ALP For 8051

Connexions module: m32822 1
∗
Microcontroller(8051) Lab
Rajeshwari Hegde
This work is produced by The Connexions Project and licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License †
The 8051 Architecture

The 8051 architecture consists of the following features.
• Eight bit CPU with registers A(the accumulator) and B.

• Sisteen bit program counter (PC) and Data pointer (DPTR)
• Eight bit Program status word (PSW)
• Eight bit Stack Pointer (SP)
• Internal ROM or EPROM (8751) of 0(8031) to 4kbytes(8051)
• Internal RAM of 128 bytes:
· Four register banks each containing 8 registers.
· Sixteen bytes, bit addressable.
· Eighty bytes of general purpose Data memory.
• Thirty two I/O pins arranged as four 8-bit ports:P0-P3.

• Two 16-bit Timer/counters: T0 & T1.
• Full Duplex serial data receiver/transmitter :SBUF.
• Control registers :TCON, TMOD, SCON, PCON, IP, IE.
• Two external and three internal interrupt sources.
• Oscillator and clock circuits.
∗ Version 1.1: Nov 14, 2009 1:07 am US/Central

† http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
http://cnx.org/content/m32822/1.1/
1 Table 1: Register Addresses and functions
Register Address Function

P0 80h* Port0
SP 81h Stack pointer
DPL 82h Data pointer(low)
DPH 83h Data Pointer(high)
TCON 88h* Timer Control Register
TMOD 89h Timer Mode Register
TL0 8Ah Timer 0 (low byte)
TL1 8Bh Timer 1 (low byte)
TH0 8Ch Timer 0 (high byte)
TH1 8Dh Timer 1 (high byte)
P1 90h* Port 1
SCON 98h* Serial control Register
SBUF 99h Serial Buer Register
P2 0A0h* Port 2
IE 0A8h* Interrupt Enable Register
P3 0B0h* Port 3
IP 0B8h* Interrupt Priority Register
PSW 0D0h* Program Status Word
ACC 0E0h* Accumulator
B 0F0h*
Table 1
• - Bit Addressable
Table 3: Byte & Bit Addresses for 8051 Hardware Register
Byte Address BITaddress Register

F0h F7 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 F0 B
E0h E7 E6 E5 E4 E3 E2 E1 E0 ACC
D0h D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 PSW
B8h BC BB BA B9 B8 IP
B0h B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 P3
A8h AF AC AB AA A9 A8 IE
A0h A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 P2
98h 9F 9E 9D 9C 9B 9A 99 98 SCON
90h 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 P1
88h 8F 8E 8D 8C 8B 8A 89 88 TCON
80h 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 P0
Table 2
Table 4
EA ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0

Bit Symbol Function
7 EA Interrupt Enable bit
6 Not implemented
5 ET2 Reserved for future use
4 ES Enable serial port interrupt
3 ET1 Enable timer1 overow interrupt
2 EX1 Enable external
1 ET0 Enable Timer 0 overow interrupt
0 EX0 Enable External interrupt 0
Table 3
1.Program to add two multibyte numbers.

mov r4,#0h ;move 00 to r4
mov r3,#0h ;move 00 to r3
mov dptr,#9000h ; Load 9000h into dptr register
movx a,@dptr ;move the data from memory location to a register
mov r0,a ;move the data from a to r0
inc dptr ;increment dptr
movx a,@dptr ;move the data from memory location to a
mov r1,a ;move the data from a register to r1
movx a,@dptr ;move the data from memory to a
mov r2,a ;move the data form a to r2

movx a,@dptr ; move the data from memory location to a register
clr c ;clear carry bit
add a,r1 ;add a and r1
jnc res ;if no carry, jump to label res
mov r3,a ;move data from a to r3
mov a,r0 ;move data from r0 to a
addc a,r2 ; add with carry and r2
jnc end1 ;if no carry, jump to label end1
inc r4 ;increment r4
ajmp end1 ;jump to label end1
res:mov r3,a ; move data from a to r3
mov a,r0 ; move data from r0 to a
jnc end1 ; if no carry, jump to label end1
end1:mov r5,a ;move data from a to r5
mov dptr,#900ah ;load 9000h into dptr register
movx @dptr,a ;move data from a to memory location
movx @dptr,a ; move data from a to memory location
inc dptr ; increment dptr
movx @dptr,a ; move data from a to memory location
here:sjmp here
end
Input Location:9000h,9001h,9002h,9003h
Output Location:900ah
Input Data: 1111 1111(hex)
Output : 2222h
2 nd method
mov r1,#0h ;load r1 with immediate data
mov r2,#0h ; load r1 with immediate data
clr c ;Clear carry bit
mov 31h,a ;move data from a to internal RAM location 31h
addc a,r3 ;add with carry a and r3
mov 32h,a ; move data from a to internal RAM location 32h
mov a,#00 ;Clear a register
addc a,#00 ;add with carry and 0
mov 33h,a ; move data from a to internal RAM location 33h
here:sjmp here
end
2. Program to convert a BCD number to ASCII
To convert packed BCD to ASCII, it must rst be converted to to unpacked BCD. Then the unpacked
BCD is tagged with 30h.
mov dptr,#9000h ;Load 9000h into dptr register
movx a,@dptr ;Move the content of location 9000h to a
mov r2,a ;Move the data from a to r2
anl a,#0f0h ;And a with 0f0h
swap a ;Swap a
orl a,#30h ;Or a with 30h
movx @dptr,a ;move the data from a to memory location
mov a,r2 ; Move the data from r2 to a
anl a,#0fh ; And a with 0fh
orl a,#30h ;Or a with 30h
movx @dptr,a ;move the data from a to memory location
here:sjmp here
end
Input: 45
Output:34 35
3;ASCII to BCD conversion
To convert ASCII to packed BCD, it is rst converted to unpacked BCD(to mask 3) and
then combined to make packed BCD. For example, for 4 and 5 the keyboard gives 34 and
35, respectively. The goal is to produce 45h, which is packed BCD.
;ASCII to packed BCD conversion
mov r0,#10h ;R0=10h,Internal memory adress
mov a,@r0 ;a=hex value of Ist ASCII number
anl a,#0fh ;mask upper nibble
swap a ;swap upper and lower nibble of a
mov b,a ;save the number in B
inc r0 ;Increment R0
mov a,@r0 ;Get the next number from memory
anl a,#0fh ;Mask Higher nibble
orl a,b ;Or a & B
inc r0 ;Increment memory address to store the result
mov @r0,a ;Move the content of A to internal RAM location
here:sjmp here
end
Input:35
Output:
4. Program to nd the average of 10 numbers
clr a ;Clear a register
mov 0f0h,a ;move data from a to b
mov r1,#05h ;move 05 to r1 register
up: movx a,@dptr ; ;move data from external memory location to a
add a,0f0h ;add a and b
mov 0f0h,a ;move the result to b
dec r1 ;decrement r1
cjne r1,#00h,up ;compare r1 with 0, if not equal, jump to label up
mov a,0f0h ;move data from b to a
mov 0f0h,#05h ;move 05h to b

div ab ;divide a by b
movx @dptr,a ;move data from a to external memory location
mov a,0f0h ;move data from b to a
here:sjmp here
end
5. To transfer a block of data from one memory location to another.
mov r2,#0ah ;Load r2 with immediate data 05h
mov r0,#0a0h ;Load r0 with immediate data 0a0h
mov r1,#00h ;Load r1 with immediate data 00h
mov a,#0h ; Load a with immediate data 00h
up:movx a,@dptr ;move data from external memory to a
push dph ;push dph on the stack
push dpl ;push dpl on the stack
mov dph,r0 ;move data from r0 to dph
mov dpl,r1 ;move data from r1 t dpl
pop dpl ;pop dpl from the stack
pop dph ;pop dph from the stack
cjne r2,#00,up ;compare r2 with 0, if not equal, jump to label up
here:sjmp here
end
Output:
I block:9000h: 01 02 03 04 05
II block:a000h:01 02 03 04 05( after block transfer)
6. Program to convert a decimal number to hex number
movx a,@dptr ; move data from external memory location to a
mov r2,a ;move data from r2 to a
subb a,#0ah ;subtract with borrow, 0ah from a
jc over ;if carry, jump to label over
anl a,#0f0h ;and a with 0f0h
swap a ;swap a
mov b,#0ah ;move 0ah to b
mul ab ;multiply and b
anl a,#0fh ;move 0fh to a
movx @dptr,a ; move data from a to external memory location
sjmp here
over:mov a,r2 ;move data from r2 to a

here:sjmp here
end
Input:99
Output:63
7. Program to generate Fibonacci series
mov r1,#0ah ;Load r1 with immediate data 0ah
mov dptr,#9000h ;load 9000h into dptr register
back:mov r2,a ;move data from a to r2
mov r0,a ; move data from a to r0
djnz r1,back ;decrement r1, if not 0, jump to label back
here:sjmp here
end
Output:00 01 01 02 03 05 08 0bh, 15h, 22h
8.Program to nd the GCF of two numbers
mov b,a ; move data from a to b
back:mov r1,b ;move data from b to r1
mov a,b ;move data from b to a
jz mess ;if a=0, jump to label mess
jmp back ;jump to label back
mess:mov dptr,#9005h ;Load dptr with immediate data 9005h
here:sjmp here
end
Input: 05 02
Output:01
9.Program to convert hex number to ASCII number
mov dptr,#9000h ; Load dptr with immediate data 9005h
movx a,@dptr ; Load dptr with immediate data 9005h
subb a,#0ah ;subtract with borrow, 0ah from
jc down ;if carry, jump to label down

add a,#07h ;add 07 to a
down:add a,#30h ;add 30h to a
here:sjmp here
end
Input:45
Output:34 35
10. Program to convert an 8bit Hex number to decimal number
movx a,@dptr ;move data from external memory location to a
jc over ;if carry, jump to label over
subb a,#064h ;subtract with borrow, 64h from a
jc d1 ; if carry, jump to label d1
mov b,#64h ;move immediate data 64h to b
movx @dptr,a ; move data from external memory location to a
clr c ; clear carry bit
jc d2 ;if carry, jump to label d2
mov b,#0ah ;Load b with immediate data 0ah
sjmp end1
d2:mov a,r3 ;move data from r3 to a
sjmp end1
d1:mov a,r2 ;move data from r2 to a
mov b,#0ah ;load b with immediate data 0ah
inc dptr ; increment dptr
sjmp end1
over:mov a,r2 ;move data from r2 to a

here:sjmp here
end1:sjmp end1
end
Input: 0h
Output:02 05 05
11. Program to interchange two blocks of data
mov r0,#04h ;Move immediate data 04 to r0
mov r1,#90h ;move immediate data 90h to r1
mov r2,#91h ;move immediate data 91h to r2
back:movx a,@dptr ;move data from external memory location to a
movx @dptr,a ;move data from external memory location to a
djnz r0,back ;decrement r0, if not equal to 0, jump to label back
here:sjmp here
end
12. Program to nd the LCM of two numbers
mov dptr,#9000h ;Load dptr with immediate data 9000h
mov b,r0 ;move data from r0 to b
l2:push 0e0h ;push a onto the stack
mov r1,b ;move data from b to r1
cjne r1,#00,l1 ;compare r1 with 0, if not equal, jump to label l1
pop 0e0h ;pop a from satck
sjmp here
l1:pop 0e0h ;pop a from stack
sjmp l2
here:sjmp here
end
Input: 05 02
Output:0ah
13. Program to multiply 16 bit number by 8 bit number

mov r0,#11h ;load r0 with immediate data 11h
mov dptr,#9000h ;Load dptr with 9000h
movx @dptr,a ; move data from external memory location to a
mov r0,b ;move data from b to r0
here:sjmp here
end
Input: 1122, 33
Output:369c6h
14. Program to search an element in an array
mov r0,#05h ;Load r0 with immediate data 05h
clr a ;clear a
mov dptr,#9000h ;load dptr with address 9000h
mov r1,#0ah ;load r1 with immediate data 0ah
l1:mov a,#0h ;load a with 00
movc a,@a+dptr ;move data from code memory location to a
cjne r2,#05h,l2 ;compare r2 with 05h, if not equal, jump to label l2
mov dptr,#900ah ;load dptr with immediate data 900ah
mov a,#0h ;laod a with immediate data 0h
sjmp here
l2:cjne r1,#0h,l1 ; compare r1 with 0, if not equal, jump to label l1
mov dptr,#900ah ;load dptr with 900ah
mov a,#0h ;load a with 00h
here:sjmp here
end
Input:05,
9000h: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0a
Output:0
15. Program to sort an array of 10 elements
mov r3,#0ah ;load r3 with immediate data 0ah
start:mov a,r3 ;move data from r3 to a

mov dptr,#9000h ;Load dptr with address 9000h
l1:movx a,@dptr ;move data from external memory location to a
subb a,r1 ;subtract with borrow, r1 from a
jnc next ;if no carry, jump to label next
dec dpl ;decrement dpl
next:djnz r0,l1 ;decrement r0, if not equal to 0, jump to label next
djnz r3,start ;decrement r3, if not equal to 0, jump to label start
here:sjmp here
end
16. Program to divide an 8 bit no by another 8 bit number
mov a,@r0 ;load a with data from internal RAM location(dividend)
mov b,@r0 ;move data from internal RAM location to b(divisor)
mov @r0,a ;load internal RAM location with data from a
inc r0 ; increment r0
mov @r0,b ;move data from b to internal RAM location
here:sjmp here
end
17. Program to count number of 1's in a given data byte
mov dptr,#9000h ;Load dptr with 9000h
mov r0,#0h ;load r0 with 0
mov r1,#8h ;load r1 with 8
up:rlc a ;rotate a left through carry
jnc next ;if no carry, jump to label next
next:djnz r1,up ;decrement r1, and jump to label next, if r16=0
here:sjmp here
end
18. Program to nd largest of n numbers
mov r0,#10h ;move immediate data 10h to r0.

mov a,@r0 ;move data from internal RAM location to a
mov a,@r0 ;move data from internal RAM location to a
l2:push 0e0h ;save the content of a on stack
subb a,@r0 ;subtract content of internal RAM location from a
jnc down ;if no carry, jump to label down
mov a,@r0 ; move data from internal RAM location to a
sjmp d1 ;jump to location d1
down:pop 0e0h ;pop a from stack
d1:djnz r2,l2 ;decrement r2, if not zero, jump to location l2
mov @r0,a ;move data from a to internal RAM location
here:sjmp here
end
19. Program to convert ASCII to hex
ASCII codes 30 to 39 represent 0 to 9 in binary and 41 to 46 represent A to F. Therefore
if the ASCII code is between 30-39h then 30h is subtracted from the code. If the number
lies between A to F then 37h is subtracted from the code to get its binary equivalent
mov dptr, #9000h ;load dptr with address 9000h
subb a,#40h ;subtract 40h from a
jc l2 ;jump to location l2, if carry
sjmp here ;jump to location here
l2:mov a,r1 ;move data from r1 to a
here:inc dptr ;increment dptr
rep:sjmp rep
end
20. Program to check whether a 4th bit of a byte is 1, Store FFh if 1, else store 00 in
the same location
mov dptr,#9000h
jnb 0e3h,down ;jump to location down, if 4th bit of a is set
mov a,#0h ;move 0h to a
sjmp last ;jump to location last
down:mov a,#0h ;move 00 to a
last:sjmp last
end
21. Program to add two BCD numbers
mov dptr,#9000h ;move dptr with 9000h
mov b,a ;move data from a to b
add a,b ;add a and b
da a ;decimal adjust accumulator after addition
jc down ;if carry, jump to label down
sjmp last ;jump to label last
down:mov r2,a ;move data from a to r2
mov a,#01h ;move data 01h to a
movx @dptr,a ;move data from external memory location to a
last:sjmp last
end
22.Program to nd the square of an 8 bit number
mov dptr,#9000h ;load dptr with 9000h
mov b,a ;move data from a to b
here:sjmp here
end
23. Program to count from 0-9
here:mov a,#0h ;move 0 to a
up:mov p0,a ;move data from a to port0
acall delay ;call delay routine
add a,#01 ;increment a
cjne a,#010,up ;compare a with 10, if not equal, jump to location up
;delay routine
delay:mov r1,#0h ;move 0h to r1
l3:mov r2,#0h ;move 0h to r2
l1:djnz r1,l1 ;decrement r1, repeat till r1=0
djnz r3,l2 ;decrement r3,repeat l2 till r3=0
djnz r2,l3 ;decrement r2, repeat l3 till r2=0
ret ;return
end
24. Program to implement BCD counter to count from 0-99

here:mov a,#0h ;move 0 to a
up:mov p0,a ;move data fr
acall delay ;call delay program
inc a ;increment a
cjne a,#100,up ;compare a with 100, if not equal, jump to location up
delay routine
l1:djnz r1,l1 ;decrement r1, repeat till r1=0
djnz r3,l2 ;decrement r3,repeat l2 till r3=0
djnz r2,l3 ;decrement r2, repeat l3 till r2=0
ret ;return
end
25;Program to implement BCD counter to count from 99-0
here:mov b,#99h ;move 99h to b
up:mov a,b ;move data from b to a
add a,#99h ;add 99h to a
mov b,a ;move data from b to a
mov p0,a ;move data from a to p0
cjne a,#0h,up ;compare a with 0h, if not equal , jump to location up
delay routine:
l1:djnz r3,l1 ;decrement r3, jump if not equal to 0 to l1
djnz r2,l2 ;decrement r2, jump if not equal to 0 to l2
djnz r1,l3 ; decrement r1, jump if not equal to 0 to l3
ret
end
26. Program to generate 50msec delay
mov tmod,#01 ;select timer 0
here:mov tl0,#0fdh ;load tl0 with 0fdh
mov th0,#4bh ;load th0 with 4bh
cpl p1.5 ;compliment p1.5
sjmp here ;jump to here
delay:mov r1,#0c8h ;load r1 with data 0c8h
l1:setb tr0 ;set bit tr0
again:jnb tf0,again ;repeat till tf0=0
clr tr0 ;clear tr0
clr tf0 ;clear tf0
djnz r1,l1 ;decrement r1, jump to l1, if not equal to 0
ret
end
Part B: Interfacing programs
1.Write a C program to display the code of the key pressed
#include <REG51xD2.H>
#include "lcd.h"
unsigned char getkey();
void delay(unsigned int);
main()
{
unsigned char key;
InitLcd(); /* Initialise LCD */
WriteString("Key Pressed="); /* Display msg on LCD */
while(1)
{
GotoXY(12,0); /* Set Cursor Position */
key = getkey(); /* Call Getkey method */
}
}
unsigned char getkey()
{
unsigned char i,j,k,indx,t;
P0=0x0;
P1=0x0;
P2 = 0x00; /* P2 as Output port */
indx = 0x00; /* Index for storing the rst value of
scanline */
for(i=0x00E;i>=0x00B;i=1) /* for 4 scanlines */
{
P2 = i; /* write data to scanline */
t = P0; /* Read readlines connected to P0*/
t = ∼t;
if(t>0) /* If key press is true */
{
delay(6000); /* Delay for bouncing */
for(j=0;j<=7;j++) /* Check for 8 lines */
{
t =1;
if(t==0) /* if get pressed key*/
{
k = indx+j; /* Display that by converting to Ascii */
t = k4;
t +=0x30;
WriteChar(t); /* Write upper nibble */
t = k & 0x0f;
if(t > 9)
t+=0x37;
else
t+=0x30;
WriteChar(t); /* write lower nibble */
return(indx+j); /* Return index of the key pressed */
}
}
}
indx += 8; /* If no key pressed increment index */
}
}
void delay(unsigned int x) /* Delay routine */
{
for(;x>0;x);
}
2.Elevator Interface
#include <REG51F.H>
void delay(unsigned int);
main()
{
unsigned char Flr[9] = {0x,0x00,0x03,0x,0x06,0x,0x,0x,0x09};
unsigned char FClr[9] = {0x,0x0E0,0x0D3,0x,0x0B6,0x,0x,0x,0x79};
unsigned char ReqFlr,CurFlr = 0x01,i,j;
P0 = 0x00;
P0 = 0x0f0;
while(1)
{
P1 = 0x0f;
ReqFlr = P1 | 0x0f0;
while(ReqFlr == 0x0)
ReqFlr = P1 | 0x0f0; /* Read Request Floor from P1 */
ReqFlr = ∼ReqFlr;
if(CurFlr == ReqFlr) /* If Request oor is equal to Current Floor */
{
P0 = FClr[CurFlr]; /* Clear Floor Indicator */
continue; /* Go up to read again */
}
else if(CurFlr > ReqFlr) /* If Current oor is > request oor */
{
i = Flr[CurFlr] - Flr[ReqFlr]; /* Get the no of oors to travel */
j = Flr[CurFlr];
for(;i>0;i) /* Move the indicator down */
{
P0 = 0x0f0|j;
j;
delay(25000);
}
}
else /* If Current oor is < request oor */
{
i = Flr[ReqFlr] - Flr[CurFlr]; /* Get the no of oors to travel */
j = Flr[CurFlr];
for(;i>0;i) /* Move the indicator Up */
{
P0 = 0x0f0 | j;
j++;
delay(25000);
}
}
CurFlr = ReqFlr; /* Update Current oor */
P0 = FClr[CurFlr]; /* Clear the indicator */
}
}
void delay(unsigned int x)
{
for(;x>0;x);
}
3.Stepper motor interface
static bit Dir=0;
void delay(unsigned int x) /* Delay Routine */
{
for(;x>0;x);
}
void ChangeDir(void) interrupt 0 /* Int Vector at 000BH, Reg Bank 1 */
{
Dir = ∼Dir; /* Complement the Direction ag */
ClrLcd();
if(Dir)
delay(32000);
else
delay(32000);
}
main()
{
unsigned char Val,i;
EA=0x1; /* Enable Interrupt ag and Interrupt 0 & Serial Interrupt */
EX0=0x1;
ES=0x1;
P0=0x00; /*since the monitor is using the serial interrupt it has to be enabled*/
while(1)
{
if(Dir) /* If Dir Clockwise */
{
Val = 0x88;
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
P0 = Val; /* Write data for clock wise direction*/
Val = Val1;
delay(575);
}
}
else /* AntiClockwise Direction */
{
Val = 0x11;
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
P0 = Val; /* Write data for anticlock wise direction*/
Val = Val1;
delay(575);
}
}
}
}
4. Seven segment display
#include<stdio.h>
#include <REG51.H>
void delay(int g);
int port[20] = {0x,0x,0x,0x,
0xc6,0x86,0xc7,0x86,
0xbf,0xc0,0xde,0x87,
0xbf,0x92,0x91,0x92,
0x92,0xc8,0x86,0x87},i;
void main(){
int d,b,j,k,s;
while(1){
i=0;
for(d=0;d<5;d++)
{
for(b=0;b<4;b++)
{
k=port[i++];
for(j=0;j<8;j++){
s=k;
s=s&0x80;
if(s==0x00)
P1= 0x00;
else
P1=0x1;
P2 = 0x1;
P2=0x00;
s=k;
s=s1;
k=s;
}
}
delay(10000);
delay(10000);
}
}
}
void delay(int g)
{
int h;
for(h=0;h<=g;g++)
{
;
}
}
6. Dual DAC, square wave

#include "lcd.h"
sbit Amp = P3^3; /* Port line to change amplitude */
sbit Fre = P3^2; /* Port line to change frequency */
void delay(unsigned int x) /* delay routine */
{
for(;x>0;x);
}
main()
{
unsigned char on = 0x7f,o=0x00;
unsigned int fre = 100;
InitLcd(); /* Initialize LCD */
WriteString("Squarewave"); /* Write to LCD */
while(1)
{
if(!Amp) /* if user choice is to change amplitude */
{
while(!Amp); /* wait for key release */
on+=0x08; /* Increase the amplitude */
}
if(!Fre) /* if user choice is to change frequency */
{
if(fre > 1000) /* if frequency exceeds 1000 reset to default */
fre = 100;
while(!Fre); /* wait for key release */
fre += 50; /* Increase the frequency */
}
P0=on; /* write amplitude to port */
P1=on;
delay(fre);
P0 = o; /* clear port */
P1 = o;
delay(fre);
}
}
7. Dual DAC, triangle wave
#include "lcd.h"
main()
{
unsigned char i=0;
InitLcd(); /* Initialise LCD */
WriteString("Triangular Wave"); /* Display on LCD */
while(1)
{
for(i=0;i<0x;i++){ /* Generate ON pulse */
P1 = i;
P0 = i; }
for(i=0xfe;i>0x00;i) /* Generate OFF pulse */

{P0 = i;
P1 = i;}
}
}
8. Dual DAC, RAMP wave
main()
{
unsigned char i=0;
while(1)
{
for(i=0;i<0x;i++)
{
P1 = i;
P0 = i;
}
P0 = 0;
P1 =0;
}
}
Microcontroller Lab Question Bank
1. Write an ALP to add, subtract, multiply and divide 2 8 bit numbers

2. Write an ALP to transfer a block of data from one location to another location
3. Write an ALP to exchange two blocks of data stored in memory.
4. Write an ALP to add/subtract 2 16 bit numbers
5. Write a program to add two BCD numbers
6. Write a program to count the number of 1's in a given data byte.
7. Write a program to check whether the 4th bit of a byte is 0. Store FF if it 1.Else
store 00 in the same location
1. Write an ALP to multiply a 16 bit number by an 8 bit number

2. Write a programto nd the average of 10 numbers
3. Write an ALP to nd the square of a given number
4. Write an ALP to nd the cube of a given number
5. Write an ALP to arrange a set of data in ascending/descending order
6. Write a program to nd the GCF of two numbers
7. Write a program to generate Fibonacci series.
8. Write a program to nd LCM of two numbers
9. Write a program to search an element in an array of N numbers
10. Write an ALP to nd the largest of N numbers.
11. Write an ALP to implement BCD counter to count from 0-9
12. Write a program to implement BCD counter to count from 9-0
15. Write a program to to convert a hexadecimal number to ASCII number
16. Write a program to convert hexadecimal number to a decimal number.
17. Write a program to convert an ASCII number to hexadecimal number
18. Write a program to convert a BCD to ASCII number.
19. Write a program to convert an ASCII number to BCD number

20. Write a program to generate a delay of 50ms.
21. Write a C program to interface Alphanumeric LCD panel and Hex keypad input to 8051
22. Write a program to generate Square wave using DAC interface to 8051.
23. Write a program to generate Triangular wave using DAC interface to 8051.
24. Write a program to generate Ramp wave using DAC interface to 8051.
25. Write a program to generate Sine wave using DAC interface to 8051.
26. Write a C program to rotate Stepper motor in clockwise direction.
27. Write a C program to rotate stepper motor in anticlockwise direction.
28. Write a C program to interface Elevator to 8051.
29. Write a C program to display a string on seven segment display interface

ALP For 8051

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ALP For 8051

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Connexions module: m32822 1

The 8051 Architecture

• Eight bit CPU with registers A(the accumulator) and B.

• Thirty two I/O pins arranged as four 8-bit ports:P0-P3.

∗ Version 1.1: Nov 14, 2009 1:07 am US/Central

1 Table 1: Register Addresses and functions

Register Address Function

Byte Address BITaddress Register

EA  ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0

1.Program to add two multibyte numbers.

inc dptr ;increment dptr

mov 0f0h,#05h ;move 05h to b

over:mov a,r2 ;move data from r2 to a

jc down ;if carry, jump to label down

over:mov a,r2 ;move data from r2 to a

13. Program to multiply 16 bit number by 8 bit number

start:mov a,r3 ;move data from r3 to a

mov r0,#10h ;move immediate data 10h to r0.

24. Program to implement BCD counter to count from 0-99

6. Dual DAC, square wave

for(i=0xfe;i>0x00;i) /* Generate OFF pulse */

1. Write an ALP to add, subtract, multiply and divide 2 8 bit numbers

store 00 in the same location

1. Write an ALP to multiply a 16 bit number by an 8 bit number

19. Write a program to convert an ASCII number to BCD number

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EA ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0

for(i=0xfe;i>0x00;i) /* Generate OFF pulse */