CURUre! ond Glave WuNe tect communication * the Import of commuricotion on society ond the wale the term communication has been in existence since time immemorial ‘he (IM Globalization is relatively new in our vocabularies Aisa, while the term rn OM 's generally Understood by most if not afl, @lobaliration is not What. then, I8 globalization? A. WAT 3 eLoeaLizaTion According to http://www.globalizationtOLorg, globalization is o process of “teraction and integration among the people, componies, and governments of oifferent nations, o process driven by international trode and investment and aided by information technology. This process hos effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world. Heywood (2013) describes globalization as a slippery and elusive concept. Despite intensifying interest in the phenomenon of globalization since the 1980s, ‘he term is stil used to refer, variously, to a process, a policy, a marketing strategy, 2 predicament, or even an ideology. The problem with globalization is that it is rot so much an it as a them: it is not @ singe process but a complex of processes, sometimes overlapping and interlocking processes but also, at times, contradictory Gnd oppositional ones, it is difficult therefore to reduce globalization to single theme. Perhaps the best attempt to do this was in Kenchi Ohmae's (1989) idea of a borderless world, This not only refers to the tendency of traditional political borders, based on national and state boundaries, to become permeable; it also implies that divisions between people previously separated by time and space have became less significant and are sometimes entirely irrelevant... ova Ritcar PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION in Local and Global Contextsbi Globalization is not efore men coined People—ang i really new, though. The globe has been globalized even the term globalization. For example, for thousands of years, i Fans go LateF corporations—have been buying from and selling to each other S at great distances, such as through the famed Silk Road across Central Asia ‘hat connected China and Europe during the Middle Ages. Likewise, for centuries, People and Corporations have invested in enterprises in other countries. In fact, Many of the features of the current wave of globalization are similar to those Prevailing before the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. But policy and technological developments of the past few decades have spurred Increases in cross-border trade, investment, and migration so large that many Observers believe the world has entered a qualitatively new phase in its economic development. Since 1950, for example, the volume of world trade has increased by 20 times, and from just 1997 to 1999 flows of foreign investment nearly doubled, from $468 billion to $827 billion. Distinguishing this current wave of globalization from earlier ones, author Thomas Friedman has said that today globalization is Farther, faster, cheaper, and deeper (http://www.globalization101.org). This current wave of globalization has been driven by policies that have ‘opened economies domestically and internationally. In the years since the Second World War, and especially during the past two decades, many governments have adopted free-market economic systems, vastly increasing their own productive Potential and creating myriad new opportunities for international trade and investment. Governments also have negotiated dramatic reductions in barriers to commerce and have established international agreements to promote trade-in B00ds, services, and investment. Taking advantage of new opportunities in foreign markets, corporations have built foreign factories and established production and marketing arrangements with foreign partners. A defining feature of globalization, therefore, is an international industrial and financial business structure (http:// www.globalization101.0rg). Technology has been the other principal driver of globalization. Advances in information technology, in particular, have dramatically transformed economic life. Information technologies have given all sorts of individual economic actors= consumers, investors, businesses—valuable new tools for identifying and pursuing economic opportunities, including faster and more informed analyses of economi trends around the world, easy transfers of assets, and collaboration with far-flung partners (http://www.globalization101.org). % PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION in Local and Global ContextB. IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON COMMUNICATION an ree The Impact of Globalization on Communication Skills Ingram said that (clommunication skills development has always been an important factor of success in business, but the influence of globalization and cross-cultural interaction in recent decades has impacted the types of communication Skills needed in dramatic ways. No longer can entrepreneurs afford to simply communicate well'within their own homogenous cultures. oe today, people need to understand the dynamics of long-distance collaboration, the Impact of culture on manners of speaking and body language, and how to use technology to communicate with people on the other side of the globe: 1, Mirtual_Interactions. Globalization has introduced ‘virtual communication and collaboration as a major part of academic and workplace dynamics. We need to understand the strengths and limitations of different communications media, and how to use each medium to maximum effect. For example, communicating via email, to distant team members requires a certain etiquette and nuance not necessarily required in face-to-face htos//cdnessaywrting expert interactions. Holding virtual meetings requires a similar change in approach, and people who are unaccustomed to communicating in groups in virtual settings can find themselves lost, confused or unable to share their input. This is why in ‘schools, language courses try to address the challenges of virtual interactions. 2, Cultural Awareness in Speech. The need for cultural awareness is a major impact of globalization on the required skilset of effective communicators, resulting in the evolution of communication skills development programs. In the workplace end schools, for example, we need the ability to catch subtle nuances of people’s manner of speech when communicating across cultures. people are speaking the same language, cultural differences can colloquial expressions, voice tone and taboo topics Even when two affect vocabulary, In Japanese business culture, for example, it can be considered rude to ask personal questions in an intial business meeting, In the U.S., on the other hand, asking personal questions and sharing personal information can display warmth and openness, American and Japanese businesspeople who understand this about each other can communicate in ways that resonate more effectively with each other. PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION in Local and Global Contexts —3. Cultural Awareness in Body Language. Awareness of cultural differences in body language can be just as important as the nuances of speech. This is why in schools, students are taught to understand acceptable speaking distances, conflict styles, eye contact and posture in different cultures, accepting that the physical expressions of their own culture are not universally accepted. Students are also taught how to address these differences to prepare them for face-to-face meetings with foreign suppliers, customers or team members when they become professionals. 4. Time Differences. The advent of global collaboration introduces another new dynamic to communication skills - the need to comminicate and share information with people across several time zones. When people collaborate with others on the other side of the globe, their counterparts are usually at home asleep while they themselves are at work. This is why schools teach | students to address the nuances of overcoming this challenge by teaching them to understand the information needs of their colleagues, according to the communication styles of different countries or cultures. Being able to effectively share information between shifts can make or break the productivity of a geographically dispersed team, making this an important issue for many companies, This skill is particularly needed in call centers catering clients from countries of different time zones. https://vww.japanhoppers.com C. IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON GLOBAL COMMUNICATION According to Danev (2017), [t]he process of globalization has widely increased the availability of information for people across the world. By the use of Internet and advanced mobile services, people are able to discuss business plans and proposals onan international level as well as exchange private data securely. Globalcommunication services have also contributed to the enlightenment and development of the political process in a number of states. Danev (2027) also enumerates the three major impacts of globalization on global communication and identifies the major problem, as follows: | 1. Availability of information. The availability of information Is a major effect | of the process of globalization. The World Health Organization, in its works focused on the cultural dimensions of globalization, has expressed the view that with the spread of businesses delivering Internet, satellite TV and mobile services, the costs of such information technologies drop. The decreased price makes it easier for people across the world to make use of the World Wide Web and the resources available. 2. Business Conduct. Globalization has influenced —_global_ communication by implementing new techniques for business conduct. among workers at international corporations. Long-__ distance travels are no longer WN necessary for business people N should they require a meeting btp://www.globalbusinesscoalition.org with a partner overseas. Internet technology makes It possible to exchange business information and conduct video conferences. Additionally, enhanced ‘communication allows businesses to promote their products more efficiently in the international market. This significantly changed the business world, } In his works on the matter, U.S. economist John Thompson concludes | that the advanced means of communication have enabled international | organizations to take faster and more adequate decisions in accordance, with the changes in economic, political or social setting in a particular | region. For example, as described by Boonlert Supadhiloke, a professor of communication in Bangkok University, Thai-based international technology | corporations use advanced communications to respond to the growing demand for Thai-made products. 3, Social Awareness. The availability of information, which is a direct effect of the development of global communication systems, has led to increased social awareness of people across the world. Information technology and networks enable them to share opinions, views, work on projects and research different areas. These are among the main reasons why the process PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION in Local and Global Contexts, h of globalization is creating a sense of a global society. For example, throug! the use of communication, many students from the developing countries enroll in university degrees in the developed world. Education is only a single sector of the social awareness. Other effects, like social determination, have also occurred -- the political unrest in Tunisia in the beginning of 2011 had been inspired by opinions and political considerations shared over the social networks available on the web. 4. The Problem. Despite its quick spread and continuous development, global communication has not reached the majority of people on all continents. The World Health Organization indicates that at least 70 percent of all People in Africa will never make a single phone call or use Internet. This points out the need of a more extensive application of communication technologies as part of the process of globalization. Scanned with Car