OMF000404 Case Study - Call Drop: Issue 2.0

OMF000404
Case Study – Call Drop

Issue 2.0
Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved

References
31160978-BSC Traffic Statistic

Manual Volume I
31033203-BSS Troubleshooting
Manual
2 Internal Use
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you are

supposed to be able to:
Understand the principles of call drop.
Analyze and solve call drop problems
3 Internal Use
Chapter 1 Principle of call drop
Chapter 2 Analysis of call drop
Chapter 3 Call drop cases
4 Internal Use
Section 1 Definition of call drop
Section 2 TCH call drop
Section 3 SDCCH call drop
5 Internal Use
Definition of Call Drop
There are two types of call drop: TCH call drop and SDCCH call drop:
TCH call drop means TCH channel is released abnormally after it is
occupied successfully.
SDCCH call drop means SDCCH channel is released abnormally after it
is occupied successfully.
6 Internal Use
7 Internal Use
Causes of TCH Call Drop
Usually, the typical causes for sending the Clear_Request message are as
follows:
Radio interface failure
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
Protocol error
Preemption
8 Internal Use
Formula of TCH Call Drop Rate
Formula of TCH call drop rate

TCH call drop rate=TCH call drops / Successful TCH seizures (all)
9 Internal Use
Measurement Point of TCH Call Drop
10 Internal Use
TCH serves as traffic channel, BSC receives ERROR INDICATION

message from BTS.
TCH is seized as traffic channel, BSC receives CONNECT FAILURE
INDICATION message from BTS.
In assignment procedure and handover procedure, failure of decoding
HANDOVER DETECTION and HANDOVER COMPLETE message.
TCH serves as traffic channel, incoming BSC handover initiated and the
timer for the target cell to wait for HANDOVER COMPLETE message
expires.
TCH serves as traffic channel, outgoing BSC handover initiated and the
timer for the source cell to wait for CLEAR COMMAND message from MSC
expires (T8 expires).
In intra-BSC handover procedure, the target cell sends Inter Clear Request
to the source cell when the timer for the target cell to wait for HANDOVER
COMPLETE from MS expires, in this case, this item is measured in the
source cell.
11 Internal Use
In Intra-BSC handover procedure, the source cell, excluding the source cell
for directed retry, measures the item when the timer for the source cell to
wait for Inter Clear Request with cause value HANDOVER COMPLETE
from the target cell expires.
In Intra-BSC handover procedure, when the target cell AM/CM net-drive
fails (due to timeout or negative acknowledgement), the target cell sends
Inter Clear Request to source cell, in this case, this item is measured in the
source cell.
In the case that MS reverses to the original channel after intra BSC
handover fails, the source cell first releases the terrestrial connection but
the AM/CM re-net-drive fails (due to timeout or negative acknowledgement).
In this case this item is measured in the source cell.
The resource of the lower_priority call will be preempted by the
higher_priority call if MSC and BSC both supports preemption, which will
cause call drop.
This item is measured when the RSL link of the TRX that the call is using
disconnects, which will cause call drop.
12 Internal Use
TCH Call Drop - Assignment
MS BTS BSC MSC
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
CHANNEL ACTICATION
CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK
ASSIGN CMMAND
SABM
ESTABLISH INDICATION
UA
ERROR INDICATION
CONNECTION FAILURE INDICATION A1
A2
13 Internal Use
TCH Call Drop – Intra-BSC Handover
MS BSC' BSC Ori-Cell BSC Tag-Cell BSC''
Intercell Handover Request
CH ACT
CH ACT ACK
Intercell Handover Response
HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER ACCESS
HANDOVER DETECT
SABM
UA
ERROR INDICATION
A1
CONNECTION FAILURE INDICATION
A2
14 Internal Use
TCH Call Drop - Incoming BSC Handover
MS Other BSC HUAWEI BSC HUAWEI BTS MSC
HANDOVER REQUIRED
HANDOVER REQUEST
CH ACT
CH ACT ACK
HANDOVER REQUEST ACK
HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER ACCESS
HANDOVER DETECT
SABM
UA
ERROR INDICATION
A1
CONNECTION FAILURE INDICATION
A2
15 Internal Use
Measurement Point of Successful TCH Seizures
Measurement point of Successful TCH seizures

Upon BSC’s reception of CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACKNOWLEDGE
message from BTS in very early assignment TCH process.
In the case the target cell of directed retry is located in other BSC and
directed retry succeeds, MSC sends CLEAR COMMAND message to
the originating BSC to release the original connection. This item is
measured when the originating BSC receives this message.
In the case the directed retry target cell is located in the same BSC and
the directed retry succeeds, target cell sends Inter Clear Request
message to the source cell to request to release the resource and the
original connection. This item is measured when the source cell
receives this message.
16 Internal Use
Measurement Point of Successful TCH seizures
Measurement point of Successful TCH seizures

This item is measured when BSC sends ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
message to MSC after the assignment procedure is successfully
implemented.
In incoming BSC handover procedure, MS sends HANDOVER
ACCESS message to the BSC. This item is measured when BSC
receives HANDOVER DETECT message from BTS.
In the process of incoming internal inter cell handover and intracell
handover in BSC, MS sends HANDOVER ACCESS message to BSC.
BSC measures this item in the target cell when receiving HANDOVER
DETECTION message from BTS.
17 Internal Use
Successful TCH Seizure – Very Early Assignment
Very early assignment process
MS BTS BSC MSC

Channel Request (RACH) Channel Required
Channel Activation (TCH or SDCCH)
Channel Activation Acknowledge
Immediate Assignment Command
Immediate Assignment (AGCH)
18 Internal Use
Successful TCH Seizure – Assignment
Assignment process
MS BTS BSC MSC

ASS_REQ
CH_ACT
CH_ACT_ACK
ASS_CMD
ASS_CMD
EST_IND
ASS_CMP ASS_CMP ASS_CMP
19 Internal Use
Successful TCH Seizure – Intra-BSC Handover
Intra-BSC handover process

MS BTS1 BSC BTS2 MS MSC
Measurement Report from MS
Channel_Active
Channel_Active ACK
HANDOVER COMMAND
HO_ Access
HO_Detect
PHY INFO
PHY INFO
First SABM
Establish_IND
UA
Handover Complete HO_Performed
20 Internal Use
Successful TCH Seizure – Inter-BSC Handover
Inter BSC handover process
MS BTS1 BSC1 MSC BSC2 BTS2 MS

Measure Report from MS
HO_Required
HO_Request
CH_ACT
CH_ACT_ACK
HO_Request_ACK
HO_CMD
Handover Command HO_Access
HO_Detect
HO_Detect
PHY INFO
PHY INFO
Establish_IND First SABM

HO_CMP Handover Complete
Clear_CMD
Clear_CMP
21 Internal Use
22 Internal Use
Formula of SDCCH Call Drop Rate
Formula of SDCCH call drop rate:

SDCCH call drop rate = SDCCH call drops/ successful SDCCH
seizures*100%
23 Internal Use
Measurement Point of SDCCH Call Drop
This item is measured when BSC receives ERROR INDICATION message

from BTS due to an abnormal case for a radio link layer connection.
This item is measured when BSC receives CONNECTION FAILURE
INDICATION message from BTS because an active connection has been
broken for some reason such as SDCCH link failure or hardware failure
(see GSM 0508 for details).
In incoming BSC handover procedure on SDCCH, this item is measured in
the target cell in the case of the failure of decoding HANDOVER
DETECTION and HANDOVER COMPLETE message.
In the process of incoming BSC handover on SDCCH, this item is measured
in the target cell when the timer for the target cell to wait for the
HANDOVER COMPLETE message expires.
24 Internal Use
In the process outgoing BSC handover on SDCCH, this item is measured

when the timer for the source cell to wait for CLEAR COMMAND message
from MSC expires (T8 expires).
In the process of intra BSC handover on SDCCH, this item is measured in
the source cell when the timer for the source cell or the target cell to wait for
HANDOVER COMPLETE message expires.
This item is measured when the RSL link of the TRX that the call is running
on disconnect, which will cause call drop, this item measures call drop on
SDCCH for RSL disconnection.
25 Internal Use
MS BTS BSC MSC

Channel Request Channel Required
Channel Activation (SDCCH)
Channel Activation Acknowledge
Immediate Assignment Command

Immediate Assignment
Establish Indication (L3 Info)
Connection Failure
Or:
Or: Error Indication
Abis Failure
Cell SDCCH Call Drop
(Subject to different cases)
26 Internal Use
Measurement Point of Successful SDCCH Seizures
In immediate SDCCH assignment procedure, this item is measured when

BSC receives CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACKNOWLEDGE message from
BTS.
In the process of incoming BSC handover on SDCCH. This item is
measured when BSC receives HANDOVER DETECTION from BTS.
In the process of incoming internal inter cell handover and intracell
handover in BSC.BSC measures this item in the target cell when receiving
HANDOVER DETECTION from BTS.
27 Internal Use
28 Internal Use
Analysis of Call Drop
content
main causes of high call drop rate
troubleshooting of high call drop rate
29 Internal Use
Analysis of Call Drop
According to the definition of call drop measurement point, call drop is

usually caused by the following:
Radio link fault. During the communication, messages can not be
received correctly.
Abis link broken during conversation.
Call drop during handover.
Other system faults.
Timers that may cause call drops (BSC timer):
T3103: starting from sending HANDOVER CMD and ending at receiving
HANDOVER CMP. Time out of the timer will cause call drop.
T3109: starting from sending CHAN REL and ending at receiving REL
IND.
30 Internal Use
Radio Link Fault
Signaling process chart of radio link fault
MS BTS BSC MSC

(1)
Measurement Report
(2)
Measurement Result
Connection Failure
Clear_REQ (Radio Interface Failure)

(3)
(1) Dadicated mode is created. (SDCCH/TCH)

(2) Activate Abis monitoring function.
(3)SACCH message block can not be decoded(uplink/downlink),
resulting in radio link timeout.
31 Internal Use
Radio Link Fault
Diagram of radio link timeout
32 Internal Use
T3103 Times Out
Handover process
MS BTS1 BTS2 BSC MSC

Handover Indication
CH_ACT
CH_ACT_ACK
Handover Command
Handover Command Set T3103
Handover Access HO_Detect
Physical Information (TA)
SABM
EST_IND
UA
Handover Complete
Handover Complete
Reset T3103
33 Internal Use
Causes of Radio Link Fault
The causes of radio link fault can be

Interference
>Internal interference
>External interference
>Equipment interference
Poor coverage
>Coverage hole
>Isolated island
>Uplink/downlink imbalance
Improper parameter setting
>Radio link timeout, SACCH multi-frames

>Handover parameters
>Power control parameters
Equipment problem (Antenna, feeder, combiner, TRX)
Clock problem
Transmission problem
34 Internal Use
Radio Link Fault - Interference
Category
Co-channel interference
Adjacent-channel interference
Inter-modulation interference and other external interference
35 Internal Use
Solution
First check equipment problems.
Make an drive test, check the interference area and distribution of signal
quality. Find the interference frequency.
Further search for the interference source with the spectrum analyzer.
Activate hopping, DTX and power control functions to lower the internal
interference of the system
36 Internal Use
Judgment Process
Analyze the occurrence regularity of interference band in the
traffic measurement.
Observe the receiving level performance
Find the poor quality handover rate
Observe receiving quality performance
Observe call drop performance
Observe whether there are many handover failures and reversion
failures.
37 Internal Use
Radio Link Fault - Coverage
Coverage:
Overshooting
Coverage hole
Signal attenuation
Incomplete definition of adjacent cells
Imbalance of uplink/downlink
38 Internal Use
Judgment Process
Power control measurement function
Receiving level measurement function
Cell measurement function/inter-cell handover measurement function
Call drop measurement function
Defined adjacent cell measurement function
Undefined adjacent cell measurement function
Outgoing inter-cell handover measurement function
Up-down link balance measurement function
39 Internal Use
Solution
Adjust network parameters
Add BTS
40 Internal Use
Radio Link Fault - Parameters
Main parameters that may affect the call drop rate:

Radio link timeout and SACCH multi-frames
RACH busy threshold and RACH minimum access level.
MS minimum receiving signal level
Call re-establishment permitted.
41 Internal Use
Radio Link Fault - Parameters
Main parameters that may affect the call drop rate:

NCC permitted
Handover related parameters.
Power control related parameters.
Frequency planning parameters
42 Internal Use
Radio Link Fault
Judgment process
System information data
Cell data
Radio link connection timer (T3105)
Maximum times of physical information
Call drop performance measurement function
Judge from the cause of call drop
>error indication
>connection failure.
43 Internal Use
Handover Problem
Judgment process :
In inter-cell handover measurement function, it occurs frequently that
the handover fails and the reversion also fails.
In inter-cell handover measurement function, handover failures with
successful reversions occur many times.
In undefined adjacent cell measurement function, observe the receiving
level of the undefined adjacent cells and number of the measurement
reports.
44 Internal Use
Handover Problem
Judgment process
In outgoing inter-cell handover measurement function, the outgoing
inter-cell handover success rate is low (for a certain cell). Find the
adjacent cell to which the handover success rate is low and find the
cause.
Incoming inter-cell handover success rate is low. The handover
judgment parameter setting of the target cell may be improper.
In TCH measurement function, handover times are not in normal
proportion to successful TCH seizures for call. (handovers/calls>3)
45 Internal Use
Equipment Problem
Call drop arising from equipment problem

Hardware problem
Transmission problem
Antenna and feeder fault
Other causes
46 Internal Use
47 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 1
Fault Description
The BTS distribution of an area is as illustrated in the diagram (red
numbers stand for BCCH frequencies. No hopping, no DTX). Some
subscribers complain that call drop in second sector of base station C is
serious. Hardware fault has been ruled out.
please confirm whether the

frequency distribution in the
cells are resonable?
48 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 1
Analysis
From the analysis of BTS topology, it can be concluded that the

frequencies are well planned.
Next, check the interference band of traffic statistic.
49 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 1
Analysis
09:00-10:00 IB1 IB2 IB3 IB4 IB5

cell 1 2.85 14.25 1.14 0.27 0.54
cell 2 4.09 12.57 3.14 0.03 0.01
cell 3 0 2.92 13.27 0.25 0.37
03:00~04:00 IB1 IB2 IB3 IB4 IB5

cell 1 2.85 4.28 0.00 0.00 0.00
cell 2 4.09 2.89 0.00 0.00 0.00
cell 3 0 2.12 0.00 0.00 0.00
50 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 1
Troubleshooting
Conducting a drive tests, it is found that the quality is bad when the
receiving strength is high.
Check traffic statistic and it is found that when the call drop rate is high,
handovers are mostly caused by quality reasons, and channel
assignment failure rate is also high.
The conclusion is that there is interference from the analysis of
comprehensive traffic statistic and drive test.
51 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 1
Troubleshooting
A site investigation shows that the operator has a repeater. It is a
broadband repeater. It transmits the signals from a remote TACS site.
TACS signals are amplified and then there is interference in second
sector of base station C.
Problem has been located: interference causes the call drop.
Finally, lower the power of the repeater. The interference band reduce
to IB1. Now the high call drop rate problem at site C is solved.
52 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 1
Common methods of checking and clearing call drop due to interference

Rule out the internal interference caused by equipment problems and
check the separation of BTS transceivers, antenna feeder installation,
and so on.
Check the interference band
Drive test
Check traffic statistic of handover causes to get judgment
Clear uplink interference
Clear downlink interference
Check whether DTX, frequency hopping technology and power control
application are reasonable
Use PBGT handover algorithm flexibly to avoid co-channel and
adjacent-channel interference effectively.
53 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 2
Fault description
The call drop rate in cell 3 of a BTS is 10% accompanied with high
congestion rate, but call drop rate and congestion rate in cell 1 and cell
2 are normal.
54 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 2
Analysis
Check the related traffic statistic
>Check whether there is high interference band in TCH

measurement function.
>Check the situation of call drop in call drop measurement function.
>Check whether handover of the cell is normal.
Check whether there is interference through checking frequency
planning, moreover confirm whether there is external interference with
spectrum analyzer.
Drive test
Check the hardware
55 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 2
Troubleshooting
Block TRX in turn and the congestion rate is always quite high no matter
which TRX is blocked.
Check and analyze the traffic statistic, interference band and traffic
volume and call drop rate, and it is found that the interference becomes
more serious as the traffic gets high.
Change frequency. The frequency of cell 3 is changed to 1MHz away
from the original value. But the problem persists.
Judge whether the equipment is faulty.
Locate external interference.
56 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 2
Troubleshooting
Make a scanning test with a spectrum analyzer.
>A suspect signal with 904.14MHz center frequency, 300K bandwidth

is found. It is similar to an analog signal and it exists continuously.
>At the distributor output port of cell 3, the signal strength is –27dBm.
cell 2 is –40dBm, cell 1 is –60dBm. It accords with the degree of
interference.
>Traffic volume is higher in the day time than that at night.
Now the problem is found: 904MHz external interference source.
57 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 2
Conclusion: solution of interference

Solve internal interference through checking frequency planning.
After internal interference is excluded, we can locate external
interference with spectrum analyzer.
58 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 3
Fault description
Subscribers complain that call drops often happen from on the 5th floor
and above in a building.
Subscriber complaint is also an important source of information

about the network quality.
59 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 3
Analysis
Perform on-site test
>There are call drops and noise on the site

>The test mobile phone shows that before the call drop the serving
cell is BTS-B. But this building should be covered by BTS-A.
Check traffic statistic
>BTS-B is about 9 kilometers away from this building. It is

determined that the BTS-B signal received in this area is coming
from some obstacles’ reflection. Thus an isolated island coverage is
formed in this area.
60 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 3
Analysis
Check data configuration
>In BSC data configuration, BTS-A is not configured as the

adjacency of BTS-B
Cause analysis of call drop
>When the MS uses the signal of cell 2 of BTS-B in this area, the
signal of cell 3 of BTS-A is strong. But cell 2 of BTS-B and cell 3 of
BTS-A are not adjacent, therefore, handover cannot happen.
>The signal in cell 2 of BTS-B is the result of multiple reflections.
When the signal of BTS-B received by the mobile phone gets weak
suddenly, an emergency handover is needed. But there is no
adjacent cell of BTS-B, so call drops will occur.
61 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 3
Troubleshooting
Modify the data in BA1 table, BA2 table and add adjacent cell
relationship, set cell 3 of BTS-A as an adjacent cell of cell 2 of BTS-B.
Optimize the network parameters to eliminate the isolated island.
The test results show that the call drop problem is solved.
62 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 3
Conclusion：two methods to solve isolated island problem

Adjust the antenna of the isolated cell, to eliminate the isolated island
problem.
Define new adjacent cells for the isolated cell.
63 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 4
Fault description
In a drive test from A to B, it is found that there are many call drops at
entrance of a tunnel near a BTS due to slow handover.
64 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 4
Analysis
The tunnel is near the BTS. When the MS enters the tunnel, the power
of the target cell is -80dBm. But the signal of source cell goes down
quickly to less than -100dBm. Before the MS enters the tunnel, the
downlink power of the two cells is good and no handover is triggered.
When the MS enters the tunnel, the level of the source cell goes down
rapidly. The call drop occurs before any handover is triggered.
Think it over: How to solve problems of this type?
65 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 4
Troubleshooting
The adjusted parameters are listed below.
Value before Value after

Parameter name
change change
PBGT watch time 5 3
PBGT valid time 4 2
PBGT HO threshold 72 68
UL Qual. Thrsh.
70 60
(Emergency handover)
Min. DL level on
10 15
candidate cell
66 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 4
Conclusion: optimize and adjust handover parameters to reduce call drop

On condition that there is no ping-pang handover and excessive voice
interruption, PBGT handover can help to reduce interference and lower
call drop rate.
Set emergency handover thresholds properly, and make sure the
emergency handover can be triggered in time before the call drop so as
to reduce call drops.
67 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 5
Fault description
In the dial test, many call drops are found in cell 2.
Analysis
Check the traffic statistic and find out that TCH congestion rate of this
cell is over 10% and internal inter-cell handover failure rate is high. It is
found that one TRX board of this cell is abnormal in OMC. A preliminary
conclusion is that TRX board problem causes the call drop.
68 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 5
Troubleshooting
Lock the frequency with a test mobile phone and perform dial test for
many times. It is found that call drops only happen in timeslots 1, 3, 5, 7
while communications in timeslots 2, 4, 6, 8 are normal.
Move this board to another slot, and the problem still exists.
Move another good board to this slot, and the communication is normal.
Move this defective board to other cabinet, the problem arises.
When it is replaced, the communication is recovered.
69 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 5
Conclusion
The BTS test should guarantee that communication should be
successful not only in each TRX but also in each timeslot of the TRX.
It must be ensured that each TCH channel provides bidirectional high
quality communication.
70 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 6
Fault description
In dual-band network, when a call is setup in a GSM1800 cell and being
handed over to a GSM900 cell in the same site, the call drops in the
GSM900 cell in 2 to 5 seconds. The call drop rate in the GSM900 cell is
quite high.
71 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 6
Analysis
In the test it is found that the clock of GSM900 cell and GSM1800 cell
are not synchronized.
When a call set up in a GSM1800 cell and is handed over to a GSM900
cell, the drive test tool shows that FER increases to the maximum value
suddenly and then it goes down to zero gradually.
It is the same with the handover from GSM900 to GSM1800.
72 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 6
Troubleshooting
After adjusting GSM900 clock system, the abnormal call drop problem is
solved.
73 Internal Use
Call Drop Case 6
Conclusion
Clocks of GSM900 and GSM1800 should be exactly synchronized with
each other in a dual band network, otherwise there will be call drops
and handover failures.
74 Internal Use
Summary
Types of call drop

Summary Measurement points of TCH call drop
Measurement points of SDCCH call
drop
Causes of call drop
Cases
75 Internal Use
Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved

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OMF000404

Case Study – Call Drop

Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved

 31160978-BSC Traffic Statistic

Upon completion of this course, you are

Chapter 2 Analysis of call drop

Chapter 3 Call drop cases

 Formula of TCH call drop rate

 TCH serves as traffic channel, BSC receives ERROR INDICATION

MS BTS BSC MSC

CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK

MS BSC' BSC Ori-Cell BSC Tag-Cell BSC''

Intercell Handover Request

Intercell Handover Response

MS Other BSC HUAWEI BSC HUAWEI BTS MSC

 Measurement point of Successful TCH seizures

 Measurement point of Successful TCH seizures

 Very early assignment process

MS BTS BSC MSC

Channel Activation (TCH or SDCCH)

Channel Activation Acknowledge

Immediate Assignment Command

Immediate Assignment (AGCH)

MS BTS BSC MSC

ASS_CMP ASS_CMP ASS_CMP

 Intra-BSC handover process

Handover Complete HO_Performed

MS BTS1 BSC1 MSC BSC2 BTS2 MS

Establish_IND First SABM

 Formula of SDCCH call drop rate:

 This item is measured when BSC receives ERROR INDICATION message

 In the process outgoing BSC handover on SDCCH, this item is measured

MS BTS BSC MSC

Channel Activation (SDCCH)

Channel Activation Acknowledge

Immediate Assignment Command

 In immediate SDCCH assignment procedure, this item is measured when

Chapter 2 Analysis of call drop

Chapter 3 Call drop cases

 According to the definition of call drop measurement point, call drop is

 Signaling process chart of radio link fault

MS BTS BSC MSC

Clear_REQ (Radio Interface Failure)

(1) Dadicated mode is created. (SDCCH/TCH)

 Diagram of radio link timeout

MS BTS1 BTS2 BSC MSC

 The causes of radio link fault can be

>Radio link timeout, SACCH multi-frames

 Main parameters that may affect the call drop rate:

 Main parameters that may affect the call drop rate:

 Call drop arising from equipment problem

Chapter 2 Analysis of call drop

Chapter 3 Call drop cases

please confirm whether the

 From the analysis of BTS topology, it can be concluded that the

09:00-10:00 IB1 IB2 IB3 IB4 IB5

cell 2 4.09 12.57 3.14 0.03 0.01

cell 3 0 2.92 13.27 0.25 0.37

03:00~04:00 IB1 IB2 IB3 IB4 IB5

cell 2 4.09 2.89 0.00 0.00 0.00

cell 3 0 2.12 0.00 0.00 0.00

 Common methods of checking and clearing call drop due to interference

31160978-BSC Traffic Statistic

Formula of TCH call drop rate

TCH serves as traffic channel, BSC receives ERROR INDICATION

Measurement point of Successful TCH seizures

Measurement point of Successful TCH seizures

Very early assignment process

Intra-BSC handover process

Formula of SDCCH call drop rate:

This item is measured when BSC receives ERROR INDICATION message

In the process outgoing BSC handover on SDCCH, this item is measured

In immediate SDCCH assignment procedure, this item is measured when

According to the definition of call drop measurement point, call drop is

Signaling process chart of radio link fault

Diagram of radio link timeout

The causes of radio link fault can be

Main parameters that may affect the call drop rate:

Main parameters that may affect the call drop rate:

Call drop arising from equipment problem

From the analysis of BTS topology, it can be concluded that the

Common methods of checking and clearing call drop due to interference

Conclusion: solution of interference

Conclusion：two methods to solve isolated island problem

Conclusion: optimize and adjust handover parameters to reduce call drop

Types of call drop