INTRODUCTION

Emotional Intelligence

It’s what makes us respond to a crying baby, a furrowed brow or a smiling face. It’s also
what brings us together, lifts us upward and inspires us onward. Defined by
psychologists in the early ‘90s,Emotional Intelligence is the ability to monitor one’s own
and others’ feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this
information to guide one’s thinking and actions. “Know themselves,” said Plutarch,
writing in ancient Greece. Now extend that to others.

EI vs. IQ

Emotion, according to the experts, is an unconscious state, distinct from cognition

(thinking), volition (will) or motivation. Intelligence, on the other hand, is “a set of
cognitive abilities which allows us to acquire knowledge, to learn and to solve
problems.” Given this, IQ and EI seem like contradictions in terms, an oxymoron, an “us
vs. them.” But IQ/EQ tests not with standing, Emotional Intelligence is not the opposite
of intelligence. Rather it is a unique intersection of the two that can enable you to use
your emotions to help you solve problems and live a more effective life – both at home
and at work.

The EI Advantage

While no substitute for ability, knowledge, or skills, Emotional Intelligence (EI) can be a
significant asset on the job.

• EI can affect the bottom line: In one study, experienced partners with high EI in a
multinational firm delivered $1.2 million more profit from their accounts -- 139% -- over
their cohorts.

• EI can influence effectiveness: a study of manufacturing supervisors given EI

training saw a reduction of 50% in lost-time accidents, 20% in formal grievances, and
plant productivity goals exceeded by $250,000.

• EI can affect personal success: In a cross-cultural study of senior executives, EI

competencies outweighed both IQ and experience in top performers.

Four Fundamentals

Emotional Intelligence consists of four fundamental capabilities: self-awareness

(the ability to identify your own emotions and their impact), self-management (the ability
to control your emotions and behavior), social awareness (the ability to recognize and
understand the emotions of others and react appropriately), and relationship
management (the ability to influence and connect with others). Emotional Intelligence
can be a powerful key to effective leadership. Used and developed wisely, it can help
you build consensus, promote collaboration, manage conflict, generate buy-in, and, in
general, enhance your overall effectiveness in dealing with the changing dynamics you
face today.

“Human beings possess a range of capacities and potentials – multiple intelligences –

that, both individually and in consort, can be put to many productive uses.” Howard
Gardner, Intelligence Reframed Emotional Intelligence is formed in infancy, but unlike
IQ it can be honed and developed with practice. Some seem to possess it in high
degree: those in sales, human resources, health care and customer service, for
instance. EI people tend to be socially poised, outgoing, cheerful, committed to people
or causes, responsible, ethical, sympathetic, caring in relationships, and comfortable
with themselves and others – all positive attributes for the Value Analysis Professional.
Engaging your EI is not always easy. The stress of work, deadlines, dealing with difficult
people or fluctuating situations can make us want to shut down and “just get on with it,”
often with less than beneficial results. Case in point: look at malpractice suits. According
to a study, surgeons who took just three minutes longer with their patients, who made
orienting comments, used encouraging language, and sounded empathetic and
concerned were less likely to be sued than those who did not. The quickest route to EI
in any given situation is through asking yourself four questions:

• How are you and the other person feeling?

• What are you and the other person thinking as a result of your feelings?

• What caused you and the other person to feel the way you do?

• What will you do to manage your, and the other person’s, feelings?

People, People, People

According to some experts, people can be categorized by their patterns of difficult

behavior: hostile/aggressive with a definite idea of how others should act, complainers
who only gripe, unresponsive who clam up, super-agreeable who give only lip service to
support, negativists who know it all – and that it won’t work, and indecisives who can
never make a choice, holding out hope for the perfect solution to present itself. You can
use this knowledge along with your
EI questions to help you as you work with clinicians, physicians, vendors, or
management.

"It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent, but the one
most responsive to change." - Charles Darwin

Apparent in many aspects of human interaction is the notion of "survival of the fittest." In
business, government, science, and even personal relationships, the competition for
that which is scarce drives humans to find an "edge" over their adversaries. A good
indicator of success in the past has been the level of one's intelligence. It was assumed
that the relationship between one's IQ and one's success would be positively correlated.
In other words, "smarter" individuals were bound to triumph over those less intelligent.
However, what about "book smarts vs. street smarts?" Can an individual with an
average IQ be more successful than an IQ genius?
Yes, but only if the individual in question has the higher level of emotional intelligence
(EQ); IQ will get you through school, but EQ gets you through life.
Short Definitions

IQ - A number that signifies the relative intelligence of a person; the ratio multiplied by
100 of the mental age as reported on a standardized test to the chronological age. IQ is
primarily used to measure one's cognitive abilities, such as the ability to learn or
understand new situations; how to reason through a given problem/scenario; the ability
to apply knowledge to one's current situations. It involves primarily the neo cortex or top
portion of the brain.

 Over 140 - Genius or almost genius

 120 - 140 - Very superior intelligence (Gifted)

 110 - 119 - Superior intelligence

 90 - 109 - Average or normal intelligence

 80 - 89 – Dullness

 70 - 79 - Borderline deficiency in intelligence

 Under 70 - Feeble-mindedness
EQ - A measure of one's emotional intelligence, as defined by the ability to use both
emotional and cognitive thought. Emotional intelligence skills include but are not limited
to empathy, intuition, creativity, flexibility, resilience, stress management, leadership,
integrity, authenticity, intrapersonal skills and interpersonal skills. It involves the lower
and central sections of the brain, called the limbic system. It also primarily involves the
amygdala, which has the ability to scan everything that's happening to us moment to
moment to see if it is a threat. As defined by Dr. Daniel Goleman, the components of
emotional intelligence are "simple, yet powerful enough to effect change." Hence, if
Goleman and Darwin are to believed, it is emotionally intelligent individuals who are
most able to adapt to dynamic environments and therefore most likely to survive (read:
succeed).

Examples by comparison of EQ vs. IQ

 Appealing to emotions to convince someone rather than using facts alone

 Using your emotions in addition to your cognitive abilities to function rather than
relying solely on logic
 Knowing how and why vs. Knowing what
 Knowing how to motivate separate individuals as opposed to treating everyone
the same way
 Understanding and controlling your emotions to use them for something vs.
Letting your emotions control you because you do not know how to deal with them.

The Components of EQ
Emotional intelligence is measured using 5-major components and 15-subcomponents:
1. Intrapersonal Skills (ability to understand and apply personal emotions)

* Self Regard (ability to accept oneself as basically good)

* Emotional Self Awareness (ability to recognize one's own feelings, which allows us

to manage them and make better decisions. It is important to be positive even when
challenged because it results in more focused thinking)

* Assertiveness (ability to express feelings, beliefs, and thoughts withoutbecoming

antagonistic and uncooperative towards others)

* Independence (ability to be self-directed and self-controlled in ones thinking and

actions and to be free of emotional dependency)

* Self Actualization (ability to realizes one's potential)

2. Interpersonal Skills (people skills)

* Empathy (understanding the feelings of others, which enables us to respond

appropriately to changes in the emotional climate of others; Significant others, take
note)

* Social Responsibility (being a cooperative, contributing, and constructive member of

various social groups)

* Interpersonal Relationships (ability to establish and maintain mutually beneficial

relationships noted for their intimacy and by the giving & receiving of affection, whether
it be as a lover, friend, family member, or loyal employee)

3. Stress Management (ability to handle challenges)

* Stress Tolerance (Ability to handle difficult situations without ‘falling apart')

* Impulse Control (ability to resist or delay an impulse, drive, or temptation to act;

controlling the need for "instant gratification")

4. Adaptability (Ability to react quickly, appropriately, and efficiently to change)

* Reality Testing (ability to assess the correspondence between what is experienced

and what objectively exists; knowing what you want to do vs. what you actually can do)

* Flexibility (ability to adjust one's emotions, thoughts, and behaviors to changing

situations and conditions)

* Problem Solving (ability to identify and define problems as well as to generate and

implement potentially effective solutions)

5. General Mood

* Optimism

* Happiness
How can EQ Help?

To be successful and survive in today's society, individuals need to have the necessary
communication and organizational skills to make sound decisions and interact with each
other. Goleman argues that an individual's success at work is 80 percent dependent on
emotional quotient and only 20 percent dependent on intelligence quotient. This is
because EQ components are useful in assisting employees with decision-making in
areas like teamwork, inclusion, productivity, and communication.
Furthermore, good listening habits and skills are integral components of EQ, and carry
the elements of self-awareness and control, empathy and social expertness. When a
manager at AT&T Bell Labs was asked to rank his top performing engineers, high IQ
was not the deciding factor, but instead how the person performed regarding the
answering of e-mails, how good they were at collaborating and networking with
colleagues, and their popularity with others in order to achieve the cooperation required
to attain the goals. This is just one example of the benefits of high EQ regarding
communication skills, time management, teamwork, leadership skills and business
acumen. After all, we've often heard of the "genius" with no personality, and the brilliant
surgeon with a horrible bed-side manner.
The component of IQ:

The IQ, or Intelligence Quotient, test measures different components of intelligence.

Those who score high on the test, considered gifted intellectually, fall on the right of the
curve. Those who fall on the left are the less intellectually gifted. The average score is
100. People who score 140 or more are considered genius. People who score 90 or
below are considered impaired intellectually.

1.Verbal Intelligence -Verbal intelligence is one main component of the IQ test. It tests
verbal abilities, your ability to use verbal skills in problem-solving and your capacity to
learn verbal material. This part of the test includes questions that involve analogies,
verbal puzzles, synonyms and antonyms.

2.Mathematical Ability- Mathematical ability is measured by the IQ test. It tests your

ability to perform mathematical computations, manipulate problems and equations and
understand geometric shapes. Problems included in this section include math puzzles
and questions where you fill in missing numbers.

3.Spatial Reasoning- The IQ tests spatial reasoning abilities. This involves the
visualization of objects in space. The IQ test measures your ability to move 3D objects
by rotating them and tossing them. The spatial reasoning part of the IQ test involves
object assembly and picture completion.

4.Visual Intelligence- Visual intelligence measures the ability to obtain information from
visual material. If you score highly in visual intelligence, it means that you comprehend
information well and are able to convey it easily to others. The visual intelligence
component of the IQ test includes problems such as picking identical things from a
collection of objects and putting separate pieces of information together.

5.Classification Skills- The classification skills component of the IQ test measures

your ability to put items together based on a set criteria. It measures whether you can
understand the relationships between the items. In this section, you will need to make
sense of data and how it should be pieced together.

6.Pattern Recognition-Pattern recognition skills on the IQ test has the

highest relationship to general intelligence. This component of the test measures the
ability to recognize patterns in a chaotic environment. In this section, you will need to
find patterns in images, words and symbols.

7.Logical Thinking-Logical thinking measures the ability to process information and

extract deductions. You will be faced with lateral thinking puzzles. Cause-and-effect
relationships are easy for logical thinkers.
 EQ Vs. IQ

The concept of IQ is measured as a ratio. It measures the mathematical and logical

powers of an individual. However, EQ measures the emotional quotient of an individual.
It measures the ability of an individual to use his cognitive and emotional intelligence to
get success in life-both personally and professionally. It measures concepts like
intuition, empathy, stress management capacities, resilience and integrity. In an EQ
test, the questions relate to emotions and different situations, not on logic and reasoning
as in an IQ test.

It is said that while IQ ensures your success in school, EQ ensures your success in life.
It works in this way. Suppose you find out about a problem at your office. You know the
facts and the reason behind the failure. That is your IQ. When you use these to motivate
your employees, that’s your EQ. If you know the facts, but are unable to empathize with
your employees, berate and de motivate them, you have a low EQ. When you try to
convince someone by facts alone, it shows your IQ, but when you appeal to his
emotions and reason together with the use of facts, that’s your EQ!

So far as the technicalities are concerned, the results of an IQ test and an EQ test may
be very different. For instance, children with autism tend to have a high IQ, but they
usually have a low EQ count.

Our minds are obviously the control center of our lives and the ultimate determinants of
what happens to us in life. Throughout our lives we all come in touch with people who
have high IQs yet seem to do poorly in life. I was lucky early in my career to be
introduced to a concept that helps explain this seeming contradiction. It is the difference
between IQ [ intelligenced quotient] and EQ [emotional intelligence]. IQ is determined by
an aptitude test that one takes in a controlled and protected environment such as a
class room. EQ or emotional intelligence is what comes through in real life situations
where we are facing the realities and pressures of life - it is applied judgement. "EQ can
be defined as the intelligence that comes through after being strained through your
emotions. Emotions can almost completely negate IQ. A good example of this is when
we get angry and it consumes us to the point where we can't think. One advantage that
Muhammad Ali gave himself over his opponents was his ability to "psych" them [gain
emotional dominance over them] by making them mad- "never lose your head in the
ring." Many of the "psychological games" which are used by "social deviants" as
discussed on the main forum have the goal of angering the person that they want to
exploit. This is where NERVE FORCE comes in. NERVE FORCE gives us the ability to
control not only our minds and our muscles,but our emotions as well. It coordinates all
three parts of "the self" and gives us the ability to direct that full force toward our goal
whatever it maybe. Astute observers and trainers of human potential through the ages
have recognized this power dating back thousnds of years. The thing that makes the
training techniques of Transformetrics so superior is that it develops NERVE FORCE
and gives you strength that you can apply in every part of your life from moving furniture
to dealing with a stressful business situation. It develops EQ.

IQ and EQ are both measures of intelligence. IQ, which stands for intelligence quotient,
measures your cognitive and analytical-logical abilities. EQ, which stands for emotional
quotient, is a measure of your emotional intelligence. Specifically, EQ measures how
you view yourself and how you relate to those around you.

The study of Emotional Quotient is very recent. The concept of emotional intelligence
only appeared on psychology lexicons in the early 1980s. The study of IQ, however,
stretches for more than a century already. In fact, the standardization of IQ tests has
been created since early 20th century.

The Measure of Emotional Quotient

Emotional Quotient measures your skills to use your cognition and your emotion in
solving problems that confront you. Essentially, EQ has concrete practical applications
because it takes into consideration your human reactions and your practical problem
solving skills.

When determining your EQ, psychologists will try to test your capabilities related to
everyday stress management. Your creativeness and ability to lead other people are
also measured in EQ tests. If you have high Emotional Quotient, your intrapersonal as
well as interpersonal relationships are superior.

The IQ Factor

IQ tests are designed to specifically determine how you think and how you apply your
learning to manipulate your environment. IQ also dwells on your mental aptitude to
handle and understand abstractions and how to create a logical reason for them. That is
why when you take an IQ test, you will have to answer several questions on numerical
aptitude, vocabulary, reasoning, and abstractions.
The Main Differences of EQ and IQ

Some experts believe that you need to have a high Intelligence Quotient so you can
succeed in your academic activities. However, you will need an equal amount of
Emotional Intelligence so you can succeed in life.

Your IQ and EQ levels can also manifest in the way you handle people relationships.
High IQ individuals will use logic and facts in order to convince people. Those with
superior EQ will appeal to emotions and use reasoning to convince or persuade others.

The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Individuals

It is not surprising to see that high IQ individuals tend to rely solely on cognition to
resolve life's practical problems. On the other hand, those with higher EQ will use
cognition as well as emotions to approach life's problems.

Advocates for emotional intelligence contend that high IQ alone is not enough to
guarantee success in life. Some individuals who have superior IQ lack the necessary
people skills. This makes their intelligence ineffective.

Conversely, average persons with average IQ but with high EQ are more likely to
succeed. That's because they will have the capability to lead others and have a
harmonious relationship with those around them.

On the other hand, individuals cannot possibly improve their EQ level if they have
borderline or below borderline IQ. That's because cognition and analytical skills are still
needed to develop people skills.

If you have enough ability to learn, then you are better equipped to improve your
emotional intelligence. You need to have good IQ and high EQ levels so you can cope
well with everyday problems you encounter.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

There is always a sense of gratitude which one expresses to other for

helpful and needy services which they render during all phases of life. I
would like to do the same and express my sincere gratitude to all those
who helped me to get this thesis done.

My earnest thanks to Prof. Saurabh Jain for his valuable guidance and
support in giving me a free hand during the course of the work. I owe him
an enormous intellectual debt.

I am deeply indebted to Swami (Dr). Parthasarathy, Rev.CMD & MD, Sri

SIIM for his immense support in the making of this thesis.

Last but not the least, I am thankful to my parents, family members and
friends for supporting me morally and making me realize my strengths
while overcoming my weaknesses.
 Sri Sharada Institute Of Indian Management - Research
(A unit of Sri Sringeri Sharada Peetham, Sringeri)

Approved by AICTE

Plot No. 7, Phase-II, Institutional Area, Behind the Grand Hotel, Vasant Kunj,

New Delhi – 110070

Tel.: 2612409090 / 91; Fax: 26124092

E-mail: administration@srisim.org; Website: www.srisim.org

Project On

Emotional Quotient vs. Intelligence Ouotient

A report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the two-year
full time Post Graduate Diploma in Business Management.

Submitted to- Submitted By-

Prof. Saurabh Jain Dhwaj Kumar Jha

Gaurav Kumar

Manisha Sharma

Ritu Rani

Romi Rathi
 Neeraj Hotwani

Section- A

CONCLUSION

If IQ defines how smart you are, EQ determines how you use that blessing. Individuals
with high EQ's are better equipped to make use of their cognitive abilities. They are
often chosen for advancement in their professions or volunteer experiences because
they possess the ability to inspire people to action and to make others feel more
confident. People with high IQ's but low EQ's sometimes sabotage themselves because
they are unable to relate to their peers, cannot handle stress constructively, and find
emotional connections difficult to maintain. Developing your EQ can help you access
your innate intelligence and amplify your empathy, which can lead to career
advancement and better relationships. Practice embracing your uniqueness and the
uniqueness of others, expressing your feelings and interpreting those of your friends
and family, and being decisive - all of which can help boost your EQ. 

Experts say that a heightened EQ can bring happiness because it lets you focus on
feelings as well as facts, whereas the IQ is concerned with logic. A strong EQ also
makes you more able to access the benefits of your IQ because it takes both to build a
successful career, strong relationships, and a fulfilling life.
 BIBILIOGRAPHY

1. www.google.com
2. www.wikipedia.com
3. www.docshare.com