Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
(genre) dalam bahasa inggris yang dipelajari pada tingkat SMP/MTS atau SMA/MA:
Jenis teks yang dipelajari di setiap jenjang dan semester tentunya berbeda. Inilah urutan jenis teks yang dipelajari di
setiap jenjang dan semester.
1. RECOUNT TEXT
Tujuan komunikatif:
Melaporkan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan dengan tujuan memberitakan atau menghibur.
Struktur teks (Generic Structure) :
* Pendahuluan (orientasi), yaitu memberikan informasi tentang apa, siapa, di mana dan kapan;
* Laporan (rentetan) peristiwa, kegiatan yang terjadi, yang biasanya disampaikan secara berurut
Contoh:
Holiday
Last week I and my family went to Pangandaran beach for having holiday.
Arived there, we looked for a hotel. Afteer that I visited spill market to buy swiming dress. Then I went to the beach
for swimming and surving. The next day, I visited the souvenir shop. There were many kinds of souvenir. I bought
some souvenirs there. Meanwhile my parents and my sister were looking for beach dress at the market. Finally, we
went home and we had the holiday.
2. REPORT
They therefore breathe air but cannot survive on land. Some species are very large indeed and the blue whale,
which can exceed 30m in length, is the largest animal to have lived on earth. Superficially, the whale looks rather
like a fish, but there are important differences in its external structure: its tail consists ofa pair of broad, flat,
horizontal paddles (the tail of a fish is vertical) and it has a single nostril on top of its large, broad head. The skin
is smooth and shiny and beneath it lies a layer of fat (blubber). This is up to 30 cm in thickness and serves to
conserve heat and body fluids.
3. PROCEDURE
4. NARRATIVE
5. NEWS ITEM
6. DESCRIPTION
Social Function descriptive:
To describe a particular person, place or thing.
Generic Structure descriptive:
1. Identification (identify phenomenon to be described)
2. Description (describe parts, qualities, characteristics)
Language features descriptive:
Focus on specific participants
Use of attributive and identifying processes
Frequent use classifiers in nominal groups.
Use of the Simple Present Tense
Contoh:
Natural Bridge National Park
Identification
Natural Bridge National Park is a luscious tropical rainforest.
Description
It is located 110 kilometres south of Brisbane and is reached by following the Pacific Highway to Nerang and then
by travelling through the Numinbah Valley. This scenic roadway lies in the shadow of the Lamington National
Park.
The phenomenon of the rock formed into a natural ‘arch* and the cave through which a waterfall cascades is
a short 1 kilometre walk below a dense rainforest canopy from the main picnic area. Swimming is permitted in the
rock pools. Night-time visitors to the cave will discover the unique feature of the glow worms.
Picnic areas offer toilets, barbecues, shelter sheds, water and fireplaces; however, overnight camping is not
permitted.
7. ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION
Thesis { I personally think that English is the world’s most important language. Why do I say that?
Argument 1 { Firstly, English is an international language. It is spoken by many people all around the world, either
as a first or second language.
Argument 2 { Secondly, English is also the key which opens doors to scientific and technical knowledge, which is
needed for the economic and political development of many countries in the world.
Argument 3 { Thirdly, English is a top requirement of those seeking jobs. Applicants who master either active or
passive English are more favorable than those who do not.
Conclusion { From the fact above, it is obvious that everybody needs to learn English to greet the global era.
8. HORTATORY EXPOSITION
Social function hortatory exposition:
To persuade the readers or the listeners that something should or should not be the case.
Generic structure hortatory exposition:
1. Thesis ( stating an issue of concern)
2. Arguments ( giving reasons for concern, leading recommendation)
3. Recommendation (stating what ought or ought not to happen)
Language features hortatory exposition:
Emotive words: alarmed, worried
Words that qualify statements: usual probably
Words that link arguments: firstly, however, on the other hand, therefore
Usually present tense
Compound and complex sentences
Modal auxiliary: can, may, should, must
Contoh:
Corruption
Thesis
(Announcement of issue concern)
Do you know what the meaning of corruption is? What is the relation between money and corruption? Well,
corruption is common everywhere in the world, even in the United States. It’s just a matter of intensity. However, it
is quite shocking when one reliable survey claims Jakarta as the most corrupt place in Indonesia.
Argument 1
The survey has made me sad, actually, because I stay and earn a living here in the capital. As most people know,
Tanjung Priok port smuggling is not a new thing at all. Entrepreneurs who want to minimize their tax payments tend
to do such a thing more often. They even bribe the officials.
Argument 2
Well, I think the measures taken so far to overcome the problem by punishing the corruptors is still not far enough.
We have to prevent the younger generations from getting a bad mentality caused by corruption.
Recommendation
I believe we should start at the earliest stages in school and I think everyone should be involved in the effort to
eradicate corruption. We must not make any distinction.
Adapted from: The Jakarta Post, February 2005
9. EXPLANATION
10. DISCUSSION
Contoh 2:
The Advantage and Disadvantage of Nuclear Power
Nuclear power is generated by using uranium which is a metal mined in various part of the world. The first large
scale of nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England in 1956.
Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engine. Nuclear power produces around 11% of
the world's energy needed, and produces huge amounts of energy. It cause no pollution as we would get when
burning fossil fuels. The advantages of nuclear plant are as follow:
It costs about the same coal, so it is not expansive to make.
It does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide, so it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect.
It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.
It produces small amount of waste.
It is reliable.
On the other hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow
the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if
it does go wrong, a nuclear accident ca be a major accident.
People are increasingly concerned about this matter. In the 1990's nuclear power was the fastest growing source of
power in many parts of the world.
11. REVIEW
Contoh 2:
The Advantage and Disadvantage of Nuclear Power
Nuclear power is generated by using uranium which is a metal mined in various part of the world. The first large
scale of nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England in 1956.
Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engine. Nuclear power produces around 11% of
the world's energy needed, and produces huge amounts of energy. It cause no pollution as we would get when
burning fossil fuels. The advantages of nuclear plant are as follow:
It costs about the same coal, so it is not expansive to make.
It does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide, so it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect.
It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.
It produces small amount of waste.
It is reliable.
On the other hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow
the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if
it does go wrong, a nuclear accident ca be a major accident.
People are increasingly concerned about this matter. In the 1990's nuclear power was the fastest growing source of
power in many parts of the world.
12. SPOOF
Contoh:
The Blonde and the Lawyer
A blonde and a lawyer are seated next to each other on a flight from LA to NY. The lawyer asks if she would like to
play a fun game.
The blonde, tired, just wants to take a nap, politely declines and rolls over to the window to catch a few winks.
The lawyer persists and explains that the game is easy and a lot of fun.
He explains, “I ask you a question, and if you don’t know the answer, you pay me $5.00, and vise versa.”
Again, she declines and tries to get some sleep. The lawyer, now agitated, says, “Okay, if you don’t know the
answer you pay me $5.00, and if I don’t know the answer, I will pay you $500.00.”
This catches the blonde’s attention and, figuring there will be no end to this torment unless she plays, agrees to the
game. The lawyer asks the first question. “What’s the distance from the earth to the moon?” The blonde doesn’t say
a word, reaches into her purse, pulls out a $5.00 bill and hands it to the lawyer. “Okay” says the lawyer, “your turn.”
She asks the lawyer, “What goes up a hill with three legs and comes down with four legs?” The lawyer, puzzled,
takes out his laptop computer and searches all his references, no answer. He taps into the air phone with his modem
and searches the net and the library of congress, no answer. Frustrated, he sends e-mails to all his friends and
coworkers, to no avail. After an hour, he wakes the blonde, and hands her $500.00.
The blonde says, “Thank you”, and turns back to get some more sleep.
The lawyer, who is more than a little miffed, wakes the blonde and asks, “Well, what’s the answer?” Without a
word, the blonde reaches into her purse, hands the lawyer $5.00, and goes back to sleep.
Sources:
http://najmimaulana.wordpress.com/category/teori/genre-jenis-teks/
http://smpn37.wordpress.com/2008/07/03/jenis-jenis-text/
http://sman1slawienglish.wordpress.com/genre-jenis-teks/
http://www.ardianrisqi.com/2010/04/12-genre-bahasa-inggris.html
http://typeoftext.blogspot.com/2009/01/hortatory-exposition.html
http://bos-sulap.blogspot.com/2010/02/contoh-example-of-discussion-text-on.html
http://najmimaulana.wordpress.com