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This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are
periodically made to the information herein – which will be incorporated in revised editions
of the publication. Maxtor may make changes or improvements in the product(s) described
in this publication at any time and without notice.
UL/CSA/VDE/TUV
Tested to FCC Rules for Radiated and Conducted Emissions, Part 15, Sub Part J, for Class-
B Equipment.
PATENTS
These products are covered by or licensed under one or more of the following U.S. Patents:
4,419,701; 4, 538,193 4,625,109; 4,639,798; 4,647,769; 4,647,997; 4,661,696;
4,669,004; 4,675,652; 4,703,176; 4,730,321; 4,772,974; 4,783,705; 4,819,153;
4,882,671; 4,920,442; 4,920,434; 4,982,296; 5,005,089; 5,027,241; 5,031,061;
5,084,791; 5,119,254; 5,160,865; 5,170,229; 5,177,771; Other U.S. and Foreign Pat-
ents Pending.
Maxtor , MaxFax are registered trademarks of Maxtor Corporation, registered in the U.S.A.
® ®
and other countries. Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9, AutoTransfer, AutoRead, AutoWrite, Dis-
Cache, DiskWare, Defect Free Interface, and WriteCache are trademarks of Maxtor Corpora-
tion. All other brand names or trademarks are the property of their manufacturers.
Maxtor reserves the right to make changes and improvements to its products, without
incurring any obligation to incorporate such changes or improvements into units previously
sold or shipped.
This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed under licences restrict-
ing its use, copying, distributing, and decompilation. No part of this product or document
may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Maxtor
and its licensors, if any.
THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTIULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
You can request Maxtor publications from your Maxtor Sales Representative or order them
directly from Maxtor.
Corporate Headquarters:
Thank you for your interest in Maxtor hard disk drives. This manual provides technical infor-
mation for OEM engineers and systems integrators regarding the installation and use of
Maxtor hard drives. Drive repair should be performed only at an authorized repair center. For
repair information, contact the Maxtor Product Support Center at 1-800-2MAXTOR.
CAUTION: Maxtor hard drives are precision products. Failure to follow these precautions
and guidelines outlined here may lead to product failure, damage and invalidation
of all warranties.
1 BEFORE unpacking or handling a drive, take all proper electro-static discharge
(ESD) precautions, including personnel and equipment grounding. Stand-alone
drives are sensitive to ESD damage.
2 BEFORE removing drives from their packing material, allow them to reach room
temperature.
5 NEVER switch DC power onto the drive by plugging an electrically live DC source
cable into the drive's connector. NEVER connect a live bus to the drive's inter-
face connector.
6 ELECTRICAL GROUNDING - For proper operation, the drive must be securely fas-
tened to a device bay that provides a suitable electrical ground to the drive base-
plate.
Please do not remove or cover up Maxtor factory-installed drive labels. They contain infor-
mation required should the drive ever need repair.Thank you for your interest in Maxtor hard
disk drives. This manual provides technical information for OEM engineers and systems inte-
grators regarding the installation and use of Maxtor hard drives. Drive repair should be per-
formed only at an authorized repair center. For repair information, contact the Maxtor
Customer Service Center at 800-2MAXTOR or 1-303-678-2015.
Corporate Headquarters:
Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 MAXTOR CORPORATION ................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 AUDIENCE ............................................................................................................. 1-1
1.3 MANUAL ORGANIZATION................................................................................ 1-2
1.4 TERMINOLOGY AND CONVENTIONS ........................................................... 1-3
1.5 REFERENCES.................................. ......................................................................1-4
Chapter 2
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
2.1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW ....................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 KEY FEATURES..................................................................................................... 2-2
2.3 REGULATORY COMPLIANCE STANDARDS .................................................. 2-3
2.4 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................... 2-4
Chapter 3
INSTALLATION
3.1 SPACE REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................... 3-1
3.2 UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS........................................................................... 3-2
3.3 HARDWARE OPTIONS ....................................................................................... 3-5
3.3.1 ATA Interface Connector ................................................................................. 3-5
3.3.2 ATA BUS ADAPTER ..................................................................................... 3-9
3.4 COMBINATION CONNECTOR (J1)................................................................... 3-9
3.4.1 DC Power (J1, Section A) .............................................................................. 3-11
3.4.2 External Drive Activity LED .......................................................................... 3-11
3.4.3 ATA Bus Interface Connector (J1, Section C) ................................................ 3-11
3.4.4 SATA (Serial ATA) Interface Connector ........................................................ 3-12
3.4.5 SATA BUS ADAPTER ................................................................................. 3-12
3.5 COMBINATION CONNECTOR (J1)................................................................. 3-13
3.5.1 DC Power (J1, Section A) .............................................................................. 3-14
3.5.2 ATA Bus Interface Connector (J1, Section C) ................................................ 3-16
3.6 MOUNTING......................................................................................................... 3-17
3.6.1 Orientation ..................................................................................................... 3-17
3.6.2 Clearance ....................................................................................................... 3-19
3.6.3 Ventilation ..................................................................................................... 3-19
3.7 FOR SYSTEMS WITH A MOTHERBOARD ATA/SATA ADAPTER ............. 3-20
Chapter 4
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
4.1 Models and Capacities ............................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Drive Configuration .................................................................................................. 4-1
4.3 Performance Specifications......................................................................................... 4-2
4.4 Physical Dimensions .................................................................................................. 4-3
4.5 Power Requirements (60/80/120/160GB) ................................................................ 4-3
4.5.1Power Requirement (200GB) .....................................................................................4-3
4.6 Power Mode Definitions ........................................................................................... 4-4
4.7 EPA Energy Star Compliance .................................................................................... 4-4
4.8 Environmental Limits ................................................................................................ 4-5
4.9 Shock and Vibration .................................................................................................. 4-6
4.10 Reliability Specifications ............................................................................................ 4-7
4.11 EMC/EMI ................................................................................................................ 4-8
4.11.1 Radiated Electromagnetic Field Emissions - EMC Compliance .........................4-8
4.11.2 Canadian Emissions Statement ..........................................................................4-8
4.12 Safety Regulatory Compliance................................................................................... 4-8
Chapter 5
ATA BUS INTERFACE AND ATA COMMANDS
5.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 5-1
5.2 MECHANICAL INTERFACE ................................................................................ 5-1
5.2.1 Signal Cable and Connector ..............................................................................5-1
5.3 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE................................................................................... 5-1
5.3.1 ATA Bus Interface ............................................................................................5-1
5.4 REGISTER ADDRESS DECODING ..................................................................... 5-2
5.5 COMMAND INTERFACE..................................................................................... 5-2
5.5.1 General Feature Set ...........................................................................................5-2
5.5.2 Supported Commands ......................................................................................5-2
Chapter 6
SERVICE AND SUPPORT
6.1 Product Support/Technical Assistance/Customer Service .......................................... 6-1
Appendix A
BREAKING THE 137 GIGABYTE STORAGE BARRIER 1
A.1 Breaking the 137 Gigabyte Storage Barrier ............................................................... A-1
A.1.1 History ............................................................................................................ A-1
A.1.2 Solving the 137 Gigabyte Capacity Barrier ....................................................... A-3
A.1.3 How is the Extension Implemented? ................................................................ A-3
A.1.4 What Do the Drives Need to Meet the Spec? .................................................. A-3
A.1.5 What Else is Involved? ..................................................................................... A-3
A.1.6 What is the Next Barrier? ................................................................................ A-4
Figure 3-1 Mechanical Dimensions of Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 Hard Disk Drive .... 3-1
Figure 3-2 Single-Pack Shipping Container ................................................................... 3-3
Figure 3-3 20-Pack Shipping Container ......................................................................... 3-4
Figure 3-4 Jumper Locations on the ATA Interface Connector ...................................... 3-5
Figure 3-5 AT Connector and Jumper Location ............................................................ 3-8
Figure 3-6 J1 DC Power and ATA Bus Combination Connector ................................ 3-10
Figure 3-7 The SATA Interface Connector ................................................................. 3-12
Figure 3-8 Serial ATA PCB ......................................................................................... 3-13
Figure 3-9 Mounting Dimensions for the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9
Hard Disk Drives ........................................................................................ 3-17
Figure 3-10 Mounting Screw Clearance for the Maxtor Hard Disk Drives ..................... 3-18
Figure 3-11 Drive Power Supply and ATA Bus Interface Cables .................................... 3-21
Figure 3-12 Completing the Drive Installation ............................................................... 3-22
Support
www.maxtor.com/en/support.
1.2 Audience
The DiamondMax Plus 9 60/80/120/160/200GB AT product manual is
intended for several audiences. These audiences include: the end user,
installer, developer, consumer electronics and personal computer original
equipment manufacturer (CE/PC,OEM),and distributor. The manual
provides information about installation, principles of operation, interface
command implementation, and maintenance.
• Chapter 1 – Introduction
• Chapter 3 – Installation
The typographical and naming conventions used in this manual are listed below.
Conventions that are unique to a specific table appear in the notes that follow that
table.
Typographical Conventions:
Naming Conventions:
1.5 REFERENCES
For additional information about the ATA interface, refer to the latest
revision of the draft standard on the internet at http://www.t13.org/
using the link under “1410D AT Attachment - 6 with Packet Interface
(ATA/ATAPI - 6).”
This chapter summarizes the general functions and key features of the
DiamondMax Plus9 60/80/120/160/200GB AT hard disk drives, as well
as the applicable standards and regulations.
These hard disk drives use nonremovable, 3 1/2-inch hard disks and
are available with the ATA interface.
The innovative design of the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 hard disk drives
incorporate leading edge technologies such as Ultra ATA/133, Serial ATA
Option with transfer speeds up to 150 MB/second, Advanced Cache
Management, Shock Protection System™ (SPS), Data Protection System
(DPS) and Quiet Drive Technology (QDT). These enhanced technologies
enable Maxtor to produce a family of high-performance, high-reliability
drives.
General
Performance
Reliability
Versatility
This chapter explains how to unpack, configure, mount, and connect the
Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 60/80/120/160/200GB AT hard disk drive
prior to operation. It also explains how to start up and operate the drive.
Figure 3-1 Mechanical Dimensions of Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 Hard Disk Drive
CAUTION: The maximum limits for physical shock can be exceeded if the
drive is not handled properly. Special care should be
taken not to bump or drop the drive. It is highly recommended
that Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 drives are not stacked or placed
on any hard surface after they are unpacked. Such handling could
cause media damage.
3. When you are ready to install the drive, remove it from the ESD
bag.
20-pack cover
Product in sealed
static shielding bag
20-pack tray
Sleeve
Carton
Carton tape
+12VDC
+12VDC return
+5VDC return
+5VDC
Pin 1
ATA Interface Connector
Power
Connector
Pin 40
CLJ
DS
CS
Master Setting
CLJ
DS
CS
Slave Setting
CLJ
DS
CS
DS with CS for
slaves not
supporting DASP
The configuration of the following three jumpers controls the drive’s five
modes of operation:
• CS – Cable Select
• DS – Drive Select
• CLJ– Cylinder Limitation Jumper
The AT PCB has two jumper locations provided to configure the drive in
a system. The default configuration for the drive as shipped from the
factory is with a jumper across the CS location, and open positions in
the DS and CLJ positions.
Table 3-1 defines the operation of the master/slave jumpers and their
function relative to pin 28 on the interface. 1 indicates that the specified
jumper is installed; 0 indicates that the jumper is not installed.
Table 3-1 AT Jumper Options
CS DS PIN 28 DESCRIPTION
CL
4.55±0.50
7.22±0.50
(to pin center)
29.78±0.50 Connector Side
(to pin center)
Please carefully read the instruction manual that comes with your
adapter board, as well as Chapter 5 of this manual to ensure signal
compatibility between the adapter board and the drive. Also, make sure
that the adapter board jumper settings are appropriate.
Center
Key Slot
Pin 1
J1 IDE (40-Pin)/DC (4-Pin)
Combination Connector
4-Pin DC Power
40-Pin IDE
Pin 1 (J1 Section A)
(J1 Section C)
4 3 2 1
Pin 40
J1 Section A (4-Pin):
4 +5 VDC
See Chapter 5, “ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands,” for more
detailed information about the required signals. Refer to Table 5-1 for
the pin assignments of the ATA bus connector (J1, section C).
Please carefully read the instruction manual that comes with your
adapter board to ensure signal compatibility between the adapter board
and the drive. Also, make sure that the adapter board jumper settings
are appropriate.
3.5.2 Orientation
The mounting holes on the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 60/80/120/160/
200GB AT hard disk drives allow the drive to be mounted in any
orientation. Figure 3-5 and Figure 3-9 show the location of the three
mounting holes on each side of the drive. The drive can also be mounted
using the four mounting hole locations on the PCB side of the drive.
6.35 ±0.25
101.60
±0.25
147.0
Max. 44.45
±0.25
41.60
±0.25
41.28
±0.50
28.50 ±0.50
3.18 ±0.25
95.25
±0.25
26.10 101.60
Max. ±0.25
Figure 3-9 Mounting Dimensions for the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 Hard Disk Drives
Printed- Printed-
Circuit Circuit
Board Board
Head/Disk
Assembly
Figure 3-10 Mounting Screw Clearance for the Maxtor Hard Disk Drives
CAUTION: The PCB is very close to the mounting holes. Do not ex-
ceed the specified length for the mounting screws. The
specified screw length allows full use of the mounting hole
threads, while avoiding damaging or placing unwanted stress
on the PCB. Figure 3-10 specifies the minimum clearance be-
tween the PCB and the screws in the mounting holes. To
avoid stripping the mounting hole threads, the maximum
torque applied to the screws must not exceed 8 inch-pounds.
A maximum screw length of 0.25 inches may be used.
3.5.3 Clearance
Clearance from the drive to any other surface (except mounting
surfaces) must be a minimum of 1.25 mm (0.05 inches).
3.5.4 Ventilation
The Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 60/80/120/160/200GB AT hard disk
drives operate without a cooling fan, provided the ambient air
temperature does not exceed 131° F (55° C) at any point along the
drive form factor envelope.
Once you have disabled the hard disk drive controller functions on the
floppy/hard drive controller, install the adapter board. Again, make sure
that you have set all jumper straps on the adapter board to avoid
addressing and signal conflicts.
Note: For Sections 3.3 and 3.6, power should be turned off
on the computer before installing the drive.
Pin 1
40-Pin Header
ATA-Bus
Interface Cable
DC Power
Power Supply Cable Connector
(3-Pin or 4-Pin)
Bevel
Figure 3-11 Drive Power Supply and ATA Bus Interface Cables
Mounting Screws
DOS and Windows 95 use a File Allocation Table (FAT) size of 16 bits
which will only support partitions up to 2.1 GB. Windows 95 OSR2,
Windows 98, and Windows ME use a FAT size of 32 bits, allowing
partitions of up to 2.2 terrabytes. Windows NT, 2000, and XP Use
NTFS, which allows partition sizes up to 16 terrabytes.
The SETUP program allows you to enter the types of optional hardware
installed—such as the hard disk drive type, the floppy disk drive
capacity, and the display adapter type. The system’s BIOS uses this
information to initialize the system when the power is switched on. For
instructions on how to use the SETUP program, refer to the system
manual for your PC.
During the AT system CMOS setup, you must enter the drive type for
the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 hard disk drives. The drive supports the
translation of its physical drive geometry parameters such as cylinders,
heads, and sectors per track to a logical addressing mode. The drive can
work with different BIOS drive-type tables of the various host systems.
You can choose any drive type that does not exceed the capacity of the
drive. Table 3-4 gives the logical parameters that provide the maximum
capacity on the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 family of hard disk drives.
ATA/133
6Y060L0 119,150 16 63 120,103,200 60GB
2 MB Buffer
ATA/133
6Y080L0 158,816 16 63 160,086,528 80GB
2 MB Buffer
SATA 150
6Y080M0 158,816 16 63 160,086,528 80GB
8 MB Buffer
ATA/133
6Y120L0 238,216 16 63 240,121,728 120GB
2 MB Buffer
SATA 150
6Y120M0 238,216 16 63 240,121,728 120GB
8 MB Buffer
ATA/133
6Y160L0 317,632 16 63 320,173,056 160GB
2 MB Buffer
SATA 150
6Y160M0 317,632 16 63 320,173,056 160GB
8 MB Buffer
ATA/133
6Y200PO 395,136 16 63 398,297,088 200GB
8 MB Buffer
SATA 150
6Y200MO 395,136 16 63 398,297,088 200GB
8MB Buffer
You must choose a drive type that meets the following requirements:
For the Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 60/80/120/160/200GB ATGB:
Formatted Capacity
60GB 80GB 120GB 160GB 200GB
(GB LBA Mode)
Number of Servo
192
Sectors
Track-to-Track 0.9
To/From Interface
133
(Maxtor Ultra ATA/133, up to)
To/From Interface
150
(SATA with 8 MB Buffer)
PARAMETER VALUE
Spin-up
The drive is spinning up following initial application of power and has
not yet reached full speed.
Seek
A random access operation by the drive.
Read/Write
Data is being read from or written to the drive.
Idle
The drive is spinning, the actuator is parked and powered off and all
other circuitry is powered on.
The drive is capable of responding to read commands within 40 ms.
Standby
The motor is not spinning. The drive will leave this mode upon receipt
of a command that requires disk access. The time-out value for this
mode is programmable. The buffer is active to accept write data.
Sleep
This is the lowest power state – with the interface set to inactive. A
software or hardware reset is required to return the drive to the Standby
state.
NON-OPERATING/
PARAMETER OPERATING
STORAGE
Altitude (relative to sea level) -650 to 10,000 feet -650 to 40,000 feet
Notes:
Data Reliability
<1 per 10e15 bits read
4.11 EMC/EMI
4.11.1 Radiated Electromagnetic Field Emissions - EMC Compliance
The hard disk drive mechanism is designed as a subassembly for
installation into a suitable enclosure and is therefore not subject to
Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules (47CFR15) or the Canadian
Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations.
Although not required, the disk mechanism has been tested within a
suitable end-use product and found to comply with Class B limits of the
FCC Rules and Regulations of the Canadian Department of
Communications.
5.1 INTRODUCTION
Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 hard disk drives use the standard ATA/
ATAPI interface. Support of various options in the standard are
explained in the following sections.
The Maxtor DiamondMax Plus9 hard disk drives support all Ultra DMA
Data Transfer modes (0 - 5) defined in the ATA/ATAPI-6 standard. In
addition, these drives support Mode 6, and can send and receive data at
the full 133MB/s transfer rate.
Hosts may assert the RESET- signal for longer than the minimum. When
Feature
Command
Command Register
Code
Value(s)
CHECK POWER MODE 98h, E5h
DEVICE CONFIGURATION FREEZE LOCK B1h C1h
DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY B1h C2h
DEVICE CONFIGURATION RESTORE B1h C0h
DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET B1h C3h
DOWNLOAD MICROCODE 92h 07h, 01h
EXECUTE DRIVE DIAGNOSTIC 90h
FLUSH CACHE E7h
IDENTIFY DRIVE ECh
Feature
Command
Command Register
Code
Value(s)
IDLE 97h, E3h
IDLE IMMEDIATE 95h, E1h
NOP 00h
READ BUFFER E4h
READ DMA C8h, C9h
READ LONG 22h, 23h
READ MULTIPLE C4h
READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS F8h
READ SECTOR(S) 20h, 21h
READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) 40h, 41h
SECURITY DISABLE PASSWORD F6h
SECURITY ERASE PREPARE F3h
SECURITY ERASE UNIT F4h
SECURITY FREEZE LOCK F5H
SECURITY SET PASSWORD F1h
SECURITY UNLOCK F2h
SEEK 70h
SET FEATURES EFh Note 1
SET MAX ADDRESS F9h 00h
SET MAX SET PASSWORD F9h 01h
SET MAX LOCK F9h 02h
SET MAX UNLOCK F9h 03h
SET MAX FREEZE LOCK F9h 04h
SET MULTIPLE MODE C6h
SLEEP 99h, E6h
Feature
Command
Command Register
Code
Value(s)
SMART DISABLE OPERATIONS B0h D9h
SMART ENABLE OPERATIONS B0h D8h
SMART ENABLE/DISABLE ATTRIBUTE AUTOSAVE B0h D2h
SMART EXECUTE OFF-LINE IMMEDIATE B0h D4h
SMART READ DATA B0h D0h
SMART READ LOG B0h D5h
SMART RETURN STATUS B0h DAh
SMART SAVE ATTRIBUTE VALUES B0h D3h
SMART WRITE LOG B0h D6h
STANDBY 96h, E2h
STANDBY IMMEDIATE 94h, E0h
WRITE BUFFER E8h
WRITE DMA CAh, CBh
WRITE MULTIPLE C5h
WRITE PIO OVERLAP 34h
WRITE SECTOR(S) 30h, 31h
1.Sets BSY
4. Generates an interrupt
The host may then read the information out of the sector buffer.
Parameter words in the buffer are shown in Table 5-2.
14-8: Retired
6: Obsolete
5-3: Retired
2: Response incomplete
1: Retired
0: Reserved
1 Obsolete
2 Specific configuration
3 Obsolete
4-5 Retired
6 Obsolete
9 Retired
20-21 Retired
22 Reserved
47 15-8: 80h
48 Reserved
49 Capabilities
13:
1 = Standby timer values as specified in this standard are supported.
0 = Standby timer values shall be managed by the device
9: 1 = LBA supported
8: 1 = DMA supported.
7-0: Retired
50 Capabilities
13-2: Reserved.
1: Obsolete
51-52 Obsolete
2:
1 = the fields reported in word 88 are valid.
0 = the fields reported in word 88 are not valid
1:
1 = the fields reported in words (70:64) are valid.
0 = the fields reported in words (70:64) are not valid
0: Obsolete
54-58 Obsolete
59 15-9: Reserved
7-0: xxh = Current setting for number of sectors that shall be transferred per
interrupt on R/W Multiple command
62 Obsolete
63 15-11: Reserved
10:
1 = Multiword DMA mode 2 is selected.
0 = Multiword DMA mode 2 is not selected
9:
1 = Multiword DMA mode 1 is selected.
0 = Multiword DMA mode 1 is not selected
8:
1 = Multiword DMA mode 0 is selected.
0 = Multiword DMA mode 0 is not selected
7-3: Reserved
64 15-8: Reserved
75 Queue depth
15-5: Reserved
15: Reserved
6: 1 = supports ATA/ATAPI-6
5: 1 = supports ATA/ATAPI-5
4: 1 = supports ATA/ATAPI-4
3: 1 = supports ATA-3
2: Obsolete
1: Obsolete
0: Reserved
15: Obsolete
11: Obsolete
6: 1 = look-ahead supported
4: Shall be cleared to zero to indicate that the PACKET Command feature set is
not supported
13-8: Reserved
6: 1 = WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE FUA EXT commands
supported
15: Obsolete
11: Obsolete
6: 1 = look-ahead enabled
4: Shall be cleared to zero to indicate that the PACKET Command feature set is
not supported.
15-14: Reserved
13-8: Reserved
88 15: Reserved
14: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 6 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 6 is not selected
13: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 5 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 5 is not selected
12: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 4 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 4 is not selected
11: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 3 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 3 is not selected
10: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 2 is selected. 0 = Ultra DMA mode 2 is not selected
7: Reserved
13: 1 = device detected CBLID- above ViH. 0 = device detected CBLID- below
ViL
12-8: Device 1 hardware reset result. Device 0 shall clear these bits to zero.
Device shall set these bits as follows:
12: Reserved.
10-9: These bits indicate how Device 1 determined the device number:
00 = Reserved.
7-0: Device 0 hardware reset result. Device 1 shall clear these bits to zero.
Device shall set these bits as follows:
7: Reserved.
2-1: These bits indicate how Device 0 determined the device number:
00 = Reserved.
12-4: Reserved
108-126 Reserved
15-2: Reserved
1-0:
10 = Reserved
11 = Reserved
15-9: Reserved
7-6: Reserved
3: 1 = Security frozen
2: 1 = Security locked
1: 1 = Security enabled
0: 1 = Security supported
160-254 Reserved
15-8: Checksum
7-0: Signature
For Product Service and Support Information please visit our site at:
The most recent barrier which will be surmounted in 2001, is the 137-
gigabyte limit or a single ATA drive. The first ATA devices to exceed 137
gigabytes will be four-platter hard disk drives with 40 gigabytes per
platter, yielding 160 gigabytes per drive. These drives will be available in
the second half of 2001. Later in the same year, capacity will continue to
grow to 60 gigabytes per platter, and a three-disk, 180-gigabyte device
will be available and shipping.
The ANSI NCITS T13 Technical Committee (also known as the ANSI ATA
committee) has broken this barrier by incorporating a proposal from
Maxtor into the ATA/ATAPI-6 draft standard that defines a method for
48-bit addressing on a single drive, giving more than 144 petabytes
(144,000 gigabytes) of storage.
In addition, the proposal from Maxtor that was incorporated into ATA/
ATAPI-6 defines a method for extending the maximum amount of data
that can be transferred per command for ATA devices from 256 sectors
(about 131 kilobytes) to 65,536 sectors (about 33 megabytes). This new
method is particularly useful for applications that use extremely large
files, such as those for A/V or multimedia.
A.1.1 History
Many of the “barriers” in the past resulted from BIOS and operating
system issues caused by failure to anticipate the remarkable increases in
device storage capacity by the people who designed hard disk structures,
access routines, and operating systems many years ago. They thought,
“Who will ever have xxx much storage?” In some cases, the barriers were
caused by hardware or software bugs not found until hard disks had
grown in size beyond a certain point where the bugs would occur.
Past barriers often frustrated people trying to add a new hard disk to an
older system when they discovered that not all of the designed capacity
of the hard disk was accessible. This inability to access the entire drive is
referred to as a “capacity barrier” and it has been seen and overcome
many times in the computer and disk drive industry.
10,000,000
1,000,000
Win2000 137GB
100,000 WinME WinXP
3.x 32MB
16MB
10MB
10
New commands specific to this feature set have been defined so that
devices can implement the new feature set in addition to previously
defined commands. Devices implementing the 48-bit Address feature set
commands will also implement commands that use 28-bit addressing in
order to maintain interoperability with older system components. In
addition, 8-bit and 48-bit commands may be intermixed.
The 48-bit Address feature set operates in LBA addressing only. Support
of the 48-bit Address feature set is indicated in the IDENTIFY DEVICE
response data. In a device implementing the 48-bit Address feature set,
the registers used for addressing are, in fact, a two-byte deep FIFO. Each
time one of these registers is written, the new content written is placed
into the “most recently written” location and the previous content of the
register is moved to “previous content” location. A host may read the
“previous content” of the registers by first setting a bit in the Device
Control register to 1 and then reading the desired register.
This barrier could be real as early as 2004 if current hard drive capacity
rate increases continue along the same growth trends.
Appendix A: Terminology
• BIOS: (an acronym for Basic Input/Output System design):
The BIOS processes and redirects all data as it is being
accessed and stored.
• FAT: (an acronym for File Allocation Table): The FAT tells the
computer where data has been stored on the hard drive.
• CHS: (an acronym for Cylinders, Heads, and Sectors): The
basic layout components of a hard drive. INT 13h & INT 13h
extensions: protocols used for accessing data on hard drives.
Appendix C: Resources
• Maxtor “Big Drive” web site for resource information:
http://www.maxtor.com/bigdrive
• ATA/ATAPI-6: http://www.T13.org
ALLOCATION – The process of assigning BAD BLOCK – A block (usually the size of
particular areas of the disk to particular files. a sector) that cannot reliably hold data because
See also allocation unit. of a media flaw or damaged format markings.
BAD TRACK TABLE – A label affixed to
the casing of a hard disk drive that tells which
tracks are flawed and cannot hold data. The
listing is typed into the low-level formatting
program when the drive is being installed.
Because Maxtor disk drive’s
defect-management scheme handles all such
flaws automatically, there is no need to
concern yourself with bad track tables.
BYTE – The basic unit of computer CYLINDER – On a disk drive that has more
memory, large enough to hold one character than one recording surface and heads that
of alphanumeric data. Comprised of eight bits. move to various tracks, the group of all tracks
See also bit. located at a given head position. The number
of cylinders times the number of heads equals
the number of tracks per drive.
C D
CACHE – Random-access memory used as a DATA SEPARATOR – On a disk drive
buffer between the CPU and a hard disk. that stores data and timing information in an
Information more likely to be read or changed encoded form, the circuit that extracts the
is placed in the cache, where it can be accessed data from the combined data and clock signal.
more quickly to speed up general data flow.
DEDICATED SERVO – A surface separate
CAPACITY – The amount of information from the surface used for data that contains
that can be stored on a disk drive. The data is only disk timing and positioning information
stored in bytes, and capacity is usually and contains no data.
expressed in megabytes.
DEFECT MANAGEMENT – A method
CDB – Command Descriptor Block. The that is implemented to ensure long term data
SCSI structure used to communicate requests integrity. Defect management eliminates the
from an initiator (system) to a target (drive). need for user defect maps. This is
accomplished by scanning the disk drives at
CLEAN ROOM – An environmentally the factory for defective sectors. Defective
controlled dust-free assembly or repair facility sectors are deallocated prior to shipment. In
in which hard disk drives are assembled or can addition, during regular use, the drive
be opened for internal servicing. continues to scan and compensate for any new
defective sectors on the disk.
CLUSTER – A group of sectors on a disk
drive that is addressed as one logical unit by DISK – In general, any circular-shaped
the operating system. data-storage medium that stores data on the
flat surface of the platter. The most common
CONTROLLER – Short form of disk type of disk is the magnetic disk, which stores
controller. The chip or complete circuit that data as magnetic patterns in a metal or
translates computer data and commands into a metal-oxide coating. Magnetic disks come in
form suitable for use by the disk drive. two forms: floppy and hard. Optical recording
is a newer disk technology that gives higher
capacity storage but at slower access times.
DISK CONTROLLER – A plug-in board, FAT – Acronym for file allocation table. A data
or embedded circuitry on the drive, that table stored on the outer edge of a disk that
passes information to and from the disk. The tells the operating system which sectors are
Maxtor disk drives all have controllers allocated to each file and in what order.
embedded on the drive printed-circuit board.
FCI – Acronym for flux changes per inch. See
DISKWARE – The program instructions also BPI.
and data stored on the disk for use by a
processor. FILE SERVER – A computer that provides
network stations with controlled access to
DMA – Acronym for direct memory access. A shareable resources. The network operating
process by which data moves directly between system is loaded on the file server, and most
a disk drive (or other device) and system shareable devices (disk subsystems, printers)
memory without passing through the CPU, are attached to it. The file server controls
thus allowing the system to continue system security and monitors
processing other tasks while the new data is station-to-station communications. A
being retrieved. dedicated file server can be used only as a file
server while it is on the network. A non
DRIVE – Short form of disk drive. dedicated file server can be used
simultaneously as a file server and a
DRIVE GEOMETRY – The functional workstation.
dimensions of a drive in terms of the number
of heads, cylinders, and sectors per track. See FLUX DENSITY – The number of
also logical format. magnetic field patterns that can be stored in a
given length of disk surface. The number is
usually stated as flux changes per inch (FCI),
with typical values in the thousands.
E
FLYING HEIGHT – The distance between
ECC – Acronym for error correction code. The the read/write head and the disk surface
recording of extra verifying information caused by a cushion of air that keeps the head
encoded along with the disk data. The from contacting the media. Smaller flying
controller uses the extra information to check heights permit more dense storage of data, but
for data errors, and corrects the errors when require more precise mechanical designs.
possible.
FORMAT – To write onto the disk surface a
EMBEDDED SERVO – A timing or magnetic track pattern that specifies the
location signal placed on the disk’s surface on locations of the tracks and sectors. This
the tracks that also store data. These signals information must exist on a disk before it can
allow the actuator to fine-tune the position of store any user data. Formatting erases any
the read/write heads. previously stored data.
F G
K M
KILOBYTE (Kb) – A unit of measure MB – See megabyte.
consisting of 1,024 (210) bytes.
MEDIA – The magnetic film that is
deposited or coated on an aluminum substrate
which is very flat and in the shape of a disk.
L The media is overcoated with a lubricant to
prevent damage to the heads or media during
LANDING ZONE – A position inside the head take off and landing. The media is where
disk’s inner cylinder in a non data area the data is stored inside the disk in the form of
reserved as a place to rest the heads during the magnetic flux or polarity changes.
time that power is off. Using this area prevents
the heads from touching the surface in data MEGABYTE (MB) – A unit of
areas upon power down, adding to the data measurement equal to 1,024 kilobytes, or
integrity and reliability of the disk drive. 1,048,576 bytes except when referring to disk
storage capacity.
LATENCY – The period of time during
which the read/write heads are waiting for the 1 MB = 1,000,000 bytes when referring to
data to rotate into position so that it can be disk storage capacity.
accessed. Based on a disk rotation speed of
3,662 rpm, the maximum latency time is 16.4 See also kilobyte.
milliseconds, and the average latency time is
8.2 milliseconds. MEGAHERTZ – A measurement of
frequency in millions of cycles per second.
LOGICAL FORMAT – The logical drive
geometry that appears to an AT system BIOS MHz – See megahertz.
as defined by the drive tables and stored in
CMOS. With an installation program like MICROPROCESSOR – The integrated
Disk Manager, the drive can be redefined to circuit chip that performs the bulk of data
any logical parameters necessary to adapt to processing and controls the operation of all of
the system drive tables. the parts of the system. A disk drive also
contains a microprocessor to handle all of the
LOOK AHEAD – The technique of internal functions of the drive and to support
buffering data into cache RAM by reading the embedded controller.
subsequent blocks in advance to anticipate the
next request for data. The look ahead MICROSECOND (µs) – One millionth of
technique speeds up disk access of sequential a second (.000001 sec.).
blocks of data.
MILLISECOND (ms) – One thousandth of
LOW-LEVEL FORMATTING – a second (.001 sec.).
Formatting that creates the sectors on the
platter surfaces so the operating system can MTTF – MTTF is a basic measure of
access the required areas for generating the file reliability for non-repairable systems. It is the
structure. Maxtor drives are shipped with the mean time expected until the first failure of a
low-level formatting already done. piece of equipment. MTTF is a statistical
value and is meant to be the mean over a long
LOW PROFILE – Describes drives built to period of time and large number of units. For
the 3 1/2-inch form factor, which are only 1 constant failure rate systems, MTTF is the
inch high. inverse of the failure rate. If failure rate is in
failures/million hours, MTTF = 1,000,000 /
Failure Rate for components with
exponential distributions.
MTTR – Mean Time To Repair. The PLATTER – An disk made of metal (or
average time it takes to repair a drive that has other rigid material) that is mounted inside a
failed for some reason. This only takes into fixed disk drive. Most drives use more than
consideration the changing of the major one platter mounted on a single spindle (shaft)
sub-assemblies such as circuit board or sealed to provide more data storage surfaces in a
housing. Component level repair is not small package. The platter is coated with a
included in this number as this type of repair magnetic material that is used to store data as
is not performed in the field. transitions of magnetic polarity.
PARTITION – A portion of a hard disk RAM DISK – A “phantom disk drive” for
devoted to a particular operating system and which a section of system memory (RAM) is
accessed as one logical volume by the system. set aside to hold data, just as if it were a
number of disk sectors. The access to this data
PERFORMANCE – A measure of the speed is extremely fast but is lost when the system is
of the drive during normal operation. Factors reset or turned off.
affecting performance are seek times, transfer
rate and command overhead. READ AFTER WRITE – A mode of
operation that has the computer read back
PERIPHERAL – A device added to a system each sector on the disk, checking that the data
as an enhancement to the basic CPU, such as read back is the same as recorded. This slows
a disk drive, tape drive or printer. disk operations, but raises reliability.
PHYSICAL FORMAT – The actual READ VERIFY – A disk mode where the
physical layout of cylinders, tracks, and sectors disk reads in data to the controller, but the
on a disk drive. controller only checks for errors and does not
pass the data on to the system.
PLATED MEDIA – Disks that are covered
with a hard metal alloy instead of an READ/WRITE HEAD – The tiny
iron-oxide compound. Plated disks can store electromagnetic coil and metal pole piece
greater amounts of data in the same area as a used to create and read back the magnetic
coated disk. patterns (write or read information) on the
disk. Each side of each platter has its own
read/write head.
RLL – Run Length Limited. A method used SERVO SURFACE – A separate surface
on some hard disks to encode data into containing only positioning and disk timing
magnetic pulses. RLL requires more information but no data.
processing, but stores almost 50% more data
per disk than the MFM method. SETTLE TIME – The interval between
when a track to track movement of the head
ROM – Acronym for read only memory. stops, and when the residual vibration and
Usually in the form of an ROM in the movement dies down to a level sufficient for
controller that contains programs that can be reliable reading or writing.
accessed and read but not modified by the
system. SHOCK RATING – A rating (expressed in
Gs) of how much shock a disk drive can
ROTARY ACTUATOR – The rotary sustain without damage.
actuator replaces the stepper motor used in the
past by many hard disk manufacturers. The SOFT ERROR – An error in reading data
rotary actuator is perfectly balanced and from the disk that does not recur if the same
rotates around a single pivot point. It allows data is reread. Often caused by power
closed-loop feedback positioning of the heads, fluctuations or noise spikes.
which is more accurate than stepper motors.
SOFT SECTORED – Disks that mark the
ROTATIONAL LATENCY – The delay beginning of each sector of data within a track
between when the controller starts looking by a magnetic pattern.
for a specific block of data on a track and
when that block rotates around to where it SPINDLE – The center shaft of the disk
can be read by the read/write head. On the upon which the drive’s platters are mounted.
average, it is half of the time needed for a full
rotation (about 8 ms.). SPUTTER – A type of coating process used
to apply the magnetic coating to some
high-performance disks. In sputtering, the
disks are placed in a vacuum chamber and the
S coating is vaporized and deposited on the
disks. The resulting surface is hard, smooth,
SCSI – Acronym for Small Computer System and capable of storing data at high density.
Interface, an American National Standards Maxtor disk drives use sputtered thin film
Institute (ANSI) version of Shugart Associates' disks.
SASI interface between the computer and
controller. SCSI has grown in popularity and STEPPER – A type of motor that moves in
is one of the most flexible and intelligent discrete amounts for each input electrical
interfaces available. pulse. Stepper motors used to be widely used
for read/write head positioner, since they can
SECTOR – A section of space along a track be geared to move the head one track per
on the disk, or the data that is stored in that step. Stepper motors are not as fast or reliable
section. Hard disks most often have sectors as the rotary voice coil actuators which
that are 512 data bytes long plus several bytes Maxtor disk drives use.
overhead for error correcting codes. Each
sector is preceded by ID data known as a
V
T
VOICE COIL – A type of motor used to
THIN FILM – A type of coating, used for move the disk read/write head in and out to
disk surfaces. Thin film surfaces allow more the right track. Voice-coil actuators work like
bits to be stored per disk. loudspeakers with the force of a magnetic coil
causing a proportionate movement of the
TPI – Acronym for tracks per inch. The head. Maxtor's actuator uses voice-coil
number of tracks or cylinders that are written technology, and thereby eliminates the high
in each inch of travel across the surface of a stress wearing parts found on stepper motor
disk. type actuators.
TRACK – One of the many concentric
magnetic circle patterns written on a disk
surface as a guide to where to store and read W
the data.
TRACK DENSITY – How closely the WEDGE SERVO – The position on every
tracks are packed on a disk surface. The track that contains data used by the closed
number is specified as tracks per inch (TPI). loop positioning control. This information is
used to fine tune the position of the
TRACK TO TRACK SEEK TIME – The read/write heads exactly over the track
time required for the read/write heads to center.
move to an adjacent track.
WINCHESTER DISKS – Hard disks that
TRANSFER RATE – The rate at which the use a technology similar to an IBM model
disk sends and receives data from the using Winchester as the code name. These
controller. Drive specifications usually disks use read/write heads that ride just above
reference a high number that is the burst the magnetic surface, held up by the air flow
mode rate for transferring data across the created by the turning disk. When the disk
interface from the disk buffer to system RAM. stops turning, the heads land on the surface,
Sustained data transfer is at a much lower rate which has a specially lubricated coating.
because of system processing overhead, head Winchester disks must be sealed and have a
switches, and seeks. filtration system since ordinary dust particles
are large enough to catch between the head
and the disk.
A J
C
M
cable Select 3-7
cable select (CS) jumper 3-6 maximum screw torque 3-18
clearance 3-19 mechanical dimensions 3-1
command descriptions 5-2 motherboard 3-20
connector, IDE 3-11, 3-16 mounting 3-17
cooling fan requirements 3-19 mounting dimensions 3-17
mounting holes 3-17
mounting screw clearance 3-18
D mounting screws 3-18
MS-DOS 3-26
daisy-chain 2-3
daisy-chained 3-6
drive select (DS) jumper 3-7 P
packing assembly 3-2
F packing materials 3-2
power and AT bus connector 3-10
faceplate 3-1
power and bus interface cables 3-21
floppy drive 3-20
power connector 3-9, 3-13
H S
hardware options 3-5
shipping container 3-2
slave Present 3-7
I slave present (SP) jumper 3-7