 숨막힘, 목메는 듯한, 색류의
chopping: 찍기, 크고 튼튼한,
 Edgar Allan Poe 269
깎아치기, 벌목한 공지, 썰기, 있게, 품위 있는, 완전히, 청결한, coalescence: 합병, 합체, 병합, 연합,
삼각파가 이는, 자르기, 삼각파 완전히-깨끗한 것을 좋아하는, 유착, 제휴, 합동
가이는 조촐한, 말끔히, 개끗하게, 말쑥한, coarse: 야비한, 조잡한, 결이 거친,
chrysalis: 번데기, 과도기, 준비시대, 청결히 조제의, 하치의, 천한, 상스러운,
준비 시대 cleanness: 청결, 산뜻함, 깨끗함, 추잡한, 눈, 굵은, 거친
chuckle: 킬킬 웃다, 킬킬 웃음, 결백 cognizance: 심리, 인식 범위, 기장,
싱글싱글 웃다, 싱그레 웃음, 만족해 cleft: 갈라진, 쪼개진, 분열, 갈라진 인식, 인지, 재판권, 지각, 문장
하다, 만족의 미소를 짓다, 틈, 오목한 자리, 단절, 갈라진 금, cognizant: 인식하고 있는, 알고 있는,
꼬꼬거리다, 꼬꼬, 고꼬 울다, 킬킬 쪼개진 조각 인식하여
웃는 소리, 킬킬 웃음의 clematis: 클레마티스, 선인장, cohort: 보병대, 군대, 일대, 일단
cipher: 아라비아 숫자, 암호, 영, 유령선, 참으아리속의 식물 coldness: 냉담, 추위, 냉정, 차가움
계산하다, 변변치 않은 사람, 자명, clerically: 성직자답게, 목사로서, collateral: 방계친, 부저당, 서로
암호로 쓰다, 암호를 쓰다, 열쇠, 서기로서 나란한, 부대적인, 방계의-방계의
운산하다, 을 계산하다 cleverly: 완전히, 영리하게, 잘, 친척, 방계의, 담보 물건, 부대사실,
circumference: 원주, 주위, 주변, 실수없이, 솜씨좋게, 솜씨 있게, 부차적인, 부행의, 직계가 아닌
주변의 길이, 경계선, 범위, 영역, 교묘하게 collision: 충돌, 상충, 알력, 대립,
주변의 거리 clew: 실꾸리, 실톳으로 만들다, 격돌
circumlocution: 핑계, 어물거림, 돛귀를 당기다, 매다는 줄, 배돛귀, collocation: 연어, 배열, 나란히 놓음,
에두르는 말투, 에두름, 에둘러말함, 길잡이 실, 줄거리, 실마리 낱말의 배치, 배치, 병치
완곡, 에둘러 말함, 완곡한 표현 clime: 지방, 풍토, 기후, 나라 colloquy: 담화, 회화, 대화, 회담,
circumstance: 환경, 사정, 사건, cling: 달라붙다, 집착하다, 배어들다, 자유토의, 정식의 담화
부수적인 일, 상황, 처지, 사실, 착 달라 붙다, 접근을 유지하다, color: 색, 안색, 군기, 개성, 착색,
의식에 구애됨, 사태, 부대사항, 애착을 가지고 떨어지지 않다, 채색하다, 입장, 물들다, 윤색하다,
어마어마함 따라서 나아가다, 들러붙다, 빛깔, 얼굴을 붉히다
circumstantial: 상세한, 우연한, 달라붙어 안 떨어지다, 고수하다, colossal: 거대한, 훌륭한,
정황적인, 처지상의, 부수적인, 달라 붙다 터무니없는, 어마어마한, 놀랄만한,
생활상태의, 정황에 의한, 형편에 clinging: 남에게 의존하는, 몸에 착 굉장한
따른, 추정상의 붙는, 달라 붙는, 끈덕진, 감겨 붙는, colouring: 채색, 색조, 착색, 착색제,
citadel: 성, 포대, 최후의 거점, 들러붙는, 몸의 윤곽이 드러나는, 혈색
피난처, 도시를 지키는 요새, 요새, 밀착성의 columnar: 원주의, 종란식으로
거점 cloak: 외투를 입히다, 망토, 구실, 인쇄한, 원주형의
civility: 정중한 태도, 정중, 정중함, 가면, 뒤덮다, 가리는 것, 덮어 combustible: 흥분하기 쉬운,
예의바름, 공손, 예의바른말, 가리다, 외투, 은폐하다, 소매없는 연소성의, 타기쉬운, 라이터,
예의바른 태도, 예의바른 말, 정중한 외투, 소매 없는 외투 타기쉬운것, 성냥, 격하기 쉬운,
말 clockwork: 태엽장치, 시계 장치, 가연성의, 가연성, 가연물, 타기 쉬운
clairvoyance: 천리안, 투시력, 비상한 시계장치, 시계장치같은, 태엽 장치, comforter: 이불, 고무 젖꼭지, 위안을
통찰력, 투시, 굉장한 통찰력 태엽 장치와 같은, 태엽 장치의, 시계 주는 사람, 털목도리, 성령, 위안물,
clamber: 기어 올라가다, 기어 장치와 같은, 시계 장치의 위안자, 위안하는 사람, 조붓하고 긴
올라감, 힘들여 기어 올라가다, clod: 아둔패기, 덩어리, 소의 어깨살, 털실 목도리, 위안을 주는 것
기어오르다 바모, 우둔한 사람, 흙덩이, 흙, comfortless: 위안이 없는, 쓸쓸한,
clamminess: 차고 끈적끈적하성 하찮은 것, 한 덩이의 흙덩어리 낙이 없는, 부자유스러운
clammy: 차고 끈적끈적한, 냉습한, cloister: 수도원, 회랑, 수도원에 commence: 개시하다, 시작되다,
친친한, 찐득한 가두다, 들어 박히다, 조용하고 학위를 받다, 시작하다, 착수하다,
clandestinely: 은밀히, 남몰래 외진곳, 은둔처, 은둔생활, 수녀원, 개시
clang: 뗑하고 울리다, 그소리, 수도원 생활, 복도, 조용하고 외진 곳 commencement: 개시, 대학 졸업식,
쾅울리다, 그 소리, 뗑그렁하고 closet: 벽장, 사실, 비밀의, 변소, 작은 학사 학위수여식, 학위수여식,
울리게 하다, 뗑그렁하고 울리다, 방, 비실제적인, 변기, 밀담시키다, 졸업식, 대학 일
뗑하고 울리게 하다, 철커덩하고 들어박히다, 들어박혀 있다, 다락장 commensurate: 액수가 알맞은, 같은
울리다, 철커덩하고 울리게 하다 clotted: 응고한, 순전한, 전적인, 엉긴 정도의, 공통된 단위를 가진,
clangor: 뗑뗑, 짤랑짤랑, 쾅쾅 울리는 cloudy: 흐린, 언짢은, 구름의, 균형잡힌, 적당한, 같은양의, 같은
소리, 뗑그렁하고 울리다 몽롱한, 의미가 흐릿한, 구름이 많은, 단위로 잴수 있는, 균형이 잡힌,
clangorous: 뗑그렁뗑그렁울리는, 탁한, 흐릿한, 흐림이 있는, 애매한, 정도가 알맞은, 크기가 알맞은, 같은
울리어 퍼지는 기분이 좋지 못한 기간의
classically: 고전적으로, 의고적의로, clump: 군생하다, 쿵쿵 밟다, 밑창을 commoner: 평민, 자비생, 하원 의원,
의고적으로 대다, 밑창, 덩어리, 무거운 발걸음 공용권자, 서민, 대중, 하원의원,
classify: 분류하다, 기밀 취급하다, 소리, 수풀, 풀숲, 응집시키다, 쿵쿵, 토지 공요자
격을 매기다, 등급으로 나누다, 세균덩어리 commotion: 동요, 폭동, 격동, 동란,
유별하다 coalesce: 합체하다, 유착하다, 소동, 소요
cleanly: 깨끗한 것을 좋아하는, 솜씨 합동하다, 연합하다 communion: 친교, 종교 단체, 교섭,
 270
성찬식, 공유, 간담, 교우, 종파,
조합, 내성, 영성체
compartment: 구획, 구획실,
칸막이한 객실, 특수 협의 사항,
구분, 칸막이
compass: 나침반, 이해하다, 한계,
달성하다, 둘레, 에워싸다, 의 둘레를
돌다, 적당한 정도, 컴퍼스,
계획하다, 포위하다
compiler: 컴파일러, 편집자, 편찬자
complexion: 안색, 외관, 형세, 모양,
양상, 형편, 혈색, 얼굴빛, 얼굴의
살갗
compliment: 찬사, 경의, 칭찬하다,
의례적인 인사말, 경의를 표하다,
경의의 표시, 아첨, 대갚음하다-
인사하다, 듣기 좋은 말을 하다,
따리, 영광된 일
composure: 침착, 냉정, 평정, 자제
comprehend: 이해하다, 포함하다,
함축하다
comprehensible: 알기 쉬운, 이해 할
수 있는, 포함되는, 이해할 수 있는,
이해할수있는
comprehension: 이해, 포함, 함축,
이해력, 포용력, 포용주의, 내포
compressed: 간결한, 압축된, 측면의,
편평한
concave: 요면, 오목면, 오목한,
오목하게 하다, 오목해지다, 요면의,
오목함
conceal: 숨기다, 감추다, 비밀로
하다, 내색하지 않다
concealed: 숨기는
concealment: 은폐, 은닉, 잠복, 숨김,
숨는 장소, 은신처
conceive: 상상하다, 임신하다, 배다,
이해하다, 마음에 품다, 착상하다,
마음에품다, 말로표현하다, 라고
생각하다, 생각하다, 생각해 내다
conceiving: 상상하는 것
concision: 간결, 간명, 절단, 분리
conclusive: 종국의, 결정적인,
단호한, 확정적인, 명확한, 최종의
condensation: 응축, 냉축, 액화,
요약, 간결화, 응축 상태, 응축제,
응축체, 응축상태, 요약한 것, 압축
condensed: 간결한, 농축한, 요약한,
압축된
condor: 콘도르
confess: 자인하다, 자백하다, 고해를
듣다, 고해하다, 참회하다, 고백하다,
자공하다, 공언하다
confessed: 정평있는, 명백한, 인정된,
인정받은, 자인한
confession: 자백, 고해, 고백, 고백서,
자인, 신앙고백, 구술서
confessor: 고백자, 고해 신부,
증거자, 고해듣는 신부, 참회자,
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
독신자, 에드워드 참회왕
confidently: 대담하게, 자신 있게,
자신만만하게, 확신하여, 확신을
갖고
confine: 가두다, 감금하다, 경계,
제한하다, 한정하다, 감금, 범위,
억류, 영역, 제한, 국경
confines: 경계
conflagration: 큰 화재, 돌발, 큰불
conflicting: 모순되는, 서로 싸우는,
충돌하는, 일치하지 않는, 서로
다투는, 상충되는, 상반하는
conformation: 적합, 구조, 형태,
배좌, 순종, 형상, 조화적 배치, 정합,
일치
confound: 혼동하다, 꺾다, 저주하다,
좌절시키다, 제기랄, 당황케하다,
곤혹케 하다, 난처하게 하다, 당황케
하다, 제기랄 가벼운 욕 망할 자식,
제기랄 망할 자식
confounded: 엄청난, 지독한, 당황한,
괘씸한, 경칠놈의, 어처구니없는
confusedly: 지리멸렬하게, 어찌할
바를 몰라, 뒤범벅으로, 당황하여,
혼란스럽게
congeniality: 일치, 적합성, 성미에
맞음, 서로 맞는 성미, 적응성,
친화성, 쾌적함
conglomeration: 집괴, 모여 뭉친
덩이, 괴상집적, 응괴, 괴상 집적
conical: 원뿔의, 원추의, 원뿔꼴형의
conjecture: 추측, 추측하다, 어림대고
말하다, 어림짐작, 억측하다, 억측,
판독, 판독하다
conjointly: 공동으로
conjuror: 마술사, 주술사, 마법사
connect: 연결하다, 연상하다, 잇다,
연결되다, 득점이 되도록 치다,
관련시키다, 연속하다, 전원에
연결하다, 전화로 연결하다,
접속하다, 연고 관계를 가지게 하다
connexion: 관계, 단골, 단체, 사이,
연결, 연락, 정교
conquered: 패자, 피정복자
conqueror: 정복자, 승리자, 전승자,
정복왕 윌리엄 일세, 정복왕 윌리엄
1세
consequent: 귀결, 결과의, 논리상
필연의, 후건, 당연한결과, 후항,
후율, 단안, 당연한,
결과로서일어나는, 결과로서 생기는
consolation: 위로, 위자, 위안이 되는
것, 위안이 되는것, 위안, 위안의,
위문의
conspicuous: 두드러진, 확실히
보이는, 눈에 잘 띄는, 현저한,
저명한, 이채를 띤, 뛰어난, 뚜렷한
conspicuously: 현저하게
constrained: 무리한, 강제적인,
갑갑한, 강제된, 거북살스러운,
압박당한
consulting: 자문의, 진찰 전문의,
잔찰을 위한, 진찰의, 고문의
consuming: 소비하는, 여위게 하는,
태워버리는, 다 태워버리는,
애태우는, 여위게하는, 태워 버리는
consummate: 완전한, 유능한,
마치다, 완성된, 완성하다, 이루다,
극점에 달하게 하다, 더없는, 무상의,
성취하다, 신방에 들어완성시키다
consummation: 완성, 기수, 성취,
결혼의 완성, 극치, 달성, 완수, 완전,
종말, 죽음, 완료
contagion: 전염병, 전염력, 감염,
감화력, 나쁜 감화, 접촉전염, 폐풍,
접촉 전염
contemplation: 숙고, 계획, 예상,
묵상, 응시, 예기, 망상, 눈여겨봄,
정관, 기도
contemplative: 정관적인, 눈여겨 봄,
묵상적인, 숙고, 묵상에 잠기는 사람,
묵상에 잠겨있는, 망상, 관조적인
contemptible: 비열한, 경멸할 만한,
멸시할, 한심한, 타기할, 치사한,
천시할 만한, 경멸할만한, 경멸한
만한
contemptuous: 경멸적인, 사람을
얕잡아보는, 오만 무례, 경멸하여
contemptuously: 모욕적으로,
경멸하여
contentedly: 만족스럽게
continual: 빈번한, 계속적인,
끊임없는, 자주 일어나는, 연속적인
continuation: 계속, 연장, 연속, 속편,
지속, 재개, 짧은 바지의 무릎 이하의
부분, 계속됨, 이연, 존속, 이월거래
contour: 윤곽, 개략, 구분선, 윤곽선,
윤곽의 미, 체형에 맞게 만든, 형세,
지형선, 의 윤곽을 그리다, 외형,
몸의 곡선
contradiction: 부정, 모순, 부인,
상반, 반박, 모순된 말, 당착, 반대
contradistinction: 대비, 대조 구별,
대조
contrived: 부자연스러운, 인위적인
contusion: 타박상, 멍듦
conversant: 친교가 있는, 밝은, 친한,
잘알고있는, 정통한
converse: 담화, 교제, 반대, 뒤바뀐,
전환 명제, 친하게 사귀다, 함께
이야기하다, 역, 거꾸로의,
이야기하다, 회화
convertible: 바꿀 수 있는, 지붕을
접을 수 있는, 바꾸어 말할 수 있는,
개종시킬 수 있는, 환산할 수 있는,
태환성의, 지붕을 접을 수 있게 된
자동차, 뜻이 같은, 전환할 수 있는
사물, 환위할 수 있는, 차환할 수
 Edgar Allan Poe
있는 costume: 복장, 여성복, 복, 시대
convex: 볼록한, 철면의, 볼록렌즈, 의상, 옷, 의상을 입히다, 한 벌의
볼록면, 볼록 렌즈 여성복-입히다, 의상, 숙녀복,
convict: 죄인, 죄수, 유죄를 의상을 조달하다, 입히다
입증하다, 유죄를 선고하다, 기결수, couch: 침상, 눕다, 초자체 전위를
유죄를증명하다, 죄를 깨닫게 하다 시술하다, 띄우다, 쌓이다, 말로
convolute: 회선상의, 포선형의, 표현하다, 못자리, 잠복하다, 누이다,
포선체, 말다, 뒤얽히다, 둘둘 말다, 침석, 휴식처
감다, 둘둘말린, 둘둘 말린 cough: 기침, 기침하다, 불연소음을
convulsion: 격동, 웃음의 발작, 경련, 내다, 을 마지못해 건네다, 을
동란, 이변, 포복 절도, 동요, 경기, 마지못해 털어놓다, 기침병, 죄를
변동 자백하다, 기침소리, 불연소음, 기침
convulsions: 경련, 웃음의 발작 소리를 내다, 헛기침하다
convulsive: 경련성의, 발작적인, countenance: 원조, 장려하다, 호의를
경련을 일으킨 듯한, 격동적인 보이다, 침착, 표정, 승인하다,
convulsively: 발작적으로 허용하다, 찬조, 찬성하다, 찬성,
coolly: 냉정하게, 냉담하게, 지지
뻔뻔스럽게, 서늘하게, 차갑게, counterpart: 부본, 짝진 것의 한쪽,
침착하게 상대물, 대응부, 대조물, 부절,
coolness: 냉담, 차가움, 뻔뻔스러움, 비슷한 사람, 아주 닮은 사람, 한짝,
냉정, 시원함, 무뚝뚝함, 참착, 침작 한통, 사본
coop: 닭장, 우리에 넣다, 비좁고 countless: 무수한, 셀 수 없이 많은,
갑갑한 곳, 가두어 놓다, 우리, 가리, 셀수 없는, 셀 수 없는
닭장에 가두다, 비좁은 곳에 가두다, couplet: 대구, 이행 연구
소비조합매점, 감옥 courageously: 용감하게, 용기 있게
copper-colored: 구리빛의 courier: 안내원, 급사, 신보, 시중꾼,
copyist: 모방자, 필생, 필경자, 동행, 특사, 수원, 밀사, 가이드
베끼는 사람 courteous: 예의바른, 정중한, 친절한
coquetry: 교태, 아양, 아양 부림, courtier: 알랑쇠, 조신, 아첨꾼, 정신
요염, 요염한 행위 cove: 후미, 홍예식 천장, 주인, 놈,
coral: 산호, 산호로 만든, 주홍색의, 산골짜기 길, 아치혀으로 만들다,
산호빛의, 산호빛, 산호세공품, 한구석, 양 목장의 지배인, 후미진곳,
산호층, 새우 알, 장난감 젖꼭지, 산구석, 녀석
산호충, 새우알 covert: 은밀한, 숨는 장소, 칼깃,
cord: 코드, 새끼로 묶다, 새끼, 굴레, 보호를 받고 있는, 비밀의, 잠복소,
장작의 평수, 골지게 짠 직물의 이랑, 우복우, 암암리의, 숨긴, 살며시,
끈, 가는바로묶다, 코듀로이, 노끈, 숨은
삭상조직 cowardice: 겁, 비겁, 소심
cordial: 강심제, 강장제, 코디얼, coxcombry: 멋부림, 멋부리기,
원기를 돋구는, 충심으로부터의, 태깔스런 거동, 태부림
달콤한술, 과일주스에 물을 탄 음료, cracked: 금이 간, 깨진, 갈라진, 미친,
강심성의, 성실한, 성심성의의, 주스 떨어진, 변성한, 손상된, 모소리가
cordiality: 진심, 진심어린 언동, 변한, 뻐개진, 쉰, 어리석은
따뜻한 우정, 성실, 충정, 친절 cracking: 굉장히 좋은, 매우, 열분해,
cordially: 성의를 다해서, 진심으로, 분류, 빠른, 굉장히, 아주 멋진,
성실하게, 정성껏 철저한, 크래킹, 활발한, 맹렬한
cornice: 처마 장식, 배내기, 벼랑 cradle: 요람, 발상지, 낫에 덧대는 틀,
끝에 차양처럼 얼어 붙은 눈더미, 선광기, 요람에 넣다, 흔들어 어르다,
벼랑 끝에 차양처럼 얼어붙은 어린시절, 어린이 침대, 요람모양의
눈더미 받침대, 선광대, 애무하다
corpse: 시체, 송장 crafty: 교활한, 교묘한, 간사한, 나쁜
correction: 정정, 교정, 보정, 질책, 꾀가 많은, 간사하게
첨삭, 수정, 징계, 벌, 바로잡음 crag: 울퉁불퉁한 바위, 개사층, 험한
correspond: 일치하다, 교신하다, 에 바위산, 너설바위
상당하다, 조화하다, 교환하다, craggy: 바위가 많은, 우악스럽게
부합하다, 왕래하다, 상당하다, 서신 생긴, 바위가 울퉁불퉁 돌출한,
왕래하다, 에 대응하다, 에 해당하다 울퉁불퉁하고 험한
corroborative: 확증적인, 뒷받침하는, crashing: 완전한, 철저한, 특별한,
확인의 예외적인, 두려울만한, 두려운,
271
놀라울만한, 최고의
craving: 갈망, 열망, 간원 강렬한,
갈망하는, 열망하는
creak: 삐걱거리다, 삐걱거리는 소리,
삐걱거리게 하다, 삐걱거림,
키익키익울리는 소리
creamy: 크림색의, 크림 모양의,
크림을 함유한, 크림모양의,
반들반들하고 말랑말랑한, 크림이
많은
creator: 창조자, 조물주, 역 창조자,
하느님, 창작자, 창설자, 신, 수작자,
고안자, 천제
credible: 신용할 수 있는, 확실한,
믿을 만한 소식통에서,
신용할수있는, 신뢰할 수 있는
credulity: 고지식함, 믿기 쉬움, 경신,
쉽게 믿음
creep: 포복, 기다, 살살 기다, 소리를
죽여 걷다, 근질근질하다, 탐해구로
해저를 더듬다, 지층의 변형, 점점
어긋나 움직이다, 섬뜩해지는 느낌,
살금살금 걷다, 슬며시 접근하다
creeping: 탐해법, 남몰래 빌붙는,
기어 돌아다니는, 아첨, 느린,
근질근질한 느낌, 기기,
근질근질하는, 포복, 잠행성의,
은밀한
crescent: 초승달, 초승달 모양의
기장, 차차 커지는, 초승달 모양,
초승달 모양의, 초승달 모양의 광장,
초승달기, 초승달모양의, 초승달의,
초승달꼴 롤 빵, 회교
crest: 꼭대기, 볏, 갈기, 도가머리,
물마루, 산꼭대기, 새깃 장식,
용마루, 관모, 꼭대기 장식, 머리장식
crevice: 갈라진틈, 터진곳, 갈라진 틈
crimson: 진홍색의, 진홍색,
진홍색으로 하다, 진홍색이 되다,
피비린내 나는, 새빨개지다,
새빨갛게하다, 시뻘건, 물들이다
crooked: 부정직한, 마음이 비뚤어진,
구부러진, 기형의, 비뚤어진,
부정하게, 부정수단으로 얻은,
허리가 구부러진, 뒤틀린, 꼬부라진,
굴곡된
crotchet: 갈고리, 기상, 구상기관,
변덕, 별난생각, 사분 음표
crouch: 웅크림, 굽실거리다, 몸을
구부리다, 쭈그리다, 쪼그리고 앉다,
비굴하게 굽실거림, 오그라지다,
움츠리다, 웅크리다, 위축되다, 바싹
웅크리다
crowned: 왕관을 쓴, 춤이 있는,
왕위에 오른, 관식을 단
crucible: 도가니, 가혹한 시련
cruelty: 잔학, 잔인한 행위, 끔찍함,
잔혹, 학대, 잔인성, 무자비
crumpled: 뒤틀린, 주름살 투성이의,
 272
쭈글쭈글한
crushing: 눌러 터뜨리는, 압도적인,
박살내는, 결정적인, 분쇄하는,
궤멸적인, 눌러 터뜨리는 것
crypt: 지하실, 토굴
cue: 큐, 기분, 역할, 단서, 계기, 신호,
행동을 유도하는 자극, 연주 지시
악절, 행동 개시의 지시를 주다,
실마리, 에게 신호를 주다
cuff: 커프스, 소매 끝동, 치다, 찰싹
때림, 때리다, 접어젖힌 단, 양복
바지의 접단, 수갑, 소맷부리,
손바닥으로 치기, 찰싹 때침
cultivated: 경작된, 양식된, 세련된,
개간된, 배양된, 교양있는, 재배된,
교양 있는
cultivation: 경작, 교화, 재배, 배양,
배양균, 양성, 수양, 수련, 세련,
교양, 양식
cum: 딸린의 뜻, 와 함께, 이 붙은
cunning: 교묘한, 교활한, 귀여운,
노련한, 멋있는, 숙련, 솜씨, 현명한,
재간있는, 약삭빠른, 빈틈없음
cunningly: 교활하게, 교묘하게
curio: 골동품
curling: 컬링, 말리기 쉬운, 말림,
위축, 머리 지지는데 쓰이는, 말려
올라감, 말아 지지기
curse: 저주하다, 월경, 저주, 재앙,
파문하다, 욕지거리하다, 천벌을
내리다, 저주의 말, 파문, 괴롭히다,
독설
cursed: 저주할, 심술궂은,
저주스러움, 심술통, 지겨운, 심사
사나운, 저부받은, 천벌받은,
지긋지긋한, 가증스러운, 저주 받은
cursory: 서두르는, 엉성한,
소홀한피상적인, 마구잡이의, 조잡한
curt: 무뚝뚝한, 간략한, 짧은,
퉁명스러운, 짧게자른
curvature: 만곡, 곡률, 휨, 뒤틀림,
굽음, 곡도
customary: 관례에 의한, 습관적인,
관습상의, 통례의, 관계집, 관례집
cylindrical: 원통모양의, 원주
모양의, 원통의
cypress: 사이프러스, 사이프러스의
가지, 그 재목, 삼나무의일종
dagger: 단도, 칼표, 이중 칼표,
무서운 눈초리로 노려보다,
심한적의를 품고
daintiness: 우미, 가림, 까다로움,
호사를 좋아함, 미미
daisy: 데이지, 상등품, 훌륭한, 여자
이름, 일품, 뼈를 추린 훈제햄
dalliance: 희롱, 장난, 빈들거림,
시간의 낭비, 애정 유희
damascus: 다마스쿠프, 다마스쿠스
damnable: 지겨운, 저주받을 만한,
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
저주할, 가증한, 경칠 놈의
damnation: 저주, 파멸, 지옥에
떨어뜨림, 비난, 아뿔사, 악평, 욕설,
젠장, 지옥에 떨어뜨림-제기랄,
천벌, 제기랄
damned: 저주받은, 지겨운, 지독히,
넌더리나는
dampness: 습기, 축축함
damsel: 처녀, 소녀, 계집아이, 미혼
여성
dangling: 에게 결과를 알리지 않고
기다리게 하다, 을 애타게 하다
dank: 습기찬, 축축한
daring: 겁이 없는, 대담무쌍한,
대담한, 모험적인 기상, 모험적인
용기
dashed: 괘씸한, 굉장히, 낙심한,
의기 소침한, 지독히
dashing: 기운찬, 멋부린, 화려한,
기세 좋은, 위세 당당한
dauntless: 대담한, 겁 없는
davy: 선서서
daybreak: 새벽, 동틀녘
dazzle: 현혹하다, 눈이 부시다,
눈부시게 하다, 현혹시키다,
압도하다, 감탄케 하다, 부시다, 현혹
dazzling: 눈부신
deaden: 약하게 하다, 무감각하게
하다, 둔하게 하다, 둔해지다,
약해지다, 소리를 없애다, 죽다,
소리를 없애다-죽다, 늦추다,
방음으로 하다, 끄다
deafen: 귀먹게 하다, 큰 소리를
줄이다, 귀머거리로 만들다, 들리지
않게 하다, 방음 장치를 하다, 귀가
들리지 않게 하다
deathful: 치명적인, 잔인한,
살인적인
debauch: 타락시키다, 우혹하다,
난봉, 방탕, 퇴폐시키다,
퇴폐시키다-방탕, 주색에 빠지다
debaucheries: 방탕, 유흥
debris: 파괴의 자취, 쓰레기, 파편,
부스러기
decayed: 부식하는
decease: 사망, 사망하다, 죽은
deceased: 고, 죽은, 고인, 사망한
deceive: 속이다, 미혹시키다,
사기하다
deceived: 사기하는
decency: 예의, 체면, 점잖음, 예의
범절, 체면상, 보통의 살림에 필요한
물건, 어엿한 생활에 필요한 것, 예절
바름, 보기 흉하지 않음, 관대
deception: 속임, 속은 상태, 야바위,
기만 수단
decidedly: 단호히, 확실히,
결정적으로, 활실히
decisively: 결정적으로, 단호하게
declining: 기울어, 쇠하여, 기우는
declivity: 하향, 내리막, 내리받이,
내리받이길
decomposition: 분해, 부패, 해체,
용해, 변질, 해제
decorations: 장식물
decorum: 예의바름, 고상함, 단정,
예의 바름
decrees: 교령집
deduce: 추론하다, 연역하다, 의
유래를 캐다, 계통을 따지다
deed: 행위, 실행, 행동, 업적, 증서
deem: 생각하다, 으로 생각하다
deepen: 깊게 하다, 깊어지다,
짙게하다, 낮게 되다, 낮게 하다,
진하게 하다, 굵게 하다, 굵게 되다,
깊게 되다, 진하게 되다
deep-set: 깊이 파인, 뿌리 깊은
defect: 결점, 결함, 부족, 결손
defective: 불완전한, 결점 있는,
활용형의 일부가 없는, 결점이 있는,
지능적으로 표준 이하인, 모자라는
점이 있는, 결함이 있는
deference: 복종, 경의
deferred: 거치한, 연기한, 연기된
defiance: 도전, 반항, 무시
deficiency: 결핍, 결함, 부족액,
부족분, 부족, 부족량
definitive: 결정적인, 최종적인,
한정적인, 완전히 발달한 형태의,
보통 우표의, 일정한
definitively: 결정적으로, 명확하게,
일정하게, 최후로
deformed: 흉한, 불구의, 일그러진
defy: 도전하다, 무시하다, 반항하다,
거부하다, 허용하지 않다
deity: 신, 여신, 신성, 하느님, 신위,
신적 존재
deliberation: 숙고, 심의, 신중,
신중함, 고의
delicacy: 섬세함, 정교, 우미, 연약함,
우아, 솜씨있음, 고움, 맛있는 음식,
날씬함, 동정심, 섬세
delicately: 미묘하게, 정교하게,
섬세하게, 우아하게, 고상하게
deliciously: 맛있게, 유쾌하게
delineation: 서술, 도형, 약도,
윤곽묘사, 묘사
delirious: 황홀한, 무아경의, 정신
착란의, 헛소리하는, 헛소리를 하는
delirium: 정신 착란, 황홀, 무아경,
섬망 상태
deliverance: 구출, 해방, 진술,
진술의 공표, 평결, 액막이, 석방,
발표, 구조, 공식 의견, 의견
deliverer: 교부자, 구조자, 배달인,
인도인, 석방자
delude: 속이다, 호리다, 매혹시키다,
미혹시키다

delusion: 착각, 속임, 미망, 미혹,
현혹, 매혹
demeanor: 태도, 행동, 행실
demon: 악마, 귀신, 일에 비범한
사람, 정령, 귀재
demoniac: 악마와 같은, 악마의, 미친
듯한, 귀신들린 듯한, 미친 듯한-
귀신들린 듯한
demoniacal: 귀신 같은, 귀신의
demoniacally: 흉악하게, 귀신같이,
귀신들린듯이
demure: 기품 있는, 진지한, 침착한,
얌전 피우는, 차분한
demurely: 점잔빼게, 진지하게,
침착하게
den: 굴, 소굴, 작고 아늑한 사실,
밀실, 사실, 유년단의 분대
denial: 부정, 극기, 부인, 거부
denominate: 명명하다, 특정한
이름이 있는
denouement: 대단원, 종결, 해결
denounce: 고발하다, 공공연히
비난하다, 선언하다, 비난하다,
종결을 통고하다
densely: 짙게, 치밀하게, 조밀하게,
아둔하게, 빽빽이, 밀집하여,
빽빽하게
dental: 이의, 치과의, 치음, 치음자,
치음의
depart: 벗어나다, 출발하다, 떠나다,
빗나가다, 세상을 떠나다
departed: 죽은, 과거의, 고인,
지나간, 죽은사람
deplorable: 비참한, 슬퍼할, 가엾은,
애처로운, 통탄할
deplorably: 통탄하여, 한탄스럽게,
한탄하여, 비통하게
deprived: 가난한, 가난한 사람들,
불우한
derision: 비웃음, 경멸, 조롱,
조소거리
derivable: 추론할 수 있는, 끌어낼 수
있는, 유도할 수 있는
descendant: 자손
descended: 유래한, 전해진
descending: 내려가는, 강하하는,
하향의
desirous: 원하는, 바라는
desolate: 황량한, 황폐케하다,
황폐한, 음산한, 고독한, 사람이 안
사는, 시람이 안 사는, 쓸쓸한,
내버려진
desolation: 쓸쓸함, 황폐, 황량,
서글픔, 페허, 폐허, 서글품,
황폐케함
despairing: 절망적인, 필사의,
자포자기한
despairingly: 절망적으로, 가망 없게,
자포자기로
Edgar Allan Poe
desperation: 절망, 자포자기, 기를
씀, 필사
despicable: 비열한, 야비한, 경멸할
만한
despise: 경멸하다
despotism: 압제, 전제국, 전제 정치,
전제정치, 독재정치, 압박, 독재제,
독재자 행세, 전제정부
destined: 예정된, 운명지어진,
향하는
destiny: 운명, 천명, 하늘, 하늘의 뜻
destitute: 결핍한, 군색한, 빈곤한
destroyer: 파괴자, 구축함, 약탈자,
파기자
desultory: 산만한, 종작 없는, 일관성
없는
detach: 분견하다, 분리하다, 떼다,
파견하다
detestable: 몹시 싫은, 혐오할 만한
detestation: 혐오, 몹시 싫은 것, 심한
혐오, 아주 싫은 것, 아주 싫어함
devastated: 황폐시키는
devious: 꾸불꾸불한, 우회하는,
인륜을 벗어난, 정도를 벗어난,
솔직하지 않은, 멀리 돌아가는
devotion: 귀의, 헌신, 애착, 전념,
기도, 전렴
devour: 탐독하다, 멸망시키다,
개걸스럽게 먹다, 먹어치우다,
개걸스럽게먹다, 이성을 빼앗다,
게걸스레 먹다
devout: 성실한, 열심인, 경건한,
독실한 신자들, 마음에서 우러나는,
믿음이 깊은
dew: 이슬이 내리다, 이슬방울,
이슬로 적시다, 이슬이 내리다-
이슬로 적시다, 이슬이 내린다, 이슬,
신선함, 이슬로 젖다
dexterity: 영리, 손재주 있음,
오른손잡이, 재치
diagonally: 대각선으로, 비스듬히
dialect: 방언, 통용어, 파생언어, 지방
사투리, 한 계급 특유의 통용어, 한
직업 특유의 통용어
diamonds: 다이아 패 한 벌
dictate: 지령, 받아쓰게하다, 명령,
명령하다, 명령하다-명령, 지령하다,
지시하다, 구술하다, 글을 받아쓰게
하다
dictation: 명령, 지령, 받아쓰기,
수술, 받아 쓰기, 구술, 받아 쓴 것
diddle: 낭비하다, 편취하다, 속이다,
앞뒤로 심하게 움직이게 하다,
앞뒤로 심하게 움직이다
diffuse: 유포한, 발산하다, 산만한,
퍼진, 유포시키다, 퍼뜨리다, 퍼지다,
흐트러뜨리다, 확산시키다
diffused: 확산된, 널리 퍼진
digestion: 소화, 소화 작용, 소화제
273
dilapidation: 황폐, 허물어진
것.손모료, 무너짐, 사태, 황량
dim: 둔한, 어둑한, 희미한, 둔하게
하다, 어둑해지다, 흐리게 하다,
흐려지다, 어슴푸레한, 둔해지다,
어둑하게 하다, 비관적인
diminish: 줄이다, 감소시키다, 줄다
diminished: 감소된, 권위가 떨어진,
반음 줄인, 감손된
diminution: 김소, 축소, 감소,
가늘어짐
diminutive: 지소의, 지소사, 작은,
소형의
dimmer: 조광기, 제광기, 어스레하게
하는 물건, 어스레하게 하는 사람,
주차, 주차 표시
dimness: 어스레함, 어스름, 불명료,
어둑함, 희미함
din: 소음, 뇌고 되뇌이다, 소음이
나다, 소음으로 멍멍하게 하다, 귀를
멍멍하게 하다, 울리다
dint: 두들겨 움푹 들어간 곳, 두들겨
움푹 들어간 곳-두들겨서 자국을
내다, 두들겨서 자국을 내다, 타격,
움푹 들어간 곳, 힘
dip: 담그다, 살충액에 담그어 씻다,
살짝 적시다, 적시다, 잠시 내렸다
올리다, 어리석은 사람, 양초, 순간적
강하, 소매치기, 물건을 건지려고
손을 쑥 넣다, 살짝 잠기다
diplomacy: 외교 수완, 외교, 외교술
diplomatist: 외교관, 외교가
dire: 극도의, 긴급한, 무서운, 무서은,
긴박한
disagreeable: 불쾌한, 까다로운,
마음에 안 드는, 불유쾌한
disappearance: 소멸, 소실, 실종,
사라짐
disapprobation: 안된다고 함
disastrously: 불길하게, 불운하게,
비참하게
disbelief: 불신, 의혹
discernible: 인식 할 수 있는, 보고 알
수 있는
discoloration: 변색, 퇴색
discomposed: 마음이 산란해진,
침착을 잃은
disconcert: 당황하게하다,
혼란시키다, 좌절시키다, 당황하게
하다, 쩔쩔매게 하다, 뒤집다
disconsolately: 쓸쓸하게, 허전하게
discontinuance: 정지, 중지, 단절,
법률 소송의 취하, 중단, 중절, 폐지,
소송취하, 점유중단
discordant: 조화하지 않는, 충돌하는,
불화한, 귀에 거슬리는, 일치하지
않는, 부정합의, 불협화음의
discordantly: 불화하게, 충돌하게
discoverable: 눈에 보이는, 발견할 수
 274
있는
discriminating: 차별적인, 식별있는,
구별할 수 있는
disengage: 해방하다, 풀다, 관계를
끊다, 떨어지다, 중지하다, 접속을
풀다, 연결을 풀다, 교전을 중지하다,
연결이 풀리다
disfigured: 의 외관을 손상하는
disguise: 속이다, 거짓꾸밈,
변장하다, 구실, 거짓 꾸미다,
가장복, 변장, 감추다-변장, 감추다,
변장시키다, 변신
disguised: 속임수의, 술취한, 변장한
disgust: 역겹게하다, 혐오, 역겨움,
정떨어지게 하다, 정떨어지게하다-
역겨움, 싫음, 메스꺼워찌게 하다
disgusted: 메스꺼워찌게 하는
disgusting: 구역질나는, 지겨운,
메스꺼운
disinter: 발굴하다
dismal: 쓸쓸한, 음침한, 무시무시한,
참담한, 어두운, 비참한
dismally: 음침하게, 비참하게,
음산하게
dismay: 당황, 경악, 깜짝 놀라게
하다, 근심시키다, 당황케 하다, 놀람
disordered: 혼란된, 병에 걸린,
고장난
displace: 바꾸어 놓다, 면직하다,
이동시키다, 대치하다, 대신
들어서다, 배수량을 가지다,
해임하다, 치환하다
disposed: 배치된, 한 감정을 품고, 할
생각이 있는
disposition: 성질, 처리, 배치, 성향,
처분, 배열
disquietude: 불안한 상태, 동요,
걱정, 불온, 불안
disregardful: 경시하는, 무시하는
disreputable: 평판이 나쁜,
불명예스러운, 평판이 좋지 않은,
보기 싫은
dissect: 해부하다, 분석하다, 상세히
분석하다, 상세히 비평하다,
절개하다
dissection: 해부체, 절개, 해부, 개석,
정밀한 분석, 분류 구분, 해체,
정밀한 음미, 해부모형
dissemble: 숨기다, 시치미 떼다,
무시하다, 본심을 안 보이다, 속이다,
을 가장하다, 못 본 체하다, 진의를
숨기다
disservice: 학대, 박해, 위해, 해
dissimilar: 같지 않은, 와 비슷하지
않은
dissimulation: 위선, 위장, 감정,
의지등의 위장, 시치미뗌
dissipated: 방탕한, 낭비된,
난봉부리는, 난봉피우는
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
dissipation: 낭비, 소산, 방탕, 난봉,
소실, 기분전환, 산재
dissolute: 난봉 피우는, 방탕한,
방종한
dissolution: 해산, 용해, 분해, 해약,
해소, 붕괴, 사멸, 해체, 소멸
distantly: 떨어져서, 희미하게,
에둘러, 멀리, 간접적으로
distaste: 마음에 들지 않다, 싫증
distasteful: 싫은, 맛 없는, 맛없는,
혐오를 나타낸
distilled: 증류한, 증류하여 얻은
distinctness: 특수성
distinguishing: 다른 것과 구별되는,
구별이 있는, 특색 있는
distortion: 왜곡, 억지맞춤, 일그러진,
찌그러뜨림
distracted: 광란의, 어수선한, 빗나간
distressing: 비참한, 괴롭히는,
괴로움을 주는
distrust: 불신, 의혹, 의심하다
disturb: 방해하다, 어지럽히다,
소란하게 하다, 불안하게하다,
불안하게 하다, 소란하게하다,
교란하다, 저해하다, 침해하다
diverging: 서로 다른, 분기하는,
발산성의
divest: 빼앗다, 옷을벗다, 벗기다
dividing: 나누는, 구분적인
divinely: 신처럼, 신과 같이, 신에
의하여, 신의힘으로, 거룩하게
divining: 점
divulge: 폭로하다, 비밀을 누설하다,
비밀을누설하다, 누설하다
dizzily: 현기증나게, 어지럽게
dizziness: 현기증
dizzy: 당혹케하다, 어질어질한,
현기증나는, 현기증나게하다, 현기증
나는, 지각 없는, 마음이 들떠,
현기증 나게 하다, 어지러울 정도의
docility: 온순, 유순, 다루기 쉬움
dogged: 완고한
dogma: 교조, 교의, 교리, 독단론,
정설, 독단적 견해, 독단적 주장
dolt: 바보, 얼간이, 얼뜨기
dominican: 도미니크 교단의 수도사,
도미니크 공화국의 주민, 도미니카
공화국의, 성 도미니코의,
도미니코회의 수도사, 도미니코
회의 수도사, 성도미니코의
dominion: 지배, 통치, 통치권, 주권,
소유권, 영토, 통치 권, 통치 력,
천사의 제사계급, 자치령, 지배 권
donjon: 아성, 내성
doom: 운명짓다, 운명, 선고하다,
죽음, 파멸, 최후의 심판, 재판,
판정하다, 법령
doomed: 운이 다한, 불운한
dost: 직설법, 현재
doting: 맹목적으로 사랑하는,
노망한, 사랑에 빠진, 애지중지하는,
망령든, 지나치게 귀여워하는
doubly: 두 곱으로, 이중으로,
일구이언으로, 두 배로
doughty: 용감한, 굳센, 대담한
downfall: 몰락, 낙하, 멸망, 호우,
쏟아짐, 함정의 일종
downward: 아래쪽으로, 내려가는,
이후, 이래, 쇠잔하여, 쇠미한,
내리받이의, 이후의, 아래쪽으로의,
쇠퇴하여, 아래로 향한
downwards: 쇠미한, 쇠잔하여,
아래쪽으로
doze: 졸기, 졸다, 선잠,
졸며시간을보내다, 졸며시간을
보내다, 졸면서 지내다, 졸면서 시간
보내다, 불도저로 파다, 불도저로
땅을 파다, 불도저로 땅을 나르다,
불도저로 땅을 고르다
draconian: 가혹한, 드라콘식의,
엄격한, 드라콘 식의
dragging: 질질 끄는, 오래 걸리는,
질질 끄는 것, 오래 걸리는 것
dragon: 용, 감시인, 용자리, 엄격한
샤프롱, 엄격한샤프롱, 엄중한
감시인, 엄중한 여감시인, 용문, 장갑
트랙터, 사나운 사람, 마왕
draper: 포목상, 피륙상
drapery: 피륙, 휘장, 주름, 커튼,
포목, 옷, 장막, 직물업, 포장
draught: 선발하다, 기안하다,
기초하다, 끌다, 제도공으로서
기술을 연마하다
drawers: 드로어즈, 팬츠, 속바지,
속옷
drawlingly: 느릿느릿하게
dread: 공포, 두려움, 두려워하다,
걱정하다, 격정하다, 무서운 물건,
무서운 사람
dreadfully: 무섭게, 겁에 질려,
무시무시하게
dreamer: 꿈꾸는 사람, 공상가, 꿈
꾸는 사람
dreamy: 공상적인, 어렴풋한,
꿈결같은, 꿈꾸는 듯한, 꿈 많은,
꿈같은
dreary: 울적한, 쓸쓸한, 지루한,
처량한, 음울한, 황량한
drenching: 흠뻑 젖음, 억수로
쏟아지는
dromedary: 단봉낙타, 단봉 낙타
droopingly: 힘없이, 맥이 빠져
drowned: 물에 빠져 죽은, 에 빠진,
몰두하고 있는
drowsy: 졸린, 졸음오게하는, 조는
듯한, 나른한, 졸리는
drugged: 약을 먹이는, 에 약을 타는,
특히 마취제를 먹이는, 싫증나게
 Edgar Allan Poe
하는, 마약을 상용하는 ecclesiae: 교회당, 교회
drunkard: 술고래 ecstasy: 무아경, 황홀, 의식혼미상태,
drunken: 술취한, 술고래의 법열, 엑스터시, 황홀경, 그 사용자,
ducal: 공작의 망아
ducks: 즈크 바지 ecstatic: 무아경의, 희열에 넘친,
dully: 둔하게, 멍청하게, 느리게, 황홀한, 황홀한 도취하는 사람,
지루하게, 활발치 못하게, 느럭느럭 완전히 마음이 팔린, 열중한, 무아경
dungeon: 토굴감옥, 지하 감옥, 누각 educe: 추출하다, 추론하다,
dupe: 속이다, 속기 쉬운 사람, 잘 빼어내다, 끌어내다
속는 사람 effectual: 효과적인, 유력한, 유효한
duplicate: 복제의, 복사하다, 부본, effulgence: 광휘, 광채, 눈부심
사본, 이중의, 한쌍의, 부의, 물표, eglantine: 들장미, 들장미의 일종
정부 두통으로 하다, 이중으로 하다, egregious: 지독한, 터무니없는,
복제 엉터리없는, 탁월한, 악명 높은
durable: 오래견디는, 튼튼한, egress: 출구, 외출, 밖으로 나감,
지속하는, 내구재, 영속성 있는 배출구, 재현, 출현, 밖으로 나갈 수
dusk: 땅거미, 그늘, 어스레한, 황혼, 있는 권리, 밖으로 나가기, 밖으로
거무스름한, 어둑해지다, 어스름, 나가다
음울한, 어둑하게 하다 ejaculation: 사출, 사정, 갑자기
dusky: 거무스름한, 어스레한, 음울한 지르는 소리, 절규, 갑자기 외침,
dwell: 살다, 거주하다, 곰곰이 갑자기 탄식 소리
생각하다, 천천히발음하다, 천천히 elaborately: 면밀하게, 정성들여
발음하다, 길게논하다, elastic: 경쾌한, 탄력있는, 밝은,
곰곰이생각하다, 길게 논하다, 낭창한, 융통성있는-고무줄,
머무르다, 발을 올리는 것이 더디다 융통성있는, 고무줄, 고무 끈,
dwelling: 주거, 주소, 거처 반발력이 있는, 고무줄이 든 천의
eagerly: 열심히, 간절히, 열망하여 제품, 고리 모양의 고무줄
eagerness: 열의, 열망, 열심 elementary: 초보의, 원소의, 본질의,
earnest: 진지한, 열심인, 진지, 진심, 기본의, 초보적인, 요소의, 사대의,
중대한, 정식, 성실한, 성실, 엄숙한- 단원소의, 기본이 되는
성실, 엄숙한, 계약금 elevate: 올리다, 승진시키다, 기분을
earnestly: 진지하게, 진정으로, 들뜨게하다, 기운을 북돋아주다,
진심으로, 열심히 앙양하다, 향상시키다, 의기
earnestness: 열심 양양하게 하다, 높이다
earthen: 흙의, 흙으로 만든, 오지로 elevated: 고상한, 높은, 쾌활한,
만든, 흙으로만든, 오지로만든 거나한, 의기 양양한, 한잔하여
earthly: 지구의, 세속의, 속세의, 기분이 좋은
도대체, 전혀, 이 세상의, 지상의 elevation: 올리는일, 고상, 기품,
earthquake: 지진, 대변동 승진, 입면, 향상, 공중의 순간 정지,
earthy: 흙의, 야비한, 흙같은, 하치의, 고상하게 함, 앙각, 입면도, 높임
세속의, 거친, 땅의, 지상의 eleventh: 제11의, 열한 명 한조의 것,
eastward: 동쪽의, 동쪽, 동쪽으로 제 십일, 제 11, 오전 열한 시 경에
eater: 먹는 사람, 부식물, 날로 먹을 먹는 가벼운 식사, 오전 열한 시
수 있는 과일, 먹을수 있는 생열매 경에 먹는 가벼운 다과, 열한 시,
eaves: 처마 열한 개 한벌의 것, 열한, 십일,
ebb: 썰물, 간조, 기울다, 쇠퇴, 성쇠, 십일의
성쇠-써다, 만회하다, 감퇴, 줄다, elm: 느릅나무
빠지다 eloquent: 표정이 풍부한, 웅변의, 을
ebon: 흑단 흑단의, 칠흙의, 흑단으로 잘 나타내는
만든 elysium: 극락, 이상향, 낙토, 지상의
ebony: 흑단, 칠흙의, 흑단재, 행복, 엘뤼시온
흑단으로 만든 emaciated: 여윈, 수척한, 메마른,
ecarte: 에카프테 쇠약한, 쇠약해진
eccentric: 편심적인, 편심륜, 편심의, emaciation: 여윔, 쇠약, 수척함
별난, 편심론, 별난사람, 괴짜, emanation: 에마나티온, 발산물,
괴짜의-괴짜, 괴짜의, 이심원, 방사물
편심기 embankment: 둑, 축제, 제방, 둑을
eccentricity: 별남, 괴벽, 이심률, 쌓기, 뎀자의 둑
기행, 남다름 embarrass: 당혹케하다, 행동을
275
방해하다, 분규케하다, 곤란케하다,
어리둥절하게 하다, 금전적으로
쪼들리게하다, 당황하다,
뒤엉키게하다, 방해하다
embellish: 장식하다, 아름답게 하다,
꾸미다
embodied: 형태를 부여하는,
구체화하는, 포함하는, 합체시키는
embodiment: 구체화, 구현, 화신,
구체화된 것
embody: 구체화하다, 포함하다, 형체
있는 것으로 만들다, 형체를
부여하다, 구체적으로 표현하다,
일체화하다, 통합하다, 합체시키다,
형태를 부여하다
emendation: 교정, 교정한 곳
emerald: 선녹색의, 에메랄드, 녹옥,
녹음 에메랄드, 녹음 에메랄드-
선녹색의, 에메랄드 빛, 에메랄드
빛의, 에메랄드 활자체, 에메랄드의,
에메랄드제의
emigrate: 이주하다
eminence: 탁월, 전하, 저명, 언덕,
고귀, 높은곳, 고위, 융기, 높은 곳
eminent: 현저한, 우수한, 유명한,
뛰어난, 저명한, 돌출한
emphatic: 두드러진, 절대적인,
어세가강한, 강조한, 단호한, 어조가
강한, 강조된
enamel: 에나멜, 법랑, 유약, 법랑질,
에나멜을 칠하다, 오지그릇의유약을
입히다, 시기질, 에나멜로 그리다,
에나멜 도료, 에 에나멜을 칠하다, 에
에나멜을 입히다
enamored: 매혹된, 홀딱 반한,
사랑에 빠진
enchanting: 매혹적인
enchantment: 매혹, 마법, 매혹하는
것, 마법에 걸린 상태, 마법을 걸기
encircle: 일주하다, 둘러싸다, 둘러
싸다, 에워 싸다
enclosure: 울안, 종획지, 울타리, 울,
구내, 담, 동봉한 것, 봉입물, 울로
둘러싼 땅, 동봉, 둘러쌈
encyclopdia: 백과사전백과 전서,
백과 사전, 백과 전서
endeavor: 노력하다, 하려고
노력하다, 노력, 시도하다
endlessly: 영구히, 끝없이,
계속적으로, 가이없이, 그지없이
endowment: 기부, 기증, 천부의
자질, 자질
endurable: 견딜 수 있는, 참을 수
있는, 감내할 수 있는
endurance: 인내, 내구성, 지구력
endure: 지탱하다, 견디다, 참다,
겪다, 인내하다, 받다, 받다-
인내하다, 허용하다
enduring: 영속적인, 참는, 참을 수
 276
있는
energetic: 정력적인, 원기왕성한
enfeeble: 약하게하다, 약화시키다
engaging: 매력 있는, 마음 끄튼,
마음 끄는, 남의 마음을 끄는
englishman: 영국선, 잉글랜드 사람,
영국인, 영국사람
enigma: 수수께끼, 수수께끼의 인물,
불가해안 사물
enkindle: 타오르게 하다, 감정을
타오르게하다, 불, 일으키다,
불러일으키다
ennui: 권태
enormity: 극악, 범죄 행위, 거대함,
악독
enquirer: 질문자
enraged: 성나게 하는, 화나게 하는
enraptured: 황홀한, 신나는
ensemble: 앙상블, 전체적효과,
합창단, 총체, 공연자, 전체
enshrine: 간직하다, 을 사당에
모시다, 신전에 안치하다, 사당에
안치하다, 사당에 모시다, 신전에
모시다
enslaved: 노예로 만드는
ensue: 계속해서일어나다, 을 찾다,
뒤이어 일어 나다, 의 결과로서
일어나다, 을 구하다
ensuing: 다음의, 뒤이어 일어나는,
결과로서 따르는, 뒤이은
entangle: 얽히게하다, 곤란케하다,
혼란시키다, 분규를 일으키게 하다,
뒤얽히게 하다, 빠뜨리다
entangled: 뒤얽히게 하는, 분규를
일으키게 하는, 빠뜨리는
entertain: 대접하다, 품다,
즐겁게하다, 유쾌한, 재미있는,
즐겁게 하다, 간직하다, 호의로써
받아들이다, 환대하다
entertaining: 재미있는, 유쾌한
enthral: 노예로만들다, 매혹하다,
노예로 만들다, 의 마음을 사로잡다,
노예 상태로 만들다
enthusiast: 열광자, 팬, 열성적인
사람, 광, 광식적인
entombment: 매장
entrancing: 황홀케하는, 넋을 빼앗아
가는
entrapment: 덫에 걸리게 하는 것
enunciation: 발음, 언명, 선언, 공표,
똑똑한 말투
envelop: 싸다, 포위하다, 봉하다
ephemeron: 하루살이, 명이 아주
짧은 것, 덧없는 것
epigram: 경구, 풍자시, 경구적표현,
경구적 표현
epilepsy: 간질, 지랄병
epoch: 시대, 신기원, 신시대, 중요한
사건, 기
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
equitably: 공정하게, 정당하게,
형법상으로 유효하게
equivocal: 의심스러운, 두가지
뜻으로 해석될 수 있는, 명백하지
않은, 모호한, 확실치 않은,
미심스러운, 두 가지 뜻으로
해석되는
ere: 하기 전에, 오히려
erect: 건립하다, 꼿꼿이 세우다,
꼿꼿이선, 똑바로 선, 세우다,
승격시키다, 서다, 조립하다,
직립시키다, 창설하다, 곤두서서
erewhile: 조금전에
ermined: 어민 모피를 입은, 어미의
털로 덮인
ernest: 남자 이름
eros: 에로스, 성애
errand: 심부름, 볼일, 사명, 심부름의
내용, 내용
erring: 잘못되어 있는, 죄를 범하고
있는
erudition: 박식, 해박, 박학
eschew: 피하다
escritoire: 책상, 접는 책상
especial: 특별한, 각별한
espouse: 시집보내다, 지지하다,
채용하다, 신봉하다, 처로 삼다
est: 심신 통일 훈련
esteem: 존중하다, 존중, 존경하다,
귀중히 여기다, 간주하다, 존경,
간주하다-존경, 평가하다
eternally: 영원히, 끊임없이, 끝없이,
언제나, 영구히
eternity: 영원, 내세, 영구, 영원한
진실, 영원한 진리, 오래 시간,
영원의 세계, 영원한 존재
ether: 하늘, 에테르, 정기, 라디오
ethereal: 천상의, 공기와같은,
상공의, 에테르같은, 영기의, 영묘한,
가벼운, 미묘한, 에테르의, 공기 같은
eton: 런던 서쪽의 도시, 이튼
etruscan: 에트루리아의, 에트루리아
사람
evanescent: 덧없는, 무한소의,
사라져 가는, 순간의, 지극히 미미한,
곧 시들어 떨어지는, 섬세한,
사라지는
evaporation: 증발 작용, 증발량,
탈수, 증발기, 증발 탈수법, 증발
농축, 수분의 제거, 증발, 소실
eventful: 중대한, 사건이 많은,
다사한, 사건많은, 사건 많은, 파란
많은
everlasting: 영구한, 영원한, 끝없는,
변함없는, 영원, 영겁, 지루한, 떡쑥,
영구, 영원히 계속되는, 튼튼한 나사
evermore: 항상, 언제나, 영구히,
영원히
exaggerate: 과장하다, 허풍떨다,
과장해서 말하다, 과대시하다,
병적으로 확장시키다
exaggerated: 과장된, 떠벌린, 비대한,
비정상적으로 확장된, 지나친
exaggeration: 과장, 과장적 표헌
exaltation: 승진, 높임, 항진,
의기양양
exalted: 고귀한, 지위가 높은,
고상한, 숭고한, 기뻐 날뛰는,
고양된, 의기양양한
excavation: 발굴, 유적, 발굴물, 굴
파기, 구멍파기, 구덩이, 우묵한 데,
굴, 개착 2굴
exceeding: 대단한, 굉장한, 엄청난,
과도한
exceedingly: 대단히, 엄청나게, 매우,
굉장히
excel: 능가하다, 뛰어나다, 빼어나다
excellence: 장점, 우수, 미점, 탁월
excepted: 제외되어, 예외인
excepting: 말고는, 을 제외하면, 을
빼고, -을 빼고, 을 제외하고
excessively: 과도하게, 지나치게,
부절제하게
excitability: 흥분성, 격하기 쉬운
성질
excitable: 흥분하기쉬운, 격하기 쉬운
excite: 흥분시키다, 자극하다,
자극하여 일으키다, 선동하다,
설레게 하다, 격려하다, 일으키다,
분기시키다, 여자하다
execute: 사형을 집행하다, 실시하다,
연주하다, 제작하다, 서명 날인하다,
집행하다, 시행하다, 수행하다,
실행하다, 완성하다
executioner: 실행자, 사형 집행인,
사형집행인
exertion: 노력, 진력, 발위, 행사
exhalation: 증기, 발산물, 호기, 날숨,
발산, 증발기, 폭발
exhausting: 소모적인
exhaustion: 피로, 고갈, 소모, 배출,
철저한 연구, 철저한 검토, 다
써버림, 배기
existent: 존재하는 것, 현존하는,
현행의, 목하의, 실재하는, 존재하는,
현행의 실존자
expanse: 팽창, 넓은장소, 넓음, 확장,
넓게 퍼진 공간, 넓게 퍼진 장소
expectoration: 가래뱉음, 객담,
각출물, 뱉은 것, 가래를 뱉음,
가침뱉음
expedient: 수단, 유리한, 정략적인,
편법, 방편, 편의주의의, 공리적인,
형편좋은, 임기응변의조처, 시의를
얻은, 편의한
expeditious: 신속한, 날쌘, 급속한
experimentally: 실험적으로, 실험상
expiration: 만료, 만기, 날숨, 종결,

죽음, 숨을 내쉼
explorer: 탐험가, 인공위성이름,
탐구자, 탐침, 인공 위성, 탐구 하는
사람
expound: 설명하다, 상술하다,
상세히 설명하다
expressive: 표정이 풍부한, 표현의,
표현하는, 의미 심장한, 표현이
풍부한, 나타내는, 표현적인
exquisite: 절묘한, 정교한, 예민한,
멋쟁이 남자, 우미한, 우아한,
더할나위 없는, 깊은, 취미가
까다로운 사람, 취미가까다로운사람,
아주 아름다운
exquisitely: 심하게, 절묘하게,
멋지게, 정교하게
exterior: 외부의, 외면의, 외부, 외면,
외관, 옥외 풍경, 대외적인, 외모,
외관상의, 관계 없는
externally: 외부에서, 외부적으로,
외면상
extinction: 소멸, 소화, 폐지, 빛의
흡수, 단절, 꺼짐, 절명, 종식, 진화,
흡광, 사멸
extinguishment: 폐지, 소멸, 소화
extort: 갈취하다, 강요하다, 억지로
갖다붙이다, 억지로 해석하다,
강제로 탈취하다
extravagance: 방종, 터무니 없음,
낭비, 사치, 방종한 언행
extravagant: 낭비하는, 엄청난,
터무니 없는, 기발한
extravagantly: 낭비적으로, 엄청나게,
엉뚱하게
extremeness: 과격, 궁극, 극단,
극단성
extremes: 양극단을 이룬 사물,
극단적인 수단, 과격한수단
extremities: 앞끝, 최후, 사지, 극도,
극단책, 말단
extremity: 말단, 수족, 선단, 곤경,
비상수단, 끝, 극한, 극단, 극도,
극단책, 앞끝
exult: 무척기뻐하다, 크게 기뻐하다
exultation: 환희, 광희, 열광, 몹시
기뻐함
eyebrow: 눈썹, 눈썹 꼴 쇠시리
eyelid: 눈꺼풀, 눈두덩
eyrie: 높은 곳에 있는 집, 높은 둥지
fable: 전설, 우화, 신화, 거짓말하다,
우화를 이야기하다, 꾸며낸 이야기,
줄거리, 지어낸 이야기, 꾸며낸
이야기를 하다, 꾸며내다, 꾸민
이야기
fabrication: 제작, 구성, 위조,
거짓말, 꾸며낸 것, 조립, 위조문서,
구조물, 거짓, 지어낸 일, 위조물
fabulous: 전설적인, 믿어지지 않는,
전설상의, 굉장한, 매우 훌륭한,
Edgar Allan Poe
비사실적인, 우화적인, 믿기 어려운,
터무니 없는, 거짓말 같은
fain: 기꺼이, 하고 싶어하는, 쾌히,
하기를 바라는, 하고싶은, 이고싶은,
부득이, 기꺼이 하는, 기꺼이..하는
fainting: 기절, 실신, 졸도, 졸도하는,
기철의, 의기소침
faintly: 희미하게, 힘없이, 가냘프게,
소심하게, 어렴풋이, 연약하게,
머무적거리며
fairy: 요정의, 요정, 요정 같은,
동성애의 남자, 선녀, 호모,
아름다운, 요정에 관한, 우미한, 동성
연애를 하는 남자
faithfully: 여불비례, 충실히
fallacy: 틀린생각, 사기성, 오류,
그릇된 생각
falsely: 거짓으로, 속여서,
불성실하게, 부실하게, 부정하게,
잘못하여
familiarity: 친교, 친함, 허울없음,
친숙함, 친밀, 무엄한, 무간함,
치근치근함, 익히 앎, 임의로움,
스스럼 없음
familiarly: 친하게, 무람없이,
무엄하게, 정답게, 허물없이
fancied: 공상의, 상상의, 가공의,
사육자, 이길 듯싶은, 잘 될 듯싶은,
마음에 든
fanciful: 공상의, 변덕스런, 기발한,
기상 천외한, 공상에 잠기는
fantastically: 공상적으로, 괴상하게,
환상적으로
farewell: 안녕, 고별, 작별의 인사,
작별의인사, 작별 인사를 하다, 작별
far-famed: 널리 알려진
farmhouse: 농가
far-off: 아득히 먼
farther: 더먼, 좀더, 그위에, 더욱더,
더멀리, 더욱이, 더 앞선, 더 멀리, 더
먼, 더 뒤의, 더 나중의
fashioned: 식의
fastening: 죔, 잠그기, 닫음, 붙임,
잠그는 도구, 잠금, 채우는기구,
고정시키기
fastidious: 꽤 까다로운, 꾀까다로운,
까다로운
fastidiously: 괴팍스럽게, 까다롭게
fatality: 참사, 숙명, 죽음, 불운, 재난,
치사성, 필연설, 불행, 인연, 운명,
숙명론
fathom: 길, 헤아리다, 수심을 재다,
추측하다, 수심을 측정하다, 이해
fatigue: 피로, 약화시키다, 사역,
노역, 금속의약화, 지치게 하다,
작업복, 노동, 약화, 작업
fatness: 비옥, 비만, 뚱뚱함, 풍부함,
지방이 많음, 기름기가 많음
faubourg: 교외, 근교, 지구
277
faucal: 인두음, 목구멍의, 인두음의,
인후의, 인두의, 구협의
favor: 호의를 보이다, 호의, 찬성
찬성하다, 부탁, 각별히 보아주다,
애호, 편애하다, 편애, 친절한 행위,
즐겨 착용하다, 즐겨 입다
favorite: 마음에 드는 좋아하는 물건,
특히 좋아하는 물건, 특히 잘하는,
인기 있는 말, 마음에 드는, 좋아하는
사람
fay: 접합시키다, 백인, 여자 이름,
요정
fearful: 무서운, 지독한, 걱정하여,
두려워하여, 신을 두려워하는,
두려워, 심한
fearfully: 몹시, 무서워하며, 무섭게,
굉장히, 지독히, 벌벌 떨며,
거정스럽게, 지독하게
feasibility: 실행할 수 있음, 가능성,
그럴 듯함, 성부, 편리
feather: 깃털, 깃털이 나다, 날개처럼
움직이다, 깃으로 장식하다, 깃털
같이 난 털, 상태, 조류, 종류,
페더링, 항적, 살깃
feathery: 깃이 난, 깃털 같은, 경박한,
가벼운, 깃으로 덮인, 깃털이 있는
feeble: 약한, 연약한, 희미한, 의지가
박약한
feebly: 무기력하게, 나약하게
felicity: 행복, 지복, 적절한 표현,
교묘함, 경사, 적절
felon: 표저, 흉악한, 잔인한, 중죄인,
중죄 범인
feminine: 여성의, 여자다운, 여성,
여자의, 여성 휴지의, 여자 같은
ferocity: 잔인성, 광포한 행동, 사나움
fertile: 번식력이 있는, 비옥한,
다산하는, 풍부한, 다산인, 창조력이
풍부한, 핵분열 물질의 원료가 될 수
있는
ferule: 매, 손 때리는 매로 때리다,
나무막대기, 매로 때려 벌주다, 물미,
엄격한 학교 훈육
fervid: 타오르는 듯한
fervor: 열렬, 백열, 열정
fete: 축연, 축제, 환대하다, 잔치를
베풀어 축하하다, 축일, 축명절
fetterless: 족쇄가 없는
feudal: 영지의, 봉건제도의, 봉건의,
봉토의
feverishly: 불안정하게, 열광적으로,
열나게
fictitious: 거짓의, 의제의, 가공의,
창작적인
fiddle: 바이올린을 켜다, 속이다,
빈들빈들 보내다, 바이올린,
농락하다, 시간을 헛되이 보내다,
사기, 그릇받이, 깡깡이, 빈들빈들
시간을 보내다, 바이올린으로 켜다
 278
fidelity: 충실도, 충실, 엄수, 정확함,
성실, 원 물건과 꼭같음, 정절
fiend: 악마, 악령, 잔인한사람, 마귀
같은 사람, 에 미친 사람
fiendish: 마성의, 극악한, 귀신 같은,
공력이 드는, 교묘한, 대단한,
잔인한, 몹시 불쾌한, 악마 같은,
악마같은, 매우 어려운
fierceness: 사나움, 맹렬, 흉포
fiery: 불의, 염증을 일으킨, 불빛의,
불같은, 불타고있는, 격하기 쉬운,
작열하는, 열렬한, 얼얼한, 인화하기
쉬운, 폭발하기 쉬운
fifteenth: 제 십오의, 제 십오, 열
다섯분의 하나의, 열 다섯분의, 제
십오 번째의, 열 다섯도 음정, 열
다섯도, 열 다섯번째
fiftieth: 쉰분의 1, 쉰번째의, 쉰분의
하나의, 오십 번째의 사람, 제오십,
오십 번째의 것
filmy: 엷은 껍질의, 엷은 안개같은,
필름같은, 엷은 껍질모양의, 엷은
안개 같은
finely: 훌륭하게, 아름답게,
정교하게, 미세하게, 잘게, 곱게,
가늘게, 멋지게, 세밀하게
fineness: 아름다움, 훌륭함, 우량,
섬세, 순수도, 섬세함, 예민함,
정교함, 순도, 정확함, 순수
finesse: 술책, 피네스, 교묘한 처리,
솜씨, 수완, 책략, 기교
finite: 정형의, 유한의, 제한된,
한정된
fir: 전나무, 그 재목, 소나무, 전나무
재목
fireplace: 벽난로
firmness: 견고, 견실, 단단함, 결의가
굳은, 확고 부동, 확고부동
fissure: 틈, 틈이 생기게 하다, 금,
갈라지다, 분할, 열구, 갈라진 틈,
찢어진 금, 갈라진 금, 쪼개진 틈,
터지게 되다
fitful: 발작적인, 단속적인, 변덕이
심한, 변하기 쉬운, 일정치 않은
fitfully: 발작적으로, 변덕스럽게
fitter: 조립공, 정비공, 장신구상인,
입혀서 맞추는 사람, 맞추는사람,
맞추는 사람, 장신구 장수, 옷 입혀
보는 사람, 여행용품 장수, 설비하는
사람
fixedly: 고정하여, 안정하여,
정착하여
flambeaux: 횃불, 장식용의 큰 촛대
flamingo: 홍학, 플라밍고
flaring: 나팔꽃 모양의, 현란한,
벌어진, 타오르는, 저속하고
번지르르한, 너울너울 타는, 활활
타는
flashing: 섬광, 막아둔 물, 막아놓은
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
물 번쩍이는, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는,
번쩍이는, 섬발, 번쩍번쩍 빛나다,
번쩍이다
flatness: 평탄, 평지, 음의 저하,
단조로움, 단호한 태도, 무미, 평면,
평면도, 평범, 불경기
flatter: 아첨하다, 알랑거리다, 기쁘게
하다, 실물보다 좋게 그리다,
우쭐케하다, 우쭐해지다, 즐겁게
하다, 실물 이상으로 좋게 나타내다,
우쭐하게 하다
fledged: 깃털이 다 난, 성인이 된, 다
자란, 날아갈 수 있을 만큼 성장한,
날 수 있게 된, 제 구실을 할 나이가
된, 깃털이 다 새 새끼를 기르는,
깃털이 다 날 때까지 기르는, 깃털이
다 나는, 깃털을 다는
flee: 도망하다, 사라지다, 질주하다,
달아나다, 도망치다, 급속히
경과하다, 서두르다, 급속히
지나가다
fleshy: 살의, 다육질의, 육질의, 살찐,
육욕의, 살집이 좋은, 뚱뚱한, 육체의
flickering: 깜박거리는, 꺼질 것 같은,
명멸하는
flippant: 주제넘은, 경박한
float: 띄우다, 뜨다, 뜨는 물건,
유통되다, 떨어져가다, 퍼지다,
표류하다, 세워지다, 흙손, 부유물,
부레
flock: 신도, 모이다, 무리짓다, 무리,
군중, 떼지어 오다, 떼, 털
부스러기를 채우다, 털솜부스러기,
한뭉치의 양털, 털뭉치
flooring: 바닥, 바닥깔기, 마루,
마루까는 재료, 바닥을 까는 재료,
마룻 바닥
florid: 화려한, 혈색이 좋은,
불그레한, 현란한, 불그스름한
flowing: 흐르는, 유창한, 늘어진,
미끈하게 머리, 물 흐르는 듯한,
미끈하게 처진, 조수가 밀려
들어오는, 넘치도록 많은
fluctuating: 변동이 있는, 동요하는,
오르내리는
fluently: 유창하게, 우아하게,
웅변으로, 완만하게, 거침없이
flurried: 혼란한, 당황한, 동요한
flush: 홍조, 흥분, 플러시, 평평하게
하다, 붉어지다, 왈칵흐름, 같은
높이의, 동일 평면의, 푸르르 날아
오르다, 평평하게, 잔뜩 가진
flux: 흐름, 밀물, 연속적인 변화,
용제, 유동, 설사시키다, 녹다,
변전하다, 융제로 처리하다,
이상유출, 흐르다
foam: 거품, 바다, 거품을 일게 하다,
거품을 내뿜다, 거품이 일다, 거품을
내뿜으며 화내다, 거품을 일으키며
흘러가다, 거품을 일으키며
흘러들다, 거품이 인 땀, 거품 이는
바다, 구슬땀을 흘리다
fob: 속이다, 바지의 시계 주머니,
바지의시계주머니, 시계줄, 시계
리본, 시계줄에 다는 조그마한
장식물, 시계끈, 시계 등을 넣는
조그마한 주머니, 본선 인도
folder: 접는 사람, 접지기, 접책, 접이
팜플릿, 종이 끼우개, 폴더, 접는
기구, 서류철로 쓰는 접지, 접을 수
있는 안경, 접는 광고지
folding: 접는, 접을 수 있는, 저게된
foliage: 잎, 잎장식, 잎 무늬 장식,
잎전부
fondness: 취미, 경신, 기호, 도타운
사랑, 자애, 좋아함, 귀여워함,
다정함, 맹목적 사랑
foothold: 발판, 거점, 고무 덧신,
고무 샌들, 근거지
footing: 지위, 발밑, 편제, 입장, 스텝
밟기, 확고한 지반, 정원, 발판, 합계,
관계, 기초
footstep: 발자국, 보폭, 걸음걸이,
발소리, 디딤대, 발자국 소리
footstool: 발받침, 발판, 발 올려 놓는
대
forbear: 억누르다, 참다, 삼가다,
그만두다, 조상, 억제하다
forbidding: 싫은, 인상 등이
험상궂은, 가까이하기 어려운, 장소,
험학한, 가격등 가까이하기 어려운,
무서운, 가까이 하기 어려운, 험악한
forcible: 강력한, 유효한, 강제적인,
설득력 있는, 억지로 시키는
forcibly: 강제적으로, 힘차게,
억지로, 힘으로, 강력하게
fore: 전면, 전방에-전방, 전방에,
기수에, 이 위험하다, 의 에, 앞쪽,
전방, 이물에, 앞 전방의, 앞 앞면의
foredoomed: 미리 운명을 정하는
foreground: 전경, 가장 두드러진
지위, 가장두드러진지위, 다중
프로그래밍, 다중 프로그래밍의,
전경의, 최전면, 최전면의
forenoon: 오전
foresail: 앞돛대, 큰돛, 앞돛
foresight: 심려, 전망, 선견지명이
있는, 선견지명, 선견, 장래에의
배려, 전도의 전망, 깊은 생각, 전시,
가늠쇠, 장래에의 대비
forfeit: 상실하다, 벌금, 몰수되다,
몰수물, 상실, 박탈, 몰수된, 상실한,
벌금 놀이
forgery: 위조, 위조 문서, 문서 위조,
위조 화폐, 위조 도장, 위조 작품
forgetfulness: 건망증, 태만, 소홀,
망각
forsaken: 버림받은, 고독한
 Edgar Allan Poe
forte: 장점, 칼 몸의 가장 강한 부분, frightful: 무서운, 추악한, 불쾌한,
장기, 강음자리, 강음의, 강하게, 아주 보기 싫은, 아주 보기 흉한,
특기, 강음 자리 지독한
forthwith: 즉시, 당장, 곧, 곧 frivolity: 천박, 하찮은 일, 경박,
실행해야할 명령, 곧장, 즉시로 경솔, 경솔한 언동, 쓸데없는 일
fortuitous: 우연의, 우연한, 뜻밖의 frivolous: 경박한, 하찮은, 시시한,
foul: 반칙, 엉클어진, 더럽히다, 천박한
더러운, 더러워지다, 반칙하다, fro: 이리저리, 저쪽에, 앞뒤로,
꽉막힌, 악취있는, 충돌하다, 반칙의, 저쪽으로
엉클어지다 frock: 작업복, 부인복, 성직자의 옷,
foulness: 부정, 불결, 악랄, 입이 프록을 입히다, 성직에 취임시키다,
상스러움, 불결물, 불결한것, 사나움, 성직자복, 드레스, 프록코트
입이 더러움, 불결한 것 froth: 거품, 시시한것, 거품을 뿜다,
fountain: 분수, 샘, 기름통, 원천, 거품을 일으키다, 쓸데없는얘기,
잉크 통, 분출하다, 쏘다 분수, 액체 쓸데없는 얘기, 거품을일으키다,
저장 용기 거품을 일게 하다, 거품을 내뿜다,
fowl: 가금, 새, 닭, 들새를 잡다, 공허
새고기, 엽조를 사냥하다 fruitful: 비옥한, 다산인, 열매가잘
fragrance: 방향, 향기로움 열리는, 열매가잘열리는, 이익이
fragrant: 상쾌한, 냄새가좋은, 냄새가 많은, 수확이 많은, 열매를 많이
좋은, 향기로운 맺는, 풍작을 가져오는
frail: 무른, 허약한, 유혹에 fruitless: 열매를 맺지 않는, 결실하지
빠지기쉬운, 한바구니 분, 성격이 않는, 보람없는, 효과 없는, 보람
약한, 골풀바구니, 성격이약한, 없는
유혹에 빠지기 쉬운, 덧없는 frustrate: 좌절시키다, 사람을
framed: 틀에 낀 실망시키다, 사람을실망시키다, 에게
frantic: 심히 흥분한, 미친, 광란의, 좌절감을 일으키게 하는, 에게
심히흥분한, 황급한, 굉장한, 미친 좌절감을 일으키게 하다, 을
사람 같은 방해하는, 을 방해하다, 좌절시키는
frantically: 극도로 흥분하여, 미친 frustrated: 실망한, 좌절감을 느낀
듯이, 몹시, 미俗 굉장히 fulfillment: 달성, 수행, 실행, 이행
fraternity: 동업자들, 형제간, 우애 fulfilment: 달성, 이행, 수행, 완료,
조합, 친목회, 협동 단체, 동호자들, 성취, 실행
남학생 사교 클럽, 우애회 fuller: 직물의 축융공, 축융공, 둥근
fray: 풀다, 해지다, 다툼, 닳아 빠지게 홈을 내는 연장, 둥근 홈을 내다,
하다, 문지르다, 떠들 썩 한 싸움, 천의 올을 배게하는 직공, 천의 올을
마모되다, 해어지다, 싸움, 풀리다, 배게 하는 직공
소모시키다 full-length: 등신대로
fraying: 닳아 해어짐, 닳아 해어진 것 functionary: 기능의, 직원, 관리
freeman: 자유민, 시민권등이 있는 funereal: 장례식의, 장례식다운,
공민, 시민권등이있는공민 슬픈, 장송의
frenchman: 프랑스인, 프랑스 말을 fungi: 갑자기 생기는 것, 진균류
쓰는 사람, 프랑스 선박, 프랑스 사람 fungus: 진균류, 갑자기 생기는 것,
frenzied: 열광한, 격앙한, 격노한, 균, 일시적 현상, 버섯
열광적인 funnel: 깔때기, 채광구멍, 통풍통,
frenzy: 격앙, 광란, 열광, 격앙시키다, 깔때기를 통과하다, 깔때기 모양이
격분, 광포 되다, 깔대기 모양이 되게 하다,
frescos: 프레스코 화법 집중하다, 굴뚝
fretted: 안달이 난, 기러기발이 있는, furiously: 미친듯이 노하여, 맹렬히
뇌문 무늬의, 부식된 furlong: 펄롱
friction: 마찰, 불화, 마찰의 furnace: 용광로, 시련, 화덕, 몹시
friendless: 친지가 없는, 벗이 없는, 더운 곳, 작열하는곳, 작열하는 곳,
친구가 없는 어려운 시련의 장소, 난방로, 노,
fright: 돌연한 공포, 우스운 사람, 아궁이
추악한사람, 추악한 사람, furnished: 가구 달린, 구색을 갖춘,
우스운사람, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 보기 재고량이 ...한
흉한 물건, 도깨비 같은 사람, 도깨비 furnishing: 복식품, 비치된 가구,
같은 물건, 공포, 보기 흉한 사람 가구의 설비, 가구
frightening: 놀라운, 무서운 furtherance: 조장, 촉진
279
fustian: 퍼스티언, 과장된, 퍼스티언
천의, 과대한, 야단스러운, 과장한
말, 퍼스티언 천
futile: 쓸데없는, 무용, 무익한짓,
속절없는, 효과 없는, 하찮은
futility: 무용, 무익한 짓
gable: 박공, 박풍, 박공 구조
gaily: 유쾌하게, 흥겹게, 야하게
gait: 보조, 걸음걸이, 걷는 모양,
걸음걸이를 조련하다, 심사원 에
걷게하다, 심사원 앞에 걷게 하다,
말의 보조
gale: 강풍, 큰바람, 흥분 상태, 환희,
폭소, 실바람, 버드소귀나무의 일종,
폭풍, 정기 지불금, 미풍, 광희
galling: 속타게하는, 울화 치미는,
못살게 괴롭히는 것, 못살게
괴롭히는
gallows: 교수대, 바지 멜빵, 교수형,
교수대 모양의 것
galvanic: 경련적인, 동전기의, 깜짝
놀라게하는, 깜짝놀라게하는, 갈바니
전기의, 직류 전기의
gambler: 노름꾼, 투기사, 도박꾼
gardening: 원예, 조원, 뜰 가꾸기,
조원술
gargantua: 가르강튀아
garment: 의복, 옷, 외피, 의복 한 점
garments: 옷
garret: 다락방, 머리, 제일윗층,
초라한 작은 방, 고미다락
gaseous: 기체의, 텅빈, 가스의, 가스
모양의, 가스상태의, 고허한, 믿은 수
없는, 속없는, 가스체의
gash: 깊이 갈라진 틈, 깊은 상처, 입,
찌꺼기, 여분의, 깊은 상처를 입히다,
깔끔한, 빈틈없는, 쓰레기, 에 깊은
상처를 입히다, 재치있는
gasp: 헐떡거리다, 숨이 막히다,
헐떡거리며 말하다, 헐떡거림, 숨참,
헐떡임, 열망하다, 숨막힘
gasping: 숨결이 가쁜, 경련하는,
헐떡거리는
gathers: 주름
gaudy: 야한, 값싸고 번지르르한,
교우대회, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는, 화려한,
향연, 지나치게 장식한, 저속한
gaunt: 무시무시한, 수척한, 여윈,
쓸쓸한
gauntlet: 긴 장갑, 태형, 혹평을 받다,
손가리개, 곤틀릿 궤도, 목이 긴 장갑
gelatinous: 아교질의, 젤라틴 모양의,
안정된, 젤라틴으로 된, 젤라틴에
관한, 젤라아교 모양의
generality: 대부분, 일반성, 보편성,
통칙, 개략, 일반적임, 과반수, 개론,
개설, 대다수, 일반적 진술
generalization: 종합, 개괄, 일반화,
보편화, 귀납적 결과, 통칙, 일반론,
 280
귀납, 개념
generic: 일반적인, 총칭적인, 속의,
상표 등록이 되어 있지 않은
genoese: 제노바 사람, 제노바의,
제노바 사람의
genteel: 점잖은 체하는, 품위 있는,
우아한, 현대적인, 멋진, 예의바른,
지체 높은, 가문이 좋은
gentlemanly: 신사적인, 예의바른,
점잖은, 신사다운, 교육 잘 받은,
예의바른 신사처럼
geographer: 지리학자
geometry: 기하학, 기하학책,
기하학서
geranium: 제라늄, 선홍색, 양아욱
germ: 세균, 싹틈, 발아하다, 배종,
어린싹, 병원균, 근원, 유아,
발아시키다, 생겨나다, 싹이 트다
gesticulation: 몸짓하기, 손짓, 몸짓,
몸짓으로 말하기, 손짓하기,
몸짓하기으로 말하기, 손짓하기으로
말하기
ghastly: 무시무시한, 지독한,
송장같은, 핼쑥한, 파랗게 질린,
무섭게, 무서운, 할쑥한, 심한,
무시무시하게
giddy: 현기증나는, 들뜬, 현기증
나게 하다, 눈이 빙빙 도는 듯한,
마음이 들뜬, 현기증 나는
gigantic: 거인 같은, 거대한
gilded: 금도금한, 화려한
gimlet: 나사송곳, 김렛, 에 목공
드릴로 구멍을 뚫다
gin: 진, 덫, 기중기, 씨아, 기중,
기중장치
glancing: 번쩍번쩍 빛나는, 넌지시
빗대는, 맞고 빗나가는, 번쩍이는,
번뜩이는
glare: 눈에 띄다, 번쩍이는 빛,
날카로운 눈씨, 노려 흘겨 보다,
눈부신 빛, 현란함, 얼어 붙은 얼음의
표면, 야함, 번쩍번쩍 빛나다,
현란하다, 눈을 부릅뜨고 나타나다
glaring: 눈부신, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는,
눈에 띄는, 명백한, 흘겨보는, 야한,
빤한, 현란한, 빤짝빤짝 빛나는,
쏘아보
glaringly: 눈부시게
glassy: 매끄러운, 흐린, 유리질의,
생기가 없는, 유리 모양의
gleam: 번득이다, 번적임, 희미한
징조, 희미하게 번쩍이다, 어렴풋한
빛, 번득임, 빛, 번쩍이다
glee: 환희, 유쾌, 합창곡, 기쁨, 삼부
또는 그 이상의 합창곡, 환회
glistening: 반짝이면서
glitter: 반짝반짝 빛나다, 반짝임,
광채, 화려, 반짝거림
glittering: 빛나는, 반짝이는
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
globe: 지구, 공, 지구의, 공 모양의
물건, 구체, 공 모양으로 하다, 공
모양의 것
gloomy: 어두운, 우울한, 음울한
gloriously: 멋지게, 빛나게, 훌륭히,
기분이 썩 좋게, 근사하게
glossy: 광택이 나는, 광택지에
그대로 인쇄된, 번질번질한, 미려한
고급 잡지, 모양좋은, 그럴 듯한,
광택있는, 그럴듯한, 미려한
고급잡지, 광윤이 나는
glove: 장갑, 글러브, 에 장갑을 끼다
glowing: 백열의, 홍조된, 샛빨간,
열렬한, 열심인, 적열하는, 백열하는
것, 백열하는, 적열하는 것
glutinous: 아교질의, 점착성의,
끈적끈적한
gnarled: 비꼬인, 비뚤어진,
마디투성이의, 울퉁불퉁한,
우락부락한, 곤란한, 마디가 많은,
혹투성이의
goblet: 받침 달린 컵, 고블릿
gondola: 곤돌라, 너벅선, 조롱, 조선,
차량이 낮은 무개 대형 화차
gondolier: 곤돌라의 사공, 곤돌라의
뱃사공
goodwill: 호의, 영업권, 단골, 동정
gore: 삼각형의 헝겊 조각, 응혈,
찌르다, 흘린피, 무를 달다, 꽂다, 무,
삼각형의 토지, 핏덩어리, 엄니로
받다, 에 이음천을 대다
gorge: 게걸스레 먹다, 불쾌, 골짜기,
좁은통로를 막는 물건, 삼킨 음식,
가득 채우다, 배불리 먹다, 대로를
막는 집적물, 목구멍, 불쾌함, 통로를
막는 집적물
gorgeous: 호화스러운, 화려한,
훌륭한
gorgeously: 굉장하게, 화려하게,
호화롭게, 찬란하게
gossamer: 가냘픈, 섬세한, 섬세한
물건, 얇은 천, 작은 거미의 집,
거미집, 얇은 사, 잔 거미줄 같은
graceful: 우미한, 우아한
gracefully: 우아하게, 얌전하게,
고상하게, 친절하게
gradation: 모음 전환, 등급 매기기,
순위, 순서, 단계, 변화, 바림,
점충법, 순서를 매김
gradations: 순서
grandeur: 장관, 위대, 화려, 장엄,
웅대, 성대, 고귀, 장려
granite: 화강암, 쑥돌
granulated: 거죽이 껄껄한, 과립
모양의, 낟알 모양의, 낟알로된,
낟알이 나서 도톨도톨한, 새살을
이룬
grapple: 맞붙어 싸우다, 격투,
붙잡다, 고정하다, 꽉 쥐다, 드잡이,
접전하다, 잡기, 완수하려고
노력하다, 잡다
grasping: 붙잡는, 쥐는, 잡는,
탐욕스러운, 구두쇠의, 남욕스러운
grated: 일반용의
gratification: 보수, 기쁨, 만족
시키는 것, 만족, 만족시키기 것,
만족시키는 것
gratified: 기뻐하는, 만족한
gratify: 기쁘게 하다, 만족 시키다,
기쁘게 해주다, 에게 사례금을 주다,
채우다, 에게 보수를 주다
grating: 삐걱거리는, 서로 갈리는,
격자, 귀에 거슬리는, 모든 연령층에
맞는 영화로 판정된 것, 창살
graven: 조각된, 감명 깊은, 마음에
새겨진, 새긴
graves: 포도주, 그라부산
graveyard: 묘지, 묘소
grieve: 괴롭히다, 괴로워하다,
슬퍼하다, 몹시 슬퍼하다, 가슴
아파하다, 농장 관리인, 마음
아파하다, 관리자, 슬픔에 잠기게
하다
grieved: 슬퍼하는, 슬픈
grievous: 슬픈, 비통한, 괴로운,
쓰라린, 심한, 애처로운, 괴롭게
하는, 한탄할 만한
groan: 신음하다, 그 소리,
괴로워하다, 으르렁거리다,
열망하다, 불평의 소리, 가 넘칠
정도로 많이 있다, 갈망하다,
신음하는 듯한 목소리로 말하다,
신음 소리, 삐걱거리는 소리
grope: 찾다, 더듬다, 암중모색하다,
암중모색 하다, 손으로 더듬다,
모색하다
groping: 암중 모색하는, 손으로
더듬는
grossly: 크게, 천하게, 뚱뚱하게,
거칠게
grotesque: 그로테스크풍, 터무니
없는, 우스운, 기괴한, 고딕체,
괴기미, 그로테스크 무늬의,
그로테스크풍의, 괴기한
grotesquerie: 기괴한 언동, 기괴한 것
grouping: 배치, 그룹, 그룹으로
나누기, 집단화, 모으는 일, 분류, 조
grovelling: 설설 기는, 넙죽
엎드리는, 굽실거리는
gruff: 거친, 난폭한, 쉰 목소리의,
거친 목소리의
grumble: 불평, 불평하다, 우르르
울리다, 울림, 투덜거리다, 넋두리,
투덜대다, 불평스럽게 말하다,
투덜거림
grunt: 불평의 소리, 꿀꿀 거리다,
해병대원, 보병, 꿀꿀 거리는 소리,
으르렁거리며 말하다, 툴툴 거리는
 Edgar Allan Poe 281
소리, 툴툴거리다, 꿀꿀거리다 창구, 승강구, 깨다, 꾸며지다, 한 배, 상속할 여자
guarded: 조심성 있는, 신중한, 아래짝 문 hellish: 가증한, 소름끼치는,
감시되어 있는, 방어되어 있는 hath: 직설법, 현재 지옥같은, 가증스런, 지옥과 같은
guarding: 망보는 것 haunt: 소굴, 출몰하다, 나오다, hem: 가선, 에워싸다, 두르다,
guile: 교활, 배신, 간교한 책략, 간지 자주가다, 마음에 붙어 다니다, 감치다, 에헴, 감침질, 경계, 헛기침,
gunning: 총사냥, 총렵, 사격 자주가는 장소, 에 자주 가다, 에헴 하고 소리내다, 헛기침 소리,
gunwale: 현연, 뱃전의 위 끝 나타나다, 끊임없이 출입하는 장소, 가선을 두르다
gush: 복받침, 과시, 용솟음, 자주 나타나다 hen: 암컷, 암닭, 암탉
분칠하다, 분출, 분출 하다, 용솟음쳐 haunted: 붙은, 고뇌에 시달린, henceforward: 차후, 이후, 금후
나오게 하다, 지껄여대다, 도깨비가 나오는, 유령이 나오는, herbage: 목초, 초본류, 방목권, 풀
흘러나오다 무엇에 흘린 herculean: 아주 어려운,
gust: 일진의 바람, 돌풍, 돌발, 격발 haunting: 출몰, 마음에서 떠나지 헤르쿨레스의, 장사의 힘을 요하는,
gusty: 사납게 불어대는 바람의, 기세 않는, 마음에서 떠나지 않는 자주 초인적인, 초인적인 힘을 필요로
좋은, 용기있는, 휘몰아치는, 용감한, 다니기, 잊혀지지 않는, 자주 다님, 하는, 헤라클레스의
맛있는, 기운찬, 돌풍의, 돌풍이 자주 자주 마음속에 떠오르는 herd: 군중, 몰아 모으다, 지키다,
부는, 터질 것 같이 활기 있는, hazel: 담갈색, 개암, 개암나무, 엷은 무리, 떼지어 모이다, 민중.목자,
바람이 거센 갈색의, 엷은 갈색, 개암나무의 목자, 민중, 떼를 짓다, 떼를 모으다,
guttural: 목구멍의, 후음, 후두음, headache: 두통, 두통거리 군중의
후두음문자 headlong: 거꾸로, 곧바로, 성급한, hereafter: 내세에서, 금후, 앞으로,
gyratory: 선회의, 선회운동을 하는 무모하게, 거꾸로의, 곤두박이의 이후
habiliments: 의복 headway: 전진, 천정 높이, 진척, hereditarily: 세습적으로, 유전으로,
habitual: 습관적인, 습관상의, 배의 속도, 간격 대대로, 유전적으로, 세습으로
평소의, 스관적인 healthily: 건강에 좋게, 건강하게, hereditary: 세습의, 유전의, 대대의,
habitually: 습관적으로, 스관적으로 건강하여 유전성의
hades: 저승, 명부, 황천, 지하계 hearken: 귀를 기울이다 herein: 여기에, 이런 까닭으로,
halcyon: 평온한, 평화스러운, 파도를 hearse: 영구차, 무덤, 관가, 대형 이속에
가라앉히는 새, 잔잔한, 쇠새와 같은, 촉대 heretofore: 이제 까지, 지금까지,
쇠새 heartily: 마음으로부터, 열의를 갖고, 현재 까지, 지금 까지, 이때까지
hale: 정정한, 잡아 끌다, 잡아당기다, 정중히, 매우, 배불리, 마음으로, hereupon: 여기에 있어서
근력이 좋은, 건장한 기운차게 hermit: 은자
handiwork: 짓, 수세공, 소행, 제작물 hearty: 친절한, 튼튼한, herod: 헤롯
handkerchief: 손수건 마음으로부터의, 배부른, 풍부한, heroine: 여걸, 여장부, 여주인공,
handmaiden: 시녀, 하녀, 보조적인 열심인, 원기왕성한 사람, 충분한, 열부, 반신녀, 여주 인공
것, 몸종 친구, 마음속으로부터의, 활기찬 hesitate: 주저하다, 망설이다
handwriting: 필적, 육필, 필사본 heated: 격한, 뜨거워진, 흥분, hesitation: 주저, 망설임
hangings: 거는 것 가열된, 흥분한 heterogeneous: 이종의, 잡다한,
hangman: 교수형 집행리, 교수형 heavenly: 하늘의, 천국 같은, 훌륭한, 이질의
집행인 천부의, 거룩한, 근사한, 타고난, hic: 딸꾹
harassed: 성가신 듯한, 초조한, 매우 천국의, 멋진, 천국과 같이 hickory: 호두과의 나무, 히코리 재목,
지친몹시 시달린 heaving: 올림, 끌어올림, 들어올림 일종의 면직물
harassing: 괴롭히는, 귀찮게 구는 hebrew: 이스라엘 말, 히브리말, hideous: 오싹해지는, 끔찍한,
hardening: 담금질, 경화, 불림, 히브리 사람, 헤브라이 사람, 무서운, 섬뜩한, 보기만 해도 무서운
경화제, 표면 경화, 단련 히브리서, 헤브라이어, 헤브라이 hideously: 소름 끼칠 만큼
harem: 후궁, 도장방, 하렘의 아내와 사람의, 알 수 없는 말, 고대 hideousness: 보기만 해도 무서움
첩들, 하렘 헤브라이어, 유대인 hilarity: 명랑, 환희
hark: 듣다, 경청하다 hectic: 소모열의, 결핵환자, hippopotami: 하마
harmless: 해없는, 악의 없는, 해가 열광적인, 소모열, 얼굴이 불그레한, hiss: 쉿하다, 쉬이하다, 쉭쉭하는
없는 몹시 흥분한, 소모성인, 흥분한 소리를 내면서 나타내다, 시하고
harp: 하프, 하프를 타다, 몇번이고 heel: 뒤축을 대다, 기울이다, 불만의 소리를 내다, 시이시이하는
되뇌다, 거문고자리, 수금, 뒤꿈치로 춤추다, 뒷발, 의 바로 뒤를 소리를 내면서 말하다,
되풀이해서 지껄이다 따르다, 바로 뒤따르다, 뒤꿈치, 시이시이하는 소리를 내면서
harshness: 비참함, 엄함, 거친 것 기울어지다, 굽, 경사, 비열한놈 나타내다, 시이시이 하기, 스음,
hasp: 걸쇠, 실타래, 방추, 고리 heighten: 높이다, 높아지다, 높게 슈웃하는 소리를 내다, 쉿하는
hast: 단수 하다, 증가시키다, 증대하다, 소리를 내다, 쉿하고 제지하다
haste: 서두름, 급속, 재촉하다, 고상하게 하다, 강화하다, hissing: 쉿소리 나기,
서두르다, 서두르게 하다, 성급, 급함 강화시키다 높아지다, 강화되다, 시이시이하기의 스음, 치찰음의,
hasten: 서두르다, 재촉하다, 증가하다, 과장하다 쉭쉭하기의 스음
서두르게 하다 heiress: 여자 상속인, 상당한 재산을 hither: 이쪽의, 여기로, 이리로,
hatch: 부화, 음영, 까다, 해치, 수문, 상속하는 여자, 상당한 재산을 여기에
 282 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
hoarsely: 목이 쉬어, 떠들석하게
hogshead: 액량단위, 큰통, 액량의
단위, 큰 통
hollow: 구멍, 우묵한 곳, 공허한,
골짜기, 거짓의, 도려내다, 속이
텅빈, 우묵 들어가다, 힘없는, 우묵
들어간, 공복의
homage: 존경, 복종, 신종의 예, 경의
homely: 검소한, 평범한, 수수한,
꾸밈없는, 가정의, 가정적인, 얼굴이
못생긴, 내집과 같은, 보기 흉한,
흔히 있는
honeysuckle: 인동덩굴, 인동덩굴의
무리
honor: 명예, 명성, 존경하다, 체면,
자존심, 훈장, 서훈, 고관, 인수하고
지불하다, 정절, 작위
hopeless: 가망없는, 절감의,
희망없는, 희망을 잃은, 쓸모없는
horizontally: 가로로, 수평으로,
지평으로
horns: 어느 한 쪽
horrid: 무서운, 지독한
horridly: 무시무시하게
horseback: 말의 등, 말등, 말을 타고
hotly: 뜨겁게, 열심히, 열렬히, 몹시,
흥분하여, 맹렬히, 매우 성을 내어,
골나서, 노기를 띠고
hound: 사냥개, 열중하는 사람,
맹렬히 쫓다, 비열한자, 사냥개로
사냥하다, 비열한 사나이, 개
hourly: 빈번히, 한 시간마다, 빈번한,
한 시간마다의
houseless: 집 없는, 집이 없는
hover: 방황하다, 하늘에 날다,
배회하다, 주저하다, 어정거리다,
공중을 맴돌다
hovering: 공중 정지, 호버링
howl: 멀리서 짖다, 울부짖으며
말하다, 윙윙 휘몰아 치다, 짖다,
짖음, 큰 소리를 내다, 호통쳐서
침묵시키다, 멀리서 짖는 소리, 악을
쓰며 말하다
howling: 쓸쓸한, 울부짖는, 터무니
없는, 대단한, 터무니없는, 짖는
hudson: 뉴욕주를 흐르는 강, 허드슨
강 ignorant: 무식한, 을 모르는,
hue: 색조, 빛깔, 색상, 고함,
외침소리, 비난의 소리, 색채,
고함소리, 특색
hum: 콧노래를 부르다, 우물우물
말하다, 윙울리다, 윙윙하다, 경기가
좋다, 나쁜 냄새가 나다, 입속에서
우물거리다, 윙윙거리다
humble: 겸손한, 검소한, 천하게
하다, 창피를 주다, 욕을 보이다,
비천한, 낮추는, 천한, 경멸하다
humming: 활발한, 콧노래, 번성하는,
씽씽한, 붕붕하는, 거품 이는,
붕붕거리는, 소리를 내는
humor: 해학, 기질, 만족시키다,
기분, 유머, 심기, 잘 다루다,
일시적인 기분, 익살, 유우머, 우스개
hurl: 퍼붓다, 내던지다, 내던짐,
던지다, 세게 던지기, 차로 운반하다
hurricane: 폭풍, 열대의 구풍, 폭팔,
허리케인 전투기, 격렬
hurriedly: 매우 급히, 서둘러서
hushed: 고요한, 조용해진
husky: 쉰 목소리의, 허스키,
에스키모 개, 억센, 실팍한 사람,
실팍진, 깍지의, 건조하다, 겉껍질의,
껍질의, 에스키모 개의
hyacinth: 보라색, 풍신자석,
히아신스
hydrangea: 수국
hypochondriac: 우울증의
우울증환자, 히포콘드리증의,
심기증의
hypocritical: 위선의, 위선적인
hysteria: 히스테리, 병적흥분
hysterical: 히스테리의, 병적으로
흥분한
ichor: 농장, 영액, 이코르, 피와같은
액체, 신의 몸안에 혈액처럼
흐른다는 영액, 아이코어, 신들의
맥관 속을 흐르는 영액
iciness: 싸늘함, 냉담한, 얼음 같은
차가움, 냉담
icy: 얼음의, 얼음 같은, 냉담한,
얼음이 찬, 얼음이 많은, 쌀쌀한,
얼음으로 덮인
ideality: 관념성, 상상력, 이상적임
idiosyncrasy: 특질, 특이 체질,
특이성, 성벽
idiosyncratic: 특질의, 특이질의,
특유한
idiot: 백치, 바보, 천치, 얼간이, 병신
idiotic: 백치의, 바보의
idle: 한가한, 일이 없는, 활용되지
않고 있는, 쓸모 없는, 무용의, 까닭
없는, 태만한, 쉬고 있는, 놀고
보내다, 공전하다, 게으름 피우다
idleness: 무위, 게으름, 태만,
놀고지냄
무지몽매한, 무지에서 비롯되는,
무지한
ill-fated: 불운한
illimitable: 무한의, 무한한, 광대한,
끝없는
ill-mannered: 버릇없는
ill-natured: 심술궂은
illuminating: 조명하는, 비추는,
밝히는, 계몽적인
illustrious: 유명한, 저명한, 현저한,
찬란한, 빛나는, 혁혁한
imaginary: 상상의, 가공의어떤
사물이 상상으로서만 존재하는,
비현실적이어서 신용할수 없는,
허수, 상상상의, 허수의
imbecile: 우둔, 저능, 허약한, 매우
어리석은, 치우, 저능자, 저능한
imbue: 고취하다, 배게 하다불어
넣다, 불어넣다, 듬뿍스며 들게 하다,
물들이다, 침투시키다, 에 스며들게
하다, 에 불어넣다, 더럽히다
imitate: 모방하다, 흉내내다,
모조하다, 모범으로 삼다, 본받다,
모사하다, 위조하다
imitated: 본뜬, 모조의 가짜의,
모방된, 흉내내어진
imitation: 모방, 모조품, 모사, 흉내,
인조, 위조품, 비슷하게 만든 것,
모조, 모방모조, 가짜, 모방작법
immaterial: 비물질적인, 무형의,
정신상의, 중요하지 않은, 중요치
않은, 영적인중요치 않은, 영적인,
보잘것없는, 하찮은, 실체없는,
물질이 아닌
immateriality: 비물질성, 비실체성,
비중요성, 비물질적인것, 실체없는,
중요하지 않음
immature: 미숙한, 미완성의,
유년기의, 생경한
immeasurably: 한없이, 끝없이, 잴수
없을 정도로
immensely: 막대하게, 무한히,
광대하게
immensity: 무한한 공간, 광대,
광대함
immersed: 열중해서, 잠긴, 물속에서
자라는
immolation: 제물로 바침, 희생,
제물, 제물이 됨, 신에게 바치기
위하여 죽이다, 희생하다
immortal: 영원한, 신의, 죽지 않는,
불후의, 불사의, 죽지 않느 사람,
불후의 명성이 있는 사람, 불멸의
불후의, 죽지않는 사람, 불멸의,
명성이 사라지지 않는 사람
immortality: 불사, 불후, 불멸,
불후의 명성, 영속성, 영원한 생명
imp: 보강하다, 개구쟁이, 악마의
새끼, 마귀 새끼, 왈패아이,
꼬마도깨비장난꾸러기, 꼬마 악마,
깃을 덧붙여주다, 꼬마 도깨비
impaired: 장애가 있는, 떨어뜨리는
impart: 전하다, 곁들이다, 나눠
주다덧붙이다, 말해버리다, 알리다,
주다, 첨가하다, 나누어주다
impatience: 조바심, 성급함, 초조,
견딜 수 없음, 참을수 없는일, 조급,
안달, 성급
impatient: 성마른, 안달하는, 참을수
없는, 갈망하는몹시기다려지는, 못
견디는, 성급한, 안절부절 못하는,
 Edgar Allan Poe
조바심하는, 참을성없는, 탐나서 않은, 있을 성싶지 않은
못견디는 improvised: 즉석에서 지은, 즉흥의
impede: 방해하다, 저해하다 impudent: 뻔뻔스러운, 건방진,
impediment: 장애, 언어 장애, 염치없는
말더듬이, 방해, 신체장애, 고장, impulse: 충격, 충동, 자극, 추진,
수하물, 방해물 변덕, 충격량, 역적, 고무, 일시적
impediments: 방해물, 수하물 감정순간력, 욕구
impenetrable: 헤아릴 수 없는, impulsion: 충동, 자극, 추진,
불가입성의, 무감각한, 꿰뚫을 수 순간적인 동기, 원동력, 충격
없는, 불가해의, 불가해한, 완고한, impunity: 형을 받지 않음, 형,
물들지 않는, 고집스러운, 동요되지 처벌되지 않음, 을 받지 않음,
않는, 둔한 무사히, 무벌, 벌을 받지 않음, 해를
imperatively: 피할 수 없는, 긴급한, 받지 않음
명령, 명령법, 엄연한, 명령적인 impurity: 불결, 음란, 불순물, 불순,
imperceptible: 눈에 보이지 않는, 외설불순물, 혼합물
미세한, 점차적인, 알아챌수 없을 inaccessible: 접근하기 어려운,
만큼의, 알수없는, 근소한, 관찰할 수 친해지기 어려운, 움직여 지지 않는,
없는, 경미한, 지각할수 없는 얻기 힘든, 얻기, 도달하기, 난해한,
imperceptibly: 관찰할 수 없는, 가까이 가기, 어려운, 가까이하기
근소한, 점차적인 어려운
imperfect: 미완료의, 불완전한, inaccuracy: 부정확한, 정밀하지 않음,
불충분한, 결점이 있는, 미완료 시제, 틀림, 잘못, 잘못이 있는, 부정확
미완료시제, 반과거의, 미완성의 inaccurate: 부정확한, 정밀하지 않은,
imperfection: 불완전, 결점, 결함 잘못이 있는
imperious: 긴급한, 전제적인, inanimate: 생명없는, 생명이 없는,
거만한, 필수의, 피할수 없는, 활기가 없는
중대한, 오만한, 건강진 inanition: 공허, 영양실조, 기아
imperiously: 긴급하게, 오만하게, inapplicable: 응용할 수 없는,
전제적으로, 절박하게 부적당한, 들어 맞지 않는, 적용할 수
imperiousness: 전제적인, 건강진, 없는
긴급한 inapprehension: 몰이해, 불가해
impertinent: 건방진, 무례한, inaudibly: 알아들을 수 없는
주제넘은, 당치 않은, 무관계한, incarnate: 육체를 갖춘, 육체를
부적당한, 적절하지 못한, 적절하지 부여하다, 구체화한, 화신의,
않은 구체화하다, 사람 모습을 한, 사람의
impetuosity: 격렬, 성급함, 성급한 모습을 한, 성육한, 육체를 입은, 의
언동 화신이 되다, 구현시키다
impetuous: 격렬한, 맹렬한, 열렬한, incarnation: 구체화, 화신, 권화,
성급한, 충동적인, 성급함 실현, 육신을 입으심, 육아발생,
impetuously: 맹렬한, 성급한, 격렬한 육체를 부여함, 인간화, 육체를
implicitly: 필연적으로 호함되어 부여하기, 강생
있는, 목계적인, 암암리의, 절대의, incipient: 초기의, 시작의, 발단의,
절대적으로 시초의
implore: 간청하다, 애원하다, incision: 베기, 베다, 새기기, 새기다,
탄원하다 절개, 조각하다, 파기, 째기, 짼데,
importunate: 귀찮은, 성가신, 결각렬, 자르기
귀찮은조르는, 끈덕진, 끈질긴 inclination: 경향, 기울기, 경사,
impossibility: 불가능성, 불가능한 경각, 경도, 성향, 기울이기, 의향,
일, 불가능 숙임, 사면, 비탈
impostor: 사기꾼, 남의 이름을 inclusive: 일체를 포함한, 함께
사칭하는 자, 사칭자 계산하여, 함께 넣어, 포함하여,
imposture: 사기, 협잡, 사기행위 모든것을넣은, 을 포함하여, 모든
impress: 날인, 감동시키다, 흔적, 것을 포함한, 포함한, 모든 것을
징발하다, 인용하다, 특징, 찍다, 넣은, 계산에 넣어서
징집하다, 누르다, 감명, 감명을 주다 incoherence: 조리가 서지 않음, 지리
imprisoned: 교도소에 집어 넣은 멸렬, 조리가 맞지 않는, 모순된
improbable: 참말 같지 않은, 정말 생각, 논리가 맞지 않음, 지리 멸렬의
같지 않은, 일어날 듯하지 않은, incoherent: 점착력이없는, 흐트러진,
일어날 법하지 않은, 일어날 성싶지 지리 멸렬의, 조리가 서지 않는,
283
조리가 맞지 않는, 모순된, 논리가
일관되지 않는, 일관되지 않은
incomparably: 비교할 수 없는,
빼어나게, 비교가 안될 정도로, 견줄
나위 없는
incomprehensible: 무한한,
불가해한, 무한한것, 이해할 수 없는,
이해할수 없는
inconceivable: 상상도 할 수 없는,
상상 할 수도, 믿을수 없는, 상상할
수도 없는, 상상할 수 없는, 인지를
초월한, 터무니없는, 믿어지지 않는
inconceivably: 상상도 할 수 없는,
믿어지지 않는
incongruous: 조화되지 않는,
부조리한, 어울리지 않은, 동닿지
않은, 모순된, 부적당한
inconsequential: 하찮은, 논리에
맞지 않는, 이치에 맞지 않는,
대수롭지 않은
inconsiderable: 사소한, 중요치 않은,
하찮은, 중요하지 않은
inconsiderately: 무분별한, 동정심
없는
inconsistency: 불일치, 모순, 무정견,
모순된사물, 주견없은
inconsistent: 일치하지 않는,
조화되지 않는, 주견이 없는,
절조없는, 정견이 없는,
조화되지않는, 모순된, 양립하지
않는, 변덕스러운, 모순되는, 모순이
많은
incontrovertible: 논쟁의 여지가
없는, 명백한, 다툴 나위 없는,
의논의여지가 없는, 논쟁의여지가
없는
inconveniently: 부자유스럽게,
불편하게, 불편한, 형편이 나쁜
incubus: 가위, 악몽, 몽마, 부담,
압박하는 것, 마음의 부담을 주는 것,
마음의 부담을 주는 사람, 악마
incumbent: 기대는, 현직의, 현직자,
성직자, 재직 목사, 소유자,
의지하는, 의무로써 지워지는,
의무로서 지워지는, 쑥내밀고 있는,
수록
indebted: 부채가 있는, 빚이 있는,
신세를 진, 은혜를 입은
indecent: 버릇없는, 점잖지 못한,
꼴사나운, 상스러운, 음란한, 천한,
추잡한, 꼴불견의, 부적당한
indecision: 우유부단, 우유 부단
indefinite: 부정의, 명확하지 않은,
막연한, 애매한, 일정하지 않은, 한계
없는, 일정치 않은, 불명료한, 한계가
없는
indemnity: 배상금, 보장, 배상,
형벌의 면제, 손해 배상, 사면,
보장이 되는것, 변상, 면책, 보상금
 284
indented: 톱니 모양으로 된, 톱니
자국이 있는, 들쭉날쭉한, 기한부,
도제로들어간, 톱니 모양의,
들쭉날쭉, 기한부 도제 살이로
들어간
indenture: 계약서, 증서, 새김눈을
붙임, 톱니자국, 톱니모양으로 만듦,
기한부 도제로 넣다, 기한부
고용살이로 보내다, 기한부
고용살이 계약서, 계약서로써
정하다, 도제계약 문서, 톱니 자국을
내기
indescribable: 형언할 수 없는,
막연한
indeterminate: 막연한, 불확정의,
불확정한, 부정의
indicative: 직설법의, 표시하는,
지시하는, 암시하는, 직설법
indignant: 분개한, 성난
indignation: 분개, 의분, 분
indigo: 인도쪽, 남쪽빛, 쪽,
인디고남색 쪽빛, 남빛
indiscretion: 무분별, 비밀누설,
지각없음, 무분별한 행위, 근신하지
않는 행위, 경솔한 언동, 무분별의
indistinct: 불명료한, 흐릿한, 희미한,
뚜렷하지 않은
indistinctly: 불명료한, 불명료하게
indite: 짓다, 쓰다
individuality: 개성, 특성, 개체,
인격, 개인, 특질, 단일체, 개체성,
개인적 특성
indivisible: 분할할 수 없는,
불가분의, 극소량, 극미분자, 나눌수
없는, 나뉘어 떨어지지 않는,
분할할수 없는것, 분할할 수 없는 것,
나눌 수 없는
indubitably: 명백하게, 확실하게
induced: 인공적으로 출산시키는,
인공분만을 하는, 유도하는,
야기하는, 인공적으로 일으키는,
권유하는, 귀납하는
induction: 취임식, 유도, 귀납법,
귀납, 서론, 징병, 전제, 머리말,
도입, 모병, 유도감응
indulge: 빠지다, 탐닉하다,
지불유예를 주다, 실컷 마시다,
어하다, 마음대로 하게하다, 술을
많이 마시다, 버릇없이 가르다,
만족시키다, 대사를 베풀다,
기쁘게하다
indwelling: 내재하다, 내재하는 것,
내재하는
inexperience: 무경험, 미숙, 서투름,
세상을 모름
inexplicable: 설명할 수 없는,
불가해한, 납득이 안 가는, 해석할 수
없는
inexpressible: 말로 표현할 수 없는,
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
양복바지, 이루 말할수없는, 바지
inexpressibly: 말로 나타낼 수 없게,
표현하기 어려울 정도로, 대단히,
말하기 어렵게
infallible: 반드시 일어나는, 절대
확실한, 오류가 없는, 전혀 오류가
없는, 전혀 잘못이 없는, 절대적으로
확실한, 틀리는 일이 없는, 전혀
틀림이 없는
infamy: 불명예, 오명, 악평,
파렴치한 행위, 추행, 비행,
파렴치죄에 의한 공민권상실
infancy: 초기, 유년, 미성년, 유소,
요람기, 유아, 미성년에, 초기에,
유년시대
infatuation: 심취, 열중케 하는 것,
열중케 함, 열중하게 하는것, 정신을
잃게, 흘림, 열중하게 하기
infected: 병균을 혼입하는, 병독을
혼입하는, 영향을 미치는, 감염되는,
물들게 하, 물들이는
inferior: 하위의, 하급자, 손아랫사람,
후배, 하등의, 열등한 사람, 하급품,
하급의, 이하위의, 열등한, 밑에 붙은
infernal: 지옥의, 지독한, 명부의,
악마와 같은, 지긋지긋한, 악마 같은,
악독한, 무도한, 비인간적인
inferno: 지옥, 지옥같은 광경, 지옥편
infest: 해치다, 들끊다, 창궐하다,
엄습하다, 만연하다, 횡행하다,
노략질하다, 꾀다, 몰려들다
infinitely: 지독히, 훨씬, 무한히,
무한의, 몹시, 막대한, 대단히, 무한
infinitude: 무수한, 무한, 무궁,
무한한, 무한한 수량
infinity: 무한대, 무한, 무수, 무한히
infirmity: 허약, 약점, 병약, 병, 결점,
연약, 질병, 질환, 결함
inflamed: 염증을 일으킨, 충혈한,
얼굴이 빨개진, 흥분한
inflict: 가하다, 과하다, 주다,
괴롭히다, 짊어지우다
informing: 유익한, 교육적인
ingenious: 교묘한, 독창적인, 영리한,
재간 있는, 정교한, 창의력이 있는,
재주가 있는, 있는
ingenuity: 발명의 재간, 정교,
교묘함, 재주, 발명의재주, 독창력,
교묘, 고안력, 발명의 재질
ingrain: 깊이 베어든, 실에 물들인,
섬유에 물들인, 짜기 전에 염색한,
짜기 전에 염색한 융단, 짜기 전에
염색하다, 원료 염색한 털실,
스며들게하다, 섬유, 뿌리깊은, 깊이
뿌리 박히게 하다
ingress: 입장권, 들어감, 입구, 입장,
진입, 침입, 입장의 자유, 들어가기,
들어가는 수단
inhabit: 에 살다, 거주하다, 살다, 에
존재하다, 에 깃들다
inhabited: 사람이 살고 있는
inhale: 흡입하다, 빨아들이다,
담배연기를 폐까지 들이마시다,
들이쉬다
inhuman: 몰인정한, 비인간적인,
초인적인, 잔학한, 냉혹한, 잔인한
inhumation: 매장, 토장, 매장토장
inimitable: 흉내낼 수 없는, 다시
없는, 추종을 불허하는
injure: 해치다, 상처를 입히다,
다치게 하다, 부상시키다, 손상하다,
손해를 주다, 손상시키다, 상처나게
하다
inky: 잉크같은, 잉크의, 새까만, 잉크
묻은, 새카만, 잉크로 표를 한,
잉크묻은, 더러워진, 잉크로 표시를
한
inmost: 맨 안쪽의, 가장 깊은, 마음
깊은곳의, 깊이 간직한, 마음 깊이
간직한, 내심의, 가장 깊숙한 곳의,
가장 깊은속의
innate: 타고난, 선천적인, 본질적인,
고유의, 본유적인, 천부의
innermost: 맨 안쪽의, 가장 깊숙한
곳, 가장 깊은 속의
innumerable: 무수한, 셀수 없는,
이루 셀 수 없는
inordinate: 과도한, 무절제한,
지나친, 난폭한
inorganic: 생활 기능이 없는, 무기의,
무생물의, 무기성의, 유기조직이
없는, 비유기적인, 유기 조직이 없는
inquire: 문의하다, 묻다, 조사하다,
질문하다
inquiring: 알고 싶어 하는, 묻고 싶은
듯한, 묻는, 미심쩍은, 미심쩍은
듯한, 알고 싶어하는, 호기심에찬,
캐묻기 좋아하는, 탐구적인
inquisition: 조사, 심리, 심문,
종교재판, 종교재판소, 종교 재판소,
종교 재판
inquisitive: 캐묻기 좋아하는, 알고자
하는, 물어보고 싶어하는, 호기심이
강한, 호기심이 많은, 알고싶어하는
inquisitorial: 심문자의, 캐묻기
좋아하는, 종교 배판관의, 엄하게
심문하는, 조사자 같은, 조사자의,
조사자, 심문자 같은, 심문자
inscrutability: 불가사의, 불가해,
측량할 수 없음, 헤아릴수 없음,
불가사의한것, 헤아릴 수 없음
inscrutable: 불가사의한, 알 수 없는,
수수께끼같은, 불가해한, 헤아릴수
없는, 헤아릴 수 없는
insensibility: 태연, 무신경, 무감각,
인사불성, 무의식, 둔감, 냉담
insensible: 무감각한, 의식이 없는,
인사 불성의, 무관심한, 알아채리

못할 정도로, 인사불성의, 감지할수
없는, 무신경의, 아주 적은, 감수성
없는, 무신경인
inseparable: 분리할 수 없는, 친구,
나눌수없는, 떨어지기 어려운것,
떨어질수 없는, 나눌 수 없는
insert: 삽입물, 끼워넣다, 삽입하다,
삽입자막, 삽입광고, 삽입 페이지,
삽입 자막, 끼우다, 게재하다,
써넣다, 삽입
inserted: 부착된, 끼워넣은, 착생한
insipid: 맛없는, 재미없는, 풍미가
없는, 김빠진, 무미건조한
insipidity: 김빠진, 맛없는, 재미없는,
평범, 맛없음, 무미건조, 평범한말,
무미
insoluble: 해결할 수 없는, 녹지
않는, 불용해성의, 용해되지 않는,
풀수없는
inspire: 고무하다, 시사하다,
불어넣다, 영감을 주다, 숨을 들이
쉬다, 숨을 들이쉬다, 일어나게하다,
빨아들이다, 지시를 주다, 고취하다,
감격시키다
instability: 불안정, 변덕, 변하기
쉬움, 불안정성
instantaneous: 동시에 일어나는,
순간의, 도시적, 그순간의, 즉석의,
즉시의, 즉시일어나는
instigation: 선동, 자극, 유인, 교사
instinctive: 본능적인, 천성의,
직관적인
instinctively: 직관적으로,
본능적으로, 천성의, 본능적인
instrumentality: 수단, 도움,
대행기관, 방편
insufferable: 참을 수 없는, 비위에
거슬리는
insufferably: 견딜수 없도록, 참을수
없이
insulated: 절연된, 격리된
insulation: 격리, 절연, 고립, 단열재,
절연체, 뚱딴지
insult: 모욕하다, 모욕, 모욕적 언동,
무례, 손상, 에게 무례한 짓을 하다,
욕보이다
insulting: 모욕적인, 무례한, 모욕의
insultingly: 모욕적인
insuperable: 이겨내기 어려운,
무적의, 극복할 수 없는
insure: 보증하다, 보험에 들다,
확실하게 하다, 보험에 가입하다,
지키다, 의 보험을 맡다, 을 방지할
수단을 강구하다, 안전하게하다,
보험을 걸다, 보증이되다, 보험
증서를 발행하다
insurmountable: 넘을 수 없는,
능가할수 없는, 이겨내기 어려운,
극복할 수 없는
Edgar Allan Poe
intellect: 지력, 지식인, 지성, 식자,
예지, 이지, 지식인들
intellects: 지력
intellectually: 지력으로
intelligible: 지성만으로 알수 있는,
알기쉬 운, 알기쉬운, 이해할수 있는,
이해할 수 있는, 명료한, 지성적인
intemperance: 무절제, 방종, 과도,
무절제한, 폭음하는, 혹독한,
폭음대주
intemperate: 무절제한, 폭음하는,
절제하지 않는, 사나운, 음주에
빠지는, 술에빠지는, 험악한, 혹독한,
과도한, 혹심한
intending: 미래의.지망하는
intently: 골똘하게, 여념이 없는,
여념이 없이, 오로지, 지심의,
집중되어 있는
interiorly: 내밀하게, 내부적으로,
정신적으로
interleaf: 책갈피에 삽입한 백지,
속지, 삽입지, 간지
intermedium: 중개물, 중간물,
매개물
interment: 매장, 토장
interruption: 중단, 방해, 가로막음,
중절, 불통
intimacy: 친밀, 친교, 정교, 밀통,
간통, 친밀함을 나타내는 행위, 불의
intimately: 친밀히, 친밀하게,
충심으로, 직접적으로, 상세하게,
내심으로
intolerable: 견딜 수 없는, 과도한,
참을수 없는, 애타는, 약오르는
intolerably: 참을수 없이, 극히,
견디지 못하게
intonation: 영창, 인토네이션, 억양,
인토내이션, 음의 정조법, 읊음,
옳음, 첫악구, 소리의 억약, 어조,
음창
intoxicated: 취하다, 흥분한, 술취한,
도취된
intoxication: 취함, 중독, 열중, 흥분,
도취
intricate: 복잡한난해한, 얽힌,
복잡한, 뒤얽힌, 뒤섞인
intriguant: 술책가
intrigue: 밀통, 음모, 음모를 꾸미다,
밀통하다, 의 호기심을 돋우다,
달성하다, 의 흥미를 돋구다, 술책을
쓰다, 손에 넣다, 불의, 의 흥미를
돋우다
intriguing: 흥미를 자아내는, 음모를
꾸미는, 호기심을 자극하는,
호기심을 돋우는, 흥미를 돋우는
intrinsic: 본질적인, 고유의, 실제의,
내재하는, 본래 갖추어진
intruder: 침입자, 난입자, 방해자,
침입기, 비행기
285
intrusion: 침입, 방해, 강요, 관입,
교도의 동의 없는 목사 임명, 침해,
점유 횡령
intuition: 직각, 직관, 직관적 통찰
invalid: 병약한, 병약자, 병자,
무효의, 병약자 취급을 받다,
병약하게 되다, 병약자로서
면제하다, 병약하게 하다, 상병으로
현역에서 제대하다, 상이 군인
명부에 기입하다, 허약한
invariable: 불변의, 상수, 변화하지
않는, 상수의, 불변량, 변화없는,
변치 않는 것, 일정한
inversion: 역, 도치, 도치법, 동성애,
역위, 반전, 반대, 성도착, 여환법,
전화, 전회
inverted: 동성애의, 반대의, 반전된,
성도착의, 역으로 한, 역의, 성욕
도착의
investiture: 부여, 서임, 수여, 옷,
옷을 입힘, 입힘
inviolate: 침범되지 않은, 더럽혀지지
않은, 신성한, 모독되지 않은
involuntarily: 저도 모르게,
부지불식간에, 마지못해, 본의
아니면서, 본의 아니게
inward: 내적인, 안으로, 내장, 내부,
내부의, 낮은, 창자, 안의, 내심,
마음의, 수입의
ionia: 이오니아
iota: 그리스어 알파벳의 아홉째 글자,
이오타, 미소
iris: 홍채, 붓꽃, 이리스, 참붓꽃속의,
훈색의 석영, 여자 이름, 붓꽃속의
식물, 무지개 여신, 무지개,
아이리스, 무지개 빛
irreclaimable: 돌이킬 수 없는,
개간할 수 없는, 교정할 수 없는,
메울수 없는, 회복할 수 없는
irrecoverable: 돌이킬 수 없는,
회복할 수 없는, 회복하기 어려운
irredeemable: 되살 수 없는, 불치의,
불환의 무상환공채, 정시상환채권,
불환의, 무상환의, 등이 상환되지
않는, 교정할수 없는, 구제하기
어려운, 상환되지 않는
irreducible: 줄일 수 없는, 뜻하는
상태로 만들수 없는, 감할 수 없는,
정복불능의, 바꿀 수 없는, 돌이킬 수
없는, 돌릴수 없는
irregular: 불규칙한, 변칙적인,
반칙의, 고르지않은, 갖추지 못한,
고르지 못한, 비정규군, 규격에 맞지
않는 상품, 규율없는, 규율이 없는,
난잡한
irregularity: 불규칙, 불규칙적인 것,
울퉁불퉁함, 변칙, 불규칙적인 일
irregularly: 불규칙하게,
비정규적으로, 불규칙적으로,
 286
부정기적으로, 고르지 않게
irreparably: 고칠 수 없게
irrepressible: 억제할수 없는 사람,
견딜수 없는, 억압할수없는, 억제할
수 없는, 누를 수 없는, 제어할 수
없는
irresistible: 저항할 수 없는,
불문곡직의, 좋다 할수없는, 제어할
수 없는, 억누를수 없는, 사람을
녹이는싫다, 누를 수 없는, 꼼짝
못하게 하는
irresistibly: 저항할 수 없는, 제어할
수 없는, 불문곡직의
irresolution: 우유 부단한, 결단력
없는, 결단성이 없음
irreverence: 불손, 불손한 언행,
비례의, 불경한, 불경
irrevocable: 되부를 수 없는, 취소할
수 없는, 변경할 수 없는
irritability: 성급함, 화를 잘냄,
흥분성, 자극, 성미가 급함, 민감함,
성을 잘냄
irritable: 성마른, 민감한, 과민한,
염증을 잘 일으키는, 화를 잘내는,
흥분성의, 자극 반응력이 있는,
안달하는, 반응하는, 성 잘 내는,
성을 잘내는
irritate: 자극하다, 화나게 하다,
초조하게 만들다, 염증을 일으키다,
짜증나게하다, 무효로 하다, 염증을
일으키게 하다, 안달하게하다,
무효로하다, 노하게 하다,
실효시키다
irritated: 따끔따끔한, 신경질이 난,
자극받은, 염증을 일으킨
irritation: 자극, 염증, 성남, 아픔,
짜증, 화냄, 짜증나게 함, 화,
자극하는것, 짜증나는것, 성나게 함
islet: 작은섬, 작은 섬, 작은 섬과
비슷한 것
ivy: 담쟁이 덩굴, 학원의, 학구적인,
순학리적인, 담쟁이로 장식하다,
여자 이름, 대학의 이름, 담쟁이덩굴,
담쟁이
jacobin: 자코뱅 당원, 과격파의 사람,
도미니코회의 수도사, 자코뱅종
잡비둘기
jaconet: 엷은 흰 무명, 한 쪽을 윤낸
염색한 무명
jagged: 톱니 모양의, 들쭉날쭉하게
된, 들쭉날쭉한, 이상하게 된, 바위
따위의 톱니와 같은, 톱니와 같은
jarring: 충돌, 귀에 거슬리는
삐걱거림, 삐걱거리는, 알력, 부조화,
삐걱거림
jasmine: 재스민 속, 재스민속의
식물, 재스민 향, 재스민 향수, 여자
이름
jaws: 입 부분, 좁다란 입구
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
jehovah: 여호와
jeopardize: 위태롭게 하다, 위험에
빠뜨리다
jerk: 바보, 휙 던지다, 갑자기 밀다,
홱 당기다, 포육으로 만들다, 포육,
경련, 쿡 찌르다, 꽉 비틀다,
내뱉듯이 말하다, 멍청이
jest: 웃음거리, 농담, 희롱, 우롱하다,
놀리다, 농담을 하다, 농담하다,
까불다
jetty: 둑, 방파제, 혹옥 같은, 새까만,
잔교, 흑옥같은, 흑옥의
joyfully: 즐겁게
juncture: 이음매, 연결, 경우, 위기,
접합, 접속, 연접, 전기
junto: 비밀 결사단, 음모단, 정치상의
비밀결사, 비밀결사
justly: 바르게, 정당하게, 공정하게
juxtaposition: 병렬, 나란히 놓기,
나란히 세우기, 나란히 하기
keel: 배, 용골, 졸도하다, 전복시키다,
용골 별자리, 사람 등을 넘어뜨리다,
배를 뒤집어엎다, 뒤집히다,
뒤집어엎다, 넘어뜨리다, 배가
뒤집히다
keener: 곡꾼
keenly: 예민하게, 날카롭게
kerseymere: 캐시미어 직물
kindness: 친절, 우정, 상냥함, 친절한
태도, 친절한 행위
knapsack: 배낭
knell: 울리다, 불길한 징조, 궂은
일을 알리다, 조종, 슬픈 소리를
내다, 흉사 따위를 알리다, 종소리,
알리다, 조종이 울리다, 흉조
knob: 혹, 손잡이, 작고 둥근 언덕,
마디, 설상가상으로, 혹이 생기다,
작고 둥근 덩어리, 에 손잡이를 달다
koran: 코란, 코오란
labor: 노동, 수고, 애써 만들다,
일하다, 노력, 근로, 진통, 진통으로
괴로워하다, 몹시 흔들리다,
진통으로 괴로와하다, 일
laboring: 노동하는, 노동에 종사하는
laborious: 힘드는, 부지런한
labyrinth: 미궁, 미로, 복잡한관계,
내이, 라비린토스, 분규
laconic: 간결한
laden: 실린, 고민하는, 괴로워하는,
짐을 실은
lakelet: 작은 호수
lamented: 애도를 받는
landsman: 육상 생활자, 풋내기 선원,
육상생활자, 풋내기 뱃사람
landward: 육지쪽으로
lantern: 초롱, 칸델라, 등화실, 환등,
정탑, 등대의 등실, 등실, 채광창,
환등기
lapse: 경과, 추이, 잘못, 실수,
소멸하다, 폐지, 모르는 사이에
빠지다, 과실, 물의 고요한 흐름,
고요한 흐름, 타락
lapsed: 지나간, 쇠퇴한, 없어진,
실효한, 남의 손으로 넘어간, 폐지된,
타락한, 신앙을 잃은, 경과한
larboard: 좌현
lash: 채찍질하다, 세차게 움직이다,
비난, 챗열, 채찍질, 빈정댐, 비꼼,
충격, 부딪치다, 빈정대다, 묶다
lashed: 속눈썹이 있는, 속눈썹이
...한
lashings: 많음
lastly: 최후에, 최후로
latch: 걸쇠, 고리쇠, 을 손에 넣다,
걸쇠가 잠기다, 에 걸쇠를 걸다, 에
걸쇠를 잠그다
lateral: 옆의, 측면의, 옆으로의, 옆쪽,
옆으로부터의, 측음, 가로의, 가로의
옆쪽, 가로장, 측면부
latitude: 위도, 범위, 지대, 지역,
자유, 관용도, 한대지방, 사상 따위의
자유 범위, 위도에서 보았을 때의
지방, 노출의 관용도, 자유 범위
latterly: 요즈음
lattice: 격자, 격자형 배열, 에 격자를
붙이다, 격자 만들기, 창살, 격자
세공
laughably: 웃다, 흥겨워하다
leaden: 답답한, 납의, 납으로 만든,
무딘, 납빛의, 나른한, 뻐근한,
무기력한, 활발치 못한, 무가치한
leafy: 잎이 많은, 잎으로 된, 넓은
잎의
ledge: 광맥, 암초, 좁은선반, 창
따위에서 돌출되어 있는 선반, 선반,
벽 따위에서 돌출되어 있는 선반
leer: 추파, 곁눈질, 짓궂은 눈매,
곁눈, 곁눈질하다, 곁눈으로
흘겨보다
legible: 읽기쉬운, 읽을 수 있는,
명백한, 읽기 쉬운, 인쇄가 읽기
쉬운, 필적 읽기 쉬운
legion: 군단, 군대, 다수의, 다수,
아강, 동식물 분류의 아강
lent: 사순절, 케리므브즈 대학 춘계
보트 레이스
lest: 을 두려워하여, 하지 않도록,
하지나 않을까 하고
lethargic: 졸린, 노곤한, 혼수상태,
기면증의, 기면성의
lethargy: 혼수, 활발치 못한, 무기력,
혼수 상태, 혼수 병
lettered: 학문있는, 교양있는, 학문이
있는, 교양이 있는, 글자를 넣은,
문학의 소양이 있는, 읽기를 할 수
있는, 쓰기를 할 수 있는
lever: 지렛대, 수단, 지레로 비틀어
열다, 지레로 움직이다, 지레를 쓰다,
 Edgar Allan Poe
목적 달성의 수단, 지레 지방성, 풍습 등의 지방성, 부근,
levity: 경솔, 경솔한 짓, 부박 소재지
libya: 리비아, 리비아사람, 리비아의 locus: 장소, 소재지, 현장
license: 방종, 면허하다, 면허, 방자, locust: 메뚜기, 매미, 대식가,
감찰, 파격, 허가증, 인가, 인가하다, 아카시아, 쥐엄나무 비슷한 상록
승낙 교목, 탐식자, 개아가시아
lifeless: 죽은, 생명없는, 생명이 locution: 화법, 어법, 어구, 관용어법,
없는, 활기가 없는, 생물이 살고 있지 말씨
않은 lodgings: 셋방
lighted: 불이 켜진 loft: 고미다락, 올려치기, 우주선
light-headed: 머리가 핑핑 도는 쏘아 올리다, 위층, 공을 높이
light-hearted: 마음편한 쳐올리다, 저주파 전파 망원경, 지붕
lightning: 번개, 전광, 번개와 같은, 밑 다락방, 높이 쳐올리다, 로프트,
번개의 비둘기장, 고미다락에 저장하다
limb: 수족, 날개, 팔, 의 lofty: 거만한, 고상한, 당당한,
가지를자르다, 앞이, 가장자리, 구, 치속은, 대단히 높은, 숭고한,
달 따위의 가장자리, 문장의 구, 거드럭거리는, 매우 높은
엽변, 의 손발을 끊다 loin: 허리, 허리 고기, 허리부분,
lime: 참피나무, 석회, 보리수, 레몬 짐승의 허리 고기
비슷한 과실, 끈끈이, 라임 주스, longing: 갈망, 갈망하는, 사모, 고대,
라임, 에 끈끈이를 바르다, 에 석회를 고향을 몹시 그리워하고 있다,
뿌리다, 새 잡는 끈끈이 그리움 갈망하는, 동경, 몹시
limitless: 무기한의, 무한의, 망막한, 그리워하는
무제한의, 드넓은, 무한한 loosely: 엉성하게, 매지않게, 풀리게,
linden: 린덴, 참외나무, 참피나무 막연히, 짜임새 없이, 느슨하게
lineally: 길쭉한, 선형적으로, lore: 지식, 학문, 전승, 특수한 과학적
직선적으로 학문, 과학적 학문, 또는 특수 단체에
lingering: 머뭇거리는, 오래끄는, 관한 과학적 학문
못내 아쉬운, 미련이 있는, 오래 loth: 싫은, 싫어하여
끄는, 주저하는 lounging: 게으른, 레저 용의, 편하게
lining: 안감, 안대기, 안, 포켓 따위의 입을수 있는, 활기없는
알맹이, 켓 따위의 알맹이, 지갑 loveliness: 사랑스러움, 멋짐, 이쁨,
따위의 알맹이, 위 따위의 알맹이, 유쾌함, 아름다움, 귀여움, 즐거움,
안을 대기, 알맹이 매력
lisbon: 리스본, 포루투갈의 수도, lowering: 내려가는, 비천한,
포루투갈의수도 저하시키는, 저하, 낮게 하는
listener: 경청자, 청취자 lozenge: 마름모꼴, 마름모꼴의 면,
lithe: 나긋나긋한, 유연한 마름모꼴의 창 유리, 마름모꼴의
litterateur: 문인, 문학자 당과, 마름모꼴의 문장 도형, 보석의
littleness: 작음, 인색, 조금, 옹졸, 마름모꼴의 면
쩨쩨함, 근소 luce: 창꼬치
liveliness: 원기, 선명, 명랑, 활발함, lucid: 맑은, 명백한, 투명한, 빛나는,
활기, 쾌활, 생기, 기운참 뚜렷한, 의식 따위가 뚜렷한
livid: 납빛의, 퍼렇게 멍든, 격노하여, luckily: 운좋게, 다행히도, 상서롭게,
창백한 운 좋게
loaf: 덩어리, 요리의 일종, ludicrous: 바보같은, 익살맞은,
어정거리다, 빵 한덩어리, 우스운, 시시한, 쑥스러운
놀고지내다, 빈둥거리다, 원뿔꼴의 lulling: 달래는
한덩이, 머리, 원뿔꼴의 횐 설탕, luminary: 발광체, 달, 명사, 지도자,
시간을 놀며 보내다, 빵의 덩어리 태양, 선각자
loathing: 지겨움, 강한 혐오, 질색, luminiferous: 빛을 발하는, 빛나는
혐오, 싫음, 혐오를 느끼는 luminous: 밝은, 빛나는, 명쾌한,
loathsome: 지긋지긋한, 구역질 나는, 빛을 내는, 총명한
기분 나쁜, 육체적으로 기분 나쁜, lunatic: 미친, 정신 이상의, 미친사람,
싫는, 싫어서 견딜 수 없는 미치광이
lobe: 소엽, 귓불, 잎사귀, 둥근 lurch: 비틀거림, 경향, 경사, 대패, 차
돌출부 따위가 갑자기 기울기, 상대를
locale: 현장, 장소 러치로 이기다, 배 따위가 갑자기
locality: 장소, 산지, 위치, 현장, 기울기, 궁상, 갑자기 기울기, 러치로
287
이기다, 갑자기 기울다
lurid: 창백한, 무시무시한, 무서운,
섬쩍지근하게붉은, 구름 따위 불타
오르듯이 붉은, 불타 오르듯이 붉은,
어쩐지 기분 나쁜, 전광 따위 불타
오르듯이 붉은, 풍경 따위 불타
오르듯이 붉은, 하늘 따위 불타
오르듯이 붉은
lustre: 광택, 윤기를 내는 재료, 천
따위에 광택을 내다, 광택을 내다,
또기 따위에 광택을 내다, 빛나다
lustrous: 광택있는
lustrum: 대재계, 인구 조사, 재계식,
재계, 오년간
luxuriance: 풍부, 무성, 다산, 번성,
화려, 화려함
luxuriant: 다산의, 무성한, 화려한
luxurious: 사치스런, 사치를
좋아하는, 호화스런, 매우 쾌적한,
사치스러운
lynx: 살쾡이, 스라소니, 살쾡이
별자리
lyre: 리라, 서정시, 거문고, 고대
그리스의 리라, 거문고 별자리
mace: 권표, 최루 신경 가스, 갈고리
철퇴, 육두구 껍질을 말린 향료,
지대지 핵 유도탄, 불능 화학제, 직장
당구봉, 메이스, 끝이 납작한 공을
치는 막대, 메이스로 공격하다,
철퇴의 일종
maddening: 미칠 듯한, 미치게 하는
mademoiselle: 민어과의 일종, 양,
프랑스 여자 교사, 프랑스 여자가정
교사
madly: 미쳐서, 극단으로, 몹시,
미친듯이
madman: 미친 사람, 광인
madness: 광기, 열광, 광희, 정신
착란
madonna: 성모 마리아, 그 상
magi: 동방 박사, 마기 승족, 마술사
magically: 마법의, 매력적인
magnificence: 장엄, 훌륭함, 장려,
호화, 웅대
maiden: 처음의, 아가씨, 처녀,
미혼녀, 미혼의, 소녀, 단두대,
단두대... 미혼의, 처녀인, 처녀의
maine: 미국 북동부의 주
mainmast: 큰 돛대, 메인마스트
majestic: 당당한, 위엄 있는,
위엄있는
majesty: 주권, 폐하, 위엄, 장엄
malady: 병폐, 병, 질병, 특히
만성적인 질병
malevolence: 악의, 악심
malice: 악의, 해칠 마음, 범의,
적극적인 악의
malicious: 악의 있는, 속 검은, 적의
있는
 288
manhood: 남자임, 남자다움, 인간임,
성년 남자 전체, 남성기, 성년, 인격,
인성, 성인, 성인 남자
maniac: 미친, 미친 사람, 미치광이,
미친 광이, 광란의
manifest: 나타나다, 적하 목록에
기재하다, 명백한, 명시하다,
나타내다, 입증하다, 의견을
발표하다, 적하 목록, 유령 따위가
나타나다, 밖으로 나타내다, 감정
따위를 밖으로 나타내다
manifestation: 표명, 명시, 정견 발표
manifold: 다양한, 다방면의, 복사를
뜨다, 여러가지의, 다수의, 사본,
다양성, 복사 지로 복사한 사본,
복사기로 복사한 사본
manly: 사내다운, 남자 같은,
남성적인, 남자와 같은, 여자가
남자와 같은
manoeuvre: 기동 연습, 책동, 전략적
행동, 연습하다, 작전척 행동,
항공기의 선희 등의 운동,
연습시키다, 교묘한 조치, 기동하다,
운동
mansion: 대저택, 성수, 아파트
mantel: 벽로 선반, 벽로의 앞 장식,
벽로의 장식, 벽난로의 앞장식,
벽난로 선반
mantle: 덮개, 맨틀, 망토, 덮다,
여자의 소매 없는 외투, 망토로 싸다,
벽난로 선반, 벽난로의 앞장식,
액체에 더껑이가 앉다, 더껑이가
앉다
maple: 단풍, 단풍나무, 단풍나무
재목, 단풍나무 같은, 단풍나무의
marbles: 대리석의 조각물, 구슬
mare: 바다, 암말, 암컷, 말 따위의
암컷
markedly: 눈에 띄게, 현저하게
marrow: 골수, 순수한, 정수, 서양
호박, 원기, 자양이 풍부한 음식
marvel: 경이, 놀라운 것, 경탄,
놀라운 일, 불가사의하게 여기다,
놀라다, 놀람
masked: 가면을 쓴, 숨긴, 차폐한,
가리워진
masonry: 석조 건축, 프리메이슨
조합, 석공직, 석공 직, 벽돌공사,
벽돌공 직, 콘크리트 공사,
콘크리트공 직, 돌공사
masque: 가면극, 가장 무도회,
가면극의 각본
masquerade: 가장 무도회, 가장,
가장하다, 구실, 체하다, 가장 무도를
하다, 가장 무도회에 참가하다, 가면
무도회에 참가하다, 가면 무도회
massacre: 학살하다, 대학살, 헐뜯다,
압승하다, 완패, 대량 학살,
해치우다, 다수의 동물을 학살하다,
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
남을 헐뜯다, 상대를 압승하다, 시합
따위에서 상대를 압승하다
massy: 실팍한, 무거운, 크고 무거운,
용모 따위가 야무진, 덩어리 모양의,
야무진, 체격 따위가 야무진, 크고
단단한
mast: 돛대, 마스트, 도토리,
평수부로서, 기둥, 돛대를 세우다,
떡갈나무 따위의 열매, 너도밤나무
따위의 열매, 모양의 기둥, 밤나무
따위의 열매
mastiff: 맹견의 일종, 마스티프
materialism: 유물주의, 유물론
materiality: 중요성, 구체성, 실질이
있음, 유형, 물질성
materially: 실질적으로, 대단히,
크게, 물질적으로, 질료적으로,
현저하게, 물유적으로, 실리적으로
mathematician: 수학자
mazy: 구불구불한, 당황한, 당혹한
meandering: 만담, 만보, 꼬부랑길,
두서없는
meaningless: 무의미한, 뜻이 없는,
무가치한
mediate: 중개의, 중간의, 조정하여
성립시키다, 중재하다, 조정하다,
협정 따위를 조정하여 성립시키다,
강화 따위를 조정하여 성립시키다
medici: 메디치가
meditation: 묵상, 명상록, 심사숙고,
심사 숙고, 명상
medley: 잡동사니, 잡다한 집단,
잡색천, 혼합, 그러 모은 것, 혼합곡,
접속곡, 이것 저것을 뒤섞다, 그러
모은, 잡록
meek: 온순한, 유화한, 겸손한, 기백
없는, 순한, 얌전한
meerschaum: 해포석, 해포석 파이프,
해포석제의 파이프
melancholy: 우울, 우울한, 습관적인
우울, 우울병, 체질적인 우울, 우울증
melodrama: 멜로드라마, 권선징악의
통속극, 통속극
melody: 해조, 선율, 아름다운 곡조,
곡, 가곡, 멜로디
melted: 곤드레만드레 취한
memoirs: 회상록, 논문집
memoranda: 규약, 각서, 메모,
비망록
menace: 협박, 위협, 골칫거리,
귀찮은 것, 협박하다, 위협하다,
공갈, 위험한 것
menial: 하인의, 천한, 하인, 천한
일을 하는
merchandise: 상품, 을 상품화해서
판매를 꾀하다, 을 매매하다, 을
거래하다
merciful: 자비로운
merciless: 무자비한, 용서없는
merge: 합병하다, 몰입케하다,
융합시키다, 융합하다
meritorious: 가치 있는, 공적 있는,
칭찬할 만한, 공훈 있는
merrily: 즐겁게, 명랑하게, 흥겹게
merriment: 웃고 즐기기, 흥겹게
떠들기, 환락, 유쾌, 명랑한 소동
merry: 즐거운, 명랑한, 유쾌한,
거나한, 흥겨운, 거나하게 취한
기분의
mesmeric: 최면의, 사람을 황흘케
하는, 최면술의
mesmerism: 홀리게 하다, 최면술을
걸다, 매혹시키다, 최면술, 사람을
황흘케 하는 매력
mesmerizing: 매력적
metallic: 금속의, 엄한, 냉철한
metamorphosis: 변형, 변태, 변형
작용
metaphysical: 형이상학의, 공론의,
추상적인, 형이상의, 형이상파 시인,
형이상파의, 초자연적인, 시인이
형이상파의
metaphysics: 추상론, 심리학,
형이상학, 그리스 어의 뜻에서,
그리스 물리학 다음의 것의 뜻에서
methodical: 조직적인, 규율바른,
감리교파의, 질서있는, 방법의,
질서정연한
metropolis: 수도, 중심지, 주요도시,
대본산 소재지, 종속 중심지
miasma: 독기, 말라리아병독, 소택지
따위에서 발생하는 독기
microscope: 현미경의, 극히 미세한,
현미경, 현미경 별자리
midst: 한가운데, 중앙
midsummer: 한여름
midway: 중도의, 복도, 통로,
오락장거리, 중간쯤에, 중도에
mimic: 모방의, 흉내내는, 가짜의,
모방자, 흉내를 잘 내는, 흉내내다
mingled: 섞는, 뒤섞이는
minutely: 일분마다, 상세히,
일분마다의
miraculous: 기적적인, 놀랄만한,
불가사의한
miraculously: 기적적으로
mirthful: 명랑한, 즐거운, 유쾌한
misanthrope: 염세가, 인간혐오가,
사람을 싫어하는 사람
miscalculation: 오산, 계산 착오,
그릇된 계산, 잘못 생각함
miscellaneous: 잡다한, 가지가지의,
잡동사니의, 다방면의, 여러 가지
잡다한, 여러 가지 잡다한 것으로 된,
잡다하게 뒤섞인
mischief: 장난, 해, 손해, 위해, 고자,
익살, 재난의 씨, 장난꾸러기, 도대체
misconduct: 간통, 품행 불량, 비행,
 Edgar Allan Poe 289
의 처리를 잘못하다 moonlight: 달빛-아르바이트할, 동산, 이동할 수 있는-가재, 이동할
miser: 수전노, 구두쇠, 인색한 놈 아르바이트할, 달빛, 정규의 일 수 있는, 가재, 움직일 수 있는 것
misled: 그릇 인도하다, 현혹시키다 이외에 특히 야간에 moveable: 동산, 가재, 움직일 수
mistrust: 신용하지 않다, 의심하다, 아르바이트를하다, 달빛의, 부업을 있는 움직일 수 있는 것, 움직일 수
추측하다, 불신, 불신용 하다, 아르바이트를 하다, 정규의 일 있는
misty: 희미한, 막연한, 안개가 이외에 특히 야간에 부업을 하다, muddy: 충충한, 흐리게 하다, 진흙
자욱한, 안개가 짙은, 안개 짙은, 월광 투성이의, 진흙의, 혼란한, 혼란한-
분명치 않은, 안개낀, 눈물 어린, moralist: 윤리학자, 도덕가, 도학자, 진흙 투성이로 만들다, 진흙
몽롱한, 모호한, 안개가 덮인 도덕주의자, 덕육가 투성이로 만들다, 진흙이 많은, 흐린,
mob: 폭도, 오합지졸, 군중, 떼지어 morals: 도덕, 예의범절 빛 따위가 흐린, 음성 따위가 흐린
습격하다, 소매치기의 일당, morass: 소지, 늪, 궁지, 소택지 muffled: 소리를 둔하게 한, 소리를
소매치기의 한패, 도둑의 일당, morbid: 병적인, 섬뜩한, 병의, 죽인
대중취향, 폭도의, 하충민, 군중의 불건전한, 무시무시한, 정신이 multicolor: 다색, 여러 가지 빛깔의
mockery: 조롱, 조소의 대상, 헛수고, 병적인, 질병에 관한, 질병의 multiform: 다양한, 여러 모양을 한,
흉내, 놀림, 가짜 morbidly: 병적으로, 불건전하게 여러 가지 모양의
modify: 가감하다, 완화하다, morgue: 시체 공식소, 자료부, multiply: 곱하다, 번식하다, 늘리다,
수식하다, 수정하다, 뜻을 한정하다, 자료실, 거만, 시체 공시소, 신원 번식시키다, 증가시키다
뜻을 수식하다, 낱말의 뜻을 불명의 시체 공시소, 참고 자료실, multitude: 다수, 군중
수식하다, 낱말의 뜻을 한정하다 특히 신문사의 참고 자료실 multitudinous: 수많은, 다수의
moiety: 절반, 일부분, 재산 따위의 morrow: 아침, 이튿날, 직후 mummer: 배우, 무언극 배우,
절반 mortal: 치명적인, 인간의, 인간, 무언극의 배우, 옛날 축제일의
moist: 습한, 눅눅한, 비가 많은, 불치의, 길고 긴, 생각할 수 있는, 무언극의 배우, 광대
습기찬 지루한, 죽어야 할, 죽어야 할 것, munificent: 아낌 없이 주는, 손이 큰,
moisture: 습기, 수분 사람, 가능한-죽어야 할 것 아끼없이 주는
molten: 주조된, 녹은, 특히 금속 mortar: 모르타르, 박격포, 회반죽- murky: 어두운, 음울한
따위 녹은 모르타르로 굳히다, 막자 사발, 유발, murmur: 시내의 졸졸거리는 소리,
momentarily: 잠깐, 시시각각, 절구, 철확, 회반죽 -에 모르타르를 속삭임, 불평, 파도의 출렁거리는
지금이라도, 즉시, 순간적으로 바르다, 에 모르타르를 바르다, 구포 소리, 졸졸 소래내다, 웅성대다, 중얼
momentary: 순간의, 찰나의, mortification: 굴욕, 고행, 금욕, 거림, 투덜거리다, 투덜거리다-중얼
순간적인, 시시각각의 탈저, 억울함, 회저, 분함, 억울한 일 거림, 속삭이다, 나뭇잎 따위의
momently: 각 일각, 시시각각, 즉시, mortify: 억제하다, 탈저에 걸리다, 살랑거리는 소리
지금이라도, 순간적으로 굴욕을 느끼게 하다, 상하게 하다, muse: 시적 영감, 시심, 심사
momentous: 중대한, 중요한, 지극히 감정 따위를 억제하다, 에게 굴욕을 묵고하다, 골똘이 바라보다, 명상에
중대한, 지극히 중요한 느끼게 하다, 정욕 따위를 억제하다 잠기다, 시인, 뮤즈 의 신, 뮤즈신,
monarch: 군주, 제주왕나비 moss: 이끼, 늪, 이끼로덮다, 이탄지, 숙고하다, 시신, 생각에 잠기면서
monastic: 수도원의, 금욕적인, 남자 이름 말하다
소도사의, 수도원적인, 수사 motionless: 움직이 않는, 퍄, musically: 음악적으로, 음악상, 장단
monkey: 원숭이, 장난꾸러기, 뭄짓으로 신호하다, 움직이지 않는, 맞추어
놀려대다, 흉내를 내는 아이, 정지한, 정지한-뭄짓으로 musician: 음악가, 작곡가, 악사
놀려대다-흉내내다, 마약 중독, 신호하다링, 팅삥, 동기가 없는 musingly: 생각에 잠겨
흉내내다, 젊은 것-낭난치다, motley: 잡색의, 어릿광대의 musket: 머스켓 총, 구식 보병총
낭난치다, 항타기의 낙하 해머, 울룩덜룩한 옷, 뒤범벅, 잡다한- muslin: 모슬린, 무명 모슬린, 캘리코
장난치다 뒤범벅, 잡다한, 얼룩덜룩한 옷, 옛날 mustard: 겨자, 갓, 겨자의
monkish: 소두사 티가 나는, 중 냄새 어릿광대의 얼룩덜룩한 옷 mute: 폐쇄음의, 무언의, 벙어리의,
나는, 수도승의 mould: 지면, 옥토, 곰팡이, 거푸집, 약음기를 달다, 회장꾼, 말 않는
monomania: 편집광 틀에 넣어 만든 것, 형, 본뜨다, 배우, 벙어리 하인, 벙어리, 벌어리,
monomaniac: 편집광 환자, 편집광자 부식토, 성격을 형성하다, 성질, 양토 묵자의-벌어리, 묵자의
monotonous: 단조로운, 변화가 없어 mound: 석가산, 작은 언덕, 투수판, mystic: 신비한, 신비주으자, 비교의,
지루한 흙무덤, 둑, 둑덕지게 하다 비교의-신비주으자, 비법의, 신비가,
monotony: 단조로움, 단음, 단조 mountainous: 산이 많은, 산더미 신비적인, 신비주의적인, 정신적
monsieur: 님, 씨, 귀하 같은, 산지의, 산과 같은 상징의
monstrosity: 기형, 괴물, 지독한 mourn: 슬퍼하다, 애도하다, nakedness: 결핍, 벌거숭이 노출이
행위, 기괴, 거대한 물건 몽상하다, 상을 입다, 을 슬퍼하다, 있는 그대로임, 벌거숭이
monstrous: 거대한, 기괴한, 탄식하다 nameless: 무명의, 명명되지 않은,
괴물같은, 극악 무도한, 어처구니 mournful: 슬픔에 잠긴, 슬픈, 익명의, 서출의, 이름 없는, 형언할수
없는, 괴이한, 대단히 애처로운 없는, 이름없는, 언어도단의, 언어
moodiness: 우울, 변덕 mournfully: 슬퍼 보이게, 슬픔에 도단의, 알 수 없는, 세상에 알려지지
moody: 우울한, 까다로운, 잠겨, 절망적인, 천한, 치사한 않은
변덕스러운 movable: 움직일 수 있는, 가구, namesake: 이름을 받은 사람, 이름이
 290
같은 사람, 같은 이름의 사람, 어떤
사람의 이름을 딴 사람, 이름을 딴
사람
naples: 나폴리
narration: 서술, 화법, 이야기하기,
이야기함, 스토리, 이야기
narrowly: 좁게, 간신히, 가까스로,
편협하게, 엄밀히, 정밀하게, 도량이
좁게
nationality: 국적, 국민성, 국민,
국가, 국민임, 애국심, 국민적 감정,
선적, 민족, 국민의 한사람임
nativity: 출생, 탄생, 그리스도,
크리스마스, 예수탄생, 성모마리아의
탄생세례자 요한 탄생축일, 사람의
탄생시의 천궁도크리스마스,
그리스도 탄생의 그림, 그리스도
성탄절, 그리스도 성탄, 탄생시의
천궁도
naught: 무, 제로, 무가치한, 영, 나쁜,
무용의, 망한, 무가치, 붕괴한,
사악한, 아무것도 아님
nausea: 욕지기, 혐오, 매스꺼움,
뱃멀미, 지겨움, 배멀미, 구역질,
매우 싫은 느낌
neapolitan: 나폴리, 나폴리의
neatness: 깔끔함, 정연, 단정, 말끔,
산뜻, 재치있음
necromancy: 마술, 점, 마법, 죽ㅇ은
자와의 교령으로 미래를 점치는 점
necromantic: 마술적인, 마술의,
마법의
needless: 불필요한, 쓸데없는
neighborhood: 근처, 지방, 약, 인근,
이웃, 지역, 자네근처의,
이웃사람들주위, 이웃의, 이웃간의
정의, 이웃 사람들
neighboring: 근처의, 이웃의,
인근의, 근처의 인접한, 인접하고
있는
nervously: 힘차게, 초조하게,
소심하게, 억세게, 신경질적으로
nervousness: 소심성, 신경과민, 겁,
신경 과민
nether: 아래의, 지하의, 지옥의
nethermost: 맨 밑쪽의, 가장아래의,
가장 깊은 곳의, 최하의
never-to-be-forgotten: 잊어버리지
않을
niagara: 쇄도, 나이아가라강홍수,
나이아가라, 폭포, 나이아가라 강,
나이아가라 폭포
nicety: 미묘, 정밀, 섬세, 우아한 것,
정확, 상세, 기미, 꼭 알맞게, 결벽,
맛있는것, 고상한 것
niche: 벽감, 적소, 벽감에 안치하다,
앉이다, 벽감에 놓다, 사람에
있어서의 적소, 물건에 있어서의
적소
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
nightcap: 나이트캡, 그날의 마지막
시합, 잘때 마시는 술, 잠잘때 쓰는
모자, 더블헤더때의 뒷시합, 마지막
시합, 자기 전에 마시는 술
nightly: 밤마다, 밤의, 밤마다의,
밤에, 밤에 나오는
nihility: 무, 허무, 허무 무가치,
무가치한 것
nil: 무, 영, 전무의
nill: 좋아하지 않다
nitre: 질산칼륨
nobility: 고귀한 태생, 귀족, 고결함,
남작, 백작, 숭고, 숭고함, 자작,
후작, 고상함, 귀족상원의원과
그집안
nobleman: 귀족, 귀족 출신의 사람
nod: 끄덕이다, 졸다, 방심하다,
나부끼다, 깜빡 실수하다, 흔들림,
으로 쏠림, 기울다, 졸기, 잠들다,
인사하다
noiselessly: 소리나지 않도록,
조용히, 조용하게
nom: 이름
non-appearance: 불참
nonentity: 지어낸 것, 보잘것
없는사람, 하찮은 사람, 실패하지
않음, 실재하지 않음, 실재하지
않는것, 상상의 산물, 존재하지 않는
것, 존재하지 않는 일, 실재하지 않는
것, 실재하지 않는 일
nook: 피난처, 구석, 외딴곳,
구석구석진 곳, 숨는 곳, 은신처
noon: 정오, 정오의, 전성기, 점심을
먹다, 한밤중, 한낮, 야반, 결정, 낮
휴식을 취하다절정에 달하다,
정오에 하는, 최고점
noonday: 정오, 정오의, 한낮, 한낮의
noose: 올가미, 유대, 올가미를
치다교살하다, 고를 내어 묶음,
교수형, 굴레, 덫에 걸다, 목매는
밧줄, 올가미 고를 만들다, 에
올가미를 씌우다
northward: 북방, 북을 향하여,
북쪽으로, 북쪽으로의, 북, 북을향한,
북으로 향한, 북쪽으로 향해서,
북쪽으로 향한, 북으로 향해서
northwest: 북서의, 북서, 의 서북부,
서북쪽에, 서북에서 부는, 서북에,
서북부의, 서북부, 북서쪽으로,
북서에 있는, 북서로부터의
northwestern: 북서의, 서북부의,
서북의, 서북에서 부는
norwegian: 노르웨이이, 노르웨이의,
노르웨이 어의, 노르웨이 인의,
노르웨이 인
nostril: 콧구멍
note-book: 수첩
nothingness: 무, 소용없음,
실신죽음, 존재하지 않음, 하찮은것,
무가치
notoriety: 평판, 악명, 악명높은 사람,
유명한 사람, 화제의 인물,
유명화제의 인물, 보통 나쁜 뜻의
평판
notwithstanding: 에도 불구하고,
그런데도 불구하고, 할지라도,
불구하고, 한데, 그럼에도 불구하고,
함에도 불구하고, 이라 할지라도
novelty: 진기함, 신기로움, 신고안품,
신형
novice: 초심자, 풋내기, 처음
출장하는 말, 수련자,
수련수사초신자, 수련수사,
무경험자, 초심자의
nubian: 누비아 말, 누비아의, 누비아
흑인
numb: 마비된, 감각을 잃은, 언,
무딘, 곱은, 감각을 잃게 하다,
감각을 잃게하다, 마비시키다,
무감각하게 된, 완화시키다, 의
감각을 잃게 하다
numbness: 얼어서 고움
nuptials: 결혼식
oaken: 떡갈나무제의, 오크재의
oar: 노, 노젓다, 노젓는 사람, 젓다,
노와 같은 구실을 하는 것, 노젓는
배, 노를 쓰다, 노를 젓다, 배를 노로
젓다
oasis: 오아시스, 위안의 장소
oath: 맹세, 선서, 저주, 신의 이름을
남용하기, 욕설
objectionable: 반대할 만한, 이의가
있는, 못마땅한, 불 만인, 불만인,
불유쾌한, 싫은, 괘씸한
objectless: 목적이 없는, 목적어가
없는, 무목적의
observable: 관찰할 수 있는, 지켜야
할, 주목 할 만한, 눈에 띄게, 주목할
만한
observant: 주의깊은, 관찰력이
예리한, 준수하는, 법 따위의
엄수하는 사람, 관습 따위의
엄수하는 사람, 엄수하는 사람
observing: 관찰력이 예리한,
관측적인, 주의깆은
obstinacy: 난치, 완고, 고집, 완고한
언행, 병의 난치
obstinate: 완고한, 완강한, 난치의,
고집센, 병이 난치의
obstinately: 부득부득
obstruction: 방해, 장애, 장애물,
방해물, 의사 방해, 지장
obtrusive: 강요하는 듯한, 중뿔나게
참견하는, 강요하는
obtrusively: 주제넘게, 중뿔나게,
강제하듯이, 눈에 거슬리게
obtuse: 둔각의, 둔한, 머리가 둔한,
칼날이 무딘, 우둔한, 무딘, 각이
 Edgar Allan Poe
무딘, 둔감한 보통 정도로, 보통으로
occupant: 가옥의 점유자, 토지, 가옥 oriental: 동쪽의, 동양의, 동양풍,
따위의 점유자, 방 따위의 점유자, 동양인, 동양학, 동양학자,
지위 따위의 점유자, 토지 따위의 동양식으로 하다, 동양사람,
점유자의, 점유자 동양제국의
odious: 싫은, 밉살스러운, 증오해야 originality: 기인, 진품, 창의, 신기,
할, 추악한 독창성, 원물임, 독창력, 기발
odor: 냄새, 기미, 방향, 평판 originate: 시작하다, 발명, 시작되다,
odorous: 향기로운, 향기가 있는 일으키다, 창작, 발명하다, 기원,
odour: 냄새, 평판, 기미 일어나다, 발기인, 비롯되다
oedipus: 어머니를 아내로 한 oriole: 꾀꼬리의 일종, 미국꾀꼬리,
그리스의 왕, 모르고 아버지를 미국꾀꼬리 북미산, 꾀꼬리
죽이고, 오이디푸스 oscillation: 진동, 한번 흔들기,
offend: 싫은, 감정을 해치다, 죄를 마음의 흔들림, 진폭, 흔들림
범하다, 예의 따위를 위반하다, 죄를 osseous: 뼈의, 뼈있는, 뼈로된
짓게 하다, 정의감 따위를 ossification: 골화, 고정화, 무감각화,
손상시키다, 감정을 상하게 하다, 냉담화, 골화조직, 경직화, 경화
위반하다, 감각 따위를 손상시키다, ottoman: 터키 사람, 터키의, 쿠션
과오를 범하다, 남의 감정을 상하게 달린 긴의자, 일종의 견직물, 오토만,
하다 터키 제국의
officious: 비공식의, outcast: 버림받은, 집없는, 추방자,
참견하기좋아하는, 배척받은, 버림받은사람, 추방된,
쓸데없는친절을베푸는, 참견 잘 추방된 사람
하는 outfit: 채비, 필수품을 공급하다,
officiousness: 부질없는 참견 도구, 채비를 차리다, 일행, 에
offing: 난바다 공급하다, 여행 따위의 채비, 여행
oily: 기름의, 기름바른, 유질의, 따위의 채비품, 채비품, 협동 활동의
말솜씨가 좋은, 입에 발린, 유성의 일행, 마음의 준비
olden: 옛날의, 오래된, 늙게 하다 outlet: 판로, 출구, 배출구, 방송
ominous: 불길한, 전조의, 험악한 네트워크 산하의 지방 방송국,
omission: 생략, 탈락, 태만 콘센트, 전기의 콘센트, 지방 방송국,
omnipotence: 전능, 무한한 힘, 감정 따위의 배출구
전능한 신, 전능의 신, 전능의 outlines: 요점
omnipresence: 편재, 도처에 있는, outre: 상도를 벗어난
도처에 있음 outright: 솔직한, 완전한, 명백한,
onward: 전방으로, 전방에, 전진의, 노골적인, 공공연히, 철저하게,
전진적인 철저한, 숨김 없이, 당장
oozy: 스며나오는, 진흙의, 줄줄 outrun: 달려서 이기다, 보다 빨리
흘러나오는, 질벅질벅 나오는, 달리다, 을 앞지르다, 보다 빨리 달려
질척질척한, 진흙 같은, 질질 앞지르다, 도가 지나치다, 달리어
흘러내리는, 질질 흐르는 앞지르다, 달아나다, 의 한계를 넘다,
openness: 관대, 솔직, 무사, 의 한도를 넘다, 달려서 앞서다
개방상태, 개방성, 개방 상태 outstretched: 펼친, 뻗친
opium: 아편 outward: 밖으로 향하는, 바깥쪽의,
oppress: 압박하다, 압제하다, 육체의, 외부의, 밖으로, 바깥쪽에,
우울하게 하다, 에게 압박감을 주다, 외부, 밖에, 현세적인
에게 답답한 느낌을 주다 outwardly: 외견상, 표면상,
oppression: 압박, 우울, 압제, 외면상은, 밖으로 향하여, 외면에,
답답함, 고난 밖을 향하여, 외부에 대하여,
oppressive: 압제적인, 가혹한, 바깥쪽에, 외부적으로
답답한, 압박하는 overboard: 배 밖으로
oppressively: 가혹하게, 우울하게, overcast: 흐린, 흐려지다,
압제적으로, 답답하게 어두워지다, 어두운, 음침한, 어둡게
optic: 눈의, 광학의, 눈, 시각의, 하다, 구름으로 덮다, 흐린 날씨,
시력의, 광학상의, 광학 구름으로 뒤덮다, 감치다, 하늘이
opulence: 풍부, 부유, 현란 흐린
orb: 천체, 구체, 구, 눈알, 세계, 안구, overdone: 과도한, 녹초가 된, 너무
눈, 공 모양으로 하다, 보주 익힌, 과로한, 의 과거분사형,
ordinarily: 대개, 보통, 그만하게, 과장된, 너무 삶은, 너무 구운
291
overflowing: 넘쳐 흐르는
overgrown: 너무 크게 자란, 너무
자란, 전면에 우거진, 지나치게 자란,
키가 너무 큰, 전면에무성한,
꼴사나운, 볼꼴사나운, 너무커진,
식물이 너무 무성한, 사람이 너무
크게 자란
overhung: 과거분사형, 위에 매어단,
위에서 드리운, 위에서 매어단 의
과거
overpowering: 압도적인, 저항할 수
없는
oversight: 실수, 빠뜨림, 감독, 감시,
못보고 넘김
overspread: 전면에 펴다, 전면에
퍼지다, 전면에 펼치다
overthrow: 뒤집어 엎다, 전복, 파괴,
타도하다, 타도, 전복시키다, 정복
owing: 빚지고 있는, 지불해야 할, 에
기인하는
p.m: 오후
pabulum: 마음의 양식, 음식물,
영양물, 영양, 음식
paced: 보의, 걸음이 ...인
pacing: 보측
packing: 포장, 짐꾸리기, 채워
넣는것, 통조림 제조, 포장용품,
통조림 제조업, 짐 꾸리기, 습포,
패킹
paddle: 방망이로 치다, 아장 아장
걷다, 철벙 거리다, 물장난하다, 노
비슷한 것, 노를한번 저음, 노, 한번
저음, 찰싹 때리다, 기선 따위의
외륜, 보트를 노로 젓다
padlock: 맹꽁이 자물쇠, 맹꽁이
자물쇠로 잠그다
pagan: 이교도, 무종교자, 이교의,
이교화하다, 이단의, 이교도의
pained: 아파하는, 감정이 상한, 싱처
입은, 화난
painfully: 애써, 고생하여, 수고하여,
아파서, 아파하여
palladian: 지혜의, 학문의,
팔라디오풍의
palliative: 완화제, 경감하는, 변명,
변명하는, 참작할 만한 사정,
완화시키는, 완화하는
pallid: 창백한, 해쓱한, 파랗게 질린
pallor: 창백, 해쓱함, 피부 따위의
창백, 얼굴 따위의 창백
palpability: 감지할 수 있는, 명백함,
만져 볼 수 있음
palpable: 명백한, 만질 수 있는,
만져서 알 수 있는
palpably: 명백하게
palpitate: 두근거리다, 떨리다,
맥박이 뛰다
palpitating: 맥박이 뛰는
paltry: 하찮은, 무가치한, 얼마 안
 292
되는, 보잘 것없는
pamphlet: 팸플릿, 팸플릿을 쓰는
사람, 소논문
pane: 창유리, 구역, 에 창유리를
끼우다, 창, 창유리의 한 장
panic-stricken: 공황에 휩쓸린
panorama: 파노라마, 전경, 개관,
잇달아 변하는 광경
panoramic: 파노라마의,
파노라마식의, 개관적인,
파노라마같은
paradise: 천국, 에덴 동산, 극락,
낙원, 안락, 유원, 군주의 유원,
능금나무
paradox: 역설, 모순된 설, 자가
당착의 말
paradoxical: 역설의, 역설적인,
역설을 좋아하는, 궤변을 농하는,
역설적으로
parallelism: 유사, 대구법, 평행도,
대응, 평행, 병행론, 병행
parcel: 꾸러미, 한 떼, 소포, 한 뭉치,
분배하다, 소포로 하다, 소화물, 한
구획, 나누다, 일부분, 한 획의 토지
parched: 목이 마른, 목마른, 구운,
바짝 마른, 볶은, 지면 따위 말라
있는, 말라 있는, 목이 칼칼하게 마른
parchment: 양피지, 양피지의 문서,
양피지비슷한 종이, 비슷한 종이,
양피지의
parentheses: 막간극, 삽입구, 괄호
parisian: 파리의, 파리 인, 파리 인의
parley: 협의, 상의, 교섭, 담판,
담판하다, 말하다, 특히 외국어를
말하다, 협상
parlor: 객실, 거실, 영업실, 담화실,
호텔 따위의 특별 휴게실, 호텔
따위의 특별 담화실, 특별 휴게실,
특별 담화실, 클럽 따위의 특별
휴게실, 클럽 따위의 특별 담화실,
원래 객실풍으로 설비한 영업소
partaking: 함께 하는
parted: 나뉜, 부분으로 나뉜,
흐트러진, 갈라진
parterre: 무대 앞부분의뒤쪽좌석,
무대부분의뒤쪽좌석, 꽃밭이 있는
잔디밭,
미국에서는2층관람석의아래, 여러
가지 모양의 꽃밭이 있는 잔디밭
parthenon: 파르테논
partiality: 편파, 편애, 불공평, 기호,
부분적인 것, 부분적인 일, 좋아하기
particle: 불변화사, 미분자, 미량,
질점, 접두사, 조각, 작은 조각, 입자,
분자
particulars: 상세
partisan: 도당, 유격병, 가담, 당파심,
한 도아리, 당파심이 강한
parvenu: 벼락 출세자, 벼락 부자의,
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
벼락 부자
pas: 우선권, 선행권, 파스, 결핵
치료약, 스텝
passionately: 열렬히, 격노하여,
격심하게
pasteboard: 판지, 카드, 명함,
입장권, 두꺼운 종이, 종이로 만든
pastor: 정신적 지도자, 주임 목사,
목사
pastoral: 목사의, 목양자의, 전원의,
목가, 전원 생활의, 양치는 목동의,
교서, 목장
patent: 명백한, 특허, 열려 있는,
개방성의, 공유지 양도 증서,
개방되어 있는, 특허권, 전매 특허의,
의 전매 특허를 얻다, 색다른, 독특한
것 pedestrian: 보행자, 도보의, 진부한,
paternal: 아버지의, 부자주의,
아버지로서
pathway: 오솔길, 좁은길, 길, 좁은
길 희미하게 나타나다, 비길 데 없는,
patiently: 끈기 있게
patrimony: 세습 재산, 교회 재산,
집안에 전래되는 것, 사원 기본 재산,
교회 기본 재산
patron: 후원자, 수호 성인, 단골
손님, 여관 따위의 단골 손님, 상점
따위의 단골 손님, 빽
patronage: 후원, 서임권, 애고,
후원하다, 특히 관직의 임명권,
임명권, 생색, 생색을 내기
patronymic: 부조의 이름을 딴,
아버지의 이름을 딴, 조상의 이름을
딴 이름, 조상의 이름을 딴, 아버지의
이름을 딴 이름
paved: 포장된
pea: 완두, 완두콩 비슷한 식물, 콩,
푸른 완두, 완두 같은, 완두의
peaceable: 평화를 애호하는, 태평한,
온순한, 평온한, 평화로운, 얌전한,
무사한, 평화를 사랑하는
peal: 울림, 한 벌의 종, 종소리의
울림, 종악, 울려 퍼지다, 울려
퍼지게 하다, 음악적으로 가락을
맞춘 한 벌의 종, 종 따위의 울림,
천둥 따위의 울림, 대포 따위의 울림,
우렁차게 울려 퍼지게 하다
pearl: 진주, 진주 같은 것, 진주빛,
진주 진주로 장식하다 진주의, 전형,
진주색, 진주로 장식하다, 진주 같은
이슬, 진주 같은 이 따위, 진주 같은
눈물, 펄
pearly: 진주 같은, 진주조개로 만든
단추가 달린 옷의 단추, 진주조개로
만든 단추가 달린 옷, 진주의
peasantry: 소작농, 농민, 소작인
계급, 시골티
pebble: 조약돌, 표면을 도톨도톨하게
하다, 다루기 완고한 동물,
울퉁불퉁한 자갈 무늬, 의 결을
거칠게 하다, 자갈 크기의 덩어리,
종이 따위의 표면에 기공한
울퉁불퉁한 자갈 무늬, 수정, 물의
작용 따위로 둥글게 된 조약돌, 마노,
다루기 힘든 사람
pectoral: 가슴의, 폐병의,
가슴지느러미, 폐병에 듣는,
주관적인, 가슴장식, 가슴을
장식하는, 특히 유태 고승의
가슴장식
peculiarity: 버릇, 특색, 특성, 특질,
특유, 독특, 독자성, 기벽, 기태
peculiarly: 특히, 독특하게, 각별히,
괴이하게, 색다르게, 개인적으로
pecuniary: 금전의, 금전상의
도부주의자, 단조로운
peer: 동등한 사람, 귀족, 동배,
응시하다, 보이기 시작하다,
상원 의원, 동료, 에 필적하다,
자세히 들여다보다
peevish: 성마른, 부루퉁한, 짜증이
난, 투정부리는
penciling: 가는 선 긋기, 연필로 그린
것 같은 무늬, 연필로 쓰기
pendant: 늘임 장식, 램프, 매단, 짧은
밧줄, 드림 장식, 매달려 있는것,
페넌트, 아랫 돛대 꼭대기에서
밑으로 늘어뜨린 짧은 밧줄, 장기,
회중 시계의 용두의 고리, 용두의
고리
pendent: 미결정의, 늘어진, 쑥내민,
미결의, 툭 튀어나온, 문제 따위
미정의, 구문이 불완전한, 문제 따위
미결의, 늘어뜨린, 미정의
pendulous: 매달린, 흔들리는,
늘어진
pendulum: 추, 흔들이, 긴자, 진자,
매단 램프, 흔들리는 추, 동요하는
것, 시계의 진자처럼 동요하는 것,
시계 따위의 흔들리는 추
penetrate: 간파하다, 통과하다,
관통하다, 꿰뚫다, 지나가다, 강한
인상을 주다, 깊이 감동시키다,
꿰둘다, 둘고보다, 스며들다,
통찰하다
penetrating: 관통하는, 꿰뚫는,
침투하는, 날카로운, 견식 높은,
예리한, 잘 들리는, 통찰력이 있는,
현명한, 예민한
penetration: 침투, 관통, 침투력,
녹아 들어감, 세력 침투, 세력 신장,
간파
peninsula: 반도, 아베리아 반도
perceptible: 지각 할 수 있는, 인지할
수 있는, 지각할 수 있는
perceptibly: 인식할 수 있게

peremptorily: 절대적으로, 거만하게,
결정적으로, 단호하게
perennial: 다년생의, 연중 끊이지
않는, 영원한, 다년생 식물, 사계절을
통해서 계속되는
perfection: 완전, 극치, 완성, 완전한
사람, 우수한 점
perforce: 부득이, 무리하게,
필연적으로, 억지로
perfume: 향수, 향료, 방향, 향수를
뿌리다, 방향을 내다, 에 향수를
뿌리다
peril: 위험, 위험에 빠뜨리다, 모험
perilous: 위험한
periodical: 정기 간행물, 정기
간행의, 주율, 주기성, 일간 신문을
제외한 정기 간행물, 간헐적인,
단속적인, 시대의, 주기 운동을 하는,
도미문
perish: 멸망하다, 썩어 없어지다,
지독하게, 죽다, 괴롭히다혹독한,
말라 죽다, 무너지다, 무너지다-몹시
곤란하게 하다, 몹시 곤란하게 하다,
의 기능을 잃게 하다, 몹시 괴롭히다
perished: 매우 곤란한, 지친,
초췌해진
permeation: 보급, 충만, 침투
pernicious: 유해한, 치명적인,
파괴적인, 유독한
perpendicular: 수직의, 수선, 수직면,
직각을 이루는, 수직의 위치, 수직,
선 채로의, 깍아지근 듯한-수직면,
수직식의, 수직선 건축, 수직 위치
perpendicularly: 수직으로
perpetrate: 범하다, 범죄, 범행,
저지르다, 나쁜 짓 따위를 범하다,
과오 따위를 범하다
perpetual: 종신의, 영구한, 끊임없는,
사철 피는, 영구하다, 다년생 식물,
부단한, 잔소리 따위 부단한,
영속하는, 다년생의, 싸움 따위
부단한
perpetually: 영구히, 영속적으로,
끊임없이, 그칠사이 없이, 일년 내내,
시종
perplexed: 당황한, 난처한, 복잡한,
어찌할 바를 모르는, 골치 아픈
perplexity: 난처한 일, 당황, 혼란,
분규, 난국, 곤혹
perseverance: 인내, 참을성 있는,
고집, 궁극적 구원
persevering: 참을성 있는, 참을서
있는
persist: 고집하다, 지속하다,
주장하다
personage: 인물, 저명 인사, 사람,
명사, 소설의 등장 인물, 등장 인물,
극의 등장 인물, 역사상의 인물
perspicacity: 통찰력, 총명
Edgar Allan Poe 293
perspiration: 땀, 발한 작용, pilau: 육반, 필래프, 필라프
발한작용, 발한 piled: 보풀이 있는
persuasion: 설득, 확신, 종류, 종파, pillow: 베개, 방석, 덧대는 물건-
신념, 종지 베개로 하다, 베개삼다, 베어링,
pertinaciously: 완고하게, 올려놓다
외고집으로, 집요하게, 끈기있게 pinch: 꼬집다, 인색하게 굴다, 죄다,
pertinacity: 완고, 불요 불굴, 집다, 훔치다, 바싹조리차다, 어려움,
불요불굴, 외고집, 집착력, 집요함, 수척하게 하다, 움츠러들게 하다,
끈덕짐 잘라내다, 체포하다-죄어들다꼭기다
perusal: 숙독, 통독 pinched: 여윈, 옹색한, 바싹 죈
perverse: 사악한, 빙퉁그러진, 사악, pinion: 날개, 작은 톱니바퀴, 새의
곡해하는, 심술 궂은, 외고집, 성질이 날개 끝 부분, 의 야팔을 동이다,
비뚤어진, 태도가 정도를 벗어난, 속박하다, 날지 못하도록 날개 끝을
뜻대로 되지 않는, 정도를 벗어난, 자르다, 날개깃-날지 못하도록 날개
일이 뜻대로 되지 않는 끝을 자르다, 날개깃, 새 날개의 끝
perversion: 악화, 곡해, 도착, 악용, 부분, 의 날개 끝을 자르다, 앞 날개
남용 pinnacle: 높은 곳에 두다, 높은
perversity: 사악, 빙퉁그러짐, 산봉우리, 작은 뾰족탑, 작은 뽀족탑,
외고집, 뒤틀린 성미, 비뚤어진 성미 작은 첨탑, 첨탑에 설치하다
pest: 해충, 유해물, 성가신 사람, 악성 pious: 경건한, 신앙심이 깊은,
유행병, 페스트, 역병, 골칫거리, 종교적인, 효성스러운, 실현
처치 곤란한 사람 가능성이 없는, 종교심으로의,
pestilence: 페스트, 평화를 파괴하는, 탄복할 만한
치명적인, 악성 유행병, 성가신 piquancy: 신랄, 얼얼한 맛, 통쾌
pestilent: 전염하는, 치명적인, pique: 자랑하다, 감정을 상하게
해로운, 귀찮은, 위험한, 사회적으로 하다, 골지게 짠 무명, 기분이
위험한, 성가신 언짢음, 흥미 따위를 자아내다, 성남,
petty: 소규모의, 하찮은, 사소한, 피케, 지르퉁함, 지르퉁함-성나게
옹졸한, 자그마한, 하급의, 도량이 하다, 성나게 하다, 의 감정을 상하게
좁은 하다
petulance: 성마름, 토라짐, 불쾌, pistol: 권총, 권총으로 쏘다
앵돌아짐, 심술사나움, 짜증 pitcher: 던지는 사람, 투수, 물주전자,
petulant: 성마른, 까다로운 피처, 던져 싣는 사람, 짚 따위를
pew: 펜치형 좌석, 교회의 가족석, 짐차에 던져 싣는 사람, 주머니
좌석, 자리, 교회의 좌석 모양의 잎, 건초 따위를 짐차에 던져
phantasm: 환상, 곡두, 환영 싣는 사람, 가벼운 철제 타구봉
phantasmagoric: 환영 같은, pitchy: 피치 같은, 새까만,
주마등같이 변하는, 주마등같이 진득진득한, 피치가 많은, 피치 많은
변하는 광경의, 허깨비같은 pitiable: 비천한, 가엾은
phantom: 환상, 유령, 환영, 꼭두, pitiful: 불쌍한, 인정 많은, 비루한,
유령같은, 가공의, 독깨비, 도깨비, 가련하게 여겨야 할, 인정이 많은,
모형, 외관뿐인 것, 외관뿐인 사람 불쌍히 여겨야 할, 동정심이 많은
phosphoric: 인의, 인 모양의, 인을 placid: 평온한, 침착한, 온화한
함유하는, 특히 오가의 인의 placidly: 고요하게, 침착하게,
phraseology: 어법, 말 평온하게
phrenological: 골상학의 plague: 역병, 천재, 괴롭히다, 재해,
phrenology: 골상학 귀찮은 일, 성가신 사람, 천벌, 말썰-
phthisis: 폐결핵, 천식, 폐결핵의 역병에 걸리게 하다, 역병에 걸리게
physician: 의사, 내과 의사 하다, 페승, 재화 따위를 당하게 하다
physique: 체격 plainly: 솔직하게, 명백히, 검소하게,
piazza: 베란다, 특히 이탈리아 간소하게, 뚜렷하게
도시의 광장, 광장 plank: 두꺼운 판자, 즉시 지불하다,
pictorial: 그림이 실린 잡지, 화보, 밑에 놓다, 판자위에서 구운 채
그림의그린 것같은, 그림의, 내놓다, 정강의 조항-판자를 깔다,
그림의그린 것같은-화보 의지가 되는 것, 정당의 강령 항목,
picturesque: 그림같은, 생생한, 즉석에서 지불하다, 당장지불하다,
아름다운, 그림 같은 에 널빤지를 깔다, 강령 항목
piercing: 꿰찌르는, 날카로운, 뼈에 plastered: 취한, 술에 취해서
사무치는, 통찰력 있는, 꿰뚫는 plateau: 고원, 플래토 상태, 안정
 294 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
기에 달하다, 학습 고원, 안정 상태에
달하다, 큰 접시, 안정 수준에 달하다
platter: 음반, 레코드, 타원형의 얕은
큰 접시, 본루
plausible: 그럴 듯한, 말솜씨가 좋은,
그럴듯한
playmate: 놀이 친구, 놀이 패
plaything: 장난감
pleasantly: 유쾌하게, 상냥하게,
즐겁게, 쾌활하게
pleasing: 유쾌한, 만족한, 붙임성
있는
pleasurable: 즐거운, 유쾌한,
기분좋은
plebeian: 비속한, 평민의, 평민,
평민-평민의
pledge: 축배, 서약, 금주의 맹세,
담보, 담보로 넣다, 저당 잡히다,
표시, 건강을 위해 축배를 들다,
보증, 서약하다, 보증-서약하다
plenitude: 풍부, 완전, 충분
plumage: 깃털
plume: 깃털, 깃털로 장장식하다,
물기둥-새가 부리로 깃털을 고르다,
연기나 구름 따위의 기둥, 영예 표시,
깃 모양의 털, 새가 깃털을 다듬다,
깃털로 꾸미다, 깃털로 장식하다,
다듬다, 명예 표시
plunge: 돌진, 돌진하다, 다이빙하다,
던져넣다, 뒷질하다, 뛰어들다, 말이
뒷다리를 들고 뛰어오르다, 찌르다,
배의 뒷질, 큰 도박을 하다, 어떤
상다태로 몰아 넣다-뛰어들다
plunging: 내려쏘는, 뛰어드는
plural: 복수, 복수형, 복수의
pluto: 명왕성, 영, 프간의 송유관,
저승의 왕, 플루토
poetic: 시의, 시적인, 시에 적합한,
시인의
poetical: 이상화된
poignancy: 날카로움, 매서움, 통렬
poisonous: 유독한, 악의 있는,
유해한
polished: 닦은, 광택이 있는, 세련된,
우아한, 닦아 낸, 갈아 낸
politic: 정치상의, 교활한, 시기에
적합한, 사려 깊은, 적절한, 술수를
쓰는, 술수를 부리는, 사려가 깊은,
꾀를 부리는, 꾀를 쓰는
pomegranate: 석류, 석류나무
pomp: 허식, 장관, 화려, 화려함
ponder: 숙고하다
ponderous: 육중한, 다루기 힘든,
답답한, 대단히 무거운, 묵직한, 매우
무거운
poop: 고물-고물을 치다, 바보,
하찮은 자, 피로하게 하다,
지쳐빠지다, 지쳐 빠지게 하다, 의
고물을 치다, 원래 고물, 남을 지쳐
빠지게 하다, 기계 따위가 움직이지
않다, 고물
poplar: 그 재목, 사시나무, 포플라,
포플러
populace: 대중, 서민, 하층 계급
populous: 인구 조밀한, 인구가
조밀한
pore: 숙고하다, 기공, 세공,
몰두하다, 털구멍, 털구명, 눈을
독서로 혹사시키다, 자세히 보다,
독서로 혹사시키다, 책 따위를
자세히 보다
porous: 작은 구멍이 많은, 삼투성의,
구멍이 있는, 구멍이 많은
portal: 입구, 문, 간문의, 앞 현관
portraiture: 초상화, 묘사, 초상화법
portray: 묘사하다, 표현하다, 의
그림을 그리다, 그리다, 연기를 하다,
풍경을 그리다, 인물을 그리다
possessor: 소유자, 점유자
post-mortem: 사후의, 검시, 검시
해부, 검시해부
postpone: 연기하다, 을 연기하다
posture: 상태, 자세, 인 체하다,
자세를 취하다, 형세, 태도,
젠체하다, 신체의 자세, 어떤 자세를
취하다, 어떤 태도를 취하다, 어떤
특정한 자세
potency: 효력, 세력, 힘, 유효성,
권위, 잠재력, 효능, 설득력, 권력
potent: 유력한, 힘센, 효력이 있는,
성적 능력이 있는, 도덕적으로
영향력이 강한, 효험이 있는, 효능이
있는
powdered: 가루모양의, 가루의
practicable: 실행할 수 있는, 실용에
맞는, 통행할 수 있는, 사용할 수
있는
praenomen: 첫째 이름
prairie: 대초원, 숲속의 조그만 빈터,
초원
precaution: 경계, 예방책, 조심
precincts: 경계
precipice: 절벽, 벼랑
precipitancy: 화급, 경솔, 황급,
경솔한 행위, 허둥대는 행위,
경거망동, 몹시 서두름, 다급
precipitate: 침전시키다, 거꾸로
떨어뜨리다, 촉진하다,
곤두박이치다, 무모한, 응결한 수분,
무턱대고 재촉하다, 침전물,
거꾸로의, 응결시키다, 응결시키다-
거꾸로의
precipitous: 성급한, 험한, 경솔한,
깎아지른 듯한
preconcert: 미리 협정하다, 미리
결정하다, 미리 정하다, 사전 타협
등으로 미리 정하다, 협정 등으로
미리 결정하다, 협정 등으로 미리
정하다, 사전 타협 등으로 미리
결정하다
predominant: 현저한, 뛰어난,
우세한
prefect: 지사, 반장, 관, 감독생,
학사장, 프랑스의 지사, 이탈리아의
지사, 교회가 경영하는 학교의
학사장, 행정관
preferable: 바람직한, 오히려 나은,
택할 만한, 선택할 만한
premise: 전제, 구내, 전술한 사항,
미리 말하다, 전제로 하다, 집, 전기
재산, 전치하다, 앞서 한 말, 기술
사항, 가옥
preparatory: 예비의, 준비의
prescriptive: 규정하는, 시효에 의한
preserver: 구조자, 보호자, 통조림
업자, 보존자, 설탕조림 업자, 엽조수
보호자
preserving: 보호하기
presumable: 가정할 수 있는, 그럴
듯한, 추정할 수 있는
presume: 추정하다, 기화로 삼다,
이라고 생각하다, 대담히도..하다,
주제넘게 나서다, 대담히도, 하다,
가정하다
pretence: 구실, 주장, 거짓 꾸밈,
허세, 요구, 겉치례, 허위, 겉치레
pretended: 거짓의
pretending: 거짓의, 사칭하는,
겉치레하는, 왕위를 노리는
preternatural: 초자연적인, 이상한
prevailing: 우세한, 유력한, 유행의,
일반의, 널리 행해지는, 널리 행해진
prevalent: 널리 행해지는, 유행하고
있는, 일반적인, 우세한, 일반적으로
행해지는
priesthood: 성직, 성직자, 사제직
priestley: 극작가, 존 보스톤, 영구의
소설가
prima: 으뜸가는, 제일의, 주요한
primeval: 태고의, 원시의
princely: 왕자에 어울리는, 기품
높은, 장려한, 왕자의, 왕자같은,
왕자 같은, 왕자답게, 관대한, 기품
놓은, 왕후 다운, 왕후의
probing: 프로빙
proceeding: 의사록, 행동, 조치,
소송절차, 회보, 조처, 처리, 소송
절차, 행위, 의사, 진행
procrustean: 폭력으로 규준에 맞는,
억지로 기준에 맞추려 하는
prodigious: 거대한, 놀랄 만한,
놀라운, 막대한
profanation: 모독, 신성을 더럽히기
profanity: 모독적인 언행, 모독,
불경, 신성을 더럽히기, 신성을
더럽히는 행동, 신성을 더럽히는
언사
 Edgar Allan Poe 295
professed: 공언한, 자칭의, 가장한, 신의 뜻, 신조, 검약, 선견, 하나님, 별스러워 재미있는
겉꾸밈의, 공공연한, 서약하고 천우, 신의 quarrel: 싸움의 원인, 싸움, 불평,
종교단에 든, 서약하고 수도회에 provokingly: 성날 정도로, 말다툼, 네모진 촉이 달린 화살,
들어간, 겉보기만의 자극적으로 불화의 씨, 불화, 불평하다,
profligacy: 방탕, 난봉, 낭비, 품행 prow: 이물, 기수, 용감한, 싸움하다, 말다툼하다, 말다툼의
불량 용맹스러운, 뱃머리 원인
profoundly: 깊이, 매우, 심원하게, proximity: 접근 quarto: 사절판, 사절판의, 사절의
몹시 pry: 애써서 얻다, 엿보다, 지레, quatrain: 사행 연구
profundity: 깊음, 심연, 심오, 깊이, 일일이 알고 싶어하다, 지레로 quaver: 진음, 떨리는 목소리, 떨리다,
깊은속, 오묘 올리다, 꼬치꼬치 캐기 좋아하는 떨리는 목소리로 노래하다, 떠는
profuse: 아낌없는, 풍부한, 통이 큰 사람, 일일이 알고 싶어하다- 소리를 내다, 팔분 음표, 특히 음성이
profusely: 풍부하게, 마구, 넘치도록, 꼬치고치 캐기 좋아하는 사람, 캐기 떨리다, 떨게 하다, 가락을 떨게 하다
통이 크게 좋아하는 사람, 지레-지레로 올리다, quickness: 민첩, 성급함, 신속, 기민,
profusion: 풍부, 대량, 낭비, 활수 지레로 움직이다, 형편을 살피다 빠르기, 급격, 속도, 성마름, 급속
prognostic: 전조, 예후의, 전조를 ptolemy: 지리학자, 이세기경의 quiescence: 정지, 무활동, 정적,
보이는, 예측, 직후, 전조가 되는 그리스의 수학, 기원전 2세기경의 침묵, 묵음자임
projecting: 돌출한 그리스의 수학 quietude: 조용함, 평온, 정온, 고요,
projection: 계획, 돌출, 발사, 사출, puff: 훅 불기, 피우다, 헐떡이다, 정적
영사, 주관의 객관화, 투사, 투영, 한번 붊, 과대 광고, 부풂, 숱, 불다, quintessence: 전형, 정수, 진수, 가장
주관의 투영, 돌출부 슈크림, 훅훅 불다, 칙칙하면서 순수한 본질, 물질의 가장 순수한
prolix: 장황한, 지루한, 지루하게 움직이다 본질
말하는 puffed: 숨이 차서, 부푼, 헐떡이고, quits: 승패 없이 대등하여, 피장 장이
prolixity: 지루함, 용장, 장황, 장황함 사람이 숨이 차서, 우쭐한, 부풀은 된, 갚거나 또는 보복하여 피장
prominence: 현저, 돌출물, 돌출, pulpit: 설교단, 조종석, 목사, 설교, 장이 된
홍염, 돌기 포경선의 이물의 난간으로 둘러싸인 quiver: 떨림, 떨게 하다, 화살통,
promontory: 곶, 갑 작살을 던지기 위한 대, 설교자, 진동, 전통, 떨다, 전동, 흔들리다
promulgate: 공포하다, 널리 펴다, 난간으로 둘러싸인 작살을 던지기 quivering: 진동하는, 떨고 있는,
널리 퍼지게 하다, 발포하다, 법령을 위한 대 떨리는
공포하다, 법령을 발포하다, 신조 pulsation: 맥박, 동계, 맥동, 진동, rabble: 무질서한 군중, 뒤죽
따위를 널리 퍼지게 하다 박동, 파동 박죽된것, 오합지중, 교반봉,
promulgation: 공표, 공포, 발표, punctuality: 시간 엄수, 꼼꼼함, 교반봉으로 휘젓다, 되는 대로 일을
선포, 선언, 보급, 발포 기한을 어기지 않음 하다, 떼, 빨리 말하다, 떼를 지어
pronounce: 발음하다, 의견을 pungent: 날카로운, 자극하는, 마음을 습격하다, 어중이 떠중이, 와글대는
말하다, 판단을 내리다, 선고하다, 찌르는, 신랄한, 혀나 코를 자극하는, 어중이 떠중이
말하다, 단언하다-발음하다, 마음을 몹시 아프게 하는 rabid: 맹렬한, 미친, 공수병에 걸린,
선언하다 punish: 혼내주다, 벌하다, 호되게 과격한, 미친 듯한, 광견의, 광포한,
propensity: 경향, 버릇, 벽 해치우다, 응징하다, 사람을 벌하다, 미쳐 날뛰는, 열광적인
prophet: 예언자, 예언서, 신의 뜻을 죄를 벌하다, 상대방을 혼내주다 rack: 고문, 파괴, 그물 선반, 선반,
알리는 사람, 구약 성서의 예언서, purity: 청정, 결백, 청결, 순정, 정격, 고문대, 고문하다, 조각구름,
마호메트, 대변자, 사물을 예지하는 문체의 정격, 어구의 정격, 청렴 착취하다, 침대, 경구보로 뛰어가다,
사람, 주의 따위의 대변자 purplish: 자줏빛을 띤, 자주빛을 띤, 황폐
proportionate: 균형잡힌, 비례한, 자주빛의 raconteur: 이야기꾼, 말솜씨 좋은
균형 잡히게 하다, 어울리게 하다 purposeless: 목적이 없는, 무의미한, 사람, 이야기 잘하는 사람, 좌담가
proprietor: 경영자, 소유자, 소유주, 무익한 radiance: 광휘, 빛남, 광채, 발광,
독점권 소유자, 집주인, 사업주 pursuance: 추구, 이행, 속행, 수행 눈.얼굴의 빛, 방열
propriety: 적당, 예의 범절, 예의 pursuer: 추적자, 연구자, 추구자, radiant: 빛나는, 즐거운 듯한, 광점,
바름, 타당, 교양, 예의 종사자, 위의 일을 하는 사람 빛을 내는, 복사의, 찬란한, 빛을
prostrate: 엎드린, 넘어뜨리다, purulent: 화농성의, 곪은, 고름 같은 발하는, 방사의, 방사점, 방산
패배한, 넘어진, 굴복시키다, 부복한, putridity: 부패 분포의, 방사되는
엎드리다, 항복시키다, 포복성의, quack: 돌팔이 의사, 식자연하는 radiantly: 기쁘게, 밝게, 빛나게
쇠약하게 하다, 쓰러뜨리다 사람, 가짜의, 사기꾼 같은 짓, radically: 과격하게, 근본적으로,
protoxide: 초급 산화물 사기꾼, 꽥꽥 울다, 떠들썩하게 철저하게, 급진적으로, 본래
protracted: 오래 끈 지껄이다, 엉터리 치료를 하다, rag: 넝마, 조각, 꾸짖다, 단편,
protuberance: 융기, 혹, 돌기, 결절 돌팔이 의사가 쓰는, 집오리 따위가 놀리다, 장난치다, 신문, 법석,
proverb: 속담, 대동사, 평판 있는것, 꽥꽥 울다, 시끄럽게 지껄이다 누더기, 막, 지폐
우화, 인기 있는 것, 어떤 점에서 quackery: 엉터리 치료, 사기꾼 같은 raiment: 의류, 의복
저명한 것, 어떤 점에서 인기 있는 짓 rainbow: 무지개, 덧없는 희망,
것, 속담극, 저명한 것 quaint: 고풍이며 아취 있는, 무지개의
providence: 섭리, 장래에 대한 배려, 색다르고 재미있는, 기이한, ramble: 산책, 종작없는 이야기,
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어정거림, 뻗어 가는, 덩굴풀 따위가
우거지다, 우거지다,
빈둥빈둥거닐다, 만보, 두서없이
쓰다, 거닐다, 두서없이 지껄이다
rambling: 산만한, 덩굴지는,
흩어져있는, 할 일없이 거니는,
한가로이 걷는, 어스렁거리는,
사방으로 뻗은, 두서없는,
꾸불꾸불한, 균형이 잡혀지지 않은,
구불구불 뻗은
rampant: 만연하는, 뒷발로 일어선,
유행하는, 맹렬한, 자유분방한,
사나운, 분방한, 뒷발로선, 마구
퍼지는, 질병 따위가 유행하는, 특히
사자가 뒷발로 일어선
rampart: 방어, 누벽, 성벽을 두르다,
성벽, 수비, 에 누벽을 두르다,
방비하다, 방어하다, 에 성벽으로
견고히 하다, 에 성벽을 두르다, 에
누벽으로 견고히 하다
ransack: 샅샅이 뒤지다, 약탈하다,
기억을 더듬다, 면밀히 조사하다,
빼앗다, 들추다, 생각해 내려고
애쓰다, 찾아헤매다
rapidity: 속도, 급속, 민첩, 신속
rapier: 가늘고 긴 쌍날칼, 장검,
가느다란 쌍날칼
rapport: 관계, 일치, 교신, 영교, 영적
교류, 심령술에서 영매를 이용한
영적 교류
rapt: 열중한, 황홀한, 빼앗긴, 골몰한,
열심인, 황홀해 있는, 몰두한, 마음을
빼앗긴, 넋을 빼앗긴, 골똘한
rapturous: 미칠듯이 기뻐하는, 기뻐
날뛰는, 열광적인, 기뻐날뛰는
rarity: 희박, 진품, 드묾, 진귀, 진기
ratiocination: 추리, 추론
rationale: 이론적 해석, 근본적인
이유, 이론적 근거
rattling: 활발한, 굉장한,
덜거덕거리는, 훌륭한, 아주, 성가신,
매우, 딸랑거리는, 대단히, 기운찬,
귀찮은
ravenous: 굶주린, 게걸든,
게걸스럽게 먹는, 탐욕스런, 마구
먹어대는
ravine: 좁은 골짜기, 산골짜기, 협곡
raving: 굉장한, 헛소리, 광란, 대단한,
대단히, 노호, 헛소리하는, 헛소리를
하는, 미쳐날뛰는, 광란의, 광란하는
razor: 면도칼, 면도기, 에 면도칼을
대다
realization: 현금화, 현실화, 실현,
인식, 실정을 앎, 실물같이 그림,
취득, 사실이라고 생각함,
정말이라고 생각함, 정말이라고
느낌, 정말이라고 깨달음
reap: 베다, 획득하다, 베어들이다,
수확하다, 받다, 얻다, 거두다, 보답
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
따위를 받다
reasoned: 사리에 맞는, 상세한
이유를 붙인, 도리에 입각한, 숙고한
끝의
reassure: 재보증하다, 안심시키다,
다시 자신을 갖게하다, 다시 용기를
내게 하다, 에게 힘을 북돋우다
recess: 휴회, 휴게, 휴가, 구석, 와,
휴회하다, 은거지, 휴식, 후미진 곳,
벽장, 감추다
reckless: 개의치 않는, 무모한, 분별
없는, 앞뒤를 가리지 않는
recklessly: 무분별하게, 무모하게
recoil: 뒷걸음질, 반동, 뒷걸음질치다,
되튀다, 위축, 되튀기, 진저리침,
공무니빼다, 혐오, 다시 감다,
퇴각하다
recollect: 다시 모으다, 회상하다,
가라앉히다, 생각해 내다, 생각나다,
기억나다, 북돋우다, 진정시키다,
냉정하게 하다, 다시 불러일으키다,
상기다
recollected: 냉정한, 침착한, 추억의,
차분한, 묵상에 잠긴, 생각난
recollection: 회상, 기억, 추억,
회고록, 상기, 회고, 옛날을 생각케
하는 것, 마음의 평정, 기억력
recollections: 추억
reconcile: 화해시키다, 조화시키다,
단념시키다, 조정하다, 스스로
체념케 하다, 에 만족하게하다,
일치시키다
reconnoitre: 답사하다, 정찰하다
recourse: 의지, 상환청구, 의뢰,
의지하는 것, 상환 청구, 을
사용하다, 의존함, 상환청구권
recreant: 비겁한, 변절한, 불성실한,
신의 없는, 비겁자, 겁쟁이, 겁장이,
겁많음, 겁많은, 배반자, 겁이 많은
rectangular: 직각의, 직사각형의,
직4각형의
recusant: 복종을 거부하는, 복종을
거부하는 사람, 권위에 따르지 않는,
영국 국교를 기피하는, 영국 국교를
기피하는 사람
redeem: 이행하다, 되사다, 구조하다,
상환하다, 회복하다, 보상하다,
보충하다, 장점, 되찾다, 구해내다,
속죄하다
red-hot: 핫도그, 섹시한, 최신의,
노발대발한, 열렬한, 몹시 흥분한,
흥분한사람, 작고 빨간 과자, 여자를
동반하지 않은 남자, 선정적인,
새빨갛게탄
redness: 빨강, 상태, 적색, 적열,
격노함
reducible: 줄일 수 있는, 할인할 수
있는, 축소할 만한, 줄이할 수 있는
reduplication: 중복, 배가, 반복,
이중으로 함, 이중화, 중복된 글자,
음절의 중복, 어두의 중복
refined: 세련된, 우아한, 미묘한,
정제된, 정확한, 정련한, 정교한,
엄정한, 정묘한, 품위있는, 정제한
reflux: 썰물, 역류, 퇴조, 환류,
환류하다, 퇴류
refrain: 후렴, 참다, 자제하다,
삼가다, 그만두다, 반복구, 억제하다,
억누르다, 멀리하다, 그만두다
억제하다 후렴, 상투문구
refreshing: 상쾌한, 가슴이 후련한,
산뜻한, 상쾌하게 하는, 새롭고
신나는, 참신하고 기분 좋은,
산뜻하게 하는, 청신한
regain: 회복하다, 되찾다, 복귀하다,
로 되돌아가다, 다시 도착하다,
탈환하다, 에 귀착하다, 에 복귀하다
regal: 당당한, 제왕의, 국왕의, 레갈,
국왕다운, 왕 같은, 제왕다운
regards: 문안 인사, 편지 따위의 문안
인사
regather: 다시 모으다
regularity: 규칙적임, 정규, 질서,
균형, 정상, 일정불변, 조화
reigning: 군림하는, 널리 퍼져 있는,
널리 유행하는, 세도를 부리는
rejoice: 기뻐하다, 기쁘게 하다,
축하하다, 향유하다, 가지고 있다,
좋아하다, 을 누리고 있다, 즐기다,
괴상한 이름을 가지고 있다
relapse: 재발, 타락, 되돌아감, 퇴보,
병이 도지다, 도짐, 다시 나쁜길에
빠지다, 되돌아가다, 타락하다, 병의
재발, 원상태로 되돌아가다
relaxing: 나른한, 맥빠지게 하는,
몸을 나른하게 하는, 날씨가 몸을
나른하게 하는
relentlessly: 용서없이, 무정하게,
냉혹하게
remembrance: 기념, 기억, 회상,
추억, 기념품, 기억력, 전갈, 기억의
범위, 유물, 잊지 않고 있음, 안부를
묻는 전언
remembrances: 전언, 안부를 묻는
전언
reminiscences: 회고담
remnant: 나머지, 유물, 자투리,
찌꺼기, 잔존물, 지스러기, 잔여,
나머지 의, 유풍, 자취, 끄트러기
remorse: 양심의 가책, 후회, 연민,
회한, 자책, 자비
render: 번역하다, 연출하다,
나타내다, 돌려주다, 제출하다,
보답하다, 표현하다, 하다, 이
되게하다, 내다, 교부하다
rendering: 번역, 표현, 연주, 연출,
반환, 정제, 초벌칠, 교부, 인도,
번역문, 묘사

renown: 명성, 고명, 영명
repeating: 연발하는, 반복하는,
순환하는, 되풀이하는
replete: 포식한, 충만한, 포만한,
충분한, 가득찬, 충분히 공급된
repose: 눕히다, 쉬다, 침착, 휴식,
두다, 영면하다, 자다, 휴지, 영면,
걸다, 조화
repress: 억누르다, 억압하다,
억제하다, 진압하다, 정복하다
reproach: 불명예, 비난, 질책, 치욕,
꾸짖다, 비난의 말, 비난하다,
책망하다, 체면을 손상시키다, 망신,
의 체면을 손상하다
republish: 재판하다, 재공포하다,
재발행하다, 다시 공포하다,
번각하다, 취소를 해제하다
repugnance: 모순, 반감, 불일치,
중요, 증오, 싫증, 질색
repulsive: 쌀쌀한, 반발하는,
물리치는, 혐오감을 일으키는,
쫓아버리는, 불쾌한, 반향하는,
냉정한, 몹시 불쾌한
requisite: 필요한, 요건, 필수품,
필요조건, 필요물, 요소, 없어서는
안될, 필수의
re-search: 재탐색하다, 다시찾다
resemblance: 유사, 닮은 얼굴, 닮음,
외관, 유사물, 초상, 그림, 외형, 상,
비슷함, 모양
resemble: 닮다, 와 비슷하다, 을
닮다, 을 ...에 비기다
resolute: 단호한, 굳게 결심한,
의연한, 불굴의, 할 결의인,
굳은결의의
respecting: 에 관하여
respiration: 호흡, 호흡작용, 단숨,
한번 숨쉼
resplendent: 빛나는, 눈부신,
눈부시게빛나는, 찬란한, 찬연한
restive: 반항적인, 침착성이 없는,
고집센, 나아가기를 싫어하는,
다루기 힘드는, 다루기 힘든, 들떠
있는, 불안해하는, 앞으로 나아가려
않는, 침착하지 못한, 하기 힘든
restrain: 구속하다, 억제하다,
제지하다, 감금하다, 자유를 빼앗다,
속박하다, 못하게 하다, 누르다,
말리다, 수감하다, 방지하다
restrained: 자제된, 억제된, 삼가는,
차분한, 절도있는, 절도 있는
resurrection: 부활, 그리스도의 부활,
시체의 도굴, 전인류의 부활, 재유행,
예수의 부활, 발굴, 부흥, 시체
따위의 도굴, 생각의 영화, 부훙
resuscitation: 소생, 부흥, 회복, 부활
retardation: 감속도, 지연, 방해,
방해물, 지체량, 지능발달의 지연,
지능 발달의 지연, 저지
Edgar Allan Poe
retina: 망막, 눈의 망막
retiring: 은퇴하는, 수줍은, 퇴직의,
삼가는, 내성적인, 수줍게, 물러나는,
내향적인, 겸손한, 암띤, 퇴직자의
retribution: 보복, 응보, 천벌, 징벌,
벌 righteous: 공정한, 당연한, 바른,
revel: 술잔치, 한껏 즐기다, 주연을
베풀다, 환락, 음주 등에 낭비하다,
에 빠지다, 술마시고 흥청거림, 매우
기뻐하다, 마시고 흥청거리다, 술로
낭비하다, 몹시 즐기다
reveller: 주연을 베푸는 사람,
술마시고 떠드는 사람
reverberation: 반향, 반사, 반사광,
반사열, 반사열처리, 반향음, 여운
reverend: 목사, 성직의, 거룩한,
성직자, 숭상할 만한, 신부, 존경할
만한, 존귀한, 님
reverie: 몽상, 환상, 환상곡, 망상,
공상
revive: 부활하다, 소생하다,
환원시키다, 되살아나다, 환기하다,
재유행하다, 재상연하다,
회복시키다, 상기하다, 회상하다,
기운이나다
revolving: 회전하는, 회전식의,
회전장치의, 선회하는, 윤전식의
revulsion: 격변, 회수, 유도법,
혐오감, 잡아뗌, 되돌아감, 급변,
급격한 반동, 극도의 불쾌감, 반감,
극도의 반감
rhetorical: 수사학의, 수사학상의,
수사적인, 웅변적인
rheum: 감기, 점막분비물, 카타르,
눈물, 비 카타르, 점막 분비물
rhymed: 운을 맞춘
rialto: 시장, 극장가, 베니스의
상업지구, 증권거래소, 베니스
대운하의 대리석 다리, 리알토교,
리알토, 거래서, 리알토가
ribbon: 리본, 리본 모양의 것, 가늘고
길게 쪼갠 널빤지, 끈, 에 리본을
달다, 고삐, 리본 모양으로 되다,
리본 모양으로 퍼지다, 리본의, 에
리본 모양의 것을 달다, 시계의 태엽
riches: 부, 많음, 재물, 재보, 재산,
풍부
richly: 부유하게, 충분히, 풍요하게,
값지게, 농후하게, 풍부하게,
자양분있게
richness: 귀중, 부유, 풍부, 비옥,
풍요, 훌륭함, 자양분, 윤택, 맛좋고
실속있음
ridden: 시달린, 지배된, 압제받은,
득실거리는, 고통받은, 무턱대고
많은, 악몽 따위에 시달린
riddle: 수수께끼, 풀다, 정사하다,
어레미, 수수께끼 같은 말을 하다,
난제, 난문, 체질하다, 탄환 등으로
297
구멍 투성이로 만들다, 체질해 내다,
통과하다
rift: 균열, 가르다, 금, 갈라지다, 틈,
뻐개진 틈, 열극, 쪼개다, 쪼개지다,
찢다, 갈라진 데
정당한, 고결한, 정의의, 정직한,
바른사람, 지당한, 올바른, 올바르다
rightful: 올바른, 당연한, 적법의,
정당한, 정의에 입각한, 합법의
rigidity: 엄격, 엄숙, 강직, 엄밀,
경직, 굳음, 강도, 불굴, 강성률,
단단함, 강직성
rigidly: 굳게, 엄밀히, 완고하게
rigorous: 엄밀한, 혹독한, 정확한,
준비, 정밀한, 엄밀하게, 호된,
엄격한, 장비, 엄한, 사람 등이
혹독한
rigorously: 엄격하게, 혹독하게,
엄하게
ripe: 익은, 원숙한, 난숙한, 화농한,
붉고 탐스러운, 상스러운, 잘발달된,
준비가 다 된, 천한, 푹 곪은, 한창의
ripping: 멋지게, 멋진, 훌륭하게,
훌륭한
ripple: 웨이브, 잔물결, 잔물결이
일다, 파문, 웅성웅성하는 소리,
삼바디, 물결모양, 잔 물결,
잔물결소리, 찰랑찰랑, 파문을
일으키다
rivalry: 경쟁, 대항, 적대, 필적
rivulet: 개울, 시내, 작은 시내
roar: 으르렁거리다, 울리다, 노호,
포효, 폭소, 외치다, 노호하다,
고함치다, 반향하다, 소리쳐 말하다,
왁자그르르 웃다
roaring: 떠들썩한, 포효, 활발한,
으르렁거림, 술마시며 떠드는, 소리,
경기가 좋은, 굉음, 극도로,
노호하는, 굉굉히 울리는
robber: 강도, 도둑, 약탈자
robe: 예복, 법복, 긴 유아복, 의복,
덮개, 길고 헐거운 겉옷, 옷, 예복을
입다, 관복, 장식하다, 예복입히다
robust: 튼튼한, 건장한, 억센, 강건한,
조야한, 감칠맛 있는, 강한, 격심한,
정력적인, 튼튼하게 만든, 확고한
rocking: 흔들리는, 진동, 흔들리는
흔들림
romancer: 공상가, 로맨스작가, 전기
소설가, 전기소설작가, 터무니 없이
꾸민 말을 하는 사람, 꾸며낸
이야기를 하는 사람, 터무니없이
꾸민 말을 하는 사람, 가공 소설
작가, 로맨스 작가
romanticist: 낭만주의자, 로맨틱한
사람
rooted: 뿌리깊은, 뿌리박은, 정착한,
뿌리있는, 뿌리를 박고 붙어 있는,
 298 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
움직이지 못하는, 뿌리를 박은
rosemary: 로즈메리, 로즈메리의 잎,
상록관목, 여자 이름, 정절등의 상징
rougher: 대충 만드는 사람
roundness: 둥긁, 솔직함, 완전함,
호됨
ruby: 루비, 홍옥, 진홍색, 루비색의,
루비색, 여자 이름, 진홍색의, 보석,
진홍색으로 물들이다, 빨간 포도주,
붉은 포도주
rudderless: 키가 없는, 지도자가
없는, 키를 잃은, 방향타가 없는,
방향타를 잃은
rudely: 조잡하게, 무례하게,
버릇없이, 거칠게, 불쑥, 격력하게
rudeness: 버릇없음, 난폭, 무례, 자연
그대로, 조잡, 시끄럽기
rudimental: 흔적의, 발육부전의
rudiments: 징조
rue: 후회하다, 슬퍼하다, 비탄, 후회,
유감으로 여기다, 회오, 연민,
뉘우치다, 운향, 한탄하다,
안했더라면 하고 여기다
ruffling: 세포의 파동 운동
rugged: 울퉁불퉁한, 엄격한, 괴로운,
귀에 거슬리는, 험악한, 껄껄한,
주름진, 세련되지 못한, 튼튼한,
폭풍우의, 거친
ruin: 파멸, 폐허, 손해, 파산, 몰락,
파멸시키다, 피해, 잔해, 파괴하다,
영락, 몰락한 사람
ruinous: 황폐한, 파멸을 가져오는,
파괴적인, 영락한, 터무니없이 비싼,
몰락한, 파멸을 초래하는, 파괴된
ruins: 손해
rum: 이상한, 술, 럼 술, 기묘한,
서투른, 럼주, 만만찮은, 위험한,
어려운, 별스런, 럼술
rumbling: 소문, 투덜대기,
우르르소리내는, 우르르소리, 불평,
불만
rumor: 소문, 소음, 풍문, 유언비어,
풍설, 풍설 소문을 내다, 소문내다,
소문을 내다
rung: 가로장, 가로대, 살, 단, 단계,
사닥다리의 가로장, 바퀴의 살
rushing: 러닝 플레이로 나아간 거리,
러싱
rustling: 살랑살랑 소리나는, 활발한,
활동적인, 옷스치는 소리가 나는,
가축 도둑질, 살랑살랑 소리
sable: 검은담비, 암흑의, 흑색, 그
가죽, 검은담비의 털가죽, 검정색,
검은담비가죽의, 검은담비털의
safeguard: 호위, 보호, 보호하다,
안전 통행권
saffron: 사프란색, 사프란, 사프란
색, 사프란색의
sagacious: 현명한, 슬기로운, 명민한,
기민한, 슬기롭다, 영리한
sagaciously: 현명한, 명민한
sagacity: 현명, 총명
sailor: 선원, 수병, 수부, 수병 모자,
해군 군인
salle: 대청, 홀
saloon: 술집, 바, 객실, 홀, 큰 방,
사교실, 오락장, 큰 홀, 특별 객차,
라운지, 세단형 자동차
sanctify: 신성하게 하다, 정당화하다,
성별화 하다, 정화하다, 죄를 깨끗이
하다
sanction: 재가, 제재, 지지, 인가,
국제적 제제, 상벌, 인가하다, 제재
규정을 두다, 법의 강제력, 재가하다
sanctum: 사실, 성소, 서재, 밀실,
신성한 장소
sands: 사주
sane: 제정신의, 합리적인, 분별이
있는, 건전한
sanity: 건전, 온건, 정신이 건전함,
제정신
sarcastic: 풍자적인, 빈정대는말,
풍자, 비꼼, 빈정댐, 말, 비꼬는,
빈정대는
sarcophagus: 석관
sassafras: 사사프라스, 그 뿌리의
말린 껍질
sate: 물리게하다, 물리게 하다
satin: 새틴, 매끄러운, 공단, 공단의,
공단 같은 윤을 내다, 공단 같은,
수자 같은 표면, 나방의 일종
savage: 야만적인, 야만인, 잔인,
사나운, 잔인한, 황량한, 세련되지
못한, 최고의, 야만적인 사람, 물어
뜯다, 나체의
scaly: 비늘이 있는, 비늘 모양의,
인색한, 물때가 낀, 천한, 벗겨져
떨어지는
scant: 인색한, 가까스로의, 모자라는,
불충분한, 인색하게 굴다, 좀 부족한,
경시하다, 아껴서, 아까워하다,
부족한
scarce: 드문, 부족한, 희귀한,
결석하다, 결핍한
scare: 겁냄, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 겁을
집어먹다, 으르다, 놀람, 깜짝 놀라는
일, 겁, 놀라게 하여 쫓아버리다,
소동, 위협하다, 겁내다
scarred: 상처 자국을 남긴
scenery: 풍경, 경치, 무대 배경, 세트,
배경, 무대면
sceptical: 회의적인, 의심많은,
무신론적인, 의심 많음
scepticism: 회의, 회의론, 의심,
회의설, 무신론
scheherazade: 인도 왕의 아내
scholar: 학생, 장학생, 학자, 학식,
어학자, 학식이 있는 사람
schoolboy: 남학생, 학생 다운,
학생의
scimitar: 언월도, 초승달처럼 굽은 칼
scorn: 경멸하다, 경멸, 떳떳하게
여기지 않다, 냉소하다, 경멸받는 것,
거절하다, 조소하다, 경멸받는 사람
scoundrel: 악당, 깡패, 건달의
scourge: 천벌, 몹시 괴롭히다,
매질하다, 채찍, 벌하다, 매,
징벌하다, 채찍질하다
scowl: 찌푸린 얼굴, 잔뜩 찌푸린
날씨, 험악 해지다, 험한 날씨,
얼굴을 찌푸리다
scrap: 오려낸 것, 폐기하다, 폐물,
파쇠, 작은 조각, 파편, 부스러기로
하다, 주먹다짐하다, 쇠부스러기,
싸움꾼, 잡동사니
scrape: 켜다, 긁어 모으다, 문지르다,
문질러 만들다, 푼푼이 모으다, 비벼
스치며 나아가다, 문질러 지다,
긁어모으다, 면도하다, 발을 비비다,
고생
screwed: 나사로 고정시킨,
나사모양의, 술 취한, 엉망인, 나사로
죈, 술취한, 비뚤어진
scruple: 망설임, 예사로, 태연히,
주저하다, 미량, 스쿠루플, 주저,
꺼리다, 스크루플, 양심의 가책, 의심
scrupulous: 양심적인, 고지식한,
신중한, 주의 깊은, 정확한, 꼼꼼한
scrupulously: 양심적인, 고지식한,
신중한, 정확한, 주의 깊은
sculptural: 조각품, 조각, 조각의
scythe: 큰 낫, 수레바퀴에 단 낫, 큰
낫으로 베다
seaman: 뱃사람, 수병, 항해자, 선원
seashell: 조개, 조가비
seasoned: 길든, 양념한, 잘 마른,
조미한, 노련한, 경험이 많은,
경험을쌓은, 잘마른
seclusion: 격리, 은퇴, 은둔
secrecy: 비밀, 기밀 엄수
secrete: 비밀로 하다, 분비하다,
숨기다
secretly: 비밀히, 소리를 내지 않고,
몰래
secundum: 에 따라, 에 의하여
securely: 안전히 하다, 안전한,
보증하다, 단단히 잠그다, 보험에
들다, 붙들어 매다, 확신하는,
구하다, 가두다, 획득하다, 튼튼한
sedate: 수수한, 진지한, 침착한,
차분한, 점잖은, 진정시키다
sedge: 사초속의 식물, 사초 같은,
사초
seeming: 겉으로의, 외관상의 겉보기,
외관, 겉모양, 외관상의, 표면만의
seize: 잡다, 압류하다, 침범하다,
이용하다, 움켜쥐다, 이해하다,
 Edgar Allan Poe 299
잡아매다, 잘 알고 있다, 붙들어 그림자 있는, 그림자가 많은, 그림자 예시하다, 나타내다, 중요하다, 의
매다, 덮치다, 엄습하다 같은, 환상의, 흔적을 나타내는 전조가 되다
seizing: 압류, 잡기, 동여맴, shamefully: 부끄러운, 창피한 silken: 비단의, 사치스러운,
동여매는 밧줄, 점유, 움켜짐, 꼭쥠, sharpness: 날카로움, 높은 가락, 반드러운, 비단 같은, 비단옷을 입은,
빼앗음, 소유, 붙잡기 선명, 격렬, 교활, 급함, 갑자기 꺾임, 부드러운, 비단 옷을 입은, 입에
seizure: 압류, 강탈, 잡음, 발작, 가파름, 영리, 험준함 감치는, 견모가 밀생한, 명주 같은,
붙잡음 sherry: 셰리, 셰리주 명주의
self-conceit: 자부심, 허영심 shew: 흥행, 기회, 보임, 삼위, 시늉, silvery: 은빛의, 은과 같은, 은을
self-defence: 정당 방위, 호신, 자기 시도, 흔적 함유한, 은 같은, 은의, 은방울을
방어, 자위 shingles: 대상포진, 대상 포진 굴리는 듯한
self-esteem: 자존, 자 부심, 자존심 shivering: 몸의 떨림, 전율 simeon: 시므온, 남자 이름
self-evident: 자명한 showy: 화려한, 허세를 부리는, 눈에 similarity: 유사, 비슷함, 상사
self-possession: 냉정, 유연, 침착 띄는, 허세부리는 simile: 직유
self-suggestion: 자기 암시 shriek: 비명, 새된 소리를 지르다, 그 similitude: 비교, 외모, 유사, 비슷함,
self-willed: 제멋대로의, 자기 소리, 을 새된 목소리로 말하다 직유
주장의, 고집센 shrill: 새된 소리로, 강렬한, 날카로운 simoon: 열풍
semblance: 유사, 외관, 겉꾸밈, 외형, 소리, 날카롭게, 높은 소리로, 새된 simpleton: 바보, 얼간이
허울 목소리, 새된 목소리로 말하다, 새된 sincere: 성실한, 진실의
senseless: 무감각한, 무분별한, 목소리로, 날카로운 소리를 내다, sincerity: 성실, 성의, 정직
무의식의, 몰상식한, 무감각의, 날카로운, 과장된 sine: 사인
무의미한 shrine: 묘, 신전, 성체 용기, 사당, singly: 단독으로, 혼자서, 제 힘으로,
sensibility: 감각, 감수성, 감정, 감실에 모시다, 감실, 성당, 성물함, 하나씩, 한 사람씩
감각력, 민감, 섬세한 감각, 섬세한 을 사당에 모시다, 성골함, 전당 singular: 단수, 단 하나의, 단수의,
감정 shrink: 뒷걸음질, 정신과 의사, 현저한, 각각의 단수의, 보통이 아닌
sentience: 유정, 지각력, 감성, 뒷걸음질 치다, 움츠리다, 추측, 단수, 멋진, 이상한, 개개의, 훌륭한,
감각성, 직각 줄어들다, 줄어들게 하다, 방축 단수형
sentient: 마음, 지각력이 있는 사람, 가공하다, 수축, 오그라들다, singularly: 단수로, 단수, 이상하게,
지각력이 있는 것, 지각력이 있는, 움츠러지다 훌륭한, 각각의 단수의, 개개의, 단
감각 력이있는, 의식하는, 감각력이 shrinking: 움츠리는, 겁내는, 하나의, 독특한, 멋진, 이상한,
있는 사람, 감각력이 있는 것, 움츠리는 것 현저한
감각력이 있는 shroud: 덮개, 수의, 양옆뱃전에 버틴 sinister: 불길한, 왼쪽의, 사악한,
sentiment: 의견, 감상, 정서, 감정의, 돛대줄, 싸는 것, 양 옆뱃전에 버틴 불행한, 방패의 왼쪽의, 부정직한,
감상적인, 다감, 정취, 다감한, 감정, 돛대줄, 지하 예배당, 돛대 밧줄, 음험한, 악의가 있는
감정에 흐르는 경향, 감정적인 생각 측판, 수의를 입히다, 가리다 sinking: 가라앉음, 내려앉는, 쇠약
sentry: 보초, 파수, 망꾼 shrub: 관목 가라앉는, 쇠퇴하는, 가라앉는
sepulchral: 무덤의, 음침한, 무덤 shrubbery: 관목 숲, 관목을 심은 길 sire: 폐하, 아버지, 아비말, 노년자,
같은, 매장에 관한 shrunken: 시든 전하, 아비, 낳게 하다
sepulture: 매장, 무덤, 묘소 shudder: 떨다, 떪, 몸서리치다, 떨림, skeleton: 해골, 골격, 골자, 뼈대,
sequel: 계속, 결과, 후편, 추이 몸서리 해골의, 여윈, 여윈 사람, 줄기,
seraglio: 궁정, 후궁, 도장방, 처첩의 shuddering: 쭈뼛해지는, 떠는, 최소한도의, 조직
방, 매춘굴, 터키의 옛 궁전, 몸서리치는 skilful: 숙련된, 잘 만들어진
회교국의 궁전 shudderingly: 벌벌 떨며, 오싹하여, skim: 스쳐 지나가다, 로 덮이다,
seraph: 세라핌, 치품 천사, 천사 몸서리치며 미끄러져 나가다, 대충 훑어 읽다,
seraphim: 의 복수형 shutter: 셔터, 덧문, 개폐기, 셔터를 떠내다, 그물, 의 노른자위를 빼내다,
serge: 서지, 세루 달다, 문을 달다, 덧문을 닫다, 닫는 그물 국자, 엷은 층으로 덮다,
serpent: 뱀, 뱀자리, 악마, 유혹자, 사람, 닫는 것, 겉창을 닫다 웃더껑이, 웃더껑이의 제거
음험한사람, 세르팡, 뱀 같은 사람, si: 시 sky-blue: 하늘색, 하늘색의
뱀좌 sickening: 병나게 하는, 지겨운, slack: 느린, 늦추다, 늘어진, 침체된,
serpentine: 사문석, 뱀같은, 메스꺼운, 구역질나게 하는, 분탄, 느즈러진 곳, 느즈러진,
꾸불꾸불한, 음험한, 음흉한, 뱀 욕지기나게 하는 느슨한, 좋지 못한, 약해지다, 슬랙스
모양의, 꾸불꾸불 구부러지다, sickly: 병약한, 골골하는, 감상적인, slant: 경향, 기울다, 물매, 편견으로
에스자 곡선, 서펜타인 연못, 뱀춤 몸이 나쁜, 창백한, 역겹게 하는, 말하다, 견지, 경사, 곁눈, 관점,
servitude: 고역, 노예 상태, 복역, 병난, 건강에 나쁜, 싫증 나는, 기울게 하다, 비스듬한, 빈정댐
예속, 용역권, 노예임 병자같은, 욕지기나게 하는 sleeper: 자는 사람, 침대차, 침목,
settling: 앙금, 침전물, 식민, 결정, sidelong: 옆의, 비스듬한, 곁에, 뜻밖에 성공하는 사람, 예상 외로
내려앉음, 고정, 맑아짐 옆으로 성공한 것, 잠옷, 슬리퍼 에이전트,
severity: 괴로움, 엄격, 간소, 격렬, sidereal: 별의, 항성의, 별자리의, 야경, 예상 외로 성공한 사람
모진 경험, 통렬함 성좌의, 항성으로 측정된 sleepy: 졸음이 오는 듯한, 졸린, 너무
shadowy: 공허한, 덧없는, 몽롱한, signify: 의미하다, 중대하다, 익어 속이 썩기 시작한, 잠자는 듯한,
 300 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
졸리는
slender: 가느다란, 마른, 얼마 안
되는, 빈약한, 미덥지 못한, 미덥지
않은, 협음의, 모자라는, 호리호리한
slime: 찰흙을 칠하다, 찰흙, 점액,
끈적끈적한 것, 찐득찐득한 것,
진흙투성이가 되다, 점액으로
뒤덮다, 언짢은 것, 악의 세계,
미꾸라지처럼 미끈미끈 빠져
나가다, 더러운 것
slimy: 더러운, 끈적끈적한,
흙투성이인, 질척질척한,
굽실굽실하는, 진흙투성이의, 불쾌한
slippery: 불안정한, 미끄러운, 믿을
수 없는, 속임수의, 뻔뻔스러운,
의미가 선명하지 않은, 잡을 데가
없는
sloop: 외대박이 돛배, 슬루프형의
범선
sloping: 경사진, 비스듬한, 비탈진
sluggish: 느린, 게으름 피우는,
불경기인, 활발치 못한, 게으른,
기능이 둔한, 부진한
sluggishly: 불경기인, 게으른, 활발치
못한, 게으름 피우는, 느린
slumber: 휴지하다, 잠, 잠자다,
잠자면서 보내다, 활동을 쉬다,
무기력 상태, 혼수 상태
slur: 또렷치 않은 연속 발음, 연결
기호, 소홀히하다, 분명치 않게 계속
말하다, 모욕하다, 모욕, 대충
훑어보다, 계속해서 연주하다, 중상,
눈감아주다, 가볍게 다루다
smack: 갑자기, 정면으로, 입맛 다심,
맛, 찰싹, 기미, 풍미, 맛이있다,
쪽하고 소리내다, 쪽하는 키스, 찰싹
때리다
smelt: 용해하다, 제련하다, 빙어,
빙어 무리의 식용어
smitten: 깊이 감동된, 세게 맞은
smoky: 연기나는, 거무칙칙한,
그을은, 매운, 연기와 같은, 검은
연기투성이의, 침침한, 연기색의
smother: 묵살하다, 찜으로 하다,
자욱한 연기, 야단법석, 쉬쉬하다,
퍼붓다, 묻다, 대혼란, 눌러 참다,
끄다, 질식 시키다
sneer: 비웃다, 비웃어 말하다, 조소,
비웃음, 멸시, 비웃는 말, 비웃듯이
말하다, 비웃으며 말하다, 비웃는
태도, 비웃듯이 쓰다
snore: 코를 골다, 코골기, 코골며
보내다
snort: 콧김, 씨근거리, 배기음,
콧김을 뿜다, 씩씩 소리내다, 스노클,
소방용 수압 기중기, 소량,
씩씩거리며 말하다, 잠수용
플라스틱 관, 증기를 뿜다
snowball: 눈뭉치, 불두화나무,
차례차례 권유시키는 모금, 백발의
흑인, 점점 커지다, 에 눈덩이를
집어던지다, 스노볼, 까마귀밤나무의
꽃, 눈덩이 식으로 늘리다, 눈덩이식
모금, 눈싸움을 하다
snowy: 오점이 없는, 눈의, 눈이
오는, 눈이 쌓인, 눈이 썅 눈같은,
설백의, 눈이 많은, 순백의
snubby: 사자코의, 냉정히 대하는
snuffy: 성낸, 코담배같은, 역겨운,
부루퉁한, 화난, 코담배색의, 코담배
냄새나는
soar: 높이 날기, 높이 올라가다,
폭등하다, 부풀다, 치솟다, 일정한
높이를 활공하다, 활공의 고도,
활공의 범위, 솟구치다, 높이 치솟다,
날기
sobbing: 흐느껴 우는
sober: 수수한, 술이 깨다, 냉정한,
취하지않은, 진지한, 분별 있는, 맑은
정신의, 마음이 가라앉다, 마음을
가라앉히다, 과장 없는, 침착해지다
socket: 소켓, 소켓에 끼우다, 구멍,
접속하다, 클럽의 힐, 꽂는 구멍,
끼우는 구멍, 에 소켓을 달다, 와,
클럽의 힐로 치다
socle: 받침돌, 주춧돌, 굄목
socrates: 소크라테스
sod: 잔디, 뗏장, 잔디로 덮다,
저승에서, 비역쟁이, 남색자, 잔디를
입히다, 놈, 뒈지다, 땅
soften: 부드럽게 하다, 저항력을
약화시키다, 연성으로 하다,
상냥하게 하다, 저항력을 약화
시키다, 연하게 하다, 연약하게 하다,
덜다, 누그러지다, 누그러지게 하다,
낮게 하다
softening: 연수법, 연화, 노망,
뇌연화, 우둔
softness: 조용한, 수월한, 연한,
흐릿한, 온화한, 상쾌한, 조용하게,
부드럽게, 부드러운물건, 부드러운,
매끈한
sojourn: 위안, 위안물, 위로, 묵다,
체류
solace: 위안, 위안물, 위로, 위안을
얻다, 덜어주다, 위안이 되는 것,
위안하다, 위로하다
solemn: 엄숙한, 정식의, 격식 차린,
신성한, 종교 상의, 진지한, 심각한
표정의, 종교상의, 중대한
solemnity: 의식, 장엄, 엄숙, 점잔뺌,
정식, 점잔 뺌
solemnly: 엄숙하게, 장엄하게,
진지하게
solicit: 간청하다, 교사하다, 구하다,
끌다, 권유하다, 뇌물을 써서
애걸하다, 손님을 끌다, 유혹하다
solicitously: 걱정하는, 열망하는,
열심인
solidity: 견고, 고체성, 견실, 단단함,
밀도 짙음, 체적, 굳음, 실질적임,
입체성, 고체
solidly: 고체, 속이 비지 않은,
순수한, 견실한, 신뢰할 수 있는,
고체의, 단결된, 두꺼운, 똑 같은,
멋진, 사이가 좋은
solitary: 고독한, 혼자의, 외로운,
단독의, 혼자사는 사람, 혼자 사는
사람, 유일한, 분리된, 인적이 없는
solitude: 고독, 쓸쓸한 곳, 독거, 외딴
곳, 황야
solo: 독주, 독창, 단독 비행, 독무대,
솔로의, 독창곡, 단독의, 단독으로,
단독 연기, 단독 비행하다, 독주곡
sombre: 수수한, 어두컴컴한, 음침한,
침울한, 거무칙칙한, 어둠침침한
sooth: 진실, 참으로, 진실의,
누그러뜨리는
soothing: 누그러뜨리는, 달래는
듯한, 달래는
sophist: 궤변론자, 궤변가
sophistry: 궤변, 구차한 억지 이론,
궤변술, 궤변법
sorcery: 마법, 마술
sore: 상처, 아픈, 언짢은 추억,
지독한, 성마른, 슬픈, 아프게,
얼얼한, 비통, 힘차게, 진무른데
sorrow: 불행, 슬픔, 고난, 슬픈,
슬퍼보이는, 아쉬움, 슬퍼하다, 후회,
고생
sorrowful: 슬픈, 가슴아픈,
슬퍼보이는, 애처로운, 슬퍼하는,
슬프게 하는, 슬픔에 젖은, 후회하는
soulless: 영혼이 없는, 기백 없는,
무정한
sounding: 수심, 과장된, 측연선으로
잴 수 있는곳, 거창하게 들리는,
소리를 내는, 울려 퍼지는, 측심,
조사, 측연이 미치는 측정 범위, 수심
측량, 소리나는
soundless: 깊이를 헤아릴 수 없는,
아주 깊은, 소리나지 않는, 깊이를 잴
수 없는, 소리 없는
soundly: 충분히, 건전한, 확실한,
합리적인, 철저한, 강하지않은,
안전한, 건전하게
sour: 신 것, 신, 사워, 까다로운,
시게하다, 지르릉하게 하다,
찌무룩한, 시큼한, 산패한, 발효한,
냉습한
southeastern: 남동의,
남동으로부터의, 남동에 있는,
남동으로의, 미국 남동부 특유의,
미국 남동부의
southward: 남으로부터, 남으로,
남쪽에, 남쪽으로, 남쪽으로의,
남쪽의
 Edgar Allan Poe 301
southwardly: 남쪽의, 남에서 부는, 고속으로 움직이는, 고속 진행 startle: 놀람, 깜짝 놀라게 하다,
남향의 speedy: 즉시의, 민속한, 재빠른, 깜작놀라다, 펄쩍 뛸 만한 놀람, 펄쩍
sovereign: 주권자, 최고의, 최상의, 조속한, 빠른 뛰게 하다
주권이 있는, 자주의, 군주, 독립의, spherical: 구의, 구형의, 구면의 startled: 놀란
독립국, 영국의 옛날의 일파운드 spicy: 싸한, 향료 같은, 방향이 있는, startling: 놀랄 만한, 기겁하게 하는
금화, 영국의 옛1파운드 금화, 상스런, 생기가 있는, 짜릿한, 양념을 startlingly: 놀랄만큼, 놀랍도록
특효가 있는 넣은, 외설한 starvation: 굶주림, 아사, 박봉의
spacious: 넓찍한, 넓은, 드넓은 spider: 삼발이, 프라이팬, 거미, stately: 위엄 있는, 장엄한
spade: 흑인, 가래, 삽, 포미박기, 거미같은, 아주 가느다란 statuary: 조상, 조상가, 조상술,
스페이드한벌, 스페이드, spiral: 나선형의, 나선, 연속적 변동, 조소술, 조소의, 조각가
스페이드페, 한 가래의 분량, 나선 비행, 나선형으로 하다, stature: 발달, 신장 성장, 키, 성장,
스페이드패, 삽으로 파다, 끌로 소용돌이선, 나선형으로 상승하다, 성장도
잘라내다 나선형을 그리다, 나선형으로 stead: 대신, 장소, 이익, 도움, 남에게
spades: 스페이드 한 벌 강하하다, 나선상 진행 과정, 쓸모가 도움이 되다, 남에게 쓸모가
spareness: 수고를 아낌, 강마름, 나선비행 있다
게으름을 피움, 결핌, 결핍, 깡마름, spirited: 활기찬, 원기 있는, 정신의, stealthily: 몰래, 은밀히
부족 한 정신을 가진, 힘찬 stealthy: 몰래 한, 비밀의, 남의 눈을
sparkle: 불꽃, 생기, 번쩍이다, spirituality: 영성 피하는
번쩍임, 빛나다, 발하다, 거품이 spite: 악의, 원한, 앙심으로, 에 steeped: 깊이 스며든, 액체에 담근,
알다, 거품 남, 재기, 재기의 번득임, 짓궂게 굴다, 을 돌보지 않고, 에도 뒤덮인, 둘러싸인
불꽃을 튀기다 불구하고, 짓궂게 굴다, 앙갚음하다 steeple: 뾰족탑, 뾰족한 탑
sparkling: 반짝이는, 번득이는, splendor: 빛남, 훌륭함, 장려, 광휘를 stemmed: 의 줄기가 달린, 줄기나
거품이 이는, 불꽃을 튀기는 나타내는 것, 광휘를 주는 것, 현저 꼭지를 떼어낸
sparsely: 성기게, 드문드문, splitting: 포복절도할, 머리가 쪼개질 stern: 황량한, 엄격한, 고물, 쓸쓸한,
드문드문하게, 빈약하게, 희박하게 것 같은, 쪼개지는, 신속한, 파편, 선미, 굳은, 준엄한, 단호한, 고물
sparta: 스파르타의, 검소하고 굳센 우습기 짝이 없는, 나는듯한, 귀청이 별자리, 피할 도리가 없는, 엉덩이
spasm: 경련, 발작 터질것 같은, 재빠른, 나는 듯한 sternly: 엄숙하게, 단호하게,
spasmodic: 경련의, 흥분한, splotch: 큰 얼룩, 얼룩지게 하다, 큰 피폐하게, 엄격하게, 엄하게
발작적인, 경련성의 얼룩점 stertorous: 숨이 거친, 코고는 소리가
spasmodically: 경련으로, springing: 도약운동, 스프링 큰, 크게 코를 고는
발작적으로, 하다말다하여 springy: 경쾌한, 용수철 같은, 탄력 stifle: 억누르다, 질식시키다,
specious: 그럴듯한, 허울좋은, 있는, 샘이 많은, 습한, 탄력이 있는, 숨겨두다, 진압하다, 끄다,
외양만 좋은 샘물이 많은, 탄성이 있는 숨막히게하다. 끄다, 숨막히게하다,
speck: 얼룩, 극히 작은 조각, 반점을 spun: 자은, 실 모양으로한, 숨을 막다, 숨이 가쁘다
찍다, 작은 반점, 점을 붙이다, 흠을 잡아늘인, 잡아 늘인, 지칠 대로 지친 stifling: 답답한, 숨막힐 듯한,
찍다, 흠을 붙이다, 지방, 잔 알맹이, spurious: 가짜의, 사생아의, 딱딱하고 거북한, 거북살스러운,
점을 찍다, 작은 얼룩 그럴싸한, 비논리적인, 의사의 숨막힐듯한
speckled: 얼룩덜룩한, 반점이 있는 squandering: 낭비하는 stillness: 침묵, 조용한 환경, 정적,
spectacle: 구경거리, 안경, 광경, squeak: 찍찍 울다, 삐걱거리다, 끽끽 고요, 평온, 소리 없는 곳, 고, 고요함
장관, 보기에 도 지겨운 것, 타자의 거리다, 아슬아슬하게 피함, 쥐 우는 sting: 찌르다, 찌르기, 자극하다,
재차의 무득점, 보기에 도 딱한 것 소리, 찍찍 소리를 내다, 끽끽소리로 속이다, 격통, 가시, 얼얼하다, 고통,
spectacles: 안경 말하다, 삐걱거리는 소리, 성공하다, 바늘이 돋치다, 엄청난 값을 부르다,
spectral: 스펙트럼의, 허깨비의, 앙앙, 앙앙울다 빈정거림
유령의, 유령 같은 stab: 찌르다, 찌름, 찌르며, 덤벼들다, stirring: 감동시키는, 붐비는, 활발한,
spectre: 유령, 요괴, 무서운 것 기도, 구멍을 뚫다, 면을 거칠게 하여 활약하는
speculate: 추측하다, 사색하다, 도벽재료와 잘 붙게 하다, 몹시 stockholm: 스웨덴의 수도
투기를 하다, 의 부기를 하다, 해치다, 쑤시고 아픔, 찌르듯이 stony: 돌의, 돌이 많은, 무표정한,
투기하다 아프다, 찌르려고 대들다 무정한, 돌같은, 부동의, 냉혹한,
speculative: 사색적인, 위험을 stagnation: 굄, 불경기, 침체 망연자실하게 하는, 씨가 많은,
내포한, 순이론적인, 투기의, stain: 얼룩, 오점, 더러워지다, 착색, 돌처럼 단단한
투기적인, 위험한 착색하다, 흠, 더럽히다, 손상시키다, stout: 뚱뚱한, 튼튼한, 용감한, 살찐,
speculatively: 사색적인, 순이론적인, 얼룩지다, 얼룩을 묻히다, 더럼 흑맥주, 억센, 비만형의 옷, 끄떡도
위험을 내포한, 투기의 stair: 계단, 한 단, 단, 계단용의, 않는, 독한, 스타우트
speechless: 말을 못하는, 잠자코 계단의, 하나하나의 단 strangeness: 이상함, 소립자상태를
있는, 말 못하는, 말문이 막힌, starboard: 우현으로 돌리다, 우현, 규정하는 입자고유의 양자수, 기묘
말하지 않는, 이루 형언할 수 없는 진로를 오른쪽으로 잡다, 우현의, strangle: 교살하다, 억압하다,
speedily: 즉시의, 재빠른, 조속한, 우현쪽의 질식시키다
민속한, 빨리 starry: 별이 많은, 별처럼 빛나는, strap: 가죽끈, 가죽숫돌, 기죽
speeding: 속도위반, 속도를 위반한, 별빛의, 별의, 별모양의, 별 모양의 손잡이, 띠쇠, 혁지, 혁지로 갈다,
 302
손잡이 가죽끈, 가죽끈으로 때리다,
가죽으로 묶다, 견장, 반창고를
붙이다
stray: 길을 잃다, 길 잃은, 길 잃은
가축, 드문, 뿔뿔이 흩어진, 일행에서
뒤처진, 방황하다, 못된 길로 빠지다,
집잃은 아이, 헤매다, 고립한
strayed: 길을 잃는
streak: 줄, 광맥, 질주하다, 줄이
지다, 성향, 나체로 대중 앞을
달리다, 줄무의, 기미, 줄무늬지다,
경향, 줄을 긋다
streaming: 흐름, 능력별 학급 편성
stricken: 맞은, 다친, 덮친, 습격당한
strictness: 엄격함, 엄밀함, 엄중함,
직립성
stride: 쉽사리 헤어나다, 한걸음,
활보하다, 큰걸음, 큰 걸음으로 걷다,
성큼넘다, 급히 가다, 큰 걸음, 걸터
앉다, 한걸음의 폭, 걸터 서다
stringed: 현이 있는
striped: 줄무늬가 있는, 줄이 있는
stupendous: 굉장한, 엄청난, 깜짝
놀랄 만한
stupidly: 어리석게도, 마취되어
stupor: 무감각, 혼수, 망연
sturdily: 건강하게, 억세게,
불굴으로, 튼튼하게
suavity: 온화, 정중한 태도, 기분좋음
sub: 보결 선수, 하위의, 대신하다,
보충원, 소위, 잠수함, 중위, 대리를
보다, 보결, 대역을 하다, 선불하다
subdued: 억제된, 가라앉은, 차분한,
조용한, 완화된, 약해진, 낮춘,
낮아진, 정복된
sublimation: 승화, 순화, 고상하게
함, 이상화
sublime: 고상하게 하다, 장엄한,
승화시키다, 고상한, 숭고, 장엄,
숭고하다, 승화하다, 고상하게 되다,
웅대한, 최고의
sublunary: 이 세상의, 지상의,
월하의, 달 밑의
subside: 가라앉다, 침전하다,
잠잠해지다, 삐다, 내려앉다, 앉다,
빠지다
substantiality: 실재성, 견고, 실질성,
진가, 실체, 실질, 본체, 알맹이있음
substantive: 명사로 쓰여진, 현실의,
실명사의, 본질적인, 명사, 독립의,
실사, 실명사
subterranean: 지하의, 숨은, 비밀의,
지하에 사는 사람, 지하에서 일하는
사람, 지하에 사를 파는 사람
subterrene: 용융 드릴
succeeding: 계속되는, 다음의
successively: 연속적으로, 잇따라서,
잇달아서
succinctly: 간결하게, 간명하게
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
suction: 빨기, 빨아들이게 하는,
흡인, 흡인력에 의하여 움직이는,
흡입관, 흡인 통풍, 빨기의
suddenness: 갑작스러움, 별안간,
돌연
sufferance: 인내력, 묵허, 관용,
덕분에, 묵인, 인내
sufferer: 환자, 수난자, 고생하는
사람, 이재자, 이재민, 괴로워하는
사람
suffice: 에 충분하다, 충분하다,
만족시키다, 족하다
suffocation: 질식, 질식시킴
suggestive: 암시적인, 연상시키는,
유혹적인, 암시하는, 암시의,
생각나게 하는, 유발시키는 듯한
sullen: 음산한, 찌무룩한, 지르퉁한,
찌푸린 얼굴, 육중한, 실쭉한
sullenly: 부루퉁하여, 뿌루퉁한,
뚱하여
sulphureous: 황질의
sulphurous: 유황을 약간 함유하는,
유황의, 천둥의, 황의
summon: 소집하다, 불러 일으키다,
요구하다, 호출하다, 에게 항복을
권고하다, 소환하다, 에 권유하다
summons: 소환, 소집, 호출, 법정에
소환하다, 호출하다, 소환하다, 출두
명령
sunder: 가르다, 찢다, 갈라지다,
때다, 분리되다, 따로 따로
sunk: 침몰된, 물밑의, 움푹한
sunken: 물밑의, 움푹 들어간,
가라앉은, 내려앉은, 살이 빠진,
움푹한
sunrise: 해돋이, 해뜰녘, 초기
sunset: 말기, 해질녘, 일몰, 저녁놀,
종말, 일물
superabundance: 과다, 여분,
여분으로 있음, 과잉
supererogation: 의무 이상으로
근무하기, 여공
supererogatory: 직무 이상으로
근무하는, 가외의
superfluous: 여분의
superhuman: 초인적인, 사람의 짓이
아닌, 신기의, 신의
superintendence: 감독, 관리, 지휘
superiority: 우월, 우세
supernaturally: 초자연적으로
superscription: 위에 쓰기, 표제, 명,
수취인 주소성명
superstition: 미신, 사교
superstitious: 미신에 사로잡힌,
미신저긴, 미신의
supervene: 잇따라 일어나다,
병발하다, 연달아 일어나다
supinely: 반듯이 드러누워, 나태하게
supposing: 이라면, 만약
supposition: 상상, 가정
supposititious: 상상의, 가짜의,
위조의
surcingle: 뱃대끈, 뱃대끈을 매다
surf: 밀려오는 파도, 파도를 타다,
바닷가에 밀려서 부서지는 흰 파도
surge: 파동, 큰 파도, 격동, 풀어주다,
파도치다, 밀어닥치다, 물결 침,
늦추다, 끓어오르다, 굽이침,
파도처럼 밀려오다
surname: 별명, 성, 수리남
surpass: 보다낫다, 보다 낫다
surpassing: 뛰어난, 비상한, 우수한,
빼어난
surpassingly: 비상하게, 우수하게,
뛰어나게
susceptibility: 감정, 감수성, 느끼기
쉬운 상태, 자화율, 느끼기 쉬운 성질
susceptible: 을 할수 있는, 예민하게
느끼는, 민감한, 동하기 쉬운, 을
허락하는, 정에무른, 느끼기 쉬운,
받기 쉬워서, 허용하여
suspense: 걱정, 서스펜스, 미결정,
불안, 이도저도 아님, 정지, 미결
suspiciously: 수상쩍게, 의심쩍게,
의심많게, 의심스럽게
sustaining: 버티는, 자주프로의,
떠받치는, 몸에 좋은, 몸에 기운을
내게 하는
sward: 잔디로 덮다, 잔풀로 뒤덮다,
잔디로 뒤덮다, 잔디밭
swarm: 떼짓다, 무리, 군중, 떼지어
분봉하다, 떼, 다수, 꿀벌떼, 기어
오르다, 부유 세포군, 분봉하다, 벌
떼
sway: 흔들다, 동요, 지배하다,
좌우하다, 지배, 의 결의를 움직이다,
흔들리다, 좌우 하는 힘, 자유로이
하는 힘, 의 의견을 움직이다
sweeping: 청소, 일소하는, 일소,
파죽지세, 전반에 걸친, 불어제침,
밀어내림, 먼지, 대대적인, 쓰레기,
소탕
sweepings: 쓸어 모은 것
sweetly: 상냥하게, 달게, 귀엽게,
향기롭게, 기분 좋게, 기분좋게, 잘
들어, 아름답게
sweet-scented: 냄새 좋은
swell: 멋쟁이, 부풀다, 멋진, 달인,
붇다, 증대, 명사, 훌륭한, 맵시 있는,
늘다, 높이다
swelling: 팽창, 기복, 종기, 부푼,
증대 융기한, 증대, 융기한, 팽윤
sweltering: 무더운, 찌는 듯한,
찌는듯이 더운, 더위에 지친
swiftness: 빠름, 신속, 순식간임,
즉시, 하기 쉬움
swimmer: 헤엄치는 사람, 수영자,
헤엄치는사람, 헤엄치는동물
 Edgar Allan Poe
swinging: 경쾌한, 흔들리는, 활발한, 사나워지게 하다
활개젓는, 진동하는, 음률적이고 tempestuous: 격렬한, 사나운
생동하는, 유행의 첨단을 가는, 비바람의, 폭풍같은, 대폭풍우의,
성적으로 자유분방한, 기운찬, 대폭폭설의
앞뒤로 흔들림, 앞뒤로 흔들리는 temporal: 시간의, 현세의,
swollen: 부푼, 물이 불은, 과장된 관자놀이의, 측두골, 때의, 순간적인,
swoon: 기절, 차츰 사라져 가다, 세속의, 때를 나타내는, 속세의,
졸도, 졸도하다, 기절하다, 약해지다 세속적인 일, 세속적인 것
syllabification: 분철법, 음절구분 tenable: 지킬수 있는, 유지할 수
syllable: 음절, 한마디, 철자, 일언, 있는, 계속할 수 있는, 공격에 견딜
음절로 나누다 수 있는, 주장할 수 있는
sylph: 공기의 요정, 미소녀, tenderly: 상냥하게, 예민하게, 상하기
아름다운 여자 쉽게, 유약하게
symmetry: 조화, 균형, 좌우 대칭, tenderness: 유연함, 마음이 무름,
대칭 민감, 애정, 유연, 친절, 다정
synonymous: 동의의, 동의어의 tenuity: 가늚, 희박, 엷음, 빈약, 얇음
syria: 시리아, 고대 시리아 tenure: 보유, 그 기간.조건, 조건, 그
tainted: 더럽혀진, 썩은 기간, 신분보장, 신분보장권
tangible: 분규, 확실한, 만져서 알수 termination: 종결, 말단, 한계, 만기,
있는, 엉킴, 혼란, 유형재산, 만져서 결말, 종료, 어미, 바지, 종점
알 수 있는, 명백한 terrestrial: 지상의, 지구의, 육지의,
tangled: 얽힌, 혼란을 일으킨, 분규의 인간, 육상의, 속세의, 육지에 사는,
tantalize: 보여서 감질나게 하다, 지상에 사는것, 육생의, 지구상의,
주는 체하고 안주다, 감질나게 하다, 지구상의 생물
애타게 하다 terrific: 무서운, 굉장한, 대단한,
taper: 점점 줄다, 초먹인 심지, 끝이 이상한, 훌륭한, 무시무시하다,
가는, 끝이 뾰족함, 약한 빛, 가는 초, 무섭다, 소름이 끼치다
점점 가늘어지다, 끝이 가늘어진, terrifically: 맹렬히, 무시무시하게
끝이 뾰족해진, 점점 가늘게 하다, terrified: 겁먹은, 무서워하는, 겁에
점점 적어지다 질린
tapering: 끝이 가늘어진, 끝이 terrify: 겁나게하다, 겁나게 하다,
뾰족해진, 끝이 뾰죽해진, 점점 무섭게 하다
적어지는, 체감의 testimony: 증명, 항의, 십계, 증언,
tapestry: 무늬 놓은 두꺼운 천, 증거, 신의 가르침, 신앙 성명, 성서,
태피스트리, 태피스트리로 장식하다 십계명, 고백, 증엄
tardily: 느리게, 완만하게 texture: 직물, 결, 조직, 감촉, 천감,
tariff: 요금표, 관세표, 관세, 요금, 직조하다, 질감 묘사, 직조법, 기질,
운임, 의 요금을 정하다, 관세를 색조 묘사
부과하다, 운임표 theatrical: 극장의, 연극의, 연극
tarn: 작은 호수, 제비갈매기 같은, 연극, 연극조의, 연극적 행동
tasteful: 풍아한, 품위있는, 풍류있는, thee: 너를, 너에게
취미가 고상한, 멋을 아는, 풍류를 thence: 그때부터, 그러므로,
아는 거기서부터, 그런고로, 그곳에서부터
tattered: 해진 옷, 누덕누덕한, thenceforward: 그래서, 그러므로,
망그러진, 산산조각이 난, 해진 그곳에서부터, 그때부터, 그때이래
tattoo: 문신, 귀영북, 귀영 나팔, thereabout: 그 근처에, 대략, 그
조랑말, 톡톡 두드리다, 북 소리, 무렵에, 그 당시, 쯤, 그쯤, 그부근에,
귀영나팔, 군악 연주회, 문신하다 그분근처에, 그분근에
technicality: 전문적임, 전문어, therefrom: 거기서부터
학술사항, 전문적 성질, 전문적 사항, therein: 그 속에, 그 점에서, 그
전문적 방법, 전문적 절차 가운데에
tedium: 권태, 지겨움 thereof: 그것의, 거기서부터, 그것에
teeming: 풍부한, 우글우글한, 지식이 관해서, 그것으로부터
많은, 새끼가 많은, 다산의, 넘치는, thereupon: 그위에, 그러므로,
풍부함 그리하여, 거기서, 그 위에, 그 후
temperament: 기질, 평균율, 성미, 즉시
격정, 체질, 격한 성미 therewith: 그것과 함께, 곧, 그
tempest: 대소동, 사나운비바람, 까닭에, 그것으로 써, 그리하여,
폭풍우, 대폭풍우, 대폭설, 몹시 그래서
303
thickness: 두께, 농후, 두꺼움, 농도,
굵음, 두꺼운 부분, 빈번, 치밀, 혼탁,
머리가 둔함, 굵기
thief: 도둑
thine: 너의 것
thinker: 사상가, 생각하는 사람,
사색가
thirdly: 세 번째로, 세번째로, 세째로,
제3으로, 제삼으로
thirst: 갈증, 갈망, 갈망하다, 목마름,
한잔 마시고 싶다, 목마르다
thither: 저기에, 저쪽에, 저쪽의,
저쪽으로
thoroughness: 충분함, 완벽함,
철저함, 면밀함, 완전
thou: 너는, 네가, 달러, 당신은, 천개,
파운드
thoughtful: 생각에 잠긴, 주의 깊은,
인정있는, 사려 깊은, 생각이 깊은,
인정 있는
thoughtfully: 생각에 잠겨, 친절히,
생각이 깊게
thoughtless: 인정 없는, 경솔한,
사려가 없는, 생각이 없는
thrice: 매우, 세번, 세 번, 몇 번이고
thrill: 스릴, 전율, 떨리다, 오싹하다,
몸떨림, 스릴러, 오싹하는 느낌, 몸에
사무치다, 감동시키다, 스릴물, 떨림
thrilling: 오싹하게 하는, 스릴
만점의, 감격적인, 소름이 끼치는,
떨리는, 장렬한, 두근두근하게 하는,
자릿자릿하게 하는
thrillingly: 골이 오싹하게,
감격적으로
throbbing: 두근거리는
throng: 군중, 쇄도하다, 혼잡,
모여들다, 중압, 에 모여들다, 많은
것의 집합, 떼를 지어 모이다, 가득
메우다
thunder: 위협, 우레, 천둥, 비난,
호통, 장기를 가로채다, 요란한 울림,
천둥치다, 위협하다, 호통치다,
요란한 소리를 내다
thunderbolt: 벼락, 청천 병력, 뇌전,
성미가 벼락 같은 사람, 번개
thwart: 반대하다, 카누의 창막이,
좌절시키다, 보트나 카누의 가로장,
가로질러, 가로지른, 방해하다,
훼방놓다, 가로놓인, 보트 젓는
사람의 좌석, 을 가로질러서
thy: 그대의
thyself: 너 자신, 그대 자신
tier: 열, 층층으로 포개어 다, 일련의
군, 그 한 단, 매는 것, 매는 사람,
앞치마, 일련의 주, 층, 층층으로
쌓다
tiger: 범, 호랑이, 강적, 포악한 사람,
최저의 수, 호랑이 잔인한 남자,
호랑이 같은 남자, 호랑이 사나운
 304 Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
남자, 만세 삼창 후에 붙이는
tile: 기와, 기와를 이다, 타일, 하수
토관, 타일을 붙이다, 실크해트, 패,
비밀 지킬 것을 맹세케 하다, 토관,
모자
time-honored: 예로부터의
timely: 시기적절한, 때에 알맞은,
적시의, 때맞춘 적시안타, 적시에,
일찍이
time-worn: 오래되어 낡은, 케케묵은
timid: 겁많은, 수줍어하는,
머뭇거리는
tinge: 티, 물들이다, 가미하다, 기미,
엷은 색, 조금바꾸다, 엷게 착색하다,
기, 에 기미를 띠게 하다, 엷은 색조
tingle: 딸랑딸랑 울리다, 따끔따끔
아프다, 흥분, 쑤심, 조마조마함,
쑤시다, 마음 졸이다, 얼얼함,
따끔거리게 하다, 좀이 쑤심,
딸랑딸랑 소리
tint: 에 색을 칠하다, 엷게 물들이다,
기, 엷은빛깔, 선음영, 색채, 색조,
백색바림, 색의 농담, 엷은 빛깔,
색채의 배합
tiptoe: 발끝, 살그머니, 발끝으로,
열심히, 발끝으로 걷다, 살그머니
하는, 주의 깊은, 크게 기대하고
있는, 발끝으로 서 있는, 발끝으로
선, 발끝으로 걷는
titled: 직함이 있는, 위계를 지닌,
작위가 있는, 칭호가 있는
toga: 직복, 토가, 상원 의원의 직,
상원 의원의 지위, 예복, 고대 로마
시민의 긴 겉옷
toil: 수고, 힘드는일, 그물, 수고하다,
올가미, 고생, 노고, 애써 나아가다,
짐승 잡는 그물, 힘써 일하다, 을
애써 이룩하다
toils: 짐승을 잡는 그물
token: 기념품, 표, 이름만의,
대용화폐, 명목상의, 암호, 유물,
점점, 증거, 전조, 신호
tolerable: 참을수 있는, 상당한, 참을
수 있는, 웬만한, 꽤 건강한
tolerably: 참을성 있게, 참을 수 있을
정도로
tomb: 무덤, 매장하다, 묘비, 죽음
torment: 고통, 괴롭히다, 못살게
굴다, 나무라다, 그원인, 고민,
괴롭힘, 곤란하게 하다, 고문대
tormentor: 써레, 고기 집는 긴 포크,
괴롭히는 사람, 반향 방지 스크린,
고통을 주는 사람, 무대 양 의
가림막, 무대 양 옆의 가림막,
괴롭히는 물건
torpid: 마비된, 무감각한, 활발치
않은, 오크스퍼르드 대학의 춘계
보트 레이스, 움직이지 않는,
동면하는
tortoise: 거북, 느림보, 귀갑 모양의
큰 방패, 귀갑대, 남생이
torture: 고문, 곡해하다, 고통, 을
고문하다, 몹시 괴롭히다, 억지로
갖다 붙이다, 억지로 비틀다, 억지로
꼬부리다, 고문하다, 괴롭히다, 심한
고통
torturer: 괴롭히는 것, 고문하는 사람,
괴롭히는 사람
totality: 전체, 합계, 완비, 개기식,
개기식의 시간
totter: 비틀거리다, 비틀거림,
뒤뚝뒤뚝 걷다, 흔들리기, 흔들리다,
넝마주이, 흔들거리다
tout: 상태를 몰래 살피다, 졸라대다,
정보를 제공하다, 정보 제공을
업으로 삼다, 상태를 살피다,
끈질기게 요구하다, 강매하다,
성가시도록 권유하다, 예상꾼, 팔다,
지분지분하게 권하다
towered: 탑이 있는
tract: 소책자, 팜플렛, 지역, 관, 넓이,
기간, 계통, 넓은 땅, 소논문, 다발,
넓은 면적
trailing: 길게 나부끼는, 질질끌리는,
기는
trait: 특색, 특징, 얼굴 모습, 특성,
일필
traitorous: 반역의, 배신하는,
반역죄의, 배반적인
trance: 꿈결, 비몽 사몽, 황홀상태,
실신, 황홀, 황홀하게 만들다
tranquil: 조용한, 평온한, 차분한
tranquility: 평온, 고요의 바다, 평정,
고요함, 고요, 차분함
tranquillity: 평온, 침착, 평안, 평정
tranquilly: 평온하게, 조용하게,
차분하게
transient: 덧없는, 일시적인, 단기
체류의, 단기 체류객, 과도 현상,
일시적인 사람, 일시적인 사물, 잠깐
머무르는, 외부에 작용하는
translate: 번역하다, 옮기다,
해석하다, 고쳐 만들다, 이동시키다,
이동하다, 헌 재료로 만들다, 헌 옷
등을 만들다, 헌 구두 만들다,
중계하다, 병진시키다
translator: 역자, 수리인, 번역자,
자동 중계기, 통역, 번역 루틴,
자동중계기, 번역루틴
transparency: 투명, 투명양화,
투명도, 투명 도안, 각하
transparent: 투명한, 솔직한, 명료한,
빤히 들여다뵈는, 명백한, 명쾌한
treacherous: 배반하는, 믿을 수 없는,
의지가 안되는, 반역하는, 기대에
어긋나는
treatise: 논문, 논설
trellised: 격자가 있는
tremble: 진동, 흔들리다, 조바심하다,
전율하다, 떨하다, 떨림,
전전긍긍하다, 전율, 떨다, 떨게 하다
trembling: 전율하는, 떨림, 떨리는,
전율, 떨기, 전율 떠는
tremor: 전율, 떨림, 떨리는 목소리,
오싹오싹하는 흥분, 미동, 진전
tremulous: 떨리는, 전율하는,
겁많은, 떨린, 겁 많은
tremulousness: 떨림, 전율
trepidation: 전율, 공포, 떨림
triangular: 삼각의, 삼자간의, 삼자의,
삼각형의
tribe: 종족, 부족, 족, 패거리, 대가족,
이스라엘 12지파의 하나, 다수의
사람, 다수의 동물
trickle: 똑똑 떨어지다, 소량, 실개천,
뚝뚝 떨어짐, 조금씩 누설되다,
조금씩 흩어져 가다, 드문드문 오다,
드문드문 흩어져 가다, 똑똑
떨어지게 하다, 물방울, 조금씩 오다
trifle: 소량, 낭비하다, 트라이플,
실없는 짓을 하다, 가지고 장난하다,
만지작 거리다, 사소한일, 소홀히
하다, 실떡거리다, 약간, 하찮은일
trifling: 하찮은, 경박한, 시시한,
사소한, 게으른
triple: 세 부분으로 된, 세겹의,
삼중으로 되다, 삼배의 수, 삼배의
양, 삼중으로 하다, 삼배으로 되다,
삼루타, 삼배으로 하다, 삼중의
tripod: 삼각, 삼각 걸상, 삼각의, 삼각
의자, 삼각기, 삼각대, 그 모조품
triumphant: 의기양양한, 승리를
거둔, 의기 양양한, 승리를 얻은
triumphantly: 기고 만장하여, 의기
양양하여, 의기양양하여
troop: 군대, 수송하다, 사귀다, 떼,
모이다, 편성하다, 일단 무리,
몰리다, 떼지어 나가다, 대, 기병
중대
troublesome: 귀찮은, 골치 아픈,
다루기 힘든, 성가신, 까다로운,
말썽부리는
trout: 송어, 송어를 잡다, 송어의,
송어를 낚다, 추한 노파
trowel: 모종삽, 흙손으로 바르다,
흙손, 극구 칭찬하다, 모종삽으로
파다
trumpery: 잠꼬대, 굴퉁이, 한찮은,
허튼소리, 겉만 번드르르한, 시시한,
겉만번드르르한, 겉보기만 좋은
물건, 헛소리
trumpet: 트럼펫, 나팔, 나팔 같은
소리를 내다, 나팔 모양의 물건, 나팔
불다, 나팔형 확성기, 나팔로 알리다,
퍼뜨려 알리다, 소라고둥, 나팔을
휴대한 전령, 퍼뜨리다
trunk: 트렁크, 줄기, 주요한, 간선,
 Edgar Allan Poe
중계선, 몸통, 코, 주요부, 본체, unassuming: 겸손한, 주제넘지 않은
트렁크스, 전화 중계회선 unattainable: 이룰 수 없는, 도달하기
trunks: 트렁크스 어려운, 얻기 어려운
trustingly: 믿고, 안심하고, 안심하여, unattended: 치료를 받지 않은,
신용하여 방치된, 수행원이 없는, 돌봄을 받지
trysail: 작은 세로 돛, 트라이슬 않은, 수반하지 않은, 출석자가 적은,
tub: 통, 목욕시키다, 목욕통, 통에 출석자가 없는, 참가자가 적은,
넣다, 뚱보, 목욕, 느리고 모양 없는 참가자가 없는
매, 동이, 한통의 분량, 목욕통에서 unavoidably: 어쩔 수 없이, 피할 수
몸을 씻다, 뚱뚱보 없이
tulip: 튤립, 튤립 꽃, 튤립 구근 unawed: 두려워하지 않는, 태연한
tumbling: 텀블링 unbecoming: 어울리지 않는, 맞지
tumult: 흥분, 혼란, 소동, 떠들썩함, 않는, 보기 흉한, 버릇없는, 온당치
소란, 소요, 격동 못한
tumultuous: 떠들썩한, 혼란한, unbidden: 명령받지 않은, 초대받지
흥분한, 동요한 않은, 자발적인, 초청받지 않은,
tumultuously: 시끄럽게, 동요되게 요청받지 않은
turbulent: 광포한, 거친, 소란 unblemished: 흠이 없는, 오점이
스러운, 소란스러운, 휘몰아치는 없는, 결백한, 깨끗한, 흠집 없는,
turf: 잔디, 잔디로 덮다, 토탄, 떼, 더러운 데가 없는
경마, 한 장의 뗏장, 땟장, 내쫓다, unborn: 후세의, 미래의, 아직
토탄을 캐다, 경마장 태어나지 않은, 아직 태어나지않은,
turpitude: 비열, 배덕 태내의, 장래의
twig: 알다, 깨닫다, 이해하다, 잔 unbound: 족쇄가 벗겨진, 매여 있지
가지, 알아차리다, 가는 가지, 않은
감지하다, 작은 가지, 점대 unbounded: 무한의, 한정되지 않은,
twilight: 황혼, 여명, 희미한 빛, 억제할 수 없는
땅거미, 어둑새벽, 어스레하게 밝은, unbridled: 구속이 없는, 방일한,
여명기, 미광, 어슴푸레한 짐작, 굴레를 매지 않은, 말굴레를 매지
어스름, 희미하게 비추다 않은, 억제되지 않은
twinkling: 경쾌한, 어른거림, unburied: 아직 매장되지 않은,
반짝반짝 빛나는, 반짝임, 번득이는, 무덤에서 발굴된
순간, 번쩍거리는, 번드거임, unceasing: 끊임 없는, 끊임없는
반짝거리는, 깜ㅃ가임, 깜빡임 unceasingly: 부단하게
twofold: 이중으로, 이배의, 둘로 unceremoniously: 버릇없이,
접히는 무대 배경, 두요소의, 경솔하게, 마음을 터 놓고, 예의 없이
두부분의, 두배로 uncharitable: 무자비한, 가차없는,
typhus: 발진티푸스 엄한
typography: 인쇄, 활판 인쇄술, unclosed: 열려 있는, 완결되지 않은,
인쇄의 체재 활짝 열린, 열린채로의
tyranny: 포학한 행위, 전제 정치, uncommon: 드문, 비범한, 이상한,
포학, 폭정, 참주정치, 학대, 참주 흔하지 않은, 보통 아닌
정치, 무도한 행위 uncomplaining: 불평하지 않은,
ugh: 억, 윽 불평을 말하지 않는
ulterior: 저쪽의, 금후의, 장래의, unconditionally: 절대적으로,
뒤의, 마음 속의, 마음 의향 등 무조건으로
ultima: 최후의, 끝음절, 가장 먼, uncongenial: 맞지 않은, 성미에 안
긍음절, 마지막 음절 맞는, 부적당한, 싫은
ultramarine: 울트라머린, 감청색, unconnected: 관계가 없는, 앞뒤가
감청색의, 해외의, 바다 건너편의, 맞지 않는, 연속되지 않은, 조리가
바다 건너의, 군청색의, 울트라마린 맞지 않는, 연고가 없는, 연결되지
unaccountable: 설명할 수 없는, 않은
까닭을 알 수 없는, 책임이 없는 unconquerable: 정복할 수 없는,
unaccountably: 설명할 수 없게 무적의, 정복하기 어려운, 극복하기
unaccustomed: 익숙지 않은, 보통이 어려운
아닌, 별난, 예사롭지 않은, 의숙지 unconsciousness: 무의식, 인사 불성,
못한 현기증이 나다, 의식불명
unaltered: 불변의, 변경되지 않은 uncontrollable: 억제할 수 없는,
unassisted: 남의 도움이 없는 제어할 수 없는, 통제할 수 없는
305
uncounted: 세지 않은, 무수한
uncourtly: 우아하지 못한, 거친,
궁정예절에 익숙지 못한,
반궁정적인, 천한
uncouth: 거친, 서투른, 예의를
모르는, 무무한, 인적이 드문,
세련되지 않은
uncovered: 보험에 들지 않은, 모자를
쓰지 않은, 담보가 없는, 덮개가
없는, 노출된, 모자를 쓰지않는,
차페물이 없는, 덮게를 씌우지 않는,
차폐물이 없는
unction: 감언, 기름약, 연고,
겉으로만의 열심, 달래는 것, 도유,
도유식, 종교적열정, 사람을
감동시키는 태도 등, 사람을
감격시키는 어조, 기름부음
undecided: 어떻게 될지 모르는,
미결의, 미정의, 우유 부단한, 결심이
서지 않은, 아직 결정되지 않은
undergo: 견디다, 받다, 당하다,
경험하다, 만나다, 겪다, 격다
undergrowth: 덤불, 발육부진전,
관목, 발육 불충분, 잔털
undertone: 엷은 빛깔, 작음소리,
저음, 저류, 완화된 색, 다른 색으로
완화된 색, 기초음 아래의 배음
underwood: 총림, 큰나무 밑에 관목
undeviating: 벗어나지않는, 정도를
벗어나지않는, 탈선하지않는,
편차나지 않는
undiminished: 쇠퇴되지 않은, 줄지
않은
undisturbed: 평온한, 방해되지 않는,
방해받지 않은
undivided: 나눌 수 없는, 연속된,
골똘한
undue: 과도한, 기한이 되지 않은,
지나치게 많은, 부적당한, 매우심한,
부당한
undulated: 파상의
undulation: 파동, 기복, 음파, 진동,
동계, 광파, 굽이침
unearthly: 섬뜩한, 상식밖의, 이 세상
것 같지 않은, 비현실적인, 기분나쁜,
굉장한, 이세상의 것 같지 않은,
초자연적인, 터무니 없는,
무시무시한, 소름 끼치는
uneasily: 걱정하여, 불쾌하게, 불안
속에, 불안속에
uneasiness: 불안, 거북함, 걱정,
불쾌, 불유쾌
unendurable: 견딜수 없는, 견딜 수
없는, 참을 수 없는
unequal: 같지 않은, 불평등한, 감당
못하는, 부동한, 비등하지 않은
unequivocal: 명백한, 보호하지 않은,
모호하지 않은, 애매하지 않은
unexampled: 비할데 없는, 전례
 306
없는, 전례가 없는, 유례가 없는
unexplored: 아직 탐험되지 않은,
아직 탐구되지 않은, 아직 답사되지
않은
unfathomable: 깊이를 헤아릴 수
없는, 불가해한, 잴 수 없는, 심오한
unfinished: 미완성의, 완전히 마무리
되지 않은, 미완성인, 비육 불충분한,
마무리가 덜 된, 다듬지 않은
unfold: 펴다, 열다, 열리다,
펼쳐지다, 나타내다, 울에서 내놓다,
펴기
unformed: 미발달의, 정형이 없는,
아직 꼴을 이루지 않은, 아직 형제를
이루지 않은, 형성되지 않은, 미숙한
ungentlemanly: 야비한, 천박한,
신사답지 못한, 비신사적인
ungovernable: 제어가 어려운,
제어할 수 없는, 다스리기 어려운
ungracious: 무례한, 예절없는,
공손하지 않은
unguided: 인도없는, 유도 없는
unhappily: 비참하게, 운나쁘게,
불행하게, 불행히, 유감스럽게도
unhappiness: 불행, 비애, 불운, 비참
unheeded: 무시된, 돌봐지지않는,
배려되지 않는, 고려되지 않는
unhesitatingly: 민활하게, 주저하지
않고, 우물쭈물하지 않고
unholy: 사악한, 신성치 않은,
무서운, 신성하지 않은, 신앙심 없는
unhurried: 서두르지 않는, 신중한,
서두르지 않은
uniformity: 한결같음, 획일, 균일성,
고름, 균등, 등질, 일률, 일치, 일정
불변
uniformly: 균일하게, 한결같이,
한결같게
unimaginative: 상상력이 없는
unimpressive: 인상적이 아닌, 강한
감동을 주지 않는, 인상이 희박한
uninformed: 교육을 받지 않은,
소식을 받지 않은, 알려지지 않은,
무식한, 무학의, 소식 불통인, 지식이
없는, 충분한 지식이 없는, 정보를
받지 않은
unintelligible: 이해할 수 없는,
분명치 않은
uninterrupted: 끊임없는, 연속적인,
중단되지 않은
uninterruptedly: 부단하게,
연속적으로
unison: 조화, 제창, 일치, 화음, 동음,
제주, 일치하여, 동음의
unite: 결합하다, 일치하다, 하나로
하다, 결혼시키다, 겸비하다, 일치
시키다, 하나로 되다, 합병하다,
결혼하다, 제휴하다, 맞잡다
universality: 보편성, 일반성, 보급,
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
다방면성, 박식, 만능, 유포
universally: 도처에, 보편적으로,
널리, 일반적으로, 예외 없이,
전칭적으로
unlimited: 끝없는, 무한한, 무제한의,
부정의, 제한 없는, 한없는
unload: 처분하다, 탄알을 빼내다,
무거운 짐을 덜다, 부리다, 짐을
풀다, 짐을 부리다, 짐을 내리다,
짐을 덜다
unloveliness: 추함
unmanageable: 다루기 힘든,
제어하기 어려운
unmanned: 무인의, 승무원이 없는,
승무원이 타지 않은, 거세된, 사람이
없는, 주민이 없는
unmask: 가면을 벗기다, 가면을
벗다, 정체를 폭로하다, 의 가면을
벗기다, 의 가면을 벗다, 정체를
나타내다
unmeaning: 무의미한, 표정없는,
멍청한, 뜻없는
unnatural: 부자연한, 보통이아닌,
인도에 어긋나는, 이상한, 몰인정한,
자연적인 인정에 배치되는,
자연적인 본성에 배치되는,
자연적인 천성에 배치되는, 꾸민
티가 나는
unnecessarily: 불필요하게, 헛되이,
무익하게, 쓸데없이
unnoticed: 눈에 띄지 않는,
돌보아지지 않는, 주의를 끌지않는,
주목되지 않는, 주의되지 않는
unobtrusive: 겸손한, 주제넘지 않은
unoffending: 죄없는,
사람을성나게하지않는, 해롭지 않은,
해가 없는, 죄가 없는
unopened: 열려있지않은, 페이지가
아직 잘리지 않은, 개봉되지않은,
열리지 않은
unorganized: 무기의,
노동조합에가입하지않은,
조직돼있지않은
unparalleled: 전대 미문의, 견줄데
없는, 견줄 나위 없는
unpardonable: 용서할 수 없는,
용납할 수 없는
unperceived: 눈치채지 않은, 눈치
채이지 않은
unpleasantly: 불쾌하게, 불유쾌하게
unpretending: 허세부리지 않은,
겸손한, 삼가는, 인체하지 않는
unprincipled: 교리를 배우지 않은,
무절조힌, 줏대 없는
unprofitable: 무익한, 이익 없는,
이익이 없는
unqualified: 제한 없는, 순전한,
무조건의, 적임이 아닌, 자격이 업는,
제한되지 않은, 자격이 없는
unquestionable: 의심할 여지가 없는,
더할 나위 없는, 나무랄 데 없는,
의심할 나위 없는
unquestionably: 분명히, 의심이
없는, 의심할 나위 없이, 확실히
unquiet: 침착하지 못한, 들뜬,
불안한, 볼온한
unreal: 공상의, 실재 하지 않은,
실재하지 않는
unredeemed: 완화되지 않은,
상환되지못한, 보상되지 않은,
회수하지 못한, 상환되지 못한
unrelenting: 용서 없는,
굽힐줄모르는, 무자비한, 가차없는,
용서없는
unrelieved: 단조로운, 누그러지지
않은, 변화없는, 구제되지 않는,
구제받지 못한, 평면적인, 요철없는,
변화 없는, 명암 없는, 요철 없는
unreservedly: 기탄없이, 솔직히,
제한없이, 거리낌없이, 기탄 없이
unrounded: 입술을 둥글게 하지 않고
발음한
unruffled: 조용한, 냉정한,
떠들어대지않는, 물결이 일지 않은,
혼란되지않은, 파문이 일지 않은
unsatisfactory: 마음에차지않는,
불충분한, 불만족스런
unscrupulous: 비양심적인, 무법한,
예사로나쁜짓을하는, 거리낌없는,
사악한
unseen: 눈에 보이지 않는,
보이지않는, 본적이없는, 아직 본
일이 없는, 즉석의, 보이지 않는 것
unselfish: 이기적이아닌,
욕심이없는, 이기적이 아닌
unsightly: 보기 거북한, 꼴사나운,
보기 흉한
unspeakable: 이루말할수없는, 심한,
언어도단의, 형언하기 어려운,
말하기 싫은, 입에 담기도 싫은
unsteadily: 미덥지 못하게,
불안정하게
unsteady: 불안정한, 미덥지 못한,
변하기쉬운, 소행이 나쁜, 변하기
쉬운, 불안정하게 하다, 행실이
단정치 못한, 몸가짐이 단정치 못한
unstring: 실에서 뽑다, 약하게 하다,
의 줄을 벗기다, 긴장을 풀다, 현을
늦추다, 현을 풀다
unstrung: 느즈러진, 배우지 않은,
약해진, 줄이 느슨해진
unsuited: 부적당한, 어울리지 않은,
알맞지 않은
unsurpassed: 탁월한, 능가할 자
없는, 이겨낼 사람 없는
untenanted: 비어있는, 임대되지
않은
untimely: 때 아닌, 철 아닌, 때아닌
 Edgar Allan Poe
때에, 계제가 나쁘게, 계제가 나쁜, 최고위에, 최상에, 최고의, 맨 먼저
때에 맞지 않게, 시기 상조의, 계제 마음에 떠오르는, 맨 앞에, 맨 위에,
나쁜 맨 먼저
unto: 까지, 에, 에게로 uprise: 일어서다, 증대하다,
untold: 셀 수 없는, 이야기되지 않은, 오르막이되다, 오르다, 오르막, 상승,
밝혀지지 않은, 언급되지 않은, 떠오르다, 발생, 반란을 일으키다,
헤아릴 수 없는 치받이, 폭동을 일으키다
untouched: 언급되지 않은, 손대지 uproar: 소음, 큰소란, 소동, 소란
않은, 감동되지 않은, 논급되지 않은 upside: 위쪽, 상부, 혼란하여
untrue: 진실이 아닌, 불성실한, 맞지 upward: 상승하는, 위로 향하는,
않는, 성실하지 않은, 올바르지 않은, 이상, 위쪽으로, 위를 향해서, 위로
표준에 맞지 않는, 충실하지 않은, 향한, 위로 향하여, 에서 위쪽으로
치수에 맞지 않는, 본에 맞지 않는 upwardly: 이상, 상류로, 위쪽으로,
untutored: 소박한, 교육 받지않은, 이래
교사에게 배우지 않은, 무무한, 교육 usher: 수위, 안내하다, 조교사,
받지 않은, 교육에 의하지 않고 안내인, 안내를 맡은 사람, 접수계,
자연히 갖추어진 전갈하다, 전갈하는 사람, 선도
unutterable: 발음할 수 없는, 말도 임무를 맡다, 안내 임무를 맡다,
안되는, 이루 말할 수 없는, 말로 예고하다
표현할 수 없는, 철저한 utmost: 최대의, 가장먼, 극한, 최대
unwarranted: 보증되지 않은, 한도, 최고의 것, 가장 떨어진,
공인되지 않는, 보증이 없는, 최대한도, 최대한의, 최상의 것
정당하다고 인정할 수 없는 utter: 말하다, 전적인, 절대적인,
unwearied: 지치지 않은, 끈덕진, 완전한, 행사하다, 나타내다,
불굴의 발음하다, 순전한, 무조건의,
unwelcome: 싫은, 달갑지 않은, 발언하다, 입 밖에 내다
환영받지 못하는, 환영받지 못 하는, utterance: 말, 말씨, 발성, 발언, 발음,
반갑지 않은, 환 영받지 못하는 말로 나타내다, 소리, 말함, 어조,
unwittingly: 모르고, 의식하지 않고 언설, 입 밖에 냄
unwomanly: 여자답지 않은, uttermost: 가장 멀리 떨어진, 최대
여자에게 어울리지 않는, 남자같은, 한도의, 최대 한도
여자답지 않게, 여자로서 있을 수 vacancy: 공허, 결원, 공석, 방심, 틈,
없는 빈곳, 공백, 빈 자리, 빈자리, 공간,
unworthy: 의 가치 없는, 가치없는, 빈터
부끄러운, 비열한, 가치 없는, 변변치 vacillating: 동요하는, 망설이는, 우유
못한 사람, 알맞지 않은 부단한, 우유부단한, 결단성이 없는,
unwound: 감기지 않은, 감긴것이 진동하는
풀린 vain: 헛된, 쓸데 없는, 공허한,
unwrought: 제작되지 않은, 자부심이 강한, 헛되게, 경솔하게,
마무리하지 않은, 채굴하지 않은, 가치없는, 자만심이 강한, 속절없는
채굴되지 않은, 가공되지 않은, vale: 골짜기, 이별, 안녕히, 작별인사
개발되지 않은, 마무리되지 않은 valet: 종자, 보이, 돌보다, 시종,
upbraid: 꾸짖다, 비난하다, 책하다, 시종으로 섬기다, 남의 옷을 돌보다
비판하다, 신랄하게 비난하다, valorously: 씩씩하게, 용감하게
신랄하게 비판하다, 신랄하게 vanish: 사라지다, 영이되다,
힐책하다, 에게 구역질나게 하다, 을 소멸하다, 없어지다, 영이 되다,
비난하는 결과를 가져오다 소음, 희미해지다, 보이지 않게 하다
upholstery: 가구업, 가구류, 실내 vanity: 공허, 화장대, 무가치, 허영,
장식업, 실내 장식업 가구류, 실내 무익, 허영심, 허무함, 허황한 것,
장식품, 실내장식 재료, 실내장식업, 휴대용 화장품 상자
실내장식품, 실내 장식 재료 vapor: 증기, 증발하다, 증기를 내다,
uplift: 들어올리다, 향상시키다, 공상, 환상, 안개, 연무, 아지랑이,
고양하다, 들어올림, 향상, 고양, 실질이 없는 물건, 수증기, 뽑내다
브래지어의 일종, 외치다, 융기, 의 vapour: 허풍떨다, 증기, 침울,
정신을 앙양하다 증발하다, 부질없는 공상,
uplifted: 높여진, 향상된, 발산시키다
사기왕성한, 자랑스러운 variance: 변화, 상위, 불화, 변동,
uppermost: 최상의, 최초로, 가장 불일치, 다툼, 이간하다, 와 틀려,
눈에 띄는, 맨먼저 마음에 떠오르는, 평방 편차, 소장과 진술과의 상위
307
vase: 꽃병, 병, 단지, 병 장식
vastness: 광대한 넓이, 광대, 광대함
vault: 둥근 천장, 둥근 지붕, 지하실,
둥근 천장이 있는 장소, 푸른 하늘,
지하 납골소, 귀중품 보관실, 뛰어
넘다, 뛰다, 도약, 창공
vaulted: 아치형의, 아치형 천장의,
둥근 천장으로 된, 아치 모양
천장으로 된
veil: 베일, 감추다, 가리개, 구실,
너울, 덮어 가리는 물건, 막, 싸다,
베일을 걸치다, 덮개, 연구개
velvety: 부드러운, 촉감이 매끄러운,
맛이 순한, 벨벳 같은, 벨벳같은,
혀끝에 닿는 맛이 좋은
venerable: 부주교님, 존경할 만한,
가경자, 나이 먹어 존엄한, 오래되어
숭엄한, 오래된
veneration: 존경, 숭배, 숭상
venetian: 베니스풍의, 베니스의,
베니스사람, 베니스 사람, 베니스
풍식의, 베네치아 풍의, 베네치아
풍식의, 베네치아 사람, 베니스 풍의
vengeance: 복수, 극단으로,
철저하게, 원수 갚기, 원수갚기
vengeful: 복수심에 불타는, 복수심이
있는
venom: 악의, 원한, 독, 독설, 독액
vent: 환기용 작은 창, 항문, 터진
구멍, 터뜨리다, 에 구멍을 내다,
손구멍, 빠지는 구멍, 배출구를
찾아내다, 배출구, 바람 구멍, 나갈
구멍을 터주다
venus: 금성, 비너스, 절세의 미인,
비너스 여신의 그림, 비너스 여신의
상, 비이너스
verbatim: 축어적인, 축어적으로
verdant: 미숙한, 청청한, 푸른 잎이
무성한, 젊은, 초록의
verge: 가장자리, 기울다, 경계, 한계,
끝, 바싹 다가가다, 에 직면하다, 에
향하다, 접하다, 가, 향하다
veriest: 순전한, 철저한
verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로
veritable: 진실의, 실제의
vermin: 사회의 해충, 해충, 건달,
깡패, 해로운 짐승, 두더지 따위,
영국에서는 엽조나 가금을 해치는
매, 여우, 올빼미, 해수
versailles: 베르사이유
versed: 숙달한, 에 환한, 정통한
vestibule: 현관, 전정, 문간방, 연랑,
연결 복도를 설치하다, 접근로, 차
대는 곳, 출입방, 에 입구방을
설치하다
vestige: 흔적, 발자취, 퇴화 기관,
극히 조금, 발자국, 아주 조금, 자취,
흔적 기관
vesture: 의복, 가리개, 덮개, 에게
 308
옷을 입히다, 씌우개
vex: 성나게 하다, 짜증나게하다, 을
분해하다, 뒤흔들리게 하다,
동요시키다, 괴롭히다, 초조하게
하다, 격랑이 일게 하다
vexation: 애탐, 괴롭힘, 화냄,
고민거리, 고통, 고민, 귀찮은 사물,
애태움, 속상함, 괴로움의 원인,
번뇌의 원인
vexed: 안절부절 못하는, 곤란한,
마음 아픈, 성난, 머리를 이프게 하는
viand: 식품, 성찬, 음식
vibration: 진동, 떨림, 마음의 동요,
동요, 진동 시키기, 정신적 전파
vibratory: 진동하는, 진동의, 떨리는
vicinity: 근처, 근접, 주변, 근방, 부근
vie: 경쟁하다, 다투다, 우열이 없다
vigilance: 불침번, 경계, 불면증,
철야, 조심, 불면, 각성 상태, 각성
활동, 각성
vigilant: 자지 않고 지키는, 방심하지
않는, 경계하는, 경계하고 있는
vigor: 활기, 정력, 활력, 원기,
구속력, 힘
vigorously: 원기있게
vile: 지독한, 빈약한, 야비한,
부도덕한, 대단히 나쁜, 하찮은,
변변찮은, 상스러운, 비열한, 몹시
나쁜, 비참한
villain: 악한, 놈, 악인, 이 자식, 녀석,
천민, 이놈, 농노
violate: 강간하다, 통과하다,
침입하다, 깨뜨리다, 어기다,
더럽히다, 범하다, 방해하다,
위반하다, 위배하다, 의 신성을
더럽히다
violation: 위반, 위배, 방해, 강간,
모독, 침입, 침해
violently: 맹렬하게, 격렬히, 세차게,
심하게, 난폭하게, 폭력적으로
violet: 제비꽃, 제비꽃 향기가 나는,
보라빛, 보라빛의, 보랏빛이다,
보랏빛, 제비꽃 속의 식물, 보라색의
virginian: 버지니아주의,
버지니아주의 사람
virtu: 미술품, 골동품, 뛰어난 가치,
미술품 애호
virtuoso: 예술의 거장, 골동품에
정통한 사람, 미술품 감정가, 거장,
미술품 감상가의, 미술품 감상가,
거장 애호같은, 거장 애호가의, 거장
감상같은, 거장 감상가의, 미술품
애호가
visage: 얼굴, 얼굴 모습
visibly: 눈에 보이게, 뚜렷하게,
명백히, 역력히
visionary: 공상가, 공상적인, 환영을
보는 사람, 환영의, 비현실적인,
환상에 잠기는, 환영으로 나타나는,
Collected Works of Poe, Volume II
예언력이 있는, 환영같은, 가공적인
visitation: 천벌, 방문, 순시, 천혜,
시찰, 선박 임검, 그 축일, 성모
방문의 축일, 순회 조사, 오래 끄는
방문, 필요 이상 머무는 방문
vista: 전망, 가로수 길, 거리, 멀리
보이는 경치, 예상, 멀리 내다보이는
경치, 추억
vita: 약력, 이력서
vitality: 활기, 생명력, 지속력, 활력,
원기, 지속력성
vivacious: 활발한, 명랑한, 다년생의,
생기 있는, 활기있는
vivacity: 생기, 활발, 쾌활, 활달,
장난, 쾌활한 행위, 까불기, 활기
vividly: 생생하게, 발랄하게,
선명하게
viz: 즉
vizier: 고관
vocal: 유성음의, 목소리의, 목소리를
내는, 성악의, 음성의, 목소리,
소리나는, 속삭이는, 구두의, 보컬,
유성음
voiceless: 목소리가 없는, 무성음의,
무성의, 벙어리의
void: 무효의, 빈, 공간, 배설하다,
무효로 하다, 공허, 빈곳, 비어 있는,
무익한, 공허한, 취소하다
volition: 의지, 결의, 의욕, 의지력,
선택, 의지의 작용, 의지 작용
voluminous: 부피가 큰, 다작의,
권수가 많은, 풍부한, 큰 부수의, 큰
책의, 저서가 많은, 책수가 많은,
성량이 풍부한, 넉넉한, 음량이
풍부한
voluptuous: 일락에 빠지는, 관능에
호소하는, 오관의 즐거움을 찾는,
관능적인, 육욕을 자극하는,
육감적인, 기분 좋은, 육욕에 빠지는
voracity: 탐욕, 폭식, 집착, 대식
vortex: 소용돌이, 소용돌이 모양의
비행운, 우주 물질의 와동, 와동
vow: 맹세, 단언하다, 서원, 맹세하다,
서약, 할 것을 맹세하다, 약속하다,
서약하다, 맹세의 내용, 기원, 맹세의
행위
voyage: 항해, 항해하다, 바다를
건너가다, 건너 지르다, 여행기
voyager: 항해자, 여행자, 모험적
항해자, 보이저
vulgar: 상스러운, 일반의, 통속적인,
일반 대중의, 서민의, 야비한한, 일반
민중이 사용하는, 평민의, 저속한,
평민, 일반대중의
vulture: 독수리, 욕심쟁이, 무자비한
사람, 욕심 많은 사람, 대머리수리
wadding: 메우는 물건, 충전물재료,
채우는 것, 장악 마개, 속솜, 장약
마개
wagon: 짐차, 무개화차, 짐마차,
짐마차로 수송하다, 짐마차로
여행하다, 북두칠성, 배달용 트럭,
물건 파는 수레, 무개 화차, 광차,
짐마차로 운반하다
wainscoting: 징두리 널재료, 징두리
벽판
wakefulness: 잠이 오지 않음
waken: 분기시키다, 일어나다,
일으키다, 눈뜨게 하다, 깨우다,
깨닫다, 잠이 깨다
waking: 깨어 있는, 몽상
walled: 벽이 있는
walnut: 호두, 호두색, 그 목재,
호두나무, 다갈색, 호도나무 목재,
호두나무의, 호도빛
waltz: 왈츠, 왈츠를 추다, 춤추듯
걷다, 들떠서 춤추다, 파트너를
리드하다, 용케 통과하다, 용케
나아가다, 뻔뻔스럽게 다가가다,
수월하게 통과하다, 수월하게
나아가다, 왈츠로 리드하다
wanton: 장난치다, 까불다, 바람둥이,
뛰어 돌아다니다, 우거지다, 음탕한,
우거진, 악의 있는, 분방한,
변덕스러운, 바람난
warmly: 충심으로, 열심히, 따뜻하게,
흥분하여, 열렬히, 따뜻이
wasting: 소모성의, 황폐하게 하는,
낭비
watchful: 경계하는, 주의 깊은,
조심스러운, 방심하지 않는,
주의깊은
waterfall: 폭포, 폭포수, 늘어진 것,
밀려오는 것
waylaid: 매복하다, 요격하다
weaken: 약해지다, 결단성이
없어지다, 묽게 하다, 우유 부단하게
되다, 약하게 하다, 약화시키다,
꺾이다, 굴복하다, 흔들거리다
weak-minded: 마음이 약한, 저능한
wearied: 피곤한
wearily: 지쳐서, 피곤한 듯이,
싫증나서, 질려서, 질려서 물려서
weariness: 권태, 싫증, 피로
web: 물갈퀴, 거미집, 꾸민 것,
거미줄 모양의 것, 한 두루마리의
인쇄용지, 피륙, 한 베틀분의 천,
얇은 금속판, 웹, 거미줄을 치다,
꾀한 것
weber: 웨버
wed: 와 결혼하다, 결합하다,
결혼하다, 단단히 결부시키다,
결혼시키다, 결부되다
wedded: 결혼한, 결합한, 결혼의,
결합된, 에 집착하는
weeping: 드리우는, 가지가
휘늘어진, 우는, 눈물 흘리는, 눈물울
흘리는, 눈물을 흘리는, 늘어짐, 배어
 Edgar Allan Poe 309
나오는, 스며 나오는, 스며 나옴, 않고 내버려둔 곳, 막대한 수량, wreath: 화환, 화관, 원형, 원,
울음 광막한 곳, 막대한 수, 미국 소용돌이
weighty: 중요한, 무거운, 유력한, 비르드지니아 주 북동부의 산림 wreathed: 고리로 만드는
답답하게 내리누르는, 무게를 가진, 지대 wreck: 난파, 잔해, 난파시키다,
중대한, 견딜 수 없는, 남을 수긍케 wildly: 거칠게, 격렬하게, 파괴하다, 난파선, 난파하다,
하는 힘이 있는, 무게 있는, 비중이 야생상태로, 과격하게, 난폭하게, 난파선을 구조하다, 파멸, 파괴,
큰 세력 있는, 무게있는 미친 듯이, 야생적으로, 무턱대고 영락한 사람, 난파선을 구조하러
westward: 서방에, 서쪽의, 서쪽, willingly: 자진해서, 기꺼이, 쾌히 가다
서쪽으로 향하는, 서부 제국, 서쪽에, willow: 버드나무, 솜틀, 솜틀로 틀다, wretch: 불운한 사람, 나쁜놈, 철면피,
서쪽으로 크리켓의 배트 놈, 가련한 사람
westwardly: 서쪽에서, 서쪽으로 winding: 구부러짐, 굴곡하는, 굴곡, wretched: 나쁜, 불운한, 지독한,
whence: 하는 그 곳으로, 어찌하여, 감아 올림, 감아 들임, 둘러 말하는, 비참한, 야비한, 아주 불쾌한, 서툰
어디서, 바의, 왜, 어떻게, 출처, 감은 것, 부정한 행동, 우여 곡절, wretchedness: 야비, 불쾌, 연민
하는, 어디로부터 감음, 감는 법 wring: 짜다, 꽉 쥐다, 비틀다, 짜기,
wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에, winged: 날개를 다친, 고속의, 날개 괴롭히다, 짜내다, 감다, 짬,
그점에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의, 있는, 팔을 다친, 빠른, 신속한, 왜곡하다, 손을 꽉 쥠, 과즙 짜는
어떤 점으로 숭고한, 적절한, 날개를 쓰는, 기계
whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 비양하는, 날 수 있는 writhe: 몸부림, 몸부림치다, 뒤틀다,
무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의 wisely: 현명하게 고민하다, 뒤틀기, 비틀다
whiff: 훅 불다, 담배 피우다, 담배의 withal: 게다가, 또한, 으로써, 그위에, wrought: 만든, 세공한, 가공한, 꾸민,
한 모금, 한번 붊, 확 풍기는 냄새, 을 가지고 있는, 을 나타내어, 을 두들겨 만든
헛치다, 작은 엽궐련, 빨다, 사용하여, 을 상대로, 을 합쳐서, 의 yawning: 하품하고 있는, 지루한,
주낙질하다, 헛치기, 한번 불기 몸에 지니고, 의 일원으로서 지루한 기색이 보이는, 입을 크게
whim: 변덕, 일시적 기분, 권상기 withered: 시든, 쇠퇴한, 이운 벌린, 피로한 기색이 보이는, 하품을
whimsical: 변덕스러운, 별난, withstand: 에 저항하다, 에 잘 하고 있는
이상한, 묘한, 기분적인 견디다, 저항하다, 견디어내다, yell: 아우성치다, 큰소리로 외치다,
whirl: 혼란, 선회, 소용돌이, 반항하다 포복 절도하다, 폭소하다, 찢어지는
현기증나다, 빙빙 돌리다, 빙빙돌다, withy: 가는 가지 듯한 소리를 내다, 소리치다,
잇따라 일어나는 일, 질주하다, 차로 wittily: 익살맞게, 재치있게 큰소리를 지르다, 자기 편 선수
신속히 운반한다, 현기증이 나다, witty: 재치있는, 익살 잘 떠는, 재치 응원의 일정한 함성, 응원에서
회전 있는, 기지 있는 …에게 일정한 함성을 보내다, 외침,
whirlpool: 소용돌이, 혼란 wizard: 굉장한, 마술사, 천재, 외쳐 말하다
whirlwind: 선풍, 회오리 바람, 천재적인, 귀재, 마법사, 성현, yellowish: 누르스름한, 누른빛을 띤
급격한, 소용돌이침 마법의, 놀라운 재능를 가진 사람, yielding: 순종하는, 구부러지기 쉬운,
whiskers: 구레나룻 놀라운 솜씨를 가진 사람, 놀라운 하라는대로, 생산적인, 고분고분한,
whisper: 속삭이다, 속삭임, woe: 비애, 재난, 고뇌, 아아, 굽기 쉬운, 굽힐 수 있는, 감화를
소근거림, 살랑살랑소리, 살랑살랑 슬프도다, 고생, 불행 받기 쉬운, 하라는 대로 하는, 영향을
소리를 내다, 말을 가만히 퍼뜨리다, womanhood: 여자임, 여자다움, 받기 쉬운, 모양을 바꿀 수 있는
은밀히 말을 퍼뜨리다, 몰래 말하다, 여성, 여자 yon: 저쪽의 물건, 저곳에, 저쪽의
소문, 적은 분량, 일러바치다 womanliness: 여자다움 사람
whispering: 속삭임, 속삭이는 wonderfully: 이상하게, 훌륭하게, yonder: 저기에, 저쪽, 훨씬 저쪽의,
whiteness: 흼, 순백함, 결백, 창백함, 이상하게도 저곳에, 저곳에의
창백, 순결, 백색 물질 wont: 습관, 버릇처럼 된, 풍습, zaire: 자이레, 자이르, 자이르 강
whither: 어디로, 곳으로, 그 곳으로, 늘...하는, 에 익숙한 zigzag: 지그재그의, 갈짓자형의,
가는 곳 wonted: 버릇처럼 된, 예의, 익숙한 제드자 꼴로, 지그재그로 움직이다,
wick: 심지, 등심지 wooded: 나무가 무성한, 한 목질의, 지그재그로 나아가게 하다,
wickedness: 사악함, 심술궂음, 사악 삼림이 있는, 삼림이 많은 지그재그꼴로 하다, 제드자형의,
wicker: 채그릇 세공의, 채로 만든, worldly: 세속적인, 이 세상의, 제드자 꼴의 것, 사람이 갈짓자로
채그릇세공, 채, 작은 가지로 만든, 세상의 걷다, 길 제드자 꼴을 이루다, 강이
작은 가지, 고리버들 세공 worm: 벌레, 교묘히 환심을 사다, 제드자 꼴로 흐르다
wield: 휘두르다, 지배하다 기듯 나아가다, 벌레처럼 기다,
wig: 몹시 꾸짖다, 가발, 가발을 캐내다, 서서히 나아가게 하다, 벌레
씌우다, 머리털, 흥분하게 하다, 같은 모양, 기생충병, 벌레 같은
귀찮게 하다, 성가시게 하다, 판사, 인간, 금이 가다, 교묘히 빌붙다
화나게 하다, 당황하게 하다 worthless: 가치 없는, 아무짝에도 못
wilder: 길을 잃게 하다, 정신을 쓸
헷갈리게 하다 wrapper: 실내복, 포장지, 포장하는
wilderness: 황야, 끝없이 넓음, 사람, 겉잎, 싸는 것, 싸는 사람
사람이 살지 않는 땅, 일부러 손질 wrath: 격노, 복수, 벌