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EEG study on
natural image statistics and brainplasticity
Project description
I.I.R. Groen (supervisor), H. Prins (intern), H.S. Scholte (coassessor)
Background
Our perceptual systems are long thought to have adapted to the statistical properties of the signals to
which they are exposed, both during longterm evolution and early brain development [1]. Lowlevel
statistics of natural stimuli can provide important clues about their complexity and texture similarity
without the need for specific object identification processes.
In line with this idea it has been shown [2] that the early ERP correlates strongly with the Weibull
parameters of edge histograms of natural images. The two free parameters of the Weibull distribution
(named beta and gamma) seem to describe a structured space with single objects against an empty
background in the lowerleft quadrant and cluttered texturelike pictures in the upperright one.
The correlation between early ERP and the beta and gamma parameters of a fitted Weibull distribution
has been exploited to predict the stimulus participants where processing, using a computational model
of the LGN output to the early visual cortex [3]. Comparison between predictions made by this model
and the participant's ERP response revealed a clear effect of the number of presentations per stimulus
on the explained variation in early deflections in the ERP, indicating adaptation of the brain to the
stimuli.
A growing body of evidence supports a continuing role for brainplasticity during perceptual learning
in adult human brains [4], including shortterm adaption to natural image statistics [5]. Adaption seems
to take place throughout the whole process of target recognition in cluttered natural scenes [6] and may
involve various mechanisms on different timescales [7][8].
Aim
In order to determine the processes underlying the observed increase in explained variance, it will be
useful to investigate the effect of interval length between the first and second presentation of a natural
stimulus on the EEG response. It is the aim of the present experiment to do so.
We (1) hope to confirm the effect of a previous encounter of the stimulus on the EEG response of
participants perceiving the stimuli and (2) determine whether the length of the interval between
successive repetitions of the stimuli affects the response.
Procedure
Participants will be presented with a balanced set of natural scenes forming a representative sample
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from the edge distribution space summarized by their two Weibull distribution parameters. These
scenes may either depict an urban or a nonurban environment. It will be the participant's task to
categorize the scenes accordingly and as quickly as possible.
The stimuli will be divided into four sets with different repetitions intervals. Stimuli in these sets will
be resampled for each participant while remaining a natural spread in their Weibull parameters.
Repetition intervals vary from a few minutes to a full day. Data will thus be acquired over two different
sessions, recorded within two subsequent days. Although we are not explicitly interested in behavioral
performance on the task, response and reaction times will be recorded.
Experimental Details
▪ 16 participants
▪ 4 conditions reflecting 4 different repetition intervals
▪ Total amount of 400 stimuli per condition → 4 * 400 = 1600 stimuli (2 seconds per trial)
▪ 1 hour of EEG acquisition per session + 1 hour of preparation
▪ 2 recording sessions per subject over 2 subsequent days at the same time during the day
▪ Participants will be asked about the visual environment (urban or countryside) they grew up in
References
1. Simoncelli EP, Olshausen BA: Natural image statistics and neural representation. Annu. Rev.
Neurosci 2001, 24:11931216.
2. Scholte HS, Ghebreab S, Waldorp L, Smeulders AWM, Lamme VAF: Brain responses strongly
correlate with Weibull image statistics when processing natural images [Internet]. Journal of
Vision 2009, 9.
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3. Ghebreab, Scholte, Lamme, Smeulders: A biologically plausible model for rapid natural scene
identification [Internet]. NIPS Foundation; 2009:629637.
5. Schwarzkopf DS, Zhang J, Kourtzi Z: Flexible Learning of Natural Statistics in the Human
Brain. J Neurophysiol 2009, 102:18541867.
6. Kourtzi Z, DiCarlo JJ: Learning and neural plasticity in visual object recognition. Current
Opinion in Neurobiology 2006, 16:152158.
7. Gilbert C: Learning: Neuronal dynamics and perceptual learning. Current Biology 1994, 4:627
629.
8. Gilbert CD, Sigman M, Crist RE: The Neural Basis of Perceptual Learning. Neuron 2001, 31:681
697.
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