Our Topic.

0 Now a days textile is known as a alternative name of

fashion. Every where is textile.
0 Fiber is the most important thing for textile as a raw
material.
0 There are mainly two types of fiber.
1. Natural.
2. Manmade.

Our today's topic is “ Natural Fiber”

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 Types of natural fiber
0 Animal
1. Filament
2. Staple
0 Vegetable/ Plant
1. Seed 2. Bast
3. Leaf 4. Fruit
0 Mineral
Asbestos ( This is only the fiber which is completely minarel)

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 History of natural fiber.
0 Flax: First used fiber. (Used 5000 years ago).
0 Silk: Invented by Queen of a Mythic Yellow Emperor.
(The oldest evidence of silk found that was 2600
B.C.E)
0 Wool: First used natural animal fiber.
0 Cotton: It was used 3000 years before. (The oldest
evidence of cotton found that was 3000 years old.)

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 The four most important
natural fiber.

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 Cotton
For huge use & availability with its
other characteristic its called the
“King of Fiber”
by the textile world.
The family of cotton is Malvaceae.
Example:
Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium barbadence
U.S.A, Egypt, India, Pakistan, Brazil,
turkey & some others countries are
the leading producer of cotton.

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 Types of cotton
0Sea Island cotton
0Egyptian cotton
0South American
0American cotton
0Indian cotton
0China cotton
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 Chemical composition of cotton
0 Cellulose 94%
0 Protein 1.3%
0 Ash 1.2%
0 Wax 0.6%
0 Sugar 0.3%
0 Pigment trace
0 Other 2.6%

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 Flax
Flax is a important natural
fiber, because human used
it first as a fiber to make
cloth.
Its only but a great character
is its strength.
Russia, Belgium, Holland , England and
Ireland are the leading producing country
of flax.
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 Wool
wool is second most widely
used natural fiber. Its was
probably first animal fiber
to be made into cloth.
The wool of merino sheep is
the best.
Black face ewe, Dorset rams, South down
ewe cheviotral from these too we get wool.
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 Chemical composition of
wool:
0Keratin 33%
0Dirt 26%
0Suint 28%
0Fat 12%
0Mineral 1%
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 Silk
China is the motherland of silk. For its lusture,
smoothness & beauty its called the “Queen of
Fiber”

There are many countries where silk is produced

besides China, India, Italy, Spain, France, Austria
produce a lot amount of silk.

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 Types of silk
Thrown silk Spun silk.

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 Chemical composition of silk
0 The gum or sericin- 22- 25%
0 Silk or fibrion - 62.5- 67%
0 Water moisture- 10- 11%
0 Salts - 1- 1.5%

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 Jute
(important for us)
Jute is the golden fiber of
Bangladesh. We use to earn
a lot of foreign currency
from this.
Many countries produce jute
as India, Bangladesh, China,
Myanmar, Uzbekistan, Nepal
& some other countries too.
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 Kinds of Jute
There are mainly two kinds of jute in use
0 White jute
0 Tossa jute.
There is another variety which is known as “Mesta jute”.

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 Chemical composition of
jute fiber
0Cellulose – 65.2%
0Hemi cellulose – 22.2%
0Lignin – 10.8 %
0Water soluble – 1.5 %
0Fat & wax – 0.3 %
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 Minor natural fiber
0 Kapok, Hemp, Ramie, Sisal, Pina, Coir, Mohair,
Cashmere, Llama, Alpaca etc.
0 Asbestos is another minor fiber. Only this is
completely mineral.
0 Vicuna is the best wool but it is too much expensive.
Another cause is when one try to collect wool from
vicuna, he has to kill it.

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 Advantage of natural fiber
0 Available in nature, just have to
cultivate.
0 These are chepe.
0 They readily absorb moisture
0 Comfortable.
0 It has no dermatological effect on
human skin.
0 It is easy to sew and the seam held tight.
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 Prepared by
0 Faysal Islam
0 ID. 09322015
0 Batch: 13th
0 Program: B.S.T.E.

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