CSI 411 - Compiler

Lecture 1 - Introduction to Compiler

Adnan Ferdous Ashrafi

September 20, 2020

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1 Introduction
Course Details
Marks Distribution

2 Starting to learn Compilers

What is a Compiler?
Compiled Languages Vs. Interpreted Languages
Phases of a Compiler
Example of Phases of a Compiler
Lexical Analyzer
Syntax Analyzer
Semantics Analyzer
Intermediate Code Generator
Code Optimizer
Target Machine Code Generator

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Introduction

Course Code : CSI 411

Course Title : Compiler
Trimester : L4T1
Course Teacher : Adnan Ferdous Ashrafi
Batches : CSE-S-65-A,CSE-S-65-B,CSE-S-66-F

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Marks Distribution

Attendance : 10%
Class Tests : 30% (Best 3 will be counted)
Midterm : 30%
Final : 30%
Total : 100%

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What is a Compiler?

Definition of a Compiler
Programming languages are notations for describing computations to people
and to machines. The world as we know it depends on programming lan-
guages, because all the software running on all the computers was written
in some programming language. But, before a program can be run, it first
must be translated into a form in which it can be executed by a computer.
The software systems that do this translation are called compilers.

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Compiled Languages Vs. Interpreted Languages

Figure 2: An Interpreter

Figure 1: A Language Processing

System
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Compiled Languages Vs. Interpreted Languages Contd.

Compiled Programming Languages Interpreted Languages

C JavaScript
C++ PHP
Java MATLAB
C# Python
etc. etc.

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Structure of a typical Compiler

Figure 3: Phases of a typical Compiler

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An Example - Part I

1 Lexical Analyzer
x = a + b × c;
⇓
id = id + id × id ;

id a
Symbol Table id b
id c
id x

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An Example - Part II
2 Syntax Analyzer
id = id + id × id ;
⇓

Table 1: Context Free Grammar -

CFG

E → E+T I T
T → T×F I F
F → id

Figure 4: Syntax/Parse Tree

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An Example - Part III

3 Semantics Analyzer

Figure 6: Semantically modified Parse Tree

Figure 5: Syntax/Parse Tree

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An Example - Part IV

4 Intermediate Code Generator

Table 2: Intermediate/Three Address Code

t1 = b×c;
t2 = a+t1 ;
x = t2 ;
5 Code Optimizer
Table 3: Optimized Code

t1 = b×c;
x = a+t1 ;

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An Example - Part V

6 Target Machine Code Generator

Table 4: Target Machine Code

MUL R1,R2
ADD R2,R0
MOV x,R2

Table 5: Values saved in the Registers

R0 a
R1 b
R2 c

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 Thank you.
Any Questions?

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