Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
• Research Question
• Theory and Hypotheses
• Research Design
• Operationalization (measurement)
• Empirical Observation and Analysis
• Are falsifiable.
Concepts:
Building Blocks of Theory
Political Participation
Hypotheses
• A hypothesis is a testable statement of causal relationship
between two variables, derived from theory.
• Observable Implications of theory
• Concept
• Highly abstract
• Can represent a variety of things
• Variable
• Generally more specific/observable
• Takes on at least 2 values/categories that vary across the units/cases
in our analysis
• Causal relationship: change in one variable causes a change in
another.
• Operationalization and measurement of variables to be disucssed
later.
Types of variables
• Dependent variable : phenomena impacted by the explanatory variable.
• what we are trying to explain
• Control variables: other causal factors that may influence the dependent
variable.
• More to be discussed later
• Qualitative v. Quantitative Research
• Positive relationship:
• As one’s education increases, the probability of voting increases
• There is a positive relationship between one’s education level and
voting
Examples: